CN201034916Y - Abrasion wear generators - Google Patents
Abrasion wear generators Download PDFInfo
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- CN201034916Y CN201034916Y CNU2007200337542U CN200720033754U CN201034916Y CN 201034916 Y CN201034916 Y CN 201034916Y CN U2007200337542 U CNU2007200337542 U CN U2007200337542U CN 200720033754 U CN200720033754 U CN 200720033754U CN 201034916 Y CN201034916 Y CN 201034916Y
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- abrasion
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an abrasion generator for measuring the abrasion function of sediment, comprising a magnetostrictive oscillator and a container filled with test solution. The amplitude transformer of the magnetostrictive oscillator is provided with a specimen. The utility model is characterized in that the container filled with the test solution is a container filled with silt content water, an agitator is arranged in the container, the agitator is composed of blades and a motor, the blades are connected with the rotation output axis. Due to the adopted scheme, the utility model well overcomes the deficiencies of an original magnetostrictive oscillator, can directly measure the abrasion stability of the specimen under the condition of silt content water, critically the utility model can measure the abrasion stability of the specimen under the conditions of different sediment concentrations and different particle sizes, which can do help to explore the material abrasion law under the condition of tilt content water.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of abrasion generator of silt to the surface abrasion of hydraulic flow passage components that be used to measure.
Background technology
When current are carried under one's arms suspended sediment and bed load sediment motion, the hard grains of sand with certain kinetic energy are to surface repeated stock of hydraulic flow passage components and cutting, meanwhile high-velocity flow is vanished in the high zone of pressure at the cavity that forms along the occasion of journey pressure change and is produced very big impact pressure, impact flow passage components surface, these the two kinds effect destructions on flow passage components surface of causing are called abrasion.The water pump of the hydraulic turbine in power station and pumping plant often because of abrasion causes that local initial failure causes efficient reduction, serviceable life to be reduced and the overhaul of the equipments expense increases greatly, causes the very surprising energy and material unaccounted-for (MUF) in the silt-laden river.For example, hydraulic turbine abrasion in certain power station destroys serious, per 2 years will overhaul once, 11 unit maintenances of full factory take up to 6,600,000 yuan, the loss that as seen causes is very serious.In addition, also exist the problem of silt erosion in industries such as shipbuilding, oil.
Abrasion is the synergy of wearing and tearing and cavitation corrosion, and under the silt carrying flow condition, wearing and tearing often are accompanied with cavitation corrosion, interact, and are difficult to completely distinguish, and the existing cavitation corrosion vestige of the feature of its destruction has the vestige of wearing and tearing again.The influence factor of abrasion is a lot, relate to the kinetic characteristic and the interaction of multiphase medium, but major influence factors can reduce three classes: hydraulic performance, sediment Characteristics and material behavior.Magnetostriction oscillator is the present instrument of the widely used test material cavitation corrosion stability of shop experiment in the world, be illustrated in figure 1 as traditional magnetostriction oscillator structural representation, test specimen 13 is in the bottom of luffing bar 12, the equipment that produces the higher-order of oscillation makes luffing bar 12 axial dithers, by luffing bar 12 axial dithers, thereby make the test specimen 13 that is immersed in the container 14 that test solution is housed produce cavitation erosion, thereby the cavitation corrosion stability of test material for test.But traditional magnetostriction oscillator can not be tested the sand erosion stability of test specimen.
At present, about silt carrying flow to the abrasion influence factor and influence rule, forefathers have carried out a large amount of research, have also obtained considerable progress.But the mechanism for abrasion does not also form a relatively more consistent view so far: as sediment charge whether the influence of denuding is existed critical silt content, if exist, how many critical silt contents is; Whether sediment grain size exists critical particle diameter to the influence of abrasion, if exist, how critical particle diameter calculates.Remove cavitation corrosion
Influence, the rule of exploring sand erosion is extremely urgent, but in traditional magnetostriction oscillator, because of no silt rises
Moving device can't be measured the effect of sand erosion to abrasion of materials.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of have sediment incipient motion function and abrasion generator that can the abrasion stability of test material under the silt carrying flow condition, helps to explore the abrasion of materials rule under the silt carrying flow condition.
The utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of abrasion generator of measuring the silt erosion function, comprise magnetostriction oscillator and the container that test solution is housed, on the luffing bar of magnetostriction oscillator, be provided with test specimen, the container that test solution is housed is that the container that contains Sha Shui is housed, in this container, be provided with stirrer, stirrer is made up of blade and motor, and blade is connected on the rotary output axis of motor.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage:
Magnetostriction oscillator of the present utility model produces the higher-order of oscillation, makes the luffing bar produce axial dither, makes the test specimen that is installed on the luffing bar just be immersed in the test solution and axial vibration takes place and produces cavitation erosion.The silt agitating device is communicated with the container that test solution is housed by rotating shaft, rotating shaft is inserted on the base plate of the container that test solution is housed, when motor rotates, belt pulley drives rotating shaft and rotates, make blade rotation, the silt that is contained in like this in the test solution container will stir, according to knowledge of hydraulics, after stirring, silt has concave meniscus, pass through energy dissipator, make the sinking degree of concave meniscus lower, still have the water surface of opposed flattened around the center, can around centre measure the effect of silt the material for test abrasion.Change rotating speed of motor by controller, change the rotating speed of blade then, can allow silt be evenly distributed on as far as possible in the test solution, further measure the abrasion stability of test specimen under different-grain diameter, the different silt content.Owing to the existence of silt stirring apparatus and controller, can put into the silt of different-grain diameter, different content in the container of contain fluid, so just can carry out the measurement of test specimen abrasion stability under different-grain diameter, the different silt content situation.
Owing to adopt above scheme, the utility model has well overcome the deficiency of original magnetostriction oscillator, can directly measure the abrasion stability of test specimen under the silt carrying flow situation, the crucial abrasion stability that can also measure test specimen under different silt contents and different-grain diameter size helps to explore the abrasion of materials rule under the silt carrying flow condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional magnetostriction oscillator structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the liquid surface hollow synoptic diagram
Fig. 3 is the baffle block shape
Fig. 4 is the different schemes liquid surface hollow degree of depth
Fig. 5 is a structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is that quality and sediment grain size, time chart are lost in the test specimen abrasion of first embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is that quality and silt content, time chart are lost in the test specimen abrasion of second embodiment of the utility model.
Critical piece description of reference numerals among Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 5: 11: nickel oscillator 12: luffing bar 13: test specimen 14: the container 21 that test solution is housed: blade 22: motor 23: controller 24: belt pulley 25: rotating shaft 26: baffle block a: chilled water d: cup depth
Embodiment
A kind of abrasion generator of measuring the silt erosion function, comprise magnetostriction oscillator and the container 14 that test solution is housed, on the luffing bar 12 of magnetostriction oscillator, be provided with test specimen 13, the container 14 that test solution is housed is for being equipped with the container that contains Sha Shui, in this container 14, be provided with stirrer, stirrer is made up of blade 21 and motor 22, blade 21 is connected on the rotary output axis of motor 22, on the inwall of container 14, be provided with baffle block 26, the quantity of baffle block can be selected 4,6,8,12 etc., in the present embodiment, on the inwall of container 14, be provided with 12 baffle blocks 26, evenly arrange wherein 6 baffle blocks on the sustained height of container 14 inwalls, all the other 6 baffle blocks arrange evenly on the inwall of container 14 and are lower than above-mentioned wherein 6 baffle blocks that above-mentioned test specimen 13 departs from the center of container 14.
The purpose of this utility model, advantage and characteristics will illustrate and explain that these embodiment only provide as an example by the unrestricted explanation of following preferential embodiment.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as structural representation of the present utility model, a kind of special magnetostriction oscillator, comprise excitation supply, ultrasonic generator, nickel oscillator 11, luffing bar 12, test specimen 13, the container 14 of test solution is housed, also contain silt stirring apparatus, energy dissipator and propulsion system.Excitation supply, ultrasonic generator, nickel oscillator 11 are formed the equipment that produces the higher-order of oscillation, and the equipment that produces the higher-order of oscillation makes luffing bar 12 produce axial dither, make the test specimen 13 that is immersed in the test solution produce cavitation erosion.Propulsion system are made up of motor 22, controller 23, belt pulley 24, drive rotating shafts 25 by belt pulley 24 and rotate, thereby drive the rotation of silt stirring apparatus blade 21, reach the silt that allows in the container 14 then and are evenly distributed on effect in the water.Baffle block 26 has played the purpose of the smooth water surface.When the rotating shaft rotating speed was big slightly, an approximate parabolical concave meniscus can appear in the test solution surface, as shown in Figure 2,
According in the experiment standard about the regulation of " test specimen will immerse the water surface following 2～3mm ", need eliminate concave meniscus by some technical measures, utilization here be that baffle block is eliminated concave meniscus.The baffle block scheme is relatively determined by following scheme: about pasting baffle block at container inner wall, a lot of schemes can be arranged, at first be the geomery of baffle block, secondly is the position of baffle block, the number of baffle block etc.By analyzing, selected baffle block shape as shown in Figure 3: the length of baffle block is that 1/12 of test solution container girth is housed, and wide and thickness all is 1cm.The layout of baffle block has adopted four kinds of different schemes (seeing Table 1):
Table 1 baffle block scheme
| Scheme | The baffle block number | Row's number | The angle of baffle block and |
| Scheme | |||
| 1 |
4 8 6 12 | 1 2 1 2 | 45° 45° 30° 30° |
Wherein, the baffle block in scheme 1 scheme 3 is positioned at a row, be evenly distributed in tube wall around, on the upright position, be in the centre of tube wall, the baffle block of scheme 2 and scheme 4 is divided into two rows and is arranged on the tube wall, and every row is respectively 4 or 6, and row's baffle block is arranged at interval up and down.
After determining the form of baffle block, do four groups of tests, measure the cup depth of each scheme, the scheme of selecting the cup depth minimum is as final plan.From Fig. 4 test findings as can be seen, it is apparent in view that scheme 4 alleviates the effect of groove, in any case but liquid is not eliminated groove, finds simultaneously when intermediate groove reduces, but produced the water surface of an opposed flattened on every side, can be placed on test specimen on the water surface of opposed flattened on every side when doing experiment.The rotation water surface problem that concave meniscus occurs just can solve like this.
After in the container 14 that test solution is housed, putting into a certain amount of silt and water, open the power switch of controller 23, adjust the rotating speed of motor 22, thereby reach control blade 21 agitation speed, after silt being evenly distributed on be equipped with in the container 14 of test solution, just can open the switch of magnetostriction oscillator, the abrasion stability of test test specimen 13 under the silt erosion effect.
Embodiment one
Silt is selected the Changjiang river silt for use, and sediment grain size is respectively: 0.300～0.600mm, 0.038～0.054mm and 0.013～0.018mm; Silt content is 20kg/m
3
The vibration frequency of the used magnetostriction oscillator of present embodiment is 19.6kHz, and amplitude is 50 μ m, and power is 1100W, and test specimen is No. 45 steel, and used test solution is a water.Before test, use acetone soln ultrasonic test specimen earlier
Clean in the ripple washer, oven dry then, when waiting to naturally cool to room temperature, placing accuracy value is to weigh on the electronic analysis Libra of 0.1mg, writes down measurement result.As shown in Figure 5, in the container 14 that test solution is housed of the present utility model, put into the silt of certain content (silt content of this test all is 20%), certain particle diameter, and then add certain water, open the power switch of controller 23, adjustment control 23, observe the effect that blade 21 stirs silt, be evenly distributed in the water up to silt.Test specimen 13 is contained in magnetostriction oscillator luffing bar 12 lower ends, regulate test specimen 13 height, make test specimen 13 just immerse 2mm in the water surface of container 14 opposed flattened, start magnetostriction oscillator, make test specimen 13 axial dither in water, because the vibration frequency of magnetostriction oscillator is 19.6kHz, amplitude is 50 μ m, power is 1100W, so test specimen 13 vibration frequencies also are 19.6kHz, and amplitude also is 50 μ m.After 30 minutes, turn off the power supply of magnetostriction oscillator, take off test specimen 13, clean in ultrasonic cleaner with acetone soln earlier, dry then, when waiting to naturally cool to room temperature, placing accuracy value is to weigh on the electronic analysis Libra of 0.1mg, writes down measurement result.Afterwards test specimen is refilled in the lower end of luffing bar 12, reopen the power switch of magnetostriction oscillator.After spending 30 minutes, turn off the power supply of magnetostriction oscillator once more, take off test specimen 13, clean in ultrasonic cleaner with acetone soln earlier, oven dry then is when waiting to naturally cool to room temperature, placing accuracy value is to weigh on the electronic analysis Libra of 0.1mg, writes down measurement result.So circulation finishes up to this specimen test.The test period of each test specimen was 5h, measured the quality of a test specimen every 30 minutes.The sediment grain size of first test specimen is D1, carries out abrasion test under this sediment grain size as stated above.After the abrasion test of first test specimen finishes, heavily commutation with test specimen, adjustment control 23 in kind carries out abrasion test when sediment grain size is D2.Afterwards, commutation test specimen together readjusts controller 23 again, in kind carries out abrasion test when sediment grain size is D3.The magnitude relationship of these three sediment grain sizes is D1＞D2＞D3.
According to the test measured data, make the relation curve that quality and sediment grain size and test period are lost in the test specimen abrasion, see Fig. 6.As shown in Figure 6, for D1 and D3, sediment grain size is big more, and abrasion mistake quality is big more in the unit interval; Equally from figure also as can be seen, for sediment grain size D2, silt does not only increase the weight of test specimen abrasion, has played the effect of protection test specimen on the contrary; This phenomenon explanation, the critical abrasion particle diameter under this experiment condition (and the clear water cavitation corrosion is lost the same particle diameter of mass effect) DX can obtain by the enough tests repeatedly of interpolation between D2, D3.
Embodiment two
Testing used test specimen still is No. 45 steel.Silt is selected the Changjiang river silt for use, and silt content is respectively: 5kg/m
3, 50kg/m
3And 85kg/m
3Sediment grain size is 0.300-0.600mm.Test method and test condition and embodiment one are identical.
According to the test measured data, make the relation curve that quality and silt content and test period are lost in the test specimen abrasion, see Fig. 7, wherein, C1＞C2＞C3.As shown in Figure 4, for this sediment grain size, silt content is big more, and abrasion mistake quality is big more in the unit interval.
By above two embodiment as can be seen, this equipment has the following advantages:
Can measure different-grain diameter, the impact effect of different content silt to denuding;
The magnetostriction oscillator that has overcome traditional use can only be measured the shortcoming of cavitation erosion performance.
By above embodiment, test specimen mass loss under same silt content, different-grain diameter or same particle diameter, different silt content situation contrast, can the quantitative test sediment grain size or silt content to the impact effect of abrasion;
The test specimen mass loss of the identical following two kinds of different materials of test condition contrast again can the quantitative test different materials anti-erosion performance;
Above-mentioned is a kind of abrasion generator with sediment incipient motion function.Except that above-mentioned example, the utility model can also have other embodiment.Equal replacement of all employings or equivalent transformation are done the technical scheme of abrasion performance study on the test specimen surface, all drop in the protection domain of the utility model requirement.
Claims (4)
1. abrasion generator of measuring the silt erosion function, comprise magnetostriction oscillator and the container (14) that test solution is housed, on the luffing bar (12) of magnetostriction oscillator, test specimen (13) is housed, the container (14) that it is characterized in that being equipped with test solution is for being equipped with the container that contains Sha Shui, in this container (14), be provided with stirrer, stirrer is made up of blade (21) and motor (22), and blade (21) is connected on the rotary output axis of motor (22).
2. abrasion generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with baffle block (26) on the inwall of container (14).
3. abrasion generator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that on the inwall of container (14), being provided with 12 baffle blocks (26), evenly arrange wherein 6 baffle blocks on the sustained height of container (14) inwall, all the other 6 baffle blocks are evenly arranged on the inwall of container (14) and are lower than above-mentioned wherein 6 baffle blocks.
4. abrasion generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that test specimen (13) departs from the center of container (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200337542U CN201034916Y (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-01-22 | Abrasion wear generators |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200337542U CN201034916Y (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-01-22 | Abrasion wear generators |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201034916Y true CN201034916Y (en) | 2008-03-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200337542U Expired - Lifetime CN201034916Y (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-01-22 | Abrasion wear generators |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105510210A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-20 | 江苏大学 | Experiment-type metallic solution cavitation corrosion apparatus |
-
2007
- 2007-01-22 CN CNU2007200337542U patent/CN201034916Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105510210A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-20 | 江苏大学 | Experiment-type metallic solution cavitation corrosion apparatus |
| CN105510210B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2018-08-21 | 江苏大学 | A kind of test-type metallic solution cavitation damage device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20070122 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |