CN200968601Y

CN200968601Y - Combustion nozzle of dry coal powder gasification under pressure furnace

Info

Publication number: CN200968601Y
Application number: CN 200620045550
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱国庆; 张永贵
Original assignee: 711th Research Institute of CSIC
Current assignee: 711th Research Institute of CSIC
Priority date: 2006-09-06
Filing date: 2006-09-06
Publication date: 2007-10-31
Anticipated expiration: 2016-09-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a burner nozzle of dry pulverized coal pressure gasifier, which comprises a central passage with an outlet, a circular passage with air supply outlet which surrounding the central passage, a cooling passage surrounding the central passage. The cooling passage comprises a cooling cavity with helix passage inside the front face of the nozzle, a transfer pipe surrounds the central passage and communicates with the start of helix passage, a reflux pipe surrounds the transfer pipe and communicates with the end of the helix passage. The utility model is characterized in that the helix passage consists of a round helix rib-wing in the cooling cavity and a round backward helix rib-wing in the reflux pipe. The front-end of the nozzle is made of thin-wall high temperature alloy. The outlet of central passage is lower than the air supply outlet of the circular passage. The utility model makes full use of the characteristics of little adhesive force of dry pulverized coal and avoiding the wear on nozzle caused by dry friction. The utility model has excellent cooling function and the life of nozzle is extended to more than 8000 hours.

Description

The burner noz(zle) of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of burner noz(zle) of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove.

Background technology

Because how the growing tension of petroleum resources utilizes another to contain abundant coal resource efficiently, becomes the important topic of current using energy source.

In order to improve burning of coal efficient, the gas producing technology of coal generally is divided into two kinds at present, and a kind of is the coal water slurry gasification technology, and another kind is the dry coal powder gasification technology.Existing most of burners both domestic and external adapt to water-coal-slurry system gas mostly, and service life is too short, has seriously restricted the raising of production efficiency, and do not match with chemical industry equipment overhaul in year convention once, have improved maintenance cost.

Gasification is also named in the partial combustion of dry coal powder, and coal dust and oxygen reaction are finished, and combustible component is mainly carbon and hydrogen in the coal dust, and the oxygen of these compositions and input and vapor reaction are to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen.A kind of more advanced coal dust combustion method is that the coal dust particulate is sent in the reactor under higher speed by the carrier gas of nitrogen and so on, and fuel and oxygen rich gas and steam are reacted being higher than under 1400 ℃ the temperature.Coal dust is sent in the reactor by burner noz(zle) usually, and oxygen rich gas also enters in the reactor by burner noz(zle).Because combustion flame temperature is very high,, thereby reduce service life so the matter of utmost importance of burner noz(zle) is the damage that prevents that the burner front end from causing because of high heat-flux in the gasifying process and potential oxygen enrichment corrosive atmosphere.Secondly, because coal dust is poorer than the water-coal-slurry lubricity, coefficient of friction is big, prevents that the high speed coal dust to the wearing and tearing that the friction of burner inwall causes, also being that another problem to be solved is arranged.

Chinese patent application number is that 89104265 patent application discloses a kind of nozzle fo solid fuel containing carbon partly burning, its structure as shown in Figure 1, be provided with one along the longitudinal axis 14 of burner 10 and have the central passage 12 of outlet 16, be used for transfer the fuel, with central passage 12 oxygen channel 18 of a ring-type is set coaxially, its direction of transfer and the longitudinal axis 14 acutangulate so that oxygen that infeeds and the fuel crossover of sending into from central passage 12, at burner discharge end and oxygen channel 18 a hollow wall spare 19 is set coaxially, be used for the flow-through fluid cooling agent, the burner end is cooled off.

The major defect of this burner is that the cooling structure of hollow wall spare 19 is simple, cooling effect is relatively poor, for this reason Chinese patent application number be 89104265 patent application disclose a kind of with spiral-flow cooled face partial combustion burner, see also shown in Figure 2, be provided with a swirl-flow devices 20 at its leading section, to form a helical duct 22, helical duct 22 1 is connected to the carrier pipe 24 of carrying cooling agent toward helical duct, the other end is connected to the return duct 26 of being sent cooling agent by passage, takes away heat with the cooling agent of constant momentum Radial Flow from the burner front end in the passage.This burner has been owing to improved the cooling effect of burner front end, thereby is used widely in the many countries that comprising China, and position China has introduced about 15 covers of pressurization coal dust gasification device up till now.But this device use for a long time and study in find because the swirl-flow devices 20 of this nozzle is provided with the multi-circle spiral flow shape muscle wing, cause difficulty of processing to increase, and the sealing of burner end is relatively poor, has restricted the service life of burner.

In addition, what above-mentioned existing two kinds of nozzle structures all will be dealt with problems focuses on the cooling effect that improves burner end heating surface, and because the coefficient of friction of dry coal powder causes the serious problem of exit transducer wall ' s abrasion greatly, is not resolved always.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of burner noz(zle) of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove, by reducing nozzle abrasion and hot tearing, prolongs its service life.

The utility model is to solve the problems of the technologies described above the burner noz(zle) that the technical scheme that adopts provides a kind of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove, comprises that a central passage with outlet, is arranged on the cooling duct of periphery, circular passage around the circular passage with air supply opening and of central passage setting; Described cooling duct comprises that the cooling chamber that has helical duct, in the front end face that is located at described nozzle is provided with and is communicated in the conveyance conduit of initiating terminal of described helical duct and one around described conveyance conduit setting and be communicated in the reflux line of the terminal of described cooling chamber around described circular passage; Be characterized in that described helical duct constitutes by a helical form muscle wing that revolves is set in described cooling chamber, and by being located at the helical form muscle wing formation helical pipe backward in the described reflux line.

Described dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove burner noz(zle), wherein, the helical form muscle wing in the described reflux line can be a helical form muscle wing structure that revolves, finding one through overtesting, to revolve structure fabrication technology simple, the heat conduction efficiency height.

Described dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove burner noz(zle), wherein, the front end face of described nozzle is made of the high temperature alloy thin-walled, can improve heat-conductive characteristic, reduces the metallic walls temperature, reduce thermal stress.

Described dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove burner noz(zle), wherein, the thickness of described high temperature alloy thin-walled is 1～3mm.

Described dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove burner noz(zle), wherein, described central passage outlet is lower than the air supply opening of described circular passage, and to reduce the friction of dry coal powder to nozzle inner walls, the difference of the two is 5%～8% of a described outlet diameter.

Burner noz(zle) of the present utility model remarkable advantage compared to existing technology is: given full play to the little characteristics of dry coal powder adhesion strength, avoided its dry friction causes wearing and tearing to nozzle shortcoming, and having good refrigerating function, the life-span of burner noz(zle) was above 8000 hours.Because it has solved service life with the once unmatched key issue of chemical industry equipment overhaul in a year, helps promoting the use of of China's clean coal gasification technology.

Description of drawings

Further specify feature and advantage of the present utility model below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of existing a kind of partial combustion nozzle;

Fig. 2 be existing a kind of with spiral-flow cooled face the structural representation of partial combustion burner; Wherein Fig. 2 A is its sectional side elevation, and Fig. 2 B is that the II-II of Fig. 2 A is to cutaway view;

Fig. 3 is the vertical profile schematic diagram of the burner noz(zle) of the utility model dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove;

Fig. 4 is that the A-A of burner noz(zle) of Fig. 3 is to cutaway view;

Fig. 5 is the helical form muscle wing structure schematic diagram of burner noz(zle) of the present utility model.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the burner noz(zle) of the utility model dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove.See also shown in Figure 3, the burner noz(zle) 30 of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove of the present utility model, comprise a central passage 34 and an outlet 35 that is provided with along the longitudinal axis 32 of nozzle, be used for toward the interior pulverized coal conveying of gasification furnace, a circular passage 36 and an air supply opening 37 around central passage 34 and coaxial setting with it, be used for carrying oxygen-containing gas in gasification furnace, one is arranged on the cooling duct 38 of 36 peripheries, circular passage, is used to the cooling agent that circulates.Burner noz(zle) 30 has a front end face 31 at outlet side, the outlet 35 of central passage 34 is located at the center of front end face 31, coal dust is sent in the stove from exporting 35 with the low speed of 6～10m/s by the carrier gas of nitrogen and so on, the air supply opening 37 of circular passage 36 be located at front end face 31 and around the outlet 35.Oxygen-containing gas in the circular passage 36 comprises oxygen and steam, and the air stream outlet flow velocity is about 100m/s, forms good widely different eddy flow state in stove; Circular passage 36 acutangulates at air supply opening 37 places and central passage 34, and exports 35 a little less than air supply opening 37, and its difference is proportional with the diameter of outlet 35, generally is advisable with 5%～8% of outlet diameter.This design promptly is subjected to oxygen, steam flow injection to enter partial combustion, gasification in the stove after making coal dust leave outlet 35, does not form the high-speed dry pulverized coal flow and washes away tube wall, has reliably guaranteed the service life of nozzle.

For raising is penetrated by the furnace high-temperature width of cloth and is in jet expansion service life partly in the nearly pure oxygen environment, front end face 31 does not constitute by there being welding high temperature alloy thin-walled, improves heat-conductive characteristic, reduces the metallic walls temperature, reduces thermal stress, and the thickness of thin-walled is 1～3mm.

Fig. 4 is that the A-A of burner noz(zle) of Fig. 3 is to cutaway view.Fig. 5 is the helical form muscle wing structure schematic diagram of burner noz(zle) of the present utility model.Please consult shown in Figure 3ly in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 5, cooling duct 38 comprises the reflux line 41 that conveyance conduit 40 that the cooling chamber that is located in the front end face 31 39, one are provided with around circular passage 36 and are provided with around conveyance conduit 30.Be provided with the snail shape muscle wing 390 in the cooling chamber 39, in embodiment of the present utility model, this helical form muscle wing is one to revolve structure, form the helical channel of conduct coolant around the longitudinal axis 32 helical flow of nozzle, the inner of passage is communicated with conveyance conduit 40 through coolant inlet 42, and the outer end of passage is communicated with reflux line 41 through cooling agent refluxing opening 44.Also be provided with the side helical form muscle wing 410 in the reflux line 41, make cooling agent from the helical pipe of cooling chamber to the rear screw backflow with formation.In the present embodiment, the structure of this helical form muscle wing 410 also is one to revolve.Above design, reliable in structure, manufacture craft simple possible make coolant flow speed greater than 8m/s, and laminar condition disappears, and the coefficient of heat conduction improves, and has reduced amount of coolant.Through overtesting, adopt about 210 ℃ cooling water, speed with 8～10m/s at the uniform velocity flows through in cooling chamber 39, cooling water inflow＞2.5kg/s, backwater heats up≤2.5 ℃, make temperature≤650 ℃ of front end face 31, the heat resistanceheat resistant radiative material of selecting for use is worked reliably and with long-term, be higher than 8000 hours service life.

Burner noz(zle) of the present utility model has been given full play to the little characteristics of dry coal powder adhesion strength, avoided its dry friction causes wearing and tearing to nozzle shortcoming, and has a good refrigerating function, be applicable to totally-enclosed, high pressure, high temperature, the pure oxygen environment of energy consumption is low, system gas concentration is high dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove, its Applicable temperature scope is between 1500 ℃～1700 ℃, adapting to operating pressure is the gasification furnace of 6.0Mpa, and the continuous operation life-span was above 8000 hours.During use, nozzle arranges in pairs in stove that by burden requirement nozzle is cooling earlier before use, can bear asymmetric being heated after the cooling, helps nozzle and puts into operation.

Above embodiment explanation only is preferred embodiment explanation of the present utility model, and those skilled in the art can make the replacement and the modification of other all equivalence according to the foregoing description explanation of the present utility model.Yet these are replaced and revise according to all equivalences that the utility model embodiment is done, and belong to invention spirit of the present utility model and reach by in the claim that claim defined.

Claims

1. the burner noz(zle) of a dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove comprises that a central passage with outlet, is arranged on the cooling duct of periphery, circular passage around the circular passage with air supply opening and of central passage setting; Described cooling duct comprises that the cooling chamber that has helical duct, in the front end face that is located at described nozzle is provided with and is communicated in the conveyance conduit of initiating terminal of described helical duct and one around described conveyance conduit setting and be communicated in the reflux line of the terminal of described cooling chamber around described circular passage; It is characterized in that,

Described helical duct constitutes by a helical form muscle wing that revolves is set in described cooling chamber;

Also comprise backward a helical pipe, constitute by the helical form muscle wing of being located in the described reflux line.

2. the burner noz(zle) of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the helical form muscle wing in the described reflux line is a helical form muscle wing structure that revolves.

3. the burner noz(zle) of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that the front end face of described nozzle is made of the high temperature alloy thin-walled.

4. as the burner noz(zle) of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove as described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that the thickness of described high temperature alloy thin-walled is 1～3mm.

5. the burner noz(zle) of dry coal powder pressure gasifying stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described central passage outlet is lower than the air supply opening of described circular passage, and the difference of the two is 5%～8% of a described outlet diameter.