CN1993984A - Imaging apparatus, imaging system, imaging method, and computer program - Google Patents
Imaging apparatus, imaging system, imaging method, and computer program Download PDFInfo
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- CN1993984A CN1993984A CNA2005800266837A CN200580026683A CN1993984A CN 1993984 A CN1993984 A CN 1993984A CN A2005800266837 A CNA2005800266837 A CN A2005800266837A CN 200580026683 A CN200580026683 A CN 200580026683A CN 1993984 A CN1993984 A CN 1993984A
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Abstract
The invention provides an imaging apparatus, imaging system, imaging method, and computer program. A correction process is performed using different gain correction signals (GSA, GSB) in accordance with radiographic modes (moving image radiographic mode/still image radiographic mode) set in an X-ray imaging apparatus, respectively. This makes it possible to acquire an image with decreased correction errors even when the X-ray imaging apparatus is configured using an imaging unit having different gain characteristics in the still image radiographic mode and moving image radiographic mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to camera head, camera system, image capture method and computer program, particularly be suitable for the image of being photographed is carried out gain calibration.
Background technology
Below, use accompanying drawing to describe with regard to prior art.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of formation that the radiation-ray camera pick-up device in the past of image rectification is carried out in expression.In addition, Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram that schematically shows the formation of image unit in the past used in the radiation-ray camera pick-up device.In addition, be located in the radioactive ray, comprise X ray, alpha ray, β ray, gamma-rays etc.
As shown in Figure 8, used image unit 701 in the radiation-ray camera pick-up device in the past possesses pixel and is two-dimensional-matrix-like and arranges, and carries out the face sensor 803 of matrix driving.This pixel is by the inverting element 801a～801i that radioactive ray is directly converted to electric charge and switch element 802a～802i and constitute.As inverting element 801a～80li, can use for example PIN type photodiode or MIS type transducer.PIN type photodiode or MIS type transducer preferably use amorphous silicon and form.In addition, can use for example thin-film transistor (TFT) as switch element 802a～802i.Be applied with bias voltage Vs in the public electrode side of the inverting element 801a～801i of each pixel from power supply 804.In addition, the gate electrode of the switch element 802a～802i of each pixel is connected to common gate polar curve Vg1～VgN.Common gate polar curve Vg1～VgN is connected to the gate drive apparatus 805 that is made of not shown shift register etc.On the other hand, the source electrode of each switch element 802a～802i is connected to common data line Sig1～SigM, is exported as picture signal IS by the read-out device 814 that is made of variable gain amplifier 811, analog multiplexer 812 and A/D converter 813 etc.Like this, constitute image unit 701 by face sensor 803, gate drive apparatus 805 and read-out device 814.
Secondly, use Fig. 7 just in the past the image rectification of radiation-ray camera pick-up device describe.Be imported into excursion correction unit 702 from the picture signal IS of image unit 701 outputs.In excursion correction unit 702, carry out offset correction by carrying out deducting based on the computing of the offset correction signal OS that is stored in the offset data the offset memories 703 in advance from picture signal IS.Signal behind the offset correction is imported into gain correction unit 704 as signal A.In the gain correction unit 704 of the correction of the gain characteristic of carrying out each pixel, to signal A with based on being stored in the gain correction signal GS of gain calibration with the gain calibration data in the memory 705, carry out calculation process such as division arithmetic, and be output to output units 706 such as monitor (with reference to patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 2) as signal B.
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens the 2003-244557 communique
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens flat 10-327317 communique
As described above, radiation-ray camera pick-up device in the past has excursion correction unit 702 and gain correction unit 704.But radiation-ray camera pick-up device in the past has only the gain correction signal corresponding with single-mode.
Shown in Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B, in radiation-ray camera pick-up device in the past, having gain characteristic in moving image photography of photographing continuously and the still image photographing of photographing off and on is the different situation of input-output characteristic.Particularly, using as image unit 701 under the situation of the inverting element that adopts amorphous silicons and form, the difference of the gain characteristic when gain characteristic when learning moving image photography in the inverting element according to experimental result and still image photographing becomes remarkable.
Below, when photographing with regard to moving image and the difference of the gain characteristic input-output characteristic during still image photographing at length describe.In addition, " gain characteristic " broadly contained in this manual, and means that input-output characteristic is a sensory characteristic.
After radioactive ray see through subject, in inverting element, produce and be input to the quantity of electric charge Q of each row of read-out device,, can diagrammatically represent with following approximate formula with respect to incident photon (radioactive ray quantum) number P.
Q(col，row)＝Gs(col，row)×P
γ(col，row)
Here, (col row) is each intrinsic magnification ratio or the quantum efficiency of pixel of each col (row), row (OK) to Gs, and (col row) is each the intrinsic index (usually being called as gamma) of pixel of each col (row), row (OK) to γ.
And then, represent with following formula with each the pixel corresponding simulating output Vout that exports from the analog multiplexer of read-out device.
Vout(col，row)＝Q(col，row)×Ga(col)/Cf(col)
Here, Ga (col) is the magnification ratio that respectively lists set amplifier (but not illustrating in Fig. 8) of read-out device, and Cf (col) is the storage capacitance that respectively lists set amplifier of read-out device in addition.
According to above-mentioned, finally the simulation output of exporting from the analog multiplexer of read-out device is represented with following approximate formula.
Vout(col，row)＝Gs(col，row)×P
γ(col，row)×Ga(col)/Cf(col)
According to the present application person's research, new discovery Gs (col, row), (col, row) both depend on following (1)～(5) to γ at least.
(1) aperture opening ratio of inverting element, thickness, membranous, capacity
(2) electric field that is applied on the inverting element
(3) have its thickness under the situation of fluorophor, membranous (is under the situation of the components of photo-electric conversion at inverting element)
(4) ambient temperature
(5) radioactive ray (perhaps light) irradiation history or electric field apply history
In addition, under the situation of read-out device, also need to be careful Ga (col), Cf (col) etc. hold fluctuation degree this point differently because of manufacturing process with formation such as integrated circuits (IC).
In radiation-ray camera pick-up device, usually in general photography (rest image) and perspective photography (moving image), be not only frame frequency (frame rate) difference, shine the dosage of subject (dose: quantity of radiation) differ widely, the quantity of electric charge that produces in the inverting element also differs widely in order to obtain an image.Particularly, in the X ray camera head that has used X ray as radioactive ray, because the quilt amount of exposing to the sun at the examinee reduces, so the radiation dose of perspective photography (moving image) is compared with general photography (rest image) more than low sometimes 1 figure place to 2 figure place.
That is, in purpose because of the adjustment output area, and adopt under the situation of the formation that the gain G a (col) that makes read-out device in general photography (rest image)/perspective photography (moving image) or Cf (col) change, the fluctuation degree of Ga, the Cf that causes because of the manufacturing process of read-out device just becomes the amount that can't ignore.Its result just has the possibility that error recovery takes place in the bearing calibration of the radiation-ray camera pick-up device of prior art.
And then, because the characteristic of inverting element depends on above-mentioned (1)～(5) and difference, so for example be applied under the situation of the electric field change on the inverting element in making general photography (rest image)/perspective photography (moving image), gain characteristic just may change.For this reason, the possibility that error recovery takes place is just arranged in the bearing calibration of the radiation-ray camera pick-up device of prior art.
And then, radiation exposure history, electric field apply under the different situation such as history, ambient temperature in general photography (rest image)/perspective photography (moving image), and the possibility of generation error recovery is also arranged in the bearing calibration of the radiation-ray camera pick-up device of prior art.
Below, use Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B, the gain characteristic in just general photography (rest image)/perspective photography (moving image) describes because of electric field applies the example that history, radiation exposure history etc. change.
In moving image photography and still image photographing, shine the X ray amount and the frame frequency difference of inverting element.For this reason, because of electric charge is captured to receive the first-class and responsiveness of the light that produces of the used amorphous silicon of transform layer (that is, be used for radioactive ray are directly converted to the layer of electric charge) of inverting element, just possible different during with still image photographing when moving image photograph.Thereby, just think such shown in Fig. 9 A or Fig. 9 B, on the gain characteristic of inverting element, can produce difference.
In addition, under the situation of still image photographing, exist whenever photography just with the situation of the power supply disconnection of image unit 701.The bias voltage that offer inverting element 801 this moment also disconnects.On the other hand, under the situation of moving image photography, the power connection of image unit 701 is remained unchanged and photographs continuously.Bias voltage just is provided in photography on inverting element 801 this moment continuously.Adopt amorphous silicons and under the situation about forming at the inverting element 801 of image unit 701, with regard to think history that such power supply applies poor, just apply historical difference and show as the difference of the gain characteristic of inverting element to the bias voltage of inverting element 801.
Manifestation mode as the difference of above such gain characteristic has some situations.For example, existence is such shown in Fig. 9 A, in still image photographing and the different situation of moving image photography medium sensitivity.In addition, in other example, also there is shown in Fig. 9 B the different situation of gamma (γ) in the photography of still image photographing and moving image.Though diagram does not also have gain characteristic 901a, 901b shown in Fig. 9 A and gain characteristic 902a, the 902b shown in Fig. 9 B to coincide, no matter sensitivity or all different situation of gamma in still image photographing and the moving image photography.These phenomenons mean with the gain correction signal that is suitable for still image photographing under the situation that the signal A when moving image is photographed has carried out proofreading and correct, the possibility that produces error recovery is arranged.
In patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 2, record and narrate to some extent about the function of offset correction and gain calibration.But, about by based on the difference of the gain characteristic of photograph mode and the error recovery that produces without any record.
As described above, in moving image photography and still image photographing, under frame frequency, radiation dose that each opens photography and the situation different, in X ray camera head in the past, only possess the gain correction signal corresponding with single-mode based on the gain characteristic of using method etc.Therefore, just there is the problem that produces error recovery and so on.That is, in X ray camera head in the past, carry out can't carrying out gain calibration rightly under moving image photography and still image photographing two sides' the situation, and low and so on the problem of picture quality when having.
Summary of the invention
The present invention puts to finish in view of the above problems, how all can suitably carry out image rectification no matter its objective is photograph mode.
Relate to camera head of the present invention, comprise gain correction unit, this gain correction unit is to the picture signal from the image unit with a plurality of inverting elements, the correction signal of being stored in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned gain correction unit constitutes according to a plurality of photograph modes and uses different correction signals, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
In addition, relate to camera head of the present invention, comprise gain correction unit, this gain correction unit is to the picture signal from the image unit with a plurality of inverting elements, the correction signal of being stored in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, it is characterized in that: the radiation dose that above-mentioned gain correction unit constitutes according to the radioactive ray that incide above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume uses different correction signals, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
Relate to camera system of the present invention, comprising: camera head has the image unit that comprises a plurality of inverting elements; And gain correction unit, to picture signal from above-mentioned camera head, the correction signal of being stored in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned gain correction unit constitutes according to a plurality of photograph modes and uses different correction signals, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
In addition, relate to camera system of the present invention, comprising: camera head has the image unit that comprises a plurality of inverting elements; And gain correction unit, to picture signal from above-mentioned camera head, the correction signal of being stored in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, it is characterized in that: the radiation dose that above-mentioned gain correction unit constitutes according to the radioactive ray that incide above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume uses different correction signals, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
Relate to image capture method of the present invention, it is characterized in that, comprising: the shooting step, with image unit subject is made a video recording with a plurality of inverting elements; With the gain calibration step, picture signal to the subject of being made a video recording by above-mentioned shooting step, the correction signal that is write down in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, in above-mentioned gain calibration step, use different correction signals, above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration according to a plurality of photograph modes.
Relate to computer program of the present invention, make computer carry out following the processing: to the picture signal of the subject of making a video recording by image unit with a plurality of inverting elements, the gain characteristic of using different correction signals to proofread and correct above-mentioned inverting element at least according to a plurality of photograph modes.
In addition, relate to computer program of the present invention, make computer carry out following the processing: to the picture signal of the subject of making a video recording by image unit with a plurality of inverting elements, the gain characteristic of using different correction signals to proofread and correct above-mentioned inverting element at least according to the radiation dose of the radioactive ray that incide above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume.
According to the present invention, because picture signal to the subject of making a video recording by shooting part, use different correction signals to carry out gain calibration according to a plurality of photograph modes, even if so using the gain characteristic shooting part different to carry out under the situation of shooting, no matter how photograph mode can both obtain the good image that error recovery is minimized because of photograph mode.
In addition, further according to the present invention, because picture signal to the subject of making a video recording by shooting part, radiation dose according to the radioactive ray that incide above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume uses different correction signals to carry out gain calibration, even if so using the gain characteristic shooting part different to carry out under the situation of shooting, no matter how radiation dose can both obtain the good image that error recovery is minimized because of radiation dose.
Other features of the present invention and advantage are by being that the following explanation of reference will be come to understand with the accompanying drawing.Wherein, additional identical to same or analogous structure in the accompanying drawings with reference to label.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is included in the specification and constitutes its part, the expression embodiments of the present invention, and its record one is used from explanation principle of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is expression preferred the 1st execution mode of the present invention, and the block diagram of an example of formation of the X ray camera head of image rectification is carried out in expression.
Fig. 2 is expression preferred the 1st execution mode of the present invention, schematically shows the circuit diagram of an example of the formation of the image unit that is comprised in the X ray camera head.
Fig. 3 is expression preferred the 1st execution mode of the present invention, and the sequential chart of an example of the action of the X ray camera head when carrying out image rectification is described.
Fig. 4 is expression preferred the 1st execution mode of the present invention, and expression is set gain correction signal in order to carry out image rectification and the block diagram of an example of the formation of the X ray camera head that upgrades.
Fig. 5 is expression preferred the 1st execution mode of the present invention, illustrates in order to carry out image rectification gain correction signal to be set and the sequential chart of an example of the action of the X ray camera head when upgrading.
Fig. 6 is expression preferred the 2nd execution mode of the present invention, the figure of an example of the formation of expression camera chain.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of formation that the camera head of X ray in the past of image rectification is carried out in expression.
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram that schematically shows the formation of image unit in the past used in the X ray camera head.
Fig. 9 A is the figure that represents the gain characteristic in the X ray camera head in the past.
Fig. 9 B is the figure that represents the gain characteristic in the X ray camera head in the past.
Figure 10 A is the key diagram of the characteristic of the inverting element of employed read-out device in explanation the 1st execution mode.
Figure 10 B is the key diagram of the characteristic of the inverting element of employed read-out device in explanation the 1st execution mode.
Figure 10 C is the key diagram of the characteristic of the inverting element of employed read-out device in explanation the 1st execution mode.
Figure 11 is expression preferred the 3rd execution mode of the present invention, schematically shows the circuit diagram of an example of the formation of the image unit that is comprised in the X ray camera head.
Figure 12 is expression preferred the 4th execution mode of the present invention, schematically shows the circuit diagram of an example of the formation of the image unit that is comprised in the X ray camera head.
Description of reference numerals
101 the 1st gain calibration memories
102 the 2nd gain calibration memories
103 control units
104 image units
702 excursion correction unit
704 gain correction unit
706 output units
Embodiment
Below, use accompanying drawing at length to describe with regard to preferred implementation of the present invention.
(the 1st execution mode)
At first, describe with regard to preferred the 1st execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 are expression preferred the 1st execution modes of the present invention, and the block diagram of the 1st and the 2nd example of the formation of the X ray camera head that carries out image rectification is described.In addition, Fig. 2 is expression preferred the 1st execution mode of the present invention, schematically shows the circuit diagram of an example of the formation of the image unit that is comprised in the X ray camera head.Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 are expression preferred the 1st execution modes of the present invention, and the sequential chart of the 1st and the 2nd example of the action of X ray camera head is described.In addition, Fig. 6 is an expression preferred implementation of the present invention, and the figure of an example of formation of the X ray camera chain of X ray camera head has been used in expression.In addition, in Fig. 1～Fig. 6, for same inscape shown in above-mentioned Fig. 7～Fig. 9 B, give with Fig. 7～Fig. 9 B in the identical mark of mark that added, and omit detailed explanation.In addition, Figure 10 A～Figure 10 C is the key diagram of the characteristic of the gain, Cf fluctuation degree of employed read-out device in explanation the 1st execution mode and the inverting element that applies based on bias voltage.
As shown in Figure 1, compare with X ray camera head in the past shown in Figure 7, the X ray camera head of present embodiment is different in the following areas.
(1) has the 2nd gain calibration usefulness memory 102 that the 1st gain calibration of moving image photography usefulness is used with memory 101 and still image photographing.
(2) have control unit 103, can switch the gain correction signal GSB of the gain calibration data of using based on the gain correction signal GSA of the gain calibration data of moving image photography usefulness with based on still image photographing that are input to gain correction unit 704 according to photograph mode (moving image photograph mode/still image photographing pattern).
That is control unit 103 makes the 1st gain correction signal GSA based on the gain calibration data of moving image photography usefulness be input to gain correction unit 704 under the moving image photograph mode.In addition, control unit 103 makes the 2nd gain correction signal GSB of the gain calibration data of using based on still image photographing be input to gain correction unit 704 under the still image photographing pattern.And then control unit 103 can also be controlled the action of image unit shown in Figure 2 according to photograph mode.Though diagram not in addition, control unit 103 preferably can be controlled formation to the action of the X-ray generator of subject irradiation radioactive ray according to photograph mode.
Like this, by using different gain correction signal GSA, GSB to carry out treatment for correcting respectively to the photograph mode (moving image photograph mode/still image photographing pattern) that sets in the X ray camera head, even if then such shown in Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B, use different image unit of gain characteristic and having constituted under the situation of X ray camera head under still image photographing pattern and moving image photograph mode also can be obtained the image that error recovery is minimized.That is, no matter in still image photographing pattern and moving image photograph mode, can both suitably proofread and correct the image of being photographed under arbitrary photograph mode.
Relate to the X ray camera head of present embodiment, for example constituted in mode shown in Figure 2.If compare with X ray camera head in the past shown in Figure 8, can control at control unit 103 the connection current potential Von of switch element 802a～i such as transducer bias Vs and TFT connection, disconnect on this point different.Be not only connection, the disconnection of transducer bias voltage Vs (804 ') in addition, and be can be in moving image photography and still image photographing that the transducer bias is carried out the switching this point of V1 (Lo), V2 (Hi) is different.In addition, can be in moving image photography and still image photographing the storage capacitance Cf of the preamplifier that each holding wire was connected and the magnification ratio this point difference of variable gain amplifier 811 ' in the switching read-out device 814 '.Below, use Fig. 1～Fig. 3, the action of just carrying out in the X ray camera head of present embodiment when the image rectification (image is read) describes in further detail.
At first, the action of reading with regard to the still image photographing pattern describes.As shown in Figure 3, the operation of for example carrying out in response to the user by the X ray camera head in not shown work station etc. and reading of taking place/write switching signal are that action is read in expression under the Lo situation.In addition, be to be still image photographing pattern (promptly general photography) under the situation of Hi at mode switching signal, at this moment, control unit 103 makes the 2nd gain calibration be input to gain correction unit 704 (with reference to Fig. 1) with signal GSB.
In addition, control unit 103 makes the input of bias voltage switching signal, carries out the control (with reference to Fig. 2) of the connection current potential of switch elements 802 such as transducer bias Vs and TFT.The timing that the bias voltage switching signal is connected, disconnected as shown in Figure 3.Particularly, under the still image photographing pattern whenever setting basic transducer bias voltage Vs for V2, and the frame of photographing, just the connection current potential with switch elements 802 such as transducer bias Vs and TFT is set as disconnection (GND current potential).In other words the various current potentials that are applied on the face sensor whenever photography one frame just become the GND current potential.Be that the mode that disconnection current potential Voff with switch elements such as TFT is fixed into GND is set in the present embodiment.But, also can adopt the formation that can switch with other current potential (for example negative potential).In the case, same with the connection current potential Von of switch elements such as transducer bias Vs and TFT, whenever photography one frame just is configured to the GND current potential.
The current potential that just will be applied on the face sensor whenever photography temporarily is made as the GND current potential like this, and this carries out initialized effect with regard to having with the characteristic of face sensor.Particularly just can reduce afterimage etc. sometimes.
And then under the rest image pattern, control assembly is made as CA+CB with the storage capacitance of the preamplifier that each holding wire connected in the read-out device, with the gain of variable gain amplifier compare with the moving image photograph mode " than the lowland " set.Set with storage capacitance " significantly " and with variable gain " than the lowland " by comparing like this, even if the bigger radiation dose of number mR (milliroentgen) and so on just can read and move and can be unsaturated with the moving image photograph mode.
After X ray was through irradiation, the signal B of the 2nd gain correction signal GSB after overcorrect that uses with still image photographing was output to output unit 706.
Secondly, the action of reading with regard to the moving image photograph mode describes.As shown in Figure 3, the mode switching signal that takes place in the operation of carrying out according to the user by the X ray camera head is to be the moving image photograph mode under the situation of Lo, at this moment, control unit 103 makes the 1st gain calibration be input to gain correction unit 704 (with reference to Fig. 1) with signal GSA.
In addition, under the moving image photograph mode, as shown in Figure 3, the storage capacitance of the preamplifier of read-out device is made as CA, and the magnification ratio " than the highland " of variable amplifier is set.Thus, even if also can obtain preferable image for the radiation dose of comparing less 1 figure place～2 figure places with still image photographing.Need to be careful the moving image photograph mode here and compare, very short this point of X ray burst length with the rest image pattern.
With certain cycle, be output to output unit 706 corresponding to the irradiation of X ray with the signal B of the 1st gain correction signal GSA after overcorrect of moving image photography usefulness.
In addition, the treatment for correcting of above-mentioned gain correction unit has preferably been used the calculation process of approximate formula etc.More can also have many memories under the situation of high speed processing at needs in addition, use question blank (LUT) to wait and carry out treatment for correcting.
Below, use Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Figure 10 A～Figure 10 C to describe with regard to establishing method and the update method of the 1st gain correction signal GSA of moving image photography usefulness, the 2nd gain correction signal GSB that still image photographing is used.
At first, use Figure 10 to describe with regard to the rest image pattern in the present embodiment and the difference of moving image mode.As described above owing to dosage under still image photographing pattern and moving image photograph mode differs widely, so present embodiment is the formation that is used to (as shown in Figure 2) make from the signal of controlling the unit variable magnification of storage capacitance Cf and read-out device.But on the other hand, shown in Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B, the Cf of read-out device and magnification ratio have the fluctuation degree because of manufacturing process.Thereby,, preferably obtain the gain calibration data to set corresponding to the Cf of each photograph mode and magnification ratio as can be known in order to obtain gain calibration data accurately.
In addition, shown in Figure 10 C, the sensory characteristic of inverting element depends on transducer bias voltage Vs sometimes.Waiting under the situation that has formed inverting element with PIN type photodiode or the MIS type transducer that has adopted amorphous silicon, as Figure 10 C, exist if the then sensitivity and saturated also high of transducer bias voltage height, if low then sensitivity of transducer bias voltage and saturated also low and so on relation.But under transducer bias voltage condition with higher, will cause deterioration in characteristics sometimes, can not assert without exception that therefore the transducer bias voltage is higher for well, also distinguish situation about using according to photograph mode like that just like present embodiment.
At first, the write activity with regard to the gain calibration data of still image photographing pattern describes.
As shown in Figure 5, reading/writing switching signal is the write activity of the state representation correction data of Hi.In addition, be under the situation of Hi at mode switching signal, correction data is written into the 2nd gain calibration that still image photographing uses with in the memory 102.That is, not having under the state of subject image unit 104 to be shone X ray, obtain the signal A suitable with pulse signal 501a, 501b shown in Figure 5.The equal mode of at least a portion of wishing the Cf of bias voltage, read-out device with switch elements such as transducer bias voltage, TFT and magnification ratio this moment and the situation of reading is controlled with control unit.In addition, wish that more control unit controls so that it is radiated at the X ray amount of being shone in the common still image photographing not shown X-ray generator.The present application person is in order to obtain to diagnose needed picture quality, in view of the influence of X ray quantum noise and estimate the irradiation of still image photographing pattern maximum every frame 1mR～number 10mR on the face sensor surface of present embodiment.For this reason, be set in can be unsaturated under the above-mentioned dosage for Cf, the magnification ratio of wishing the rest image pattern.The dosage of in addition, also wishing when obtaining correction data on the correction accuracy this point to be shone comprises every frame 0.1mR～1mR at least.
Signal A is write the 2nd gain calibration with in the memory 102 by former state.At this moment, improve in order to make correction accuracy, preferably with not shown pulse signals 501a such as arithmetic element, the processing of averaging of 501b.
In addition, be under the situation of Lo at mode switching signal, correction data is written into the 1st gain calibration of moving image photography usefulness with in the memory 101.That is, do not having under the state of subject image unit 104 to be shone X ray periodically or continuously, obtain the signal A suitable with pulse signal 501c～501h shown in Figure 5.Signal A is write the 1st gain calibration with in the memory 101 by former state.At this moment, improve in order to make correction accuracy, preferably with not shown pulse signals 501c such as arithmetic element～averaging of 501h processing.In addition, in order to reduce the influence of x-ray bombardment history, will carry out the signal that equalization handles and write the 1st gain calibration removing pulse signal 501d～501h behind the pulse signal 501c etc. with even more ideal in the memory 101.And then, also wish to write fashionable equally with correction data with moving image, when photographing at least a portion of the Cf of the bias voltage of switch elements such as transducer bias voltage, TFT, read-out device and magnification ratio with moving image, control unit sets in the same manner.In addition, control unit is controlled to be radiated at the dosage that is shone under the moving image photograph mode even more ideal to not shown X-ray generator.Owing to estimate that moving image photograph mode maximum each frame on the face sensor surface of present embodiment is the irradiation of 10uR～number 100uR, so the Cf of desired movement image model, magnification ratio are set under the above-mentioned dosage unsaturated.The dosage of in addition, also wishing when correction data obtains on the correction accuracy this point to be shone comprises each frame 1uR～number 10uR at least.
In addition, in above-mentioned, generally speaking the still image photographing pattern is meant that the photography cycle (that is cycle of x-ray bombardment) is the photography more than 1 second.In addition, the moving image photograph mode is meant photography cycle less than 1 second or the photography of a plurality of frames being shone continuously X ray.In addition, the photography during the power supply disconnection (GND current potential etc.) that has face sensor between photographic frame can also be defined as still image photographing, will not have the photography of off period to be defined as the moving image photography as other definition.And then, the photography of maximum illumination 1mR～number 10mR on the face sensor surface can also be defined as still image photographing as other definition, the photography of maximum illumination 10uR～number 100uR is defined as the moving image photography.
In addition, though in the present embodiment, to use the PIN type photodiode that adopts amorphous silicon and form to be illustrated for example as the situation that inverting element constitutes face sensor, but the PIN type photodiode that also can replace this employing amorphous silicon and form, and use the MIS type inverting element (MIS type transducer) that adopts amorphous silicon and form.In addition, preferably adopt the fluorophor of cesium iodide or gadolinium system in order to be transformed into visible light from X ray.And then can also adopt other semi-conducting material (silicon metal, GaAs, amorphous selenium, lead iodide, mercuric iodixde) as the material of inverting element.
And then, though in the present embodiment, being illustrated for example for " moving image photograph mode " and " still image photographing pattern " this situation of two kinds with photograph mode, photograph mode is not limited to these two kinds.In addition, can also take to be provided with the photograph mode more than three kinds, and changeable a plurality of (three kind or more) gain calibration corresponding with this photograph mode difference more than three kinds formation of signal.
In addition, though in the present embodiment, the X ray camera head of photographing with the irradiation X ray is illustrated for example, is not limited to shine the device that X ray is photographed.Self-evident, even if the devices that the radioactive ray of irradiation beyond the X ray are photographed etc. also can adopt the method for present embodiment.
(the 2nd execution mode)
Secondly, describe with regard to preferred the 2nd execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 represents preferred the 2nd execution mode of the present invention, is the figure of an example of the formation of the expression camera chain that used the X ray camera head in above-mentioned the 1st execution mode.
In Fig. 6, in image processor 6070, be provided with above-mentioned function of gain calibration.The feature of the camera chain of present embodiment is the X-ray generator that has subject irradiation X ray, and the formation this point that set control unit 103 can be controlled the action of X-ray generator in the image processor 6070.
In addition, image processor 6070 has and for example possesses the CPU that the X ray camera head is summed up control; The ROM of the control program that preservation is carried out by above-mentioned CPU etc.; With carry out service area when the above-mentioned control program, offset memories the 703, the 1st gain calibration as above-mentioned CPU with memory 101 and the 2nd gain calibration microcomputer with the EEPROM of performance functions such as memory 102.In addition, image unit 104 is arranged in the imageing sensor 6040, and output unit 706 for example is arranged in the display 6080.
Below, the action of camera chain like this describes.The X ray 6060 that takes place in the X-ray tube 6050 that the source takes place as X ray sees through the observation parts 6062 such as chest of patient or subject 6061, incides imageing sensor 6040.The information that in the X ray of this incident, comprises subject 6061 inside.Imageing sensor 6040 is obtained electric information corresponding to the incident of X ray.This information is transformed into digital signal, is undertaken observing with regard to the available display 6080 that is in control room (Control Room) after the image processing by image processor 6070.
In addition, pass through the information of image processing like this, can pass on at a distance etc. by means of the delivery unit of telephone line or wireless 6090 etc.And, can also be presented on the display 6081, perhaps export on film etc., diagnose by the doctor who is positioned at the distant places such as clinic of control room different places.The information that obtains at the doctor's can also have been used the recording medium 6110 enterprising line item or the preservations such as recording medium, film or paper of various recording materials by the record cell 6100 of film processor etc. at CD, magneto optical disk, disk etc.
Though in the present embodiment, just the example that image correction unit is arranged in the image processor is illustrated, and is not particularly limited in this, can also be arranged in the camera unit.In addition, can also form image correction unit and be built in the read-out device with integrated circuit.In addition, the configuration about control unit also can be arranged in the camera unit equally.In addition, the connection of each several part, control no matter use wired, wireless can.Further in addition, use material such as polysilicon on insulated substrate, to form at least a portion of gate drive apparatus, read-out device, correcting unit, control unit, this is even more ideal for the miniaturization of device etc.
(the 3rd execution mode)
Secondly, describe with regard to preferred the 3rd execution mode of the present invention.
Figure 11 represents preferred the 3rd execution mode of the present invention, is the circuit diagram of an example that schematically shows the formation of the image unit that is comprised in the X ray camera head.Compare with Fig. 2 of expression the 1st execution mode, image correction unit is set between the analog multiplexer 812 and A/D converter 813 of read-out device 814 ', and carries out above-mentioned treatment for correcting this point difference with analog form.This moment, the calculation process of image correction unit can also be carried out calculation process that operational amplifier etc. is combined.In addition, the memory member of this moment both can use the analog memory that electric capacity etc. is combined, and also can carry out the D/A conversion and carry out computing with analog form the content of digital storage in addition.About other elemental motion and definition, same with the 1st execution mode of Fig. 1～mistake illustrated in fig. 5, so omit detailed explanation.
(the 4th execution mode)
Secondly, describe with regard to preferred the 4th execution mode of the present invention.
Figure 12 represents preferred the 4th execution mode of the present invention, is the circuit diagram of an example that schematically shows the formation of the image unit that is comprised in the X ray camera head.Compare with Fig. 2 of expression the 1st execution mode, control unit 103 can switch the formation this point difference of the capacity of inverting element according to moving image photograph mode, still image photographing pattern.Therefore, read-out device 814 " the common gain amplifier 811 of use ".But, also can replace read-out device 814 " and use the read-out device 814 of Fig. 8 or the read-out device 814 ' of Fig. 2.About other elemental motion and definition, same with the 1st execution mode of Fig. 1～mistake illustrated in fig. 5, so detailed explanation is omitted.Radiation dose differs widely in moving image, rest image as described above.Therefore, on saturated this viewpoint of inverting element, wish that under the moving image photograph mode mode that the capacity with inverting element diminishes controls, control and become big mode at the next capacity of still image photographing pattern with inverting element.The capacity that can switch inverting element at control unit 103 on the viewpoint of dynamic range in moving image photograph mode/still image photographing pattern is even more ideal.
(other preferred implementations of the present invention)
In order to make various device action to realize the function of above-mentioned execution mode, to device or the intrasystem computer that is connected with this various device, supply is used to realize the program code of software of the function of above-mentioned execution mode.Then, the program of being preserved in the computer (CPU or MPU) by this system or device situation that the action of above-mentioned various device is implemented thus is also contained in the category of the present invention.
In addition, in the case, self will realize the function of above-mentioned execution mode the program code of above-mentioned software.This program code self and the parts that are used for this program code is supplied with computer, the recording medium of for example having preserved this program code just constitutes the present invention.Recording medium as this program code of storage can use for example floppy disk, hard disk, CD, magneto optical disk, CD-ROM, tape, non-volatile storage card and ROM etc.
In addition, carry out the program code of being supplied with by computer, the function of above-mentioned execution mode is just realized.And then, this program code with computer under the situation of the common function that realizes above-mentioned execution mode such as running OS (operating system) or other application software this program code be also contained in the present embodiment.
And then the program code of being supplied with is stored in the function expansion board of computer or is connected in the memory that is possessed on the function expansion unit of computer.Afterwards, according to the indication of this program code, the CPU that is possessed on this function expansion board or the function expansion unit etc. carries out part or all of actual treatment.Then, situation about being achieved by this function of handling above-mentioned execution mode is also contained among the present invention.
Utilizability on the industry
That the present invention is used to is used in medical diagnosis machine, the nondestructive inspection machine etc., camera head, radiation-ray camera pick-up device and X-ray camera system.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, can carry out various changes and correction without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, in order to disclose scope of the present invention, additional following claim item.
The opinion of priority
The application is willing to that with the Japanese patent application laid that proposed on August 6th, 2004 Japanese patent application laid that proposes in 2004-231446 and on August 4th, 2005 is willing to that 2005-226622 is a basis opinion priority, and here citing it, to put down in writing content whole.
Claims (19)
1. camera head, comprise gain correction unit, this gain correction unit is to the picture signal from the image unit with a plurality of inverting elements, the correction signal of being stored in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, it is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned gain correction unit constitutes according to a plurality of photograph modes and uses different correction signals, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
2. the camera head of putting down in writing according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned a plurality of photograph mode is moving image photograph mode and still image photographing pattern, above-mentioned gain correction unit uses the 1st correction signal that the picture signal from above-mentioned image unit is carried out gain calibration under above-mentioned moving image photograph mode, uses the 2nd correction signal that the picture signal from above-mentioned image unit is carried out gain calibration under above-mentioned still image photographing pattern.
3. the camera head of putting down in writing according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned still image photographing pattern and above-mentioned moving image photograph mode, the radiation dose that incides the radioactive ray of above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume is distinguished different.
4. the camera head of putting down in writing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, has:
Select the control unit of correction signal according to above-mentioned a plurality of photograph modes, above-mentioned gain correction unit is used by the selected correction signal of above-mentioned control unit, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
5. the camera head of putting down in writing according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned control unit is used for from part or all of the power supply of above-mentioned image unit output image signal whenever the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume just disconnects under above-mentioned still image photographing pattern.
6. the camera head of putting down in writing according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned control unit upgrades at least one with the corresponding correction signal of above-mentioned a plurality of photograph modes.
7. the camera head of putting down in writing according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned inverting element has the components of photo-electric conversion, and these components of photo-electric conversion are to use amorphous silicon and the PIN type photodiode or the MIS type transducer that form.
8. the camera head of putting down in writing according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned inverting element is the element that above-mentioned radioactive ray is directly converted to electric charge, use silicon metal, GaAs, amorphous selenium, lead iodide, and mercuric iodixde among any one semi-conducting material and form.
9. camera system, comprising: camera head has the image unit that comprises a plurality of inverting elements; With
Gain correction unit, to the picture signal from above-mentioned camera head, the correction signal of being stored in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, it is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned gain correction unit constitutes according to a plurality of photograph modes and uses different correction signals, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
10. the camera system of putting down in writing according to claim 9 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned a plurality of photograph mode is moving image photograph mode and still image photographing pattern, above-mentioned gain correction unit uses the 1st correction signal that the picture signal from above-mentioned camera head is carried out gain calibration under above-mentioned moving image photograph mode, uses the 2nd correction signal that the picture signal from above-mentioned camera head is carried out gain calibration under above-mentioned still image photographing pattern.
11. the camera system according to claim 9 is put down in writing is characterized in that:
Also has radiation generator towards above-mentioned camera head irradiation radioactive ray, in above-mentioned still image photographing pattern and above-mentioned moving image photograph mode, for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume from the radiation dose difference of the radioactive ray of above-mentioned radiation generator irradiation.
12. camera head, comprise gain correction unit, this gain correction unit is to the picture signal from the image unit with a plurality of inverting elements, the correction signal of being stored in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, it is characterized in that:
The radiation dose that above-mentioned gain correction unit constitutes according to the radioactive ray that incide above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume uses different correction signals, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
13. a camera system comprises: camera head has the image unit that comprises a plurality of inverting elements; With
Gain correction unit, to the picture signal from above-mentioned camera head, the correction signal of being stored in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element, it is characterized in that:
The radiation dose that above-mentioned gain correction unit constitutes according to the radioactive ray that incide above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume uses different correction signals, and above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration.
14. an image capture method is characterized in that, comprising:
The shooting step is made a video recording to subject with the image unit with a plurality of inverting elements; With
The gain calibration step, to the picture signal of the subject of being made a video recording by above-mentioned shooting step, the correction signal that is write down in the service recorder medium is used for proofreading and correct at least the gain calibration of the gain characteristic of above-mentioned inverting element,
In above-mentioned gain calibration step, use different correction signals, above-mentioned picture signal is carried out gain calibration according to a plurality of photograph modes.
15. the image capture method according to claim 14 is put down in writing is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned a plurality of photograph mode is moving image photograph mode and still image photographing pattern, above-mentioned gain calibration step uses the 1st correction signal that the picture signal of the subject of being made a video recording by above-mentioned shooting step is carried out gain calibration under above-mentioned moving image photograph mode, uses the 2nd correction signal that the picture signal of the subject of being made a video recording by above-mentioned shooting step is carried out gain calibration under above-mentioned still image photographing pattern.
16. the image capture method according to claim 15 is put down in writing is characterized in that:
In above-mentioned still image photographing pattern and above-mentioned moving image photograph mode, incide the radiation dose difference of the radioactive ray of above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume.
17. the image capture method according to claim 14 is put down in writing is characterized in that, has:
Select the controlled step of correction signal according to above-mentioned a plurality of photograph modes, in above-mentioned gain calibration step, use, the picture signal from above-mentioned image unit is carried out gain calibration by the selected correction signal of above-mentioned controlled step.
18. a computer program makes computer carry out following the processing:
To the picture signal of the subject of making a video recording by image unit with a plurality of inverting elements, the gain characteristic of using different correction signals to proofread and correct above-mentioned inverting element at least according to a plurality of photograph modes.
19. a computer program makes computer carry out following the processing:
To the picture signal of the subject of making a video recording by image unit with a plurality of inverting elements, the gain characteristic of using different correction signals to proofread and correct above-mentioned inverting element at least according to the radiation dose of the radioactive ray that incide above-mentioned image unit for the above-mentioned picture signal that obtains an image volume.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP231446/2004 | 2004-08-06 | ||
| JP2004231446 | 2004-08-06 | ||
| JP226622/2005 | 2005-08-04 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1993984A true CN1993984A (en) | 2007-07-04 |
| CN100505842C CN100505842C (en) | 2009-06-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102469973A (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2012-05-23 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Radiation imaging device |
| CN105852890A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-17 | 佳能株式会社 | Radiographing apparatus, control apparatus, control method, and storage medium |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4164134B2 (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 2008-10-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | Imaging apparatus and imaging method |
| JP4357150B2 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2009-11-04 | 株式会社東芝 | X-ray flat panel detector parameter adjusting method and apparatus, and X-ray diagnostic apparatus |
| JP2004015000A (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2004-01-15 | Canon Inc | Radiation detector and radiation imaging systems |
-
2005
- 2005-08-05 CN CNB2005800266837A patent/CN100505842C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102469973A (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2012-05-23 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Radiation imaging device |
| CN102469973B (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2014-06-18 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Radiation imaging device |
| CN105852890A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-17 | 佳能株式会社 | Radiographing apparatus, control apparatus, control method, and storage medium |
| CN105852890B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2018-12-28 | 佳能株式会社 | Radiographic equipment, control device and control method |
| US10420524B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2019-09-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Radiographing apparatus, control apparatus, control method, and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN100505842C (en) | 2009-06-24 |
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