CN1988228A - Electrolytic solution based on iodic salt ethanol solution and its use - Google Patents

Electrolytic solution based on iodic salt ethanol solution and its use Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1988228A
CN1988228A CNA2005101307215A CN200510130721A CN1988228A CN 1988228 A CN1988228 A CN 1988228A CN A2005101307215 A CNA2005101307215 A CN A2005101307215A CN 200510130721 A CN200510130721 A CN 200510130721A CN 1988228 A CN1988228 A CN 1988228A
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iodine
electrolyte
salt compounded
ethanolic solution
lii
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孟庆波
安红利
刘喜哲
李冬梅
李泓
陈立泉
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Institute of Physics of CAS
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Institute of Physics of CAS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

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Abstract

This invention relates to an electrolyte based on iodine salt alcohol solution, which is made from mixing iodine salt, simple substance 12 and alcohol solution uniformly and may include ligand compound, additive, gel agent and ceramic powder coordinated with the iodine salt. This invented electrolyte can be used in dye sensitized solar cells or other energy-storage or conversion devices such as electrochemical cells and capacitors and the advantage of the electrolyte is to become liquid state, solid or gel state according to the needs and fills the porous membrane of dye sensitized soalr cells fully and contacts with electrode very well to keep the cell at high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Description

A kind of electrolyte and application thereof based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution, and the application in DSSC and other Conversion of energy and memory device.
Background technology
The electrolyte material of high conductivity, stable performance can be used as the electrolyte of all kinds of batteries, has a wide range of applications.1991, the Gr_tzel Michael professor and the partner thereof of engineering college of Swiss Confederation publishes an article at " nature " magazine, and (natural, 353 rolled up, 737 pages, (Nature, Vol.353 in 1991,737,1991)), introduced a kind of novel solar cell---DSSC.This battery preparation technique is simple, expense is low, efficient is higher, therefore is subjected to countries in the world scientist's extensive concern.The electrolyte that uses in the present this battery mainly is divided into three major types: the one, inorganic or organic iodide are dissolved in the organic solvents such as acetonitrile, methoxyacetonitrile, methoxypropionitrile, ionic liquid, and form liquid electrolyte; Two add gel or ceramic powders in the aforesaid liquid electrolyte, form gel electrolyte; The 3rd, solid electrolyte comprises hole transport conductor, polymer dielectric etc.The first kind and the used organic solvent of the second class electrolyte have toxicity usually, can affect to environment, are unfavorable for actual production and application.The 3rd class electrolyte is because conductivity is lower, and is relatively poor with contacting of electrode, makes that the whole efficiency of battery is lower, and long-time stability are bad.
The applicant discloses a kind of composite electrolyte in Chinese patent ZL02159047.8, it is the halid pure complex M by alkali metal 1 xM 2 yM 3 zM 4 vN (A) wGet with one or more materials in elemental iodine, ceramic powders and the cuprous salt compound are mixed.Wherein, Chun ligancy w=1～4.This composite electrolyte compared with prior art, its stable performance, conductivity height, fusing point is suitable, and by adjusting the proportioning of heterogeneity, can effectively regulate physical property such as fusing point, the conductivity etc. of this class composite electrolyte, thereby make this composite electrolyte have application widely.But this class composite electrolyte still exists some defectives, for example, this type of electrolyte mostly is solid-state, forms macrocrystalline easily, is unfavorable for that electrolyte fully is filled in the DSSC perforated membrane, it is relatively poor to make that electrolyte contacts with electrode, has reduced the photoelectric conversion efficiency of battery; With this composite electrolyte assembling DSSC the time, use the organic solvent that has toxicity usually in addition, this can produce certain influence to environment and practical application.
Summary of the invention
Shortcomings such as it is incomplete to the objective of the invention is to overcome existing combined electrolysis confrontation battery porous electrode filling, and solvent bank is toxic, thus a kind of electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution is provided.
The objective of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions:
Electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution provided by the invention, it is with salt compounded of iodine, simple substance I 2, and ethanolic solution 25～80 ℃ of heating, and stir or mode such as ultrasonic mixes and makes with 0～1500 rev/min speed.
Wherein, described salt compounded of iodine is one or more metal iodides, and described metal is for being selected from Li, Na, K, Ru, Cs, Al, Zn or Cu;
Described salt compounded of iodine also can be one or more organic imidazoles iodide, and preferred 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole iodine, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole iodine below are called for short H1 respectively, H2, H3;
Described salt compounded of iodine can also be the mixture of above-mentioned metal iodide and above-mentioned organic imidazoles iodide;
Described salt compounded of iodine is being 0.01～4.2mol/L based on the concentration in the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution;
Described simple substance I 2With the mol ratio of determination of iodine in iodized salt ion be 0.001～0.5: 1; Adding elemental iodine, mainly is to form oxidation-reduction pair with iodide ion, makes electrolyte can carry out redox circular response.
Electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution provided by the invention also comprises: the ligand compound that can carry out coordination with salt compounded of iodine.
Described ligand compound comprises organic substances such as amine, alcohols, nitrile, ethers, ester class; Described amine organic substance is: pyridine, 4-tert .-butylpyridine, 3-butyl-pyridinium, 2-pentyl pyridine, 2-propyl group pyridine, 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyridine, 2,4-lutidines, 2,6-lutidines, 3,5-lutidines, 2-picoline, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-picoline, bipyridine, hexahydropyridine, quinoline, isoquinolin, ethamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, aniline, diphenylamines, dibutyl amine, acetamide, urea etc.; Described pure type organic is: methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butanols, octanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1, ammediol; Described nitrile organic substance is: acetonitrile, propionitrile, benzene nitrile, succinonitrile, methoxyacetonitrile, methoxypropionitrile, 3-hydroxypropionitrile, acetaldehyde cyanhydrin etc.; Described ethers organic substance is: methyl ether, ether, propyl ether, methyl phenyl ethers anisole, phenoxy group benzene, oxolane, dioxane etc.; Described ester type organic is: dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, methyl formate, Ethyl formate, butyl formate, ethyl acetate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, repefral, diethyl phthalate etc.;
Described ligancy is 1～4;
Electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution provided by the invention also comprises: additive A.
Described additive A is the compound that a class can be improved the electrolyte performance, comprise: pyridine, 4-tert .-butylpyridine, 3-butyl-pyridinium, 2-pentyl pyridine, 2-propyl group pyridine, 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyridine, 2,4-lutidines, 2,6-lutidines, 3,5-lutidines, 2-picoline, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-picoline, bipyridine, hexahydropyridine, quinoline, isoquinolin, ethamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, aniline, diphenylamines, dibutyl amine, acetamide etc.
Described additive is being 0.01～5mol/L based on the concentration in the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution electrolyte.
Electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution provided by the invention, also comprise: gel G, gel G can make electrolyte form gel, reduce its flowability, volatility, avoid the leakage of liquid electrolyte, help DSSC and other store energy and the assembling and the long-term stability that transform device.
Described gel G can be an organic micromolecule compound, as contains the organic molecule of amido link and long aliphatic chain, comprising: C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 4H 9) CONHC 18H 37(being designated hereinafter simply as G1), C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHC 18H 37(being designated hereinafter simply as G2), C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHC 12H 24NHCO (i-C 3H 7) CHNHOCOCH 2C 6H 5(being designated hereinafter simply as G3), C 11H 23CONHC 4H 8CH (COOCH 3) NHCONHC 18H 37(being designated hereinafter simply as G4) etc. can also be organic high molecular compound, comprising: the copolymer of vinylidene and hexafluoropropylene (being designated hereinafter simply as G5), polyethylene glycol (being designated hereinafter simply as G6), poly(ethylene oxide) (being designated hereinafter simply as G7) etc.
Described gel accounts for 0.1～50wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution.
Electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution provided by the invention, also comprise: ceramic powders CP, adding ceramic powders CP can reduce the flowability and the volatility of liquid electrolyte, this helps solving the volatilization and the leakage problem of liquid electrolyte in the chemical power source, can also improve its ionic conduction characteristic simultaneously; In solid electrolyte, add ceramic powders and can increase electrolytical conductive capability, reduce electrolytical crystallizing power simultaneously, help it in DSSC and other store energy and the application that transforms on the device.
Described ceramic powders CP is SiO 2, TiO 2, ZnO, Al 2O 3, ZrO 2, SnO 2, CeO 2, MgO, La 2O 3, Y 2O 3, Ta 2O 5, Nb 2O 5Deng oxide;
Described ceramic powders accounts for 0.1～30wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution.
Electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution provided by the invention can be applied to DSSC, also can be used for the device of other Conversion of energy and storage, as electrochemical cell, and capacitor etc.
Compare with the electrolyte of prior art, the advantage of the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution provided by the invention is:
1) can be optimized electrolyte by regulating ligand, elemental iodine, gel, ceramic powders and content of additive, improve the physics of electrolyte, chemical property, can also make electrolyte as required is liquid, solid-state or gel;
2) electrolytical conductivity height provided by the invention, and mostly be liquid state or gel state, good fluidity, can fully fill the perforated membrane of DSSC, in addition, there are not problems such as the quick growth of crystallization and crystal, can contact, make battery keep higher photoelectric conversion efficiency with electrode is fine;
3) because avirulent organic solvents such as employing ethanol have fewer environmental impacts, help the production and the practical application of battery.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1,
With LiI and simple substance I 2Add in the ethanol, make that the concentration of LiI in ethanolic solution is 1.7mol/L, simple substance I in the solution 2With the mol ratio of iodide ion among the LiI be 0.01: 1,50 ℃ of heating, and stir with 300 rev/mins speed, mix, obtain the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution of the present invention.
Assemble DSSC with it, method such as JACS (Joumal of the AmericanChemical Society), vol.115, p.6382,1991 experimental section is described.On electro-conductive glass, pass through the method depositing Ti O of blade coating or silk screen printing 2Film was 450 ℃ of annealing 30 minutes.With the method depositing Ti O 2Film 2～5 times makes film thickness be about 10～20 microns.Again 450 ℃ of annealing 30 minutes, when being cooled to about 80 ℃, with TiO 2Film steeps into dyestuff RuL 2(NCS) 2.2 H 2O (wherein, L be 2,2 '-bipyridine-4,4 '-dicarboxylic acids) ethanolic solution in (concentration 0.3 mM).Soak after 12 hours and take out, dry under nitrogen, as the light anode of DSSC.Negative electrode is the platinum plating electro-conductive glass sheet by magnetically controlled sputter method evaporation gained.It between anode and the negative electrode electrolyte.On every square centimeter light anode, the electrolyte consumption generally is about 10 milligrams (solid electrolytes) or 30 microlitres (liquid electrolyte).The battery that assembles is measured the current-voltage curve of its electric current and voltage under simulated solar irradiation.Power taking stream and voltage maximum product are as the peak power output of battery.The ratio of the peak power output of battery and the light intensity of input is called the efficient of battery, and promptly luminous energy is converted into the efficient of electric energy, lists in table 1.
Table 1:C 2H 5OH+mLiI+wI 2
Numbering LiI concentration m (mol/L) I 2Addition w Battery efficiency (%)
1 1.7 0.01∶1 5.4
LiI concentration m is meant the amount of substance concentration of LiI in electrolyte in the table 1, and unit is mol/L; Described I 2Addition w is meant simple substance I 2Mol ratio with iodide ion among the LiI.
Embodiment 2
Press method preparation among the embodiment 1 based on the electrolyte of the ethanolic solution of different salt compounded of iodine, and be assembled into DSSC, it is formed and battery efficiency is listed in table 2.
Table 2:C 2H 5OH+mMI n(L) v+ wI 2+ zA
Numbering Salt compounded of iodine MI n Complex L I 2Addition w Additive A Battery efficiency (%)
Kind Concentration m (mol/L Kind Ligancy v Kind Concentration Z (mol/L)
2 LiI 4.2 - - 0.001∶1 Pyridine 0.01 4.3
3 LiI 2.8 Methyl alcohol 4 0.01∶1 Pyridine 2.5 4.8
4 LiI 2.1 Propyl alcohol 4 0.5∶1 Pyridine 5.0 4.5
5 LiI 1.1 Butanols 4 - The 4-tert .-butylpyridine - 3.9
6 LiI 0.8 Octanol 4 0.001∶1 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 5.0 3.8
7 LiI 0.6 Ethylene glycol 2 0.005∶1 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 4.0 4.0
8 LiI 0.4 Glycerol 2 0.01∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 3.0 4.4
9 LiI 0.3 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 0.02∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 2.5 4.0
10 LiI 0.1 1, ammediol 2 0.05∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 2.0 4.1
11 LiI 0.01 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.1∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 1.5 3.5
12 NaI 4.2 - - 0.2∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 1.2 4.6
13 NaI 2.1 Pyridine 2 0.5∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 1.0 4.2
14 NaI 0.01 The 3-picoline 2 - 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.8 3.9
15 KI 1.7 - - 0.001∶1 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.5 4.3
16 KI 1.1 Quinoline 2 0.05∶1 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.2 4.0
17 KI 0.8 Ethamine 2 0.1∶1 2, the 4-lutidines 0.1 3.7
18 AlI 3 0.6 - - 0.5∶1 2, the 4-lutidines 0.05 3.3
19 AlI 3 0.4 Diethylamine 2 0.001∶1 2, the 4-lutidines 0.01 3.0
20 AlI 3 0.3 Acetonitrile 2 0.01∶1 2, the 6-lutidines - 3.6
21 ZnI 2 0.1 - - 0.5∶1 2, the 6-lutidines 0.01 3.4
22 ZnI 2 0.05 Acetaldehyde cyanhydrin 2 - 2, the 6-lutidines 0.8 3.9
23 ZnI 2 0.01 Succinonitrile 2 0.001∶1 The 2-picoline 1.0 3.1
24 H0 4.0 - - 0.005∶1 The 2-picoline 1.2 3.0
25 H0 3.8 The 3-hydroxypropionitrile 2 0.01∶1 The 2-picoline 1.5 3.5
26 H0 3.5 Methoxypropionitrile 2 0.02∶1 3-ethylpyridine 1.8 3.3
27 H1 3.2 - - 0.05∶1 3-ethylpyridine 2.0 3.4
28 H1 3.0 Ether 2 0.1∶1 3-ethylpyridine 3.0 3.7
29 H1 2.5 Dimethyl carbonate 1 0.2∶1 The 3-picoline 5.0 3.0
30 H2 2.3 - - 0.5∶1 The 3-picoline - 4.0
31 H2 2.0 Diethyl carbonate 1 - The 3-picoline 0.01 3.4
32 H2 1.5 Propene carbonate 1 0.001∶1 Bipyridine 2.5 3.5
33 LiI NaI 1.5 1.0 - - 0.05∶1 Bipyridine 5.0 5.1
34 LiI NaI 1.5 0.5 Ethyl acetate 1 0.1∶1 Bipyridine - 4.9
35 LiI NaI 1.5 0.3 Repefral 2 0.5∶1 Quinoline 5.0 4.8
36 LiI KI 1.0 1.0 - - 0.001∶1 Quinoline 4.0 4.6
37 LiI KI 1.0 0.5 Methyl alcohol 4 0.01∶1 Quinoline 3.0 5.6
38 LiI KI 1.0 0.3 Propyl alcohol 4 0.5∶1 Ethamine 2.5 5.4
39 LiI AlI 3 0.5 1.0 Butanols 4 - Ethamine 2.0 5.1
40 LiI AlI 3 0.5 0.5 Octanol 4 0.001∶1 Ethamine 1.5 4.6
41 LiI AlI 3 0.5 0.3 Ethylene glycol 2 0.005∶1 Diethylamine 1.2 4.3
42 LiI ZnI 2 0.3 1.0 Glycerol 2 0.01∶1 Diethylamine 1.0 4.8
43 LiI ZnI 2 0.3 0.5 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 0.02∶1 Diethylamine 0.8 4.5
44 LiI ZnI 2 0.3 0.3 1, ammediol 2 0.05∶1 Triethylamine 0.5 4.0
45 LiI H0 2.5 1.5 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.1∶1 Triethylamine 0.2 5.3
46 LiI H0 2.5 1.0 - - 0.2∶1 Triethylamine 0.1 5.1
47 LiI H0 2.5 0.5 Pyridine 2 0.5∶1 Trimethylamine 0.05 4.8
48 LiI H1 2.0 2.0 The 3-picoline 2 - Trimethylamine 0.01 5.2
49 LiI H1 2.0 1.5 - - 0.001∶1 Trimethylamine - 4.7
50 LiI H1 2.0 1.0 Quinoline 2 0.05∶1 Aniline 0.01 4.9
51 LiI H2 2.0 0.5 Ethamine 2 0.1∶1 Aniline 0.8 5.8
52 LiI H2 2.0 0.3 - - 0.5∶1 Aniline 1.0 5.0
53 LiI H2 1.8 0.5 Diethylamine 2 0.001∶1 Diphenylamines 1.2 4.7
54 NaI KI 1.8 0.3 Acetonitrile 2 0.01∶1 Diphenylamines 1.5 5.6
55 NaI KI 1.2 0.8 - - 0.5∶1 Diphenylamines 1.8 5.4
56 NaI KI 1.2 0.6 Acetaldehyde cyanhydrin 2 - Acetamide 2.0 5.2
57 NaI AlI 3 1.2 0.5 Succinonitrile 2 0.001∶1 Acetamide 3.0 4.7
58 NaI AlI 3 1.2 0.3 - - 0.005∶1 Acetamide 5.0 3.9
59 NaI AlI 3 0.8 1.5 The 3-hydroxypropionitrile 2 0.01∶1 - - 4.2
60 NaI ZnI 2 0.8 1.0 Methoxypropionitrile 2 0.02∶1 - - 4.5
61 NaI ZnI 2 0.8 0.9 - - 0.05∶1 Pyridine 5.0 3.8
62 NaI ZnI 2 0.8 0.8 Ether 2 0.1∶1 Pyridine 2.5 5.0
63 NaI H0 0.8 0.5 Dimethyl carbonate 1 0.2∶1 Pyridine 0.1 4.2
64 NaI H0 0.8 0.3 - - 0.5∶1 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 4.0 3.5
65 NaI H0 0.8 0.2 Diethyl carbonate 1 - The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 3.0 3.3
66 NaI H1 2.5 1.5 Propene carbonate 1 0.001∶1 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 2.5 3.1
67 NaI H1 2.5 1.0 - - 0.05∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 2.0 4.0
68 NaI H1 2.5 0.5 Ethyl acetate 1 0.1∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 1.5 3.6
69 NaI H2 2.0 2.0 Repefral 2 0.5∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 1.2 4.1
70 NaI H2 2.0 1.5 Butanols 4 0.001∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 1.0 5.2
71 NaI H2 2.0 1.0 - - 0.01∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.8 5.6
72 KI AlI 3 2.0 0.5 Methyl alcohol 4 0.5∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.5 4.6
73 KI AlI 3 2.0 0.3 Propyl alcohol 4 - 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.2 4.2
74 KI AlI 3 1.8 0.5 Octanol 4 0.001∶1 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.1 3.9
75 KI ZnI 2 1.8 0.3 Ethylene glycol 2 0.005∶1 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.05 3.7
76 KI ZnI 2 1.5 1.0 Glycerol 2 0.01∶1 2, the 4-lutidines 0.01 4.7
77 KI ZnI 2 1.5 0.5 - - 0.02∶1 2, the 4-lutidines - 4.1
78 KI H0 1.5 0.3 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 0.05∶1 2, the 4-lutidines 0.01 3.8
79 KI H0 1.0 1.0 1, ammediol 2 0.1∶1 2, the 6-lutidines 0.8 4.5
80 KI H0 1.0 0.5 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.2∶1 2, the 6-lutidines 1.0 4.4
81 KI H1 1.0 0.3 - - 0.5∶1 2, the 6-lutidines 1.2 4.0
82 KI H1 0.8 1.5 Pyridine 2 - The 2-picoline 1.5 3.6
83 KI H1 0.8 1.0 The 3-picoline 2 0.001∶1 The 2-picoline 1.8 3.2
84 KI H2 0.8 0.9 - - 0.05∶1 The 2-picoline 2.0 4.6
85 KI H2 0.8 0.8 Quinoline 2 0.1∶1 3-ethylpyridine 3.0 4.2
86 KI H2 0.8 0.5 Ethamine 2 0.5∶1 3-ethylpyridine 5.0 3.2
87 AlI 3 ZnI 2 0.8 0.3 - - 0.001∶1 3-ethylpyridine - 2.8
88 AlI 3 ZnI 2 0.8 0.2 Diethylamine 2 0.01∶1 The 3-picoline 0.01 3.4
89 AlI 3 ZnI 2 0.5 1.0 Acetonitrile 2 0.5∶1 The 3-picoline 2.5 3.1
90 AlI 3 H0 0.5 0.5 - - - The 3-picoline 5.0 2.7
91 AlI 3 H0 0.5 0.3 Acetaldehyde cyanhydrin 2 0.001∶1 Bipyridine - 2.8
92 AlI 3 H0 0.3 1.0 Succinonitrile 2 0.005∶1 Bipyridine 5.0 3.0
93 AlI 3 H1 0.3 0.5 - - 0.01∶1 Bipyridine 4.0 3.5
94 AlI 3 H1 0.3 0.3 The 3-hydroxypropionitrile 2 0.02∶1 Quinoline 3.0 3.4
95 AlI 3 H1 2.0 0.5 Methoxypropionitrile 2 0.05∶1 Quinoline 2.5 4.6
96 AlI 3 H2 2.0 0.3 - - 0.1∶1 Quinoline 2.0 4.8
97 AlI 3 H2 1.8 0.5 Ether 2 0.2∶1 Ethamine 1.5 4.7
98 AlI 3 H2 1.8 0.3 Dimethyl carbonate 1 0.5∶1 Ethamine 1.2 5.0
99 ZnI 2 CuI 2 1.2 0.8 - - - Ethamine 1.0 4.5
100 ZnI 2 CuI 2 1.2 0.6 Diethyl carbonate 1 0.001∶1 Diethylamine 0.8 4.0
101 ZnI 2 CuI 2 1.2 0.5 Propene carbonate 1 0.05∶1 Diethylamine 0.5 4.6
102 ZnI 2 H0 1.2 0.3 - - 0.1∶1 Diethylamine 0.2 4.1
103 ZnI 2 H0 0.8 1.5 Ethyl acetate 1 0.5∶1 Triethylamine 0.1 3.7
104 ZnI 2 H0 0.8 1.0 Repefral 2 0.001∶1 Triethylamine 0.05 3.9
105 ZnI 2 H1 0.8 0.9 Butanols 4 0.01∶1 Triethylamine 0.01 4.2
106 ZnI 2 H1 0.8 0.8 - - 0.5∶1 Trimethylamine - 4.1
107 ZnI 2 H1 0.8 0.5 Methyl alcohol 4 - Trimethylamine 0.01 3.4
108 ZnI 2 H2 0.8 0.3 Propyl alcohol 4 0.001∶1 Trimethylamine 0.8 3.1
109 ZnI 2 H2 1.5 0.5 - - 0.005∶1 Aniline 1.0 3.3
110 ZnI 2 H2 1.5+0.3 Methyl alcohol 4 0.01∶1 Aniline 1.2 5.6
111 H0 H1 1.0 1.0 Propyl alcohol 4 0.02∶1 Aniline 1.5 4.6
112 H0 H1 1.0 0.5 Octanol 4 0.05∶1 Diphenylamines 1.8 4.2
113 H0 H1 1.0 0.3 Ethylene glycol 2 0.1∶1 Diphenylamines 2.0 4.5
114 H0 H2 0.5 1.0 Glycerol 2 0.2∶1 Diphenylamines 3.0 3.8
115 H0 H2 0.5 0.5 - - 0.5∶1 Acetamide 5.0 3.1
116 H0 H2 0.5 0.3 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 - Acetamide 0.01 3.0
117 H1 H2 0.3 1.5 1, ammediol 2 0.001∶1 Acetamide 2.5 4.3
118 H1 H2 0.3 1.2 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.05∶1 - - 4.5
119 H1 H2 0.3 1.0 - - 0.1∶1 Pyridine 5.0 3.6
120 LiI NaI KI 2.0 1.0 1.0 Pyridine 2 0.5∶1 Pyridine 4.0 4.1
121 LiI NaI KI 2.0 1.0 0.5 The 3-picoline 2 0.001∶1 Pyridine 3.0 3.8
122 LiI NaI KI 2.0 1.0 0.2 - - 0.01∶1 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 2.5 5.3
123 LiI NaI AlI 3 2.0 0.5 0.5 Quinoline 2 0.5∶1 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 2.0 5.2
124 LiI NaI AlI 3 2.0 0.2 1.0 Ethamine 2 - The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 1.5 4.8
125 LiI NaI AlI 3 1.5 1.5 1.0 - - 0.001∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 1.2 4.6
126 LiI NaI 1.5 1.0 Diethylamine 2 0.005∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 1.0 5.7
ZnI 2 0.5
127 LiI NaI ZnI 2 1.5 0.5 1.0 Acetonitrile 2 0.01∶1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 0.8 6.0
128 LiI NaI ZnI 2 1.0 1.0 1.0 - - 0.02∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.5 5.6
129 LiI NaI H0 1.0 1.0 0.5 Acetaldehyde cyanhydrin 2 0.05∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.2 5.0
130 LiI NaI H0 1.0 0.5 1.0 Succinonitrile 2 0.1∶1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.1 4.6
131 LiI NaI H0 1.0 0.5 0.5 - - 0.2∶1 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.05 4.3
132 LiI NaI H1 0.5 1.5 1.5 The 3-hydroxypropionitrile 2 0.5∶1 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.01 4.7
133 LiI NaI H1 0.5 1.5 1.0 Methoxypropionitrile 2 0.001∶1 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine - 3.5
134 LiI NaI H1 0.5 1.5 0.5 - - 0.01∶1 2, the 4-lutidines 0.01 5.5
135 LiI NaI H2 0.5 1.0 1.5 Ether 2 0.5∶1 2, the 4-lutidines 0.8 5.1
136 LiI NaI H2 0.5 0.5 1.0 Dimethyl carbonate 1 - 2, the 4-lutidines 1.0 4.1
137 LiI NaI H2 0.5 0.5 0.5 - - 0.001∶1 2, the 6-lutidines 1.2 3.4
138 KI AlI 3 ZnI 2 1.0 0.5 0.8 Diethyl carbonate 1 0.005∶1 2, the 6-lutidines 1.5 5.7
139 KI AlI 3 ZnI 2 1.0 0.8 0.5 Propene carbonate 1 0.01∶1 2, the 6-lutidines 1.8 6.2
140 KI A1I 3 ZnI 2 0.7 0.8 0.8 - - 0.02∶1 The 2-picoline 2.0 5.7
141 KI AlI 3 H0 0.7 0.6 0.4 Ethyl acetate 1 0.05∶1 The 2-picoline 3.0 5.2
142 KI AlI 3 H0 0.6 0.5 0.7 Repefral 2 0.1∶1 The 2-picoline 5.0 4.9
143 KI AlI 3 H0 0.6 0.5 0.5 Butanols 4 0.2∶1 3-ethylpyridine - 4.3
144 KI AlI 3 H1 0.5 0.8 0.8 - - 0.5∶1 3-ethylpyridine 0.01 3.5
145 KI AlI 3 H1 0.5 0.8 0.6 Methyl alcohol 4 - 3-ethylpyridine 2.5 4.0
146 KI AlI 3 H1 0.5 0.6 0.8 Propyl alcohol 4 0.001∶1 The 3-picoline 5.0 4.1
147 KI AlI 3 H2 0.3 0.5 1.0 - - 0.05∶1 The 3-picoline - 4.4
148 KI AlI 3 H2 0.3 0.8 1.0 Methyl alcohol 4 0.1∶1 The 3-picoline 5.0 3.6
149 KI AlI 3 H2 0.3 1.0 1.2 Propyl alcohol 4 0.5∶1 Bipyridine 4.0 3.2
150 ZnI 2 H0 H1 0.5 1.0 1.5 Octanol 4 0.001∶1 Bipyridine 3.0 3.0
151 ZnI 2 H0 H1 0.5 1.0 1.0 Ethylene glycol 2 0.01∶1 Bipyridine 2.5 5.4
152 ZnI 2 H0 H1 0.5 1.0 0.5 Glycerol 2 0.5∶1 Quinoline 2.0 5.3
153 ZnI 2 H0 H2 0.5 1.5 0.5 - - - Quinoline 1.5 4.7
154 ZnI 2 H0 H2 0.5 0.5 1.5 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 0.001∶1 Quinoline 1.2 4.1
155 ZnI 2 H0 H2 0.5 0.5 1.0 1, ammediol 2 0.005∶1 Ethamine 1.0 4.3
156 H0 H1 H2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.01∶1 Ethamine 0.8 5.1
157 H0 H1 H2 1.5 1.5 1.0 - - 0.02∶1 Ethamine 0.5 5.3
158 H0 H1 H2 1.0 1.5 1.0 Dimethyl carbonate 2 0.05∶1 - - 5.0
Salt compounded of iodine MI in the table 2 nConcentration m is meant MI nAmount of substance concentration in electrolyte, unit is mol/L;
Described I 2Addition w is meant simple substance I 2With salt compounded of iodine MI nThe mol ratio of middle iodide ion;
The concentration z of described additive A is meant additive A based on the amount of substance concentration in the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution electrolyte, and unit is mol/L.
Embodiment 3
Press the method among the embodiment 2, preparation based on the electrolyte of different salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solutions in add gel G or ceramic powders CP makes the electrolyte gelation, made gel electrolyte, and be assembled into DSSC, it is formed and battery efficiency is listed in table 3.
Table 3:C 2H 5OH+mMI n(L) v+ wI 2+ xG+yCP+zA
Numbering Salt compounded of iodine MI n Complex L I 2Addition w Gel G or ceramic powders CP Additive A Battery efficiency (%)
Kind Concentration m (mol/L Kind Ligancy v Kind X or y (%) Kind Concentration z (mol/L)
159 LiI 4.2 - - 0.001∶1 SiO 2 0.1 Pyridine 0.01 4.4
160 LiI 2.8 Methyl alcohol 4 0.01∶1 SiO 2 1.0 Pyridine 2.5 4.9
161 LiI 2.1 Propyl alcohol 4 0.5∶1 SiO 2 3.0 Pyridine 5.0 4.4
162 LiI 1.1 Butanols 4 - SiO 2 5.0 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine - 4.0
163 LiI 0.8 Octanol 4 0.001∶1 SiO 2 7.0 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 5.0 3.7
164 LiI 0.6 Ethylene glycol 2 0.005∶1 SiO 2 10 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 4.0 3.6
165 LiI 0.4 Glycerol 2 0.01∶1 SiO 2 15 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 3.0 4.0
166 LiI 0.3 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 0.02∶1 SiO 2 20 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 2.5 3.2
167 LiI 0.1 1, ammediol 2 0.05∶1 SiO 2 25 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 2.0 3.0
168 LiI 0.01 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.1∶1 SiO 2 30 The 2-pentyl pyridine 1.5 2.8
169 NaI 4.2 - - 0.2∶1 TiO 2 0.1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 1.2 4.6
170 NaI 2.1 Pyridine 2 0.5∶1 TiO 2 10 The 2-pentyl pyridine 1.0 3.9
171 NaI 0.01 The 3-picoline 2 - TiO 2 30 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.8 2.8
172 KI 1.7 - - 0.001∶1 ZnO 1 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.5 4.4
173 KI 1.1 Quinoline 2 0.05∶1 ZnO 15 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.2 3.1
174 KI 0.8 Ethamine 2 0.1∶1 ZnO 25 2, the 4-lutidines 0.1 2.9
175 AlI 3 0.6 - - 0.5∶1 Al 2O 3 3 2, the 4-lutidines 0.05 3.5
176 AlI 3 0.4 Diethylamine 2 0.001∶1 Al 2O 3 12 2, the 4-lutidines 0.01 2.6
177 AlI 3 0.3 Acetonitrile 2 0.01∶1 Al 2O 3 20 2, the 6-lutidines - 2.9
178 ZnI 2 0.1 - - 0.5∶1 ZrO 2 5 2, the 6-lutidines 0.01 3.3
179 ZnI 2 0.05 Acetaldehyde cyanhydrin 2 - ZrO 2 10 2, the 6-lutidines 0.8 3.2
180 ZnI 2 0.01 Succinonitrile 2 0.001∶1 ZrO 2 18 The 2-picoline 1.0 2.0
181 H0 4.0 - - 0.005∶1 SnO 2 7 The 2-picoline 1.2 2.9
182 H0 3.8 The 3-hydroxypropionitrile 2 0.01∶1 SnO 2 9 The 2-picoline 1.5 3.1
183 H0 3.5 Methoxypropionitrile 2 0.02∶1 SnO 2 18 3-ethylpyridine 1.8 2.5
184 H1 3.2 - - 0.05∶1 CeO 2 10 3-ethylpyridine 2.0 3.0
185 H1 3.0 Ether 2 0.1∶1 CeO 2 20 3-ethylpyridine 3.0 2.7
186 H1 2.5 Dimethyl carbonate 1 0.2∶1 CeO 2 25 The 3-picoline 5.0 2.1
187 H2 2.3 - - 0.5∶1 MgO 12 The 3-picoline - 3.8
188 H2 2.0 Diethyl carbonate 1 - MgO 15 The 3-picoline 0.01 2.7
189 H2 1.5 Propene carbonate 1 0.001∶1 MgO 18 Bipyridine 2.5 2.5
190 LiI+NaI 1.5+1.0 - - 0.05∶1 La 2O 3 1 Bipyridine 5.0 5.4
191 LiI+NaI 1.5+0.5 Ethyl acetate 1 0.1∶1 La 2O 3 15 Bipyridine - 3.5
192 LiI+NaI 1.5+0.3 Repefral 2 0.5∶1 La 2O 3 25 Quinoline 5.0 2.8
193 LiI+KI 1.0+1.0 - - 0.001∶1 Y 2O 3 3 Quinoline 4.0 4.7
194 LiI+KI 1.0+0.5 Methyl alcohol 4 0.01∶1 Y 2O 3 12 Quinoline 3.0 5.0
195 LiI+KI 1.0+0.3 Propyl alcohol 4 0.5∶1 Y 2O 3 20 Ethamine 2.5 4.5
196 LiI+AlI 3 0.5+1.0 Butanols 4 - Ta 2O 5 5 Ethamine 2.0 5.2
197 LiI+AlI 3 0.5+0.5 Octanol 4 0.001∶1 Ta 2O 5 10 Ethamine 1.5 4.1
198 LiI+AlI 3 0.5+0.3 Ethylene glycol 2 0.005∶1 Ta 2O 5 18 Diethylamine 1.2 3.6
199 LiI+ZnI 2 0.3+1.0 Glycerol 2 0.01∶1 Nb 2O 5 7 Diethylamine 1.0 4.8
200 LiI+ZnI 2 0.3+0.5 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 0.02∶1 Nb 2O 5 9 Diethylamine 0.8 4.4
201 LiI+ZnI 2 0.3+0.3 1, ammediol 2 0.05∶1 Nb 2O 5 18 Triethylamine 0.5 3.2
202 LiI+H0 2.5+1.5 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.1∶1 SiO 2 5 Triethylamine 0.2 5.4
203 LiI+H0 2.5+1.0 - - 0.2∶1 SiO 2 7 Triethylamine 0.1 5.0
204 LiI+H0 2.5+0.5 Pyridine 2 0.5∶1 SiO 2 10 Trimethylamine 0.05 4.5
205 LiI+H1 2.0+2.0 The 3-picoline 2 - G1 0.1 Trimethylamine 0.01 5.2
206 LiI+H1 2.0+1.5 - - 0.001∶1 G1 25 Trimethylamine - 3.2
207 LiI+H1 2.0+1.0 Quinoline 2 0.05∶1 G1 50 Aniline 0.01 3.9
208 LiI+H2 2.0+0.5 Ethamine 2 0.1∶1 G2 5 Aniline 0.8 5.4
209 LiI+H2 2.0+0.3 - - 0.5∶1 G2 20 Aniline 1.0 3.1
210 LiI+H2 1.8+0.5 Diethylamine 2 0.001∶1 G2 45 Diphenylamines 1.2 3.9
211 NaI+KI 1.8+0.3 Acetonitrile 2 0.01∶1 G3 10 Diphenylamines 1.5 5.4
212 NaI+KI 1.2+0.8 - - 0.5∶1 G3 15 Diphenylamines 1.8 5.5
213 NaI+KI 1.2+0.6 Acetaldehyde cyanhydrin 2 - G3 40 Acetamide 2.0 4.3
214 NaI+AlI 3 1.2+0.5 Succinonitrile 2 0.001∶1 G4 15 Acetamide 3.0 4.0
215 NaI+AlI 3 1.2+0.3 - - 0.005∶1 G4 10 Acetamide 5.0 4.0
216 NaI+AlI 3 0.8+1.5 The 3-hydroxypropionitrile 2 0.01∶1 G4 35 - - 3.7
217 NaI+ZnI 2 0.8+1.0 Methoxypropionitrile 2 0.02∶1 G5 8 - - 4.4
218 NaI+ZnI 2 0.8+0.9 - - 0.05∶1 G5 12 Pyridine 5.0 3.6
219 NaI+ZnI 2 0.8+0.8 Ether 2 0.1∶1 G5 25 Pyridine 2.5 4.6
220 NaI+H0 0.8+0.5 Dimethyl carbonate 1 0.2∶1 G6 10 Pyridine 0.1 4.3
221 NaI+H0 0.8+0.3 - - 0.5∶1 G6 15 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 4.0 3.5
222 NaI+H0 0.8+0.2 Diethyl carbonate 1 - G6 23 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 3.0 3.0
223 NaI+H1 2.5+1.5 Propene carbonate 1 0.001∶1 G7 13 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 2.5 3.2
224 NaI+H1 2.5+1.0 - - 0.05∶1 G7 17 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 2.0 4.2
225 NaI+H1 2.5+0.5 Ethyl acetate 1 0.1∶1 G7 20 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 1.5 3.3
226 NaI+H2 2.0+2.0 Repefral 2 0.5∶1 TiO 2 0.1 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 1.2 4.2
227 NaI+H2 2.0+1.5 Butanols 4 0.001∶1 TiO 2 10 The 2-pentyl pyridine 1.0 5.0
228 NaI+H2 2.0+1.0 - - 0.01∶1 TiO 2 30 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.8 3.6
229 KI+AlI 3 2.0+0.5 Methyl alcohol 4 0.5∶1 ZnO 1 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.5 4.6
230 KI+AlI 3 2.0+0.3 Propyl alcohol 4 - ZnO 15 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.2 3.9
231 KI+AlI 3 1.8+0.5 Octanol 4 0.001∶1 ZnO 25 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.1 3.0
232 KI+ZnI 2 1.8+0.3 Ethylene glycol 2 0.005∶1 Al 2O 3 3 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.05 3.5
233 KI+ZnI 2 1.5+1.0 Glycerol 2 0.01∶1 Al 2O 3 12 2, the 4-lutidines 0.01 4.1
234 KI+ZnI 2 1.5+0.5 - - 0.02∶1 Al 2O 3 20 2, the 4-lutidines - 3.0
235 KI+H0 1.5+0.3 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 0.05∶1 ZrO 2 5 2, the 4-lutidines 0.01 3.9
236 KI+H0 1.0+1.0 1, ammediol 2 0.1∶1 ZrO 2 10 2, the 6-lutidines 0.8 4.3
237 KI+H0 1.0+0.5 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.2∶1 ZrO 2 18 2, the 6-lutidines 1.0 3.7
238 KI+H1 1.0+0.3 - - 0.5∶1 SnO 2 7 2, the 6-lutidines 1.2 3.9
239 KI+H1 0.8+1.5 Pyridine 2 - SnO 2 9 The 2-picoline 1.5 3.4
240 KI+H1 0.8+1.0 The 3-picoline 2 0.001∶1 SnO 2 18 The 2-picoline 1.8 2.7
241 KI+H2 0.8+0.9 - 0.05∶1 CeO 2 10 The 2-picoline 2.0 4.1
242 KI+H2 0.8+0.8 Quinoline 2 0.1∶1 CeO 2 20 3-ethylpyridine 3.0 3.0
243 KI+H2 0.8+0.5 Ethamine 2 0.5∶1 CeO 2 25 3-ethylpyridine 5.0 2.9
244 AlI 3+ZnI 2 0.8+0.3 - - 0.001∶1 MgO 12 3-ethylpyridine - 2.6
245 AlI 3+ZnI 2 0.8+0.2 Diethylamine 2 0.01∶1 MgO 15 The 3-picoline 0.01 3.0
246 AlI 3+ZnI 2 0.5+1.0 Acetonitrile 2 0.5∶1 MgO 18 The 3-picoline 2.5 2.2
247 AlI 3+H0 0.5+0.5 - - - La 2O 3 1 The 3-picoline 5.0 2.6
248 AlI 3+H0 0.5+0.3 Acetaldehyde cyanhydrin 2 0.001∶1 La 2O 3 15 Bipyridine - 2.0
249 AlI 3+H0 0.3+1.0 Succinonitrile 2 0.005∶1 La 2O 3 25 Bipyridine 5.0 1.9
250 AlI 3+H1 0.3+0.5 - - 0.01∶1 Y 2O 3 3 Bipyridine 4.0 3.5
251 AlI 3+H1 0.3+0.3 The 3-hydroxypropionitrile 2 0.02∶1 Y 2O 3 12 Quinoline 3.0 2.8
252 AlI 3+H1 2.0+0.5 Methoxypropionitrile 2 0.05∶1 Y 2O 3 20 Quinoline 2.5 2.6
253 AlI 3+H2 2.0+0.3 - - 0.1∶1 Ta 2O 5 5 Quinoline 2.0 4.6
254 AlI 3+H2 1.8+0.5 Ether 2 0.2∶1 Ta 2O 5 10 Ethamine 1.5 4.0
255 AlI 3+H2 1.8+0.3 Dimethyl carbonate 1 0.5∶1 Ta 2O 5 18 Ethamine 1.2 3.5
256 ZnI 2+CuI 2 1.2+0.8 - - - Nb 2O 5 7 Ethamine 1.0 4.2
257 ZnI 2+CuI 2 1.2+0.6 Diethyl carbonate 1 0.001∶1 Nb 2O 5 9 Diethylamine 0.8 3.6
258 ZnI 2+CuI 2 1.2+0.5 Propene carbonate 1 0.05∶1 Nb 2O 5 18 Diethylamine 0.5 3.6
259 ZnI 2+H0 1.2+0.3 - - 0.1∶1 SiO 2 5 Diethylamine 0.2 4.1
260 ZnI 2+H0 0.8+1.5 Ethyl acetate 1 0.5∶1 SiO 2 7 Triethylamine 0.1 3.6
261 ZnI 2+H0 0.8+1.0 Phthalic acid 2 0.001∶1 SiO 2 10 Triethylamine 0.05 3.2
Dimethyl ester -
262 ZnI 2+H1 0.8+0.9 Butanols 4 0.01∶1 G1 0.1 Triethylamine 0.01 4.0
263 ZnI 2+H1 0.8+0.8 - - 0.5∶1 G1 25 Trimethylamine - 3.8
264 ZnI 2+H1 0.8+0.5 Methyl alcohol 4 G1 50 Trimethylamine 0.01 2.4
265 ZnI 2+H2 0.8+0.3 Propyl alcohol 4 0.001∶1 G2 5 Trimethylamine 0.8 3.1
266 ZnI 2+H2 1.5+0.5 - - 0.005∶1 G2 20 Aniline 1.0 3.1
267 ZnI 2+H2 1.5+0.3 Methyl alcohol 4 0.01∶1 G2 45 Aniline 1.2 4.9
268 H0+H1 1.0+1.0 Propyl alcohol 4 0.02∶1 G3 10 Aniline 1.5 4.1
269 H0+H1 1.0+0.5 Octanol 4 0.05∶1 G3 15 Diphenylamines 1.8 3.7
270 H0+H1 1.0+0.3 Ethylene glycol 2 0.1∶1 G3 40 Diphenylamines 2.0 3.2
271 H0+H2 0.5+1.0 Glycerol 2 0.2∶1 G4 15 Diphenylamines 3.0 3.3
272 H0+H2 0.5+0.5 - - 0.5∶1 G4 10 Acetamide 5.0 3.0
273 H0+H2 0.5+0.3 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 - G4 35 Acetamide 0.01 2.4
274 H1+H2 0.3+1.5 1, ammediol 2 0.001∶1 G5 8 Acetamide 2.5 4.0
275 H1+H2 0.3+1.2 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.05∶1 G5 12 - - 3.7
276 H1+H2 0.3+1.0 - - 0.1∶1 G5 25 Pyridine 5.0 3.0
277 LiI+NaI+ KI 2.0+1.0+ 1.0 Pyridine 2 0.5∶1 G6 10 Pyridine 4.0 3.4
278 LiI+NaI+ KI 2.0+1.0+ 0.5 The 3-picoline 2 0.001∶1 G6 15 Pyridine 3.0 3.1
279 LiI+NaI+ KI 2.0+1.0+ 0.2 - - 0.01∶1 G6 23 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 2.5 4.5
280 LiI+NaI+ AlI 3 2.0+0.5+ 0.5 Quinoline 2 0.5∶1 G7 13 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 2.0 4.8
281 LiI+NaI+ AlI 3 2.0+0.2+ 1.0 Ethamine 2 - G7 17 The 4-tert .-butylpyridine 1.5 4.1
282 LiI+NaI+ AlI 3 1.5+1.5+ 1.0 - - 0.001∶1 G7 20 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 1.2 3.7
283 LiI+NaI+ ZnI 2 1.5+1.0+ 0.5 Diethylamine 2 0.005∶1 TiO 2 5 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 1.0 5.2
284 LiI+NaI+ ZnI 2 1.5+0.5+ 1.0 Acetonitrile 2 0.01∶1 TiO 2 10 The 3-butyl-pyridinium 0.8 5.3
285 LiI+NaI+ ZnI 2 1.0+1.0+ 1.0 - - 0.02∶1 ZnO 6 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.5 5.1
286 LiI+NaI+ H0 1.0+1.0+ 0.5 Acetaldehyde cyanhydrin 2 0.05∶1 ZnO 9 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.2 4.2
287 LiI+NaI+ H0 1.0+0.5+ 1.0 Succinonitrile 2 0.1∶1 Al 2O 3 7 The 2-pentyl pyridine 0.1 4.2
288 LiI+NaI+ H0 1.0+0.5+ 0.5 - - 0.2∶1 Al 2O 3 8 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.05 4.0
289 LiI+NaI+ H1 0.5+1.5+ 1.5 The 3-hydroxypropionitrile 2 0.5∶1 ZrO 2 4 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine 0.01 4.4
290 LiI+NaI+ H1 0.5+1.5+ 1.0 Methoxypropionitrile 2 0.001∶1 ZrO 2 11 2,4, the 6-trimethylpyridine - 3.0
291 LiI+NaI+ H1 0.5+1.5+ 0.5 - - 0.01∶1 SnO 2 3 2, the 4-lutidines 0.01 5.4
292 LiI+NaI+ H2 0.5+1.0+ 1.5 Ether 2 0.5∶1 SnO 2 12 2, the 4-lutidines 0.8 4.6
293 LiI+NaI+ H2 0.5+0.5+ 1.0 Dimethyl carbonate 1 - CeO 2 2 2, the 4-lutidines 1.0 4.0
294 LiI+NaI+ H2 0.5+0.5+ 0.5 - - 0.001∶1 CeO 2 13 2, the 6-lutidines 1.2 2.7
295 KI+AlI 3+ ZnI 2 1.0+0.5+ 0.8 Diethyl carbonate 1 0.005∶1 MgO 1 2, the 6-lutidines 1.5 5.5
296 KI+AlI 3+ ZnI 2 1.0+0.8+ 0.5 Propene carbonate 1 0.01∶1 MgO 14 2, the 6-lutidines 1.8 5.1
297 KI+AlI 3+ ZnI 2 0.7+0.8+ 0.8 - - 0.02∶1 La 2O 3 15 The 2-picoline 2.0 4.4
298 KI+AlI 3+ H0 0.7+0.6+ 0.4 Ethyl acetate 1 0.05∶1 La 2O 3 20 The 2-picoline 3.0 3.0
299 KI+AlI 3+ H0 0.6+0.5+ 0.7 Repefral 2 0.1∶1 Y 2O 3 25 The 2-picoline 5.0 2.9
300 KI+AlI 3+ H0 0.6+0.5+ 0.5 Butanols 4 0.2∶1 Y 2O 3 30 3-ethylpyridine - 1.3
301 KI+AlI 3+ H1 0.5+0.8+ 0.8 - - 0.5∶1 Ta 2O 5 4 3-ethylpyridine 0.01 3.4
302 KI+AlI 3+ H1 0.5+0.8+ 0.6 Methyl alcohol 4 - Ta 2O 5 11 3-ethylpyridine 2.5 3.2
303 KI+AlI 3+ H1 0.5+0.6+ 0.8 Propyl alcohol 4 0.001∶1 Nb 2O 5 6 The 3-picoline 5.0 4.0
304 KI+AlI 3+ H2 0.3+0.5+ 1.0 - - 0.05∶1 Nb 2O 5 10 The 3-picoline - 3.1
305 KI+AlI 3+ H2 0.3+0.8+ 1.0 Methyl alcohol 4 0.1∶1 SiO 2 5 The 3-picoline 5.0 3.2
306 KI+AlI 3+ H2 0.3+1.0+ 1.2 Propyl alcohol 4 0.5∶1 SiO 2 7 Bipyridine 4.0 3.0
307 ZnI 2+H0+ H1 0.5+1.0+ 1.5 Octanol 4 0.001∶1 G1 0.1 Bipyridine 3.0 3.0
308 ZnI 2+H0+ H1 0.5+1.0+ 1.0 Ethylene glycol 2 0.01∶1 G1 5 Bipyridine 2.5 5.2
309 ZnI 2+H0+ H1 0.5+1.0+ 0.5 Glycerol 2 0.5∶1 G2 8 Quinoline 2.0 5.0
310 ZnI 2+H0+ H2 0.5+1.5+ 0.5 - - - G2 10 Quinoline 1.5 4.1
311 ZnI 2+H0+ H2 0.5+0.5+ 1.5 The tert-butyl alcohol 4 0.001∶1 G3 13 Quinoline 1.2 3.9
312 ZnI 2+H0+ H2 0.5+0.5+ 1.0 1, ammediol 2 0.005∶1 G4 15 Ethamine 1.0 3.9
312 H0+H1+ H2 1.0+1.0+ 1.0 1, the 2-propylene glycol 2 0.01∶1 G5 20 Ethamine 0.8 4.0
314 H0+H1+ H2 1.5+1.5+ 1.0 - - 0.02∶1 G6 30 Ethamine 0.5 3.8
315 H0+H1+ H2 1.0+1.5+ 1.0 Dimethyl carbonate 2 0.05∶1 G7 50 - - 2.7
Salt compounded of iodine MI in the table 3 nConcentration m is meant MI nAmount of substance concentration in electrolyte, unit is mol/L;
Described I 2Addition w is meant simple substance I 2With salt compounded of iodine MI nThe mol ratio of middle iodide ion;
The concentration z of described additive A is meant additive A based on the amount of substance concentration in the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution electrolyte, and unit is mol/L;
The amount x of gel or ceramic powders or y are meant that gel or ceramic powders quality account for the percentage based on the total weight of the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution.
Electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution provided by the invention has high ionic conductivity, stable performance, can regulate its state as required is liquid, solid-state or gel, preparation is simple, with low cost, adopt avirulent organic solvent, little to environmental impact, DSSC with its assembling has high photoelectric conversion efficiency, has advanced the production and the practical application of DSSC.

Claims (11)

1, a kind of electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution, it is with salt compounded of iodine, simple substance I 2, and ethanolic solution mix and the mixture that obtains 25～80 ℃ of heating;
Described salt compounded of iodine is one or more metal iodides, or one or more organic imidazoles iodide, or the mixture of above-mentioned metal iodide and above-mentioned organic imidazoles iodide;
Described metal is for being selected from Li, Na, K, Ru, Cs, Al, Zn or Cu;
Described salt compounded of iodine is being 0.01～4.2mol/L based on the concentration in the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution;
Described simple substance I 2With the mol ratio of determination of iodine in iodized salt ion be 0.001～0.5: 1.
2, the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described salt compounded of iodine is 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole iodine, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole iodine.
3, the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise the ligand compound that can carry out coordination with salt compounded of iodine, ligancy is 1～4;
Described ligand compound comprises amine, alcohols, nitrile, ethers, ester type organic;
4, the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
Described amine organic substance is: pyridine, 4-tert .-butylpyridine, 3-butyl-pyridinium, 2-pentyl pyridine, 2-propyl group pyridine, 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyridine, 2,4-lutidines, 2,6-lutidines, 3,5-lutidines, 2-picoline, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-picoline, bipyridine, hexahydropyridine, quinoline, isoquinolin, ethamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, aniline, diphenylamines, dibutyl amine, acetamide, urea;
Described pure type organic is: methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butanols, octanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1, ammediol;
Described nitrile organic substance is: acetonitrile, propionitrile, benzene nitrile, succinonitrile, methoxyacetonitrile, methoxypropionitrile, 3-hydroxypropionitrile, acetaldehyde cyanhydrin;
Described ethers organic substance is: methyl ether, ether, propyl ether, methyl phenyl ethers anisole, phenoxy group benzene, oxolane, dioxane;
Described ester type organic is: dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, methyl formate, Ethyl formate, butyl formate, ethyl acetate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, repefral, diethyl phthalate.
5, as claim 1 or 3 described electrolyte, it is characterized in that: also comprise additive based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution; Described additive is being 0.01～5mol/L based on the concentration in the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution electrolyte.
6, the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that:
Described additive is: pyridine, 4-tert .-butylpyridine, 3-butyl-pyridinium, 2-pentyl pyridine, 2-propyl group pyridine, 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyridine, 2,4-lutidines, 2,6-lutidines, 3,5-lutidines, 2-picoline, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-picoline, bipyridine, hexahydropyridine, quinoline, isoquinolin, ethamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, aniline, diphenylamines, dibutyl amine or acetamide.
7, as claim 1 or 3 described electrolyte, it is characterized in that: also comprise gel or/and ceramic powders based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution;
Described gel accounts for 0.1～50wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution;
Described ceramic powders accounts for 0.1～30wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution.
8, the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
Described gel is C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 4H 9) CONHC 18H 37, C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHC 18H 37, C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHC 12H 24NHCO (i-C 3H 7) CHNHOCOCH 2C 6H 5, C 11H 23CONHC 4H 8CH (COOCH 3) NHCONHC 18H 37, vinylidene and hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyethylene glycol or poly(ethylene oxide);
Described ceramic powders is SiO 2, TiO 2, ZnO, Al 2O 3, ZrO 2, SnO 2, CeO 2, MgO, La 2O 3, Y 2O 3, Ta 2O 5, or Nb 2O 5
9, the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: also comprise gel or/and ceramic powders;
Described gel accounts for 0.1～50wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution;
Described ceramic powders accounts for 0.1～30wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte of salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution.
10, the electrolyte based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:
Described gel is C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 4H 9) CONHC 18H 37, C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHC 18H 37, C 6H 5CH 2OCONHCH (i-C 3H 7) CONHC 12H 24NHCO (i-C 3H 7) CHNHOCOCH 2C 6H 5, C 11H 23CONHC 4H 8CH (COOCH 3) NHCONHC 18H 37, vinylidene and hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyethylene glycol or poly(ethylene oxide);
Described ceramic powders is SiO 2, TiO 2, ZnO, Al 2O 3, ZrO 2, SnO 2, CeO 2, MgO, La 2O 3, Y 2O 3, Ta 2O 2, or Nb 2O 5
11, the described application of electrolyte in the device of DSSC and other Conversion of energy and storage of one of claim 1 to 9 based on the salt compounded of iodine ethanolic solution.
CNA2005101307215A 2005-12-23 2005-12-23 Electrolytic solution based on iodic salt ethanol solution and its use Pending CN1988228A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102543493A (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-07-04 索尼公司 Photoelectric conversion element, method of manufacutring photoelectric conversion element, electrolyte layer for photoelectric conversion element, and electronic apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102543493A (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-07-04 索尼公司 Photoelectric conversion element, method of manufacutring photoelectric conversion element, electrolyte layer for photoelectric conversion element, and electronic apparatus

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