CN1986864A - Air corrosion resisting high strength low alloy metal and its production process - Google Patents
Air corrosion resisting high strength low alloy metal and its production process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to high strength air corrosion resisting steel and its production process. The low alloy air corrosion resisting steel consists of C 0.05-0.10 wt%, Si not more than 0.75 wt%, Mn 1.0-1.6 wt%, P not more than 0.020 wt%, S not more than 0.010 wt%, Al 0.01-0.05 wt%, Cu 0.20-0.55 wt%, Cr 0.20-0.45 wt%, Ni 0.12-0.40 wt%, Ca 0.001-0.006 wt%, N 0.001-0.006 wt%, Nb not more than 0.07 wt%, Ti not more than 0.025 wt%, Mo not more than 0.35 wt%, and Fe and inevitable impurity for the rest. It is produced through conventional smelting and two stage rolling after being heated to over 1200 deg.c, and the rolling includes finish rolling with initial temperature of 950 deg.c, accumulated reduction degree not lower than 80 % and final temperature lower than 880 deg.c, cooling in the rate of 5-15 deg.c/s to 400-700 deg.c, coiling and air cooling to room temperature. It is used for vehicle, container, bridge, etc.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of high-strength weather resisting steel and production method thereof, belong to low alloy steel and make the field.
Background technology:
A plurality of patents of invention about weather resisting steel (weathering steel) had been arranged before the present invention, 2002 disclosed " low-alloy structural steel resisting atmosphere corrosion (patent No. 00133579.0) ", 1987 disclosed " Weather-resistant low alloy steel (patent No.: 85108118) ", calendar year 2001 disclosed " weather resisting steel (patent No.: 00121262.1) ".This class patent steel grade all is the structural low with certain atmospheric corrosion resistance, and the composition system is Cu-P-Cr-Ni or Cr-P-Ti-RE, and yield strength is the 350MPa rank, and low temperature impact properties is lower.
The patent the most close with patent of the present invention is the Chinese patent application of announcing " acicular structure high strength weathering steel and production method thereof " (number of patent application: 200410061112.4), see table 1 " contrast patent 1 " for details in 2005.This patent of invention also belongs to low alloy steel and makes the field.The composition design is gone up and is adopted utmost point low-carbon (LC), the adding of Cu-Cr-Ni-Mo-Nb and two or more the compound interpolation among Ti-Al-Zr-RE or the Ca, with carbon content be controlled near or less than the maxima solubility 0.0218% of carbon under the normal temperature in α-Fe, with separating out of minimizing or inhibition cementite, guarantee that master control is organized as uniform acicular structure, to obtain good weather resistance.This patent application has been adopted and has been smelted the very big utmost point low carbon content design of difficulty, and carbon content is 0.01-0.04%, has increased production difficulty and manufacturing cost greatly, and its accessible yield strength also is lower than 550MPa.
Another patent comparatively approaching with patent of the present invention is laid-open U.S. Patents in 2000, patent No. US6056833, " THERMOMECHANICALLY CONTROLLED PROCESSED HIGH STRENGTHWEATHERING STEEL WITH LOW YIELD/TENSILE RATIO; HOT ROLLED, AIR COOLED; PEARLITE-FREE " (seeing " contrast patent 3 " in the table 1 for details), be the high-strength weathering steel that a kind of employing two stages hot rolling controlled cooling method is produced equally, yield strength 70-75ksi (about 483-518MPa) has the low yield strength ratio less than 0.85.This patent has adopted design of Cu-Cr-Ni weathering resistance composition and the design of Nb-Ti-Mo microalloy, and this patent of invention has been added V element 0.06-0.14% especially, add V element and not only increased manufacturing cost greatly, and be unfavorable for the welding property and the low temperature impact properties of steel plate, this contrast steel grade yield strength only guarantees to reach 483-518Mpa, and the assurance of low temperature impact properties is not provided.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of yield strength is other high-strength weather resisting steel of 550MPa level and production method thereof.Solve existing weather resisting steel yield strength and do not reach 550MPa rank and the not good technical problem of low-temperature impact toughness.Composition of the present invention adopts microalloy strengthening elements such as Cu-Cr-Ni and Nb, Ti, Mo to form, and adopts the controlled rolling and controlled cooling mode to produce, and needn't heat-treat, and is with short production cycle, production method is simple, and steel product cost is lower.This steel is except that possessing high strength, high atmospheric corrosion resistance, also have processing characteristicies such as good low temperature impact properties and good welding, clod wash, suitable application area comprises railway, road vehicle structure, freight container, bridge, building structure, tower mast rail post or the like.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has designed a kind of air corrosion resisting high strength low alloy metal, it is characterized in that Chemical Composition (weight %) is: C:0.05-0.10, Si≤0.75, Mn:1.0～1.6, P≤0.020, S≤0.010, Al:0.01-0.05, Cu:0.20-0.55, Cr:0.20-0.45, Ni:0.12-0.40, Ca:0.001-0.006, N:0.001-0.006 contains Nb≤0.07 in addition, Ti≤0.025, in Mo≤0.35 two or more, surplus are Fe and unavoidable impurities element.
The qualification of the Chemical Composition of 550MPa grade high-strength degree weather resisting steel of the present invention be the reasons are as follows:
C in steel, exist with the carbide form and alloying element in conjunction with the effect of performance precipitation strength and crystal grain thinning, thereby addition must not be lower than 0.05%, and too high C content is unfavorable for welding, thereby limits C content and must not be higher than 0.10%;
Si is the element that adds for steel is carried out deoxidation, and Si content is many can to cause weldability and welding heat influence area toughness to worsen, thereby its upper limit is defined as 0.75%;
Mn is important highly malleablized element, plays solution strengthening, improves the intensity and the toughness of steel, but Mn content too much makes hardening capacity increase, thereby causes weldability and welding heat influence area toughness to worsen, so regulation Mn content must not surpass 1.6%;
S and P are very big to the toughness influence of steel plate, thereby should strictly control S, P content, and steel grade of the present invention must adopt and hang down the design of P composition as easy solder type weather resisting steel; High S content not only reduces the low-temperature flexibility of steel, and promotes the anisotropy of steel plate, sulfide inclusion that the weather resistance of steel is also obviously reduced.Thereby extremely low S, P content are adopted in steel grade design of the present invention.
Al is the element that adds for deoxidation in the steel, adds an amount of Al and helps crystal grain thinning, improves the toughness and tenacity of steel;
Cr is not only the element of the hardening capacity that improves steel, and Cr content can effectively improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel 0.20% when above, and its content is too high will the severe exacerbation welding property, so Cr content should be limited to 0.20%-0.45%.
Ni can improve hardening capacity, significantly improves the low-temperature flexibility of steel, is to improve the weathering resistance of steel and the favourable element of obdurability, can not cause disadvantageous effect to the weldability and the welding heat influence area toughness of steel.Ni can also effectively stop the hot-short check crack that causes of Cu.Content is limited to 0.12%-0.40%, is less than 0.12% above-mentioned having little effect, and is higher than 0.40% and then can improves the cost of steel, and easily cause the steel plate iron scale to be difficult to come off.
Cu has the effect identical substantially with Ni, mainly plays solid solution and precipitation strength effect in steel.The suitable proportioning of Cu-Cr-Ni is the element that improves the atmospheric corrosion resistance most critical of steel, if but content is higher than at 0.55% o'clock, not only can damage welding heat influence area toughness, and check crack easily takes place during hot rolling, bring difficulty to production, so Cu content is limited to 0.20%-0.55%.
Handle the form that can control sulfide by Ca, improve low-temperature flexibility, its content is less than at 0.001 o'clock does not have effect, surpass 0.006 and then can produce many CaO, CaS, and form large-scale inclusion, the toughness of steel is caused damage, even influence the welding property of steel.So regulation Ca content range is 0.001%-0.006%
Steel grade of the present invention is further to improve performance, also optionally adds elements such as Nb, Ti, Mo, can obtain better effect aspect raising intensity and the toughness.
Nb, Ti, Mo can form trickle carbonitride, help the effect of crystal grain thinning tissue and performance precipitation strength, but Nb content was above 0.07% o'clock, perhaps Ti content surpasses 0.025%, perhaps Mo content was above 0.35% o'clock, then welding heat influence area toughness there is adverse influence, thereby the upper limit of four elements is limited.
Steel of the present invention adopts Ca to handle aborning, and it mainly acts on is the nodularization sulfide inclusion, to improve the anisotropy of steel plate, improves low temperature impact properties.
The present invention also provides a kind of production method of high-performance weather resisting steel, adopts molten iron pre-desulfurization, the converter top bottom blowing, RH vacuum circulation degassing technology is carried out calcium simultaneously and is handled, and the Chemical Composition (weight %) that obtains steel is: C:0.05-0.10, Si≤0.75, Mn:1.0～1.6, P≤0.020, S≤0.010, Al:0.01-0.05, Cu:0.20-0.55, Cr:0.20-0.45, Ni:0.12-0.40, Ca:0.001-0.006, N:0.001-0.006.Contain Nb≤0.07 in addition, Ti≤0.025, one or more in Mo≤0.35, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities element.Steel billet is behind reheat more than 1200 ℃, adopt the controlled rolling of two stages, it is characterized in that: beginning finish rolling more than 950 ℃, accumulative total draft 〉=80%, the finish rolling finishing temperature is lower than 880 ℃, and along with the increase finishing temperature of finished product thickness of slab should corresponding reduction, is cooled to 400 ℃ to 700 ℃ with the rate of cooling of 5-15 ℃/S then and batches, increase according to thickness of slab suitably reduces coiling temperature too, and then air cooling is to room temperature.Steel grade of the present invention does not need to roll postheat treatment, shortens the production cycle, reduces production costs.
The present invention has following advantage: patent of the present invention is on the basis of low C-Mn steel constitution, microalloy elements such as compound interpolation weathering resistance element Cu-Cr-Ni and strengthening element Nb-Ti-Mo, adopt low temperature finish to gauge, quick process for cooling to produce, make the steel plate microstructure present superfine crystal particle ferrite and a small amount of bainite, the yield strength index reaches more than the 550MPa, has following characteristics:
1. steel of the present invention has good comprehensive mechanical property, and yield strength is the 550MPa rank, improves greatly than common weathering steel intensity, increases weight capacity, is fit to the design of steel plate attenuate; And have good low temperature (40 ℃) impelling strength, be fit to various envrionment temperatures and use, particularly the winter low temperature area.
2. steel of the present invention has good atmospheric corrosion resistance, added weather-resistant elements such as Cu, Cr, Ni in steel, guaranteed that its atmospheric corrosion resistance is not less than common weathering steel, weathering resistance is 2-8 a times of common iron, steel are long more duration of service, can bring into play this advantage more.
3. steel of the present invention has good welding property, recommends by rational composition design and welding material, can effectively improve welding efficiency, obtains good property of welded joint.
4. steel grade of the present invention adopts controlled rolling and controlled cooling production, rolls attitude delivery, need not thermal treatment, and production technique is simple, and is with short production cycle, and steel product cost is lower, all can implement at various smelters.
Embodiment:
Learn the composition requirement according to tempering of the present invention, adopt converter smelting, carry out furnace rear refining then, obtain Chemical Composition and see Table 1, continuous casting is cut base and is sent hot rolling line, and billet heating temperature is 1220 ℃, adopts the controlled rolling of two stages and rolls back water-cooled and batching, finishing temperature is 820 ℃-880 ℃, and coiling temperature is 550 ℃-650 ℃.The mechanical property of invention steel embodiment is shown in Table 1.Carried out the contrast of chemical ingredients, mechanical property etc. with close steel grade, wherein contrasting patent 1 is the CN1609257A " acicular structure high strength weathering steel and production method thereof " that announced on April 27th, 2005, and contrast patent 2 is the JP 58045317A " a kind of intensity is not less than the production method that 50Kg/mm2 can weld weathering steel " that announce March 16 nineteen eighty-three.Contrast patent 3 is U.S. Pat 6056833, is the high-strength weathering steel that a kind of employing two stages hot rolling controlled cooling method is produced.
Table 1 steel of the present invention contrasts with Chemical Composition, the mechanical property of contrast steel grade
| Project | Steel of the present invention | Contrast patent 1 CN1609257A | Contrast patent 2 JP58045317A | Contrast patent 3 US6056833 | ||
| Chemical Composition (wt%) | C | 0.05-0.10 | 0.01～0.04 | 0.03-0.20 | 0.08-0.12 | |
| Si | ＜＝0.75 | 0.15～0.30 | ＜0.60 | 0.30-0.65 | ||
| Mn | 1.0～1.6 | 1.30～1.60 | 0.5～2.5 | 0.80-1.35 | ||
| P | ＜＝0.020 | ＜＝0.06 | -- | 0.01-0.02 | ||
| S | ＜＝0.010 | ＜＝0.01 | -- | ＜＝0.010 | ||
| Al | 0.01-0.05 | ＜＝0.035 | 0.01-0.08 | -- | ||
| Cu | 0.20-0.55 | 0.154～0.50 | 0.1-2.0 | 0.20-0.40 | ||
| Cr | 0.20-0.45 | 0.20～0.40 | 0.1-2.0 | 0.30-0.70 | ||
| Ni | 0.12-0.40 | 0.10～0.24 | ＜＝2.0 | ＜＝0.50 | ||
| Ca | 0.001-0.006 | ＜＝0.0050 | -- | -- | ||
| N | 0.001-0.006 | --- | -- | -- | ||
| Nb | ＜＝0.07 | 0.03～0.06 | 0.01-1.0 | ＜＝0.04 | ||
| Ti | ＜＝0.025 | ＜＝0.03 | 0.01-0.15 | ＜＝0.02 | ||
| V | -- | -- | 0.01-0.15 | 0.06-0.14 | ||
| Mo | ＜＝0.35 | 0.10～0.30 | ＜＝2.0 | 0.08-0.35 | ||
| Yield strength (MPa) | ＞＝550 | 490～540 | 340-460 | 483-518 | ||
| Tensile strength (MPa) | ＞＝600 | 590～650 | 420-540 | -- | ||
| Elongation (%) | ＞＝18 | 20～24 | -- | -- | ||
| Summer is impacted (J) than V-type | -40℃ | ＞＝60 | 210～298 | -- | -- | |
| Welding crack Sensitivity Index Pcm (%) | 0.18 | 0.16 | ＜＝0.22 | -- | ||
Steel grade of the present invention has obviously differently with the Chemical Composition of contrast patent 1, and steel grade C content of the present invention is 0.05～0.10%, and the C content of compared steel 1 is 0.01～0.04%; Steel of the present invention is also different with the Chemical Composition of compared steel 2,3, and steel of the present invention does not add V, and contrast patent 2 to require V content be 0.010～43.15%, it is 0.06～0.14% that contrast patent 3 requires V content.
The mechanical property requirements of steel of the present invention is different with compared steel, steel grade yield strength of the present invention can satisfy the performance index that are not less than 550MPa, and the yield strength of three contrast patent steel grades requires all to be lower than 550MPa, the performance index of low-temperature impact also are lower than steel grade of the present invention, steel grade of the present invention has the requirement of-40 ℃ of low temperature impact properties, and contrast patent 2 does not require low temperature impact properties.Therefore steel grade of the present invention all significantly is better than contrasting steel grade on indexs such as intensity and toughness.
Embodiment 1-4: according to steel constitution requirement of the present invention, on 300 tons of oxygen top and bottom combined blown converters, smelt steel of the present invention, after the RH vacuum outgas is handled, adopt the calcium treatment technology, whole process protectiveness continuous casting; Chemical Composition embodiment sees Table 2; Steel billet reheat temperature is 1235 ℃, and the roughing start rolling temperature is 1195 ℃, and the finish rolling start rolling temperature is 950 ℃, and the finish rolling finishing temperature is 865 ℃, 825 ℃, and the rate of cooling with 8 ℃/S, 11 ℃/S is cooled to 575 ℃, 550 ℃ then, and air cooling is to room temperature.Preceding 3 embodiment rolling thicknesses are respectively 4mm, 8mm, 16mm.The embodiment mechanical property sees table 3 for details.The corrosion resisting property test result sees Table 4.
Table 2 steel embodiment-Chemical Composition of the present invention
| Sequence number | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Mo | Alt | Cu | Cr | Ni | Nb | Ti | Ca |
| 1 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 1.10 | 0.010 | 0.004 | 0.14 | 0.030 | 0.26 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.051 | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| 2 | 0.07 | 0.25 | 1.20 | 0.012 | 0.003 | 0.19 | 0.038 | 0.38 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.064 | 0.024 | 0.005 |
| 3 | 0.08 | 0.23 | 1.40 | 0.013 | 0.001 | 0.22 | 0.040 | 0.38 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.058 | 0.023 | 0.003 |
| 4 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 1.24 | 0.009 | 0.001 | 0.25 | 0.028 | 0.35 | 0.42 | 0.38 | 0.055 | 0.020 | 0.004 |
Table 3 invention steel embodiment-mechanical property
| Thickness of slab | Re (MPa) | Rm (MPa) | A (%) | -40 ℃ of impact of collision value Akv (J) | Clod wash d=2a |
| 4mm | 575,585 | 605,610 | 22,26 | -- | Qualified, qualified |
| 8mm | 580,595 | 620,635, | 25,28 | 110,115,130[1] | Qualified, qualified |
| 16mm | 585,580 | 635,645 | 24,26 | 210,245,223[2] | Qualified, qualified |
| Annotate: [1] impact specimen is of a size of 5*10*55 (mm) half sample, and [2] impact specimen is of a size of the full sample of 10*10*55 (mm). | |||||
As seen from Table 3, steel of the present invention has excellent yield strength performance, and yield strength all more than 550MPa, is better than contrasting steel grade.And this steel grade has good low-temperature flexibility, and-40 ℃ of AKv ballistic works (full sample) are more than 200J.Employing is soaked corrosion test method (TB/T 2375-1993) week steel 3 of the present invention has been carried out the corrosion resisting property test, contrasts with General Structural Steel Q345C simultaneously, and comparing result sees table 4 for details.Test-results shows that steel grade of the present invention also has tangible corrosion resisting property when having increased substantially intensity, and corrosion resisting property approximately is the twice of General Structural Steel.
Table 4 invention steel embodiment-corrosion resisting property
| Steel grade | Average corrosion weight loss rate g/m 2/h | Relative erosion rate, % | |
| The result | On average | ||
| Q345C | 1.794 | 1.835 | 100 |
| 1.877 | |||
| 1.843 | |||
| 1.811 | |||
| 1.848 | |||
| Steel of the present invention | 1.007 | 1.015 | 55.3 |
| 1.009 | |||
| 1.037 | |||
| 1.010 | |||
| 1.012 | |||
Steel of the present invention can be widely used in rail truck, road vehicle, freight container, bridge, building structure, tower mast rail post, engineering machinery or the like Application Areas.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of air corrosion resisting high strength low alloy metal, it is characterized in that the Chemical Composition weight percent is: C:0.05-0.10%, Si≤0.75%, Mn:1.0～1.6%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.010%, Al:0.01-0.05%, Cu:0.20-0.55%, Cr:0.20-0.45%, Ni:0.12-0.40%, Ca:0.001-0.006%, N:0.001-0.006%, contain Nb≤0.07% in addition, Ti≤0.025%, two or more in Mo≤0.35%, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities element.
2, the production method of the described a kind of air corrosion resisting high strength low alloy metal of claim 1 adopts molten iron pre-desulfurization, the converter top bottom blowing, RH vacuum circulation degassing technology, carry out calcium simultaneously and handle, it is characterized in that steel billet is behind reheat more than 1200 ℃, adopt the controlled rolling of two stages, beginning finish rolling more than 950 ℃, accumulative total draft 〉=80%, the finish rolling finishing temperature is lower than 880 ℃, be cooled to 400 ℃ to 700 ℃ with the rate of cooling of 5-15 ℃/S and batch, air cooling is to room temperature again.
3, the production method of a kind of air corrosion resisting high strength low alloy metal according to claim 2 is characterized in that, does not need to roll postheat treatment.
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