CN1984692A - Nasal cannula - Google Patents

Abstract

An improved nasal cannula is provided. Some illustrative embodiments are a cannula comprising a first nasal tube having a device end and an aperture end (wherein the cannula is configured to place the aperture end in fluid communication with the first naris of a patient), a second nasal tubing having a device end and an aperture end (wherein the cannula is configured to place the aperture end of the second nasal tubing in fluid communication with a second naris of the patient), and an oral tubing having a device end and an aperture end, and the oral tubing mechanically coupled to at least one of the first or second nasal tubing (wherein the cannula is configured to place the aperture end of the oral tubing in fluid communication with the mouth of a patient). The first nasal tubing, the second nasal tubing and the oral tubing are fluidly independent between their aperture ends and their device ends.

Description

Nasal intubation

Technical field

Embodiments of the invention are at nasal intubation and mouth and nose intubate.

Background technology

The correlation technique intubate occurs in several modes." single chamber " intubate provides the single fluid from patient's nostril to breathing apparatus such as oxygenerator to connect.Each section pipe fluid ground that extends on patient's ear converges, such as converging under patient's the chin or behind patient's head.Therefore, in single cannula cavity, between patient and breathing apparatus, only exist single current to move the path, although in fact this intubate can have two each be respectively applied for the nasal tube in each nostril." two-chamber ", " bifurcated " or the nasal intubation that separates must have two independent flow paths, and each is respectively applied for each nostril of patient.Very similar with single cannula cavity, dual-lumen cannula can have two nasal tubes.Yet in dual-lumen cannula, can be separated into the flow path in each nostril by baffle plate or bifurcated.

The nasal intubation of arbitrary kind is very private article, and is not shared with other people usually.In fact, shared nasal intubation can cause transmitting various diseases between patient, such as pulmonary tuberculosis.The breathing apparatus that intubate connects also may cause the risk of transmission various diseases.For example, the preservation equipment of sensing patient's suction and transmission a pile treatment gas may shift between patient.Even use new nasal intubation for each patient, conservator can be carried to the next one from a patient with virus and/or antibacterial.Concerning patient's air-flow does not flow through the breathing apparatus of this equipment, this risk minimum.

Yet at least some inventors of this description have developed the relevant technology of various aspects that detects with nose and/or mouth and nose air-flow, and wherein, patient's respiratory air flow to small part flows through this breathing apparatus.For example, U.S. patent application serial number No.10/616,042, " Method andSystem For Measuring Air Flow of Nares " by name described mass flow sensor in certain embodiments as detecting the mechanism that nose and/or mouth and nose are breathed.U.S. patent application serial number No.10/697,232, by name " Method and System of Sensing Air Flow and DeliveringTherapeutic Gas to a Patient " describes mass flow sensor in certain embodiments as detecting that nose and/or mouth and nose are breathed and based on those bulk measurement delivering therapeutic gas.At last, U.S. patent application No.10/850,496, " Method and System to DetermineNasal Resistance to Air Flow " by name describes the value that the service property (quality) flow transducer is determined expression patient's asal resistance in certain embodiments.In each of these applications, the part of patient expired air-flow is by nasal intubation and carry out the breathing apparatus of these measurements.Therefore, if use breathing apparatus by a plurality of patients, they emit the risk that becomes the media that is used to transmit various viruses and/or antibacterial so.In addition, need individually measure the air-flow and/or the pressure of each spiracle by many equipment of at least some inventors exploitation of this description, but use the single chamber and/or the two-chamber nasal intubation of correlation technique, these measurement are very difficult, particularly about the measurement of mouth and nose.

Summary of the invention

By improved nasal intubation, solve above-mentioned most of problem.Some exemplary embodiments are such intubate, and it comprises: the first nose conduit (wherein, intubate be configured to make nose end to be in patient's first nostril communicate) with equipment end and nose end; The second nose conduit has equipment end and nose end (wherein, this intubate is configured to make the nose end of the second nose conduit to be in the second nostril fluid connection with patient); And mouthful conduit, having equipment end and nose end, mouthful conduit is mechanically connected at least one (wherein, intubate be configured to make the nose end of mouthful conduit to be in patient's mouth fluid be communicated with) of the first or second nose conduit.The first nose conduit, the second nose conduit and mouthful conduit fluid between their nose ends and their equipment end is independent.

Other exemplary embodiments can be intubate, comprise the first nose conduit (wherein, intubate is configured to make the patient end of the first nose conduit and patient's the first nostril fluid communication), be positioned at first pot strainer of the flow path of the first nose conduit, the second nose conduit is mechanically connected to the first nose conduit (wherein intubate is arranged such that the patient end of the second nose conduit and patient's the second nostril fluid communication), and second pot strainer that is positioned at the flow path of the second nose conduit.The first and second nose catheter fluid are independent.

Other exemplary embodiment can be the breathing air filtration device, comprise: first flow path, be connected to first chamber (first chamber to small part is limited by shell) air inlet and gas outlet, second flow path with comprising fluid, be connected to the air inlet in second chamber (second chamber to small part is limited by shell) and gas outlet, with comprising fluid at first filter of first intracavity and at second filter of second intracavity.What limit first chamber is mechanically connected to the shell that limits second chamber to the small part shell.

Disclosed equipment and method comprise makes it overcome the combination of feature and advantage of the defective of prior art equipment.Above-mentioned each characteristic and other features are being read following detailed description back and by with reference to the accompanying drawings, will become apparent to one skilled in the art.

Description of drawings

For describing each embodiment of the present invention in detail, with reference now to accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 explanation is three tubular cannula assemblies according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 explanation is the additional embodiments of three tubular cannula assemblies according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 explanation comprises the optional embodiment of dual-lumen cannula according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 illustrates non-integral filter assemblies according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 explanation non-integral filter assemblies according to an alternative embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 illustrates monolithic filter assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 illustrates in greater detail monolithic filter assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 represents along the normal cross-section view of the filter assemblies of the line 8-8 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 illustrates in greater detail the relation of nasal tube at least according to an embodiment of the invention and mouthful interface.

The specific embodiment

In the sharp requirement of following description economic rights, use some term to represent particular system component.The document does not plan to distinguish title difference rather than the different parts of function.

In following description and claim, with open mode use term " to comprise " and " by ... form ", thereby should be construed to expression " comprise, and be not limited to ... ".Simultaneously, term " connection " is used for representing direct or indirect connection.Therefore, if first equipment is connected to second equipment, this connection can be passed through directly to connect, or connects with being connected by indirect through other equipment.

Fig. 1 illustrates three tubular cannula assemblies 10, and it comprises the first nose conduit tube component 12, the second nose conduit tube component 14 and mouthful conduit tube component 16.The first nose conduit tube component 12 comprises having the nasal interface on hole or patient end or manage 20 conduit 18, and the adapter on equipment end 22.The second nose conduit tube component 14 comprises the conduit 24 of the nasal tube 26 that has on hole or patient end, and the adapter on equipment end 28.Mouth tubular assembly 16 comprises the conduit 30 of the mouth interface 32 that has on hole or patient end, and the adapter on equipment end 34.Each conduit tube component 12,14 and 16 is by their pipelines separately, provide patient interface from them (nasal tube 20,26 and mouthful interface 32) to their adapter 22,28 and 34 independence and isolated fluid flow path, in certain embodiments, this pipeline can have and approximates 1/16 inch internal diameter.

Still with reference to figure 1, nasal tube shape assembly 12 and 14 mechanically is connected near the pipe 20 and 26, although they each other liquid do not communicate.Especially, in certain embodiments, permanent dividing plate or bifurcated 36 fluid ground isolating pipelines 18 and 24.About the relation in mouth pipeline and nasal tube road, mouthful pipeline 30 trends are parallel to nasal tube road 24.According to embodiments of the invention, mouthful pipeline is such as by bonding agent, or plant equipment or a plurality of equipment that two pipelines are fixed together, the nasal tube road 24 shown in being mechanically connected to.Fig. 1 represents to hang over the mouth pipeline 30 behind patient's the left ear, and straightthrough port pipeline 30 can similarly move towards to be parallel to the nasal tube road 18 on patient's the auris dextra.Although exemplary Fig. 1 represents, nasal tube road 18 and 24 and a mouthful pipeline 30 together be focused under patient's the chin, convergent point equally can be in patient's head back (not specifically illustrating).

Exemplary three tubular cannula assemblies 10 of Fig. 1 can for example be used in independently in each the attribute of air-flow of the pneumostome measured by patient, such as the common unsettled U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.10/616 that submits on July 9th, 2003,042, described in " Method andSystem for Measuring Air Flow of Nares " by name, it is incorporated herein by reference, as reproducing in full below.Each the embodiment of these equipment of air-flow attribute that is used for patient's pneumostome at single sensing independently, three exemplary tubular cannula assemblies 10 be provided for by single, the black box 10 not seen so far in the prior art or anticipated with each mouthful fluid be connected to the facilitation body of exemplary breathing apparatus.

Fig. 2 illustrates the additional embodiments of three tubular cannula assemblies 10, the monolithic filter assembly 50 that its each inner fluid that is included in the flow path of three tubular cannula assemblies 10 connects.Especially, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, monolithic filter assembly 50 comprises first filter assemblies 52, second filter assemblies 54 and the 3rd filter assemblies 56.Each of filter assemblies can comprise microorganism and/or hydrophobic filter element.Hereinafter, with reference to figure 7, more fully discuss the exemplary embodiment of monolithic filter assembly 50.Yet Fig. 2 explanation: according at least some embodiment of the present invention, each conduit of three tubular cannula assemblies 10 comprises its own filter that fluid flow path is online, with the fluid flow path fluid independence of other conduits and other filters.The equipment (wherein, patient's breathing expiratory flow is crossed this equipment) that prevents the service property (quality) flow transducer becomes the carrier of virus and/or antibacterial, because by filter virus and/or antibacterial are remained on outside the equipment.Similarly, carry the degree of virus and/or antibacterial with regard to the exemplary equipment that links to each other with three tubular cannula assemblies 10, microbe filter guarantees that these microorganisms are not sucked by patient.

There is the attribute that does not need to measure implication stream, but still needs the situation of the protection of filter.Fig. 3 illustrates optional embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises two-chamber or the bifurcated cannula assembly with the monolithic filter assembly 62 that connects in fluid flow path.Especially, exemplary bifurcated nasal intubation comprises first pipeline 64 that connects at patient's right nostril inner fluid by nasal tube 66.Similarly, bifurcated nasal intubation 60 comprises second pipeline 68 that is connected to patient's left nostril by second nasal tube 70.Pipeline 64 and nasal tube 66 are communicated with adapter 72 fluids by first filter assemblies 74 of exemplary monolithic filter assembly 62.Similarly, second pipeline 68 and corresponding nasal tube 70 are by being second filter assemblies 78 of the part of monolithic filter assembly 62, with adapter 76 fluid communication.Each of filter assemblies 74,78 can comprise microorganism and/or hydrophobic filter element.

In the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 2 and 3, filter assemblies is shown as at the patient end of nasal intubation, equipment and the integral unit between the equipment end, and comprises adapter.Fig. 4 explanation comprises the embodiment of selection of the present invention of non-integral filter assemblies.Especially, Fig. 4 explanation is used for first filter assemblies 90, second filter assemblies 92 and the 3rd filter assemblies 94 of the situation of three tubular cannula assemblies.Fig. 4 illustrates that thus filter not necessarily needs for having the integral unit of the fluid separate chamber that comprises microorganism and/or hydrophobic filter element.And in the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 4, filter assemblies 90,92 and 94 each be shown as between the patient end and equipment end of nasal intubation.In exemplary Fig. 5, non-integral filter assemblies 90,92 and 94 can be close to adapter, is generally referenced as 96.In fact, in these embodiments, filter assemblies 90,92 and 94 each can form with their adapters separately are whole, form the equipment end of intubate thus to small part.Fig. 6 example illustrates other alternate embodiments, and wherein, monolithic filter assembly 50 can self be carried out filtered air and as the dual-use function that nasal intubation is connected to the adapter of breathing apparatus.Especially, exemplary three ports 98 of Fig. 6 can directly insert exemplary apparatus, such as the equipment of determining asal resistance, and do not need other pipeline and/or adapter.Although Fig. 4,5 and 6 represents three independently flow paths, be thus suitable for three tubular cannula assemblies 10, these descriptions are suitable for the bifurcated nasal intubation equally, such as the exemplary bifurcated intubate 60 of Fig. 3.

Forward Fig. 7 now to, discuss exemplary monolithic filter assembly 50 in more detail.Monolithic filter assembly 50 comprises three flow insulated chambeies 100,102 and 104.Be connected to the air inlet that is connected with patient each chamber fluid, and the gas outlet that is connected to checkout equipment.Yet in some cases, respiratory air flow moves into and shifts out each port, and labelling " air inlet " and " gas outlet " only are the purpose of differentiation various port.Be connected to air inlet 106 and gas outlet 108 chamber 100 fluids.Similarly, be connected to air inlet 110 and gas outlet 112 chamber 102 fluids.At last, be connected to air inlet 114 and gas outlet 116 chamber 104 fluids.According at least some embodiment of the present invention, air inlet 106,110 and 114 is coplanar.Similarly, gas outlet 108,112 and 116 is coplanar, and is parallel basically by the plane that air inlet and gas outlet limit.

The explanation of Fig. 8 example is along the cross-sectional elevational view of chamber and corresponding air inlet and the gas outlet of the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.Thus, discuss Fig. 8 about chamber 100.Yet, will appreciate that argumentation is adapted to pass through the flow path of chamber 102 and 104 equally.Especially, be connected to air inlet 106 and gas outlet 108 chamber 100 fluids.Chamber 100 is divided into two parts or division by hydrophobic and/or microbe filter 120, crosses filter 120 by the air flow stream of air inlet 106 and give vent to anger 108 (in either directions) thus.For example, during patient exhales, air-flow can move through filter assemblies in the direction shown in the arrow 130.In intake period, air-flow can be reverse.Filter 120 can be any suitable material that is used to filter dampness, antibacterial and/or virus, such as by St.Paul, Porous Media or the Maidstone of Minnesota, the filter material that the WhatmanInternational of England, Ltd. provide.Filter material 120 can remain on the appropriate location by internals 122 and 124, and each passes wherein has at least one hole 126 and 128.The hole allows air communication to cross filter.

Sometimes simultaneously with reference to figure 7 and 8, find out that the plane by filter material 120 definition can be arranged essentially parallel to the plane that is defined by air inlet.Similarly, filter material 120 can be arranged essentially parallel to the plane by gas outlet 108 definition.Strictly do not require to make filter material 120 to align in the planar plane that is arranged essentially parallel to by air inlet and gas outlet definition although implement embodiments of the invention, the thickness " T " that this alignment reduces whole assembly (Fig. 8).In certain embodiments, thickness can be 1/2 inch or littler.When the external diameter (OD) of air inlet and gas outlet 106 and 108 respectively when preferred 1/4 inch reduces, can further reduce thickness.In the patient end and embodiment equipment end between of monolithic filter assembly, for example by filter assemblies being fixed on the coat on the patient's chest existence that relatively little thickness " T " (Fig. 8) cannot not provide outstandingly for filter assemblies in its each intubate.

Fig. 9 example in more detail illustrates according to the relation of at least some embodiment nasal tubes of the present invention with mouthful interface.Especially, Fig. 9 represents right nasal tube 20, left nasal tube 26 and mouthful interface 32.As shown in Figure 1, right nasal tube 20 is in the right nostril fluid communication with patient, and left nasal tube 26 is in the left nostril fluid communication with patient, and mouthful interface 32 is in the mouth fluid communication with patient.According at least some embodiment, a pipe 20,26 and a mouthful interface 32 have the needed length of arbitrary at least patient, and then, can prune pipe and interface so that accurately cooperate each given patient.In certain embodiments, the hole of nasal tube just in time is positioned under the nostril.In other exemplary embodiment, can remove fully and/or nasal tube 20 and 26 be not provided, and in these embodiments, enter each ducted hole and can be with patient fluid be connected to the mechanism in the individual flow path of intubate.In a further embodiment, overstepping one's bounds prong conduit can extend on each ear, merges under patient's chin or behind patient's the head.

It is the example of principle of the present invention and each embodiment that above-mentioned argumentation is planned.As long as understand fully above-mentioned open, to one skilled in the art, many variations and revise and will become apparent.Intention is construed to following claim and comprises all such changes and modifications.

Claims (22)

1. intubate comprises:

First nasal tube has equipment end and nose end, and wherein, this intubate is configured to make this nose end and patient's the first nostril fluid communication;

Second nasal tube has equipment end and nose end, and wherein, this intubate is configured to make the nose end of this second nasal tube and this patient's the second nostril fluid communication; And

Mouthful pipe has equipment end and nose end, and mouthful pipe is mechanically connected to first or second nasal tube at least one, and wherein, this intubate is configured to make the nose end of this mouthful pipe and this patient's mouth fluid communication;

Wherein first nasal tube, second nasal tube and mouthful pipe they nose end and their equipment end between be fluid independently.

2. intubate as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this mouthful pipe is along the parallel connection of at least a portion of this first nasal tube.

3. intubate as claimed in claim 1 further comprises:

First filter assemblies with this first nasal tube fluid communication;

Second filter assemblies with this second nasal tube fluid communication; And

The 3rd filter assemblies that communicates with this mouthful pipe fluid.

4. intubate as claimed in claim 3, wherein, each filter has at least one functional of hydrophobic filter or microbe filter.

5. intubate as claimed in claim 3, wherein, first, second and the 3rd filter assemblies are black box.

6. intubate as claimed in claim 5 wherein, is connected between the hole and equipment end of each conduit separately this black box fluid.

7. intubate as claimed in claim 5, wherein, this black box forms the equipment end of each conduit separately.

8. intubate as claimed in claim 3 further comprises:

Wherein, this first filter assemblies forms the equipment end of this first nasal tube;

Wherein, this second filter assemblies forms the equipment end of this second nasal tube; And

Wherein, the 3rd filter assemblies forms the equipment end of this mouthful pipe.

9. intubate comprises:

First nasal tube, wherein, this intubate is configured to make the patient end of this first nasal tube and patient's the first nostril fluid communication;

First pot strainer in the flow path of first nasal tube;

Second nasal tube is mechanically connected to this first nasal tube, and wherein, this intubate is configured to make the patient end of second nasal tube and this patient's the second nostril fluid communication; And

Second pot strainer in the flow path of this second nasal tube;

Wherein this first and second nasal tubes fluid is independent.

10. intubate as claimed in claim 9, wherein, each pot strainer has at least one functional of hydrophobic filter or microbe filter.

11. intubate as claimed in claim 9 further comprises:

First shell that comprises this first filter;

Second shell that comprises this second filter;

Wherein, first and second shells mechanically connect, and form filter assemblies, and wherein, each shell fluid is independent.

12. intubate as claimed in claim 11, wherein, this filter assemblies fluid is connected each separately between the patient end and equipment end of pipeline.

13. intubate as claimed in claim 11, wherein, this filter assemblies is formed for each equipment end of pipeline separately.

14. intubate as claimed in claim 9 further comprises:

First shell in definition chamber, wherein, this first pot strainer separate chamber, and wherein this chamber and the first nasal tube fluid communication; And

Second shell in definition chamber, wherein, this second pot strainer separates the chamber of this second shell, and wherein chamber and this second nasal tube fluid communication of this second shell.

15. intubate as claimed in claim 9 further comprises:

The mouth pipe, wherein, this intubate is configured to make the patient end of mouthful pipe and patient's mouth fluid communication; And

The 3rd online microbe filter in the flow path of this second nasal tube.

16. a breathing air filtration device assembly comprises:

First flow path is connected to the air inlet and the gas outlet in first chamber with comprising fluid, and first chamber is defined by shell at least in part;

Second flow path is connected to the air inlet and the gas outlet in second chamber with comprising fluid, and second chamber is defined by shell at least in part;

At least a portion that wherein defines the shell in this first chamber is mechanically connected to the shell in this second chamber of definition;

First filter at this first intracavity; And

Second filter at this second intracavity.

17. breathing air filtration device assembly as claimed in claim 16, wherein, each filter has at least one functional of hydrophobic filter or microbe filter.

18. breathing air filtration device assembly as claimed in claim 16, wherein, breathing air filtration device arrangement of components becomes each filter is remained in the planar plane that is arranged essentially parallel to by the air inlet definition of first and second flow paths.

19. breathing air filtration device assembly as claimed in claim 16, wherein, the gas outlet of this first and second air path defines the plane, and is arranged essentially parallel to the plane that is defined by this air inlet by the plane of this gas outlet definition.

20. breathing air filtration device assembly as claimed in claim 16 further comprises:

The 3rd flow path comprises that fluid is connected to the air inlet and the gas outlet in the 3rd chamber, and the 3rd chamber is defined by shell at least in part; And

The 3rd filter at the 3rd intracavity;

Wherein, at least a portion that defines the shell in the 3rd chamber is mechanically connected to the shell of this second shell of definition.

21. breathing air filtration device assembly as claimed in claim 20, wherein, this breathing air filtration device be configured to each filter remain on be arranged essentially parallel to by this first, second and the planar plane of the air inlet of the 3rd air path definition in.

22. breathing air filtration device assembly as claimed in claim 20, wherein, definition plane, the gas outlet of first, second and the 3rd air path is arranged essentially parallel to plane by this air inlet definition by the plane of this gas outlet definition.

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