CN1981014A - Multicomponent viscoelastic surfactant fluid and method of using as a fracturing fluid - Google Patents
Multicomponent viscoelastic surfactant fluid and method of using as a fracturing fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN1981014A CN1981014A CN 200580018085 CN200580018085A CN1981014A CN 1981014 A CN1981014 A CN 1981014A CN 200580018085 CN200580018085 CN 200580018085 CN 200580018085 A CN200580018085 A CN 200580018085A CN 1981014 A CN1981014 A CN 1981014A
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- described fluid
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 ethylidene ammonio methacrylate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000278 alkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004948 alkyl aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005066 dodecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RAMJQFDMFLHQBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl-].C(C)=[NH+]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound [Cl-].C(C)=[NH+]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RAMJQFDMFLHQBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-phenylpyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound ClC1=NC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- RNYJXPUAFDFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;octadecan-1-amine;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] RNYJXPUAFDFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000417 polynaphthalene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229960003328 benzoyl peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001411 inorganic cation Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSFBJERFMQCEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylidene Chemical group [CH]CC OSFBJERFMQCEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229950004288 tosilate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USZZLTVYRPLBMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=C(O)C=C21 USZZLTVYRPLBMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJJCQDRGABAVBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 SJJCQDRGABAVBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKCLCGXPQILATA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl IKCLCGXPQILATA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPHOPMSGKZNELG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=C(O)C=CC2=C1 UPHOPMSGKZNELG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPHHJAOJUJHJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 VPHHJAOJUJHJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALKYHXVLJMQRLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Hydroxy-2-naphthoate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 ALKYHXVLJMQRLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYYMNZLORMNCKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1O NYYMNZLORMNCKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMAMQSIENGBTRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 SMAMQSIENGBTRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCJUKCIXTRWAQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 JCJUKCIXTRWAQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XABCHXCRWZBFQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 XABCHXCRWZBFQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSXKKRVQMPPAMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 FSXKKRVQMPPAMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Aminoacetate Chemical compound NCC([O-])=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-FPLPWBNLSA-M Vaccenic acid Natural products CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-FPLPWBNLSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021322 Vaccenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJXBTRZGLDTSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N amino 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)ON AJXBTRZGLDTSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUBCNYWQJHBXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid;2-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O CUBCNYWQJHBXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauric acid amide propyl betaine Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical group [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002332 oil field water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionamide Chemical compound CCC(N)=O QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940048842 sodium xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940084106 spermaceti Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012177 spermaceti Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N trans-vaccenic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZYJELPVAFJOGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN(C)C SZYJELPVAFJOGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013191 viscoelastic testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
There is a viscoelastic fluid. The fluid has one or more cationic surfactants selected from the group consisting of certain quaternary salts, certain amines, and combinations thereof; one or more anionic polymers/anionic surfactants; one or more of certain zwitterionic/amphoteric surfactants; and water. There is also a method of fracturing a subterranean formation. The viscoelastic fluid is pumped through a wellbore and into a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to fracture the formation.
Description
Background technology
1. technical field
The present invention relates to viscoelastic fluid.The invention still further relates to method with the viscoelastic fluid fracturing rock-layer underground.
2. correlation technique content
Because viscoelastic surfactant (VES) fluid has the advantage that is better than the conventional polymer system, so the VES fluid is more and more used in oilfield applications.These advantages comprise: to the petroliferous province have higher perviousness, to the stratum or undergroundly cause less destruction, after pressure break recyclable more tackifier, no longer need to reduce viscosity and easier aquation and form optimum viscosity quickly with enzyme or oxygenant.
VES fluid application and development has been subjected to preparing the inhibition of the great number cost of the required tensio-active agent of this fluid.Use another problem of VES fluidic to be that they are poor to the tolerance of organic/inorganic salt in the underground rock stratum and clay stabilizer (as Repone K and tetramethyl ammonium chloride (TMAC)).The high temperature that uses another problem of VES fluidic to be in deep well oilfield applications to be run into, that is, and up to 250 ℃.High temperature can make VES fluidic viscosity degradation, and therefore when viscoelastic surfactant existed with lower concentration, this VES fluid was invalid to fracturing operation; Otherwise just need to use the viscoelastic surfactant of high density to avoid this viscosity degradation.Use the viscoelastic surfactant of lower concentration also can after the high-shear operation, cause the undue long shear restoration time.
In the prior art, people attempt to come by the method that adds polymkeric substance and/or cosurfactant (as low-molecular-weight anionic polymer) decline of remedy breakdown in viscosity performance.Yet in these methods, the required time of shear restoration may be grown the unacceptable degree of making us, and/or may be abundant inadequately to the tolerance of organic/inorganic salt.
Therefore, people's expectation can be mixed with the VES fluid by cost effectively, that is, and and the VES fluid that the content of viscoelastic surfactant is relatively low.People also expect to have the VES fluid that organic/inorganic salt and clay stabilizer is shown height endurability.People also expect a kind of like this VES fluid in addition, and the content of its viscoelastic surfactant is relatively low, at high temperature can keep excellent viscosity characteristics and the relative higher fluid with the concentration of viscoelastic surfactant of its shear restoration performance suitable.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of viscoelastic fluid.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of viscoelastic fluid that can be used in the oilfield applications.
Thereby providing a kind of can the preparation with the tensio-active agent of relatively low level, another object of the present invention have cost-benefit viscoelastic surfactant fluids.
Another object of the present invention provide a kind of to organic/inorganic salt (as KCl, TMAC and Ca
++Ion and Mg
++Ion) has the viscoelastic fluid of height endurability.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of viscoelastic fluid that at high temperature keeps the viscosity characteristics of excellence.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of viscoelastic surfactant fluids that shows good shear restoration performance after the high-shear operation.
According to these and other objects of the present invention and advantage, provide a kind of viscoelastic fluid.This fluid contains: one or more selected cats products, one or more selected anionic polymers and/or anion surfactant, one or more selected zwitterionicss and/or amphoterics and water.
Described cats product is selected from: i) certain quaternary salt, ii) certain amine, iii) certain amine oxide, iv) and combination.
Described quaternary salt has following structural formula:
R wherein
1Be the hydrophobic parts of alkyl, alkylaryl alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylamino alkyl or alkylamidoalkyl alkyl and so on, wherein R
1Have about 12 to about 25 carbon atoms and can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated.
R
2, R
3And R
5Independently for having 1 to the aliphatic portion of about 30 carbon atoms or have the 7 aromatic series parts that arrive about 15 carbon atoms.Aliphatic portion can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated.
X is suitable balance anion, as Cl
-, Br
-And CH
3CH
3SO
4 -
Described amine has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As above definition.
Described amine oxide has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As above definition.
Described anionic polymer has about 8 to about 100 monomeric units and at least one electronegative part.Preferred sulfonated polymer.Anion surfactant has about 6 to the alkyl chain of about 18 carbon atoms and the part that at least one is electronegative.
Described zwitterionics has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As mentioned above.R
4Be that carbon chain lengths is the hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atom.
Described amphoterics has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
4As mentioned above.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method of fracturing rock-layer underground, and this method may further comprise the steps: the pressure with enough fracturing rock-layer undergrounds is pumped into viscoelastic fluid in this rock stratum by well.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates fluid of the present invention and the comparative fluid viscosity characteristics separately and the figure of the relation of temperature.
Fig. 2 illustrates fluid of the present invention and the comparative fluid viscosity characteristics separately and the figure of the relation of temperature.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
The viscoelastic feature of general meaning is known, and can be with reference to following document: S.Gravsholt, Journal of Coll.And Interface Sci., 57 (3), 575 (1976); People such as Hoffmann, " Influence of Ionic Surfactants on the ViscoelasticProperties of Zwitterionic Surfactant Solutions ", Langmuir, 8,2140-2146 (1992); With people such as Hoffmann, " The Rheological Behaviour ofDifferent Viscoelastic Surfactant Solutions ", Tenside Surf.Det., 31,389-400,1994.In these reference, understand several test methods specifically, be used to measure liquid and whether have viscoelasticity characteristic.Have been found that to can be used for determining whether the aqueous solution has a viscoelastic test and be: make solution do eddying motion, and whether visual observations exists the bubble that is produced by the vortex recoil after vortex stops.Any bubble recoil all is viscoelastic symbol.Another useful test is: to measuring storage modulus (G ') and out-of-phase modulus (G ") under the fixed temperature.If under the fixed temperature, in the scope that certain some place or some point less than about 10 radian per seconds (be generally about 0.001 to 10 radian per second, be more typically about 0.1 to about 10 radian per seconds) constitute, G '＞G ", and if G '＞10
-2Pascal (preferred 10
-1Pascal), it has been generally acknowledged that then this fluid has visco-elasticity under this temperature.Reference " Rheo1ogicalMeasurements ", Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, vol.21, the 347-372 page or leaf (the 4th edition, by the John Wiley ﹠amp that is positioned at the New York, United States New York; Sons company published in 1997) flow measurement (has been carried out discussing more fully as G ' and G ").
Visco-elasticity is to cause owing to this tensio-active agent has formed the micella different with the formed conventional spherical micelle type of most of tensio-active agents.Viscoelastic surfactant fluids forms vermiform, bar-shaped or columned micella in solution.Long columned micellar forms and can produce useful rheological property.Viscoelastic surfactant solution shows shears the characteristic that becomes alkene, even and impose multiple high-shear operation, it is stable that this solution still can keep.
The viscoelastic surfactant that can be used in the fluid of the present invention is selected zwitterionics and/or amphoterics and selected cats product.Have in the molecule of zwitterionics: always positively charged part under any pH, and under alkaline pH electronegative part.Cats product has part all positively charged under any pH.Amphoterics has positively charged part and electronegative part simultaneously in a certain pH scope (as being generally weakly acidic pH scope), in a certain pH scope (as being generally weakly alkaline pH scope), have only electronegative part and with the above-mentioned different pH scope pH scope of moderate acid (as be generally) in have only positively charged part.
Selected viscoelastic surfactant and selected polymkeric substance are used to form with the viscoelastic fluid of routine and compare the viscoelastic fluid that performance is improved.Compare with the viscoelastic fluid of routine, viscoelastic fluid of the present invention can show very high viscosity under the condition of the viscoelastic surfactant of high temperature and low levels, and can be to Ca
++Ion and clay stabilizer show higher tolerance.Compare with the viscoelastic fluid of the combination of the combination of the combination, zwitterionic/amphoteric and the selected anionic polymers that only contain selected zwitterionic/amphoteric and cats product or selected cats product and selected anionic polymers, viscoelastic fluid of the present invention shows the performance that is improved.
Cats product is selected from: i) certain quaternary salt, ii) certain amine, iii) certain amine oxide, iv) and combination.
Quaternary salt has following structural formula:
R wherein
1Hydrophobic parts for alkyl, alkylaryl alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylamino alkyl or alkylamidoalkyl alkyl and so on.R
1Have about 18 to about 30 carbon atoms, and can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated.Representational long chain hydrocarbon groups comprises vaccenic acid base (oleyl), octadecyl (stearyl), spermaceti thiazolinyl (two dodecenyl succinic) and derived from the group of fatty oil, Oleum Cocois, soya-bean oil and rape seed oil.Preferred alkyl and thiazolinyl are to have about 18 alkyl and thiazolinyls to about 22 carbon atoms.
R
2, R
3And R
5Independently for having 1 to the aliphatic group of about 30 carbon atoms or have 7 aromatic groups that arrive about 15 carbon atoms.Aliphatic group preferably has 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, more preferably has 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, most preferably has 1 to about 6 carbon atoms.Representational aliphatic group comprises alkyl, thiazolinyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl and hydroxyalkyl-polyoxyalkylene.Aliphatic group can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated.Preferred alkyl chain is methyl and ethyl.Preferred hydroxyalkyl is hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl.Preferred carboxyalkyl is acetoxyl and propionyloxy.Preferred hydroxyalkyl-polyoxyalkylene is hydroxyethyl-polyoxygenated ethylidene and hydroxypropyl-polyoxygenated propylidene.The example of aromatic series part comprises cyclic group, aryl and alkylaryl.Preferred alkylaryl is a benzyl.
X is suitable negatively charged ion, as Cl
-, Br
-(CH
3)
2SO
4 -
Representational quaternary salt with said structure comprises methyl polyoxygenated ethylidene (12-18) octadecyl ammonium chloride, methyl polyoxygenated ethylidene (2-12) cocounut oil alkyl ammomium chloride and different tridecane oxygen propyl group polyoxygenated ethylidene (2-12) ammonio methacrylate.
Amine has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As above definition.
Representational amine with said structure comprises polyoxygenated ethylidene (2-15) cocounut oil alkylamine, polyoxygenated ethylidene (12-18) tallow alkylamine and polyoxygenated ethylidene (2-15) oleyl amine.
This fluid also contains anionic polymer.Anionic polymer has about 8 to about 100 monomeric units and at least one electronegative part.Preferred sulfonated polymer.Representational anionic polymer (including but not limited to) poly naphthalene sulfonate, sulfonated polystyrene and Sulfonated Copolymer of Styrene and Maleic Anhydride.Most preferred anionic polymer is the poly naphthalene sulfonate with following structural formula:
Wherein n is about 8 to about 100 integer.The weight-average molecular weight of preferred poly naphthalene sulfonate is about 2,000 to about 20,000.
Another preferred anionic surfactants polymkeric substance is the polyalkylene sulfonates with following structural formula:
Wherein n is about 8 to about 100 integer.M is inorganic cation or organic cation, and for example alkalimetal ion or ammonium ion are as K
+, Na
+And NH
4 +
The selected anion surfactant that can be used in the viscoelastic surfactant fluids of the present invention comprises having and contains about 6 those anion surfactants to the alkyl chain of about 18 carbon atoms and at least one electronegative part.
Representational anion surfactant comprises by following structural formula and makes up represented those:
R
6—[O(EO)a(PO)b]m—SO
3 - Y
+
R
6Be selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkylaryl alkyl, arylalkyl, alkylamidoalkyl alkyl, alkylamino alkyl, wherein alkyl has about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms; Wherein aryl is represented phenyl, phenylbenzene, phenyl ether or naphthalene part; And R wherein
6The carbon atom total amount be about 18 carbon atoms at the most.Preferred R
6Be C
10To C
18Alkyl or alkylamidoalkyl alkyl.R
6Can represent octyl group, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl etc.Can use to have the surrogate that derives from natural origin that mixes carbon chain lengths, maybe can be to re-using behind the kind number of its purifying with carbon chain lengths in the minimizing alkyl.Preferred alkylamidoalkyl alkyl is cocamidopropyl propyl amide/dodecanamide propyl, oleyl amido propyl/stearyl amido propyl, octyl group amido propyl and decyl amido propyl.
M represent hydrogen, basic metal (as sodium or potassium) or-[R
7-(EO)
a(PO)
b(BO)
c]
m-O-]
q-P (O) (OM)
2
Y represents counterion, and it is preferably basic metal (as sodium or potassium), more preferably sodium; EO represents the ethyleneoxy group group; PO represents propylidene oxygen base group.BO represents butoxy radicals.Letter a, b and c are 0 to 50 integer independently, and wherein " a " is preferably 0 to 15 integer, and " b " is preferably 0 to 10 integer, and " c " is preferably 0 to 10 integer, and wherein EO, PO and BO group can mix at random and arrange or form discrete block.M " be 0 or 1." R
7" be C
8To C
18Alkylidene group.R
8Be C
8-C
18Alkyl or C
8-C
18Alkylamidoalkyl." R
9" be C
1-C
4Alkyl or Y (counterion).R
10Be C
10-C
14Alkyl." q " is 1 to about 10 integer.
The selected zwitterionics that is used for viscoelastic surfactant fluids of the present invention is represented by following structural formula:
R wherein
1As mentioned above.R
2And R
3Independently for having 1 to the aliphatic portion of about 30 carbon atoms or have the 7 aromatic series parts that arrive about 15 carbon atoms.Aliphatic portion preferably has 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, more preferably has 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, most preferably has 1 to about 6 carbon atoms.Aliphatic group can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated.Representational aliphatic group comprises alkyl, thiazolinyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl and hydroxyalkyl-polyoxyalkylene.Preferred alkyl chain is methyl and ethyl.Preferred hydroxyalkyl is hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl.Preferred carboxyalkyl is acetoxyl and propionyloxy.Preferred hydroxyalkyl-polyoxyalkylene is hydroxyethyl-polyoxygenated ethylidene or hydroxypropyl-polyoxygenated propylidene.R
4Be that carbon chain lengths is the hydrocarbyl group (as alkylidene group) of 1 to 4 carbon atom.It is methylene radical or ethylidene preferably.The example of aromatic series part comprises cyclic group, aryl and alkylaryl.The preferred aryl groups alkyl is a benzyl.
The object lesson of selected zwitterionics comprises by represented those of following structure:
R wherein
1As mentioned above.
Other representative amphoteric ionic surface active agent comprises dihydroxyethyl tallow glycine inner salt (dihydroxyethyl tallow glycinate), oleoyl amido CAB and two dodecenyl succinic amido propyl betaines.
The selected amphoterics that is used for viscoelastic surfactant fluids of the present invention is represented by following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
4As mentioned above.
The object lesson of amphoterics comprises those that following structural formula is represented:
R wherein
1As mentioned above.X
+Be with carboxylate group bonded inorganic cation (as Na
+, K
+, NH
4 +), perhaps in acidic medium hydrogen atom.
Selected zwitterionics and amphoterics are interchangeable on function, and can separately use or use separately (available) or combination with one another to use.U.S. Patent No. 6,258 discloses more instruction content to selected zwitterionics and amphoterics among 859 B1, incorporate this patent into this paper in full with way of reference.
With other composition (as anionic polymer) when being used in combination, the consumption of tensio-active agent is the amount that is enough to form viscoelastic fluid, accounts for a small part (as being less than about 50 weight %) of fluid weight usually.The total concn of selected zwitterionic/amphoteric and cats product accounts for about 0.1 weight % of fluid weight usually to about 10 weight %, be more typically about 0.1 weight % to about 5 weight %, be more typically about 0.25 weight % to about 2 weight %.The weight percentage of cats product is generally about 1 weight % to about 40 weight % in total active surfactant (not including solvent), be more typically about 3 weight % to about 20 weight %, be more typically about 5 weight % to about 20 weight % (aggregate demand with cats product among the present invention and zwitterionic/amphoteric is calculated).Because the cost height of tensio-active agent, so as possible, then expectation minimizes surfactant concentration.Most preferably be that the concentration of selected zwitterionic/amphoteric and cats product is less than 3 weight % of fluid weight.The consumption of selected anionic polymer accounts for about 0.01 weight % of fluid weight usually to about 5 weight %, is more typically about 0.05 weight % to about 3 weight %, is generally about 0.1 weight % most to 0.5 weight %.For concrete fluid systems, can determine the optimum concn of selected tensio-active agent and anionic polymer with experimental technique.
Moisture in the viscoelastic fluid of the present invention.The consumption of water be preferably account for fluid weight at least about 50 weight %.Most preferred fluid contains the water at least about 70 weight % that accounts for fluid weight.Water can derive from any source, as long as this source does not contain the pollutent of incompatible with other component of viscoelastic fluid (for example causing undesirable precipitation).Therefore, water required for the present invention needs not to be drinkable, and wherein can contain salt or contain in the oil field or near find the oil field water source in other contained material usually.
Fluid of the present invention can randomly contain one or more and be selected from following composition: organic acid, organic acid salt, inorganic salt and combination thereof.These compositions exist with less amount (as about 20 weight % of fluid weight or still less) usually.
Organic acid is generally sulfonic acid or carboxylic acid, and the anionic counter-ion of organic acid salt is generally sulfonate radical or carboxylate radical.The representative of this organic molecular species comprises multiple aromatic sulphonate and aromatic carboxylic acid salt, and as tosilate, naphthalenesulfonate, chloro-benzoic acid, Whitfield's ointment, phthalic acid etc., wherein said counterion is water miscible.Most preferably salicylate, phthalate, tosilate, sodium xylene sulfonate, hydroxyl naphthalene monocarboxylic acid salt, as 5-hydroxyl-1-naphthoic acid, 6-hydroxyl-1-naphthoic acid, 7-hydroxyl-1-naphthoic acid, 1-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid, preferred 3-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid, 5-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid, 7-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid and 1,3-dihydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid and 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid salt.Organic acid or its salt help to form the viscosity of raising usually, and this is that preferred fluid is peculiar.Though be not bound by any theory, organic acid or its salt combine with micellar and can reduce micellar aggregate curvature, and promote the formation of vermiculate glues or rod-shaped micelle thus.Organic acid or the weight concentration of its salt in viscoelastic fluid are generally about 0.1 weight % of fluid weight to about 10 weight %, are more typically about 0.1 weight % to about 7 weight %, are more typically about 0.1 weight % to about 6 weight %.
The inorganic salt that are particularly suitable for being used in the viscoelastic fluid comprise water miscible potassium, sodium or ammonium salt, as Repone K or ammonium chloride.Repone K most preferably.In addition, also can use calcium chloride, Calcium Bromide and zinc halide salts.Inorganic salt can help to form the viscosity of raising, and this is that preferred fluid is peculiar.In addition, inorganic salt can help to keep the geology that fluid will contact with it or the stability of subterranean strata.Can realize the stability (by suppressing the hydration of clay) of the stability on stratum, particularly clay with percentum or lower concentration expressed in percentage by weight level.Therefore, significant change can not take place owing to the existence of inorganic salt in fluidic density usually.If fluid density is important factor, then can use heavier inorganic salt.The weight concentration of inorganic salt in viscoelastic fluid is generally about 0.1% to about 30%, is more typically about 0.1% to about 10%, even is more typically about 0.1% to about 8%.Except that inorganic salt, perhaps, also can use organic salt (as trimethyl ammonium hydrochloride and tetramethyl ammonium chloride) as the substituting of inorganic salt.
Surrogate as organic salt and inorganic salt, or as the part surrogate that is used for this purpose, can use medium chain to arrive the alcohol (preference chain alkanol) of long-chain, the alcohol that preferably has 5 to 10 carbon atoms, maybe can use fatty alcohol ethoxylate (preferred chain triacontanol ethoxylate), preferred 12 to 16 carbon alcohol and have 1 to 6 (preferred 1-4) oxidation ethylidene unit.
Viscoelastic surfactant solution can be used as fracturing liquid or water-based hydraulic fluid.Can randomly contain gas (as air, nitrogen or carbonic acid gas) as of the fracturing fluid viscoelastic fluid, to form energized fluid or foam.
As the waterfrac treatment fluid time, viscoelastic fluid can comprise other conventional component, is used to carry out concrete desired function, prevents leak-off etc. as suppressing burn into.Can be suspended with propping agent in the fracturing liquid.Fluidic pH is generally strongly-acid (as less than about 3 pH) to weakly alkaline (as just greater than 7.0 pH to about 8.5 (more generally arriving about 8.0)) or medium basic (8.5 to about 9.5 pH according to appointment).
Viscoelastic fluid of the present invention can randomly contain the additive of known one or more other thickening materials in the industry and control leak-off, as polymkeric substance of water miscible or water dispersible (guar gum and guar derivative, xanthan gum, polyacrylamide, starch and starch derivative, derivatived cellulose, polyacrylic ester, poly-DADMAC[poly-(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)] and combination) and clay (wilkinite and attapulgite).
Viscoelastic fluid of the present invention can randomly contain the conventional surfactants/cosurfactant that is different from above-mentioned viscoelastic surfactant.This surfactants/cosurfactants can comprise the material of anionic species, cationic, nonionic class, zwitterionic classes and both sexes class.Can also contain any solvent known in the art or medium (outside dewatering) in the fluid, as rudimentary monohydroxy-alcohol, polyvalent alcohol etc.
Viscoelastic fluid of the present invention can be used in the conventional hydrofracturing method.U.S. Patent No. 5,551 discloses the available method in 516, and this patent is incorporated this paper into way of reference.In addition, reference " Oil-field Applications ", Encyclopedia of Polymer Sclenceand Engineering, the 10th volume, the 328-366 page or leaf is (by the JohnWiley ﹠amp that is positioned at the New York, New York; Sons company published in 1987) in field use and method thereof have been described, the document is also incorporated this paper into way of reference.
Waterfrac treatment is meant and impels the method for producing fluid (as oil and gas) from subterranean strata.In the waterfrac treatment process, at least enough to overcome overburden pressure and in the stratum, to trigger the crack and/or make pressure and the flow velocity of fracture propagation in the stratum, by well and resist stratal surface and inject fracturing liquid.Usually carry in the fracturing liquid and be suspended in this fracturing liquid and will be transported to propping agent in the crack, as 20-40 purpose sand, alumina, granulated glass sphere etc.Propping agent is used for preventing the closure on stratum self when pressure is removed.The crack of being filled by propping agent forms infiltration lane, and resident fluid can flow to well by this infiltration lane, is drawn out of then.Viscoelastic fluid has also obtained using widely in gravpack is handled.
Below be embodiments of the invention.These embodiment are used to illustrate the present invention, and should not regard restriction the present invention as.Except as otherwise noted, otherwise all per-cent or umber all calculate by weight.
Embodiment
Prepare fluid of the present invention, and the relation of described fluidic viscosity characteristics and temperature is tested.Viscosity characteristics is relevant with the suitability that pressure break is used.
The zwitterionics that adopts is two dodecenyl succinic amido propyl betaines (EAB).The anionic polymer that adopts is poly naphthalene sulfonate (by the polymkeric substance DAXAD 19 of Hampshire Chemical company production).The cats product that adopts is methyl polyoxygenated ethylidene octadecyl ammonium chloride (OAED) and polyoxygenated ethylidene cocounut oil alkylamine (CAEO).By mixing that all compositions is formulated together.
Fluid to following two kinds of preparations is tested, and described preparation is: the CAEO of the DAXAD 19/3.9 weight % of the EAB/3.8 weight % of 27 weight % (surplus is a solvent); OAED (surplus is a solvent) with the DAXAD 19/3.9 weight % of the EAB/3.8 weight % of 27 weight %.
In dosage of surfactant is under the condition of 2.1 weight % (activeconstituents of 0.9 weight %), and fluid shows very excellent viscosity characteristics under the temperature up to 215 , and has very excellent shear restorability (less than 15 seconds).The KCl of this system and 2 weight % (Repone K), contain 500ppm Ca
++2 weight % KCl, 0.1 weight % TMAC (trimethyl ammonium chloride) and contain 300ppm Ca
++The TMAC of 0.1 weight % all compatible.Three kinds of compositions and IPA and water is formulated together, and resulting mixture shows very excellent stability and mobile at 20 in the temperature range of 150 .
Preparation is as the listed other fluid of Fig. 1.Be formulated as follows four kinds of fluids of the present invention: I) in the KCl of 2 weight %, contain the OAED (surplus is a solvent) of DAXAD19/0.15 weight % of the EAB/0.14 weight % of 1.1 weight %; II) in the KCl of 2 weight %, contain the OAED (remaining is a solvent) of DAXAD 19/0.1 weight % of the EAB/0.14 weight % of 0.76 weight %; III) at the KCl of the 2 weight % (Ca that wherein contains 500ppm
++) in, contain the OAED (surplus is a solvent) of DAXAD 19/0.1 weight % of the EAB/0.14 weight % of 0.76 weight %; And IV) in the TMAC of 0.1 weight %, contains the OAED (surplus is a solvent) of DAXAD 19/0.1 weight % of the EAB/0.14 weight % of 0.76 weight %.The following preparation of comparative fluid: the EAB (surplus is a solvent) that in the KCl of 2 weight %, only contains 2.3 weight %.Viscosity characteristics with variation of temperature as shown in fig. 1.
Prepare another fluid of the present invention and three kinds of comparative fluid, and their viscosity characteristics is tested with variation of temperature.The following preparation of fluid of the present invention: in the KCl of 2 weight %, contain the OAED (surplus is a solvent) of DAXAD 19/0.15 weight % of the EAB/0.14 weight % of 1.1 weight %.Three kinds of following preparations of comparative fluid: I) in the KCl of 2 weight %, contain the OAED (surplus is a solvent) of the EAB/0.15 weight % of 1.1 weight %; II) in the KCl of 2 weight %, contain the DAXAD 19 (surplus is a solvent) of the EAB/O.14 weight % of 1.1 weight %; And III) in the KCl of 2 weight %, the AlkaquatDMB-451 (benzyl trialkyl ammonium chloride (benzyl triammonium chloride), by Rhodia Inc produce) (surplus is a solvent) of DAXAD 19/0.15 weight % that contains the EAB/0.14 weight % of 1.1 weight %.Viscosity characteristics with variation of temperature as shown in Figure 2.
Should be appreciated that above-mentioned explanation only is used to explain the present invention.Those skilled in the art can not depart under the condition of the present invention, draws multiple replacement scheme and alter mode.Therefore, the present invention is intended to contain all this replacement schemes, alter mode and the variation pattern in the scope that falls into appending claims.
Claims (35)
1. viscoelastic fluid, this viscoelastic fluid comprises:
One or more cats products; One or more anionic polymers; One or more zwitterionicss and/or amphoterics; And water;
Wherein said one or more cats products are selected from:
I) have the quaternary salt of following structural formula:
R wherein
1Be the hydrophobic parts of alkyl, alkylaryl alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylamino alkyl or alkylamidoalkyl alkyl and so on, wherein R
1Have about 18 to about 30 carbon atoms and can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated; R
2, R
3And R
5Be independently selected from and have 1 to the aliphatic portion of about 30 carbon atoms with have the 7 aromatic series parts to about 30 carbon atoms, wherein said aliphatic portion can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated;
Wherein X is a balance anion;
The amine that ii) has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As above-mentioned definition;
The amine oxide that iii) has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As above-mentioned definition; With
Iv) its combination;
Wherein said zwitterionics has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As mentioned above; R
4Be that carbon chain lengths is 1 to 4 hydrocarbyl group;
Wherein said amphoterics has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
4As mentioned above.
2. the described fluid of claim 1, wherein said one or more cats products are one or more quaternary salts.
3. the described fluid of claim 2, wherein said quaternary salt is a methyl polyoxygenated ethylidene octadecyl ammonium chloride.
4. the described fluid of claim 1, wherein said one or more cats products are one or more amine.
5. the described fluid of claim 1, wherein said one or more cats products are selected from methyl polyoxygenated ethylidene octadecyl ammonium chloride, methyl polyoxygenated ethylidene cocounut oil alkyl ammomium chloride and different tridecane oxygen propyl group polyoxygenated ethylidene ammonio methacrylate, polyoxygenated ethylidene cocounut oil alkylamine, polyoxygenated ethylidene tallow alkylamine and polyoxygenated ethylidene oleyl amine.
6. the described fluid of claim 4, wherein said amine is polyoxygenated ethylidene cocounut oil alkylamine.
7. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said one or more cats products are that about 1 weight % of weight of active surfactant is to about 40 weight %.
8. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said one or more cats products are that about 5 weight % of weight of active surfactant are to about 20 weight %.
9. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said one or more anionic polymers are that 0.01 weight % is to about 5 weight %.
10. the described fluid of claim 1, wherein said one or more zwitterionicss are selected from following structural formula and combination thereof:
11. the described fluid of claim 1, wherein said one or more zwitterionicss are two dodecenyl succinic pair (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonio methacrylates.
12. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said water account for described fluidic weight at least about 50 weight %.
13. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said water account for described fluidic weight at least about 70 weight %.
14. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said one or more cats products and described one or more zwitterionicss and/or amphoterics account for about 0.1 weight % of described fluidic weight to about 10 weight %.
15. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said one or more cats products and described one or more zwitterionicss and/or amphoterics account for about 0.25 weight % of described fluidic weight to about 2 weight %.
16. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said one or more cats products and described one or more zwitterionicss and/or amphoterics is less than 2 weight % of described fluidic weight.
17. the described fluid of claim 1, this fluid also comprises the component that is selected from organic acid, organic acid salt, inorganic salt and the combination thereof.
18. the described fluid of claim 17, wherein said component is selected from Repone K and trimethyl ammonium chloride.
19. the described fluid of claim 17, wherein said components contents are that about 0.1 weight % is to about 10 weight %.
20. the described fluid of claim 1, this fluid also comprises propping agent.
21. the described fluid of claim 17, this fluid also comprises propping agent.
22. the described fluid of claim 1, wherein said one or more anionic polymers have following structural formula:
Wherein n is about 8 to about 100 integer.
23. the described fluid of claim 1, wherein said one or more anionic polymers have following structural formula:
Wherein n is about 8 to about 100 integer.
24. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said one or more anionic polymers are that about 0.1 weight % is to about 5 weight %.
25. the described fluid of claim 22, the content of wherein said one or more anionic polymers are that about 0.1 weight % is to about 5 weight %.
26. the described fluid of claim 23, the content of wherein said one or more anionic polymers are that about 0.1 weight % is to about 5 weight %.
27. the described fluid of claim 1, the content of wherein said one or more cats products is that about 1 weight % of the weight of active surfactant arrives about 40 weight %, the content of wherein said anionic polymer accounts for about 0.1 weight % of described fluidic weight to about 5 weight %, the content of wherein said water accounts for about 50 weight % of described fluidic weight, the content of wherein said one or more cats products and described one or more zwitterionicss and/or amphoterics accounts for about 0.1 weight % of described fluidic weight to about 10 weight %, described fluid also comprises and is selected from organic acid, organic acid salt, inorganic salt, and the component in the combination, wherein this components contents accounts for about 0.1 weight % of described fluidic weight to about 10 weight %.
28. the described fluid of claim 1, wherein R
1For having about 18 to the alkyl or alkenyls of about 22 carbon atoms, and R wherein
2, R
3And R
5Have about 1 independently of one another to about 6 carbon atoms.
29. the described fluid of claim 24, wherein R
1For having about 18 to the alkyl or alkenyls of about 22 carbon atoms, and R wherein
2, R
3And R
5Have about 1 independently of one another to about 6 carbon atoms.
30. a viscoelastic fluid, this viscoelastic fluid comprises:
One or more cats products; One or more anion surfactants, this anion surfactant have alkyl chain and at least one electronegative part, and wherein said alkyl chain has about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms; One or more zwitterionicss and/or amphoterics; And water;
Wherein said one or more cats products are selected from:
I) have the quaternary salt of following structural formula:
R wherein
1Be the hydrophobic parts of alkyl, alkylaryl alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylamino alkyl or alkylamidoalkyl alkyl and so on, wherein R
1Have about 18 to about 30 carbon atoms and can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated; R
2, R
3And R
5Be independently selected from and have 1 to the aliphatic portion of about 30 carbon atoms with have the 7 aromatic series parts to about 30 carbon atoms, wherein said aliphatic portion can be side chain or straight chain and saturated or undersaturated;
Wherein X is a balance anion;
The amine that ii) has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As above-mentioned definition;
The amine oxide that iii) has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As above-mentioned definition; With
Iv) its combination;
Wherein said zwitterionics has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
3As mentioned above; R
4Be that carbon chain lengths is 1 to 4 hydrocarbyl group;
Wherein said amphoterics has following structural formula:
R wherein
1, R
2And R
4As mentioned above.
31. having, the described fluid of claim 30, wherein said anion surfactant be selected from following structural formula and combination thereof:
R
6-[O(EO)a(PO)b]m-SO
3 - Y
+
R
6-[O(EO)a(PO)b]m-CH
2-C(O)-O
- Y
+
R wherein
6Be selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkylaryl alkyl, arylalkyl, alkylamidoalkyl alkyl, alkylamino alkyl, wherein said alkyl has about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms, wherein said aryl is represented phenyl, phenylbenzene, phenyl ether or naphthalene part, and R wherein
6The carbon atom total amount be about 18 carbon atoms at the most; Wherein M be selected from hydrogen, basic metal and-[R
7-(EO)
a(PO)
b(BO)
c]
m-O-]
q-P (O) (OM)
2Wherein Y represents counterion; Wherein EO is the ethyleneoxy group group; Wherein PO is a propylidene oxygen base group; Wherein BO represents butoxy radicals; Wherein EO, PO and BO group can mix at random and arrange or form discrete block; Wherein a, b and c are 0 to 50 integer independently; Wherein " m " is 0 or 1; " R wherein
7" be C
8To C
18Alkylidene group; R wherein
8Be C
8To C
18Alkyl or C
8To C
18Alkylamidoalkyl; " R wherein
9" be C
1To C
4Alkyl or Y; R wherein
10Be C
4To C
8Alkyl; And wherein " q " is 1 to about 10 integer.
32. the described fluid of claim 30, this fluid also comprise the component that is selected from organic acid, organic acid salt, inorganic salt and the combination thereof.
33. the described fluid of claim 32, this fluid also comprises propping agent.
34. the method for a fracturing rock-layer underground, this method may further comprise the steps: the pressure with enough fracturing rock-layer undergrounds is pumped into viscoelastic fluid in this rock stratum by well, and wherein said viscoelastic fluid is a viscoelastic fluid according to claim 1.
35. the method for a fracturing rock-layer underground, this method may further comprise the steps: the pressure with enough fracturing rock-layer undergrounds is pumped into viscoelastic fluid in this rock stratum by well, and wherein said viscoelastic fluid is a viscoelastic fluid according to claim 30.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57612404P | 2004-06-02 | 2004-06-02 | |
| US60/576,124 | 2004-06-02 | ||
| US11/141,853 | 2005-06-01 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1981014A true CN1981014A (en) | 2007-06-13 |
Family
ID=38131560
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200580018085 Pending CN1981014A (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-06-02 | Multicomponent viscoelastic surfactant fluid and method of using as a fracturing fluid |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102851016A (en) * | 2012-10-14 | 2013-01-02 | 东北石油大学 | Carboxy-lycine amphoteric surfactant for oil displacement and preparation method thereof |
| CN101585775B (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2013-11-27 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Clay stabilizer, preparing method and application thereof |
| CN106905947A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of displacement of reservoir oil fracturing fluid and preparation method and application |
| CN111886317A (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2020-11-03 | 罗地亚经营管理公司 | Gelled fluids and related methods of use |
-
2005
- 2005-06-02 CN CN 200580018085 patent/CN1981014A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101585775B (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2013-11-27 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Clay stabilizer, preparing method and application thereof |
| CN102851016A (en) * | 2012-10-14 | 2013-01-02 | 东北石油大学 | Carboxy-lycine amphoteric surfactant for oil displacement and preparation method thereof |
| CN106905947A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of displacement of reservoir oil fracturing fluid and preparation method and application |
| CN111886317A (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2020-11-03 | 罗地亚经营管理公司 | Gelled fluids and related methods of use |
| CN111886317B (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2023-04-28 | 罗地亚经营管理公司 | Gelled fluid and associated methods of use |
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