CN1978602A - Lubricant composition - Google Patents

Abstract

There is disclosed a salt of a sulfur-containing, phosphorus-containing compound. There is also disclosed a method of making the salt.

Description

Lubricant compositions

Related application

The application requires to enjoy the right of priority that the applying date is the U.S. Provisional Application number 60/734,757 on November 9th, 2005.

Invention field

The present invention relates to a kind of composition, it contains ester; Viscosity index improver; And at least a in the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing and the salt thereof.The method of using said composition is also disclosed.

Background technology

Lubricant compositions, such as gear oil, stand high temperature usually and should be provided at valuably thus under the comparatively high temps not can premature decomposition heat-stable compound.Therefore, heat-stable compound will be retained in for a long time in the lubricant compositions and provide such as character such as wear-resisting for said composition for a long time.Required is to have suitable thermostability to keep the compound of its wear-resisting property.

Yet, because constantly making, the automaker has the more more truck of high-power engine, the amount of axletree moment of torsion constantly increases.Unfortunately, because the restriction of cost is not upgraded these truck axles to adapt to the moment of torsion of increase.Therefore, manufacturers depends on more and improves lubricant compositions to prolong the life-span of axletree, and this is the most cheap method of dealing with problems.Especially, required is has the lubricant compositions of one of wear-resisting, thermally-stabilised and oxidative stability of improvement so that axletree " pure and fresh " does not promptly have breakage in certain hour or distance at least for axletree.Yet, need to make it stand the lubricant compositions of low temperature and high temperature and various road conditions as the above-mentioned axletree that can be used for.In addition, need to provide at least a lubricant compositions that improves in wear resistance and the fuel effectiveness.

The invention brief introduction

According to this paper, lubricant compositions can contain ester; Viscosity index improver; And have at least a in the salt of P contained compound of the P contained compound of sterically hindered sulfur-bearing and this sulfur-bearing.

This lubricant compositions a kind of preferred embodiment in, the viscosity of wherein said ester under 100 ℃ is less than or equal to about 2cSt.

In another preferred embodiment of this lubricant compositions, wherein said ester is formula RCO ₂R ¹Ester, wherein R comprises alkyl and the R that contains about 9 carbon atoms of the 4-that has an appointment ¹Comprise the alkyl that contains about 15 carbon atoms of the 4-that has an appointment.

This lubricant compositions another preferred embodiment in, wherein said ester comprises at least a in following: 2 ethyl hexanoic acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, the different monooctyl ester of 2 ethyl hexanoic acid, 2 ethyl hexanoic acid 2-ethylhexyl, enanthic acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, isovaleric acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, the different monooctyl ester of enanthic acid, valeric acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, the different monooctyl ester of isovaleric acid, the different monooctyl ester of valeric acid, valeric acid monooctyl ester, valeric acid ester in the ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, valeric acid ester in the last of the ten Heavenly stems, octyl beptoate, enanthic acid ester in the ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, enanthic acid ester in the last of the ten Heavenly stems and composition thereof.

Also having of this lubricant compositions a kind of preferred embodiment in, wherein said viscosity index improver is a polyalphaolefin.The viscosity of more preferably wherein said polyalphaolefin under 100 ℃ is the about 1000cSt of about 40-.

On the one hand, disclose a kind of lubricant compositions, it contains ester; Viscosity index improver; And the reaction product of sulfocompound, P contained compound and nitrogenous compound.

Other purpose and the advantage of this paper will be set forth hereinafter, and/or can know according to the practice of this paper.Purpose and the advantage of this paper can is familiar with and hold to key element that particularly points out in claims according to appendix and combination.

Be interpreted as aforementioned general describe and following detailed description all to be exemplary and only to be in order explaining but not for the restriction of this paper, as requested.

The explanation of embodiment

As used herein, term " hydrocarbyl substituent " or " alkyl " use its common implication, and this is conventionally known to one of skill in the art.Particularly, it is meant and has carbon atom that is directly connected in the molecule rest part and the group that mainly has the hydrocarbon characteristic.The example of alkyl comprises:

(1) hydrocarbon substituent, promptly, aliphatics (as, alkyl or alkenyl), alicyclic (as, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl group) substituting group, and aromatic series-, the aromatic substituents of aliphatics-and alicyclic-replace, and the cyclic substituents of ring wherein by molecule other parts closure (as, two substituting groups form alicyclic group together);

(2) hydrocarbon substituent of Qu Daiing, promptly, the substituting group that comprises non-alkyl, in the context of the present invention its do not change prevailing hydrocarbon substituent (as, halogen (especially chlorine and fluorine), hydroxyl, alkoxyl group, sulfydryl, alkyl thiol, nitro, nitroso-group and sulfuryl (sulfoxy));

(3) assorted substituting group although promptly mainly have the hydrocarbon characteristic, in the context of the present invention, comprises the substituting group of non-carbon in ring that should be made of carbon atom or chain.Heteroatoms comprises sulphur, oxygen, nitrogen, and comprises substituting group such as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl.Usually, in this alkyl, in per 10 carbon atoms existence is no more than two and for example is no more than a non-hydrocarbon substituent; Typically, in this alkyl, there is not non-hydrocarbon substituent.

As used herein, term " weight percent " unless clearly statement is arranged in addition, means the per-cent of the whole composition weight of described ingredients constitute.

On the one hand, provide a kind of composition, it is a gear, provides at least a character in the wear resistance improved and the fuel efficiency such as the hypoid gear wheel shaft, keeps the performance of GL-5 and/or SAE J2360 simultaneously.Thereby said composition can contain some compounds and/or component to be had the sterically hindered compound and prevents that compound from high temperature decomposing and/or this decomposition is minimized to form on the spot.Sterically hindered can the existence by any way is such as existing with the hydrocarbon chain branch.For example, β is branched has sterically hindered acid dialkyl phosphite and/or vulcanized similar phosphoric acid ester can be present in the disclosed composition.It is believed that not to be subject to any theory, for straight chain and side chain phosphorous acid ester, have sterically hindered P contained compound; P contained compound with sterically hindered sulfur-bearing; And/or the salt with P contained compound of sterically hindered sulfur-bearing can improve ASTM D5704 (L60) performance of lubricant compositions.This lubricant compositions can share such as paper, steel or carbon fiber aptly with any braided material.

Composition disclosed herein can contain P contained compound, such as phosphorous acid ester or phosphoric acid ester.The known method for preparing phosphorous acid ester and phosphoric acid ester.On the one hand, phosphorous acid ester can be phosphorous acid two-or three-hydrocarbyl carbonate.Each alkyl can have about 24 carbon atoms of about 1-, or about 18 carbon atoms of 1-, or about 8 carbon atoms of about 2-.Each alkyl can be alkyl, alkenyl, aryl and composition thereof independently.When alkyl was aryl, it comprised at least about 6 carbon atoms; Or about 18 carbon atoms of about 6-.Alkyl or alkenyl for example comprise propyl group, butyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl group, oil base, inferior oil base, stearyl etc.Aryl for example comprises phenyl, naphthyl, heptyl phenol etc.On the one hand, each alkyl can be methyl, propyl group, butyl, amyl group, hexyl, heptyl, oil base or phenyl independently, for example methyl, butyl, oil base or phenyl, and further for example be methyl, butyl, oil base or phenyl.

The limiting examples of useful phosphorous acid ester comprises phosphonic acids hydrogen dibutyl ester, phosphonic acids hydrogen diisobutyl ester, phosphonic acids hydrogen two oil base esters, phosphonic acids hydrogen two (C _14-18) ester, tricresyl phosphite phenylester, phosphorous acid dialkyl ester such as formula (I) compound and polymeric phosphorous acid ester such as following formula (IV) compound:

With

Wherein n is the integer of about 1-about 5; And

R wherein ¹, R ², R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵, R ⁶, R ¹⁰And R ¹¹Hydrogen, cyano group be can independently be selected from and about 30 carbon atoms of the 1-that has an appointment, for example about 20 carbon atoms of about 1-, the further alkyl of about 10 carbon atoms of for example about 1-contained.On the one hand, if n is the integer greater than about 5, it is believed that not to be subject to any concrete theory that repeating unit will be by complete cure.

On the one hand, in formula (I) compound, R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵And R ⁶Can be hydrogen; And R ¹And R ²It can be methyl.This compound typically refers to phosphorous acid DOPCP (NPGP) and the registration number in the chemical abstracts a collection of selected materials is CAS#4090-60-2 (5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-two oxa-s phospha cyclohexane-2-ketone).On the one hand, in formula (IV) compound, R ¹And R ²It can be methyl; R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵And R ⁶Can be hydrogen; And R ¹⁰And R ¹¹It can be alkyl with about 6 carbon atoms of about 1-.

P contained compound also can be at least a in following: the reaction product of the ester of phosphoric acid or its salt, phosphorus acid or anhydride and unsaturated compound and two or more mixture.

By making the reaction of metal base and at least a thiophosphoric acid can prepare the phosphorodithioic acid metal-salt, wherein thiophosphoric acid can be single-or phosphorodithioic acid.

The phosphorus acid or anhydride can react with unsaturated compound, and unsaturated compound includes but not limited to acid amides, ester, acid, acid anhydrides and ether.

On the one hand, P contained compound can contain multiple functional group to increase the sterically hindered of compound and to improve its opposing pyrolysated ability thus such as phosphorous acid ester.On the one hand, P contained compound can be at the β position of hydrocarbon chain Sauerstoffatom branch.The branch that it is believed that this β position can change, and, can improve the thermostability of P contained compound in the lubricant compositions that is.

In addition, can use the sterically hindered component of increase gained compound to prepare P contained compound.For example, for example being used to make respectively, the alcohol of phosphorous acid ester can be β-branched alcohol.The limiting examples of β branch alcohol comprises isopropylcarbinol, 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol, neopentyl glycol, neopentyl alcohol, Cetorhinus maximus alkanol (pristanol) and methyl-isobutyl Trivalin SF (MIBC).

Disclosed P contained compound can be used as starting raw material to obtain the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing.On the one hand, sulfocompound can mix with aforesaid P contained compound and nitrogenous compound, fusion and/or reaction to be to obtain the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing.On the one hand, related to the composition that contains P contained compound, nitrogenous compound and sulfocompound reaction product.Compare with the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing not, the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing can provide the wear-resisting property of improvement.

Sulfocompound can be any compound that contains free and/or active sulphur.The limiting examples of sulfocompound comprises sulfurized animal or plant fat or oily, sulfurized animal or plant fatty acid ester, the ester of the esterification wholly or in part of trivalent or pentavalent phosphoric acid, sulfurized alkene, two hydrocarbon polysulfides, sulfurized Diels-Alder affixture, the sulfurized Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), the sulfuration of fatty acid ester or single unsaturated olefin or covulcanization mixture, lipid acid, the covulcanization adulterant of fatty acid ester and alpha-olefin, the two hydrocarbon polysulfides that sense replaces, thioaldehydes, thioketones and derivative thereof (as, acid, ester, imines or lactone), the table thio-compounds, the acetal derivant of sulfur-bearing, the covulcanization adulterant of terpenes and non-ring olefin, polysulfide olefin product and elementary sulfur.

On the one hand, by making alkene can prepare sulfocompound such as iso-butylene and reaction of Salmon-Saxl.This product, as sulfurized iso-butylene or sulfurized polyisobutene, it is about 55% that common sulphur content is about 10-, about 50% weight of for example about 30-.Multiple other alkene or unsaturated hydrocarbons can be used for forming such sulfocompound such as isobutene dimer or trimer.

On the one hand, the polysulfide that is made of one or more compounds is by formula R ²⁰-S _X-R ²¹Expression, wherein R ²⁰And R ²¹Can be alkyl, it can contain about 18 carbon atoms of the 3-that has an appointment separately, and x can further for example can be 3 also in about 2-about 5 for example in about 8 scopes of about 2-.Alkyl can for broad variety such as alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl.Can use the tertiary alkyl polysulfide such as the di-t-butyl trisulphide (as, main or fully by three, four and the mixture that constitutes of pentasulfide).The example of the two hydrocarbon polysulfides that other is useful comprises diamyl polysulfide, dinonyl polysulfide, two (dodecyl) polysulfide and dibenzyl polysulfide.

Whenever the amount P contained compound can use equivalent at least or more the sulfocompound of a large amount to obtain the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing.On the one hand, can use the sulfocompound of about 1.5 molar equivalents of about 1-.

In final lubricant compositions,, also can there be the about 10wt.% of about 0.5wt.%-, for example about 6wt.% of about 2-and the further sulfocompound of about 5wt.% for example with respect to the gross weight of final lubricant compositions.

As above open, can there be nitrogenous compound in the disclosed composition.On the one hand, can use P contained compound and/or its similar salt of nitrogenous compound to obtain sulfur-bearing.In addition, following open, on the other hand, nitrogenous compound can make up with acid, and wherein at least a acid and nitrogenous compound are friction modifiers.In addition, following open, on the other hand, nitrogenous compound can be a dispersion agent and can be randomly by boration and/or phosphorylation.

Nitrogenous compound can be a nitrogenous compound arbitrarily, such as structure R ³CONR ⁴R ⁵Acid amides, R wherein ³, R ⁴And R ⁵Can be hydrogen or alkyl or the structure that comprises about 30 carbon atoms of about 1-independently of one another The acid amides of ethoxylation

Wherein, the summation of x and y can be that about 1-is about 50, and for example about 1-is about 20, and further for example is about 1-about 10.On the one hand, work as R ³, R ⁴And R ⁵When being alkyl, they comprise about 18 carbon atoms of about 1-and about 6 carbon atoms of for example about 1-.

Work as R ³The time hydrogen and R ⁴And R ⁵When being alkyl, nitrogenous compound is the dialkyl methane amide.The limiting examples of useful herein dialkyl methane amide can comprise: dimethyl formamide, diethylformamide, dipropyl methane amide, methylethyl methane amide, dibutyl formamide, methyl butyl methane amide, ethyl-butyl methane amide, two oil base methane amides, distearyl methane amide, didecyl methane amide, two (tridecyl) methane amide, decyl tridecyl methane amide, decyl oil base methane amide, tridecyl oil base methane amide, or the like.

Work as R ³Be alkyl and R ⁴And R ⁵When all being hydrogen, nitrogenous compound is uncle's hydrocarbyl amide.The limiting examples of uncle's hydrocarbyl amide can comprise ethanamide, propionic acid amide, butyramide, valeramide, laurylamide, myristic amide and palmitic amide.Some commercially available simple fatty acids acid amides can be available from Armak company: theobroma oil acid amides, kemanide S, h-tallow acyl amine, oleylamide and 13-docosane acid amides.

Work as R ³And R ⁴All be alkyl and R ⁵When being hydrogen, nitrogenous compound is the acid amides that N-replaces.The limiting examples of the acid amides that N-replaces can comprise N-methylacetamide, N-ethyl acetamide, N-methylpent acid amides, N-propyl group laurylamide, N-methyl oleylamide and N-butyl stearylamide.

Work as R ³, R ⁴And R ⁵When all being alkyl, nitrogenous compound is N, the N-disubstituded amide.N, the limiting examples of N-disubstituded amide can comprise N, dinethylformamide, N-methyl-N-ethyl acetamide, N, N-diethyl propionic acid amide, N, N-dibutyl valeramide, N, N-diethyl stearylamide and N, N-dimethyl oleylamide.

Other limiting examples of nitrogenous compound comprises N, N-two (2-hydroxyethyl) dodecane acid amides, N, N-two (2-hydroxyethyl) coconut fatty acid acid amides, N, N-two (2-hydroxyethyl) oleylamide, N-2-hydroxyethyl coconut monoethanolamide and N-2-hydroxyethyl stearylamide.

On the one hand, the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing can be formula (II) and (V) at least a:

Wherein n is the integer of about 1-about 5; And

R wherein ¹, R ², R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵, R ⁶, R ¹⁰And R ¹¹Can independently be selected from hydrogen, cyano group and contain about 30 carbon atoms of the 1-that has an appointment/about 20 carbon atoms of for example about 1-/and the alkyl of about 10 carbon atoms of further for example about 1-.

On the one hand, in formula (II), R ¹And R ²It can be methyl; And R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵And R ⁶Can be hydrogen.On the other hand, in formula V, R ¹And R ²It can be methyl; R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵And R ⁶Can be hydrogen; And R ¹⁰And R ¹¹It can be the alkyl that contains about 6 carbon atoms of the 1-that has an appointment.

Disclosed composition can contain the salt of the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing.On the one hand, can prepare salt by following method: (a) provide P contained compound, sulfocompound and nitrogenous compound such as acid amides; And (b) provide the P contained compound of gained sulfur-bearing and other nitrogenous compound such as amine to obtain salt.On the other hand by providing P contained compound, sulfocompound and nitrogenous compound can prepare salt such as amine.

With respect to unvulcanized phosphorous acid DOPCP, sulfurized phosphorous acid DOPCP and/or its salt can improve wear resistance.

Disclosed method can comprise the use solvent.Solvent can be any inert flowing material, therein at least a reactant of solubilized or solubilized product.Its non-limiting instance comprises that benzene,toluene,xylene, normal hexane, hexanaphthene, petroleum naphtha (naphtha), Anaesthetie Ether Trivalin SF, dibutyl ether dioxane, benzyl chloride, oil of mirbane, tetracol phenixin, chloroform, base oil become liquid and polyalphaolefin and handling oil such as gas.

On the one hand, nitrogenous compound helps to neutralize and is present in any acid in the disclosed composition.Can use oil-soluble any nitrogenous compound.In addition, the limiting examples of nitrogenous compound can comprise acid amides, amine and pyridine.On the one hand, nitrogenous compound can be an amine, and it can be primary, the second month in a season or tertiary amine.

On the one hand, alkylamine can be the uncle's alkylamine that contains about 30 carbon atoms of the 4-that has an appointment in the alkyl and for example contain about 20 carbon atoms of the 8-that has an appointment in the alkyl.Alkyl can be saturated or unsaturated.The illustrative example of the saturated amine of uncle is those amine that are called as the aliphatics primary aliphatic amine.Typical aliphatic amide can comprise that alkylamine is such as normal hexyl Amine, n-octyl amine, n-Decylamine, positive amino dodecane, positive tetradecy lamine, positive pentadecyl amine, positive cetylamine, positive stearylamine (stearylamine) etc.Can obtain these primary amine with distillation or technical grade.Although the distillation level can provide purer reaction product, with amine reaction also can formation acid amides and the inferior acid amides of technical grade.The blended aliphatic amide also suits.

On the one hand, the amine salt of disclosed compound can derive from the uncle's Armeen that has at least 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl.In most of the cases, they can derive from and have the alkylamine that is less than about 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl.

Usually, uncle's fat primary amine is the monoamine that following formula is represented

R wherein ¹, R ²And R ³Can be identical or different and can be the alkyl that comprises about 30 carbon atoms of about 1-.Such amine for example is TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, uncle's hexylamine, 1-methyl isophthalic acid-amino-hexanaphthene, uncle's octyl group primary amine, uncle's decyl primary amine, uncle's dodecyl primary amine, uncle's tridecyl primary amine, uncle's hexadecyl primary amine, uncle's octadecyl primary amine, uncle's 24 primary amine and uncle's two primary octadecylamines.

The mixture of amine also goes for the purpose of this paper.This type of amine mixt for example can be C ₈-C ₁₆The mixture of primary t-alkyl-amine and C ₁₄-C ₂₄The similar mixtures of primary t-alkyl-amine.Therefore known primary t-alkyl-amine of those of ordinary skills and their preparation method needn't further discuss.Primary t-alkyl-amine is applicable to the purpose of this paper, and their preparation method is described in U.S. Patent number 2,945, in 749, therefore incorporates its instruction by reference into.

The primary amine that contains ethylenic unsaturated bond in the hydrocarbon chain is also very suitable.Thus, depending on chain length, R ' and R " base can comprise at least one ethylenic unsaturated bond, is no more than a two key usually in per 10 carbon atoms.Exemplary amine is dodecylene amine, myristyl oleyl amine (myristoleylamine), palmityl oleyl amine, oleyl amine and inferior oleyl amine (linoleylamine).

Secondary amine comprises the dialkylamine with two abovementioned alkyls, comprise fatty secondary amine, also comprise the mixing dialkylamine, wherein R ' can be aliphatic amide and R " can be low alkyl group (1-9 carbon atom) such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, sec.-propyl, butyl etc., or R " can be to contain other alkyl non-reacted or polar substituent (CN, alkyl, carboxyl, acid amides, ether, thioether, halogen, sulfoxide, sulfone).That the fat polyamine diamines can comprise is single-or two-alkyl diamine, symmetry or asymmetric quadrol, propylene diamine (1,2 or 1,3), and above-mentioned polyamine analogs.Suitable fatty polyamines comprises N-cocoa-1,3-diaminopropanes, N-soybean alkyl trimethylene diamines, N-tallow-1,3-diaminopropanes and N-oil base-1,3-diaminopropanes.

On the one hand, nitrogenous compound can provide with the amount whenever amount P contained compound about 0.05-about 2 and about 1.5 molar equivalents of for example about 1-.

The P contained compound of sulfur-bearing and/or its salt can be formed respectively, are added into then in lubricated or the functional fluid compositions.Alternatively, when P contained compound such as disclosed phosphorous acid ester and other component fusion, mix and/or react when forming lubricated or functional fluid compositions, can form P contained compound and/or its salt of sulfur-bearing.

The salt of the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing can be oil-soluble, that is, the hydrocarbon chain of salt can sufficiently long such as six carbon atom is long at least, make resulting composition dissolve in the composition prepared.The adding hydrophobic group can be increased in the solvability in the nonpolar medium.The limiting examples of the P contained compound salt of sulfur-bearing comprises diisobutyl thiophosphoric acid C _8-16Primary t-alkyl-amine salt and neopentyl glycol thiophosphoric acid C _8-16Primary t-alkyl-amine salt.On the other hand, the salt of the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing can be to show down at least a in the compound.

Wherein n is the integer of 1-5; And

R wherein ¹, R ², R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵, R ⁶, R ⁷, R ⁸, R ⁹, R ¹⁰And R ¹¹Hydrogen, cyano group be can independently be selected from and about 30 carbon atoms of the 1-that has an appointment, the alkyl of about 20 carbon atoms of about 1-and about 10 carbon atoms of further for example about 1-for example contained.On the one hand, in formula (VI), R ¹And R ²It can be methyl; R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵, R ⁶, R ⁷And R ⁸Can be hydrogen; R ⁹Can be uncle C _12-14Alkyl; And R ¹⁰And R ¹¹It can be the alkyl that contains about 6 carbon atoms of the 1-that has an appointment.On the one hand, in formula (III), R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵, R ⁶, R ⁷And R ⁸Can be hydrogen; R ¹And R ²It can be methyl; And R ⁹Can be uncle C _12-14Alkyl.A kind of preferred embodiment in, the R in its Chinese style (VI) ¹, R ², R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵, R ⁶, R ⁷And R ⁸Be hydrogen; R ⁹Be uncle C _12-14Alkyl; And R ¹⁰And R ¹¹It is the alkyl that contains about 6 carbon atoms of the 1-that has an appointment.

On the one hand, the salt of the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing can be present in the lubricant compositions with any amount, as long as it can provide one of following: reduce the reciprocal processing property of high frequency, use in the axletree efficiency test cooling and lower the temperature in simulation trailer wear testing in simulation.For example, with respect to the lubricant compositions gross weight, there are the about 10wt.% of about 0.1-, for example about 8wt.% of about 0.3-and the further salt of the about 6wt.% of for example about 0.3-.

Disclosed composition can further contain acid and nitrogenous compound, and at least a in wherein said acid and the nitrogenous compound is friction modifier.Friction modifier is understood that to contain the compound of about 24 carbon atoms of 10-of having an appointment.On the one hand, said composition can contain acid and the nitrogenous compound that improves friction.On the other hand, said composition can contain acid and improve the nitrogenous compound of friction, and preferably, this nitrogenous compound is C _8-16Primary t-alkyl-amine.On the other hand, said composition contains acid that improves friction and the nitrogenous compound that improves friction.

The acid that is used for disclosed composition can be at least a in following: organic carboxyl acid, organic phosphoric acid, organic sulfonic acid, inorganic phosphate or its mixture.On the one hand, organic carboxyl acid can be a straight or branched, saturated or undersaturated, and can contain about 40 of the 5-that has an appointment, about 24 carbon atoms of about 10-for example.Organic carboxyl acid can be aliphatic.The limiting examples of carboxylic acid comprises octylenic acid, Unimac 5680, stearic acid and composition thereof.

On the one hand, acid can be organic phosphoric acid, such as above-mentioned those acid, dialkyl group phosphoric acid, single alkyl phosphonic acid, dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid, monoalkyl phosphorodithioic acid, dialkyl group thiophosphoric acid, monoalkyl thiophosphoric acid and composition thereof.The limiting examples of phosphoric acid can comprise acid phosphoric acid amyl group ester, acid phosphoric acid 2-(ethyl hexyl) ester, dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid and composition thereof.

Described acid can be identical or different with above-mentioned phosphoric acid.In addition, the nitrogenous compound in the disclosed composition can be with above-mentioned to contain nitrogen mixture identical or different, and it can be used for preparing P contained compound and/or its analogue of sulfur-bearing.

On the one hand, described acid can be at least a in acid phosphoric acid amyl group ester and the acid phosphoric acid 2-(ethyl hexyl) ester, and containing nitrogen mixture can be oleyl amine.

Lubricant compositions disclosed herein can contain two kinds of different nitrogenous compounds.On the one hand, this compound can contain straight chain amine such as oleyl amine and chain amine such as C _11-14Primary t-alkyl-amine.These amine can be present in the lubricant compositions with a certain amount of separately, as long as the total weight percent of amine is about 5 for about 0.1-, further for example about 0.3-about 2 and the about 0.9wt.% of further for example about 0.4-.

A kind of preferred embodiment in, lubricant compositions of the present invention further contains synthetic base oil.Preferably should contain polyalphaolefin by synthetic base oil.Preferably, wherein the viscosity index of the combination of synthetic base oil, viscosity index improver and ester is about 200 or higher.

In another preferred embodiment, lubricant compositions of the present invention further contains gas and becomes liquid.

The base oil that is applicable to the preparation present composition comprises any synthetic oil.On the one hand, base oil can contain just like the polyalphaolefin described on March 17th, the 2005 laid-open U.S. Patents application number 2005/0059563.On the other hand, base oil can contain base oil composition, comprising low viscosity base stock, ester and viscosity index rising agent.The viscosity index of this base oil composition can be greater than or equal to 200, for example is greater than or equal to 220, further for example is greater than or equal to 240, further for example is greater than or equal to 260, further for example is greater than or equal to 280.In addition, it also is suitable deriving from the oil that gas becomes the liquid process.

Base oil can account for main amount, and wherein " main amount " is understood that to be greater than or equal to 30%, for example is about 80 per-cents of about 40-of lubricant compositions weight.

The limiting examples of synthetic base stock comprise hydrocarbon ils such as the alkene of polymeric and copolymerization (as, polybutene, polypropylene, propylene butene multipolymer etc.); Polyalphaolefin; Alkylbenzene (as, dodecylbenzene, tetradecyl benzene, two-nonyl benzene, two-(2-ethylhexyl) benzene etc.); Polyphenyl (as, biphenyl, terphenyl, alkylating polyphenyl, etc.); Alkylating diphenyl ether and alkylating diphenylsulfide and derivative thereof, analogue and same like thing, or the like.

Oxyalkylene polymer and the multipolymer and the derivative thereof that can use terminal hydroxyl to modify through esterification, etherificate etc., this has constituted another kind of known synthesis type base stock.These base stocks for example can be the alkyl of the oil for preparing by oxyethane or propylene oxide polymerization, these polyoxyalkylene polymers and aryl ester (as, molecular-weight average is about the Anaesthetie Ether of diphenyl ether that 1000 methyl-poly-Isopropanediol ether, molecular weight is about the polyoxyethylene glycol of 500-1000, polypropylene glycol that molecular weight is about 1000-1500, Deng) or its list-and polycarboxylate, for example acetic ester, blended C _3-8The C of fatty acid ester or Tetraglycol 99 ₁₃The oxygen acid diester.

Thus, the base oil that can be used for preparing composition as described herein can be selected from any base oil in IV shown in API (API) the base oil interchange guidelines and the V group.Such base oil group is as follows:

The IV group is polyalphaolefin (PAO); The V group comprises all other base stocks that do not belong to I, II, III or IV group.As the polyalphaolefin of base stock usually the viscosity 100 ℃ under be 2-100cSt, be down 4-8cSt for example at 100 ℃.

The base stock that is applicable to this paper can include but not limited to distillation, solvent refined, hydrogen treat, oligomerization, esterification and refining again by multiple diverse ways preparation.

Base oil can be the oil that derives from the synthetic hydrocarbon of Fischer-Tropsch.The synthetic hydrocarbon of Fischer-Tropsch can be by comprising H ₂Use the Fischer-Tropsch Preparation of Catalyst with the synthesis gas of CO.These hydrocarbon need further to handle to be suitable as base oil usually.For example, these hydrocarbon can be according to U.S. Patent number 6,103, and disclosed method is carried out hydroisomerizing in 099 or 6,180,575; According to U.S. Patent number 4,943, disclosed method is carried out hydrocracking and hydroisomerizing in 672 or 6,096,940; According to U.S. Patent number 5,882, disclosed method dewaxing in 505; Perhaps use U.S. Patent number 6,013, disclosed method hydroisomerizing and dewaxing in 171,6,080,301 or 6,165,949.

Unrefined, purified and purified oil again, no matter be above disclosed mineral type or synthesis type (with and any two or more mixture) all can be used in the base oil.Unrefined oil is directly to be obtained and the not further oil of handling by mineral or synthetic source.For example, unrefined oil comprises the shale oil that directly obtains by reclaimer operation, the oil that directly obtains by predistillation, or directly obtain and need not further handling the ester oil that uses by esterification process.Refining oil is not with refining oil is not similar, but they are handled and improved one or more character through a step or multistep purification step.The known many such purification techniques of those skilled in the art are such as solvent extraction, secondary distillation, acid or alkali extraction, filtration, diafiltration etc.Obtain the used method of refining oil and be applied to standby refining oil and just can obtain refining oil again by being similar to.Such refining oil is also referred to as recovered oil or handling oil again, and usually also through removing technical finesses such as consumption of additives, pollutent and oily degraded product.

The ester that is applicable to this paper comprises the ester that monoprotic acid and monohydroxy-alcohol or polyvalent alcohol form.Suitable ester comprises formula RCO ₂R ¹Ester, wherein R comprises alkyl and the R that contains about 10 carbon atoms of the 4-that has an appointment ¹Comprise and contain about 15 carbon atoms of the 4-that has an appointment, the alkyl of about 12 carbon atoms of about 4-and about 9 carbon atoms of further for example about 4-for example.The specific examples of this class ester comprises 2 ethyl hexanoic acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, the different monooctyl ester of 2 ethyl hexanoic acid, 2 ethyl hexanoic acid 2-ethylhexyl, enanthic acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, isovaleric acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, the different monooctyl ester of enanthic acid, valeric acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, the different monooctyl ester of isovaleric acid, the different monooctyl ester of valeric acid, valeric acid monooctyl ester, valeric acid ester in the ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, valeric acid ester in the last of the ten Heavenly stems, octyl beptoate, enanthic acid ester in the ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, enanthic acid ester in the last of the ten Heavenly stems.Other ester that suits comprises by the ester mixture that isodecyl alcohol and the acid mixture reaction with about 8 carbon atoms-Yue 10 carbon atoms are formed, perhaps by making 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol and the acid mixture with about 8 carbon atoms-Yue 10 carbon atoms react the mixed ester that forms.

Dicarboxylic acid (as, phthalic acid, succsinic acid, alkyl succinic acid, alkenyl succinic, toxilic acid, nonane diacid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, hexanodioic acid, linoleic acid dimer, propanedioic acid, alkyl propanedioic acid, alkenyl propanedioic acid etc.) with multiple alcohol (as, butanols, hexanol, lauryl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol monoether, propylene glycol etc.) ester that forms also is suitable.The specific examples of these esters comprises diester that Polycizer W 260, sebacic acid two (2-ethylhexyl), the just own ester of fumaric acid two, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, two different decayl esters of azelaic acid, dioctyl phthalate (DOP), didecyl phthalate, sebacic acid two (eicosane) ester, linoleic acid dimer and 2-ethylhexyl form, by one mole sebacic acid and two moles the Tetraglycol 99 and the complex ester of two moles of 2 ethyl hexanoic acids reaction formation, or the like.

Other ester that is suitable for this paper is such as by one or more polyvalent alcohols and the ester that sterically hindered monocarboxylic acid formation is arranged that comprises 5-10 carbon, and polyvalent alcohol is such as amyl-based polyol such as dimethyltrimethylene glycol.Acid can be aliphatic acid or its mixture of straight or branched.Other suitable ester can by above-mentioned acid with terminal be connected with 1-4 carbon atom for example two-or three-ethylene glycol or 2 two of the straight chain hydrocarbon of 3-4 carbon atom-or three-propylene glycol react and obtain.

The viscosity of ester can be less than or equal to about 2cSt under 100 ℃, for example be less than or equal to 1.5, further for example is greater than or equal to about 1cSt under 100 ℃.

Suitable viscosity index rising agent can be full-bodied polyalphaolefin.High viscosity PAO contains the hydropolymer or the oligomer of low-molecular-weight relatively alhpa olefin usually such as known PAO thing.Alhpa olefin includes but not limited to C ₂-Yue C ₃₂Alhpa olefin and C ₈-Yue C ₁₆Alhpa olefin, such as 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-laurylene etc.Although at C ₁₄-C ₁₈The dipolymer of the higher olefins in the scope provides low viscous base stock, but suitable polyalphaolefin comprises polypropylene, polyisobutene, gathers-the 1-hexene, gathers-the 1-octene, gathers-1-decene and poly--1-laurylene.Comprise single polymers, multipolymer and mixture.

Can polyalcohol catalyst for example comprise such as the Friedel-Crafts catalyzer aluminum chloride, boron trifluoride or boron trifluoride and water, alcohol such as ethanol, propyl alcohol or butanols, carboxylic acid or ester such as the mixture of ethyl acetate or ethyl propionate in the presence of polymerization by alhpa olefin prepare suitable high viscosity PAO easily.For example, this paper can use U.S. Patent number 4,149 easily, disclosed method in 178 or 3,382,291, its at this by with reference to introducing.Other of synthetic PAO is described below: U.S. Patent number 3,742,082 (Brennan); U.S. Patent number 3,769,363 (Brennan); U.S. Patent number 3,876,720 (Heilman); U.S. Patent number 4,239,930 (Allphin); U.S. Patent number 4,367,352 (Watts); U.S. Patent number 4,413,156 (Watts); U.S. Patent number 4,434,408 (Larkin); U.S. Patent number 4,910,355 (Shubkin); U.S. Patent number 4,956,122 (Watts) and U.S. Patent number 5,068,487 (Theriot), these documents are introduced by reference at this.

Suitable high viscosity PAO can pass through reductive chrome catalysts and alhpa olefin prepared in reaction, such as U.S. Patent number 4,827, and 073 (Wu); U.S. Patent number 4,827,064 (Wu); U.S. Patent number 4,967,032 (Ho etc.); Those PAO that describe in the U.S. Patent number 4,926,004 (Pelrine etc.) and U.S. Patent number 4,914,254 (Pelrine), these documents are introduced by reference at this.C ₁₄-C ₁₈Olefin dimers is described in U.S. Patent number 4,218, and in 330, the document is introduced by reference at this.

Suitable high viscosity PAO can be included in 100 ℃ of following viscosity be greater than or equal to 40cSt and be less than or equal to about 1, the PAO of 000cSt.As another example, under 100 ℃, be greater than or equal to 100cSt and be less than or equal to about 300cSt.As another example, under 100 ℃, be greater than or equal to 100cSt and be less than or equal to about 200cSt.As another example, under 100 ℃, be greater than or equal to 150cSt and be less than or equal to about 200cSt.

IV organizes base stock, and promptly polyalphaolefin (PAO) comprises the hydrogenation oligomer of alpha-olefin, and of paramount importance oligomerization method is the Friedel-Crafts catalysis of free radical proceed, Ziegler catalysis and cationic.

Lubricant compositions of the present invention can randomly further contain boron-containing compound.The amount of boron-containing compound in composition is about the about 500ppm of 5ppm-, the about 100ppm boron of for example about 11ppm-.With respect to every mole in mixture basic nitrogen and/or hydroxyl, the amount of using boron-containing compound is about 0.001 mole-Yue 1 mole.

Boron-containing compound can be inorganic or organic compound.Mineral compound comprises boric acid, acid anhydrides, oxide compound or halogenide.Organoboron compound comprises boron acid amides and ester.The glyceryl ester that also comprises the lipid acid of the epoxide of dispersion agent, boration of the acylated amine of boration and boration and boration.

Useful boron-containing compound comprises that boron oxide, boron oxide hydrate, boron trioxide, boron trifluoride, boron tribromide, boron trichloride, boric acid are such as organic boronic (boronic acid) (that is alkyl-B (OH), ₂And aryl-(OH) ₂), boric acid (that is H, ₃BO ₃), tetraboric acid (that is H, ₂B ₄O ₇), metaboric acid (that is HBO, ₂), the multiple ester of boric anhydride, boron acid amides and these boric acid.Can use the mixture of boron trihalides and ether, organic acid, mineral acid or hydrocarbon.The example of these mixtures comprises boron trifluoride-three ether, boron trifluoride-phosphoric acid, boron trichloride-Mono Chloro Acetic Acid, boron tribromide-dioxane and boron trifluoride methyl ethyl ether.

The specific examples of boric acid comprises methyl-boron-dihydroxide, phenyl-boron dihydroxide, cyclohexyl boric acid, right-hexyl benzene ylboronic acid and dodecyl boric acid.Suitable boron-containing compound for example comprises that boron oxide compound is such as boron oxide, boron oxide hydrate and boron trioxide.

Boric acid ester comprise the list of boric acid and alcohol or phenol-, two-and three-organic ester, alcohol or phenol are such as being methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, butanols, amylalcohol, hexanol, hexalin, cyclopentanol, the 1-octanol, sec-n-octyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, benzylalcohol, 2-butyl hexalin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene, 1, the 3-butyleneglycol, 2, the 4-hexylene glycol, 1, the 2-cyclohexanediol, 1, the 3-ethohexadiol, glycerine, five red tinea alcohol glycol ethers, Trivalin SF, cellosolve, triglycol, tripropylene glycol, phenol, naphthols, right-butylphenol, adjacent, right-dihexyl phenol, positive cyclohexylphenol, 2,2-two-(right-hydroxy phenyl)-propane, the phenol that polyisobutene (molecular weight is 1500) replaces, the ethylene chloro-hydrin(e), neighbour-chlorophenol, between-nitrophenols, 6-bromine octanol, and 7-ketone-decyl alcohol.Lower alcohol, 1,2-two pure and mild 1-3-glycol promptly have the alcohol that is less than about 8 carbon atoms and can be used for preparing boric acid ester.

On the one hand, boron-containing compound can be the nitrogenous compound of boration, includes but not limited to above-mentioned nitrogenous compound.On the one hand, the nitrogenous compound of boration can be a dispersion agent.

On the other hand, boron-containing compound can be the P contained compound of boration, includes but not limited to above-mentioned P contained compound.On the one hand, the P contained compound of boration can be a dispersion agent.With respect to every mole in reaction mixture basic nitrogen and free hydroxyl group (wherein being up to over half by auxiliary nitrogen compound supply), the amount of using boron compound is about 0.001 mole-Yue 1 mole.

Phosphorous dispersion agent can contain at least a oil soluble ashless dispersant, has basic nitrogen and/or at least one hydroxyl in its molecule.Suitable dispersion agent comprises alkenyl succinimide, alkenyl succinate, alkenyl succinate-acid amides, Mannich alkali, hydrocarbyl polyamine or polymeric polyamines.

Wherein the succsinic acid group alkenyl succinimide that comprises the hydrocarbyl substituent that contains at least 30 carbon atoms for example is described in U.S. Patent number 3,172,892,3,202,678,3,216,936,3,219,666,3,254,025, in 3,272,746 and 4,234,435.Alkenyl succinimide can form such as Heating Chain alkenyl succinic anhydride, acid, acid-ester, carboxylic acid halides or lower alkyl esters and the polyamines that comprises at least one primary amino by ordinary method.Alkenyl succinic anhydrides can for example prepare to about 180-220 ℃ by heating alkene and maleic anhydride mixture.Alkene can be polymkeric substance or multipolymer or its mixture of rudimentary monoolefine such as ethene, propylene, 1-butylene, iso-butylene etc.The source of exemplary alkenyl is that gel disperses the number-average molecular weight of chromatography (GPC) to be up to 10,000 or the further for example about 800-1 of higher for example about 500-about 2,500,500 polyisobutene.On the one hand, the molecular weight of polyisobutene can be about 700-about 5000.The ratio of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and amine can be the further for example about 1.8-about 2.2 of about 1.4-about 3.

On the one hand, can add capping reagent.For example, the maleic anhydride that can add additional quantity is also reduced to basic nitrogen non-alkalescence thus with the capping reagent as basic nitrogen.

As used herein; term " succinimide " is intended to comprise the complete reaction product of the reaction between the succsinic acid of one or more polyamine reactants and hydrocarbon-replacement or the acid anhydrides (or similarly succsinic acid acylating reagent), and be intended to comprise wherein product except have from primary amino with also can have acid amides, amidine and/or salt connection the imines of amide moieties reaction gained is connected.

Dispersion agent can be through the process phosphorylation in for example following: U.S. Patent number 3,184,411,3,342,735,3,403,102,3,502,607,3,511,780,3,513,093,3,513,093,4,615,826,4,648,980,4,857,214 and 5,198,133.

The method of the above-mentioned broad variety ashless dispersant of boration is described in U.S. Patent number 3,087, and 936,3,254,025,3,281,428,3,282,955,2,284,409,2,284,410,3,338,832,3,344,069,3,533,945,3,658,836,3,703,536,3,718,663,4, in 455,243 and 4,652,387.

The method of phosphorylation and boration such as above-mentioned ashless dispersant is described in U.S. Patent number 4,857, in 214 and 5,198,133.

Lubricant compositions can contain two kinds of different nitrogenous dispersion agents, such as the succinimide dispersants of succinimide dispersants and boration.

Randomly, other component can be present in lubricant compositions or add in the composition.The limiting examples of other component comprises thinner, defoamer, demulsifying compound, copper corrosion inhibitor, antioxidant, ultimate pressure agent, anti-wear agent, sealed expander, pour point reducer, rust-preventive agent and friction modifiers.

This paper also discloses and has used disclosed lubricant compositions lubrication machine such as automobile gear, the fixing method of wheel box (comprising industrial gear) and/or axletree.On the other hand; disclose and improved machine, comprised disclosed lubricant compositions is positioned over machine such as automobile gear, fixedly in wheel box (comprising industrial gear) and/or the axletree such as automobile gear, the fixedly wear-resistant protection and at least a method of fuel efficiency of wheel box (comprising industrial gear) and/or axletree.The method of using lubricated and unlubricated gear unit to transmit ASTM D6121 is also disclosed, for example under about 325  at least about 16 hours, and/or ASTM D5704 and/or keep GL-5 and/or the method for SAE J2360 performance, comprise and use disclosed lubricating composition oilgear and/or axletree.

Embodiment

Lubricant compositions is according to preparing as shown in following table 1:

Table 1

Component	Weight percent
		The formula III compound	0.20-1
The base oil that contains ester	40-90
		High viscosity PAO VII	10-40
The EP/AW agent	4-6
		Pour point reducer	2.5-5
Dispersion agent	0.5-4
		Amine rust-preventive agent	1-2
Defoamer	0.1-2
		Demulsifying compound	0-0.5
Corrosion inhibitor	0.1-1
		Antioxidant	0-5

Comparative lubricant compositions is according to preparing as shown in following table 2:

Table 2

Component	Weight percent
		The formula III compound	0.20-1

Base oil	40-90
		Ethylene propylene copolymer VII	0-20
Sealed expander	0-10
		The EP/AW agent	4-6
Pour point reducer	2.5-5
		Dispersion agent	0.5-4
Amine rust-preventive agent	1-2
		Defoamer	0.1-2
Demulsifying compound	0-0.5
		Corrosion inhibitor	0.1-1

The lubricant compositions of table 1 and the comparative lubricant compositions of table 2 are carried out ensemble average fuel economy (CAFE) test.This thermometrically the efficient of axletree, calculating formula is (total output torque * output speed)/(input torque * input speed), compares in multiple load/speed step and baseline fluid.Effective more axletree (that is, the test income value is high more) means that the integrated fuel economy of vehicle is good more.The result of axletree efficiency test is the indication of CAFE test.Multiple combining case is shown in Table 3.Stage A to stage E has been represented urban automobile road circulation and stage F has been represented the motorway circulation.The baseline fluid is the complete synthesis SAE75W-90 axletree lubricant (GM Part#9986115) that is used for the General Motors light truck.

Table 3

Stage	Transmission gear speeds, rpm	The transmitting gear moment of torsion, N-m	Power, kW	The transmitting gear moment of torsion, lb-ft	Power, hp
						Heat up	1500	67.0	10.5	49.4	14.1
A	750	13.6	1.1	10.0	1.4
						B	1250	13.6	1.8	10.0	2.4
C	1000	33.9	3.5	25.0	4.8
						D	1580	33.9	5.6	25.0	7.5
E	1000	54.2	5.7	40.0	7.6
						F	2560	61.0	16.4	45.0	21.9

The results are shown in the table 4 of axletree efficiency test.The lubricant compositions of table 1 and table 2 provides than the better axletree efficient of baseline fluid.The lubricant compositions of table 1 has provided the best overall result of axletree efficiency test.

Table 4

	Average axletree efficient under different load/speed stage
							Gear oil	Stage A	Stage B	Stage C	Stage D	Stage E	Stage F
The composition of table 1	86.13	84.50	93.24	93.06	95.09	95.41
							The composition of table 2	85.31	83.72	92.78	92.78	94.86	95.23
The baseline fluid	82.16	80.45	91.33	91.63	94.02	94.89

Purpose for claims of this specification sheets and appendix, except as otherwise noted, all are represented numeral, per-cent or the ratio of quantity and are used for specification sheets and other numerical value of claims, all will be interpreted as by term " about " in all cases and modify.Therefore, unless opposite explanation is arranged, the digital parameters of illustrating in specification sheets below and claims of appendix is an approximate number, and it depends on the character of the required acquisition of this paper and can change.At least, but not be intended to the application's instruction is limited to the scope of claims, each digital parameters should be considered the important numbers of being reported at least and adopt the common technology analysis of rounding up.

Should point out that used as claims of this specification sheets and appendix, " a kind of " of singulative, " one " and " being somebody's turn to do " unless clearly and undoubtedly the free burial ground for the destitute is restricted to single form, otherwise have comprised plural form.Thus, for example, " a kind of antioxidant " comprises the antioxidant that two or more are different.As used herein, term " comprises " and grammer distortion means nonrestrictively, and the project described in the table is not discharged other similar project thus, and it is alternative or add in the Listed Items.

Although described specific embodiment, this area practitioner or technician can carry out imprevision or present unpredictalbe replacement, modification, change, improvement and substantial equivalence transformation.Therefore, all these refills, modification, change and substantial Equivalent can be revised and be intended to comprise to claims of appendix during application.

Claims (19)

1, a kind of lubricant compositions, contain:

Ester;

Viscosity index improver; With

At least a in the salt of the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing and the P contained compound of this sulfur-bearing.

2, the composition of claim 1, the P contained compound that wherein has sterically hindered sulfur-bearing are formula (II) and (V) at least a in the compound:

Wherein n is the integer of 1-5; And

R wherein ¹, R ², R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵, R ⁶, R ¹⁰And R ¹¹Independently be selected from hydrogen, cyano group and contain the alkyl of about 30 carbon atoms of the 1-that has an appointment.

3, the composition of claim 1, wherein the salt of the P contained compound of sulfur-bearing is formula (III) and (VI) at least a in the compound:

Wherein n is the integer of 1-5; And

R wherein ¹, R ², R ³, R ⁴, R ⁵, R ⁶, R ⁷, R ⁸, R ⁹, R ¹⁰And R ¹¹Independently be selected from hydrogen, cyano group and contain the alkyl of about 30 carbon atoms of the 1-that has an appointment.

4, the composition of claim 1 further contains boron-containing compound.

5, the composition of claim 1 further contains acid and nitrogenous compound, and at least a in wherein said acid and the nitrogenous compound is friction modifier.

6, a kind of method of lubricated automobile gear comprises and uses composition as claimed in claim 1 as lubricant.

7, a kind of method of improving the wear Protection of automobile gear comprises the composition according to claim 1 is positioned in the automobile gear.

8, a kind of method of improving the fuel efficiency of automobile gear comprises the composition according to claim 1 is positioned over automobile gear.

9, a kind of method of lubricated axletree comprises that the composition that uses claim 1 is as lubricant.

10, a kind of method of improving the wear Protection of axletree comprises the composition according to claim 1 is positioned in the axletree.

11, a kind of method of improving fuel efficiency in the axletree comprises the composition according to claim 1 is positioned in the axletree.

12, a kind of lubricated fixedly method of wheel box comprises that the composition that uses claim 1 is as lubricant.

13, a kind of method of improving the wear Protection in the fixing wheel box comprises the composition according to claim 1 is positioned over fixedly in the wheel box.

14, a kind of method of improving fuel efficiency in the fixing wheel box comprises the composition according to claim 1 is positioned over fixedly in the wheel box.

15, a kind of method by ASTM D5704 comprises the composition oilgear of use according to claim 1.

16, a kind ofly allow lubricated and the method for unlubricated gear unit, comprise the composition oilgear of use according to claim 1 by ASTM D6121.

17, a kind of under about 325 , allow unlubricated gear unit by ASTM D6121 at least about 16 hours method, comprise the composition oilgear of use according to claim 1.

18, a kind of method that keeps GL-5 and/or SAE J2360 performance comprises the composition oilgear of use according to claim 1.

19, a kind of lubricating composition, it contains ester; Viscosity index improver; Reaction product with sulfocompound, P contained compound and nitrogenous compound compound.