CN1976334A - Communication apparatus and communication system - Google Patents
Communication apparatus and communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1976334A CN1976334A CNA2006101605505A CN200610160550A CN1976334A CN 1976334 A CN1976334 A CN 1976334A CN A2006101605505 A CNA2006101605505 A CN A2006101605505A CN 200610160550 A CN200610160550 A CN 200610160550A CN 1976334 A CN1976334 A CN 1976334A
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Abstract
A communication apparatus comprises generating means for generating a single physical frame including a plurality of MAC frames, and transmitting means for transmitting the physical frame. The physical frame has variable-length bitmap information comprising bits corresponding to the plurality of MAC frames, respectively, and length information of the bitmap information.
Description
The application of this division is in being No.200510067696.0 based on application number, and the applying date is on April 22nd, 2005, and denomination of invention is the dividing an application of Chinese patent application of " communication equipment, communication system and communication control program ".
The cross reference of related application
The application is based on the No.2004-129073 of Japanese patent application formerly that proposed on April 23rd, 2004 and require its priority, and the full content of this application is included in this as a reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to realize the communication equipment of medium access control (MAC), communication system and communication control program more particularly, relate to wherein a plurality of media access control (MAC) frames (mac frame) are included in a frame aggregation (aggregation) in the physical frame.
Background technology
Medium access control (MAC) is to make when sharing identical media, and how a plurality of communication equipment decisions that communicate use these medium to come the control of transport communication data or management frames.Because the cause of medium access control, even two or more communication equipment transmits communication data (or management frames) by using identical media simultaneously, also rare recipient's communication equipment can not be deciphered the phenomenon (conflict) of communication data.The basic cut-in method of IEEE802.11MAC is CSMA/CA (the collision avoidance carrier wave detects multiple access).CSMA/CA is used to reduce collision probability.The medium access control also be a kind of control from the communications device accesses medium, although so that wherein there is the communication equipment with transmission request, the appearance chance of the phenomenon that medium are not still used by any communication equipment is reduced to minimum technology.
But, especially in radio communication, be difficult to when communication equipment transmits data, while monitor transmissions data, so, need wherein not take the medium access control (MAC) of collision detection.A kind of typical technology standard of WLAN IEEE802.11 adopts the collision avoidance carrier wave to detect multiple access (CSMA/CA).
Mac header has duration value, and it is transmission data or the required time of representing with millisecond (comprising the SIFS interlude) of management frames.Judge the virtual busy condition of medium with the irrelevant communication equipment that does not have any transmission right of sequence, thus etc. to be transmitted.So, avoided the generation of conflict.In IEEE802.11, the combination that the state of definition medium is detected by the virtual carrier of MAC layer and the physical carrier of physical layer detects is judged, thus the access of control medium.CSMA/CA is used to reduce collision probability.
In the IEEE802.11 that adopts CSMA/CA,, increased communication speed by main change physical layer protocol.With regard to the 2.4GHz wave band, IEEE802.11 (being 2Mbps 1997) has changed into IEEE802.11b (being 11Mbps in 1999), and has been changed into IEEE802.11g (being 54Mbps in 1999).With regard to the 5GHz wave band, as only there being IEEE802.11a (being 54Mbps in 1999) before the standard mesh.In addition, stipulated IEEE802.11 task groups n (TGn), be in 2.4GHz and the further standard of quickening of 5GHz wave band so that set up purpose.
In addition, be used to improve service quality several access control technology of (QoS) are also known.For example, have available HCCA (access of HCF control channel), it is a kind of expansion technique of conventional polling sequence, is used as the QoS technology of the parameter assurance such as design bandwidth and time of delay.According to HCCA,, consider that the required quality in the polling sequence is dispatched in order to guarantee the parameter such as bandwidth and time of delay.Japanese patent application KOKAI communique No.2002-314546 discloses in a kind of QoS in reference IEEE802.11e standard, the method for the allocation of communications priority between the communication equipment in wireless network.
Even the communication speed of physical layer is increased, still there is the problem of the throughput that can not significantly improve communication.That is, when realizing the acceleration of physical layer, the form of PHY (physics) frame is no longer efficient, and the expense that causes has thus hindered the raising of throughput.In the PHY frame, the time parameter that relates to CSMA/CA is followed mac frame regularly.In addition, each mac frame needs PHY frame header and PHY preamble.
As the problem that solves expense and improve a kind of method of throughput, can use piece response (piece affirmation) mechanism of in the IEEE 802.11e/ draft of drafting recently 5.0 (enhancing of the QoS among the IEEE 802.11), introducing.The piece response mechanism can transmit a plurality of mac frames continuously, and does not have any (have SIFS at interval) random back-off, thereby can to a certain degree reduce compensation rate.But, can not reduce the expense of physical layer header and preamble effectively.In addition, according to the polymerization technique of introducing in the IEEE 802.11e that drafts at first, compensation rate and physical layer overhead all can be reduced.But, because under the routine restriction about physical layer, the length that comprises the physical layer frame of mac frame can not be increased to and exceed about 4kbyte, so the raising of efficient is subjected to very big restriction.Even the length of PHY layer frame can be increased, also another problem can appear, i.e. the reduction of fault-tolerance.
So, must solve and follow the expense of utilizing effective frame format to solve the multiframe transmission and producing, and significantly improve the throughput of communication.
On the other hand,, can ensure the quality of products, and can realize transfer of data with the priority correspondence each traffic flow according to the HCCA of routine.In the new communication system that throughput has been further improved, preferably use QoS.For example, QoS preferably is used to be designed to transmit described a plurality of mac frame by when a plurality of mac frames being included in a physics (PHY) frame, improves the frame aggregation of efficiency of transmission.But,,, can produce following problems so such as HCCA if simply the techniques of frame aggregation of routine is applied to QoS.
Promptly, therein not in the conventional techniques of frame aggregation of the priority of considered frame, when the series of frames in the transmit queue (TxQ) is the polymerization target frame, relatively low FTP (file transfer protocol (FTP)) frame of priority may be extracted prior to VoIP (speech of the internet protocol-based) frame of high priority, and is aggregated in the transmission convergence frame.Consider the priority of frame, this can hinder guaranteeing of QoS.
In addition, just point out to have caused some frames of acceptance error, and the program of the part A ck frame of request repeat, existence should realize with QoS in the problem that is used in combination of intrinsic ACK program (for example No confirms (No Ack) program).
Summary of the invention
Consider that above-mentioned situation has proposed the present invention, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polymerization, can improve communication equipment, communication system and the communication control program of throughput by a plurality of communication frames.
Communication equipment according to an aspect of the present invention comprises: the generation device that produces the single one physical frame that comprises a plurality of mac frames; With the transmitting device of the physical frame that transmits the generation device generation, described physical frame comprises the length information of elongated message bit pattern and message bit pattern, and described elongated message bit pattern comprises and the corresponding bit of described a plurality of mac frames.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of expression communication equipment according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 represents to have the Ack strategy bitmap of regular length;
Fig. 3 represents the message bit pattern field according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 represents to have an example of the MAC superframe of elongated Ack strategy bitmap;
Fig. 5 is the key diagram of reception buffer management;
Fig. 6 is the key diagram that the reception buffer about each priority is according to a second embodiment of the present invention managed;
Fig. 7 represents the form of TSPEC;
Fig. 8 is expression retransmits the control example about first of each priority a key diagram;
Fig. 9 is expression retransmits the control example about second of each priority a key diagram;
Figure 10 is the key diagram about the re-transmission of each priority control example of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention;
Figure 11 represents the sequence (piece Ack immediately) of calibrated bolck Ack;
Figure 12 represents the QoS control field;
Figure 13 represents a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, has an example of the MAC superframe of elongated Ack strategy bitmap;
Figure 14 represents a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, the piece Ack sequence of polymerization QoS data (piece Ack immediately);
Figure 15 represents a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, the polymerization example of QoS data and piece Ack request;
Figure 16 represents a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, wherein the piece Ack sequence (piece Ack immediately) of polymerization QoS data and piece Ack request;
Figure 17 represents a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, about the QoS data of a plurality of TID and the polymerization example of piece Ack request;
Figure 18 represents a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, and wherein polymerization is about the QoS data of a plurality of TID and the piece Ack sequence of piece Ack request;
Figure 19 represents a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, the polymerization of Ack strategy " No affirmation " and Ack strategy " piece affirmation " frame;
Figure 20 represents the sequence example that the polymerization by the mac frame of Ack strategy " No affirmation " and Ack strategy " piece affirmation " frame obtains;
Figure 21 represents according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, the traffic specification of using when traffic flow is set (TSPEC);
Figure 22 represents that according to a fifth embodiment of the invention its MPDU length is assumed that the MAC superframe of regular length;
Figure 23 represents according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, when mixing with a plurality of TSID, and the polymerization of regular length mac frame;
Figure 24 represents according to a sixth embodiment of the invention to have an example of the MAC superframe of a plurality of destinations;
Figure 25 represents according to a sixth embodiment of the invention to have another example of the MAC superframe of a plurality of destinations;
Figure 26 represents that according to a seventh embodiment of the invention indication is about an example of the MAC superframe of the duration of each destination;
Figure 27 represents the modification of the frame of Figure 26;
Figure 28 represents according to a seventh embodiment of the invention, a plurality of destinations is specified the key diagram of different duration;
Figure 29 represents according to a seventh embodiment of the invention, the flow chart of the operation of receiving terminal;
Figure 30 represents the configuration example of the wireless communication system that the present invention is suitable for;
Figure 31 represents another configuration example of the wireless communication system that the present invention is suitable for;
Figure 32 represents the QoS sequence of data frames with Ack strategy " piece affirmation " among the IEEE802.11e;
Figure 33 represents according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, about the polymerization example of the Frame with Ack strategy " piece affirmation " of a plurality of destinations;
Figure 34 represents according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, about the sequence of data frames with Ack strategy " piece affirmation " of a plurality of polymerizations destination;
Figure 35 represents according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, about the Frame of a plurality of destinations and the polymerization example of piece Ack claim frame;
Figure 36 represents according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, about the data of a plurality of polymerizations destination and the sequence example of piece Ack claim frame;
Figure 37 is the key diagram according to the re-transmission of the ACK of the ninth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 38 represents the polymerization example according to a plurality of destinations of the ninth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 39 represents that according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention ACK when a plurality of destination of polymerization retransmits;
Figure 40 represents according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, another example that the ACK when a plurality of destination of polymerization retransmits;
Figure 41 represents according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, the frame format example under the situation of time of transmission side given transmission ACK;
Figure 42 represents according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, an example of the frame format under the situation of time of transmission side given transmission ACK;
Figure 43 represents according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, another example of the frame format under the situation of time of transmission side given transmission ACK;
Figure 44 represents according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, another example of the frame format under the situation of time of transmission side given transmission ACK;
Figure 45 represents according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, about the appointment in ACK transmission time of a plurality of destinations;
Figure 46 represents according to the 11st embodiment of the present invention, is used to consider the example of MAC superframe of a plurality of destinations of QoS;
Figure 47 represents according to the 11st embodiment of the present invention, radio hookup when considering a plurality of destination of QoS;
Figure 48 is the block diagram of the communication equipment (access point) according to the 12nd embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 49 is the block diagram of the communication equipment (terminal) according to the 12nd embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 50 represents an example of the frame format that communication equipment uses;
Figure 51 represents an example of the form of first kind of PHY frame;
Figure 52 represents an example of the form of second kind of PHY frame;
Figure 53 represents an example of the form of mac frame;
Figure 54 represents an example according to the communication system of the 12nd embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 55 A represents the form example of part affirmation (part A ck), and 55B represents the form example of poll (free of data) frame;
Figure 56 A represents the form example of Frame, and 56B represents the form example of data+poll frame;
Figure 57 represents an example of MAC superframe;
Figure 58 represents to comprise part A ck+[data+poll]+example of the MAC superframe of data;
Figure 59 represents to comprise part A ck+[poll (free of data)] an example of MAC superframe;
Figure 60 represents to comprise an example of the MAC superframe of [poll (free of data)];
Figure 61 A represents an example of QoS Frame, and 61B represents an example of QoS data+poll frame;
Figure 62 represents to comprise part A ck+[QoS data+poll]+example of the MAC superframe of QoS data;
Figure 63 is the precedence diagram of an example of expression PCF frame exchange;
Figure 64 is the key diagram of CAP/CFP/CF example (CAP generation);
Figure 65 represents polling sequence example (CFP according to beacon starts)
Figure 66 represents polling sequence example (produce according to the CAP of CTS-self, give the part A ck of STA1 and give poll overlapping together of STA2);
Figure 67 represents polling sequence example (comprise and leave over STA);
Figure 68 represents the modification of the sequence example shown in Figure 65;
Figure 69 represents the identical situation of the form and the MPDU of MAC super-frame header;
Figure 70 represents according to the 13rd embodiment of the present invention, an example of the frame format of the mac header with contraction that uses for communication equipment;
Figure 71 represents according to the 13rd embodiment of the present invention, have contraction mac header mac frame generation and reproduce an example of the process of mac header from the mac header that shrinks;
Figure 72 represents first example according to the contraction mac header of the 13rd embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 73 represents second example according to the contraction mac header of the 13rd embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 74 represents according to the 13rd embodiment of the present invention, under the situation that is comprising the code message checking, have contraction mac header mac frame generation and reproduce an example of the process of mac header from the mac header that shrinks.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of expression according to the structure of the communication equipment of the first embodiment of the present invention.Communication equipment 100 is the equipment by Radio Link and another communication apparatus communication, comprises corresponding respectively to physics (PHY) layer, the processing unit 101,102 and 103 of MAC layer and link layer.According to realizing requirement, these processing units are realized as the analog or digital electronic circuit, perhaps are realized as the firmware that will be carried out by the CPU that is included among the LSI etc.Antenna 104 is connected with physical layer processing unit 101.MAC layer 102 has according to polymerization processing apparatus of the present invention.
Polymerization processing apparatus 105 produces physics (PYH) frame that comprises a plurality of medium access controls (MAC) frame.Media access control (MAC) frame is a Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) for example, and can be to carry out apparent modification, and does not comprise the MAC service data unit (MSDU) of any mac header.The physical frame that produces is handled by physical layer processing unit 101, and by antenna 104 emissions.In this manual, this communication system will be called as " frame aggregation ".Frame aggregation is suitable at present just in standardized high throughput wireless LAN communication of future generation (IEEE802.11n standard).
The basic frame format of MAC superframe (MAC aggregate frame) has at least one the MAC superframe pay(useful) load after at least one MAC super-frame header and the MAC super-frame header.
Whether this frame of terminal judges of receiving the MAC superframe by self-routing, and the Cyclic Redundancy Check of carrying out each MPDU calculates.Afterwards, the Ack strategy bitmap field in the inspection MAC super-frame header.When the mark that part A ck occurs requiring " 1 ", the value that the corresponding bitmap of part A ck frame is set at " 1 " or " 0 " (when CRC is calculated and correctly receive, is established set.When frame is received by mistake, establish reset).Its Ack strategy bitmap is wished transmission according to Ack strategy " No affirmation " for the MPDU of " 0 ", so, irrespectively be set to the value of " 0 " with the result of calculation of CRC.
Receive from the destination terminal under the situation of part A ck that in data source the Ack of its high-speed cache strategy message bit pattern conflicts with part A ck bitmap.Though require Ack, the bit information of part A ck bitmap is " 0 ".Thereby corresponding Frame needs to retransmit.
Part A ck in the frame aggregation will be described below.The MAC layer of the terminal of transmission MAC superframe is with respect to determine each Ack strategy from the Frame on upper strata.In this case, when in part A ck, specifying the Ack strategy, mean " this Frame is the target of frame aggregation, and need from recipient's ACK ".
ACK mechanism with regard to for the usefulness of transmission frame has defined three kinds of mechanism " standard affirmation " (standard A ck), " No affirmation " (No Ack) and " piece affirmation " (piece Ack) in IEEE 802.11e.
" standard affirmation " is a kind of standard data delivery method that IEEE 802.11 supports, wherein after transmitting a unicast data (or management) frame, terminal wait a period of time is till it receives the ACK frame from the destination terminal.When generation is overtime, carry out the random back-off program once more, so that retransmit this Frame.The Frame of appointment should be excluded outside the frame aggregation target in " standard affirmation ", and is transmitted according to the program in the existing IEEE802.11 standard.
" No affirmation " is the data transmission method that uses when the transmission channel quite stable.According to this method, terminal transmits new Frame, and does not wait for the frame from destination terminal reception ACK.
" piece affirmation " is with burst mode, transmits the data transmission method of unicast data frames continuously every short interFrameGap (SIFS) (Short Interframe Space interval).This method is used to utilize piece Ack frame, realizes selectable repeated retransmission.
Be noted that superframe with regard to MAC, response control (affirmation), retransmit control, QoS and simultaneously the radio hookup (simulcast) various formation examples, can be with reference to Japanese patent application No.2004-004847 in first to file according to the application's applicant, 2004-063237,, the explanation of 2004-110446.
(first embodiment)
First embodiment relates to when being aggregated to a plurality of mac frames (MPDU) in the physical frame, and the data length of elongated message bit pattern and bitmap is included in communication equipment in the MAC super-frame header.Specifically, physical frame has by the elongated message bit pattern of forming with the bit of a plurality of mac frame correspondences and the length information of this message bit pattern.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 20 is included in the MAC super-frame header 21 when the Ack policy bit, and when being transmitted to the MAC superframe, needing to hold consultation in advance between emission/receiving terminal, and need to be grasped the length of Ack policy bit Figure 20 the recipient.The beacon of the traffic flow in the HCCA of IEEE802.11e or the whole bag of tricks the setting are counted as machinery of consultation.Be noted that the present invention is notifying Ack strategy bitmap lengths to be confined to a certain ad hoc approach through consultation.But as long as do not know this size information in advance the recipient of MAC superframe, Ack policy bit Figure 20 just can not correctly be extracted so.
On the other hand, in first embodiment, can describe elongated message bit pattern, and define the message bit pattern field as shown in Figure 3.That is, the type of bitmap (Ack strategy bitmap etc.) by 31 definition of bitmap id field, is for example pointed out the length 32 of actual message bit pattern (message bit pattern field 33) with byte.Therefore, Ack strategy bitmap can be hidden in the MAC units of super-frames elongatedly, and needn't carry out any negotiation in advance.
The example of the bitmap element shown in Fig. 3 comprises " Ack strategy bitmap ", " multiple access bitmap " etc., and they can be by bitmap ID 31 identifications.Be noted that needless to say bitmap (bitmap ID) is not limited to them.
In as a example at Fig. 4, when 12 MPDU are aggregated in the MAC superframe 40,, need the bitmap that size is 2 bytes as Ack strategy bitmap, so, in the length field 32 of message bit pattern 33, specify " 2 ".The ID of appointment and Ack strategy bitmap correspondence in position id field 31.
(second embodiment)
Communication equipment according to second embodiment is a MAC superframe receiving terminal and utilizes timer, about extracting frame from reception buffer, and this frame is transmitted to each priority on upper strata, the communication equipment of administrative time.This equipment still is a MAC superframe launch terminal and about extracting frame from buffer, and this frame is transmitted to each priority on upper strata, points out the communication equipment that timer is provided with to the recipient.
When a plurality of mac frames are aggregated in the physical frame, and during according to the HCCA system transmissions of IEEE802.11e, each traffic flow (traffic stream:TS) is distributed a sequence number.Sequence number need be continuous, and this frame is buffered the recipient, as shown in Figure 5.
In the example of Fig. 5, in the MAC superframe, exist to have the mac frame 50,51,52 of three kinds of priority " high priority ", " high medium priority " and " low priority ", and represented that a frame 53,54,55 indications retransmit wrong situation.When receiving sequence number continuously about each traffic flow, the MAC layer can be transmitted to upper strata (for example, network layer) to this frame.But in Fig. 5, (reaching afterwards of sequence number " 2 ") subsequent frame is waited for (receiving buffer status 56,57,58) in buffer.
In IEEE802.11, when can not receive sequence number during, take place overtimely than the little frame of the sequence number of the frame of waiting in the buffer the recipient, the frame of all accumulations is forwarded to upper strata (for example IP).When each priority being carried out sliding window when control, emission/recipient according to the priority management sequence number.So, exist to time of delay sensitivity traffic flow and to the sizable traffic flow of the permission of time of delay by the problem of handling according to same way as.
In order to address this problem, in a second embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, MAC superframe recipient, in buffer 60,61,62, arrange timer 1,2,3 respectively about each traffic flow, and, be each traffic flow management buffer according to the operation of the timer that works alone.When timer 1,2,3 was overtime, the frame that is kept in the corresponding buffer 60,61,62 was released from buffer, and is forwarded to the upper strata.
Can be according to the delay limit field 71 of the traffic specification (TSPEC) 70 shown in Fig. 7 A, determine value (time-out time) to each timer 1,2,3 settings, postpone limit field 71 and be defined in mark MSDU and arrive the time of local sublayer and successfully finish what measure between the MSDU transmission of destination or time of retransmitting from local mac-SAP, the transmission of permission belongs to the maximum time amount (microsecond) of the MPDU of the TS among this TSPEC.Even reaching the re-transmission upper limit before the time, (or recipient) is dropped also in emission side to surpass the frame that postpones limit.Should postpone limit to each priority level initializing of traffic flow (TS), and make it to be complementary with value to timer 1,2,3 settings.
On the other hand, utilize the reserved field of the TS Info field 72 of the TSPEC shown in Fig. 7 B, available millisecond of unit specifies in the time-out time of each traffic flow of MAC superframe recipient.On the other hand, can expand a newer field, and increase the overtime information that is used to specify TSPEC.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Communication equipment according to the 3rd embodiment is that the mac frame with a plurality of priority is aggregated in the physical frame, so that transmit this frame, and afterwards according to part confirmation from the recipient, change the window size (once transmissible maximum number) that is used for each priority, so that retransmit the communication equipment of MAC superframe.
As shown in Figure 8, suppose that the mac frame (MPDU) of a plurality of priority is incorporated in the physical frame, and be transmitted as a MAC superframe.In Fig. 8 in the example, window size (the once number of the frame that can transmit) for each priority definition window 81,82,83, and supposition high priority (for example VoIP) is " 3 ", and high medium priority (for example video) is " 3 ", and low priority (for example ftp) is " 2 ".Suppose between emission/receiving terminal and hold consultation in advance, determine to be aggregated to the maximum number of the mac frame in the MAC superframe 80.For example, suppose that this number is 8 (can utilize beacon to hold consultation, perhaps hold consultation not special provision machinery of consultation in the time that is provided with of traffic flow).Needless to say, according to circumstances, this number is variable.In addition, as shown in Figure 9, considered to retransmit the situation of MAC superframe according to part A ck 90.That is, according to the part A ck bitmap 91 among the part A ck 90, because a frame of high priority and second frame of low priority be not successfully received, so the sequence number " 2 " of the sequence number of high priority " 1 " and low priority is the re-transmission target.On the other hand, the frame of high medium priority can be successfully received, and does not require any re-transmission.Therefore, the starting point of window 82,83 is moved, and corresponding to the new frame of window size polymerizable, produces the MAC superframe 92 that is retransmitted.Here, as mentioned above, the maximum number of the mac frame that can be aggregated is 8.But the MAC superframe 92 of Chan Shenging comprises 6 mac frames as shown in Figure 9, has the waste of transmission channel.This is because the window size of each priority is fixed all the time.
In order to address this problem, in the present embodiment, the starting point of the sequence number of each priority is moved, and window size is changed rightly.
For example, as shown in Figure 10, have only a frame to be combined, but the number that can be aggregated to the frame in the whole M AC superframe leave surplus with high priority.So the maximum number of the frame that can be aggregated is assumed that the upper limit, the number with aggregate frame of high medium priority is increased as much as possible.In the stage of Fig. 8, but the initial value with transmission frame of high medium priority is 3 frames.But, owing to only transmit a frame with high priority, so the window size of high medium priority window 100 is amplified to 5 frames from 3 frames.
So and 8 frames of the maximum number correspondence of the frame that can be aggregated are aggregated in the MAC superframe 101 that produces according to present embodiment and as shown in Figure 9, wherein the MAC superframe 92 of polymerization 6 frames is compared, and can improve efficiency of transmission.
As the result of the retransmission processes of carrying out, can transmit more multiframe with high priority.Subsequently, the window size of each priority is returned initial value (in this example, high priority is returned " 3 ", and high medium priority is returned " 2 ", and low priority is returned " 2 ") once more, and the QoS data are aggregated in the MAC superframe.
(the 4th embodiment)
The 4th embodiment relates to piece Ack program.Figure 11 represents a series of (type immediately) calibrated bolck Ack.On the other hand, in IEEE802.11, as shown in Figure 12, QoS control field 121 is added in the mac header 120, and ACK strategy 122 is designated, therefore can realize various affirmation modes, not " No Ack " (not requiring the transmission of any Ack) for example, " piece Ack " and " standard A ck ".Here, about the QoS data of piece Ack appointment, as shown in Figure 11,, transmit a piece Ack request 110 after short interFrameGap (SIFS) transmits data.Launch terminal is received the piece Ack 111 of response block Ack request from the destination terminal.Piece Ack request 110 and piece Ack 111 need to produce the data that are used for each traffic carrying capacity identifier (trafficidentifier:TID) priority.
[polymerization example 1 of piece ACK]
In the polymerization example 1 of piece Ack, the QoS Frame of the piece ACK target that will transmit at interval with SIFS is aggregated in the physical frame and is transmitted.
For example, as shown in Figure 13, after MAC super-frame header 130, its ACK strategy of polymerization is piece Ack, and is limited to have the mac frame 131 of the QoS data of identical destination.
As shown in Figure 14, at first transmit the MAC superframe 140 of wherein polymerization about the QoS data of TID1.Subsequently, after the cycle, transmit the MAC superframe 141 of wherein polymerization at SIFS about the QoS data of TID2.After cycle, transmit piece Ack request 142 at SIFS about TID1.This external SIFS transmits the piece Ack 143 about TID1 after the cycle.After SIFS, transmit piece Ack request 144 about TID2 about the piece Ack 143 of TID1.This external SIFS transmits the piece Ack 145 about TID2 after the cycle.Be noted that after the QoS data that send corresponding TID the timing of transmission block Ack request needn't be restricted especially.That is, in Figure 14, the SIFS after transmitting MAC superframe 140 is after the cycle, but transmission block Ack request 142.
According to the polymerization example 1 of piece Ack, a plurality of QoS Frames of piece Ack target are aggregated in the MAC superframe, and are transmitted, thereby can improve efficiency of transmission.
[polymerization example 2 of piece Ack]
In the polymerization example 2 of piece Ack, as shown in Figure 15, except the polymerization of QoS Frame 150, piece Ack claim frame 151 also is aggregated in the physical frame (MAC superframe).
Under the situation of polymerization maximum number for for example 8 frames (maximum aggregate number is recognized in supposition in advance through consultation) of MAC superframe, seven QoS data are aggregated, and a piece Ack claim frame is affixed to the afterbody of polymerization PSDU (PHY service data unit).According to the MPDU length field 152 of MAC super-frame header, at recipient's processing block Ack claim frame 151 rightly.Here, can not polymeric block Ack request before the QoS data.Because, shown in piece Ack claim frame 151, determine the homing sequence number of the accepting state target of QoS data for foundation piece Ack homing sequence control field, need carry out the processing (erroneous calculations) of QoS data in advance.
Represented the piece Ack sequence that this is routine among Figure 16.Except a plurality of QoS Frames, piece Ack request further is aggregated in the MAC superframe 160,161, thereby can improve efficiency of transmission.
[polymerization example 3 of piece ACK]
In the polymerization example 3 of piece Ack, the piece Ack request of QoS Frame and the correspondence that proposes about a plurality of TID is aggregated in the physical frame and is transmitted.
As shown in Figure 17, have the QoS data of Ack strategy " piece affirmation " 170,171, and corresponding piece Ack request 172,173 is aggregated in the physical frame, thereby produces a MAC superframe about different TID.As shown in Figure 18, when the MAC superframe that produces is transmitted, can further improve efficiency of transmission.
[polymerization example 4 of piece Ack]
Do not requiring the Ack strategy of any Ack " No affirmation " mac frame, under the mixed situation of Ack strategy " piece affirmation " mac frame that requires the affirmation corresponding, according to the communication equipment polymerization mac frame of the polymerization example 4 of piece Ack with the mac frame that transmits according to burst mode.
As shown in Figure 19, this routine MAC superframe has bitmap id field 190, length (bitmap lengths) field 191 and elongated bitmap (message bit pattern) 192.In bitmap ID 190, describing indicating bit graph type (bitmap element) is the identifier (ID) of the combined strategy of Ack strategy " No affirmation " and Ack strategy " piece affirmation ".In length field 191,, the length of message bit pattern 192 is described with for example byte unit.
In message bit pattern 192, in a plurality of mac frames in being aggregated to the MAC superframe, the mac frame that is identified as " No affirmation " is described and is the information of the mac frame of " piece affirmation ".For example, in the frame aggregation example shown in Figure 19, total 8 mac frames of combined polymerization, wherein 3 frames (QoS data 1-3) need utilize the affirmation of piece Ack, and 5 frames (Figure 19 has only represented QoS data 1,2) are without any need for ACK.
In this case, for example, when the bit that requires piece Ack for for example 1 the time, message bit pattern 192 indications " 11100000 ", and be set up (being noted that needless to say this bit can be a negative logic value) in emission side.Receiving terminal produces piece Ack according to message bit pattern 192, and this ACK is returned to launch terminal.
For example, as shown in Figure 20, suppose that MAC superframe 2002 is transmitted from launch terminal, after MAC superframe 2002, from launch terminal transmission block Ack request 2003.Receiving terminal is according to the piece Ack in first three the mac frame needs MAC superframe 2002 in the message bit pattern 2001 judgement MAC superframes 2002 that are included in the MAC superframe 2002, and remaining 5 mac frames are without any need for ACK.Response is from the piece Ack request 2003 of launch terminal, and receiving terminal returns the information of piece Ack 2004.
According to the polymerization example 4 of piece Ack, the polymerization of the mac frame by having different Ack strategies can improve efficiency of transmission.Be noted that message bit pattern needn't be as having variable-length in this example, it can have regular length.In this case, without any need for length information.
The polymerization example 4 that is noted that piece Ack can be by the frame aggregation of QoS data and piece Ack request, perhaps by about among a plurality of TID each the QoS data and the frame aggregation of piece Ack request realize.In this case, can realize supporting simultaneously the transmission of " No affirmation " and " piece affirmation " Ack strategy.
(the 5th embodiment)
When the MSDU size of fixed service amount stream,, the information of indicating the MPDU number is included in the MAC super-frame header according to the communication equipment of the 5th embodiment so that when being aggregated to a plurality of MPDU in the physical frame.
In IEEE802.11e, when utilizing HCCA to communicate, QoS station (QSTA) (is also referred to as hybrid coordinator: traffic flow is set HC) at the QoS access point.Figure 21 is illustrated in the TSPEC 210 that uses when traffic flow is set.TSPEC has nominal MSDU size field 211.Nominal MSDU size field 211 is 2 byte longs, comprises according to this traffic specification, is the signless integer of the nominal size of the unit regulation MSDU that belongs to TS with the byte.If the stator field is set as 1, the size of MSDU is fixed and is indicated by big or small son field 212 so.If the stator field is set as 0, the size of MSDU may not be fixed so.
When the size of the Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit in being aggregated to the MAC superframe (MPDU) had variable-length, the MPDU length field that is used to discern each segmentation was essential.When being informed in advance MSDU have regular length when traffic flow is set, the MPDU length field can be omitted, and replaces the number of the MPDU that polymerization can be set.So, can reduce wherein to preserve the size of the MAC super-frame header of MPDU length field.
Figure 22 represents that according to the 5th embodiment wherein MPDU length is the MAC superframe of regular length.In MAC super-frame header 220, the field (the polymerization number field among Figure 22) 221 of the number of the MPDU of indication polymerization can extract MPDU 1,2,3 ...Be noted that in the example of Figure 22 the frame with equivalent TSID 222 can be aggregated in the MAC superframe.
In MPDU, mac header (comprising the QoS control field among the IEEE 802.11e) and FCS (FCS) are added among the MSDU.The receiving terminal of MAC superframe at first calculates the mistake (utilizing header CRC 223) of MAC super-frame header.When frame can correctly be received, judge the TSID that is aggregated in the MPDU in the MAC super-frame header according to TSID field 222.When obtaining TSID information, from being provided with of traffic flow, detect the regular length of MSDU.On the other hand, the length of each MPDU is corresponding to nominal MSDU length (fixing) with comprise the mac header length of QoS control field and the summation of FCS length.Receiving terminal is judged each accepting state of MPDU, produces part Ack according to the result, and returns affirmation to the launch terminal of MAC superframe.
For example, transmission control protocol (TCP) by situation about using such as file transfer protocol (FTP) (FTP) application program under, when (for example file is downloaded and finished), the length of Frame shortens sometimes when sign off.When having the nominal MSDU length of regular length on the specified services amount stream, in the MAC layer, can not launch/receive last frame.In this case, when producing MSDU,, realize regular length MSDU for the Bit String of " 0 " is filled into the rear portion.The recipient is used to the length field of the IP header in the upper strata of MAC, extracts the pay(useful) load with correct length.Because MSDU has the regular length of appointment when setting up traffic flow, therefore can correctly carry out the communication in the MAC layer.
In addition, when setting up a plurality of traffic flow, and when being designated as regular length corresponding to all nominal MSDU length fields of each traffic flow, the a plurality of MPDU that have different business amount flow identifier (TSID) by polymerization, constitute a MAC superframe, and this MAC superframe can be used as a physical frame and is transmitted.
Another communication equipment according to present embodiment is that the mac frame of being appointed as regular length in a plurality of traffic flow is aggregated in the physical frame, and the information of indicating services amount flow identifier, be included in the header with the information of number of the polymerization MPDU of each traffic flow of indication, so that transmit the communication equipment of this information.
Figure 23 has represented when mixing a plurality of TSID, the polymerization of regular length mac frame.In this example, the field (number of TSID) 231 of the number of indication polymerization TSID is added in the MAC super-frame header 230.MAC super-frame header 230 has variable-length field 232, and variable-length field 232 has a pair of TSID and according to the number of TSID, with respect to the field of the number of TSID indication polymerization MPDU.
Receive the number of the terminal of MAC superframe according to MAC super-frame header 230 detection polymerization TSID, and the number of MPDU.With regard to the length of MPDU with regular length, same way as is as described above calculated the aggregate value of MPDU length (it is fixing MSDU length, the summation of mac header and FCS) about each traffic flow.In using as above-mentioned FTP, during from the contraction in length of the Frame on upper strata, " 0 " is filled into the rear portion of MSDU, can set fixing length.Even in this case, owing to indicate the field value of the IP datagram literary composition length of IP header not to be rewritten, so the data pay(useful) load on upper strata is also unaffected.It should be noted the form with regard to the MAC superframe, utilize the MPDU length field of MAC super-frame header, polymerizable has the MPDU of different length.In present embodiment, the MPDU with regular length is aggregated, and the information of the number of indication MPDU can be added in the MAC super-frame header.The form that the MAC super-frame header will adopt is assumed to basis (being different from a kind of specific machinery of consultation of the target of present embodiment) with what hold consultation in advance between emitter/receiver.
Following the 6th-Di 11 embodiment relate to the polymerization of a plurality of mac frames, and wherein a plurality of destinations are targets, and carry out radio hookup transmission simultaneously.
In general, the transmission to a mac frame of a destination terminal in the MAC of WLAN layer is called as " clean culture ", and wherein a plurality of destinations are that the transmission of a mac frame of receiving target is called as " multicast ".On the other hand, in the explanation of embodiments of the invention, a plurality of mac frames are aggregated in the physical frame, and a plurality of destination will be called as " radio hookup simultaneously " as the transmission of receiving target.
Here, consider that the mac frame with a plurality of destinations is aggregated in the physical frame simply, and situation about broadcasting simultaneously to each STA from AP.In this case, exist and just broadcast the MAC superframe simultaneously, from the part A ck frame conflict of each receiving terminal, thus the problem that can not correctly communicate.According to the definition of IEEE802.11, the STA that receives unicast data frames is the acknowledgement channel state not, and SIFS returns the ACK frame after at interval immediately in the past.So, high from the possibility that the ACK frame of a plurality of STA clashes.
In order to address this problem, in communication system according to an embodiment of the invention, comprise that a plurality of destinations MAC superframe broadcasts to STA simultaneously from AP.When each STA when AP transmits an ACK frame, the transmission timing preferably is moved, so that avoid conflicting with ACK frame from another STA when poor (this will be called as ACK).
In the returning part Ack, each terminal is provided with NAV rightly when another terminal difference, and stops the transmission of Frame etc.Be noted that the NAV duration is next definite by number * (the SIFS+ACK transmission time) of residual terminal.Supposition equates from the transmission rate of the ACK of each STA among this embodiment of the present invention.But, if the ACK transmission rate difference of each STA is so preferably calculated the corresponding ACK transmission time.
(the 6th embodiment)
So that when transmitting this frame, the information of the ordinal number of the destination correspondence of indication and mac frame is added the front portion of each mac frame when a mac frame of giving a plurality of destinations being aggregated in the physical frame according to the communication equipment of the 6th embodiment.
When the mac frame of giving a plurality of destinations is aggregated in the physical frame and is transmitted, indicate the divided information (multiple access bitmap) of each destination to be considered to and to be added in the MAC super-frame header.But in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 24, the added field 240 that size is about 1 byte is added into the front portion of each Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (MPDU), to replace the multiple access bitmap.The information (being called POS (position) field) of the ordinal number of the field 240 description indications of each adding and the destination of this MPDU correspondence.
When formation comprises the physical frame of a plurality of media access control (MAC) frames with various objectives ground, the indication of multiple access bitmap with comprise with physical frame in the destination of last MPDU compare the information that the position of the frame that its destination changes is relevant.Specifically, this information comprises the bit corresponding with the mac frame of polymerization, and indicates a plurality of destinations to divide.
The example of Figure 24 is represented the situation that 8 MPDU are aggregated, but this number is not fixed.For example, in the example of Figure 24, four mac frames giving destination (DEST) " α " that begin from the head are aggregated, and indicate the information " 1 " of first destination to be added into and add in each anterior POS field.The information " 2 " of indication second destination is described in the POS field of the front portion of the follow-up mac frame of giving destination β.Here, if the value of all POS fields all is " 1 ", has meaned in a MAC superframe polymerization so and given the mac frame of a destination.
When the MAC super-frame header has the MPDU length field, the length of each mac frame is described in this field, can cut away the Frame of polymerization in the pay(useful) load of MAC superframe according to this length.On the other hand, increase in this example of a POS field to the front portion of MPDU therein, in the MPDU length field, describe the value that equals (POS field (be a byte this moment)+MPDU length).In the present embodiment, in all fields of POS field and mac header and frame body field, calculate the FCS field.Thereby can detect the mistake of POS field with respect to mac header or mac frame body.
According to the multiple access bitmap in the MAC super-frame header, can judge existence, but can a kind of form irrespectively be set with the multiple access bitmap to the MPDU of a plurality of destinations.For example, as shown in Figure 25, the destination number field 251 of the number of indication polymerization destination is added in the MAC super-frame header 250.When the value of field 251 is 1, in the MAC superframe, only there is a kind of address.The ordinal number of follow-up destination field 252 and POS field 253 indication destination-address and this destination.For example, in Figure 25, suppose to the MPDU of destination " α " and be aggregated for the MPDU of destination " β ".Description value " 2 " in destination number field 251 is so that point out to exist two destinations.Destination field 252 and POS field have the regular length of 6 bytes (being used for MAC Address) and 1 byte respectively.In the example of Figure 25, the MAC Address of destination α is described in 1 field of destination, the information of the ordinal number of indication destination α is described in POS 1 field.In 2 fields of destination, describe the MAC Address of destination β, in POS 2 fields, describe the information of the ordinal number (being 2 in this example) of indication destination β.
Be noted that in supposition and describe under the situation of the destination field 252 in the MAC super-frame header 250, do not need POS field 253 according to the order of polymerization mac frame.
(the 7th embodiment)
When a mac frame of giving a plurality of destinations being aggregated to a physical frame so that transmitting this frame, use the ground channel about a plurality of purposes the duration to be included in the MAC super-frame header according to the communication equipment of the 7th embodiment.
In the present embodiment, when the MAC superframe of a plurality of destinations is given in radio hookup simultaneously, needn't equal duration value in the mac header from the acknowledgement frame of each destination.
The 7th embodiment relates to the situation that each ACK has variable-length.As shown in Figure 26, the channel about each destination uses the duration (duration 1, duration 2) to describe in MAC super-frame header 260.Usually in the IEEE802.11 standard, in the duration of unicast data mac frame field, describe (short interFrameGap (SIFS) time+ACK delivery time).Duration value about Frame is calculated the rule that transmits the data rate of the control frame in the frame turnaround sequence based on definite.Be noted that as shown in Figure 27, can constitute MAC super-frame header 270.In this case, do not comprise any multiple access bitmap, and channel uses duration and destination to be illustrated together.When supposition during about each destination polymerization MPDU, does not need the destination field in the MAC super-frame header 270 especially in the MAC superframe.
Size to the part A ck of MAC superframe response increases with the number of the MPDU of polymerization with being directly proportional.For example, when the number of the MPDU in being aggregated in the MAC superframe was 8, the size of the part A ck bitmap of part A ck response was 1 byte.But, when the number of the MPDU of polymerization is 9 or when bigger (within 16), part A ck bitmap needs the size of 2 bytes.That is, the information of the number of the MPDU that MAC superframe launch terminal can will be aggregated and transmit according to indication about each destination, each delivery time of ACK when estimating from destination poor.
For example, as shown in Figure 28, consider that 16 MPDU are aggregated and are delivered to the situation of two destination DEST1 and DEST2 (13 MPDU give DEST1, and 3 MPDU give DEST2).Because therefore the length difference of the part A ck that each destination produces response determines corresponding duration value 280,281.Be aggregated and be delivered under the situation of DEST1 at 13 MPDU, the size of part A ck bitmap is 2 bytes.When 3 MPDU were aggregated and are delivered to DEST2, this size was 1 byte.
In the example of Figure 28, receive broadcast the MAC superframe simultaneously after, SIFS at interval after, the terminal returning part Ack 282 of DEST1.There is the address of the terminal of DEST2 in next.After the value of wait for the duration 1, this terminal transmits its part A ck 283 (till the end of transmission of the part A ck of DEST1)+SIFS time.After finishing translator unit Ack 282, the network allocation vector (NAV) 284 of the summation correspondence of DEST1 setting and remaining duration value.The NAV of the total value of the duration field of the terminal setting MAC super-frame header of its purpose in not being present in the MAC superframe.In the example of Figure 28, the corresponding NAV 285 of summation (value that the value addition of duration 1 and duration 2 is obtained) of the value of the duration of the terminal except that DEST1, DEST2 (other STA) setting and MAC super-frame header.
Figure 29 is the flow chart of the operation of expression receiving terminal.Receive have a plurality of destinations MAC superframe (step S1) afterwards, receiving terminal calculates the mistake (step S2) of MAC super-frame header.As result as erroneous calculations, there is one when wrong, this MAC superframe is dropped (step S3).After channel became the free time, the duration carrier wave of carrying out extended inter frame space (EIFS) detected (step S4).
When header does not have mistake, each mac frame is checked wrong (step S5).Subsequently, check the number (M) of the destination be aggregated in the mac frame in the MAC superframe and the ordinal number (N-th) (step S9) of the MAC Address of himself terminal of existing.
For example, give and the mac frame of the receiving terminal of DEST1 correspondence at first is aggregated (N=1), according to the similar order of common frame aggregation, SIFS at interval after (step S15), receiving terminal translator unit Ack frame (the piece Ack that perhaps in IEEE802.11e, defines) (step S16).Afterwards, terminal is set and the NAV of the total duration correspondence of the value of duration 2-M, and stops the transmission of Frame, returning part Ack (step S17) when another terminal (DEST2, other STA) differs from simultaneously.
At DEST1 translator unit Ack (step S11) afterwards, after the past SIFS interval (step S12), the DEST2 translator unit Ack (step S13) of next polymerization.In addition, after its terminal translator unit Ack, the NAV (step S14) of the total duration correspondence of the value of setting and duration N+1-M.
In its terminal is that the mac frame of destination is not present under the situation in the MAC superframe, sets the corresponding NAV (step S7) of total duration with the value of duration 1-M.
Figure 30,31 has represented the configuration example of the wireless communication system that the present invention is suitable for.Wherein a plurality of mac frames are aggregated to a communication system in the physical frame and are suitable for AP (or the hybrid coordinator of IEEE802.11e: HC) and down link between the STA and ul transmissions, ad hoc according to independent basic service set (IBSS) between the STA communicates by letter, and sets up the communication of (DLS) between the QSTA according to the direct link of IEEE802.11e.
(the 8th embodiment)
The 8th embodiment relates to the piece Ack under the situation about wherein broadcasting simultaneously.Communication equipment according to the 8th embodiment is aggregated to a physical frame to the mac frame with Ack strategy " piece affirmation " of giving a plurality of destinations so that transmit this frame, to each destination transmission block Ack request, and receives piece Ack.According to another communication equipment of present embodiment in a mac frame of giving a plurality of destinations and piece Ack frame aggregation to a physical frame with Ack strategy " piece affirmations " transmitting this frame, and receive piece Ack during difference from a plurality of destinations.
As shown in Figure 32, in IEEE802.11e, transmit have the Ack strategy QoS Frame of " piece affirmation " at interval every SIFS.
In the present embodiment, be aggregated in the physical frame for the QoS Frame of a plurality of destinations, therefore improved efficiency of transmission.As shown in Figure 33, represent that the information of the existence of a plurality of destinations is added in the MAC super-frame header, be each destination division QoS Frame, and it is aggregated in the pay(useful) load part.At this moment, can be as constituting the MAC superframe shown in above-mentioned Figure 24,25.There is not any particular restriction, needs only the existence that can enough judge a plurality of destinations at MAC superframe receiving terminal, and relative position.In the example of Figure 33, use multiple access bitmap 331.
In addition, as shown in Figure 34, be aggregated in the physical frame for the piece Ack target QoS Frame of a plurality of destinations, and be transmitted, therefore can improve efficiency of transmission as MAC superframe 340.Figure 34 represents to respond MAC superframe 340 piece Ack request 341,342 afterwards, and (QSTA1, QSTA2) transmission block Ack 343,344 from corresponding target ground.
In addition, as shown in Figure 35, best polymerization QoS Frame not only, but also polymeric block Ack request 350,351.In this case, be that each destination divides frame and request, and with its polymerization, and describe the frame sign of each frame (QoS data, piece Ack request).Therefore, MPDU is cut off rightly, and transmission block Ack can differ from the time.In the example of Figure 36, produce three Frames that have to QSTA1, give the piece Ack request of QSTA1, give three Frames of QSTA2, give a MAC superframe 360 of the piece Ack request of QSTA2, and broadcast simultaneously to QSTA1,2 from HC as a physical frame.Piece Ack361,362 quilts from corresponding QSTA receive when poor, so the efficiency of transmission of whole system is enhanced.
(the 9th embodiment)
When a plurality of mac frames of giving a certain destination are aggregated in the physical frame and are transmitted, but after the SIFS interval, when the terminal of this destination can not transmit ACK, can transmit the ACK frame in the duration once more being set at long slightly NAV in advance according to the communication equipment of the 9th embodiment.
When a plurality of mac frames of giving a certain destination are aggregated in the physical frame and are transmitted, when after the SIFS interval, when the terminal of this destination can not transmit ACK, can be aggregated to the mac frame of giving another destination in the physical frame so that transmit this frame according to another communication equipment of present embodiment, and transmit the ACK frame during difference.
In addition, when a plurality of mac frames of giving a plurality of destinations are aggregated in the physical frame and are transmitted, when the SIFS after the MAC superframe is received in the first polymerization destination can not transmit any ACK after at interval, transmit the ACK frame in the duration in proper order since first destination being set at long slightly NAV in advance according to another communication equipment of present embodiment.
In the 9th embodiment, in communication equipment, adopt the turbine code that in decode procedure, needs the more time, perhaps under the situation of low-density checksum (LDPC) sign indicating number, solved the problem that in time to handle in the short interFrameGap of in IEEE802.11, determining (SIFS).Be aggregated in the physical frame at a plurality of mac frames, and be transmitted to after a certain destination, after the SIFS interval, the destination terminal must be returned ACK, but for the decode procedure under the certain situation, can not transmit any ACK.
In this case, as shown in Figure 37, the value of the duration that will set about the terminal except that the terminal of destination is set to long slightly, therefore the destination terminal is given to transmit once more the chance of ACK frame.Terminal except that the terminal of destination is set the network allocation vector (NAV) 370 of the duration of determining, and stops transmission.So, even when the destination terminal transmits the ACK frame, any conflict can not take place yet.Carrying out in a certain destination of supposition usually need be than the cataloged procedure of long process time, and can not return under the situation of ACK after at interval at SIFS, in advance in Basic Service Set (BSS) another terminal of this result notification.In the example of Figure 37, the mac frame of a destination is given in a polymerization.Receiving terminal except that purpose also terminal is set the duration NAV of the twice that for example is SIFS interval and the summation of ACK delivery time.Here, the numerical value of twice is not fixing especially, can notify a period of time of duration between wireless terminal.MAC superframe launch terminal can be described appropriate value in the duration of MPDU field.
Under the state of Figure 37 (that is, a polymerization is given under a kind of state of mac frame of destination in the MAC superframe), it has been generally acknowledged that needs long decode time.In this case, when the frame (for example sending to the frame of DEST2, DEST3) of a plurality of destinations was given in polymerization as shown in Figure 38, after the SIFS interval, the possibility that the first destination terminal can transmit ACK increased.This is based on such hypothesis: carry out cataloged procedure with symbolic unit, and the usually available less processing time transmit ACK, as long as in whole M AC superframe, guarantee to be used for time to frame (at the example of Figure 38, three MPDU) decoding of giving first destination.
Now, consider wherein to be aggregated in the physical frame, and when being transmitted when the mac frame of giving a plurality of destinations, SIFS at interval after, the situation of any ACK can not be transmitted in first destination.In this case, this terminal do not need in advance indication SIFS at interval in, can not transmit the information of any ACK and notify another terminal.As shown in Figure 39, terminal D EST2, the DEST3 except that the first polymerization terminal, other STA set the NAV390,391,392 greater than usual value.Be set at big slightly NAV corresponding to (the ACK delivery time of SIFS+ first destination).In the example of Figure 39, because another terminal prolongs many NAV in advance, therefore after the interval of the SIFS after receiving the MAC superframe, can not return under the situation of any ACK, first destination can be transmitted ACK 393 once more.Be noted that in the example of Figure 39 after all other terminals were finished transmission ACK, ACK was transmitted in first destination.But, as shown in Figure 40, can be since first destination, order transmits ACK 400,401,402.
(the tenth embodiment)
The tenth embodiment relates to the appointment of the transmission timing of ACK.According to the communication equipment of the tenth embodiment the mac frame of giving a plurality of destinations is aggregated in the physical frame so that transmit this frame, and, the information of specifying the time of transmitting ACK is included in the MAC super-frame header with respect to each destination terminal.
Replacement is calculated the timing that transmits ACK at the receiving terminal of MAC superframe, and present embodiment is specified the time of transmitting ACK in MAC superframe emission side in advance.Represented among Figure 41-44 that emission side specifies the frame format under the situation of the timing that transmits ACK.
Figure 41 and 42 represents that the time appointed information of wherein ACK transmission timing is included in the example in the MAC super-frame header 410,420.ACK transmits the time started and indicates each destination should transmit the timing of ACK.Specifically, after receiving the MAC superframe, transmit ACK afterwards, transmit the value of describing N in the time started at ACK at SIFS+N (microsecond).In this case, the ACK with regard to first destination transmits the time started 1, appointment " 0 ".On the other hand, can carry out the designation method that after receiving the MAC superframe, returns ACK after the N microsecond.Utilize the size of indicating section Ack, the ordinal number of physical transmission rate and destination, calculate in transmission side second destination and subsequent ACK transmission timing.Transmit the concluding time and represent to finish scheduled time of the transmission of all ACK.This is indication from receiving that the MAC superframe is to the information that transmits the time (unit is a microsecond) required till all ACK.Be noted that if according to the sequential polymerization MPDU of destination, do not need the destination field of the MAC super-frame header 420 of Figure 41 so, but this field be another situation (the inconsistent situation of the order of the MPDU of polymerization) information necessary.
Figure 43 represents that ACK transmits the time started 430 and the transmission concluding time 431 is added into the front portion that is aggregated in the MPDU in the MAC superframe.In this case, the value of MPDU length field is increased the field length that ACK transmits time started 430 and transmission concluding time 431.In all fields of ACK transmission time started 430 and ACK transmission concluding time 431 and MPDU, calculate FCS.Figure 44 represents that ACK transmits the time started 440 and is added in the front portion that is aggregated in the MPDU in the MAC superframe, and one is transmitted the concluding time 442 and is added in the MAC super-frame header 441.In Figure 43, with respect to comprising the time field, trailer field, the FCS that the target of mac header and mac frame pay(useful) load is carried out in the pay(useful) load of MAC superframe calculates.In Figure 44, the calculating target of FCS comprises the time field, mac header and mac frame pay(useful) load.
As shown in Figure 45, the transmission that the receiving terminal of DEST1 transmits time started 450 beginning ACK (part A ck) at ACK, and after transmitting ACK, set NAV 453, till transmitting the concluding time 452.The receiving terminal of DEST2 transmits the transmission of time started 451 beginning ACK (part A ck) at ACK.The transmission end time of ACK 456 is consistent with the transmission concluding time 452, and NAV is not set.Another terminal (other STA) that is not the object of frame reception is provided with NAV 454, till transmitting the concluding time 452.
(the 11 embodiment)
Indicate about each priority according to the communication equipment clustering of the 11 embodiment, need and the mac frame that does not need ACK, in frame aggregation to a physical frame, and transmit this frame with regard to a plurality of destinations.Transmit ACK during each destination terminal difference.
As shown in Figure 46, MAC super-frame header 460 not only comprises multiple access bitmap 461 but also comprise Ack policy bit Figure 46 2.Each receiving terminal can be set NAV rightly according to multiple access bitmap 461, and calculates the transmission timing of ACK.On the other hand, according to Ack policy bit Figure 46 2, when all MPDU that give a certain destination had Ack strategy " No affirmation ", any ACK was not transmitted in the destination, transmitted the mode of ACK with follow-up destination terminal and carried out ACK control.
For example, as shown in Figure 47, owing to have Ack strategy " No affirmation " for all MPDU of DEST2, therefore after the transmission that finishes ACK 470, DEST3 is transferring ACK 471 immediately.The terminal of DEST2 is set NAV 472, till the end of transmission of all ACK.The header structure that is noted that the MAC superframe shown in Figure 46 only is an example.When making up above-mentioned header format rightly, when perhaps specifying ACK transmission timing, can raise the efficiency.
(the 12 embodiment)
Figure 48 is the block diagram of expression according to the structure of the communication equipment (access point) of the 12nd embodiment of the present invention.Communication equipment 100A is the equipment by Radio Link and another communication apparatus communication, comprises corresponding respectively to physics (PHY) layer, processing unit 101A, 102A and the 103A of MAC layer and link layer.According to realizing requirement, these processing units are realized as the analog or digital electronic circuit, perhaps are embodied as the firmware that will be carried out by the CPU that is included among the LSI etc.Antenna 104A is connected with physical layer processing unit 101A (below will omit " processing unit ").MAC layer 102A has according to polymerization processing apparatus 105A of the present invention.Polymerization processing apparatus 105A comprises carrier wave detection control apparatus 106A, medium access control apparatus 108A, poll/data transmission period table control device 1051 and re-transmission control device 107A.Physical layer 101A is configured to handle two kinds of physical layer protocol.In order to handle corresponding protocol, physical layer 101A has first kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 109A and second kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 110A.Be noted that in this realization first kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 109A and second kind of common common circuit of physical layer protocol processing unit 110A are so they needn't independently exist.
In this embodiment of the present invention, first kind of physical layer protocol defined by IEEE802.11a, and second kind of physical layer protocol is assumed to be at emission side and utilizes the what is called of a plurality of antennas to advance have more agreement that (MIMO) adopt with the recipient more.Even, also can predict the increase of the transmission capacity that substantially is directly proportional with the number of antenna when frequency band is saved equally.So MIMO is that effective more high-throughput with IEEE802.11 is one of technology of target.Suppose that link layer 103A has the usual link layer functionality by the IEEE802 definition.The technology of the increase transmission rate that adopts is not limited to MIMO.For example, also can use the method that increases the frequency band occupation rate, the perhaps combination of this method and MIMO.
Figure 49 is the block diagram of expression according to the structure of the communication equipment (terminal) of present embodiment.Be that with the main distinction of the communication equipment shown in Figure 48 (access point) 100A the MAC layer 102 of access point 100A has the poll/data transmission period table control device 1051 that can carry out poll control, and the MAC layer 102S of terminal 100S has the data transmission period table control device 1052 of no poll control.Other construction package and access point 100A's is similar, and the afterbody of Reference numeral becomes " S ".
Figure 50 represents an example for the frame format of using according to the communication equipment of present embodiment.Frame format 200 is the frame structure that is associated with physical layer and MAC layer of expression schematically.More particularly, this form is assumed that the form that meets IEEE802.11, perhaps its extended version.The frame that is noted that IEEE802.11 is divided into three classes roughly: control frame; Management frames; And Frame; The supposition present embodiment is mainly used in Frame and control frame among the present invention, but needn't get rid of the application to management frames.As shown in Figure 50, frame format 200 comprises PHY header 201, MAC super-frame header 202, MAC superframe pay(useful) load 203 and PHY telegram end 204.MAC super-frame header 202 and MAC superframe pay(useful) load 203 are corresponding to the PHY pay(useful) load that illustrates later.
PHY header 201 is handled by the physical layer 101 of received communication equipment (access point, or terminal).That is, physical layer 101 is carried out the detection of frame header, and carrier wave detects, and timing is set up synchronously, the automatic gain control (AGC) of amplifier, the tracking of the side's of emission carrier frequency (automatic frequency control), transmission channel estimation etc.Physical layer 101 also detects the modulation scheme and the encoding rate of the PHY pay(useful) load after the PHY header 201, transmission rate, and data length.
Figure 51 represents an example of the form of first kind of PHY frame.When communication equipment according to the present invention and existing communication apparatus communication, use first kind of PHY frame, first kind of PHY frame handled (adopting the communication according to IEEE802.11a here) by first kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 109 of physical layer 101.As shown in Figure 51, first kind of PHY frame, that is, first kind of PLCP frame comprises Physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) 301, PLCP long preamble 302, signal field 303 and data field 304.Signal field 303 is corresponding to PLCP header 305, and as shown in the figure, has transmission rate field 306 and data length field 307.Be noted that needless to say first kind of PHY frame is not limited to the PYH frame of IEEE802.11a definition.
Figure 52 represents an example of the form of second kind of PHY frame.Second kind of PHY frame, that is, second kind of PLCP frame has first header portion 401 that is used for first kind of physical layer protocol and second header portion 402 that is used for second kind of physical layer protocol.First header portion 401 and second header portion 402 are arranged along time series, and corresponding to the PHY header 201 shown in Figure 50.
In addition, second kind of PHY frame has the PHY pay(useful) load 403 after second header portion 402, and tail bit and filling bit 404.PHY pay(useful) load 403 corresponding to shown in MAC super-frame header 202 and MAC superframe pay(useful) load 203, and corresponding to the PLCP service data unit (PSDU) in the form of physical layer.Tail bit and filling bit 404 are corresponding to the PHY telegram end 204 of Figure 50.
Because second kind of PHY frame is formed form as shown in Figure 52, can explain first signal field 407 at least according to the existing communication equipment of first kind of physical layer protocol work only, according to signal field 407, the carrier wave that correctly carries out physical layer detects.So, can share identical physical-layer carrier detection information between the communication equipment according to second kind of physical layer protocol work at existing communication equipment with except first kind of physical layer protocol.Be noted that existing communication equipment can not share the carrier wave of MAC layer and detect information, but by part A ck, this can not cause any problem.
Indication is when transmitting the PHY pay(useful) load on physical medium, the medium of PHY pay(useful) load take the information of duration (below be called " physics takies the duration ") and the carrier wave detection information that signal strength signal intensity is used as physical layer together.In case detect by physical carrier, the physics of having understood the PHY pay(useful) load takies the duration, so received communication equipment think that physical medium is occupied should the duration (PHY is busy).In addition, surpass a certain threshold value, also think the occupied a certain duration of physical medium for signal strength signal intensity.According to the transmission rate (408 or 413) and the data length (409 or 414) of detected PHY pay(useful) load in received communication equipment, the physics that can calculate the PYH pay(useful) load takies the duration.Specifically, the value of the data length field of being represented by length in octets is by the value divided by the transmission rate field.This also is applicable to first kind of PHY frame shown in Figure 51.
Be noted that, during the maximum data length of the actual PYH pay(useful) load that allows less than second kind of physical layer protocol of the maximum data length (being 4096 eight bit bytes in IEEE802.11a) of the PHY pay(useful) load that allows when first kind of physical layer protocol, taking the duration with the physics of PHY pay(useful) load is suitable mode, phonily sets transmission rate field 408 and data length field 409 intentionally.Thereby the carrier wave that can share physical layer detects information.
Here, return description with reference to Figure 50.A MAC superframe is made up of the single PHY frame that comprises a plurality of mac frames.In the frame format 200 shown in the figure, MAC super-frame header 202 has 8 fixing mac frame data length field 1-8.Be noted that and suppose that in the present embodiment MAC super-frame header 202 has fixing length.But when increasing the information of the number of indicating mac frame, MAC super-frame header 202 can have variable-length.
For example, when in MAC superframe pay(useful) load 203, including only 4 mac frame 1-4, be that 0 value is embedded in and is not present among the mac frame data length field 5-8 of the mac frame 5-8 correspondence in the same pay(useful) load 203.In addition, Shuo Ming transmission control period in the back, for example, mac frame 1 and 3 need be returned, but mac frame 2 and 4 needn't be returned.In this case, the mac frame data length can be set as 0, is not the mac frame that retransmits target so that specify, such as mac frame data length 1＞0, and mac frame data length 2=0, the mac frame data are long by 3＞0, mac frame data length 4=0.
Be noted that in order to point out that mac frame does not exist, also can use except mac frame data length wherein and be set as method 0 the method.For example, maximum 8 mac frames can be included in the pay(useful) load of MAC superframe, and mac frame 1-4 is present in the MAC superframe, and mac frame 5-8 does not exist.In this case, the existence of frame can be by 8 bitmap indications.This bitmap is the part of MAC super-frame header (not shown).
HCS 205 is header checking sequences, be added into by this way in the header 202, so that the mistake in can MAC super-frame header 202 is detectable.When received communication equipment detects wrong in the MAC super-frame header 202 according to HCS 205, think that all mac frames that are included in the MAC superframe pay(useful) load 203 damage.
In order to prevent the buffer overflow in received communication equipment, the number that is included in the mac frame in the MAC superframe pay(useful) load 203 preferably is subjected to dynamic constraints (sliding window control).
Figure 53 represents an example of the form of mac frame.A mac frame that is included in the MAC superframe pay(useful) load 203 of Figure 50 comprises mac header 500, frame main body 501, and FCS (FCS) 502.Mac header 500 comprises frame control field 503, duration field 504, address field 505-507 and sequence control field 508.Frame main body 501 has the variable-length in the length range of 0～2312 eight bit byte, and is the pay(useful) load corresponding to the mac frame of Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (MPDU).
With regard to the acceleration of the physical layer by second kind of physical layer protocol (for example MIMO in the present embodiment), at present embodiment, a plurality of mac frames are included in the PHY frame as the MAC superframe, so this form is constituted effectively.So, avoided being attributable to the expense of the whole PHY frame of this form, i.e. PLCP header, various interFrameGaps (IFS), random back-off etc., and can significantly improve the throughput of communication.
Figure 54 represents an example according to the communication system of the 12nd embodiment of the present invention.In this communication system, communication equipment 1 (access point) is communicated by letter by Radio Link with communication equipment 2-4 (terminal).Shown communication equipment 1 has the structure shown in Figure 48.Communication equipment 2,3 (terminal) has the structure shown in Figure 49.On the other hand, communication equipment 4 (leaving over terminal) only comprises first kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 109S, does not comprise second kind of processing layer protocol processes device 110S.So this equipment is corresponding to the existing communication terminal that does not transmit any MAC superframe.
Figure 55 A has represented partly to confirm the form example of (part A ck) frame.Indicating this frame is in the type/subclass field of value incoming frame control field 550 of part A ck.Indication constitute to confirm whether the Frame of target is received the value importation Ack bitmap 551 of the affirmation state that terminal or access point successfully receive.Part A ck is used to realize selectable repeated retransmission control (so-called selectivity repetition).PHY feedback information 552 can be included in the part A ck frame, so that return other information of physical layer level.Can realize information (bit) (not shown) of the possible poll of part A ck.
Figure 55 B has represented the form example of poll (free of data) frame.Indicating this frame is in the type/sub-type field of value incoming frame control field 553 of the poll frame (being called " poll (free of data) ") that do not comprise any data.When access point when terminal is given transmission right, use poll (free of data) frame.Access point is assumed to be and meets IEEE802.11e " medium access control (MAC) service quality (QoS) management " (present draft specification) that perhaps its extended version perhaps may not observed this standard.Be noted that in IEEE802.11e physical access point distinguishes with the logic entity of the timetable management that is called hybrid coordinator, but can realize embodiments of the invention under the situation of not distinguishing them especially.
Figure 56 A represents the form example of Frame.Indicating this frame is in the type/sub-type field of value incoming frame control field 560 of Frame.User data (usually, link layer request MAC layer transmits this data) enters in the MAC pay(useful) load (perhaps MAC service data unit (MSDU)) 561.
Figure 56 B represents the form example of data+poll frame.Indicating this frame is in the type/sub-type field of value incoming frame control field of the poll frame (being called " data+poll ") that comprises data.Need be at access point to the terminal distribution transmission right, and access point transmits to terminal under the situation of user data 562 and uses data+poll frame.
These frames (mac frame) can be used as the single mac frame that is not aggregated and are transmitted/receive, and perhaps can be aggregated to together in the single one physical frame with other mac frame sometimes, and be transmitted/receive as the MAC superframe.
Be noted that conventional communication equipment 4 (leaving over terminal) be merely able to transmit/receive single mac frame, communication equipment 1 (access point) and communication equipment 2,3 (MIMO processing terminal) are assumed that and can transmit/receive single mac frame or MAC superframe.
Figure 57 is illustrated in a plurality of mac frames shown in Figure 50 and is aggregated under the situation in the single one physical frame, and all mac frames (mac frame 1-4) of basic aggregate frame format are data formats.The frame of Figure 57 is used between terminal and access point, perhaps transmission/receiving subscriber data mutually between terminal.
Figure 58 represents that the mac frame 1 of aggregate frame format is a part A ck frame, and mac frame 2 is data+poll frames, mac frame the 3, the 4th, the situation of Frame.Confirm (part A ck) at access point about terminal,, and transmit to terminal under the situation of user data, use the frame of Figure 58 to the terminal distribution transmission right.Here, as the terminal of confirming target, the terminal of transmission right is identical usually with terminal as the transfer of data target with being endowed, but does not forbid differing from one another.
Figure 59 represents that the mac frame 1 of aggregate frame format is a part A ck frame, and mac frame 2 is situations of poll (free of data) frame.At access point terminal is confirmed, and given the frame that uses Figure 59 under the situation of transmission right to this terminal.Here, identical usually as the terminal of confirming target with the terminal of giving transmission right, can not differ from one another yet.
Figure 60 represents that the mac frame 1 of aggregate frame format is the situation of poll (free of data) frame.Give the frame that uses Figure 60 under the situation of transmission right to terminal at access point.
The combination that is noted that a plurality of mac frames and an aggregate frame is not limited to said method, and other various combinations also are possible.
Figure 61 A is illustrated in the form example of the QoS Frame that has the QoS control field in the mac header.Indicating this frame is in the type/sub-type field of value incoming frame control field 610 of QoS Frame.User data (usually, link layer request MAC layer transmits this data) enters in the MAC pay(useful) load (or MAC service data unit (MSDU)) 611.
Figure 61 B is illustrated in the form example of the QoS data+poll frame that has the QoS control field in the mac header.Indicating this frame is that the value of QoS data+poll frame enters in the type/sub-type field of frame control field 612.Need give transmission right to terminal at access point, and access point uses this QoS data+poll frame under the situation of terminal transmission user data 613.
QoS data+poll frame of representing among the QoS Frame of representing among Figure 61 A and Figure 61 B is the QoS expansion of data+poll frame of the Frame of Figure 56 A and Figure 56 B, and observes IEEE802.11e or as its expansion, use these frames.
Figure 62 represents that the mac frame of polymerization is part A ck, QoS data+poll, the situation of 2 QoS Frames.The frame of Figure 62 is used between terminal and access point or between terminal transmission/receiving subscriber data mutually.In addition, the above-mentioned Frame in the aggregate frame format can be replaced with the QoS Frame, comprises that perhaps another combination of QoS Frame also is possible.
Figure 63 is illustrated under the situation of the point coordination function (pointcoordicate furnction:PCF) that uses the IEEE802.11-1999 definition, an example of frame change sequence.In IEEE802.11, in contention-free period 630, terminal and access point utilize the distributed coordination function (DCF) of CSMA/CA base station to fight for medium liberally.In no contention-free period 631, access point (logic entity that perhaps is called the some telegon in the access point) is controlled all medium by poll and is inserted.Access point regularly transmits beacon frame 632.No contention-free period 631 is by corresponding to no contention recurrence interval (integral multiple beacon transmission interval) 633 beginning, and finishes (CF-End) frame 634 by the no contention that access point transmits and finish, and perhaps finishes along with the past of CF_Max_Duration 635.Terminal except access point is set NAV 636 in no contention-free period 631, and thinks that medium are busy at the MAC layer.This forbids and does not rely on the active transmission of poll.
In the CF time (631), access point can transmit mac frame, poll for example, data, data+Ack, data+poll, data+Ack+ poll.Polled terminal can transmit data, data+Ack etc.Not polled terminal can not transmit any data, but can transmit Ack about the data that transmit from access point.Suppose that terminal produces response, access point work at SIFS in the cycle.When not returning the response of expection in SIFS, access point can start the frame sequence that will be ranked after next PIFS.
According to the capability information field that is included in beacon or the probing response frame, can judge whether access point has point coordination function (PCF).Become in the terminal of poll target in hope, the terminal of himself can receive the poll of the access point with poll, and this terminal transmits and comprises that indication registers to the association request frame of the capability information field of poll timetable.
IEEE802.11e has expanded method (the HCF controlled channel access: HCCA, Hybrid Coordination Function: HCF) of access point by the access control of poll execution medium.As shown in Figure 64, be that with the main distinction of IEEE802.11 access point (hybrid coordinator) can start the controlled access periods (CAP) 641,642,643 that be used for poll control in the random time in the contention-free period 640.That is, after the idle condition of confirming PIFS medium in the cycle, access point can start the arbitrary frame sequence of determining according to standard.The terminal of formation poll target is endowed the transmission right by transmission opportunity (TXOP) phase of the QoS control field appointment of poll frame.Interim at TXOP, terminal can launch/receive a plurality of mac frames by SIFS at interval continuously.When terminal transmitted empty Frame, before finishing to specify TXOP, it can return to access point to transmission right.
As another difference among the IEEE802.11e, determine to wish that the terminal of poll should be to the setting of access point requested service amount stream.When traffic flow was set up, the access point medium of control terminal by this way inserted, so that satisfy the QoS request such as wave band and postponing.That is, dispatch the transfer of data from the access point to the terminal by this way, so that under the situation of the qos requirement that satisfies appointment, transmit the MSDU of the traffic classification symbol (TCLAS) that satisfies appointment.With regard to the transfer of data from the terminal to the access point, access point is with the mode poll terminal of the qos requirement that satisfies appointment.
At IEEE802.11-1999, in the standard of IEEE802.11e, be used for the mac frame of poll control in other words, perhaps allowing the mac frame by the poll control break is the single mac frame that has one-to-one relationship with physical frame.This is not that wherein a plurality of mac frames are aggregated to a MAC superframe in the physical frame.But, when a plurality of mac frames are aggregated in the single one physical frame, can reduce subsidiary expense (preamble, physical header, interior interbody spacer (IFS), random back-off etc.), and can improve the efficiency of transmission of MAC layer about each physical frame.The polling sequence that below explanation is related to the mac frame of polymerization.
Figure 65 is illustrated in an example with the polling sequence under the situation of frame aggregation expansion PCF.No contention-free period is started by beacon frame 650.Transmitting the time (timing) of beacon frame 650 is determined by the poll/data transmission period table control device 1051 of access point.Before sending beacon 650, continue the free time of PIFS cycle request medium.This is confirmed by carrier wave detection control apparatus 106A.After confirming, medium access control apparatus 108A sends beacon frame 650 to physical layer.Beacon frame 650 must be comprised that all communication equipments that are assumed in accordance with the communication equipment 4 (STA3 leaves over) of the terminal of IEEE802.11a receive.So this frame forms first kind of (IEEE802.11a) physical frame by first kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 109A of emission/reception of control IEEE802.11a, and is transmitted.
Below, with the example of the symbol in this sequence chart of explanation.
F{BC (beacon) }: the beacon mac frame of broadcast address is given in its representative, and this frame is transmitted as the single mac frame that is not the MAC superframe.
SF{STA1 (poll (no data)) }: poll (free of data) mac frame of STA1 is given in its representative, and this frame is transmitted as the MAC superframe.
SF{STA1 (pack), STA2 (poll (no data)) }: it represents the frame that transmits as the mac frame of the part A ck that gives STA1 by polymerization and the MAC superframe of obtaining for poll (free of data) mac frame of STA2.
After the past SIFS, access point transmits poll (free of data) frame 651 to STA1, so that give transmission right to STA1 behind the transmission beacon frame.At this moment, the giving by the polling data transmission schedule control device 1051 of access point of transmission right of STA1 determined.In this example, poll (free of data) frame 651 is transmitted (" SF " among the figure is the abbreviation of " superframe ") as the MAC superframe.
This MAC superframe forms second kind of physical frame by second kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 110A of emission/reception of control MIMO, and is transmitted.But owing to only need a mac frame here, so this frame can be used as usual mac frame and is transmitted.In this case, this frame can form the physical frame of IEEE802.11a by first kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 109A of emission/reception of controlling IEEE802.11a, and is transmitted.
When access point transmits poll frame 651 with the form of second kind of physical frame, terminal (STA1) can be according to the state of the mimo channel between the long preamble of MIMO PLCP (Figure 52) estimation access point and the terminal.Usually, channel status is detected, and (for example carries out appropriate control in emission side, power loads, and bit loads, and their combination, wherein power or amount of information be by mean allocation, but the subcarrier of tilted rightly/distribute to a plurality of MIMO streams or a plurality of OFDM).Therefore the known transmission channel capacity increases.By simpler control, for example, the information of the received power that terminal is measured, the appropriate transmission rate (modulation system, encoding rate etc.) during can control transmission.
In addition, access point transmits the parameter under the situation of frame, and for example the information of transmitting power or antenna gain is included in the PHY feedback information 5000 (referring to Figure 50) of MAC super-frame header, estimation that therefore can the correction channel state.That is, can prevent difference, explain the result of channel estimating mistakenly according to transmitting power or antenna gain between access point and the terminal.For example, though the transmitting power of access point greater than the transmitting power of terminal, but terminal supposition transmitting power is mutually the same.When terminal is estimated channel, be familiar with channel status mistakenly.Think possible maximum rate under the channel status that is chosen in wrong understanding, and terminal is when access point transmits frame, access point can not receive this frame probably.So,, useful to the appropriate transmission control of terminal side being included in the PHY feedback information 5000 based on the physical layer accepting state data that are right after the transmission from the same terminal to the access point formerly (channel estimating information, error correction amount, received power).
Return the explanation of Figure 65.Receive that the terminal (STA1) from the poll of access point is aggregated to a plurality of Frames of giving access point in the single MAC superframe 652, and transmit this frame.The Frame that transmits is selected by the data transmission period table control device shown in Figure 49 1052.In the time needn't noting QoS etc., the Frame in the formation head can be elected as transmission objectives by order simply.When requiring QoS, have the Frame of high priority, the Frame that perhaps is in the timing of regular this frame of transmission is at first elected as transmission objectives.Frame with a plurality of priority can be included in the single MAC superframe.
When receiving its poll of terminal, the medium access control apparatus 108S of terminal shown in Figure 49 controls in the mode that transmits the MAC superframe after SIFS.The MAC superframe is constituted as and comprises the Frame of being selected by data transmission period table control device 1052 as mentioned above.The MAC superframe forms second kind of physical frame by second kind of physical layer control and treatment device 110S of emission/reception of control MIMO, and is transmitted.
When receiving frame, access point at first utilizes second kind of physical layer control and treatment device 110A (Figure 48) of emission/reception of control MIMO to receive physical layer 101A, extracts the MAC superframe, and this frame is sent to MAC layer 102A.In this case, the information of the accepting state among the physical layer 101A can be used as additional information and is forwarded to MAC layer 102A.
Whether the re-transmission control device 107A of access point is successfully received according to each Frame that FCS determines to be included in the MAC superframe, and produces the part A ck frame that comprises confirmation (part A ck bitmap).In addition, the information of the accepting state of physical layer 101A can be included in the PHY feedback information of part A ck frame.Poll/data transmission period table control device 1051 confirms not have any data that will be transmitted in terminal (STA1), and judges and should continue to give transmission right to this terminal.In this case, part A ck frame and poll (free of data) frame of terminal (STA1) is aggregated, thus produce MAC superframe 653.Medium access control apparatus 108A controls the access to medium by this way, so that transmit the MAC superframe 653 that produces like this after SIFS.This MAC superframe 653 forms second kind of physical frame by second kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 110A of emission/reception of control MIMO, and is transmitted.
When receiving frame 653, terminal at first utilizes second kind of physical layer control and treatment device 110S (Figure 49) of emission/reception of control MIMO to receive physical layer 101S, extracts the MAC superframe, and this frame is sent to MAC layer 102S.In this case, the information of the accepting state among the physical layer 101S can be used as additional information and is forwarded to MAC layer 102S.
Part A ck and poll (free of data) are included in the MAC superframe 653.Because terminal (STA1) is polled, so this terminal can be aggregated to a plurality of Frames of giving access point in the single MAC superframe, and transmits this frame.The Frame that transmits is selected by re-transmission control device 107S shown in Figure 49 and data transmission period table control device 1052.That is, the mac frame that retransmit is discerned by part A ck.In addition, data transmission period table control device 1052 is considered the priority of new transmitted mac frame and the mac frame that will be retransmitted, and selects the actual mac frame that will transmit.Briefly, the frame with high priority can at first be transmitted.On the other hand, for example, even it is lower to work as the priority of distributing to mac frame, the overtime remaining time that abandons mac frame is shorter, also can but transmitting the mode of the frame with low priority before, the mac frame that just obtains to allow till time-out time control according to having high priority.When the Frame with a plurality of priority is included in the single MAC superframe, there is not any problem.
When receiving its poll of terminal, the medium access control apparatus 108S of the terminal shown in Figure 49 carries out control in the mode that transmits MAC superframe 654 after SIFS.MAC superframe 654 is constituted as and comprises the Frame of being selected by data transmission period table control device 1052 as mentioned above.In addition, the information of the accepting state in the physical layer can be comprised in the PHY feedback information 5000 of MAC superframe 654.MAC superframe 654 forms second kind of physical frame by second kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 110S of emission/reception of control MIMO.
During the transmission, the information that obtains from the physical frame that receives about channel status, be included in the PHY feedback information in the part A ck frame of reception from access point, be considered with the correct acceptance rate that obtains from part A ck bitmap, and can be about the modulation system, encoding rate, control is transmitted in power bit loading etc.
In existing in part A ck bitmap, successfully do not receive under the situation of trend of latter half of mac frame, have the possibility of the transmission required time of MAC superframe greater than the channel life-span.So the maximum length of the MAC superframe that will be transmitted can be controlled as limited.Just contain the physical frame of MAC superframe, not only be added into the head of frame adaptively according to its information (Given information, for example middle synchronous code) that can estimate channel, but also be added into the centre of frame.Therefore, before channel status greatly changes, can estimate by correction channel.
To relate generally to the difference aspect with the example of Figure 65 below, another example of polling sequence will be described.
When receiving the frame that needs response, the re-transmission control device 107A of access point produces part Ack frame.Here, poll/data transmission period table control device 1051 is judged the distribution that should pay the utmost attention to the transmission right of terminal STA 2, rather than to the transmission of the poll and the part A ck of terminal STA 1.Suppose to change, STA2 has been formed part A ck frame, and do not had any frame that will send terminal STA 2 to according to frame formerly for terminal STA 2.In this case, be aggregated for the part A ck frame and poll (free of data) frame of terminal (STA2), thereby constitute a MAC superframe.Medium access control apparatus 108A controls access to medium in the mode that transmits the MAC superframe that constitutes like this after SIFS.The MAC superframe forms second kind of physical frame by second kind of physical layer protocol processing unit 110A of emission/reception of control MIMO, and is transmitted.
The terminal STA 2 of receiving the MAC superframe is selected the Frame that will transmit, and constitutes the MAC superframe, and same way as described above, after SIFS this frame is sent to access point.
Though not shown among Figure 65, when the CF-End frame 634 of access point transmission as shown in Figure 63, perhaps before 635 past, finish to carry out the no contention-free period of poll control at CF_Max_Duration.
Another sequence example shown in Figure 66 is that with the difference that starts the polling sequence of CF phase by beacon frame as Figure 65 as shown in access point transmits CTS-self 660 to self, thus the generation CAP phase.When the time past tense of TXOP indication, this CAP phase finishes.The difference of this example also is SF{STA1 (pack), STA2 (poll (no data)) } a MAC superframe 661 to terminal STA 1 translator unit Ack frame, also transmit poll (free of data) frames in addition to terminal STA 2.Be access in a reception at all Frames from terminal STA 1, and do not need under the situation of re-transmission of self terminal STA1, this MAC superframe is effective.
Figure 67 has represented that wherein access point is to the polling sequence of terminal STA 3 (leaving over) poll.Terminal STA 3 is the terminals of leaving over that first kind of physical layer protocol (for example IEEE802.11a) only has been installed on it, and comprises the access point and terminal STA 3 switching frames of observing first kind of physical layer protocol of poll control frame.Suppose that terminal STA 3 can not handle the MAC superframe, mac frame is by emission/reception separately, and do not have any polymerization.
In Figure 67, when terminal STA 3 transmits mac frame continuously, observe the piece Ack frame reprogramming of IEEE80211e definition.That is, every SIFS at interval, with the form of physical frame independently burst transfer QoS Frame 670,671 continuously.Piece Ack claim frame 672 and piece Ack frame 673 are realized confirming.
Owing to, do not use any MAC superframe (polymerization is under an embargo) to leaving over terminal STA 3 with regard to poll, data, response frame etc., therefore have under the situation of terminal STA left over 3 at network, access point can coexist and work.Be noted that whether access point can detect the poll target terminal in advance is the terminal of leaving over that does not correspond to the MAC polymerization by some frame exchanges.
Figure 68 represents the modification of the sequence example shown in Figure 65.Transmit at the MAC superframe under the situation of poll frame, not only allow not have poll (free of data) frame of task data, and allow to have poll (data) frame of data.
The above embodiment of the present invention can be modified.This means according to formaing the MAC super-frame header as mode identical among the MPDU.Figure 69 has represented to have an example of the MAC super-frame header 1900 of the form identical with MPDU.For example, redetermination the value of indication MAC super-frame header, and it is distributed in the type/subtype district that is included in the frame control field.According to this value, the MAC layer of received communication equipment determines that the processing of execution MAC superframe still is the processing of usual mac frame.Be included in the method for another mac frame duration in the MAC superframe according to calculating, set the value of duration 504.The value of address 1 field 505 (receiver address) is set equal to the value of the address 1 that is included in another mac frame in the corresponding MAC superframe.Thereby the address of regulation received communication equipment is set to address 1 field 505.
Because MAC super-frame header 1900 is not by segmentation or re-transmission, so the value of sequence control field 508 does not have any special implication.So when a kind of MAC superframe was assigned to control frame, sequence control field 508 preferably was omitted.
When type was defined as management or data, sequence control field 508 need be arranged, and value needs processed and conforms to the re-transmission control of embodiments of the invention.For example, the sequence number of the mac frame of the re-transmission object in a series of re-transmissions controls of formation MAC superframe is assumed that the employing successive value.So, being set at sequence number under the situation of discrete value, a series of re-transmission controls of MAC superframe are finished immediately, need to start the re-transmission control of another sequence.So, avoided the discontinuity of sequence number.On the other hand, discontinuous if sequence number becomes, need to continue a series of re-transmission control so.As an example that addresses this problem, when as described in the another embodiment of the present invention, during window control when retransmitting, may distribute to as the value of the maximum sequence number of the mac frame of the re-transmission target in a series of re-transmissions controls known.So, have continuous dispensing value by this way, so that the sequence number indication surpasses the method for this peaked value.Successive value need be assigned to the value that comprises as the mac frame that retransmits target.But, in carrying out the process that retransmits control, ignore sequence number, so that the discontinuous method of this value also is possible as the mac frame that retransmits target.
The length that is included in each mac frame in the MAC superframe is set to as shown in Figure 69, in the part 1901 corresponding with pay(useful) load.The fragment number that is used for handling segment can be included in pay(useful) load 1901.
(the 13 embodiment)
Remove unnecessary element in the mac header of a plurality of mac frames of the 13 embodiment from be included in the single one physical frame, further improved efficient.
The mac header of removing unnecessary element will be called as the mac header of contraction.Figure 70 has represented to comprise the example of MAC superframe structure of the mac frame of the mac header with contraction.In this example, mac frame 1 has usual mac header, but mac frame 2,3,4 has the mac frame of contraction.
Figure 71 be illustrated in emission side produce by mac frame with usual mac header the mac header with contraction mac frame process and reproduce an example of the process of mac frame with usual mac header from the MAC of mac header with contraction the recipient.
As shown in Figure 70, suppose that the MAC superframe has the mac frame that at least one has usual mac header.For example, suppose that the catv terminal with address SA by having the access point of address TA, is aggregated to a plurality of mac frames that send the terminal with address RA in the single MAC superframe.In this case, address SA, address TA (BSSID), address RA have for all mac frames, and are included in the mac header as address information.In the emission access point, address SA, TA, RA only stay in the mac header of single mac frame 1, and address SA, TA, RA are omitted from the mac header of other mac frame 2,3,4.Because address SA, TA, the RA of mac frame 2,3,4 are identical,, also can in receiving terminal, reproduce the mac header (Figure 72) of MAC 2,3,4 according to the mac header of mac frame 1 even in this case.This is among Figure 72 " remove and be included in the MAC superframe; and the mac header information that can reproduce from another mac frame " emission side's process, an example of recipient's process of " reproduction is included in the MAC superframe, and the mac header information that can reproduce from another mac frame ".Consider situation about equating in the mac header of all mac frames of value in being included in single MAC superframe of duration field in addition.In this case, except the address, the duration field also is to eliminate and reproduction target (Figure 73).
When the mac frame 1 of the head really of concluding mac frame, impliedly discern this mac frame with usual mac header in emission side and recipient with usual mac header.On the other hand, under the mac frame with a plurality of destinations was included in situation in the single MAC superframe, emission STA can be indicating the head mac frame information of each destination to be included in the MAC superframe to receiving STA.This can be indicated by the message bit pattern (multiple access bitmap) that is included in the mac frame header.Here, the head mac frame of supposing each destination has usual mac header.In addition, when a plurality of attributes, for example QoS attribute (TID, TSID etc.) is when being included in the single MAC superframe, and emission STA can comprise that receiving SAT can discern the mac frame that its attribute changes according to it.Here, first mac frame with mac frame group of same alike result is assumed to be to have usual mac header.
Figure 74 is illustrated under the situation that comprises code message checking, have contraction mac header mac frame generation and from an example of the reproduction process of the mac header of the mac header that shrinks.(CTR (counter mode) agreement of the temporary transient complete agreement of key: TKIP and band CBC (cypher block chaining) MAC: CCMP) of the user data code message verification system of definition in the draft (fail safe enhancing) of the IEEE802.11i that the fail safe of definition IEEE802.11 is expanded; the not only pay(useful) load part of mac frame, and a part of mac header information all is the target of safeguard protection.Mac header is not the target of encrypting (maintaining secrecy), but a part of information (comprising address information etc.) that is included in the mac frame is the Message Authentication Code calculating target that is used to detect change.So, emission STA and receive the safe handling of STA and the contraction of mac header and reproduction processes program between produce correlation.
In emission STA, at first produce one group of plaintext M AC header and MAC pay(useful) load.This group plaintext M AC header and MAC pay(useful) load are forwarded to cryptographic message certificates code (integrity check values: ICV) assigning process.Therefore, the MAC pay(useful) load is encrypted, and ICV is assigned to the MAC pay(useful) load.FCS is calculated and is assigned to whole mac header and MAC pay(useful) load (the MAC pay(useful) load of encryption+ICV).Afterwards, carry out the contraction process of mac header, frame is aggregated in the MAC superframe, and is transmitted.
In receiving STA, carry out the process of reproducing usual mac header from the mac header of first contraction.Subsequently, with respect to whole mac header and MAC pay(useful) load (FCS is calculated in the MAC pay(useful) load of encryption+ICV), and with the FCS that distributes to this mac frame relatively.When they are consistent with each other, judge to receive successfully.When they are inconsistent, judge and damage.Subsequently, encryption MAC pay(useful) load is decrypted, with respect to the mac header and the mac frame calculating ICV of a part.When they are consistent each other, judge not have any change.When they are inconsistent, judge to have change.
Those skilled in the art is easy to expect additional advantages and modifications.So the present invention is not limited to detail and the exemplary embodiments representing and illustrate here.Therefore, under the situation of the spirit or scope that do not break away from the total inventive concept that limits by accessory claim and equivalent thereof, can make various modifications.
Claims (21)
1, a kind of communication equipment comprises:
Be configured to produce the generation device of the single one physical frame that comprises a plurality of QoS Frames;
Be configured to launch the emitter of the physical frame that produces by generation device; With
Be configured to receive the receiving system of the response frame of the accepting state that comprises the physical frame of being launched.
2, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein generation device produces physical frame, thus described physical frame further comprises the response request frame corresponding to a plurality of QoS Frames.
3, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein behind the short interFrameGap (SIFS) of emitter after finishing the physical frame emission, emission is corresponding to the response request frame of a plurality of QoS Frames.
4, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein the QoS Frame comprises mac frame, response frame comprises piece ACK frame, and the response request frame comprises piece ACK claim frame.
5, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein physical frame comprises the length information of variable-length message bit pattern and message bit pattern, and described variable-length message bit pattern comprises position that corresponds respectively to a plurality of QoS Frames and the attribute of indicating corresponding QoS Frame.
6, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of QoS Frames are corresponding to window size, and described equipment further comprises:
Be configured to retransmit the retransmission arrangement of the QoS Frame that is not successfully received according to the indicated accepting state of response frame by the receiving system reception; With
Be configured to during retransmitting, enlarge window size, make physical frame comprise the control device of maximum number QoS Frames that it can comprise by retransmission arrangement.
7, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of QoS Frames comprise a plurality of QoS Frames corresponding to the first traffic carrying capacity identifier, corresponding to a plurality of the 2nd QoS Frames of the second traffic carrying capacity identifier, and wherein receive claim frame and comprise corresponding to the first response request frame of a plurality of QoS Frames and corresponding to the second response request frame of a plurality of the 2nd QoS Frames.
8, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of QoS Frames comprise a QoS Frame of requirement response and do not require the 2nd QoS Frame of any response.
9, communication equipment according to claim 8, wherein for each QoS Frame, physical frame comprises that the described QoS Frame of indication is a QoS Frame of requirement response, does not still require the information of the 2nd QoS Frame of any response.
10, communication equipment according to claim 1 also comprises: the setting device of traffic flow that is configured to set the appointment of the size that comprises the QoS Frame; And
The length of each is equal to this size in wherein a plurality of QoS Frames, and physical frame comprises the information of the sum of indication QoS Frame.
11, communication equipment according to claim 1 also comprises:
Be configured to set first size and first traffic flow of the appointment of second size and the setting device of second traffic flow that comprise the QoS Frame; And
Wherein a plurality of QoS Frames comprise:
Each all has a plurality of QoS Frames of the length that equals first size, and described first size is corresponding to the first traffic carrying capacity identifier;
Indicate the first information of the sum of a plurality of QoS Frames;
Each all has a plurality of the 2nd QoS Frames of the length that equals second size, and described second size is corresponding to the second traffic carrying capacity identifier;
Indicate second information of the sum of a plurality of the 2nd QoS Frames; And
The sum of affair quantitative character symbol.
12, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein physical frame comprises a QoS Frame of the information of the order with destination and first destination and has the information of order of destination and the 2nd QoS Frame of second destination.
13, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein physical frame comprises the number of a plurality of destinations and the destination that will launch the QoS Frame.
14, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein physical frame comprises the number of a plurality of destinations and will launch channel information service time of the destination of QoS Frame.
15, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of QoS Frames comprise a plurality of QoS Frames with first destination and a plurality of the 2nd QoS Frames with second destination; And
Wherein the response request frame comprises corresponding to the first response request frame of a QoS Frame that will be transmitted to first destination with corresponding to the second response request frame of the 2nd QoS Frame that will be transmitted to second destination.
16, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of QoS Frames comprise a plurality of QoS Frames that will be transmitted to first destination and a plurality of the 2nd QoS Frames that will be transmitted to second destination, and
Wherein physical frame comprises that indication is from time started of the response frame of first destination, from the information of concluding time of time started of the response frame of second destination and all response frames.
17, communication equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of QoS Frames have different destinations; And
Wherein physical frame comprises corresponding to first message bit pattern of the position of the division of corresponding QoS Frame and indication destination and comprises second message bit pattern of confirming the position of strategy corresponding to corresponding QoS Frame and indication.
18, a kind of communication equipment comprises:
Be configured to receive the receiving system of the single one physical frame of the 2nd QoS Frame that comprises a QoS Frame and have second priority with first priority;
Have first timer value, and respond the reception of a QoS Frame and first timer that is activated corresponding to first priority;
Have second timer value, and respond the reception of the 2nd QoS Frame and second timer that is activated corresponding to second priority;
Preservation is included in the QoS Frame in the physical frame that is received by receiving system, and exports first reception buffer of a QoS Frame when the time of first timer exceeds first timer value; With
Preservation is included in the 2nd QoS Frame in the physical frame that is received by receiving system, and exports second reception buffer of the 2nd QoS Frame when the time of second timer exceeds second timer value.
19, a kind of communication system comprises:
First communication equipment comprises: the generation device that is configured to produce the single one physical frame of the 2nd QoS Frame that comprises the QoS Frame with first priority and have second priority; Be configured to specify corresponding to first timer value of first priority with corresponding to one of at least specified device in second timer value of second priority; Be configured to launch its timer value by the emitter of the physical frame of specified device appointment; With
Second communication equipment comprises: the receiving system that is configured to the physical frame of receiving and transmitting unit emission; Respond the reception of a QoS Frame and be activated and be set first timer by first timer value of this physical frame appointment; Respond the reception of the 2nd QoS Frame and be activated and be set second timer by second timer value of this physical frame appointment; Preservation is included in the QoS Frame in the physical frame that is received by receiving system, and exports first reception buffer of a QoS Frame when the time of first timer exceeds first timer value; Be included in by the 2nd QoS Frame in the physical frame of receiving system reception with preservation, and when the time of second timer exceeds second timer value, export second reception buffer of the 2nd QoS Frame.
20, a kind of communication system comprises:
First communication equipment comprises: the receiving system that is configured to receive the single one physical frame that comprises a plurality of QoS Frames; After receiving physical frame, pass by short interFrameGap (SIFS) afterwards, the emitter of the response frame that emission will be launched immediately with being configured to after the SIFS interval elapses; With
Second communication equipment comprises: be configured to receive indication first communication equipment can not be launched the notice of the response frame that will launch immediately after the SIFS interval elapses device; With the device that is configured to prolong network allocation vector (NAV), be set to corresponding to the time that behind notified back and SIFS interval, begins till response frame is launched with it.
21, a kind of communication means comprises:
Generation comprises the single one physical frame of a plurality of QoS frames;
The physical frame that emission is produced; With
Reception comprises the response frame of the accepting state of the physical frame of being launched.
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| US7352774B2 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2008-04-01 | Arraycomm, Llc | Multiplexing different types of data sequences |
| US7463654B2 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2008-12-09 | 3Com Corporation | Stackable routers employing a routing protocol |
| WO2005076536A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2005-08-18 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for generating packet frames for carrying data |
| JP4528541B2 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2010-08-18 | 株式会社東芝 | COMMUNICATION DEVICE, COMMUNICATION METHOD, AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM |
| JP4047836B2 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2008-02-13 | 株式会社東芝 | COMMUNICATION DEVICE, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION METHOD, AND COMMUNICATION CONTROL PROGRAM |
| JP4012172B2 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-11-21 | 株式会社東芝 | Wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method |
| JP4440037B2 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2010-03-24 | 株式会社東芝 | Communication apparatus and communication method |
| JP4331088B2 (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2009-09-16 | 株式会社東芝 | Communication apparatus and communication method |
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2004
- 2004-04-23 JP JP2004129073A patent/JP4086304B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2005
- 2005-04-21 US US11/110,936 patent/US7924805B2/en active Active
- 2005-04-22 CN CN2006101605505A patent/CN1976334B/en active Active
- 2005-04-22 EP EP20090009503 patent/EP2117175A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-22 EP EP20050252525 patent/EP1589704A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-22 CN CN2005100676960A patent/CN1691663B/en active Active
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2006
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110381604A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2019-10-25 | 高通股份有限公司 | System and method for the improved communication efficiency in efficient wireless network |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1589704A3 (en) | 2005-12-28 |
| JP2005311920A (en) | 2005-11-04 |
| CN1691663A (en) | 2005-11-02 |
| EP2117175A1 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
| US7924805B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 |
| US8228889B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 |
| US20050238016A1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
| JP4086304B2 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
| US20070014237A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
| CN1691663B (en) | 2011-09-07 |
| CN1976334B (en) | 2011-01-26 |
| EP1589704A2 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
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