CN1964487A - Quick refreshing method and device for video code processing - Google Patents
Quick refreshing method and device for video code processing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The provided fast refresh method in video coding process comprises: in every video signal frame, according to frame-to-frame cycle rule, coding new non-correlative data to code video information based on interframe correlation. It also provides a relative coding device controlled by user register. This invention can minimize the video information transmission error and data interruption, and improve efficiency and quality for compression and coding.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to video coding and compression field, more specifically to the fast refreshing method and the device that can in video coding is handled, use.
Background technology
Existing video coding is realized many algorithms based on frequency domain, and for example those use the encoder algorithm of cosine transform in frequency domain.But there are some defectives in these encoder algorithms.For example, the semiconductor of real-time frequency domain encoder is realized, needs to surpass 800 ten thousand transistor usually.The Frequency Domain Coding device uses quantized frequency component to reduce coding information quantity.This may cause losing of some high fdrequency component, thereby reduces the definition and the resolution of video.VICOMP (video coding and compressibility and device) be one based on the digital video coding scheme under the demand of high-quality, real-time, high efficiency video coding (high compression rate).Its utilization is based on time domain but not the algorithm of frequency domain.Compare with above-mentioned Frequency Domain Coding device, VICOMP is for realizing that being less than 700,000 transistorized real-time encoders provides possibility.Simultaneously, compare with the Frequency Domain Coding device, VICOMP can provide same or better video quality and outstanding overall compression rate.The simplification of VICOMP on logic and complexity compared with Frequency Domain Coding, equally also makes the software of video coding system realize more effective.
For example, mpeg decoder all is based on the frequency domain information that uses discrete cosine transform (DCT) algorithm, and DCT is used for time-domain information is transformed into frequency domain.VICOMP is a kind of time domain coding device, is unnecessary with information from the step that time domain is transformed into frequency domain therefore.Save this step significant benefits is provided, because this shift step needs a large amount of calculating very at a high speed.
For example, for 8 * 8 block of pixels is transformed into frequency domain from time domain, need to use the DCT algorithm to carry out multiplying each other for 64 * 64=4096 time.When tangible in the video coding, distribute to the time quantum that multiplies each other for 4096 times less than 5 microseconds.So single multiplier must be to be higher than the frequencies operations of 800MHz, perhaps 8 multipliers must be simultaneously to be higher than the frequencies operations of 100MHz, so that carry out this switch process in real time with each.
And the VICOMP decoder can utilize the clock frequency of 2X pixel rate to operate, and this clock is 27MHz typically, and by comparison, the DCT encoder is operated under the clock frequency of 100MHz.The difference of this clock frequency causes the less power consumption of semiconductor decoder.
Be based on a scheme of redundancy concept as above-mentioned VICOMP efficient coding scheme.The purpose of any one encoding scheme all is to find and portray redundant elements, generates an effective sets of signals then the nonredundancy signal is encoded.If in information, there is not redundant elements, also just have no chance to compress.The redundancy of digital video signal results from the following aspects.
1, to the over-sampling of low frequency component---in the sampled digital vision signal, through regular meeting because sampling causes bulk redundancy.The sampling redundancy that part is such be because have to for the high-frequency response that guarantees sufficient resolution and digital sample to carry out video signal sampling in the frequency of 2 times of the maximum operating frequencies of analog video signal.But because contain the low-frequency component that accounts for main quantity in the real video signal, 2 times sample frequency can cause the over-sampling to low frequency component.The redundancy that therefore, in sampled signal, can have considerable quantity.
2, to the over-sampling of bit resolution---the redundant over-sampling that also can result from resolution (figure place) to each sample.Such as, if being digitized as 8 bit resolutions, each pixel multiply by 3 color coordinatess (as YUV) sampling resolution of 24 of each pixels just.24 that is to say have enough resolution to represent 1,670 ten thousand kinds of possible colors here.Sample for the pixel resolution with 640H * 480V in each independent frame of video, can produce 307,200 pixels (sample).Even can also only need 19 and represent 307,200 all colors with 307,200 all in frame pixels as different colors.Because picture is to form with the object of continuous relatively color, so in fact be less than 307,200 kinds of colors far away in a frame of video, the information that therefore also just need be less than 19 is illustrated in colors all in the frame.Furtherly, because the limited dynamic range of imageing sensor, 24/sample provides than the common dynamic range that is applied in the imageing sensor in the video camera (9) and has wanted the high dynamic range that manys (144 decibels) for 54 decibels.
3, interframe redundancy---the another kind of redundancy in the sport video is exactly that interframe repeats.More a series of video frame images, we can find that the difference of common interframe is in very little scope.Not that all elements in video all changes along with the variation of frame.A lot of elements move very for a short time.For the rest image of successive frame, get rid of the factor of random noise, have 100% redundancy.Though the interframe redundancy can estimate that generally it generally is decided by the actual video situation, simultaneously the interframe redundancy range can from 0 to 100%.
4, noise filtering---because the limited dynamic range of video image sensors includes a large number of white noise in the video.This white noise is a completely random, that is to say that it has reduced redundancy and also reduced compression ratio.VICOMP is used for improving the senior filter of signal to noise ratio, since improve redundant and improve compression ratio.
5, redundant between line---each bar is given in video horizontal line exist a lot of with on element just the same or about the same in or next bar.Can by utilize specific algorithm find those with adjacent lines on different element and be its coding.
6, frequency of occurrences redundancy---some video elementary can be had the higher frequency of occurrences than other elements by expection.Can use the long code of variable bit is various element codings.For more frequent element occurring, those distribute minimum figure place.By using the long code of variable bit, the data bit sum that coding needs has reduced.
The above 6 kinds of elements that find, portray and encode can make information not lose or lose less.Except redundancy listed above, in digital video, still there is unnecessary information.That is to say the information that those do not have contribution to the quality and the key data of video.In order to improve compression ratio, need to eliminate or reduce these unnecessary information.
Change in the system of coding for interframe at any one,, all have the problem of a maintenance encoder (sender) and decoder (recipient) information synchronization because the sum of errors in data transfer procedure disturbs.If decoder has the different information for reference frame (interframe changes the frame with reference) storage, the information synchronization between the encoder will be lost.Losing of any synchronizing information means that all decoder can not change the correct new frame that makes up by interframe.
Transmit the temporary transient interruption of sum of errors to data flow if exist in transfer system, losing of such encoder synchronizing information may take place.Transmit error and cause by the noise in transfer system usually, and the interruption of data flow is in the transmission on satellite and land, such as being more common in the mobile telephone system.These problems are the very troubles that seems to multiple spot (broadcasting) system on one point, because in such system, the recipient has no chance to check that the sum of errors requirement resends as in Point-to-Point system.
Simultaneously,, will have various receiving elements and constantly join in the data flow at any time, and this receiving element had not obtained reference frame (beginning to rebuild new frame data according to the inter-frame information of encoding from this reference frame) on one point in the multipoint system.
Add data flow for losing synchronous and new receiving element, these methods that can predict problem of commonplace solution are periodically to send whole uncorrelated information frame.Such as, in MPEG-2, uncorrelated frame of this cycle is called " I " frame.Since MPEG-2 and other video coding systems almost completely compress by the interframe redundancy, to compare with other independently frames by interframe encode, " I " frame includes very lot of data.On " I " frame data amount, has difference up to 20: 1.Therefore, in order to guarantee overall good compression rate, " I " frame need not frequently be sent.Such as, in the realization of MPEG-2, relatively be typically, sent once " I " frame every 3 to 7 seconds.
In the coded system as MPEG-2, because in " I " interframe several seconds interval is arranged, any error in the video information that receives can be found by vision ground in this segment length's the time interval.These visible errors are stinking for the reader.So in general, the coded system of these types all increases forward error correction codes (ECC) to reduce this error to data flow.The adding of ECC is easy to make the total data transmission quantity to increase by 30%.Even so, it does not have any help for solving the problem that flow interruption or new user enter data flow at random.Any synchronization loss takes place after, or new user's adding, can need a few times in second and synchronization of data streams.Such as, may need to wait for 7 seconds.This delay in receiver, video can be very annoying concerning the user.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem that VICOMP in the prior art need solve, the invention provides a kind of fast refreshing method and device that is used in the video information coding processing.The total draught of VICOMP is generally speaking good than the system that uses other coding methods.But most VICOMP compressions has been used several redundancies of utilizing each frame inside (in the frame) rather than at the compress technique of interframe redundancy.Therefore, the difference between the intraframe coding of interframe coded data and irrelevant, individualism has only about 2: 1, and is more much lower than the difference up to 20: 1 of other system.Therefore, the VICOMP of the present invention's energy is actually in the synchronization loss problem of handling with more effective more friendly method between encoder.This method is called fast and refreshes.
More generally, the invention provides a kind of fast refreshing method that in video coding is handled, uses, wherein, in each frame of vision signal, according to the principle of frame to the commentaries on classics of frame wheel, a certain amount of new uncorrelated data are encoded, thereby video information is encoded based on frame-to-frame correlation.
The present invention also provides a kind of quick refreshing apparatus that uses in video coding is handled, this quick refreshing apparatus comprises coding unit, it is used in each frame of vision signal, according to the principle of frame to the commentaries on classics of frame wheel, a certain amount of new uncorrelated data are encoded, thereby video information is encoded based on frame-to-frame correlation.
Description of drawings
By in conjunction with the detailed description of this accompanying drawing to the embodiment of video coding filtering method of the present invention and device thereof, purpose of the present invention, feature and benefit will be clearer.In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram that the typical case of VICOMP encoder of the present invention realizes;
Fig. 2 explains according to an embodiment of the invention, covers the schematic diagram that refreshes (speed 1/4) fast of 4 frames.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding concrete technical scheme of the present invention, at first related concrete technological concept is defined.
Definition:
Quantization---information translation is become the discrete form different with original form.Can be become 2,4,6 by quantization with following algorithm such as 0,1,2,3,4,5,6.
If(input?value)＜4then(output?value)＝2:GoTo?End
If(input?value)＞3AND(input?value)＜6then(output?value)＝4?Else
(output?value)＝6
End
Quantizer---the instrument or the algorithm of a kind of formation quantization (discrete form) information.
The result who differs from or subtract each other of residual quantity---two numerical value.
Such as, A=(B-C) expression A is the residual quantity of B and C.If B is greater than C, the residual quantity value is a positive number so.If C is greater than B, the residual quantity value is for negative.
Correlation---passing threshold or side-play amount are to the comparison of two numerical value.If two numerical value are by increasing or reducing certain threshold value and consistent, they can be called as relevant.
Coefficient correlation---be used for the threshold value or the deviate that compare in correlation.
Redundancy value---certain data in one group of information that is expressed as special value are called as redundancy, if it constantly repeats in these group data.
Such as, information sets={ 1,2,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2}: numerical value 0 is a high redundancy value, and 2 are one slight redundancy is arranged.Can the be pressed row principle compression of this redundant information:
| Numerical value | Binary code | The long code of variable bit |
| 0 1 2 3 | 00 01 10 11 | 0 011 01 111 |
Need use 2 * 11=22 position in order to use binary code recorded information group.
Variable code will be (1 * 7)+(2 * 2)+(2 * 3)=17.Because the existence of redundant elements in information sets is collapsed into possibility.
YUV-Y is brightness, and UV is a color component.YUV also can represent by Y, Cr, three variablees of Cb.
YUV color coordinates---(being also referred to as Y, Cr, Cb) VICOMP uses the YUV color coordinates, so that utilize color component (U﹠amp by with respect to the Y sample U and V sample being carried out double sampling; V) intrinsic low frequency.Human eye also has different to the susceptibility of Y (brightness) and UV (color) component.
Frequency domain---most of information comprise video information, are in time domain, that is to say that the amplitude of information changed according to the time.Frequency is the inverse of time: F=1/T, T=1/F.Information can be transformed into frequency domain from time domain by Fourier transform (FFT).Fast fourier transform is used in video coding, is exactly discrete cosine transform (DCT) such as the MPEG technology.In time domain, given one group of information (within a certain period of time) can obtain the amplitude of some.In frequency domain, given one group of information (in specific frequency domain bandwidth) can obtain the frequency of some.Because some vision signals contain a large amount of low frequency components more, a large amount of redundancies is arranged in frequency domain so can know information.
Fig. 1 realizes block diagram for the typical case of VICOMP encoder of the present invention.The lower part of Fig. 1 shows common logic and memory unit (General Logic), they be in video coding and decoding usually and the parts that adopted as usual.To these common and adopted as usual parts, no longer be described such as memory, buffer (memory of another kind of form), counter, register and interface.The structure of these General Logic parts and function are known to the those of ordinary skill in logical design field.
Slightly different ordinary parts of this General Logic are " position wrapper (BitPacker).A position wrapper is the device that is used for will vary bit length coded combination to a bit stream that adjoins.Usually computer data comprises fixed bit length composition, byte (8), word (16) and double word (32).Because the output that the variable bit coding produces all lengths, so these codings must be by " packing " in the stream that adjoins.Carrying out the device " position wrapper " of this function does not describe at this as part of the present invention.
The going up of this block diagram (mainly) partly (arthmetic statement) shows video stream by the various processing of forming this video coding system.These parts are parts of the present invention and describe in detail in this article.These detailed descriptions comprise literal, logic flow diagram and logical statement.The algorithm of VICOMP can utilize suitable computer to be realized by software, this computer have the interface of input side and digitized video and at outlet side to the appropriate display device.The algorithm of this VICOMP also can specific hardware logic blocks realize, for example will be used in application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC) semiconductor like that.
Refresh fast and mean that in each frame according to the principle that frame changes (frame-to-framerotating) to the frame wheel, a certain amount of new uncorrelated data are encoded.That is, utilize frame-to-frame correlation that video information is encoded.Per two lines (line) are by delegation (row) coding, and every row is provided with a stature byte, and to discern this delegation be relevant or irrelevant with former frame.The row of some is irrelevant (with not corresponding at preceding frame) in each frame.In example shown in Figure 4 down, refresh rate is set to 1/4 fast.This means that Rcv decoder obtains once complete irrelevant reference frame every 4 frames.Therefore, decoder can receive a new irrelevant reference frame usually as quick as thought.By suitable linage-counter, refresh rate can be adjusted to and be different from other values of 1/4 fast.
Fig. 2 has explained and has covered the refreshing fast of 4 frames (speed 1/4).As shown in Figure 2, because the average difference of relevant and irrelevant coding result is 2: 1, so below refreshing the average magnitude of the increase data of example fast should be by following calculating: 75% related data+(2*25% non-relevant data)=125% total data, increase of 25% in other words.
If refresh fast be set to one slower 1/32 than 1/4, the average magnitude that refreshing sampling fast more than so increases data should be calculated as: 96.9% related data+(2*3.1% non-relevant data)=103% total data, increase of 3% in other words.
Even increase by 25% conceptual data amount, these data still are less than the overall data recruitment that increases the ECC needs.Furtherly, it has cost " nictation " stand-by period so that new user enters into the advantage of data flow.It also has another advantage, obtains synchronizing information exactly after data interruption fast.Therefore, the odds ratio that refreshes fast of VICOMP plays that " I " frame of employed cycle is conspicuous in other coding methods.
According to above-mentioned embodiment as can be known, of the present invention refreshing fast can be achieved as follows benefit:
1. new user can keep need not waiting for and removing to receive reference frame for a long time synchronously with data flow.
2. any reception error in transport process can the new data of very fast quilt cover, can not seen by the reader.This characteristic is combined in the characteristic that can detect 8 kinds of errors in the decoder.
As seen, refresh fast and can make video information transmission error and data interruption minimize.Refresh fast and can control by user register.The transmission error that influences interframe encode is by refreshing self-correction fast.This means that this error will only produce the flicker of moment on phosphor screen, different with the result of this error of seeing at other video coding systems of long-time demonstration.For example, in some system, this error was shown before receiving next I frame always, and this may continue several seconds.The long-time error result that shows compare with the moment flicker to the beholder bring uncomfortable much bigger.
Refreshing at single-point fast also is useful in to multicast communication (broadcasting), because it makes new user can set up data flow fast, and needn't wait for before can showing a width of cloth picture that several seconds are to receive new I frame.Utilize VICOMP, if fast refresh rate is set to 1/4, then unique user can be only in the time of 4 frames with the VICOMP synchronization of data streams, this is under the situation of high frame rate even also faster than the moment of nictation.
Because refresh fast and also because the automatic frame-skip (skip) that is caused by certain errors, the VICOMP coded data can directly be transmitted and need not increase forward error and detect and correcting encoder.Compare with some system of the prior art, refresh fast and can save 30% or the bandwidth that more needs generally.
Those skilled in the art understand, and can realize above-mentioned fast refreshing method with various hardware capability modules known in this field and commonly used.For example, can realize the Code And Decode of vision signal interframe correlation with various suitable codec unit.Therefore, the above-mentioned fast refreshing method of uniqueness of the present invention can be realized with software, hardware or both combinations.
The present invention is described in detail in conjunction with embodiment; but those skilled in the art understand, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the details in the above-mentioned execution mode; under the prerequisite that does not deviate from principle of the present invention and spirit, also there are various distortion and change.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is limited by following claim.
Claims (6)
1) a kind of fast refreshing method that in video coding is handled, uses, wherein, in each frame of vision signal, according to the principle of frame to the commentaries on classics of frame wheel, a certain amount of new uncorrelated data are encoded, thereby video information is encoded based on frame-to-frame correlation.
2) fast refreshing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in each frame of vision signal, per two lines are by delegation coding, and a stature byte is set, and to discern this delegation be relevant or irrelevant with former frame.
3) fast refreshing method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, refresh rate is set to 1/4 or 1/32 fast, so that Rcv decoder obtains once irrelevant reference frame complete, the expression frame-to-frame correlation every 4 frames or 32 frames.
4) a kind of quick refreshing apparatus that in video coding is handled, uses, this quick refreshing apparatus comprises coding unit, it is used in each frame of vision signal, according to the principle of frame to the commentaries on classics of frame wheel, a certain amount of new uncorrelated data are encoded, thereby video information is encoded based on frame-to-frame correlation.
5) quick refreshing apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein, in each frame of vision signal, per two lines are by delegation coding, and a stature byte is set, and to discern this delegation be relevant or irrelevant with former frame.
6) quick refreshing apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described quick refreshing apparatus also comprises decoding unit, and wherein, refresh rate is set to 1/4 or 1/32 fast, so that decoding unit obtains once irrelevant reference frame complete, the expression frame-to-frame correlation every 4 frames or 32 frames.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008151564A1 (en) * | 2007-06-10 | 2008-12-18 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Encoding and decoding method, encoder and decoder, and image processing system |
| CN101621685B (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2011-06-15 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Coder and coding method |
| CN103345371A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-10-09 | 沈阳东软熙康医疗系统有限公司 | Method for smoothly displaying large data volume through display screen |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH06101841B2 (en) * | 1984-01-11 | 1994-12-12 | 日本電気株式会社 | Method and apparatus for encoding moving image signal |
| KR100647948B1 (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2006-11-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method for refreshing of adaptative intra macro block |
| JP4020883B2 (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2007-12-12 | 株式会社東芝 | Video decoding device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008151564A1 (en) * | 2007-06-10 | 2008-12-18 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Encoding and decoding method, encoder and decoder, and image processing system |
| CN101321284B (en) * | 2007-06-10 | 2012-01-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Encoding/decoding method, equipment and system |
| US8606025B2 (en) | 2007-06-10 | 2013-12-10 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd | Encoding and decoding images using refreshed image and recovery point |
| CN101621685B (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2011-06-15 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Coder and coding method |
| CN103345371A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-10-09 | 沈阳东软熙康医疗系统有限公司 | Method for smoothly displaying large data volume through display screen |
| CN103345371B (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2016-06-01 | 沈阳东软熙康医疗系统有限公司 | A kind of method by display screen flow display big data quantity |
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