CN1962703A - Preparation method of acrylic nitrile homopolymer (copolymer) - Google Patents
Preparation method of acrylic nitrile homopolymer (copolymer) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparing method of acrylon even (co-) polymer with high molecule and narrow molecular distribution, which is characterized by the following: the carbamodithioic material can be moduling agent of free acrylon radical, wherein Z is phenyl or benzyl, which can produce RAFT chain transmitting agent acted by azo-diisobutyronitrile at original position, which copolymerizes acrylon with other monomers; when Z is benzyl, the number average molecular weight is about 230000 with molecular distribution under 2.0 (1.70 as minimum value).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to all (being total to) polymers preparation methods of a kind of vinyl cyanide, be specifically related to the acrylonitrile homopolymer or the copolymer method of high molecular, narrow molecular weight distributions.
Technical background
Because polyacrylonitrile has better hardness and intensity, good chemoresistance, the consistency with the polar material excellence, lower premium propertiess such as resistance to air loss, this polymkeric substance has a consequence industrial, be an important commercial polymkeric substance, in particular as carbon fiber.Simultaneously.This also makes a lot of high molecular scholars and research group the polyacrylonitrile of composite structure clear and definite (controlled molecular dimension and molecular weight distribution) has been full of keen interest always.Yet, activity/the controllable free-radical polymerisation of vinyl cyanide has been represented a special challenge, this is because the solvability of its higher activity and polyacrylonitrile difference, it both had been not dissolved in the monomer, also be not dissolved in solvent commonly used in activity/controllable free-radical polymerisation, as methyl-phenoxide, dimethylbenzene, toluene etc.
Research about vinyl cyanide activity/controllable free-radical polymerisation at first starts from 1996, VirgilPercec (Abstracts of the 36th IUPAC International Symposium onMacromolecules, Seoul, Korea, August4-9,1996, p672.) with the halogenated alkane be initiator, CuBr/2,2 '-dipyridyl is a catalyzer, has implemented the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of vinyl cyanide in ethylene carbonate.From now on, other research groups have reported the synthetic of under same or analogous condition acrylonitrile homopolymer or multipolymer in succession.In addition, and Hawker (J.Am.Chem.Soc., 1999,121,3904-3920) and Matyjaszewski (Macromolecules, 2003,36, the priority polyacrylonitrile that adopted nitroxyl free radical regulation and control polymerization (NMP) controlledly synthesis such as 1465-1473).But, since ATRP synthetic polymer residue be difficult to the price of the nitroxyl free radical adjusting control agent costliness used among the catalyzer removed and the NMP in a large number, these methods are difficult to be used for the polyacrylonitrile that compound probability is used.
1998, Australia CSIRO research group has reported reversible addition cracking chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in patent WO 98/01478, under common radical polymerization condition, in reaction system, add the thiocarbonyl group sulphur compound as chain-transfer agent, can make polyreaction present activity/controllable polymerization feature.Compare with other activity/controllable free-radical polymerisation system, the RAFT technology has many advantages: the monomer scope more extensively, narrow molecular weight distribution, polymerization temperature gentleness, can be used for systems such as body, solution, emulsion and suspension polymerization, so this method is considered to have more wide application prospect.Just because of the RAFT polymerization has so many advantage, its potential conduct is with the polymerization means of the clear and definite polyacrylonitrile of controllable manner composite structure.Qian Jinwen (J.Polym.Sci.Part A:Polym.Chem., 2005,43,1973-1977) with Matyjaszewski K. (Macromolecules, 2003,36, research group 8587-8589) is a chain-transfer agent with the different propionitrile ester of dithiobenzoic acid, dithiobenzoic acid 2-nitrile ethyl ester respectively, the regulation and control acrylonitrile polymerization has made polymkeric substance than narrow molecular weight distributions, and the molecular weight that gets of test is near calculated value in fact.Yet the number-average molecular weight of their resulting polyacrylonitrile is all lower, the highlyest is merely able to reach about 5000, and this is very remote apart from industrial requirements.In addition, CSIRO research group has reported that in patent WO98/01478 utilization RAFT technology synthesized the highest number-average molecular weight at 5.14 ten thousand vinyl cyanide and styrol copolymer.
Comprehensive above research, three kinds most important controlled/active free radical polymerization method (ATRP, NMP and RAFT) all has been used to the polymerization of vinyl cyanide, but the highest being limited to about 50,000 of polymkeric substance number-average molecular weight that obtains.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a preparation method who has the acrylonitrile homopolymer or the multipolymer of high molecular, narrow molecular weight distributions simultaneously.
The present invention adopts the dithio thing as regulation and control reagent, in the presence of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, is solvent with the ethylene carbonate, and in 80 ℃ of reactions down, " original position " generates the required chain-transfer agent of RAFT polymerization, the radical polymerization of direct regulation and control vinyl cyanide.There is not under the polymerization situation of dithio thing the polyacrylonitrile molecular weight distribution broad that common radical polymerization obtains.And polymerization system is when the dithio thing exists, molecular weight distribution reduces greatly, and when the Z of dithio thing base was benzyl, the molecular weight of the polymkeric substance that the RAFT polymerization of " original position " vinyl cyanide obtains can reach about 230,000, the while molecular weight distribution is below 2.0, and is minimum about 1.70.This method has also successfully applied to the radical copolymerization of vinyl cyanide and other comonomers such as methyl acrylate, methylene-succinic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, Hydroxyethyl acrylate and acrylamide etc., and has obtained similar result.
The step and the condition of method of the present invention are as follows:
1) preparation of the reversible addition cracking of vinyl cyanide chain transfer (RAFT) polymeric chain-transfer agent:
Reference literature (Macromolecules, 2005,38, method 3129-3140), the dithio thing chain-transfer agent that preparation has following structure:
Z is phenyl or benzyl;
Z is that phenyl is that even the dithio dibenzoyl disulfide is that benzyl is to connect dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing for thing or Z;
The step and the condition of preparation dithiobenzoic acid are as follows: take by weighing sodium methylate, elemental sulfur, benzyl chlorine by 2: 2: 1 molar ratios, in 80 ℃ of back flow reaction 24 hours, cold filtration solid sodium chloride and boil off methyl alcohol, remaining solid is soluble in water, with ether washing three times, add diethyl ether in the solution, it is the diethyl ether solution of dithiobenzoic acid with 30% hcl acidifying again that two-phase mixture is used again.
The step and the condition of preparation dithio toluylic acid are as follows: at first add benzyl chlorine in the system of magnesium chips and anhydrous diethyl ether with dropping funnel under ice-water bath, wherein the molar ratio of benzyl chlorine and magnesium chips is 1: 1, under 0 ℃, drip dithiocarbonic anhydride then with dropping funnel, wherein the molar ratio of dithiocarbonic anhydride and benzyl chlorine is 1: 1, continue reaction 3 hours, mixture is poured in the frozen water, isolate organic layer, water layer washs with ether, use 30% hcl acidifying and extremely colourless then, obtain the diethyl ether solution of dithio toluylic acid with extracted with diethyl ether.
The diethyl ether solution of dithiobenzoic acid diethyl ether solution and dithio toluylic acid is used 30% sodium hydroxide solution extraction respectively, obtain dithiobenzoic acid sodium and dithio sodium phenylacetate respectively.Then dithiobenzoic acid sodium and dithio sodium phenylacetate are reacted with the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide respectively, the company's of obtaining dithio dibenzoyl disulfide is for thing or dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing.
2) preparation of the multipolymer of acrylonitrile homopolymer or vinyl cyanide and its comonomer
In polymerization unit; with the ethylene carbonate is solvent; with the Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate is initiator; promptly connecting the dithio dibenzoyl disulfide with above-mentioned dithio thing is chain-transfer agent for thing or company's dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing; add vinyl cyanide or vinyl cyanide and other comonomer; remove oxygen through following three circulations: " in liquid nitrogen freezing 3 minutes become solid-use vacuum line fully be evacuated to 3mm mercury column-room temperature and thaw " to being melted into a homogeneous phase solution fully to system; under nitrogen protection; normal pressure; 80 ℃ were reacted 10 hours; in frozen water, cool off then; at the methyl alcohol volume is precipitation polymers in 10 times the methyl alcohol of system volume, filters washing; vacuum-drying obtains the multipolymer of acrylonitrile homopolymer or vinyl cyanide and its comonomer.
Wherein, vinyl cyanide: dithio thing: the mol ratio of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate is: 800: 1: 1, the volume ratio of vinyl cyanide and solvent ethylene carbonate was 1: 2;
Described other comonomer is: one or both in methyl acrylate, methylene-succinic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, Hydroxyethyl acrylate, the acrylamide;
The multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is vinyl cyanide and methyl acrylate or methylene-succinic acid copolymer, and wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide is 95～99%, comonomer 1～5%;
The multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is the copolymer of vinyl cyanide and methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, Hydroxyethyl acrylate or acrylamide, wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide is 95%, and comonomer is 5%;
The multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is vinyl cyanide, methylene-succinic acid and methyl acrylate terpolymer multipolymer, and wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide 97%, methylene-succinic acid 1%, methyl acrylate 2%.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
(1) the chain-transfer agent preparation method who uses in general reversible addition cracking chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is loaded down with trivial details, and productive rate is low, often uses some deleterious chemical reagent, and is easy to go bad, and cannot say for sure to deposit.The dithio thing that uses among the present invention easily prepares, and the productive rate height is easily preserved.
(2) preparation method who has the acrylonitrile homopolymer or the multipolymer of high molecular, narrow molecular weight distributions simultaneously provided by the invention.The number-average molecular weight that contrasts common radical polymerization resulting polymers is 22.8 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 3.1, and the number-average molecular weight of the polymkeric substance of gained of the present invention reaches as high as 230,000, and the while molecular weight distribution is below 2.0, and is minimum about 1.70.
Embodiment
The preparation of embodiment 1 acrylonitrile homopolymer
The first step connects the preparation of dithio dibenzoyl disulfide for thing
12.6 gram benzyl chlorine were added drop-wise to dropping funnel in one hour 6.4 gram sulphur are housed, 10 gram sodium methylates, and in the system of 70 gram methyl alcohol.The brown solution that forms is warming up to 80 ℃ of back flow reaction again and spends the night.Be cooled to room temperature, mixture is removed by filter white solid sodium chloride, remove methyl alcohol with Rotary Evaporators then.The solid that obtains is dissolved in 100ml distilled water again, and washs three times (3 * 50ml) with ether.To add the 50ml ether in solution, two-phase mixture loses its distinctive brown and upper strata with 30% hcl acidifying until water layer and manifests intense violet color, separate ether layer solution, add 120ml distilled water, and extract dithiobenzoic acid sodium to water with 30% sodium hydroxide solution 240ml.The 13.2 gram Tripotassium iron hexacyanides are dissolved in 200ml distilled water.The dithiobenzoic acid sodium solution is transferred to one has the round-bottomed flask that stirs magneton, in 1 hour, be added drop-wise to potassium ferricyanide solution in the dithiobenzoic acid sodium solution then, the throw out of filter red, and use distilled water wash, drying at room temperature, use ethyl alcohol recrystallization, obtain the basic company's dithio dibenzoyl disulfide of Z and restrain (productive rate 90%) for thing 13.8 for phenyl.
1H NMR(CDCl
3)：7.46(m，m-ArH，4H)；7.62(m，p-ArH，2H)；8.09(d，o-ArH，4H)。
The preparation of the second step acrylonitrile homopolymer
With the 1ml vinyl cyanide; the 2ml ethylene carbonate; 6.3mg Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate; 1.7mg connecting the dithio dibenzoyl disulfide joins in the Schlenk polymerizing pipe for thing; remove oxygen through following three circulations: " be evacuated to 3mm mercury column-room temperature and thaw to being melted into a homogeneous phase solution fully becoming solid-uses vacuum line fully to system in freezing 3 minutes in the liquid nitrogen " normal pressure reacted 10 hours for 80 ℃ under nitrogen protection; in frozen water, cool off then; precipitation polymers in excessive methanol; filter; washing; 50 ℃ of vacuum-dryings; get acrylonitrile homopolymer 0.4g, monomer conversion 49.4% is measured through GPC; the acrylonitrile homopolymer number-average molecular weight is 3.98 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 1.50.
The comparative example 1
Do not add company's dithio dibenzoyl disulfide among the embodiment 1 for thing, other are with embodiment 1, acrylonitrile homopolymer 0.81g, monomer conversion 100% is measured through GPC, the acrylonitrile homopolymer number-average molecular weight is 22.8 ten thousand, molecular weight distribution is 3.1.
The preparation of embodiment 2 acrylonitrile homopolymers
The first step connects the preparation of dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing
In the there-necked flask that has reflux condensing tube, dropping funnel, under nitrogen protection, add 7.7 gram magnesium chips, the 150ml anhydrous diethyl ether under ice-water bath, was added drop-wise to 40 gram benzyl chlorine in the system in 30 minutes, continued to stir 1 hour, and then refluxed 0.5 hour.Cooling drips 24 gram dithiocarbonic anhydride in following 15 minutes at 0 ℃, continues reaction 3 hours again.Mixture is poured in the 150ml frozen water, isolated organic layer, water layer washs three times (3 * 50ml) with ether.Water layer merges ether layer solution with 30% hcl acidifying and extremely colourless with extracted with diethyl ether.Add 100ml distilled water, and use 30% sodium hydroxide solution extraction, and wash three times (3 * 50ml) with ether.The 12 gram Tripotassium iron hexacyanides are dissolved in 150ml distilled water.Dithio sodium phenylacetate solution is transferred to one has the round-bottomed flask that stirs magneton, then potassium ferricyanide solution was added drop-wise in 1 hour in the dithio sodium phenylacetate solution, filter the xanchromatic throw out, and use distilled water wash, drying at room temperature, use ethyl alcohol recrystallization, obtain company dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing 32.1 grams (productive rate 60%) of Z base for benzyl.
1H NMR(CDCl
3)：4.2(s，CH
2，4H)；7.3(m，ArH，10H)。
The preparation of the second step acrylonitrile homopolymer
With the 1ml vinyl cyanide; the 2ml ethylene carbonate; 6.3mg Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate; 12.8mg connecting dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing joins in the Schlenk polymerizing pipe; remove oxygen through following three circulations: " in liquid nitrogen freezing 3 minutes become solid-use vacuum line fully be evacuated to 3mm mercury column-room temperature and thaw " to being melted into a homogeneous phase solution fully to system; 80 ℃ of reactions of normal pressure are 10 hours under nitrogen protection; in frozen water, cool off then; precipitation polymers in excessive methanol; filter; washing, 50 ℃ of vacuum-dryings get acrylonitrile homopolymer 0.73g; monomer conversion 90.1%; measure through GPC, the number-average molecular weight of acrylonitrile homopolymer is 15.6 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 1.98.
The preparation of embodiment 3 acrylonitrile homopolymers
Use the 2.5mg Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 5.1mg connecting dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing replaces the Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate among the embodiment 2 and connects dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing, other are with embodiment 2, get acrylonitrile homopolymer 0.5g, monomer conversion 61.7%, measure through GPC, the acrylonitrile homopolymer number-average molecular weight is 21.2 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 1.72.
The preparation of embodiment 4 acrylonitrile homopolymers
Use the 3.1mg Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 6.4mg connecting dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing replaces the Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate among the embodiment 3 and connects dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing, other are with embodiment 3, get acrylonitrile homopolymer 0.6g, monomer conversion 74.1%, measure through GPC, the acrylonitrile homopolymer number-average molecular weight is 23.1 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 1.70.
The preparation of embodiment 5 acrylonitrile copolymers
The 40.5mg methyl acrylate is added among the embodiment 4, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide weight is 95%, methyl acrylate is 5%, other conditions are with embodiment 4, get acrylonitrile copolymer 0.57g, monomer conversion 67.0% is measured through GPC, the acrylonitrile copolymer number-average molecular weight is 21.6 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 1.79.
The preparation of embodiment 6 acrylonitrile copolymers
With the methyl acrylate among the 40.5mg methylene-succinic acid replacement embodiment 5, other get acrylonitrile copolymer 0.42g with embodiment 5, and monomer conversion 49.4% is measured through GPC, and the acrylonitrile copolymer number-average molecular weight is 19.5 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 1.69.
The preparation of embodiment 7 acrylonitrile copolymers
With the methyl acrylate among the 40.5mg methyl methacrylate replacement embodiment 5, other get acrylonitrile copolymer 0.63g with embodiment 5, and monomer conversion 74.1% is measured through GPC, and the acrylonitrile copolymer number-average molecular weight is 25.6 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 1.86.
The preparation of embodiment 8 acrylonitrile copolymers
With the methyl acrylate among the 40.5mg butyl acrylate replacement embodiment 5, other get acrylonitrile copolymer 0.69g with embodiment 5, and monomer conversion 81.1% is measured through GPC, and the acrylonitrile copolymer number-average molecular weight is 23.5 ten thousand., molecular weight distribution is 1.92.
The preparation of embodiment 9 acrylonitrile copolymers
With the methyl acrylate among the 40.5mg Hydroxyethyl acrylate replacement embodiment 5, other get acrylonitrile copolymer 0.44g with embodiment 5, and monomer conversion 51.7% is measured through GPC, and the acrylonitrile copolymer number-average molecular weight is 190,000, and molecular weight distribution is 1.69.
The preparation of embodiment 10 acrylonitrile copolymers
With the methyl acrylate among the 40.5mg acrylamide replacement embodiment 5, other get acrylonitrile copolymer 0.44g with embodiment 5, and monomer conversion 51.7% is measured through GPC, and the acrylonitrile copolymer number-average molecular weight is 18.4 ten thousand, and molecular weight distribution is 1.8.
The preparation of embodiment 11 acrylonitrile copolymers
Use the 8.1mg methylene-succinic acid, 16.2mg methyl acrylate replaces the methyl acrylate among the embodiment 5, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide 97%, methylene-succinic acid 1%, methyl acrylate 2%, other are with embodiment 5, get acrylonitrile copolymer 0.6g, monomer conversion 71.2% is measured through GPC, the acrylonitrile copolymer number-average molecular weight is 220,000, and molecular weight distribution is 1.79.
The preparation of embodiment 12 acrylonitrile copolymers
With the 5ml vinyl cyanide, 10ml ethylene carbonate, 15.5mg Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 32mg connects dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing and is mixed and made into stock solution, and every part of solution (3ml) joins in the Schlenk polymerizing pipe, and every part adds 8.1mg in order respectively, 16.2mg, 24.3mg, 32.4mg, 40.5mg methyl acrylate, the monomeric charge weight percent is: methyl acrylate is respectively 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, corresponding vinyl cyanide is respectively 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, other the results are shown in Table 1 with embodiment 5.
The preparation of embodiment 13 acrylonitrile copolymers
Use 8.1mg, 16.2mg, 24.3mg, 32.4mg, the 40.5mg methylene-succinic acid replaces the methyl acrylate among the embodiment 12, and other the results are shown in Table 2 with embodiment 12.
Table 1
| No. | Wt％ | Yield(g) | Conv.％ | Mn(GPC) | PDI(GPC) |
| 1 | 1 | 0.64 | 78.2 | 246000 | 1.73 |
| 2 | 2 | 0.61 | 73.8 | 221000 | 1.88 |
| 3 | 3 | 0.59 | 70.7 | 200000 | 1.96 |
| 4 | 4 | 0.58 | 68.9 | 231000 | 1.85 |
| 5 | 5 | 0.57 | 67.0 | 216000 | 1.79 |
Table 2
| No. | Wt％ | Yield(g) | Conv.％ | Mn(GPC) | PDI(GPC) |
| 1 | 1 | 0.61 | 74.6 | 245000 | 1.81 |
| 2 | 2 | 0.6 | 72.6 | 235000 | 1.77 |
| 3 | 3 | 0.52 | 62.3 | 222000 | 1.83 |
| 4 | 4 | 0.46 | 54.6 | 210000 | 1.87 |
| 5 | 5 | 0.42 | 49.4 | 195000 | 1.69 |
Claims (4)
1. equal (being total to) polymers preparation method of a vinyl cyanide is characterized in that step and condition are as follows:
1) preparation of the reversible addition cracking of vinyl cyanide chain transfer (RAFT) polymeric chain-transfer agent:
The dithio thing chain-transfer agent that preparation has following structure:
Z is phenyl or benzyl;
Z is that phenyl is that even the dithio dibenzoyl disulfide is that benzyl is to connect dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing for thing or Z;
The step and the condition of preparation dithiobenzoic acid are as follows: take by weighing sodium methylate, elemental sulfur, benzyl chlorine by 2: 2: 1 molar ratios, in 80 ℃ of back flow reaction 24 hours, cold filtration solid sodium chloride and boil off methyl alcohol, remaining solid is soluble in water, with ether washing three times, add diethyl ether in the solution, it is the diethyl ether solution of dithiobenzoic acid with 30% hcl acidifying again that two-phase mixture is used again;
The step and the condition of preparation dithio toluylic acid are as follows: at first add benzyl chlorine in the system of magnesium chips and anhydrous diethyl ether with dropping funnel under ice-water bath, wherein the molar ratio of benzyl chlorine and magnesium chips is 1: 1, under 0 ℃, drip dithiocarbonic anhydride then with dropping funnel, wherein the molar ratio of dithiocarbonic anhydride and benzyl chlorine is 1: 1, continue reaction 3 hours, mixture is poured in the frozen water, isolate organic layer, water layer washs with ether, use 30% hcl acidifying and extremely colourless then, obtain the diethyl ether solution of dithio toluylic acid with extracted with diethyl ether;
The diethyl ether solution of dithiobenzoic acid diethyl ether solution and dithio toluylic acid is used 30% sodium hydroxide solution extraction respectively, obtain dithiobenzoic acid sodium and dithio sodium phenylacetate respectively; Then dithiobenzoic acid sodium and dithio sodium phenylacetate are reacted with the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide respectively, the company's of obtaining dithio dibenzoyl disulfide is for thing or dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing;
2) preparation of the multipolymer of acrylonitrile homopolymer or vinyl cyanide and its comonomer
In polymerization unit, with the ethylene carbonate is solvent, with the Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate is initiator, promptly connecting the dithio dibenzoyl disulfide with above-mentioned dithio thing is chain-transfer agent for thing or company's dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing, add vinyl cyanide or vinyl cyanide and other comonomer, remove oxygen through following three circulations: " in liquid nitrogen freezing 3 minutes become solid-use vacuum line fully be evacuated to 3mm mercury column-room temperature and thaw " to being melted into a homogeneous phase solution fully to system, under nitrogen protection, normal pressure, 80 ℃ were reacted 10 hours, in frozen water, cool off then, at the methyl alcohol volume is precipitation polymers in 10 times the methyl alcohol of system volume, filters washing, vacuum-drying obtains the multipolymer of acrylonitrile homopolymer or vinyl cyanide and its comonomer;
Wherein, vinyl cyanide: dithio thing: the mol ratio of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate is: 800: 1: 1, the volume ratio of vinyl cyanide and solvent ethylene carbonate was 1: 2;
Described other comonomer is: one or both in methyl acrylate, methylene-succinic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, Hydroxyethyl acrylate, the acrylamide;
The multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is vinyl cyanide and methyl acrylate or methylene-succinic acid copolymer, and wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide is 95～99%, comonomer 1～5%;
The multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is the copolymer of vinyl cyanide and methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, Hydroxyethyl acrylate or acrylamide, wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide is 95%, and comonomer is 5%;
The multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is vinyl cyanide, methylene-succinic acid and methyl acrylate terpolymer multipolymer, and wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide 97%, methylene-succinic acid 1%, methyl acrylate 2%;
2) preparation of the multipolymer of acrylonitrile homopolymer or vinyl cyanide and its comonomer
In polymerization unit, with the ethylene carbonate is solvent, with the Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate is initiator, promptly connecting the dithio dibenzoyl disulfide with above-mentioned dithio thing is chain-transfer agent for thing or company's dithio phenylacetyl dithio thing, add vinyl cyanide or vinyl cyanide and other comonomer, remove oxygen through following three circulations: " in liquid nitrogen freezing 3 minutes become solid-use vacuum line fully be evacuated to 3mm mercury column-room temperature and thaw " to being melted into a homogeneous phase solution fully to system, 80 ℃ of reactions of normal pressure are 10 hours under nitrogen protection, in frozen water, cool off then, precipitation polymers in the excessive methanol of 10 times of system volumes, filter, washing, vacuum-drying obtains the multipolymer of acrylonitrile homopolymer or vinyl cyanide and its comonomer;
Wherein, vinyl cyanide and other comonomer in the system: the dithio thing: the molar ratio of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate is: 800: 1: 1, the volume ratio of vinyl cyanide and other comonomer and solvent ethylene carbonate was 1: 2 in the system;
Described other comonomer is: one or both in methyl acrylate, methylene-succinic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, Hydroxyethyl acrylate, the acrylamide.
2. according to equal (being total to) polymers preparation method of right 1 described a kind of vinyl cyanide, it is characterized in that, the multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is vinyl cyanide and methyl acrylate or methylene-succinic acid copolymer, wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide is 95～99%, comonomer 1～5%.
3. according to equal (being total to) polymers preparation method of right 1 described a kind of vinyl cyanide, it is characterized in that, the multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is the copolymer of vinyl cyanide and methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, Hydroxyethyl acrylate or acrylamide, wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide is 95%, and comonomer is 5%;
4. according to equal (being total to) polymers preparation method of right 1 described a kind of vinyl cyanide, it is characterized in that, the multipolymer of described vinyl cyanide and its comonomer is vinyl cyanide, methylene-succinic acid and methyl acrylate terpolymer multipolymer, wherein, the monomeric charge weight percent is: vinyl cyanide 97%, methylene-succinic acid 1%, methyl acrylate 2%.
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| EP1533327A1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-05-25 | ETH Zürich | Process for producing homo- and co- polymers by RAFT emulsion polymerization |
| CN1301272C (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2007-02-21 | 苏州大学 | Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer free radical polymerization method |
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