CN1960102B - Arc, earth leakage protection, and protection method - Google Patents
Arc, earth leakage protection, and protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1960102B CN1960102B CN2006101167553A CN200610116755A CN1960102B CN 1960102 B CN1960102 B CN 1960102B CN 2006101167553 A CN2006101167553 A CN 2006101167553A CN 200610116755 A CN200610116755 A CN 200610116755A CN 1960102 B CN1960102 B CN 1960102B
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Abstract
Arc and earth leakage protector is composed of control circuit board, fault detection module, and tripping device. Output of the fault detection module is connected to the control circuit board, and input of the module is connected to the input end of fault signals of arc or leakage generated by load. The tripping device is connected to signal output end of action of control circuit board, and electrical source supplying end for load respectively. Signal after detecting leakage current, arc for creepage equipment by using current transformer passes through demodulation and amplification processes to microprocessor for further analyzing process. Microprocessor determines whether tripping signal is need to send out. Being amplified by drive circuit, tripping signal forces tripping apparatus to action to cut off power supply for the creepage equipment. The invention prevents and reduces safety misadventure from occurring caused by leakage current, arc etc of creepage equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of the route protection of a kind of arc fault, leak current fault; refer in particular to a kind of being applied in the low voltage power supply system; when between the transmission line or the electric arc that causes owing to fault between power transmission line and the ground or when electric leakage; the power supply of can cutting off the electricity supply automatically prevents the arc, earth leakage protection device and the guard method thereof of fire.
Background technology
At present, along with development of global economy, the raising of people's living standard, domestic electric appliance is more and more, and the single-machine capacity of using is in continuous increase.And in the low-voltage distribution feed system, along with the continuous increase of electric equipment, the continuous increase of single-machine capacity, make supply line often be in full load condition even overload state, be in overload sometimes even for a long time, thereby the insulating barrier on its supply line surface is very easily aging; And general air switch and earth leakage protection switch be for because aging electric arc that takes place of circuit surface insulation layer and then the burning that causes can not be protected action, and the phenomenon that causes the electric arc in the transmission line and produce arc burning takes place repeatedly.For this reason; the applicant had once applied for Chinese patent " arc, earth leakage protection device and guard method thereof " (number of patent application: 200510027764.0); provide a kind of to domestic electric appliance and low-voltage electrical apparatus device and the electric arc or the electric leakage that cause; the power supply of can cutting off the electricity supply automatically; prevent the arc, earth leakage protection device and the guard method thereof of fire, but this device still has some deficits aspect reliability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve problems of the prior art; provide a kind of reliability higher can be to domestic electric appliance and low-voltage electrical apparatus device and the electric arc or the electric leakage that cause; automatically the power supply of cutting off the electricity supply prevents the arc, earth leakage protection device and the guard method thereof of fire.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of arc, earth leakage protection device; it is characterized in that forming by power circuit 1, fault detect assembly 20, the control circuit 8 that is connected with fault detect assembly 20, the action drives circuit 11 that is connected with control circuit 8 and the trip gear 13 that links to each other with the output and the load power source line of action drives circuit 11 respectively, wherein:
Described power circuit 1 is the power supply part of described arc, earth leakage protection device, by being divided into two-way output after the first capacitor C Y1 and the surge absorption resistance RY1 parallel connection, comprising:
The main power source part: one tunnel output of the parallel circuits that above-mentioned first capacitor C Y1 and surge absorption resistance RY1 form is connected to first resistance R 12 by second capacitor C 9, another road output is connected to second resistance R 13 by the 3rd capacitor C 10 earlier, and then be connected respectively to 2 input pins of the first rectifier bridge D2, wherein first resistance R 12 and second resistance R 13 are the surge damaged lines that prevent power supply, the output of the first rectifier bridge D2 is connected to the first power vd D after connecting a LED display circuit 18, the first power vd D is connected with an end of the 3rd resistance R 14, the 3rd resistance R 14 is in parallel with the 4th capacitor C 11, the other end of the 3rd resistance R 14 is connected to 1 pin that model is the first voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip U2 of TLA31, the 2 pin ground connection of the first voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip U2,3 pin meet the first power vd D; And
The auxiliary power part: the above-mentioned first capacitor C Y1 is connected with one second a rectifier bridge D12 input pin respectively with the two ends of the parallel circuits that surge absorption resistance RY1 forms, one the 5th capacitor C 1 in parallel between the output of the second rectifier bridge D1 and the ground, be used for absorbing EMI, the output of the second rectifier bridge D1 is divided into three the tunnel, and the 1 the tunnel is connected to the collector electrode of high-voltage three-pole pipe V1 through the 4th resistance R 1; Be connected to an end of the parallel circuits of the 8th resistance R 11 and the 6th capacitor C 3 compositions after the 2 tunnel process the 5th resistance R 8, the 6th resistance R 9 and the 7th resistance R 10 that are connected in series, the other end ground connection of this parallel circuits, wherein the AD of the microprocessor in the tie point of the 7th resistance R 10 and the 8th resistance R 11 and the above-mentioned control circuit 8 sampling input pin is connected, and is used for gathering the ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of supply voltage; The 9th resistance R 2 that the 3 tunnel process is connected in series, be connected to the base stage of above-mentioned high-voltage three-pole pipe V1 after the tenth resistance R 3, the model in addition that is connected high-voltage three-pole pipe V1 base stage is 3 pin of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip U1 of TLA31,3 pin of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip U1 also are connected with an end of the 7th capacitor C 4, the other end of the 7th capacitor C 4 is connected to 1 pin of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip U1,1 pin of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip U1 also is connected to the first power vd D through the 11 resistance R 4,1 pin of the described second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip U1 is also through the 12 resistance R 5 ground connection, the 2 pin ground connection of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip U1, the emitter of above-mentioned high-voltage three-pole pipe V1 also is connected to the first power vd D;
Described fault detect assembly 20 comprises: arc-detection parts 9, the difference mode signal extraction amplifier section 201, electric arc and the detection of electrical leakage parts 10 that are connected with arc-detection parts 9, the common-mode signal extraction amplifier section 202 that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10 and the electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12 that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10 are formed, wherein:
Difference mode signal extracts amplifier section 201 and comprises: the difference mode signal detecting circuit 2 that is connected with arc-detection parts 9, the difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 that is connected with difference mode signal detecting circuit 2 and the difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4 that is connected with difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3;
Common-mode signal is extracted amplifier section 202 and is comprised: the common-mode signal detecting circuit 5 that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10, the common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 that is connected with common mode signal demodulator circuit 5 and the common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7 that is connected with common mode signal amplification circuit 6;
The electric structure that described arc-detection parts 9 and difference mode signal extract amplifier section 201 comprises: arc-detection parts 9 are HF current transformer, detect the electric arc difference mode signal, wherein any coil that passes this HF current transformer of the load power source line of protecting, one end of the coil of described HF current transformer is connected to the input pin of the first detection rectifier bridge AD1 of described difference mode signal detecting circuit 2, an end of described coil is through the 13 resistance AR2 ground connection simultaneously, the other end of described coil is connected to another input pin of the first detection rectifier bridge AD1 by the 8th electric capacity AC1, another input pin of the described first detection rectifier bridge AD1 is through the 14 resistance AR1 ground connection simultaneously, and the output pin of the first detection rectifier bridge AD1 is connected to " just " input pin of the first amplifier U3A of described difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3; Connect a circuit that is composed in parallel by the first diode AD2, the 15 resistance AR3 and the 9th electric capacity AC2 three between described first amplifier U3A " just " input pin and the ground, " just " input pin of the first amplifier U3A also is connected to the test output terminal PWM1 of the microprocessor U4 in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 by the 16 resistance AR4; The output pin of the first amplifier U3A is divided into three the tunnel, the 17 resistance AR5 of wherein leading up to gets back to " bearing " input pin of the first amplifier U3A, " bearing " input pin of the first amplifier U3A is by the 18 resistance AR6 ground connection simultaneously, in addition two the tunnel are connected with described difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4, in described difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4, described in addition the 19 resistance AR10 of leading up in two tunnel delivers to arc signal the AD conversion input RF_H of the microprocessor U4 in the above-mentioned control circuit 8, the AD input RF_L of the microprocessor U4 in the above-mentioned control circuit (8) is delivered to arc signal by integrating circuit on described in addition another road in two tunnel, this integrating circuit is by the second diode AD3, the 20 resistance AR7, the 21 resistance AR8 and the tenth electric capacity AC3 form, wherein said another road connects the anode of second diode, the negative electrode of the second diode AD3 is connected to the end of the 20 resistance AR7, the other end of the 20 resistance AR7 is connected to ground connection behind the parallel circuits of being made up of the 21 resistance AR8 and the tenth electric capacity AC3, and the other end of the 20 resistance AR7 is also exported above-mentioned arc signal to described AD input RF_L by the 22 resistance AR9 simultaneously;
The electric structure that described electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10 and common-mode signal are extracted amplifier section 202 comprises: electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10 are current transformers of a high magnetic flux of high frequency, be used to detect electric arc common-mode signal and electric leakage signal, the current transformer of the high magnetic flux of described high frequency uses amorphous soft magnetic material or ultracrystallite soft magnetic material to make, whole coils that pass the current transformer of the high magnetic flux of this high frequency of the load power source line of protecting, one end of coil is connected to as the input pin of the second detection rectifier bridge BD1 of common-mode signal detecting circuit 5 and through the 23 resistance BR2 ground connection, the other end of coil is connected to another input pin of the second detection rectifier bridge BD1 by the 11 electric capacity BC1, another input pin of the described second detection rectifier bridge BD1 is by the 24 resistance BR1 ground connection, the output head grounding of the second detection rectifier bridge BD1, another output are connected to " just " input pin as the second amplifier U3B of common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6; Connect one between " just " input pin of the second amplifier U3B and the ground by the 3rd diode BD2, the 25 resistance BR3 and the 12 electric capacity BC2 parallel circuits of forming parallel with one another, " just " input pin of the described second amplifier U3B also is connected to the described test output terminal PWM1 of the microprocessor in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 by the 26 resistance BR4; The output pin of the second amplifier U3B is divided into three the tunnel, the 27 resistance BR5 of wherein leading up to gets back to " bearing " input pin of the second amplifier U3B, simultaneously " bearing " input pin of the second amplifier U3B is connected to ground connection behind the parallel circuits of being made up of the 13 electric capacity BC3 and the 29 resistance BR7 by the 28 resistance BR6, in addition two the tunnel are connected with described common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7, in described common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7, described in addition the 30 resistance BR10 of leading up in two tunnel delivers to arc signal another AD conversion input FJ_H of the microprocessor U4 in the above-mentioned control circuit 8, another AD input FJ_L of the microprocessor U4 in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 is delivered to arc signal by integrating circuit on described in addition another road in two tunnel, this integrating circuit is by the 4th diode BD3, the 31 resistance BR8, the 32 resistance BR9 and the 14 electric capacity BC4 form, wherein said another road connects the anode of the 4th diode, the negative electrode of the 4th diode BD3 is connected to the end of the 31 resistance BR8, the other end of the 31 resistance BR8 is connected to ground connection behind the parallel circuits of being made up of the 32 resistance BR9 and the 14 electric capacity BC4, and the other end of the 31 resistance BR8 is exported above-mentioned arc signal to described another AD input FJ_L by the 33 resistance BR11 simultaneously;
The electric structure of described electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12 comprises: any end of the coil of the current transformer of the high magnetic flux of above-mentioned high frequency is connected to " just " input pin of the 3rd amplifier U5A by the 34 resistance LR1, the output pin of the 3rd amplifier U5A connects the 5th diode LD1, the 35 resistance LR7 of leading up to then delivers to electric leakage signal the AD sampling input pin LCD of the microprocessor U4 in the above-mentioned control circuit 8, another road is connected to " just " input pin of the first comparator U3D, Third Road sends back to " bearing " input pin of the 3rd amplifier U5A by the 36 resistance LR2, " bearing " input pin of the 3rd amplifier U5A is by the 37 resistance LR3 ground connection simultaneously, " just " input pin of the 3rd amplifier U5A is connected to " bearing " input pin of the 4th amplifier U5B by the 38 resistance LR4, " bearing " input pin of the 4th amplifier U5B is connected to " just " input pin of the first comparator U3D by the 39 resistance LR5, " just " input pin of the 4th amplifier U5B is by the 40 resistance LR6 ground connection, the output pin of the 4th amplifier U5B is connected to " just " input pin of the first comparator U3D after by the 6th diode LD2, " bearing " input pin of the first comparator U3D meets the reference voltage pin SAL of the microprocessor U4 in the above-mentioned control circuit 8, and the output pin of the first comparator U3D is delivered to signal by the 41 resistance LR8 the Interrupt Process pin LCD_INT of the microprocessor U4 in the above-mentioned control circuit 8;
The electric structure of described control circuit 8 comprises: the AD converter of the output signal of described fault detect assembly 20 being carried out the AD conversion; The output of electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12 is carried out the interrupt handler of Interrupt Process; Above-mentioned signal through AD converter output is handled and is sent the described microprocessor U4 and the input/output interface of action control signal;
The electric structure of described action drives circuit 11 comprises: an Interface Terminal JP2, be used for connecting the control assembly in the trip gear 13, an Interface Terminal JP2 piezo-resistance RY2 in parallel, the end of Interface Terminal JP2 connects the load pin T1 of bidirectional triode thyristor CR1, the other end is connected to another load pin T2 of bidirectional triode thyristor CR1 through fuse F2, the described other end is connected to an end of the 42 resistance R 17 simultaneously, the other end of the 42 resistance R 17 is connected to an end of the 43 resistance R 18, the other end of the 43 resistance R 18 is connected to the input pin of isolation drive parts U5, another input pin of isolation drive parts U5 is connected to the control end of bidirectional triode thyristor CR1, the output pin of isolation drive parts U5 is connected to the DC power supply VCC_MCU of described microprocessor by the 44 resistance R 16, and another output pin of isolation drive parts U5 is linked the control output pin SCR_IN of above-mentioned microprocessor U4;
Described trip gear 13 is made up of the control assembly of the described switch S 1 of the switch S 1, S2 and the control that are connected with the load power source line, S2 action, and described control assembly is connected with the Interface Terminal JP2 of described action drives circuit 11.
In addition, in order to realize purpose of the present invention, a kind of guard method of arc, earth leakage protection device is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
When handling electric leakage signal, microprocessor U4 carries out the AD conversion to the signal of sending here from electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12, and judge whether electric leakage signal meets the tripping operation requirement, if electric leakage signal meets the tripping operation requirement, microprocessor U4 makes the bidirectional triode thyristor action in the action drives circuit 11, trip gear 13 is threaded off, cut-out is as the power supply of the electric equipment of load, if electric leakage signal is undesirable, just judge whether timer reaches the time restriction value, if arrived the time restriction value, microprocessor U4 just gets back to idle low-power consumption mode;
When handling test signal, microprocessor U4 oneself produces the signal of a simulation, give the input of difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6, judge the output state of difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 then, whether working properly, if work is undesired, microprocessor U4 makes the bidirectional triode thyristor action in the action drives circuit 11 if being used for decision circuitry hardware, trip gear 13 is threaded off, cut off power supply as the electric equipment of load;
When handling arc signal, the signal that microprocessor U4 sends difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 here carries out the AD conversion, the two-way arc signal and processing after the AD conversion, the line item of going forward side by side, the half period of each electric current once stores and cumulative calculation simultaneously, judge whether the arc signal waveform satisfies trip condition, if meet trip condition, described microprocessor makes the bidirectional triode thyristor action in the action drives circuit 11, trip gear 13 is threaded off, cut-out is as the power supply of the electric equipment of load, if do not meet trip condition, just judge whether timer reaches the time restriction value, if arrived the time restriction value, microprocessor is just got back to idle low-power consumption mode.
Effect of the present invention:
Arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention and guard method thereof provide a kind of safety guard and guard method thereof of new low tension device.Electric arc or electric leakage that the present invention causes domestic electric appliance and low-voltage electrical apparatus device can be cut off the power supply input of electric equipment rapidly, thereby avoid the generation of fire incident.If enterprise uses the fault expansion that device of the present invention can prevent equipment, reduce the plant maintenance funds.The present invention also can be used in automotive field, to prevent the self-burning of vehicle accident.The characteristic of circuit of the present invention is to have solved in the past like product can't discern the problem of distinguishing strong EMI and electric arc, and the present invention adopts two detection instrument transformers, uses different materials, different characteristics, different methods of attachment.
The present invention has detected common mode and difference mode signal to arc-detection more comprehensively simultaneously, thereby can very clearly differentiate false fault, has improved dependability.
The present invention can effectively prevent and reduce the generation of the dangerous accident that is caused by the leakage current of electric equipment, electric arc etc. in sum, is very significant for the fire incident that reduces family and society.
Device of the present invention also have compact conformation, volume small and exquisite, reliable, need not to add in addition advantage such as power supply and device itself be easy for installation.
For further specifying above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, design feature and effect, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electric theory diagram of arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enforcement illustration of power circuit among the present invention for Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 extracts the circuit structure diagram of amplifier section for difference mode signal;
Fig. 4 extracts the circuit structure diagram of amplifier section for common-mode signal;
Fig. 5 is the circuit structure diagram of electric leakage signal amplifying circuit;
Fig. 6 is the circuit structure diagram of magnetic test coil test circuit;
Fig. 7 is the circuit structure diagram of zero passage detection synchronous circuit;
Fig. 8 is the circuit structure diagram of Test Switchboard circuit;
Fig. 9 provides the circuit structure diagram of circuit for reference potential;
Figure 10 is the circuit structure diagram of software upgrading port;
Figure 11 is a microcontroller circuit pin schematic diagram;
Figure 12 is the circuit structure diagram of display circuit;
Figure 13 is the circuit structure diagram of action drives circuit;
Figure 14 is the instrument transformer connection diagram;
Figure 15 is the flow chart of the guard method of arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention;
Figure 16 is the flow chart of the microprocessor judges step among Figure 15;
Figure 17 is the flow chart of the circuit test step among Figure 15.
Embodiment
Arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention is that signal after being detected by leakage current, electric arc to Electrical leakage equipment by electric current mutual inductance device is through detection, amplification, carry out analyzing and processing to micro treatmenting device then; judge whether at last to send trip signal; the trip signal that sends forces the trip gear action after drive circuit amplifies, with the power supply input of rapid cut-out electric equipment.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the execution mode of arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention and guard method thereof is specifically described.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the electric theory diagram of arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention.
The trip gear 13 that the inventive system comprises power circuit 1, fault detect assembly 20, the control circuit 8 that is connected with fault detect assembly 20, the action drives circuit 11 that is connected with control circuit 8 and link to each other with the output and the load power source line of action drives circuit 11 respectively.
Described fault detect assembly 20 comprises: arc-detection parts 9, the difference mode signal extraction amplifier section 201, electric arc and the detection of electrical leakage parts 10 that are connected with arc-detection parts 9, the common-mode signal extraction amplifier section 202 that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10 and the electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12 that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10 are formed.Wherein difference mode signal extraction amplifier section 201 comprises: the difference mode signal detecting circuit 2 that is connected with arc-detection parts 9, the difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 that is connected with difference mode signal detecting circuit 2 and the difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4 that is connected with difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3.Wherein common-mode signal extraction amplifier section 202 comprises: the common-mode signal detecting circuit 5 that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10, the common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 that is connected with common mode signal demodulator circuit 5 and the common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7 that is connected with common mode signal amplification circuit 6.
Described control circuit 8 comprises: the AD converter that AD (modulus) changes is carried out in the output of above-mentioned difference mode signal being extracted amplifier section 201, common-mode signal extraction amplifier section 202 and electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12; The output of electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12 is carried out the interrupt handler of Interrupt Process; Above-mentioned signal through AD converter output is handled and is sent the microprocessor MCU and the input/output interface Ioout of action control signal.
Structure to above-mentioned each circuit elaborates below.
The embodiment of above-mentioned power circuit 1 is referring to Fig. 2.
Capacitor C Y1 is that an end is connected with resistance R 12 by capacitor C 9 with the first via output of the parallel circuits that resistance R Y1 forms, send into 1 pin of rectifier bridge D2 then, the other end is to be connected to R13 by capacitor C 10, R13 is connected to 3 pin of rectifier bridge D2, wherein resistance R 12 and R13 mainly prevent the surge damaged line of power supply, 4 pin of rectifier bridge D2 and the direct current ground of circuit are connected, it also is the negative terminal of power supply, 2 pin of rectifier bridge D2 are connected to power vd D after having passed through a LED, also be connected simultaneously with a resistance R 14, resistance R 14 is connected with a capacitor C 11, the tie point of series connection is connected to 1 pin of voltage stabilizing prover pipe U2 (TLA31), the 2 pin ground connection of voltage stabilizing prover pipe U2,3 pin meet VDD, have so just constituted the main power source part of a circuit power, and LED directly goes here and there in power supply simultaneously, removed connecing a display circuit 18 (shown in Figure 12) in addition from, thereby lowered the element number of circuit and the electric current spending of circuit.
The second tunnel output of the parallel circuits that above-mentioned capacitor C Y1 and resistance R Y1 form is that two ends are connected with 3 pin with 1 of a rectifier bridge D1 respectively, 4 pin of D1 are connected to the ground of circuit, capacitor C 1 in parallel between 4 pin and 2 pin, be used for absorbing EMI, 2 pin of D1 divide four the tunnel, the 1 the tunnel through the collector electrode of resistance R 1 back to high-voltage three-pole pipe V1, and collector electrode connects a capacitor C 2 over the ground simultaneously; Be connected to an end of the parallel circuits of resistance R 11 and capacitor C 3 compositions after the series connection of the 2 tunnel process resistance R 8, R9, R10, the other end of electric capacity R11 and resistance C3 parallel circuits is connected to power supply ground, the AD sampling input 26 pin VM of microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the tie point of resistance R 10 and R11 and the above-mentioned control circuit 8 are connected, be used for gathering the ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of supply voltage, be used for being used as the condition of a judgement; Be connected to the base stage of above-mentioned high-voltage three-pole pipe V1 behind the resistance R 2 that the 3 tunnel process is connected in series, the R3, be connected 3 pin that also have voltage stabilizing prover pipe U1 (TLA31) of high-voltage three-pole pipe V1 base stage and an end of capacitor C 4, the other end of C4 is connected to 1 pin of voltage stabilizing prover pipe U1,1 pin of voltage stabilizing prover pipe U1 also is connected to the VDD of DC power supply through resistance R 4, also be connected to power supply ground through resistance R 5.2 pin of voltage stabilizing prover pipe U1 are connected to the ground of power supply.The emitter of above-mentioned high-voltage three-pole pipe V1 also is connected to power vd D, so just constituted the reserve piece of power supply, auxiliary power part just, relying on above-mentioned main power source at ordinary times partly works, has only the abnormity of power supply of working as, the auxiliary power part was just worked when electric power was not enough, thereby had reduced the heating of power supply, had increased power supply supply capacity and reliability.In addition, connect one by storage capacitor C5 between power vd D and the ground, divide two-way then, one the tunnel through being connected to the power supply positive input pin VCC_MCU of the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 after the resistance R 6, and be connected to the circuit that is connected in parallel by capacitor C 6 and C7, ground connection then simultaneously; Another road is connected to the positive VCC_AMP of power supply of the electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12 in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 through resistance R 7, simultaneously between VCC_AMP and the ground and a capacitor C 8.
1 fen two parts of above-mentioned power circuit are partly powered by above-mentioned main power source when power supply is normal, i.e. capacitance decompression power supply, and the reduction voltage circuit resistance of having connected has again prevented that surge from damaging device, capacitance decompression has that heating is little, the life-span long, the advantage of reliable operation simultaneously.When partly being powered by above-mentioned auxiliary power when unusual appears in power supply, voltage undersupply when preventing abnormity of power supply and the circuit malfunction that causes has improved dependability.
The dividing point that resistance R 8 in the above-mentioned power circuit 1, R9, R10, R11, capacitor C 3 constitute is delivered to AD conversion pin (26 pin) VM of MCUU4, be used for judging the distortion of power supply sine voltage, thereby the order of severity of failure judgement, the judgement speed of regulating MCU U4 then dynamically.
Above-mentioned difference mode signal extracts the circuit structure of amplifier section 201 referring to shown in Figure 3.
Difference mode signal extraction amplifier section 201 is made up of as shown in Figure 1 the difference mode signal detecting circuit 2 that is connected with arc-detection parts 9, difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4, and concrete electric structure is explained as follows.
The extraction part that above-mentioned arc-detection parts 9 are electric arc difference mode signals; be to adopt a HF current transformer JP_RF; can select for use the platinum molybdenum alloy of powder core material or opening or the soft magnetic material of amorphous or ferrite I section bar material to make HF current transformer; present embodiment uses the iron sial to make; wherein any one the load power source line that will protect is passed this HF current transformer JP_RF (referring to shown in Figure 14), is used for harmonic component (arc current) in the collected current.Be wound with coil above the instrument transformer JP_RF, one end of coil be connected to difference mode signal detecting circuit 2 detection rectifier bridge AD1 3 pin and through a resistance AR2 to ground, the other end of coil is connected to 1 pin of detection rectifier bridge AD1 by electric capacity AC1,1 pin of AD1 is by resistance AR1 ground connection, the 4 pin ground connection of detection rectifier bridge AD1,2 pin of AD1 are connected to " just " input 3 pin of the amplifier U3A of difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3, connect one simultaneously between 3 pin of amplifier U3A and the ground by diode AD2, the circuit that resistance AR3 and electric capacity AC2 compose in parallel, 3 pin of last amplifier U3A are connected to the test output PWM1 of the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 by a resistance AR4, output 1 pin of amplifier U3A is divided into three the tunnel, the resistance AR5 of wherein leading up to gets back to " bearing " input 2 pin of U3A, 2 pin of U3A connect ground by resistance AR6 simultaneously, two the tunnel is as difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4 in addition, one the tunnel is to change input by the microprocessor AD that resistance AR10 delivers to arc signal in the above-mentioned control circuit 8, also have one the tunnel to be the AD input 2 pin RF_L that arc signal delivered to the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 by integrating circuit, this integrating circuit is through being connected to resistance AR7 behind the diode AD3, resistance AR7 one road is connected to by resistance AR8, ground connection behind the parallel circuits that electric capacity AC3 forms, another road is by resistance AR9 output, and above-mentioned amplifier U3A adopts the LM324 integrated circuit;
Above-mentioned common-mode signal is extracted the circuit structure of amplifier section 202 referring to shown in Figure 4.
Common-mode signal is extracted amplifier section 202 and is made up of as shown in Figure 1 electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10, common-mode signal detecting circuit 5, common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 and common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7, and concrete structure is explained as follows.
The extraction part of above-mentioned electric arc and electric leakage inspection signal; it is the current transformer JP_FJ of a high magnetic flux of high frequency that common-mode signal is extracted part; here using platinum molybdenum alloy or amorphous or ultra micro to survey parts 10 is that the soft magnetic material of the brilliant material of common mode is made; whole current transformer JP_FJ (referring to shown in Figure 14) that pass the high magnetic flux of this high frequency of the load power source line that will protect, be used for the common mode radiation part (arc current, leakage current) of the harmonic component in the collected current.Be wound with coil above the instrument transformer JP_FJ, an end of coil is connected to as 3 pin of the detection rectifier bridge BD1 of common-mode signal detecting circuit 5 and through a resistance BR2 ground connection.The other end of coil is connected to 1 pin of detection rectifier bridge BD1 by electric capacity BC1, and 1 pin of the rectifier bridge of detection simultaneously BD1 connects ground by resistance BR1.The 4 pin ground connection of detection rectifier bridge BD1,2 pin of detection rectifier bridge BD1 are connected to " just " input 5 pin as the amplifier U3B of common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6, a diode BD2 and resistance BR3 are connected in parallel between 5 pin of amplifier U3B and the ground, electric capacity BC2 also in parallel, 5 pin of last amplifier U3B are connected to the test output PWM1 of the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 by a resistance BR4.7 pin of amplifier U3B are divided into three the tunnel, the resistance BR5 of wherein leading up to gets back to " bearing " input 6 pin of amplifier U3B, simultaneously 6 pin of amplifier U3B are connected to ground connection behind the parallel circuits of being made up of electric capacity BC3 and resistance BR7 by resistance BR6, in addition two the tunnel are connected with described common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7, the resistance BR10 of leading up in the described common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7 delivers to arc signal the AD conversion input 3 pin FJ_H of the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8, also have one the tunnel to be the AD input 4 pin FJ_L that arc signal delivered to the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 by integrating circuit, this integrating circuit is by by being connected to resistance BR8 behind the diode BD3, resistance BR8 is connected to ground connection behind the parallel circuits of being made up of resistance BR9 and electric capacity BC4, and another road is formed by resistance BR11 output.
Common-mode transformer by high pass and low pass filter after processing and amplifying respectively, both when the electric leakage instrument transformer, when the electric arc instrument transformer, also be feature of the present invention again.
When finding suspicious arc fault is arranged, microprocessor U4 preferentially judges difference mode signal, if satisfying condition, difference mode signal just judges common-mode signal again, if when EMI (electromagnetic interference) has also satisfied Changing Pattern or satisfied time span, just when an effective arcing fault signal.Because EMI has a feature unicity, so generally can not satisfy two condition flags simultaneously.But the feature of electric arc is multifarious, and this is exactly the true nature difference of EMI and electric arc.If only detect one, so just might misoperation when EMI just in time satisfies condition.But detect simultaneously after two conditions, just do not have such situation to occur.So this device is practical more and reliable.
The circuit structure of above-mentioned electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12 is referring to shown in Figure 5.
Above-mentioned electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12, be to have used same instrument transformer JP_FJ with arc-detection, any end of the coil of instrument transformer JP_FJ is connected to " just " input 3 pin of amplifier U5A by resistance LR1,3 pin of amplifier U5A connect ground connection behind the electric capacity LC1, the 4 pin ground connection of amplifier U5A, 8 pin of amplifier U5A fetch the amplifier power supply VCC_AMP in above-mentioned power circuit 1, output 1 pin of amplifier U5A connects diode LD1, the resistance LR7 of leading up to then delivers to electric leakage signal the AD sampling input 25 pin LCD of the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8, another road is connected to 12 pin of comparator U3D, Third Road is imported 2 pin by " anti-phase " that resistance LR2 sends back to amplifier U5A, and 2 pin of amplifier U5A are by resistance LR 3 ground connection simultaneously.3 pin of amplifier U5A are connected to " anti-phase " input 6 pin of amplifier U5B by resistance LR4, and 6 pin of amplifier U5B are connected to " just " input 12 pin of comparator U3D by resistance LR5.Amplifier U5B " just " input is by a resistance LR6 ground connection, and output 7 pin of amplifier U5B are connected to 12 pin of comparator U3D after by diode LD2." anti-phase " input 13 pin of comparator U3D meet the reference voltage SAL of 22 pin of the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8, output 14 pin of comparator U3D are delivered to signal on the Interrupt Process pin LCD_INT 11 of the microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in the above-mentioned control circuit 8 by resistance LR8, and above-mentioned amplifier U5A, U5B adopt the LM358 integrated circuit.
This device also comprises magnetic test coil test circuit 14, and the circuit structure of magnetic test coil test circuit is referring to shown in Figure 6.
Magnetic test coil test circuit 14 is additional circuit, can detect all whether the work of circuit element is normal in the device of the present invention.From power vd D, meet a resistance CR2, be connected to capacitor C C1, capacitor C C1 other end ground connection then, the tie point place of resistance CR2 and capacitor C C1 is connected two test auxiliary winding L_FJ and L_RF, wherein auxiliary winding L_RF is on the coil of the instrument transformer JP_RF of above-mentioned arc-detection parts 9, be used for testing the quality of instrument transformer JP_RF, auxiliary winding L_FJ on the coil of the instrument transformer JP_FJ of above-mentioned electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts 10, the quality that is used for testing instrument transformer JP_FJ.Two other ends of testing auxiliary winding L_RF and L_FJ are connected respectively in the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and Q2, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and Q2 is ground connection all, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and Q2 connects together, lead up to resistance CR1 ground connection, pulse (square wave) the output 28 pin PWM2 of microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) in another road and the above-mentioned control circuit 8 are connected, be used for simulating the generation fault-signal, whether normal with the detection line operation, whether instrument transformer is normal, promptly deliver in the magnetic test coil test circuit 14 by the square wave of the generation of microprocessor U4, instrument transformer in instrument transformer in difference mode signal extracts partly and electric arc and the electric leakage inspection signal detects the simulated failure signal, this simulated failure signal is through differential mode, common mode amplifying circuit 3,6 send microprocessor U4 back to, and microprocessor U4 judges according to gathering the signal of returning whether circuit is normal.
Adopt a zero passage detection synchronous circuit 15 in the circuit of this device, Fig. 7 is the circuit structure diagram of zero passage detection synchronous circuit.
As shown in the figure, in zero passage detection synchronous circuit 15, " anti-phase " to comparator U3C after wherein (L1) of load power source line is connected in series by resistance R 22 and R23 imports 9 pin, 9 pin of comparator U3C are by resistance R 24 ground connection, " just " input 10 pin of the comparator U3C that another root (N) of load power source line arrives after being connected in series by resistance R 25 and R26,10 pin of comparator U3C are by resistance R 27 ground connection, 4 pin of comparator U3C meet the power supply VCC_AMP of above-mentioned electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12, the 11 pin ground connection of comparator U3C, 8 pin of comparator U3C are delivered on the 10 pin Hout (being the synchronous pin of sinusoidal wave zero passage) of above-mentioned microprocessor U4 through resistance R 28, current zero-crossing signal is provided, is used for adapting to automatically load power source.
Adopt a Test Switchboard circuit 16 in the circuit of this device, Fig. 8 is the circuit structure diagram of Test Switchboard circuit.
Utilize Test Switchboard circuit 16 that device can oneself be detected to judge whether operate as normal of signalling channel.Described test circuit 16 comprises that difference mode signal extracts the resistance AR4 (shown in Figure 3) in the amplifier section 201, common-mode signal is extracted resistance BR4 (shown in Figure 4) and resistance R 29 shown in Fig. 8 and the Test Switchboard K1 composition in the amplifier section 202, wherein resistance R 29 1 ends connect the DC power supply VCC_MCU of microprocessor U4, resistance R 29 other ends connect the end of Test Switchboard K1, the other end ground connection of Test Switchboard K1, resistance R 29 is connected with the resetting pin 6 pin REST of microprocessor U4 with the tie point of Test Switchboard K1, when pressing Test Switchboard K1, microprocessor U4 sends the simulated failure signal, by the above-mentioned AR4 of resistance, BR4 delivers to described signal demodulator circuit 2, on 5, just simulation is once threaded off and is moved, expression circuit operate as normal.
Adopt a reference potential that circuit 17 is provided in the circuit of this device, Fig. 9 provides the circuit structure diagram of circuit for reference potential.
As shown in the figure, the power supply VCC_MCU of microprocessor U4 also is connected to by resistance R 20 by resistance R 19 and resistance R 21 series connection are back and an end of the parallel circuits that capacitor C 12 is formed, the other end ground connection of this parallel circuits, the tie point of resistance R 20 and resistance R 21 series connection is connected on the reference voltage 22 pin SAL of microprocessor U4, and U4 provides reference voltage to microprocessor.
Adopt a software upgrading port (code upgrade mouth) in the circuit of this device, promptly this code upgrade mouth is the ICP download mouth 19 among Fig. 1, and Figure 10 is the circuit structure diagram of software upgrading port.
As shown in the figure, 1 pin of software upgrading port JP3 is connected on the power supply VCC_MCU of above-mentioned microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer), 2 pin of JP3 are connected on the data port 23 pin SDL of above-mentioned microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer), 3 pin of JP3 are connected on above-mentioned microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer) the reference voltage 22 pin SAL (22 pin were clock pin when data serial transmitted in the time of upgrading), 4 pin of JP3 are connected on the 6 pin REST that reset of above-mentioned microprocessor U4 (single-chip microcomputer), the 5 pin ground connection (GND) of JP3, the software upgrading port is to be used for software upgrading in the future.
The circuit pins schematic diagram of microprocessor U4 in this device control circuit 8 is referring to Figure 11.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned microprocessor (MCU) U4 adopts the P89LPC935 single-chip microcomputer.AD converter in the control circuit described in the present embodiment 8, interrupt handler are that above-mentioned microprocessor (MCU) U4 adopts existing functional part on the P89LPC935 single-chip microcomputer, therefore, above-mentioned microprocessor (MCU) U4, AD converter, interrupt handler are the chips that adopts same tape comparator, have AD converter, external interrupt input and the 20 LIULUTONG input/output terminals of eight tunnel inputs.
This device is provided with fault and shows employing display circuit 18, and Figure 12 is the circuit structure diagram of this device display circuit.
The circuit structure of the action drives circuit 11 of this device is referring to shown in Figure 13.
Action drives circuit 11 is to conclude the circuit that load power source makes trip gear 13 cut off the electricity supply and power when electric arc and electric leakage occurring at above-mentioned microprocessor U4.
In order to be widely used, action drives circuit 11 of the present invention has used the isolation drive parts.JP2 is a splicing ear; be used for connecting the control assembly in the trip gear 13; with control load; it is an Interface Terminal; a JP2 voltage surge protection component RY2 (piezo-resistance) in parallel; the end of JP2 connects the T2 of bidirectional triode thyristor CR1 (present embodiment adopts TRIAC); the other end is connected to the T1 of bidirectional triode thyristor CR1 and is connected to resistance R 17 through fuse F2; the other end of resistance R 17 is connected to resistance R 18; the other end of resistance R 18 is connected to 6 pin of isolation drive parts U5 (present embodiment adopts K3020P); 4 pin of isolation drive parts U5 are connected to the G control end of bidirectional triode thyristor CR1; 1 pin of isolation drive parts U5 is connected to power supply VCC_MCU by resistance R 16, and 2 pin of isolation drive parts U5 are linked the control of microprocessor U4 and exported 5 pin SCR_IN.
When circuit breaks down, MCU U4 judges that the back that satisfies condition is in low level of 5 pin output, deliver to 2 pin of isolation drive parts U5, make 4 pin and the 6 pin conductings of isolation drive parts U5, the voltage difference of the T2 of bidirectional triode thyristor CRI and T1, deliver to the control end G of bidirectional triode thyristor CR1 by resistance R 17, R18 and process isolation drive parts U5 at T2.Make bidirectional triode thyristor CR1 conducting, reach the effect of suitable switch.Splicing ear JP2 can be connected between power supply and the controlled load.The conducting of bidirectional triode thyristor CR1 makes control load obtain voltage and moves.
The control assembly of the described switch S 1 of switch S 1, S2 and control that described trip gear 13 is connected by the load power source line, S2 action (not prompting) is formed, described control assembly is connected with Interface Terminal JP2 in the described action drives circuit 11, described trip gear 13 can be special-purpose trip gear, it also can be relay, perhaps can be overcurrent release device and common contactor, also can be external overcurrent trip gear and common contactor.
Circuit working principle of the present invention is as follows:
Power supply from terminal Jn through a fuse F1 after through the parallel circuits of a capacitor C Y1 and a surge absorption resistance RY1, be divided into two-way then, one tunnel two power line is connected with resistance R 12 by capacitor C 9 respectively, sends into 1 pin of rectifier bridge D2 then.Also have a power line to be connected to R13 by capacitor C 10, R13 is connected to 3 pin (R12 and R13 mainly prevent the wave damaged line of power supply) of rectifier bridge D2 here.4 pin of rectifier bridge D2 and the direct current ground of circuit are connected, it also is the negative terminal of power supply, 2 pin are connected to power vd D after having passed through a LED, be also connected to an end of capacitor C 11 and resistance R 14 simultaneously, their other end is linked 1 pin of voltage stabilizing prover pipe U2, and 2 pin ground connection, 3 pin of U2 connect the main power source part that VDD. has so just constituted a circuit power, and LED directly goes here and there in power supply simultaneously, removed connecing a display circuit 18 in addition from, thereby lowered the element number of circuit and the electric current spending of circuit.Two power lines of other one road power supply have been directly connected to 1 and 3 pin of rectifier bridge D1,4 of D1 is connected to the ground of circuit, and 2 between the pin simultaneously and a capacitor C 1, be used for absorbing EMI, arrive the collector electrode of high-voltage three-pole pipe V1 behind one tunnel process R1 of 2 pin, simultaneously collector electrode over the ground and capacitor C 2, a tunnel through the end that is connected in series to R11 and C3 of R8, R9, R10.R11 and C3 are connected to power supply ground simultaneously.The tie point of R10 and R11 is directly delivered to Chip Microcomputer A sampling input 26 pin, and the ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS that is used for gathering supply voltage is used for being used as the condition of a judgement.There are 3 pin of voltage stabilizing prover pipe U1 and the wherein end of C4 in another road through being connected to the base stage of V1 behind R2, the R3 when being connected the V1 base stage.The other end of C4 is connected to 1 pin of U1, and the pin of U1 is connected to the VDD of DC power supply simultaneously through R4, be connected to power supply ground through R5.2 pin of U1 are connected to the ground of power supply.The emitter of V1 also is connected to power vd D, so just constitute auxiliary power (standby) part of power supply, relied on main power source at ordinary times and partly work, had only when abnormity of power supply electric power is not enough the auxiliary power part just to work, thereby reduced the heating of power supply, increased power supply supply capacity and reliability.Simultaneously between power vd D and the ground also and a storage capacitor C5, divide two-way then, the one tunnel through being connected to the power supply positive input pin of single-chip microprocessor MCU after the resistance R 6, to the time be connected to the end of C6 and C7, their other end all is connected to ground.Another road is connected to the positive VCC_AMP of power supply of amplifier section through R7, simultaneously between VCC_AMP and the ground and a capacitor C 8.
The dividing point that resistance R 8 in the power circuit, R9, R10, R11 and capacitor C 3 constitute is delivered to AD conversion pin 26 pin of MCU U4, is used for judging the distortion of sine voltage.Thereby the order of severity of failure judgement, the judgement speed of regulating MCU then dynamically.
Difference mode signal extracts that JP_RF is a HF current transformer in the part, wherein any coil of going here and there this instrument transformer of the power line that will protect, is used for harmonic component in the collected current.One end of this mutual inductor coil is connected to 3 pin of detection rectifier bridge AD1 and arrives ground through a resistance AR2.The other end of coil is connected to 1 pin of detection rectifier bridge AD1, and 1 pin links ground by resistance AR1 simultaneously.4 pin of detection rectifier bridge AD1 are connected to power supply ground, and 2 pin are connected to positive input 3 pin of amplifier U3A, and simultaneously between 3 pin and the ground and diode AD2 and AR3, also and an electric capacity AC2, last 3 pin are connected to the test output of MCU by a resistance AR4.The pin of amplifier U3A is divided into several roads, the AR5 of leading up to gets back to negative input 2 pin of U3A, 2 pin are connected to ground by resistance AR6 simultaneously, another road is connected to AD conversion input 1 pin of MCU by resistance AR10, also have one the tunnel through being connected to resistance AR7 behind the diode AD3, resistance AR7 is connected to the end of resistance AR8, AR9 electric capacity AC 3, and the other end of AC3AR8 links ground.The other end of AR9 is also delivered to AD input 2 pin of single-chip microprocessor MCU.
Common-mode signal extracts that JP_FJ is the current transformer of a high magnetic flux of high frequency in the part, and the power line that protect was all gone here and there the coil of this instrument transformer, is used for the common mode radiation part of the harmonic component in the collected current.One end of this mutual inductor coil is connected to 3 pin of detection rectifier bridge BD1 and arrives ground through a resistance BR2.The other end of coil is connected to 1 pin of detection rectifier bridge BD1, and 1 pin links ground by resistance BR1 simultaneously.4 pin of detection rectifier bridge BD1 are connected to power supply ground, and 2 pin are connected to positive input 5 pin of amplifier U3B, and simultaneously between 5 pin and the ground and diode BD2 and BR3, also and an electric capacity BC2, last 3 pin are connected to the test output of MCU by a resistance BR4.7 pin of amplifier U3B are divided into several roads, the BR5 of leading up to gets back to negative input 6 pin of U3B, 2 pin are connected to the end of electric capacity BC3 resistance BR7 by resistance BR6 simultaneously, the other end of electric capacity BC3 resistance BR7 is all linked ground, another road is connected to AD conversion input 3 pin of MCU by resistance BR10, also have one the tunnel through being connected to resistance BR8 behind the diode BD3, resistance BR8 is connected to the end of resistance BR11, BR9 and electric capacity BC4, and the other end of BR9 and BC4 links ground.The other end of BR9 is also delivered to AD input 4 pin of single-chip microprocessor MCU.
Detection of electrical leakage partly is to have used same instrument transformer JP_FJ with arc-detection, any end of JP_FJ is connected to the 4 pin ground connection of the positive input 3 pin while U5A of amplifier U5A by resistance LR1,8 pin connect amplifier power supply, 1 pin of U5A connects two diode LD1 and one the tunnel passes through AD sampling input 25 pin that LR7 delivers to MCU then, another road is connected to 12 pin of comparator U3D, send back to anti-phase input 2 pin of U5A simultaneously by resistance LR2,2 pin of U5A are connected to ground by resistance LR 3 simultaneously.3 pin of U5A are connected to inverting input 6 pin of U5B by resistance LR4, and 6 pin are connected to positive input 12 pin of U3D by resistance LR6.The positive input of U5B is connected to ground by a resistance LR6, and 7 pin of U5B are connected to diode LD2, and diode is connected to 12 pin of U3D then.13 pin of U3D connect reference voltage, and 14 pin are connected to the other end of resistance LR8, LR8 and deliver on the Interrupt Process pin 11 of MCU.
Whether the work that magnetic test coil test circuit 14 can detect whole circuit elements is normal.Meet a resistance CR2 from power supply, be connected to capacitor C C1, CC1 is connected to ground then, the junction of CR2 and CC1 is connected two test auxiliary winding, and one around main coil JP_RF last (L_RF), the quality that is used for testing JP_RF, one around JP_FJ last (L_FJ), the quality that is used for testing JP_FJ.The other end of L_RF and L_FJ is connected respectively in the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and Q2, and the source electrode of Q1 and Q2 is all linked ground, and the grid of Q1 and Q2 connects together, one side pass through resistance CR1 to ground, link the pulse of MCU on one side and export 28 pin, be used for simulating the generation fault-signal.
Zero passage detection synchronous circuit 15, test button and reference potential provide in the circuit 17, JP3 is a software upgrading port, 1 pin is connected on the power supply VCC of MCU U4,2 pin are connected to data port 23 pin of MCU U4,3 pin are connected to reference potential 22 pin of MCU U4,4 pin are connected to 6 pin that reset of MCU U4,5 pin ground connection, MCU U4 power supply is connected to resetting pin 6 pin of MCU U4 by resistance R 29 simultaneously, whether 6 pin of MCU U4 come test circuit good by K switch 1 ground connection by K1 simultaneously.MCU U4 power supply VCC also is connected to an end of resistance R 20 and capacitor C 12 by resistance R 19, capacitor C 12 1 ends are linked ground, and the end of R20 is connected to 22 pin of MCU U4, simultaneously by resistance R 21 ground connection.Wherein 9 pin that are connected in series to comparator U3C of power line by resistance R 22, R23, this 9 pin is by resistance R 24 ground connection simultaneously, another root of power line is by 10 pin that are connected in series to resistance R 27 of resistance R 25, R26, simultaneously by resistance R 27 ground connection, 4 pin of U3 connect amplifier power supply, 11 pin ground connection, and 8 pin are delivered to 10 pin of single-chip microprocessor MCU U4 through resistance R 28, current zero-crossing signal is provided, is used for adapting to automatically 50 week or 60 weeks of electric power system.
In above-mentioned CPU U4 and the display circuit 18 12 of MCU U4; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18 pin are respectively by resistance DR1; DR2; DR3; DR4; DR5; DR6; DR7 is connected to 1 of display circuit 18; 2; 3; 4; 5; 8; 10 pin; display circuit 18 is LED digital circuits; present embodiment adopts D110321SR; 8 pin of display circuit 18 meet power vd D; internal fault code when this LED is used for showing the type of protection and test; this failure code can be set certainly by the user is required; represent leak current fault such as 1; 2 represent arc fault; on behalf of difference mode signal, 3 extract the mulual inductor malfunction of amplifier section 201, and on behalf of common-mode signal, 4 extract mulual inductor malfunction of amplifier section 202 or the like.
JP2 is as a switch in the output driving circuit; be used for ON-OFF control circuit; the end of JP2 is connected to the end of voltage wave swimming protection component RY2 (piezo-resistance); the T2 that also connects simultaneously bidirectional triode thyristor; the other end is connected to the other end of RY2 and links the end of fuse F2; the other end of F2 is linked the T1 of bidirectional triode thyristor and is connected to resistance R 17; the other end of R17 is connected to resistance R 18; the other end of R18 is connected to 6 pin of isolation drive parts U5, and 4 pin of U5 are connected to the G control end of controllable silicon CR1.1 pin of U5 is connected to power supply VCC_MCU by resistance R 16, and 2 pin are linked the control of MCU U4 and exported 5 pin.
When current supply circuit has fault, microprocessor U4 gives low level of 2 pin of isolation drive parts U5,4 pin of isolation drive parts U5 and 6 pin are with regard to conducting, voltage difference between controllable silicon CR1 load pin T1 and the T2 is applied on the G and T1 of controllable silicon CR1 from T2 by current-limiting resistance R17, R18, the rapid conducting of CR1,2 pin that are maintained to U5 recover high level.Controllable silicon CR1 has just served as a switch here, is used for controlling other devices, can directly go here and there between power supply and the load that will control.
When current supply circuit has fault, because use controllable silicon U5 makes the output of power supply and the load isolation of control, so protected load.
Guard method to arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention describes below.
Referring to Figure 15, Figure 15 is the flow chart of the guard method of arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention.
S1, in the device energized, the microprocessor MCU (hereinafter to be referred as MCU) among Fig. 1 carries out the program initialization setting then with regard to own power-on reset
S2 opens each inlet that need handle and interrupts, and system enters idle low-power consumption mode, waits for that treatment conditions have judged whether to interrupt producing, and prepares receive status at any time.
S3 has judged whether that incident (interruption) produces.
S4, when incident produces, electric leakage or test or arc signal have been judged whether, this signal wakes MCU up and enters the high-speed cruising state, open the timer (timer is an assembly of MCU single-chip microcomputer) of MCU inside simultaneously, MCU judges it is which kind of processing signals then, and calls the relevant treatment formula.
S5, when MCU handled electric leakage signal, the electric leakage signal that the AD converter among Fig. 1 is sent here electric leakage signal amplifying circuit 12 carried out the AD conversion, and judges whether amplitude and width meet the tripping operation requirement.
S6, if meeting tripping operation, electric leakage signal just requires tripping operation at once, MCU makes the controllable silicon action in the action drives circuit 11, trip gear 13 is threaded off, cut off the power supply as the electric equipment of load, display circuit 18LED shows failure code, such as setting certainly: 1 represents leak current fault, 2 represent arc fault, and 3 represent differential mode circuit mulual inductor malfunction, and 4 represent common-mode circuit mulual inductor malfunction or the like.
S7 does not just judge when requiring whether timer reaches time restriction value (example: 0.5 second) if electric leakage signal meets tripping operation, if not to the time, flow process enters among the above-mentioned S3, if to the time, MCU just gets back to flow process S2, etc. armed state, prepare receive status at any time.
S8, when handling test signal, MCU U4 oneself produces the signal of a simulation, give the input of difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6, whether judge the output state of difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 then, it is working properly to be used for decision circuitry hardware, if work is undesired, MCU is with regard to drive actions circuit 11, deenergization promptly enters flow process S6, otherwise just continues to judge, decontrol up to testing button, MCU such as just gets back at armed state.
S9, when handling arc signal, microprocessor carries out the AD conversion to the signal of difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6, two-way arc signal and processing, the line item of going forward side by side, the half period of each electric current of while, once store and cumulative calculation, judge whether the arc signal waveform satisfies trip condition, have only signal to meet trip condition (all satisfying certain Changing Pattern or time width) simultaneously when differential mode signal amplification circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6, could trip, improve the reliability that device uses greatly, in addition, respectively the signal of difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 is carried out integration by difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4 among Fig. 1 and common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7, extract, after the AD converter conversion, judge the waveform rule of electric arc by MCU, whether meet trip condition, in case, promptly enter flow process S6 because of above-mentioned reason device meets trip condition.
S10, if judge among the above-mentioned S9 and do not meet trip condition, just judge whether timer reaches time restriction value (example: 0.5 second), if not to the time, flow process enters among the above-mentioned S9, if to the time, microprocessor is just got back among the flow process S2, armed statees such as system enters are prepared receive status at any time.
In sum; the flow process of the guard method of arc, earth leakage protection device of the present invention is that microprocessor constantly judges whether to meet the condition of cutting off the electricity supply; just cut off the electricity supply at once as if eligible; if not having eligible just the continuation judges; tell microprocessor up to timer, binding hours arrives.When microprocessor arrival binding hours did not also satisfy condition, microprocessor made microprocessor come back to the pattern that low-power consumption is waited for regard to caller.
Judge in the above-mentioned steps whether the arc signal waveform satisfies trip condition and be meant: the signal that described microprocessor is sent difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 here carries out the AD conversion, simultaneously the integrating circuit in difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4 or common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7 to above-mentioned difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 or common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 in amplifying signal carry out integration by integrating circuit, and carry out AD and change, be used for judging the waveform rule of electric arc, perhaps whether the arc energy regularity of distribution meets trip condition, just note is made conditions at the arc when differential mode signal and common-mode signal all satisfy arc characteristic, when meeting trip condition, be the output action signal, make the action drives circuit operation.
Among the step S3 of above-mentioned Figure 15, the flow process whether MCU decision event (fault or title interrupt) takes place is referring to Figure 16.
S30, flow process among Figure 16 is that MCU has judged whether that fault-signal and calculating voltage signal store again, be used for automatic regulated variable, promptly, the dividing point that resistance R 8 in the power circuit, R9, R10, R11 and capacitor C 3 constitute is delivered to the AD conversion pin (26 pin) of MCU U4, is used for judging the distortion of sine voltage.Thereby the order of severity of failure judgement, the judgement speed of regulating MCU U4 then dynamically.This step specifically comprises following flow process:
S31, MCU judge whether difference mode signal (signal that comprises above-mentioned difference mode signal amplifying circuit 3 and difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit 4) satisfies the condition of electric arc.
S32 if satisfy the condition of electric arc, judges whether common-mode signal (signal that comprises above-mentioned common-mode signal amplifying circuit 6 and common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit 7) satisfies the condition of electric arc again.
S33, if in the common-mode signal condition that does not satisfy electric arc is arranged among difference mode signal and the S32 among the above-mentioned S31, then, MCU carries out the electric leakage signal data acquisition.
S34, if common-mode signal also satisfies the condition of electric arc among the above-mentioned S32, MCU judges the half period (be exactly sinusoidal wave positive half cycle or negative half period begin to the time of end) of sine-wave power current signal, if do not reach, flow process rejudges.
S35, if above-mentioned S34 reaches after MCU carries out the electric leakage signal data acquisition among a current half or the above-mentioned S33, the memory of MCU is stored these data respectively, and the grouping difference.
S36, MCU add up and respectively organize data, calculate various faults and whether satisfy protection (tripping operation) condition.
S37, if judge among the above-mentioned S36 that fault satisfies trip condition, MCU sends protection (tripping operation) signal, cuts off the power supply as the electric equipment of load, display circuit 18LED shows failure code.
S38 just judges whether reach the time restriction value by timer (example: 0.5 second sense cycle), if not to the time, flow process enters and rejudges if judge among the above-mentioned S36 when fault does not satisfy trip condition.
S39, if arrived the time restriction value, MCU just judges whether all be zero, if all be zero, flow process is got back to and rejudged if respectively organizing data.
S310, if the above-mentioned data of respectively organizing are not all to be zero, MCU resets the timing value of timer, under the situation of newly-installed sine-wave power current signal half period, repeats above-mentioned steps.
Flow process when circuit is in test among the step S8 of above-mentioned Figure 15 is referring to Figure 14.
S81 judges whether the Test Switchboard K1 in the Test Switchboard circuit 16 among Fig. 7 connects.
S82 if Test Switchboard K1 does not connect, comes back to S81 and judges.
S83, if Test Switchboard K1 on, start first test function, promptly the square wave that is produced by 28 pin of MCU U4 is delivered to Q1 in the magnetic test coil test circuit 14 and the grid of Q2, instrument transformer JP_FJ in JP_RF instrument transformer in difference mode signal extracts partly and electric arc and the electric leakage inspection signal detects the simulated failure signal, this simulated failure signal is sent microprocessor U4 back to through differential mode, common mode amplifying circuit, and microprocessor U4 judges according to gathering the signal of returning whether circuit is normal.
S84, whether the way circuit of judgment means is normal.
S85 if the way circuit of decision maker is normal, gets back to S81 after protection action of MCU simulation, continues to judge.
S86, if the way circuit of decision maker is undesired among the above-mentioned S84, start second test function, promptly, 27 pin (PWM1) by MCU U4 produce a square wave, deliver to common mode and difference mode signal extraction amplifier section 201 respectively by resistance AR4 and BR4, send back in the microprocessor again, the failure code discriminating fault types that shows by display circuit 18 then, represent leak current fault such as 1,2 represent arc fault, and on behalf of difference mode signal, 3 extract amplifier section 201 mulual inductor malfunctions, and on behalf of common-mode signal, 4 extract amplifier section 202 mulual inductor malfunctions or the like.
S87 judges whether circuit pack is normal.
S88, if when if circuit has fault, display circuit 18 shows failure codes.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment is used for illustrating the present invention, and be not to be used as limitation of the invention, as long as in connotation scope of the present invention, all will drop in the scope of claims of the present invention variation, the modification of the above embodiment.
Claims (9)
1. arc, earth leakage protection device; it is characterized in that: it is made up of power circuit (1), fault detect assembly (20), the control circuit (8) that is connected with fault detect assembly (20), the action drives circuit (11) that is connected with control circuit (8) and the trip gear (13) that links to each other with the output and the load power source line of action drives circuit (11) respectively, wherein:
Described power circuit (1) is the power supply part of described arc, earth leakage protection device, by being divided into two-way output after first electric capacity (CY1) and surge absorption resistance (RY1) parallel connection, comprising:
The main power source part: one tunnel output of the parallel circuits that above-mentioned first electric capacity (CY1) and surge absorption resistance (RY1) are formed is connected to first resistance (R12) by second electric capacity (C9) earlier, another road output is connected to second resistance (R13) by the 3rd electric capacity (C10) earlier, and then be connected respectively to 2 input pins of first rectifier bridge (D2), wherein first resistance (R12) and second resistance (R13) are used for preventing the surge damaged line of power supply, the output of first rectifier bridge (D2) is connected to the first power vd D after connecting a LED display circuit (18), the first power vd D is connected with an end of the 3rd resistance (R14), the 3rd resistance (R14) is in parallel with the 4th electric capacity (C11), the other end of the 3rd resistance (R14) is connected to 1 pin that model is the first voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip (U2) of TL431,2 pin ground connection of the first voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip (U2), 3 pin meet the first power vd D; And
The auxiliary power part: above-mentioned first electric capacity (CY1) is connected with 2 input pins of second rectifier bridge (D1) respectively with the two ends of the parallel circuits that surge absorption resistance (RY1) is formed, one the 5th electric capacity in parallel (C1) between the output of second rectifier bridge (D1) and the ground, be used for absorbing EMI, the output of second rectifier bridge (D1) is divided into three the tunnel, and the 1 the tunnel is connected to the collector electrode of high-voltage three-pole pipe (V1) through the 4th resistance (R1); Be connected to an end of the parallel circuits of the 8th resistance (R11) and the 6th electric capacity (C3) composition behind the 2 tunnel process the 5th resistance (R8), the 6th resistance (R9) and the 7th resistance (R10) that are connected in series, the other end ground connection of this parallel circuits, wherein the AD of the microprocessor in the tie point of the 7th resistance (R10) and the 8th resistance (R11) and the above-mentioned control circuit (8) sampling input pin (VM) is connected, and is used for gathering the ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of supply voltage; Be connected to the base stage of above-mentioned high-voltage three-pole pipe (V1) behind the 9th resistance (R2) that the 3 tunnel process is connected in series and the tenth resistance (R3), the model in addition that is connected high-voltage three-pole pipe (V1) base stage is 3 pin of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip (U1) of TL431,3 pin of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip (U1) also are connected with an end of the 7th electric capacity (C4), the other end of the 7th electric capacity (C4) is connected to 1 pin of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip (U1), 1 pin of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip (U1) also is connected to the first power vd D through the 11 resistance (R4), 1 pin of the described second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip (U1) is also through the 12 resistance (R5) ground connection, 2 pin ground connection of the second voltage stabilizing prover pipe chip (U1), the emitter of above-mentioned high-voltage three-pole pipe (V1) also is connected to the first power vd D;
Described fault detect assembly (20) comprising: arc-detection parts (9), the difference mode signal extraction amplifier section (201), electric arc and the detection of electrical leakage parts (10) that are connected with arc-detection parts (9), the common-mode signal extraction amplifier section (202) that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts (10) and the electric leakage signal amplifying circuit (12) that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts (10) are formed, wherein:
Difference mode signal extracts amplifier section (201) and comprising: the difference mode signal detecting circuit (2) that is connected with arc-detection parts (9), the difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3) that is connected with difference mode signal detecting circuit (2) and the difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit (4) that is connected with difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3);
Common-mode signal is extracted amplifier section (202) and being comprised: the common-mode signal detecting circuit (5) that is connected with electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts (10), the common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6) that is connected with common mode signal demodulator circuit (5) and the common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit (7) that is connected with common mode signal amplification circuit (6);
The electric structure that described arc-detection parts (9) and difference mode signal extract amplifier section (201) comprises: arc-detection parts (9) are HF current transformer, detect the electric arc difference mode signal, wherein any coil that passes this HF current transformer of the load power source line of protecting, one end of described coil is connected to an input pin of the first detection rectifier bridge (AD1) of described difference mode signal detecting circuit (2), an end of described coil is through the 13 resistance (AR2) ground connection simultaneously, the other end of described coil is connected to another input pin of the first detection rectifier bridge (AD1) by the 8th electric capacity (AC1), another input pin of the described first detection rectifier bridge (AD1) is through the 14 resistance (AR1) ground connection simultaneously, and the output pin of the first detection rectifier bridge (AD1) is connected to " just " input pin of first amplifier (U 3A) of described difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3); Connect a circuit that is composed in parallel by first diode (AD2), the 15 resistance (AR3) and the 9th electric capacity (AC2) three between described first amplifier (U3A) " just " input pin and the ground, " just " input pin of first amplifier (U3A) also is connected to the test output terminal (PWM1) of the microprocessor (U4) in the above-mentioned control circuit (8) by the 16 resistance (AR4); The output pin of first amplifier (U3A) is divided into three the tunnel, the 17 resistance (AR5) of wherein leading up to is got back to " bearing " input pin of first amplifier (U3A), " bearing " input pin of first amplifier (U3A) is by the 18 resistance (AR6) ground connection simultaneously, in addition two the tunnel are connected with described difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit (4), in described difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit (4), described in addition the 19 resistance (AR10) of leading up in two tunnel is delivered to arc signal the one AD conversion input (RF_H) of the microprocessor (U4) in the above-mentioned control circuit (8), one AD input (RF_L) of the microprocessor (U4) in the above-mentioned control circuit (8) is delivered to arc signal by integrating circuit on described in addition another road in two tunnel, this integrating circuit is by second diode (AD3), the 20 resistance (AR7), the 21 resistance (AR8) and the tenth electric capacity (AC3) are formed, wherein said another road connects the anode of second diode, the negative electrode of second diode (AD3) is connected to an end of the 20 resistance (AR7), the other end of the 20 resistance (AR7) is connected to ground connection behind the parallel circuits of being made up of the 21 resistance (AR8) and the tenth electric capacity (AC3), and the other end of the 20 resistance (AR7) is also exported above-mentioned arc signal by the 22 resistance (AR9) and delivered to described AD input (RF_L) simultaneously;
The electric structure that described electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts (10) and common-mode signal are extracted amplifier section (202) comprises: electric arc and detection of electrical leakage parts (10) are the current transformers of a high magnetic flux of high frequency, be used to detect electric arc common-mode signal and electric leakage signal, the current transformer of the high magnetic flux of described high frequency uses amorphous soft magnetic material or ultracrystallite soft magnetic material to make, whole coils that pass the current transformer of the high magnetic flux of this high frequency of the load power source line of protecting, one end of described coil is connected to as the input pin of the second detection rectifier bridge (BD1) of common-mode signal detecting circuit (5) and through the 23 resistance (BR2) ground connection, the other end of described coil is connected to another input pin of the second detection rectifier bridge (BD1) by the 11 electric capacity (BC1), another input pin of the described second detection rectifier bridge (BD1) is by the 24 resistance (BR1) ground connection, an output head grounding of the second detection rectifier bridge (BD1), another output are connected to " just " input pin as second amplifier (U3B) of common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6); Connect one between " just " input pin of second amplifier (U3B) and the ground by the 3rd diode (BD2), the 25 resistance (BR3) and the 12 electric capacity (BC2) the three parallel circuits of forming parallel with one another, " just " input pin of described second amplifier (U3B) also is connected to the described test output terminal (PWM1) of the microprocessor in the above-mentioned control circuit (8) by the 26 resistance (BR4); The output pin of second amplifier (U3B) is divided into three the tunnel, the 27 resistance (BR5) of wherein leading up to is got back to " bearing " input pin of second amplifier (U3B), simultaneously " bear " input pin of second amplifier (U 3B) is connected to ground connection behind the parallel circuits of being made up of the 13 electric capacity (BC3) and the 29 resistance (BR7) by the 28 resistance (BR6), in addition two the tunnel are connected with described common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit (7), in described common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit (7), described in addition the 30 resistance (BR10) of leading up in two tunnel is delivered to arc signal another AD conversion input (FJ_H) of the microprocessor (U4) in the above-mentioned control circuit (8), another AD input (FJ_L) of the microprocessor (U4) in the above-mentioned control circuit (8) is delivered to arc signal by integrating circuit on described in addition another road in two tunnel, this integrating circuit is by the 4th diode (BD3), the 31 resistance (BR8), the 32 resistance (BR9) and the 14 electric capacity (BC4) are formed, wherein said another road connects the anode of the 4th diode, the negative electrode of the 4th diode (BD3) is connected to an end of the 31 resistance (BR8), the other end of the 31 resistance (BR8) is connected to ground connection behind the parallel circuits of being made up of the 32 resistance (BR9) and the 14 electric capacity (BC4), and the other end of the 31 resistance (BR8) is also exported above-mentioned arc signal by the 33 resistance (BR11) and delivered to described another AD input (FJ_L) simultaneously;
The electric structure of described electric leakage signal amplifying circuit (12) comprising: any end of the coil of the current transformer of the high magnetic flux of above-mentioned high frequency is connected to " just " input pin of the 3rd amplifier (U5A) by the 34 resistance (LR1), the output pin of the 3rd amplifier (U5A) connects the 5th diode (LD1), the 35 resistance (LR7) of leading up to is then delivered to electric leakage signal the one AD sampling input pin (LCD) of the microprocessor (U4) in the above-mentioned control circuit (8), another road is connected to " just " input pin of first comparator (U3D), Third Road sends back to " bearing " input pin of the 3rd amplifier (U5A) by the 36 resistance (LR2), " bearing " input pin of the 3rd amplifier (U5A) is by the 37 resistance (LR3) ground connection simultaneously, " just " input pin of the 3rd amplifier (U5A) is connected to " bearing " input pin of the 4th amplifier (U5B) by the 38 resistance (LR4), " bearing " input pin of the 4th amplifier (U5B) is connected to " just " input pin of first comparator (U3D) by the 39 resistance (LR5), " just " input pin of the 4th amplifier (U5B) is by the 40 resistance (LR6) ground connection, the output pin of the 4th amplifier (U5B) is connected to " just " input pin of first comparator (U3D) after by the 6th diode (LD2), " bearing " input pin of first comparator (U3D) connects the reference voltage pin (SAL) of the microprocessor (U4) in the above-mentioned control circuit (8), and the output pin of first comparator (U3D) is by the 41 resistance (LR8)
Signal is delivered to the Interrupt Process pin (LCD_INT) of the microprocessor (U4) in the above-mentioned control circuit (8);
The electric structure of described control circuit (8) comprising: the AD converter of the output signal of described fault detect assembly (20) being carried out the AD conversion; The output of electric leakage signal amplifying circuit (12) is carried out the interrupt handler of Interrupt Process; Above-mentioned signal through AD converter output is handled and is sent the described microprocessor (U4) and the input/output interface of action control signal;
The electric structure of described action drives circuit (11) comprising: an Interface Terminal (JP2), be used for connecting the control assembly in the trip gear (13), Interface Terminal (JP2) piezo-resistance in parallel (RY2), one end of Interface Terminal (JP2) connects a load pin (T1) of bidirectional triode thyristor (CR1), the other end is connected to another load pin (T2) of bidirectional triode thyristor (CR1) through fuse (F2), the described other end is connected to an end of the 42 resistance (R17) simultaneously, the other end of the 42 resistance (R17) is connected to an end of the 43 resistance (R18), the other end of the 43 resistance (R18) is connected to an input pin of isolation drive parts (U5), another input pin of isolation drive parts (U5) is connected to the control end of bidirectional triode thyristor (CR1), an output pin of isolation drive parts (U5) is connected to the DC power supply (VCC_MCU) of described microprocessor by the 44 resistance (R16), and another output pin of isolation drive parts (U5) is linked the control output pin (SCR_IN) of above-mentioned microprocessor (U4);
Described trip gear (13) is made up of the control assembly of switch that is connected with the load power source line (S1, S2) and the described switch of control (S1, S2) action, and described control assembly is connected with the Interface Terminal (JP2) of described action drives circuit (11).
2. arc, earth leakage protection device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described control circuit (8) is connected with a Test Switchboard circuit (16); described Test Switchboard circuit (16) is by the 16 resistance (AR4) in the described difference mode signal extraction amplifier section (201); described common-mode signal is extracted the 26 resistance (BR4) in the amplifier section (202); the 45 resistance (R29) and Test Switchboard (K1) are formed; wherein the 45 resistance (R29) end connects the DC power supply (VCC_MCU) of described microprocessor; the 45 resistance (R29) other end connects an end of Test Switchboard (K1); the other end ground connection of Test Switchboard (K1); the 45 resistance (R29) is connected with the resetting pin (REST) of described microprocessor (U4) with the tie point of Test Switchboard (K1), and Test Switchboard circuit (16) detects described arc, earth leakage protection device oneself to judge whether operate as normal of signalling channel.
3. arc, earth leakage protection device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described control circuit (8) also is connected with a magnetic test coil test circuit (14), the first power vd D is connected to an end of the 15 electric capacity (CC1) by the 46 resistance (CR2), the other end ground connection of the 15 electric capacity (CC1), the tie point of the 46 resistance (CR2) and the 15 electric capacity (CC1) is connected an end of the first test auxiliary winding (L_FJ) and an end of the second test auxiliary winding (L_RF), wherein the second test auxiliary winding (L_RF) is on the coil of above-mentioned HF current transformer, be used for testing the quality of described HF current transformer, the first test auxiliary winding (L_FJ) is on the coil of the current transformer of the high magnetic flux of above-mentioned high frequency, be used for testing the quality of the current transformer of the high magnetic flux of described high frequency, the other end of the other end of the first test auxiliary winding (L_FJ) and the second test auxiliary winding (L_RF) is connected respectively in the drain electrode of the drain electrode of first metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1) and second metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q2), the source electrode of the source electrode of first metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1) and second metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q2) is ground connection all, the grid of the grid of first metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1) and second metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q2) connects together, lead up to the 47 resistance (CR1) ground connection then, the pulse output pin (PWM2) of the microprocessor (U4) in another road and the above-mentioned control circuit (8) is connected, be used for simulating the generation fault-signal, whether normal with detection line operation and above-mentioned current transformer.
4. arc, earth leakage protection device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described control circuit (8) is connected with a zero passage detection synchronous circuit (15), provide circuit with button and the reference potential of testing in the described control circuit (8), wherein the load power source line wherein one by being connected to " bearing " input pin that model is second comparator (U3C) of LM324 behind the 52 resistance (R22) that is connected in series and the 53 resistance (R23), " bearing " input pin of second comparator (U3C) is by the 54 resistance (R24) ground connection simultaneously, another root of load power source line is connected to " just " input pin of second comparator (U3C) after by the 55 resistance (R25) that is connected in series and the 56 resistance (R26), " just " input pin of second comparator (U3C) is by the 57 resistance (R27) ground connection simultaneously, 4 pin of second comparator (U3C) connect the 3rd power supply (VCC_AMP) of above-mentioned electric leakage signal amplifying circuit (12), 11 pin ground connection of second comparator (U3C), the output pin of second comparator (U3C) is delivered to the synchronous pin of sinusoidal wave zero passage (Hout) of above-mentioned microprocessor (U4) through the 58 resistance (R28), current zero-crossing signal is provided, is used for adapting to automatically load power source.
5. arc, earth leakage protection device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described control circuit (8) is connected with a described LED display circuit (18) that shows fault type, and described LED display circuit (18) is the LED charactron, and the pin of LED charactron is connected with described microprocessor (U4) respectively.
6. guard method that is used for the described arc, earth leakage protection device of claim 3 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 in described arc, earth leakage protection device energized, is carried out the program initialization setting;
Step 2 is opened each inlet that need handle and is interrupted, and described microprocessor (U4) enters idle low-power consumption mode and waits for treatment conditions, has judged whether to interrupt producing;
Step 3, when interrupting producing, electric leakage or test or arc signal have been judged whether, this signal wakes described microprocessor (U4) up and enters the high-speed cruising state, open the timer of described microprocessor internal simultaneously, it is that described then microprocessor (U4) is judged for which kind of signal, and calls the relevant treatment program:
When handling electric leakage signal, microprocessor (U4) carries out the AD conversion to the signal of sending here from electric leakage signal amplifying circuit (12), and judge whether electric leakage signal meets the tripping operation requirement, if electric leakage signal meets the tripping operation requirement, microprocessor (U4) makes the bidirectional triode thyristor action in the action drives circuit (11), trip gear (13) is threaded off, cut-out is as the power supply of the electric equipment of load, if electric leakage signal is undesirable, just judge whether timer reaches the time restriction value, if arrived the time restriction value, microprocessor (U4) is just got back to idle low-power consumption mode;
When handling test signal, microprocessor (U4) oneself produces the signal of a simulation, give the input of difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3) and common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6), judge the output state of difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3) and common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6) then, whether be used for decision circuitry hardware working properly, if work is undesired, microprocessor (U4) makes the bidirectional triode thyristor action in the action drives circuit (11), trip gear (13) is threaded off, cut off power supply as the electric equipment of load;
When handling arc signal, the signal that microprocessor (U4) is sent difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3) and common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6) here carries out the AD conversion, the two-way arc signal and processing after the AD conversion, the line item of going forward side by side, the half period of each electric current once stores and cumulative calculation simultaneously, judge whether the arc signal waveform satisfies trip condition, if meet trip condition, described microprocessor makes the bidirectional triode thyristor action in the action drives circuit (11), trip gear (13) is threaded off, cut-out is as the power supply of the electric equipment of load, if do not meet trip condition, just judge whether timer reaches the time restriction value, if arrived the time restriction value, microprocessor is just got back to idle low-power consumption mode.
7. the guard method of arc, earth leakage protection device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that:
Describedly judge whether the arc signal waveform satisfies trip condition and be meant: the signal that described microprocessor is sent difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3) and common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6) here carries out the AD conversion, simultaneously in the integrating circuit in difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit (4) or common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit (7) to above-mentioned difference mode signal amplifying circuit or common-mode signal amplifying circuit in amplifying signal carry out integration, and carry out AD and change, be used for judging the waveform rule of electric arc, perhaps whether the arc energy regularity of distribution meets trip condition, could trip when the signal of above-mentioned difference mode signal amplifying circuit and common-mode signal amplifying circuit output all meets trip condition.
8. the guard method of arc, earth leakage protection device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that:
In the above-mentioned steps 3, microprocessor (U4) judges that the step of interrupting whether producing comprises:
The 11st step, microprocessor (U4) utilizes the sine wave signal of power circuit (1) output, and the calculating voltage signal is stored again, is used for judging the distortion of sine-wave power electric current, thereby the order of severity of failure judgement, the judgement speed of regulating microprocessor (U4) then dynamically;
The 12nd step, microprocessor (U4) judges whether the difference mode signal of difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3) and difference mode signal Energy extraction circuit (4) output satisfies the condition of electric arc, if satisfy the condition of electric arc, judge again whether the common-mode signal of common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6) and common-mode signal Energy extraction circuit (7) output satisfies the condition of electric arc;
The 13rd step, if a condition that does not satisfy electric arc is arranged in above-mentioned difference mode signal and the common-mode signal, then, microprocessor (U4) carries out the electric leakage signal data acquisition;
The 14th step, if above-mentioned difference mode signal and common-mode signal all satisfy the condition of electric arc, microprocessor (U4) judges whether the sine-wave power current signal reaches the half period of electric current, if above-mentioned sine-wave power current signal has reached half period, or after microprocessor (U4) carries out the electric leakage signal data acquisition in above-mentioned the 13rd step, the memory of microprocessor (U4) is stored these data respectively, and the grouping difference;
The 15th step, microprocessor (U4) adds up and respectively organizes data, calculates various faults and whether satisfies trip condition, if fault satisfies trip condition, microprocessor (U4) sends trip signal, cuts off the power supply as the electric equipment of load, and described LED display circuit shows failure code;
The 16th step, if just judge when above-mentioned fault does not satisfy trip condition whether timer reaches the time restriction value, if arrived the time restriction value, microprocessor (U4) just judges whether respectively organize data all is zero, if the above-mentioned data of respectively organizing are not all to be zero, microprocessor (U4) is reset the timing value of timer, under the situation of newly-installed sine-wave power current signal half period, repeats above-mentioned the 11st step to the 15 steps.
9. the guard method of arc, earth leakage protection device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that:
When handling test signal, may further comprise the steps in the above-mentioned steps 3:
The 21st step judges whether the Test Switchboard in the Test Switchboard circuit (16) is connected;
The 22nd step, if above-mentioned Test Switchboard on, start first test function, promptly deliver in the magnetic test coil test circuit (14) by the square wave of the generation of microprocessor (U4), the current transformer of described HF current transformer and the high magnetic flux of described high frequency detects the simulated failure signal, this simulated failure signal is sent described microprocessor (U4) back to through difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3) and common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6), and described microprocessor (U4) judges according to gathering the signal of returning whether circuit is normal;
The 23rd step, if judge that described circuit is undesired, start second test function, i.e. another square wave that produces by microprocessor (U4), deliver to the described difference mode signal extraction amplifier section (201) that the common-mode signal that includes described common-mode signal amplifying circuit (6) is extracted amplifier section (202) and included described difference mode signal amplifying circuit (3) respectively, send back to again in the described microprocessor (U4), then the failure code discriminating fault types that shows by described LED display circuit.
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| CN101399436B (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2011-02-16 | 蒋闯 | Leakage arc protector for single sensor |
| US8022710B2 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2011-09-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Methods for common mode voltage-based AC fault detection, verification and/or identification |
| CN101604464B (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-08-24 | 衡阳市天立电器设备制造有限公司 | Ultracrystalline high-voltage prepayment metering system |
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| CN1601842A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2005-03-30 | 宁波习羽电子发展有限公司 | Arc and leakage protector |
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| CN1960102A (en) | 2007-05-09 |
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