CN1957579A - HTTP acceleration over a network link - Google Patents
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- CN1957579A CN1957579A CNA2005800163436A CN200580016343A CN1957579A CN 1957579 A CN1957579 A CN 1957579A CN A2005800163436 A CNA2005800163436 A CN A2005800163436A CN 200580016343 A CN200580016343 A CN 200580016343A CN 1957579 A CN1957579 A CN 1957579A
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for downloading a hyper text transfer protocol (HTTP) web page over a wireless link that couples a modem to a gateway. A transmission control protocol (TCP) link is opened between the gateway and the modem. A HTTP uniform resource identifier (URI) is received at the modem from a web browser, where the HTTP URI corresponds to the HTTP web page of an origin server. The TCP link is configured well before the web browser provides the URI. The HTTP URI is sent to the gateway. An Internet protocol (IP) address is determined for a domain name indicated in the HTTP URI by the gateway. The HTTP web page is retrieved by the gateway using the Internet, without the modem requesting it. The HTTP web page is transmitted to the satellite modem. Objects referenced in the HTTP web page are accessed similarly to the HTTP web page, but objects can also be accessed in parallel. In some cases, bandwidth is scaled for the TCP link according to loading of the modem.
Description
The application requires the rights and interests of the non-interim U. S. application sequence number 60/555,605 of submission on March 22nd, 2004, by reference it is all incorporated into herein.
The application relate to submit on the same day with the application, exercise question is the U.S. Patent application (referring to application attorney docket 040366) of " SATELLITEANTICIPATORY BANDWIDTH ACCELERATION ", by reference it is all incorporated into herein.
Technical field
The disclosure relates generally to optimized broadband, and more clearly, but not as restriction, the HTTP that relates on the data link of high stand-by period optimizes.
Background technology
The propagation delay that broadband geosynchronous satellite adds to any transmission is approximately 250ms.This obviously has this implication, promptly any communication, and before the recipient can make a response to any communication and respond, the given communication of this on the transmit leg had been delayed 1/4th seconds.ICP/IP protocol requires to carry out two-way interactive between transmit leg and recipient.This has produced the two-way time (RTT) of about 500ms, and the recipient can confirm the communication of (perhaps may respond) transmit leg in this time.
We can say, use all obstacles of broadband geosynchronous satellite experience to be traced back to the relative of it than long this basic reason of propagation delay.Require more and more littler user interaction elements have between transmit leg and the recipient synchronously, the agreement of type has been amplified the time delay effect like this, such as the WWW browse request.
By being called as the component software of browser, Intemet Explorer for example
TMOr Netscape Navigato
TMService, the user produces the WWW affairs.Browser will be called as the webserver (web server) application program (for example, Apache on the source server (origin server) with operating in
TM) another component software carry out alternately.This is carrying out on the internet alternately, for the various elements of whole affairs, uses UDP and Transmission Control Protocol.Affairs can be broken down into five kinds of dissimilar subtransactions.They are that one or more DNS affairs, connections set up affairs (that is, SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK), HTTP affairs, TCP transmission transaction and connected dismounting (tear down) affairs (that is, FIN, FIN-ACK, ACK).
Term transaction used herein has such implication, and promptly affairs are independently mutual, and it both sealed (that is, having beginning and done state) and has consistency (that is, concerning context, beginning and done state are effective states) again.Affairs for closing on communication link need at least one transmit leg-recipient's exchange.For broadband geosynchronous satellite, this means the transaction time of minimum about 500ms, during this period of time, affairs are held open state.
A serial nature that importance is exactly several subtransactions wherein of world wide web (www) affairs.Affairs can begin after previous affairs finish, and this makes whole affairs lose intrinsic concurrency.This is not any subtransaction and other all subtransaction serials, in fact, under the certain situation of HTTP affairs and under most situation of TCP transmission transaction, a lot of parallel machine meetings is arranged.
The WWW affairs start from asking to fetch the URL(uniform resource locator) (URL) that comprises host name.Use dns lookup service, this host name is converted to the IP address.Many embedded objects in considering homepage have comprised the quoting of the URL with different host name, and this does not just have the WWW affairs of what other part partly to seem heavy when needing their dns lookup yet.In addition, DNS retransmits the packet loss that original query is handled application layer as simple stateless inquiry/response protocol after using fixed-timeouts.If lost initial DNS inquiry (or replying), a time delay load is forced in the overtime meeting that then was set to usually a second.
Http protocol uses TCP as basic host-host protocol.TCP itself is a Connection-oriented Protocol, and this requires to connect when beginning TCP connects.This establishment of connection is the three-way handshake that needs at least one RTT to finish.If lost packets in this three-way handshake process, then before can sending re-transmission, the timer to measure second of acquiescence must arrive the time.Equally, also as the situation in dns lookup, packet loss can cause a significant time delay load.
Typical WWW affairs will produce many to being embedded in the HTTP GET request of the object in the homepage.The target of these requests often is different server, and the one or more servers for a large amount of request services is wherein arranged usually.HTTP 1.0 standards, RFC 1945, and HTTP 1.1 standards, RFC 2616 recommend each server to handle maximum 4 at most simultaneously respectively and are connected with 2 TCP.
For connecting the requests of the server of being served to one by only these 2 or 4, browser can be ranked to it.Each request was finished before sending next request.Therefore, minimal time delay load (yes with RTT as unit) is the result of the number of object to be obtained divided by the number gained of simultaneous connection.Reach a conclusion thus, for a large amount of embedded objects, this time delay load will be very remarkable.Be Amazon as what an example provided
TMNearly 40 embedded objects of webpage are positioned on the server, will obtain all embedded objects more than the individual RTT in 10 (or 20).
Mutual benefit derives from the TCP traffic congestion of avoiding on the internet.Because this reason, TCP session are used the process that is called " starting slowly " to begin transmission or continue transmission after one section idling cycles.In addition, congestion window, just the maximum number of uncompleted unacknowledged segments is decreased to maximum throughput by the result of window size divided by the RTT gained.Under the situation of broadband geosynchronous satellite, throughput is limited at the twice of this window size usually.
Slowly start the permission load and begin stable increasing with the unit of being segmented into from initial load, RFC2581 requires can not the segmentation above two.Certainly for the link of high RTT, because each ACK circulation only allows this load to increase a segmentation, starting slowly to become very heavy time delay load.Reaching the time of utilizing this link fully will be quite remarkable, and wherein RTT and bandwidth are very big.By the time time of the webpage (that is 10 to 100 kilobytes) of large-size during the TCP of transmission can increase slow the startup stage obtains.In fact, for such transmission, arranging throughput startup stage that this being slow.
Be noted that low bandwidth link (less than 128kbps) introduces measurable propagation delay time.For the big object that transmits on such link, Yanzhong during total affairs is because this part that propagation delay time causes becomes more remarkable.Use the Amazon in the previous examples
TMWebpage, the total size of all GET requests is on the grade of 30 kilobytes.For example, use the return link transmission rate that is approximately 30kbps, will increase by 8 seconds time to total affairs time delay.
Therefore as previously mentioned, TCP is a Connection-oriented Protocol, and when needs, connect, and when no longer needing, remove connection.In HTTP 1.0 and 1.1 standards, the connection that server can requesting clients be closed them.When this situation takes place, as often HTTP 1.0 being done, must should connect in proceed through session teardown.Be similar to session and initiate, session teardown also is the three-way handshake that needs at least one RTT to finish.
Importantly, if linking number when having surpassed the standard defined, then browser can not be set up new being connected with given server under the situation of session teardown.Equally, when having only the same server that is being removed to session to send a plurality of connection request, just can experience the time delay load.
The agency, the representative that is defined as serving as another entity.They are considered to a class ageng in software industry.With respect to the entity that they are acted on behalf of, they can be placed in or near or distant place.They also can be distributed on entity that they serve and they and represent those entities by their services to carry out several places between the mutual entity.The agency can be divided into to the transparent agency of their client computer (that is implicit proxy) or to the opaque agency of their client computer (that is explicit proxy).In addition, they can be divided into API agency or agency by agreement substantially, and this is to distinguish by the agreement that on behalf of its client computer, they realize, and no matter be on application layer, presentation layer, session layer or transport layer.
API agency or agency by agreement use the technology that is called high-speed cache to support the client computer that they are served, and this is unrare.Such agency always has to handle the influence of cache coherence and repeatability.In some cases, the agency can pay the utmost attention to and avoid propagation delay time to exceed needs, as in broadband satellite link, so that avoid increasing synchronized transactional elements.The best example of this method is to be applied to increase in the synchronized transactional elements.An example of this method is to be applied in the HTTP Proxy, and it uses the Internet communication protocol (ICP) to keep the consistency of high-speed cache.
ICP, can substantially reduce the data volume of actual transmissions in the HTTP connection, in fact (UEL) produced destructive impact the user on the broadband satellite link to be experienced the stand-by period, and this is because it has added synchronized transactional elements in order to realize being reduced in the data that connect upward transmission.
DNS agency (as in local dns server) positions the subclass of the close client who asks in all dns servers.This makes from user's angle, has shortened the dns lookup affairs.It is the answer that request obtained in the future in advance that the DNS agency uses the technology of keeping high-speed cache to preserve.
TCP agency or SOCKS agency provide a kind of explicit means, and this TCP agency is entrusted in the connection of all client computer.This makes it possible to the contact service into the client computer (a plurality of client computer) of reality in mutual.This considers that the agency will be with the unified method parameter that connects, and does not rely on the client computer that this connection is served.
HTTP Proxy provides a kind of explicit means, and the HTTP of All Clients (thereby also being TCP) affairs are entrusted to this HTTP Proxy.This makes it possible to shorten total affairs and hides the parameter and the quality of basic connection that the affairs element of service is provided (comprising dns lookup) for the WWW affairs.
Summary of the invention
The disclosure relate to by reduce to obtain the HTTP webpage required quicken the broadband wireless link alternately.In one embodiment, Radio Link comprises geosynchronous satellite, and it introduces time delay or the stand-by period of about 250ms.By the HTTP processor being installed in user's satellite modem and in satellite gateway or base station, being installed HTTP grabber (fetcher), the stand-by period of having reduced satellite link.After telling the request that specific URI is a kind of HTTP type, radio modem can be from this initial HTTP webpage of radio network gateway request in once communicating by letter.Can ask the embedded object of this HTTP webpage concurrently, making only needs a RTT for all embedded objects.This has reduced the needed a plurality of round-trip delays of legacy system.
In one embodiment, before receiving the HTTP web-page requests, configure TCP link or other link.In case the HTTP processor receives the HTTP web-page requests, just it is forwarded to radio network gateway by Radio Link.HTTP grabber in the radio network gateway is carried out dns lookup to seek the IP address of indicated domain name in this HTTP web-page requests.In case known the IP address, radio network gateway just request covers the Initial page of the link of embedded object, and does not need the further action of radio modem.Use the TCP link that has disposed, this Initial page is forwarded to radio modem.Can be with the embedded object of this webpage of parallel mode request so that in an about RTT, receive them.
Also have various others of the present disclosure.For example, radio modem and/or radio network gateway can comprise DNS height buffer memory and/or HTTP high-speed cache.As the another one example, can on Radio Link, compress the HTTP web-page requests.Some embodiment can use satellite and/or cellular basestation in Radio Link.
The layout of wireless broadband system indicates asymmetric data link, for example, and the up link Return Channel of the downlink forward channel of 3Mbps and 5-40Kbps.Can adjust relatively limited uplink bandwidth as required.Always the available minimum Return Channel of each satellite modem (that is, several kilobits of per second or more) and no matter whether it is used, this allows the request of low latency by being avoided bandwidth request affairs on satellite link.In case to transmitting data, it can ask to distribute more bandwidth to specific modulator-demodulator at that Return Channel.If bandwidth allows, satellite gateway can authorize this satellite modem to increase the bandwidth of this up link in proportion according to current needs.
Aspect one of the present disclosure, Return Channel can utilize compression to overcome the propagation delay time (as mentioned above) that the low bandwidth Return Channel causes.Can make compression be suitable for the type of the information that on this Return Channel, sends.For example, the HTTP request can use text specific algorithm to increase the data carry ability of relatively limited uplink bandwidth effectively.
Description of drawings
By the following detailed description of carrying out in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is more obvious that the feature of the disclosed embodiments, purpose and advantage will become, and in the accompanying drawings, similar element has similar reference number.In addition, the various assemblies of same type can be distinguished by line behind the reference number and second label of distinguishing similar assembly.As long as used first reference number in specification, then this explanation can be applied to have any one similar assembly of the first identical reference number equally, and no matter second reference number.
Figure 1A and 1B are the block diagrams of the embodiment of wireless broadband system;
Fig. 2 A, 2B, 2C and 2D are the block diagrams of the embodiment of satellite modem;
Fig. 3 A and 3B are the block diagrams of the embodiment of satellite gateway;
Fig. 4 A, 4B and 4C are the processing procedures of downloading the HTTP object by Radio Link
The flow chart of embodiment;
Fig. 5 A and 5B are the flow charts of embodiment that quickens the processing procedure of return link.
Embodiment
The disclosure provides and has been used for alleviating or has eliminated the embodiment that browses the problem that world wide web (www) produces by broadband satellite data link or other high stand-by period data link.One of them problem that described embodiment solved is to reduce the stand-by period of user's experience.In the following description, provided specific detail for the described embodiment of careful understanding.Yet it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that is not having can to realize these embodiment under the situation of these specific detail yet.For example, can circuit be shown, so that can on unnecessary details, not blur these embodiment with block diagram.In other cases, can be shown specifically well-known circuit, structure and technology so that can not blur these embodiment.
Equally, be noted that these embodiment can be illustrated as processing procedure, flow diagram, structure chart or the block diagram with flow chart description.Although flow chart can be described as operation the processing procedure of order, many operations can walk abreast or concurrent execution.In addition, can rearrange the order of operation.When the operation of processing procedure is finished, stop this processing procedure.Processing procedure can be corresponding to method, function, process, subroutine, subprogram or the like.When processing procedure during corresponding to function, the termination of this processing procedure turns back to call function or principal function corresponding to function.
And, such as disclosed herein, term " storage medium " can represent that one or more being used for store the equipment of data, comprises that read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (ram), magnetic disk storage medium, optical storage media, flash memory device and/or other are used for the machine readable media of stored information.Term " machine readable media " includes, but are not limited to: the medium of instruction and/or data can be stored, comprises or be carried to portable or fixed memory device, light storage device, wireless channel and various other.
In addition, can realize these embodiment with hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode or any their combination.When realizing, carry out the program code of necessary task or code segment and can be stored in such as in the such machine readable media of storage medium with software, firmware, middleware or microcode.Processor can be carried out this necessary task.Code segment can be represented process, function, subprogram, program, routine, subroutine, module, software kit, class, the combination of perhaps any instruction, data structure or program statement.By transmitting and/or reception information, data, argument, parameter or memory content, can be connected to code segment on the other code segment or hardware circuit.Information, argument, parameter, data or the like can be transmitted, transmit or send via various suitable means, and these means comprise Memory Sharing, message transmission, token transmission, Network Transmission or the like.
Based on to the case study of broadband satellite link and the consideration of basic principle, described embodiment is devoted to cover (mask) or alleviate the intrinsic problem of finding in each basic subtransaction of total WWW affairs.
The DNS subtransaction
In various embodiments, can use at least two kinds of different technology to alleviate or cover the DNS subtransaction.First kind of technology is client DNS cache proxy, and it has alleviated the expense of DNS subtransaction.This proxy cache the answer of more long-living the depositing the time of previous acquisition (that is expiration time).When sending given request once more, original time delay load is resubmited by each have been shakeout.
Second kind of technology comprises the client side HTTP processor of being served by ground surface end HTTP grabber, and it has covered the expense that comprises several subtransactions of DNS subtransaction in the WWW affairs.This HTTP processor is distributed to this HTTP grabber to whole DNS subtransaction basically, thereby has eliminated the influence of broadband satellite link to the DNS subtransaction.In addition, also can alleviate the session initiation and the session teardown of TCP subtransaction.These two kinds of techniques save one or more broadband satellite link two-way time (RTT) and replace them with ground RTT.
Session initiation and session teardown subtransaction
The client side HTTP processor that uses ground surface end HTTP grabber to be served can alleviate this two subtransactions.Here, covered the expense of these subtransactions fully, because client browser has been set up the relation between it and the client side HTTP processor, and opening and closing as required.Yet infinitely (very long is overtime) keeps the connection between HTTP processor and the HTTP grabber.This technology has been eliminated and has been set up and remove TCP and be connected desired a plurality of broadband satellite link RTT, and is used in a TCP who sets up and remove between HTTP processor in the satellite modem and the HTTP grabber in gateway component and replaces them.
HTTP subtransaction (GET/REPLY serialization)
The constraint that the serialization of HTTP GET/REPLY applies from the RFC standard.Browser is observed these constraints mostly.Use two kinds of serializations that relevant technology can alleviate HTTP GET/REPLY.
First kind of technology, the parallel TCP of the client side HTTP processor in using from the browser to the satellite modem connects, and has alleviated the influence of HTTP GET/REPLY serialization to the HTTP1.0 affairs.In addition, this technology also can be used for HTTP 1.1 affairs, but is subjected to the constraint of the connection restriction of the appointment in RFC.Here should be noted that RFC has applied small connection restriction to client browser.Client side HTTP processor and ground HTTP grabber thereof are implemented when supporting reasonably to expand (open ended) number and connect.
Second kind of technology supported the HTTP processor and the work of the GET streamline in the HTTP grabber of HTTP 1.1 browsers of realization streamline work, alleviated the influence of HTTPGET/REPLY serialization to HTTP 1.1 affairs.These two kinds of technology can both reduce the serialization influence, particularly to the big website of a large amount of embedded objects is arranged.In addition, can use this two kinds of technology together.
Eliminated the serialization of HTTP GET/REPLY by one of these two methods, can be lowered to approximately one or two total broadband satellite link time delay to the visit of all objects in this embodiment, rather than visit each object and all almost need a broadband satellite link time delay.
TCP transmits subtransaction
Use two kinds of technology can alleviate the impact of broadband satellite link to the TCP transmission.First kind of technology by allowing the window of 750 kilobytes, offset the influence of RTT to throughput.Second kind of technology that this is listed below technology combination, almost moment reaches complete utilance to allow this link.Second kind of technology relaxed the startup slowly from the TCP storehouse.Have only the fact of the satellite link that does not experience link congestion between two end points, prove that this is correct.These modification of TCP operation can be eliminated several broadband satellite link and come and go from the transmission of requested object HTTP affairs.
Propagation delay time influence (GET/REPLY size)
On HTTP GET and HTTP REPLY, use data compression can alleviate the influence of propagation delay time to the HTTP affairs.Analyze the content of the HTTP GET and the HTTP REPLY of a plurality of websites, demonstrate the compression ratio that can be used for HTTP GET and almost can reach 90% or higher, and the compression ratio that can be used for HTTP REPLY approximately can reach 50% or higher.This high data compression rate especially at the HTTP GET on the return link, when using the low rate return link for other system design purpose, can be saved the considerable time.Can use any kind to the effective compression algorithm of text data, for example, Lempel-Ziv compression.
At first, show the block diagram of the embodiment of the wireless broadband system 100-1 that utilizes satellite link with reference to Figure 1A.Geosynchronous satellite 140 links together the first dish-like satellite antenna (satellite dish), the 116 and second dish-like satellite antenna 130 in a bi-directional way.In each embodiment, the stand-by period on each direction of this two-way link is approximately 250ms, but will never be less than 100ms or 200ms.Some embodiment use satellite link and use some other media in other direction in a direction, and for example, dialing modem connects.Embodiment uses the planisphere with the nonsynchronous near-earth orbit satellite of the earth in satellite link.In another embodiment, before gateway or the ground station 118, a plurality of satellites can carry out route between they self in downlink.
Wireless broadband system 100 allows user or commercial computer equipment 112 to communicate with internet 110.Computer equipment 112 can comprise any personal computer that can communicate with internet 110, large-scale computer, work station, VOIP terminal, PDA, household electrical appliance, business machine, network, video equipment or the like.At least comprise a web browser application in the computer equipment 112.112 pairs of these web browsers of computer equipment are configured, and make it use an explicit proxy that is subject to the employed agreement of this web browser.In certain embodiments, web browser information is only picked out in can be in all tcp/ip messages careful examination of implicit proxy.
The enforcement of satellite gateway 118 can be adopted the structure of any number.Computer and server are carried out all digital processings and store tasks.Router, switch, gateway and modulator-demodulator are used for being connected with the various assemblies of internet and satellite gateway 118.Part satellite webmaster 118 can be dispersed throughout the geographical different network of.The RF function that is connected with dish-like satellite antenna 130 or other equivalent wireless device is to realize in the hardware designed for this purpose.
With reference to Figure 1B, show the block diagram of another embodiment of the wireless broadband system 100-2 that utilizes the radio honeycomb link.Radio modem 140 can be a plug-type card, and it allows various types of computer equipments 112 to communicate with radio network gateway 118, and not necessarily will have telephony feature.In one embodiment, radio modem 140 and computer equipment 112 are integrated in the mobile phone with browser function together.Each radio network gateway 118 is connected on the cellular basestation 136, and this cellular basestation is wirelessly connected on the radio modem 140.In most of the cases, the stand-by period of cellular link is much smaller than the stand-by period of satellite link.
Below with reference to Fig. 2 A, show the block diagram of the embodiment of satellite or radio modem 122-1.Computer port 204 communicates with computer equipment 112, but other embodiment may support multiple different wired or radio port 204 and agreement.The TCP/IP business that protocol discriminator (protocol discriminator) 206 supervisory computer ports 204 are all.Make the business of HTTP type and other TCP/IP business separate by protocol discriminator 206.Can use IP address, port or other mechanism so that separately professional the professional and remaining TCP/IP of HTTP.Under any circumstance, protocol discriminator 206 sends the HTTP business HTTP processor 212 to and remaining TCP/IP business is sent to TCP/IP processor 208.
It is not the internet service of HTTP business that TCP/IP processor 208 is handled.Some embodiment can use some technology as described herein to strengthen the processing of non-HTTP business.This TCP/IP processor communicates on Radio Link with compress mode by using compression function unit 232 and decompressing function unit 228.Radio frequency (RF) transmitter 220 is modulated to digital signal on the carrier frequency, and RF receiver 216 carries out demodulation to it.Other embodiment can have different RF configurations.
Some embodiment can use the agreement that is different from TCP for forward direction and/or return link.These agreements of configuration and being held open before receiving the HTTP affairs so that serve many HTTP affairs.Typically, a RTT time delay is used for the return link configuration protocol, but this embodiment just experiences that RTT time delay when disposing this return link for the first time.
Forward direction and return link use compression to reduce bandwidth demand.This compression algorithm is suitable for specific data in this embodiment.For example, a kind of compression algorithm is used for text and another kind of compression algorithm is used for file.The data that transmit on return link are big texts, therefore use a kind of effective text algorithm, for example, and Lempel-Ziv.Forward link can use another to text and the effective algorithm of non-text message.In any case still compression function unit 232 and decompressing function unit 228 use lossless compress in this embodiment.Can realize compression function unit 232 and decompressing function unit 228 with hardware and/or software.When having used multiple algorithm, the head of packed data can be designated as which kind of algorithm packed data has used so that allow the receiving terminal of link that data are decompressed.
With reference to figure 2B, show the block diagram of another embodiment of the satellite that comprises DNS high-speed cache 236 or radio modem 122-2.HTTP processor 212 and TCP/IP processor 208 use DNS high-speed cache 236 to preserve the dns lookup by gateway 118 uses of previous acquisition.When web browser or other application requests dns lookup, can determine whether it before was determined with reference to this DNS high-speed cache.Any IP address by high-speed cache can be used in dns lookup operation subsequently.
Below with reference to Fig. 2 C, show the block diagram that comprises for another embodiment of the modulator-demodulator 122-3 of the Bandwidth Management of return link.The data that return buffer 224 is preserved at return link can be returned link manager 240 off lines outputs (spoolout) up to these data.The return link nominal is the channel of a 20-40Kbps, and it is always available for return link manager 240.
If return buffer 224 begins to be filled into the point of the stand-by period that increases return link, then bandwidth can be adjusted and keep a period of time.Return link manager 240 can requests more bandwidth or only to gateway 118 report filling extents.Gateway 118 can be assessed and distributes higher bandwidth and kept a period of time before this return link returns to the lower bandwidth channel this request.In the CDMA layout, this can comprise new channel code with higher bandwidth of transmission, but can use any layout (TDMA or the like) in various embodiments.
With reference to figure 2D, the block diagram of another embodiment of the modulator-demodulator 122-4 that comprises Bandwidth Management and compression is shown.In this embodiment, on return link, send before the content in the return buffer 224, earlier it is compressed.Because all information in this return buffer at gateway 118, therefore can use same TCP to connect for all information, rather than set up and remove independent a plurality of the connection.Some embodiment can use the agreement that is different from TCP, and it can open the transmission of lasting connection and management information grouping.
Below with reference to Fig. 3 A, show the block diagram of the embodiment of satellite or radio network gateway 118-1.Radio modem 122 is being carried out in the configuration of mirror image, and described embodiment has used compression function unit 232, decompressing function unit 228, RF transmitter 220, RF receiver 216 and radio port 224.In case to carry out the demodulation compression from the information of return link, traffic discriminator 318 just determines whether this information is relevant with HTTP.HTTP grabber 308 is handled the HTTP business, and TCP/IP grabber 304 is handled remaining business.HTTP grabber 308 and TCP/IP grabber 304 all carry out alternately with internet 110, so that collect and return internet information to be used for the forward link of modulator-demodulator 122.
The URI of the domain name that 308 pairs of HTTP grabbers are 122 that receive from modulator-demodulator, contain them decodes.Use the DNS 104 on the internet 110 that this domain name is converted to the IP address.In case known the IP address, this URI sent to specific source server 126 so that HTTP to be provided object.To requested object and requested subsequently embedded object compresses and forward link when coming on send.Other embodiment of HTTP grabber continues to handle all embedded link in the web object, and if reckon with that a connected page will be requested, and also send to HTTP processor 212 to those pages that linked.
The various modulator-demodulators 122 of bandwidth allocator 322 from wireless broadband system 100 receive for the extra request of returning bandwidth.These requests may be that a certain amount of bandwidth of requirement or its only are the reports for the filling extent in the return buffer 224.This filling extent may be that the data volume that is cushioned or its may be indicated and used how many buffers 224.In one embodiment, in head, use two bits to indicate in this buffer, whether to reach three different threshold values from the grouping of modulator-demodulator 122, for example, 1/3rd full, 2/3rds full and almost full up.
With reference to figure 3B, show the block diagram of another embodiment of satellite or radio network gateway 118-2.This embodiment has been integrated into HTTP high-speed cache 312 and DNS high-speed cache 236 among the gateway 118-2.Along with a plurality of modulator-demodulator 122 request objects, the DNS information and the HTTP page are stored.Request to same information subsequently can obtain service from high-speed cache 236 and 312.TCP/IP grabber 304 and HTTP grabber 308 use DNS high-speed cache 236, and the HTTP grabber uses HTTP high-speed cache 312.Because many objects all customize, so HTTP high-speed cache 312 only returns for any one user and not exclusive not parameterized information.
Below with reference to Fig. 4 A, show the flow chart of the embodiment that is used for the processing procedure 400-1 by the Radio Link downloaded object.Part described in the processing procedure 400-1 starts from step 404, in this step 404, and the persistence TCP link before this HTTP GET sends to the HTTP processor between setup of modulator-demodulator 122 and the gateway 118.This TCP link has the finite bandwidth that can be used to serve with low latency any return link data.Browser on the configuration computer equipment 112 makes its HTTP processor 212 as the agency, but the function of between HTTP processor 212 and HTTP grabber 308, dividing the agency.
In step 408, browser sends HTTP GET order to HTTP processor 212.In this embodiment, browser is entrusted to HTTP processor 212 dns lookup with to the processing of outside ip address.In step 412, return link is sent to HTTP grabber 308 to HTTP GET order with relevant URI.In step 416, HTTP grabber 308 is carried out dns lookup so that obtain the IP address of domain name among the URI.
In step 420, from (a plurality of) source server 126 request objects.Because should to as if send from source server 126, in step 424, use the forward link it is forwarded to HTTP processor 212.In step 428, HTTP processor 212 is finished the original HTTP GET order of web browser.By turn back to the circulation of step 408 from step 428, finish any HTTP GET order subsequently.
With reference to figure 4B, show the flow chart of another embodiment that is used for the processing procedure 400-2 by the Radio Link downloaded object.This embodiment is supported in the compression on forward direction and the return link.In step 410, carry out the step of compression HTTP GET order, and in step 426, carry out the step of decompression object.Additional step among other embodiment can be supported the different compression algorithm that changes according to agreement, content, application or the like.
With reference to figure 4C, show the flow chart of another embodiment that is used for downloading the processing procedure 400-3 of a group objects by Radio Link.In step 402, dispose computer equipment 112 in non-standard mode, so that allow to be connected to the maximum number that outnumbers recommendation that the HTTP in the modulator-demodulator 122 connects.Computer equipment is configured comprises and revise the browser setting, change registry key or other configuration.In various embodiments, the number that connects of TCP can be at least 5,10,16,32,64,128,256 or any other greater than 5 integer.
In step 404, on satellite link, set up TCP and connect or other connection.It can be to have followed previous HTTP GET to set up together that this TCP connects, and perhaps sets up as the result of present HTTP GET.Under any circumstance, this TCP connects and is held open in remaining time of processing procedure 400-3 or time that may be longer.In this embodiment, by the HTTP REPLY in the step 406, be met for first HTTP GET request that has to an object of the embedded link of other object.This will be included in, and TCP of configuration connects between computer equipment 112 and the modulator-demodulator 122.
In case return first object in HTTP REPLY, computer equipment 112 extracts many embedded link.Under the situation that provides nonstandard numbers purpose TCP to connect, use parallel mode, in many steps 406, can ask all embedded link.The particular network browser can sequentially send HTTP GET order again and again, but because therefore the increase that available HTTP connects can continue to send these HTTP GET orders.If reach the limit that HTTP connects, then web browser need wait for that the HTTP that closes one of them unlatching connects.
Below with reference to Fig. 5 A, show the flow chart of embodiment that is used for quickening the processing procedure 500-1 of wireless return link in wireless broadband system 100.Return link manager 240 and bandwidth allocator 322 are worked together, so that suitable return link bandwidth to be provided.Part described in the processing procedure 500-1 starts from step 504, executive communication on persistence low bandwidth return link in step 504.In case surpassed threshold value, this embodiment only reports the buffer filling extent, but other embodiment can utilize each grouping or periodically utilize grouping return buffer state.
In step 508, return link manager 240 monitors the consumption of return buffer.As long as do not surpass predetermined threshold value in step 512, the return link manager just can outer bandwidth and the processing of amount of the claim can not got back to step 504.In step 512,, then handle proceeding to step 516 with the outer bandwidth of amount of the claim if surpassed buffer threshold.In this embodiment, threshold value is that buffer becomes 1/3rd completely.Other embodiment is defined as supposition to this threshold value and empties a required time delay of buffer under the situation that current bandwidth distributes.For example, when emptying buffer need be greater than time of 100ms the time, the request that then produces an extra bandwidth.
In step 516, the buffer filling extent is reported to gateway 118 with next grouping.This report can be in the buffer total amount, empty the required time of buffer and/or only indication exceeded threshold value.In step 520, bandwidth allocator 322 receives filling extent information, and sends the needs of the modulator-demodulator 122 of request at other demand analyses of sharing the equipment of this return link.Under the situation that can not satisfy all requests, can be to allow at random in a looping fashion to the approval of asking, perhaps allow according to some alternate manners, make the influence of stand-by period be distributed on all modulator-demodulators 122.
If allow, then in step 524, in a period of time, distribute the return link of higher bandwidth.The link of this higher bandwidth can be an extra link, or substitutes a link of current link.After expiration during this period of time, can indicate another one to have the return link of different bandwidth.Bandwidth allocator 322 can be specified any group link and time period.For example, can distribute a link that continues the 750Kbps in three seconds immediately, and after the time delay in two seconds, can use the link of a 200Kbps, and after this this link keeps available within ten seconds.If bandwidth allocator 322 should change its position by (many) link by substituting with one or more different links, can carry out a different link assignment after a while by informing modulator-demodulator 122 so.
Use new link up to the expiration of the time period of definition.In some cases, this link does not have deadline, makes it possible to continue to use up to other notice modulator-demodulator 122.For example, within next ten seconds, can give the link of a 500Kbps of this modulator-demodulator, and be the link of a 25Kbps after that, before modulator-demodulator 122 is received new instruction, can use this link always.
With reference to figure 5B, show the flow chart of another embodiment that is used for quickening the processing procedure 500-2 of return links in wireless broadband system 100.In this embodiment, by circulation execution in step 504,508,516 and 520, with each grouping, every several groupings or periodically report filling extent.In step 532 and after step 520, bandwidth allocator 322 determines whether the bandwidth that need provide extra.If there is not extra bandwidth to become available, handles and turn back to step 504 from step 532.As determining that in step 532 a plurality of extra bandwidths become available, then before turning back to step 504, execution in step 524 and step 528.
Any technical staff of this area provides the above explanation of the disclosed embodiments, so that can both make or use the disclosure.The various modifications of these embodiment are apparent to one skilled in the art, and under the situation that does not deviate from spirit or scope of the present disclosure, defined here general principle can be applied to other embodiment.Thereby the disclosure is not to be limited shown embodiment here, but will meet and principle disclosed herein and the corresponding to wide region of novel feature.
Claims (50)
1, a kind of method that is used for downloading by the satellite link that satellite modem is connected to satellite gateway the HTTP(Hypertext Transport Protocol) webpage said method comprising the steps of:
Open transmission control protocol (TCP) link between described satellite gateway and the described satellite modem;
Receive HTTP unified resource identifier (URI) at described satellite modem place from web browser, wherein:
Described HTTP URI is corresponding with the described HTTP webpage of source server, and
Before described receiving step, carry out described unlatching step;
By described TCP link described HTTP URI is dealt into described satellite gateway;
Determine Internet Protocol (IP) address of the domain name of in described HTTP URI, indicating by described satellite gateway;
Fetch described HTTP webpage, wherein:
The described step of fetching causes by described forwarding step, and
Described HTTP webpage comprises a plurality of embedded URI;
Described HTTP webpage is sent to described satellite modem;
By described TCP link, at least five embedded URI among described a plurality of embedded URI are dealt into described satellite gateway, wherein said at least five embedded URI are corresponding with five objects; And
Described five objects are sent to described satellite modem, and wherein said satellite gateway has described at least five objects, is sent fully but go back neither one in described five objects.
2, the method that is used for downloading by the satellite link that satellite modem is connected to satellite gateway the HTTP webpage according to claim 1 further is included in the step that described forwarding step compresses described HTTP URI before.
3, the method that is used for downloading by the satellite link that satellite modem is connected to satellite gateway the HTTP webpage according to claim 1 further comprises the step that sends described IP address from described satellite modem.
4, the method that is used for downloading by the satellite link that satellite modem is connected to satellite gateway the HTTP webpage according to claim 1, wherein, from the angle of described web browser, described satellite modem comprises explicit proxy.
5, the method that is used for downloading by the satellite link that satellite modem is connected to satellite gateway the HTTP webpage according to claim 1 further comprises the step of distinguishing described HTTP URI and other the Internet request.
6, the method that is used for downloading by the satellite link that satellite modem is connected to satellite gateway the HTTP webpage according to claim 1 further comprises the step that sends described webpage from described satellite modem.
7, a kind of computer-readable medium with the executable instruction of computer, described instruction are used for the attainable method that is used for the HTTP of link download via satellite webpage according to claim 1 of object computer.
8, a kind of wireless downloading system that is used for sending the HTTP webpage by Radio Link, described wireless downloading system comprises:
Radio modem, it receives HTTP URI from web browser; And
Radio network gateway, it is away from described radio modem, wherein:
Described HTTP URI is corresponding with the described HTTP webpage of source server, and protocol link connects described radio modem and described radio network gateway; And before described radio modem receives described HTTP URI, open described protocol link,
Described HTTP URI is dealt into described radio network gateway,
Described radio network gateway is determined Internet Protocol (IP) address of the domain name of indicating in described HTTP URI;
Described radio network gateway uses described internet to fetch described HTTP webpage, and
Do not take under the situation of any action after described radio modem is dealt into described radio network gateway to described HTTP URI, described HTTP webpage is sent to described radio modem.
9, a kind of being used for downloaded the method for HTTP webpage by radio modem with away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem, said method comprising the steps of:
Open the TCP link between described radio modem and the described point;
Receive HTTP URI at described radio modem place from web browser, wherein:
Described HTTP URI is corresponding with the described HTTP webpage of source server, and carries out described unlatching step before described receiving step;
Described HTTP URI is dealt into described point;
Receive described webpage from described point, and need not to determine the IP address that wherein said IP address is corresponding to the domain name of indicating in described HTTP URI at described radio modem place; And
Described HTTP webpage is sent to described web browser.
10, according to claim 9 being used for downloaded the method for HTTP webpage by radio modem with away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem, further is included in described some place determines the IP address of the domain name of indicating in described HTTP URI step.
11, according to claim 9 being used for downloaded the method for HTTP webpage by radio modem with away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem, further is included in the step that described webpage is fetched at described some place.
12, according to claim 9 being used for downloaded the method for HTTP webpage by radio modem with away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem, and be wherein said corresponding to radio network gateway.
13, according to claim 9 being used for downloaded the method for HTTP webpage by radio modem with away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem, and wherein, satellite link is connected to described point to described radio modem.
14, according to claim 9 being used for downloaded the method for HTTP webpage by radio modem with away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem, and wherein, cellular basestation is connected to described point to described radio modem.
15, according to claim 9 being used for downloaded the method for HTTP webpage by radio modem with away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem, further comprises the step of compressing described HTTP URI.
16, according to claim 9 being used for downloaded the method for HTTP webpage by radio modem with away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem, comprises further whether the IP address of determining domain name is cached in the step in the described radio modem.
17, a kind of computer-readable medium with the executable instruction of computer, described instruction are used for that object computer is attainable according to claim 9ly to be used for by radio modem and to download the method for HTTP webpage away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem.
18, a kind of electronic system is suitable for that object computer is attainable according to claim 9ly to be used for by radio modem and to download the method for HTTP webpage away from the Radio Link between the point of this radio modem.
19, a kind ofly be used to fetch, said method comprising the steps of from radio network gateway with away from the method for the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway:
Open described radio network gateway and use protocol link between the described point of packet switching;
Receive HTTP URI at described radio network gateway place from described point, wherein:
Described HTTP URI is corresponding with the described HTTP webpage of source server, and
Before described some place is ready to described HTTP URI, open described protocol link;
Determine the IP address of the domain name of in described HTTP URI, indicating;
Fetch described webpage from described IP address; And
Described HTTP webpage is sent to described point, and wherein said IP address is not sent to described point.
20, according to claim 19ly be used to fetch from radio network gateway with away from the method for the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway, wherein said corresponding to radio modem.
21, according to claim 19ly be used to fetch, further may further comprise the steps from radio network gateway with away from the method for the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway:
Receive a plurality of embedded UPI, wherein said a plurality of embedded URI are associated with described HTTP webpage;
Fetch corresponding a plurality of objects with described a plurality of embedded UPI; And
Described a plurality of objects are sent to described point, and wherein, at least five objects in described a plurality of objects are requested being right after to fetch in the step the preceding, but are not sent fully at described forwarding step.
22, according to claim 19ly be used to fetch from radio network gateway with away from the method for the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway, wherein satellite link is connected to described point to described radio network gateway.
23, according to claim 19ly be used to fetch from radio network gateway with away from the method for the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway, wherein cellular basestation is connected to described point to described radio network gateway.
24, according to claim 19ly be used to fetch, further comprise the step of the described HTTP URI that decompresses from radio network gateway with away from the method for the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway.
25, a kind of computer-readable medium with the executable instruction of computer, described instruction are used for that object computer is attainable according to claim 19ly to be used to fetch from radio network gateway with away from the method for the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway.
26, a kind of electronic system is suitable for that object computer is attainable according to claim 19ly to be used to fetch from radio network gateway with away from the method for the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway.
27, a kind ofly be used to fetch from radio network gateway with away from the wireless downloading system of the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway, described wireless downloading system comprises:
Be used to open the device of the TCP link between described radio network gateway and the described point;
Be used for receiving from described some the device of HTTP URI at described radio network gateway place, wherein:
Described HTTP URI is corresponding with the described HTTP webpage of source server, and before described some place is ready to described HTTP URI, opens described TCP link;
Be used for determining the device of the IP address of the domain name of indicating at described HTTP URI;
Be used for fetching the device of described webpage from described IP address; And
Be used for described HTTP webpage is sent to the device of described point, wherein said IP address is not sent to described point.
28, according to claim 27ly be used to fetch, further comprise the device that is used for closing after period described TCP link in one section inertia of described TCP link from radio network gateway with away from the wireless downloading system of the HTTP webpage of the Radio Link request between the point of this radio network gateway.
29, a kind of wireless system that is used to download internet information, described wireless system comprises:
Radio modem, it has the return link buffer;
Radio network gateway;
The persistent data link, it connects described radio modem and described radio network gateway, wherein:
Described persistent data link has the first return link bandwidth that is exclusively used in described radio modem,
Described radio network gateway can be at least in part based on the load of described return link buffer, regulate described persistent data link obtaining the second return link bandwidth, and the described first return link bandwidth is less than the described second return link bandwidth.
30, the wireless system that is used to download internet information according to claim 29, wherein said persistent data link has the forward link of its bandwidth greater than the first or second return link bandwidth.
31, the wireless system that is used to download internet information according to claim 29, wherein said persistent data link have the forward link of being shared by a plurality of radio modems.
32, the wireless system that is used to download internet information according to claim 29, wherein said persistent data link comprises satellite.
33, the wireless system that is used to download internet information according to claim 29, wherein said persistent data link comprises cellular basestation.
34, the wireless system that is used to download internet information according to claim 29, wherein said persistent data link has the return link of the text message of the compression of carrying.
35, the wireless system that is used to download internet information according to claim 29, wherein said persistent data link has the return link of the HTTP URI of the compression of carrying.
36, a kind of method that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway said method comprising the steps of:
Utilize return link to connect described radio modem and described radio network gateway, wherein said return link has first bandwidth that is exclusively used in described radio modem;
Determine that the information at described return link is laid in size in described radio modem; And
For described return link distributes extra bandwidth, wherein said return link is assigned described extra bandwidth and is continued for some time.
37, the method that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway according to claim 36, wherein said determining step comprise determines that described deposit size has reached the step of predetermined threshold value.
38, the method that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway according to claim 36 further comprises step from described deposit size to described radio network gateway that notify.
39, the method that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway according to claim 36 further comprises to described radio network gateway and notifies described deposit size to reach the step of predetermined threshold value.
40, the method that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway according to claim 36 comprises that further compression is used for the step of the data of described return link.
41, the method that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway according to claim 36 comprises that further compression is used for the step of the HTTP information of described return link.
42, the method that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway according to claim 36 further may further comprise the steps:
Specified data is a text; And
Compress described data based on described determining step.
43, a kind of computer-readable medium with the executable instruction of computer, described instruction are used for the attainable method that transmits the employed wireless data link of internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway that is used to manage according to claim 36 of object computer.
44, a kind of broadband system that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway, described broadband system may further comprise the steps:
Be used to utilize return link to connect the device of described radio modem and described radio network gateway, wherein said return link has first bandwidth that is exclusively used in described radio modem;
Be used for determining at the device of described radio modem at the information deposit size of described return link; And
Be used to described return link to distribute the device of extra bandwidth, wherein said return link is assigned described extra bandwidth and is continued for some time.
45, according to the described broadband system that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway of claim 44, wherein said radio modem also utilizes forward link and the described radio network gateway shared by a plurality of radio modems to link together.
46, according to the described broadband system that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway of claim 44, wherein said return link comprises satellite.
47, according to the described broadband system that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway of claim 44, wherein said return link comprises cellular basestation.
48, according to the described broadband system that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway of claim 44, wherein said return link carries the text message of compression.
49, according to the described broadband system that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway of claim 44, the stand-by period in wherein said return link propagation time is from being not less than 100ms.
50, according to the described broadband system that is used to manage the employed wireless data link of transmission internet information between radio modem and radio network gateway of claim 44, the stand-by period in wherein said return link propagation time is from being not less than 200ms.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US55560504P | 2004-03-22 | 2004-03-22 | |
| US60/555,605 | 2004-03-22 | ||
| US10/931,310 | 2004-08-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1957579A true CN1957579A (en) | 2007-05-02 |
Family
ID=38063782
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800163436A Pending CN1957579A (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2005-03-22 | HTTP acceleration over a network link |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1957579A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103125108A (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2013-05-29 | 高通股份有限公司 | System and method of establishing transmission control protocol connections |
| CN106657256A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-05-10 | 乐视控股（北京）有限公司 | Resource acquisition processing method and device |
| CN107104892A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-29 | 深圳市福云明网络科技有限公司 | The method and apparatus of network acceleration |
| CN113826086A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2021-12-21 | 高通股份有限公司 | Bandwidth-based power management for peripheral component interconnect express devices |
| CN114500399A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-13 | 赛尔网络有限公司 | Data transmission method, apparatus, medium and product |
-
2005
- 2005-03-22 CN CNA2005800163436A patent/CN1957579A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103125108A (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2013-05-29 | 高通股份有限公司 | System and method of establishing transmission control protocol connections |
| CN103125108B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2015-10-07 | 高通股份有限公司 | Set up the system and method that emission control agreement connects |
| CN107104892A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-29 | 深圳市福云明网络科技有限公司 | The method and apparatus of network acceleration |
| CN106657256A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-05-10 | 乐视控股（北京）有限公司 | Resource acquisition processing method and device |
| CN113826086A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2021-12-21 | 高通股份有限公司 | Bandwidth-based power management for peripheral component interconnect express devices |
| CN114500399A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-13 | 赛尔网络有限公司 | Data transmission method, apparatus, medium and product |
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