CN1957429A - Electrically conductive shield for refrigerator - Google Patents

Electrically conductive shield for refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1957429A
CN1957429A CNA2005800168586A CN200580016858A CN1957429A CN 1957429 A CN1957429 A CN 1957429A CN A2005800168586 A CNA2005800168586 A CN A2005800168586A CN 200580016858 A CN200580016858 A CN 200580016858A CN 1957429 A CN1957429 A CN 1957429A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
refrigeration machine
magnetic system
electrically conductive
cryogenic
temperature
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Granted
Application number
CNA2005800168586A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1957429B (en
Inventor
T·J·休斯
K·怀特
S·J·S·利斯特
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Siemens AG
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Siemens Magnet Technology Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2005/005153 external-priority patent/WO2005117036A1/en
Application filed by Siemens Magnet Technology Ltd filed Critical Siemens Magnet Technology Ltd
Publication of CN1957429A publication Critical patent/CN1957429A/en
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Publication of CN1957429B publication Critical patent/CN1957429B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/005—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for medium-size and small storage vessels not under pressure
    • F17C13/006—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for medium-size and small storage vessels not under pressure for Dewar vessels or cryostats
    • F17C13/007—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for medium-size and small storage vessels not under pressure for Dewar vessels or cryostats used for superconducting phenomena
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
    • F17C3/085—Cryostats
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/04—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F17C2203/0312—Radiation shield cooled by external means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
    • F17C2203/0687—Special properties of materials for vessel walls superconducting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F17C2221/017—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0353—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid using cryocooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0372—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
    • F17C2227/0379—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact inside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
    • F17C2227/0381—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact integrated in the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • F17C2270/0527—Superconductors
    • F17C2270/0536—Magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

A cryogenic magnet system, comprising a cryogenic vessel (1) housing a magnet winding, a vacuum jacket (3) enclosing the cryogenic vessel and a refrigerator (4) at least partially housed within the vacuum jacket and thermally linked (6) to the cryogenic vessel. In particular, the system further comprises an electromagnetic shield.

Description

The electrically conductive shield that is used for refrigeration machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used to produce the cryogenic magnet device of uniform magnetic field.Especially, the present invention relates to a kind of radome that is provided with around Cryo Refrigerator, to reduce of the influence of this Cryo Refrigerator to resultant magnetic field stability.
Background technology
The MRI magnet system generally includes the cryogenic magnet device and is used for medical diagnosis.The MRI magnet needs stable uniform magnetic field.In order to realize stability, adopt the superconducting magnet system of under low-down temperature, working usually, cool off this superconductor by this superconductor is immersed in the cryogen (being generally liquid helium) usually, thereby keep this temperature.Cryogen especially helium is expensive, and wishes that the design of this magnet system and working method should be reduced to the use amount of this cryogenic liquid minimum.
This superconducting magnet system generally includes one group of superconductor winding that is used to produce magnetic field, holds the cryogen container of this superconductor winding and cryogen, surrounds the one or more heat shielding covers of this cryogen container and the vacuum jacket of these one or more heat shielding covers of complete closed fully.For the further loss that reduces the heat load on this fluid container and therefore reduce the liquid refrigerant that causes owing to vaporizing, use refrigeration machine that this heat shielding cover is cooled to low temperature in the practice usually.Also known use refrigeration machine directly freezes to this refrigerant system receiver, and the consumption with this refrigerant fluid is reduced to zero thus.All need between refrigeration machine and the object that will cool off, realize good thermo-contact in both cases.Realize that at low temperatures good thermo-contact is difficult, can under heat shielding cover temperature, realize sufficient thermo-contact, realize that under low-down temperature required thermo-contact then becomes very difficult though use adds press contacts.In order to safeguard, this refrigeration machine need be dismountable, so this thermo-contact need be dismountable, and this is difficult for adding press contacts.Condensing provides a kind of good thermo-contact mode, therefore, if desired this refrigerant system receiver is freezed, and this container cooling segment of this refrigeration machine is in this cryogenic gases.This means that this refrigeration machine is surrounded by this cryogenic gases.
Near this magnet any magnetic material all can be by the magnetic field magnetisation around this magnet, and its magnetic can have influence on the uniformity and the size of the one-tenth image field of this magnet centre.For static material, this interference can compensate by the process that is called " shimming (shimming) ", in this process, produces complementary field in imaging region, and it has offset the influence of interference field.If around magnet mobile magnetic material is arranged, this shimming process can not compensate, and this becomes image field disturbed, and the result is the MRI image quality decrease.Clearly, wish this time dependent interference is reduced to minimum.Faraday cage (Faraday cage) around the magnet can protect it not to be subjected to High-frequency Interference, and the magnetically soft steel cage can improve the outer low-frequency magnetic interference effect of cage.But some type refrigeration machines that are used in the superconducting MRI magnet system can contain magnetic material in their heat exchanger (being called regenerator (regenerator)), and it moves in the running of refrigeration machine.When these refrigeration machines were used to cool off this MRI system, they were in close proximity to this magnet, and partly were in the inside of the vacuum jacket of this magnet usually, and therefore can not shield with mentioned before traditional approach.Wish to find a kind of mode to reduce this interference.
This refrigeration machine will be worn, and must change after certain hour, so that keep enough performances.Therefore it must removably be connected with this magnet system.
The mobile magnetic material of this refrigeration machine moves in the magnetic field of this magnet, and the magnetization that should move makes this MRI image quality decrease.
United States Patent (USP) 5701744 has been put down in writing a kind of bismuth alloy superconducting shielding cover, and it is provided with around rare earth displacement cryocooler (rare-earth displacement cryocooler).A kind of like this shortcoming of radome is that this bismuth alloy radome self can be by permanent magnetization; Employed bismuth alloy is relatively more expensive, and does not have enough heat conductivities.These radomes of record have high thermal conductivity material bar in United States Patent (USP) 5701744, arrive its working temperature to help this sleeve.
Summary of the invention
Correspondingly, the invention provides device as defined by the appended claims, to solve at least some shortcomings of the prior art.
The invention provides a kind of electrically conductive shield, this electrically conductive shield is arranged in the vacuum space and round this and moves the refrigeration machine part at magnetic part place, moves the magnetic interference of magnetic part to uniform field thereby reduced by this.
Description of drawings
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to the explanation of some embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage will be more obvious by hereinafter.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the cross section of benefiting from cryogenic magnetic system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the part of refrigeration machine and jockey, and it is suitable for use in all systems as shown in Figure 1, and improves according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B show isometric view and the plane graph that is used to discuss theoretical effect of the present invention respectively.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of cryogenic magnetic system, and it is equipped with refrigeration machine 4 in branch sleeve 5.Shown this concrete cryogenic magnetic system is a kind of MRI magnet system.The liquid refrigerant container 1 that accommodates the superconducting magnet (not shown) is surrounded by one or more heat shielding covers 2, and these one or more heat shielding covers 2 are surrounded fully by vacuum jacket 3.Refrigeration machine 4 removably is assembled to this magnet system, and carries out hot link and mechanical connection by branch sleeve 5, so that cool off this heat shielding cover 2 by hot link part 5a, this hot link part 5a can be copper litz wire or other suitable known hot link part arbitrarily.Although the present invention does not require that the inside of this branch sleeve 5 can be connected with the inside of refrigerant system receiver 1, for example be communicated with by managing 6.4 in this refrigeration machine can be so that the cryogenic gases regelation of having evaporated so, and by managing 6 its conveying is got back to this refrigerant system receiver 1.At the run duration of this refrigeration machine, certain magnetic material can setting in motion.For example, the regenerator material in GM (Gifford-McMahon) the type refrigeration machine can as shown in arrow 7ly vibrate.
Fig. 2 illustrates in greater detail a part of refrigeration machine and branch sleeve.In the embodiment shown, this refrigeration machine is a kind of two-stage refrigeration machine.The first order 21 cooling first order cooling class 22 of this refrigeration machine 4, this cooling class 22 is connected to the first order heat station 23 of this branch sleeve.This first order heat station 23 is thermally coupled to this heat shielding cover 2 by hot link part 5a, provides thus to be used for the hot path that this heat shielding cover cooled off by refrigeration machine.The second level 8 of this refrigeration machine 4 is arranged in the bottom 9 of this branch sleeve 5.
In the example of two-stage GM type refrigeration machine, the partial regenerator of this refrigeration machine can contain magnetic material.In the running of this refrigeration machine and this magnet, this second level regenerator material can move in the magnetic field that is produced by magnet system.The mobile meeting of this material in the refrigerator operation process forms in the magnetic field that magnet system produces and disturbs.Then, this interference will destroy the uniformity in the magnetic field of this system, and can produce destruction to the image that is adopted this magnet to form by the MRI system.In being different from other system of MRI system, will be otherwise the uniformity in this magnetic field be caused undesirable destruction.
According to one embodiment of the present of invention, electrically conductive shield 10 is at least basically around the second level 8 of this refrigeration machine 4, and at cold end 24 mechanical connection and be thermally coupled to this branch sleeve 5 nearby.In the example shown, the body of this radome 10 is columnar, and preferably the one end is by pedestal 11 sealings, and this pedestal 11 has good thermo-contact with the body of this radome.In the example shown, this radome comprises the hole, passes this radome to allow pipe 6.The body of this radome 10 extends far away as far as possible along this refrigeration machine second level 8, but can be as far as the higher temperature region that touches this refrigeration machine sleeve (such as first order heat station 23).This radome 10 can use screw 12 or screw bolt and nut 13 (passing or center on the periphery of this pedestal 11) to fix, perhaps fix, so that between the cold end 24 of radome 10 and this refrigeration machine branch sleeve 5, provide mechanical support and thermo-contact by alternate manner.
In the embodiment shown, this refrigeration machine sleeve is filled with cryogenic gases, and is connected with this refrigerant system receiver 1 usually.This radome 10 is positioned at this branch sleeve 5 outsides, and is in the vacuum between refrigerant system receiver 1 and the vacuum jacket 3.This radome 10 is positioned at the vacuum space of this magnet system, and this is because its normally a kind of heat conducting element is again a kind of conducting element.If this radome 10 is arranged in the inside of this refrigeration machine branch sleeve, be exactly the place that cryogenic gases is arranged in the example shown, so this radome 10 will by with contacting of cryogenic gases with heat from conducting to the lower area (this lower area is in lower temperature) of this refrigeration machine second level 8 near the upper area (temperature of this upper area approaches the temperature of first order thermal level 22) of this refrigeration machine second level 8.This will seriously reduce total refrigerating capacity of this refrigeration machine.
In optional embodiment, this branch sleeve 5 can with this refrigerant system receiver 1 seal isolation, this refrigeration machine can be in the vacuum space in this sleeve.In such embodiments, this radome 10 also is arranged in the inside of this refrigeration machine branch sleeve, and is close to the second level of this refrigeration machine.
Fig. 3 A-Fig. 3 B shows according to after the one embodiment of the invention improvement, because the field distortion of this field system that existence and motion caused of magnetic material 14 (for example in the regenerator of refrigeration machine 4).Only show the magnetic field line of maximum distortion.Shown this distortion is can improve the magnetic material 14 of magnetic field intensity in the part at a kind of, but other type magnetic material that is used in the regenerator can be the type that can reduce local magnetic field strength.The present invention can be applied to have the embodiment of any class magnetic material.
This magnetic material 14 is in the electrically conductive shield 10, and produces the distortion to local magnetic field.This distortion intersects in indicated zone 15 with the wall of this radome 10.Do not wish to be bound to any specific theory, the inventor thinks that following explanation has provided the accurate understanding to work of the present invention.Because this magnetic material moves in the running of refrigeration machine, as shown in arrow 7, the distortion in magnetic field is moved, and the magnetic flux distributions crossing with the wall of radome 10 changes.As everyone knows, if the magnetic flux that intersects with a conductor changes, will produce eddy current against the variation of magnetic flux.Total effect of the eddy current that these produce against magnetic flux change is: if the conductivity of this radome 10 is big, when this regenerator moved, the changes of magnetic field of these radome 10 inside reduced on this radome outside greatly so.Correspondingly, this radome 10 has reduced the influence in the magnetic field of these 14 pairs of these systems of mobile magnetic material.
This electrically conductive shield depends on electricalresistivity and the thickness and the time dependent frequency f of this radome to the Magnetic Shielding Effectiveness of periodicity time-varying magnetic field (such as by magnetic field provided by the present invention).Should " skin depth " δ be δ=[ρ/π f μ 0] 0.5, at this " skin depth " δ place, the intensity decreases of this variation is its 1/e in the value of surface.The frequency f of this refrigeration machine often is 1-2Hz.At room temperature, the resistivity of C101 copper is 17.9 * 10 -9Ω-m, the resistivity of 1200 aluminium is 28.6 * 10 -9Ω-m.Permeability of vacuum μ 0=4 π * 10 -7H/m.At room temperature and 2Hz place, be respectively 0.048m and 0.060m for the skin depth of copper and aluminium.
As everyone knows, the electricalresistivity of electric conductor (such as copper and aluminium) descends with the temperature reduction; The decline of resistivity is along with the raising of the purity of electric conductor and softness and improve.For purity is 99.9995% precision annealing aluminium, if temperature is reduced to 4.2K, the factor that resistivity reduces is up to 5000, and the skin depth at 2Hz place drops to 0.85mm.For example, the radome of being made by the thick this aluminium of 8mm externally passes through factor e -9=1/12000 reduces this changes of magnetic field.For the radome 10 with minimum material thickness obtains best shield effectiveness, therefore, importantly guarantee and the abundant thermo-contact of the minimum temperature part 24 of this refrigeration machine branch sleeve 5 and the high-purity material of this radome.
In practice, that estimates that this shielding can not calculated as mentioned produces effect like that, and this is because this radome has limited length.Although be appreciated that and use aluminium, also can use other material, for example copper with similar electrical characteristics as an example.
Referring to Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, the variation of magnetic flux is in zone 15, and aims at the outer field direction shown in the arrow B o, and will be at these region generating eddy current.Therefore, along the length of radome 10 this radome 10 being cut on perpendicular to the direction of magnetic direction may be to the few of influence of this shielding character, shown in 16 among Fig. 3 B.Than a single-piece radome is assembled to this refrigeration machine branch sleeve around, by providing this radome with two or more parts, it is then just very simple to assemble this radome around this refrigeration machine branch sleeve 5.

Claims (10)

1. cryogenic magnetic system, comprise the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel (1) that accommodates the magnet winding, surround the vacuum jacket (3) of this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, and be contained in refrigeration machine (4) in this vacuum jacket at least in part, wherein, this refrigeration machine comprises at least one cooling class (24) and magnetic material (14), this magnetic material moves in the running of refrigeration machine, and be contained in the part (8) of refrigeration machine, it is characterized in that, this system also comprises electrically conductive shield (10), this electrically conductive shield is thermally coupled to a cooling class of this refrigeration machine, and is arranged to accommodate round this basically the refrigeration machine part (8) of mobile magnetic material.
2. cryogenic magnetic system according to claim 1, wherein, this refrigeration machine is a kind of two-stage refrigeration machine, and this electrically conductive shield centers on the second level (8) of this refrigeration machine basically.
3. cryogenic magnetic system according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, this refrigeration machine is a kind of GM type refrigeration machine, and this magnetic material (14) is a regenerator movably.
4. cryogenic magnetic system according to claim 3, wherein, this refrigeration machine is a kind of two-stage GM type refrigeration machine, and this magnetic material is this second level refrigeration machine.
5. according at preceding any described cryogenic magnetic system of claim, wherein, this refrigeration machine is accommodated in the refrigeration machine branch sleeve (5), described branch sleeve is in the space between this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel and this vacuum jacket basically, and this electrically conductive shield is positioned on the outside of this branch sleeve.
6. according at preceding any described cryogenic magnetic system of claim, wherein, the cooling segment of this refrigeration machine is exposed to the inside of this low-temperature (low temperature) vessel.
7. according at preceding any described cryogenic magnetic system of claim, wherein, the material that constitutes this electrically conductive shield is selected from: aluminium; Copper.
8. cryogenic magnetic system according to claim 7, wherein, the purity of this radome material is at least 99.999%.
9. according at preceding any described cryogenic magnetic system of claim, wherein, this radome comprises at least two building blocks, and described at least two building blocks are in place around this refrigeration machine assembling.
10. according at preceding any described cryogenic magnetic system of claim, basically as described and/or such as shown in drawings.
CN2005800168586A 2004-05-25 2005-05-12 Electrically conductive shield for refrigerator Active CN1957429B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0411603.4 2004-05-25
GB0411603A GB0411603D0 (en) 2004-05-25 2004-05-25 Electromagnetic shield for refrigerator
GB0426534.4 2004-12-03
GB0426534A GB2414539B (en) 2004-05-25 2004-12-03 Electrically conductive shield for refrigerator
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CN104335063A (en) * 2012-06-12 2015-02-04 英国西门子公司 Superconducting magnet apparatus with cryogen vessel
CN106531396A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-03-22 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 Superconduction magnet assembly and maintenance method of same
CN107270576A (en) * 2017-07-03 2017-10-20 浙江磁石科技有限公司 A kind of heat-exchange system of magnetic refrigerator
CN109065342A (en) * 2014-03-24 2018-12-21 苹果公司 Magnetic screen in induction power transmission
CN110446897A (en) * 2017-03-30 2019-11-12 住友重机械工业株式会社 Ultra-low temperature refrigerating device and magnetic shield

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CN106653281A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-10 中国电子科技集团公司第十六研究所 Low-temperature superconducting magnet
CN111863373B (en) * 2019-04-24 2022-03-11 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院（中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院） Superconducting magnet with electromagnetic protection component

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CN104335063A (en) * 2012-06-12 2015-02-04 英国西门子公司 Superconducting magnet apparatus with cryogen vessel
CN109065342A (en) * 2014-03-24 2018-12-21 苹果公司 Magnetic screen in induction power transmission
CN106531396A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-03-22 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 Superconduction magnet assembly and maintenance method of same
CN106531396B (en) * 2016-11-29 2018-04-03 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 The maintaining method of superconducting magnet component and superconducting magnet component
CN110446897A (en) * 2017-03-30 2019-11-12 住友重机械工业株式会社 Ultra-low temperature refrigerating device and magnetic shield
CN107270576A (en) * 2017-07-03 2017-10-20 浙江磁石科技有限公司 A kind of heat-exchange system of magnetic refrigerator

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US20080250793A1 (en) 2008-10-16
GB2414539B (en) 2007-07-25
CN101694802A (en) 2010-04-14
US8171741B2 (en) 2012-05-08
CN1957429B (en) 2010-06-16
GB0411603D0 (en) 2004-06-30
GB2414539A (en) 2005-11-30
CN101694802B (en) 2012-05-30
GB0426534D0 (en) 2005-01-05

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