CN1957183A - 木头和塑料螺钉 - Google Patents

木头和塑料螺钉 Download PDF

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CN1957183A
CN1957183A CNA200680000273XA CN200680000273A CN1957183A CN 1957183 A CN1957183 A CN 1957183A CN A200680000273X A CNA200680000273X A CN A200680000273XA CN 200680000273 A CN200680000273 A CN 200680000273A CN 1957183 A CN1957183 A CN 1957183A
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screw
flank
bar portion
head
angle
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CN100445579C (zh
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E·伦格
R·勒夫勒
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Berna AG Olten
Berner GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0047—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the ridge being characterised by its cross-section in the plane of the shaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0015—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the material being a soft organic material, e.g. wood or plastic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0057—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
    • F16B33/02—Shape of thread; Special thread-forms

Abstract

一木头和塑料螺钉，其具有头部(2)，一基本为圆柱形的杆部(4，6，8)，一尖端和一沿着杆部(8)一直延伸到尖端区域(10)的螺纹(14)，该螺纹包含一尖端侧面和一头部侧面(18，20)，头部侧面角(β1，β2)大于尖端侧面角(α)，并且杆部区域(8)和尖端区域(10)中的尖端侧面角(α)保持基本不变，而尖端区域(10)中的头部侧面角(β1，β2)则大于杆部区域(8)中的尖端侧面角。

Description

木头和塑料螺钉
技术领域
本发明涉及一种木头和塑料螺钉。
背景技术
木头螺钉，也包括胶合板螺钉，其用于尽可能容易且快速地拧入工件，同时具有高抗拔性。塑料螺钉被拧进榫钉，在榫钉中形成高度挤压，从而提供了高度的榫钉抗拔性。
从文献EP0504782 B1已知一种螺钉，其螺钉尖端区域的螺纹，同杆部区域的螺纹相比，具有从略不对称到对称的形状。这种螺钉的特征为，低抗旋转性，较大的脱离扭矩(stripping torque)和良好的拔出值。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种木头和塑料螺钉，它能够被容易地拧入木头和榫钉中，并且具有良好的拔出值。进一步而言，按照本发明的螺钉的制造相对简单。
按照本发明，其可以实现一种木头或者塑料螺钉，所述螺钉具有一头部，一基本为圆柱形的杆部，一尖端和沿杆部一直延伸到尖端区域的螺纹，所述螺纹包括尖端侧面角(flank angle)和头部侧面角，头部侧面角大于尖端侧面角，尖端侧面角在杆部区域和尖端区域保持基本不变，而尖端区域的头部侧面角大于杆部区域的头部侧面角。这里所述侧面角是由相应的带有径向面的侧面相对于螺钉中心轴线构成的夹角。与文献EP0504782 B1相比，本发明使用了相反的方法，其中螺钉尖端区域的螺纹实际上比螺钉杆部区域的螺纹更不对称。此外，由于尖端侧面角在几乎整个螺纹区域保持不变，因此使得螺钉的制造相对简单。不过，尖端区域中的头部侧面角大于杆部区域的头部侧面角，也就是，在螺钉的制造过程中，在尖端区域有更多空间用于材料的转移，这使得制造过程不是很复杂以保证要求的公差。当在榫钉中拧紧的过程中，侧面的几何形状提供了增加的位移，从而提高了拔出值。
由试验结果可知，尖端区域的头部侧面角应当至少比在杆部区域的侧面角大1.4倍。
按照优选实施例，尖端区域的头部侧面角大约是40°，杆部区域的头部侧面角大约是25°，尖端侧面角优选为15°。
当制造螺钉时，侧面角不能被制造成一个精确的角度，同样也不可能在整个螺纹长度上形成一致的侧面角。这就是为什么在本文中角度值必须被自动解读为带有±3度公差。角度保持基本不变的说明，是指允许在±3度的范围内变化。
在靠近头部的部分，螺纹应当向外逐渐变细并带有锐利的边缘，以便保持较低的抗旋转性。在靠近尖端的螺纹部分，侧面的具有较不锋利边缘的锥体或者钝形圆头锥体形成了进入榫钉的不够强的切削，从而实现良好的挤压和更高的拔出值。
当螺钉被拧入木材时，螺纹和头部之间的铣削肋(milling rib)防止螺钉杆部的堵塞。
按照优选实施例，铣削肋布置在杆部区域中，该杆部区域的外径大于带有螺纹的杆部区域的外径。这两个杆部区域通过台肩相互毗连在一起。
此外，按照本发明的木头和塑料螺钉，如果其在杆部区域具有介于螺距和螺纹内径之间的一确定比率，那么这种螺钉则具有非常良好的拧紧特性。这一比率应当在1.3至1.5范围之间，优选在1.3至1.45之间。
附图说明
本发明进一步的特征和优点将从下列说明和附图中变得更加直观。
图1示出了按照本发明的木头和塑料螺钉的放大视图，并且示出杆部区域和尖端区域的螺纹的两个放大细节视图。
具体实施方式
图1所示用于拧入实木、胶合板、榫钉等的螺钉由金属制成，它具有头部2，基本上被分成三个区域4，6和8的杆部和尖端区域10。杆部的区域4为圆柱形，它既没有螺纹也没有任何凸出部。相邻的杆部区域6带有铣削肋12。杆部区域4和6具有同样的直径ds(在区域6中，直径ds是内径)。齿距为p且一直延伸到尖端区域10的双头螺纹14其起点在区域8中。这里，内径d2小于直径ds，从而区域8和区域6通过台肩16互相分隔开。
螺纹14具有一尖端的下侧面18和一头部的上侧面20。杆部区域8中的尖端侧面角α和尖端区域10中的尖端侧面角大约相等，约为15°。侧面角α是相对于径向平面R，即和螺钉的中心轴线或者纵向轴线A垂直的平面测量得到的。
头部侧面角沿着螺钉纵向延伸方向发生改变。在杆部区域8，头部侧面角β1大约为25°。侧面角沿着锥形变细的尖端区域10发生变化。在尖端区域10，侧面角β2大约为40°，因此比杆部区域的侧面角大了至少1.4倍。
如上所述，螺纹14是双头螺纹。螺纹的两条螺线(flight)都几乎一直延伸到螺钉的尖端，并且从轴向方向看去并考虑常规的制造公差，这两条螺线都是从大约相同的轴向高度开始的。这可以在图1中看到，在其左下侧的放大视图中，示例出第一条螺纹的起始位置，第二条螺纹在相对侧开始，并且在同一轴向高度偏转了180°。一直突出到尖端的所述双头螺纹能够导致螺钉在木头和榫钉中的快速和良好的咬合，并且实现了快速的拧入。该双头螺纹一直延伸到头部的螺纹端。
所述螺钉的另一个重要特性是螺纹侧面以不同程度的锐利边缘终止(run-out)。在靠近头部的螺纹部分的区域中，即大约对应于从螺纹上部三分之二到四分之三的区域，侧面18和20向外逐渐变细并具有锐利的边缘。在下部的三分之一或者四分之一处，即靠近尖端的螺纹部分中，侧面18和20逐渐变细并具有不很锐利的边缘，优选为甚至轻微钝形，它不必同侧面角自身相关，但是与螺纹的结构相关。侧面尖端甚至可以为圆形或者断开的侧面尖端，其在榫钉中提供了减小了的螺纹切削，从而提供更好的榫钉的挤压力以及更高的拔出值。尖端区域更大的侧面角β2进一步支持了这一特性。
此外，如图3所示拥有34°的顶锥角也是值得注目的。所述34°的顶锥角与尖端区域中的螺纹的内径相关。不过，在所述螺钉中，如果切线位于头部侧的螺纹端(比较图1中34°的上部角)，那么顶锥角保持不变。
杆部区域8中的螺距p和螺纹内径d2(d1是头部直径)的比率应当在1.3到1.5之间，以便为较低的拧紧力矩获取良好的抗拔性。

Claims (10)

1.一木头和塑料螺钉，其具有头部(2)，一基本为圆柱形的杆部(4，6，8)，一尖端和一沿着杆部(8)一直延伸到尖端区域(10)的螺纹(14)，该螺纹包含一尖端侧面和一头部侧面(18、20)，头部侧面角(β1，β2)大于尖端侧面角(α)，并且杆部区域(8)和尖端区域(10)中的尖端侧面角(α)保持基本不变，而尖端区域(10)中的头部侧面角(β1，β2)、大于杆部区域(8)中的尖端侧面角。
2.如权利要求1所述的木头和塑料螺钉，其特征在于，在尖端区域(10)中，头部侧面角(β2)大于杆部区域(8)中的头部侧面角至少1.4倍。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的木头和塑料螺钉，其特征在于，尖端区域(10)中的头部侧面角(β2)大约为40°。
4.如前述任一权利要求所述的木头和塑料螺钉，其特征在于，杆部区域(8)中的头部侧面角(β1)大约为25°。
5.如前述任一权利要求所述的木头和塑料螺钉，其特征在于，在靠近头部的部分，螺纹(14)向外逐渐变细并具有锐利的边缘。
6.如前述任一权利要求所述的木头和塑料螺钉，其特征在于，在靠近尖端的部分，螺纹(14)以圆头状的方式变细或者具有比靠近头部部分的螺纹更不锐利的边缘。
7.如前述任一权利要求所述的木头和塑料螺钉，其特征在于，带有铣削肋(12)的杆部区域(6)位于螺纹(14)和头部(2)之间。
8.如权利要求7所述的木头和塑料螺钉，其特征在于，带有铣削肋(12)的杆部区域(6)通过台肩(16)邻接带有螺纹(14)的杆部区域(8)。
9.如前述任一权利要求所述的木头和塑料螺钉，其特征在于，螺纹(14)是双头螺纹，其中，两条螺线都伸出到尖端区域(10)，并且相对于轴向在大约同样的高度上开始。
10.如前述任一权利要求所述的木头螺钉，其特征在于，杆部区域(8)中螺距(p)和螺纹内径(d2)的比率在1.3到1.5的范围内。
CNB200680000273XA 2005-04-22 2006-04-21 木头或塑料螺钉 Expired - Fee Related CN100445579C (zh)

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EP (1) EP1751436B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4008956B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN100445579C (zh)
AT (1) ATE376626T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2006235952B8 (zh)
CY (1) CY1107135T1 (zh)
DE (2) DE202005006493U1 (zh)
DK (1) DK1751436T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2296281T3 (zh)
PL (1) PL1751436T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT1751436E (zh)
RU (1) RU2335666C2 (zh)
SI (1) SI1751436T1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2006111412A1 (zh)

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AU2006235952A8 (en) 2008-12-11
CN100445579C (zh) 2008-12-24
AU2006235952B8 (en) 2008-12-11
RU2006139934A (ru) 2008-05-20
DK1751436T3 (da) 2008-02-18
JP2008510117A (ja) 2008-04-03
WO2006111412A1 (de) 2006-10-26
ATE376626T1 (de) 2007-11-15
EP1751436B1 (de) 2007-10-24
DE502006000150D1 (de) 2007-12-06
SI1751436T1 (sl) 2008-04-30
EP1751436A1 (de) 2007-02-14
DE202005006493U1 (de) 2005-06-23
AU2006235952B2 (en) 2008-03-20
AU2006235952A1 (en) 2006-11-30
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PT1751436E (pt) 2008-01-15
PL1751436T3 (pl) 2008-03-31

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