CN1957055A - 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone refrigerant compositions comprising a hydrocarbon and uses thereof - Google Patents
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone refrigerant compositions comprising a hydrocarbon and uses thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1957055A CN1957055A CN 200580016476 CN200580016476A CN1957055A CN 1957055 A CN1957055 A CN 1957055A CN 200580016476 CN200580016476 CN 200580016476 CN 200580016476 A CN200580016476 A CN 200580016476A CN 1957055 A CN1957055 A CN 1957055A
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Abstract
Disclosed herein are refrigerant and heat transfer fluid compositions comprising 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone and at least one hydrocarbon. These compositions are useful in refrigeration and air conditioning systems that employ a centrifugal compressor. Also disclosed herein are azeotropic or near azeotropic refrigerant and heat transfer fluid compositions comprising 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone and at least one hydrocarbon.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the right of priority of U.S. Provisional Application of submitting on May 26th, 2,004 60/575,037 and the U.S. Provisional Application of submitting on June 29th, 2,004 60/584,785.
Background technology
1. technical field
The present invention relates to be used to freeze and the composition of air-conditioning system, it comprises 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione (PEIK) and at least a hydrocarbon.In addition, the present invention relates to be used to use the composition of the refrigeration and the air-conditioning system of centrifugal compressor, it comprises at least a hydrocarbon and 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione (PEIK).Composition of the present invention can be an azeotropic or near azeotropic, is used for refrigeration or heats or as heat-transfer fluid.
2. description of related art
Refrigeration industry is devoted in the past few decades to seek and is used for because Montreal draft and the ozone-depleting Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) (CFC) of progressively eliminating and the alternative refrigerant of Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC).Solution for most of refrigeration agent producers is to make the commercialization of hydrogen fluorohydrocarbon (HFC) refrigeration agent.New HFC refrigeration agent (the most widely used HFC-134a of being now) has the zero ozone depletion potentiality, therefore is not subjected to the regulation in force that the Montreal draft causes and the influence that it is progressively eliminated.
In addition, legislations of environmental protection also may finally make some HFC refrigeration agent progressively eliminate in the world.Now, automotive industry faces the regulations about the global warming potential of the refrigeration agent of motor-driven idle call.Therefore, be starved of the new refrigerant of the global warming potential that is identified for automative air conditioning market now with reduction.If this regulations are used in the future more extensively, will need to can be used for freezing more urgently so and the refrigeration agent of all areas of air conditioner industry.
The refrigeration agent of the alternative HFC-134a that proposes comprises HFC-152a, pure hydrocarbon such as butane or propane or " natural " refrigeration agent such as CO now
2Or ammonia.These suggestions many in surrogates are deleterious, inflammable and/or low efficiency.Therefore people constantly seek new alternatives.
The purpose of this invention is to provide new refrigerant composition and the heat-transfer fluid of comparing the peculiar property of requirement with existing refrigeration agent with the global warming potential that meets low or zero ozone depletion potentiality and reduction.
Summary of the invention
The composition that the present invention relates to is selected from:
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,2-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylpentane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-ethylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and hexanaphthenes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and pentamethylene;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and normal heptanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and methylcyclopentanes; With
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and Skellysolve As.
The invention further relates to the above-mentioned composition of the refrigeration or the air-conditioning system that are particularly useful for using centrifugal compressor.
The invention further relates to and be particularly useful for using the refrigeration of multistage or secondary centrifugal compressor or the above-mentioned composition of air-conditioning system.
The invention further relates to and be particularly useful for using the one way/refrigeration of veneer centrifugal compressor or the above-mentioned composition of air-conditioning system.
The invention further relates to azeotropic or near the azeotropic refrigerant composition.These compositions can be used in refrigeration or the air-conditioning system.Said composition also can be used for using in the refrigeration or air-conditioning system of centrifugal compressor.
The invention further relates to and be used to use inventive composition to freeze, heat and heat is passed to from thermal source the method for heat sink (heat sink).
Embodiment
The applicant introduces the full content of all reference of quoting in this disclosure especially.In addition, when an amount, concentration or other value or parameter provide with scope, preferable range or the form of listing preferred higher limit and lower value, it is interpreted as specifically disclosing all by any a pair of upper limit or preferred value and lower limit or the formed scope of preferred value, and no matter whether this scope disclosed independently.Wherein, except as otherwise noted, when this enumerated numerical range, this scope intention comprised the end value of this scope, and all integers and the mark of this scope.When scope of definition, be not intended to the occurrence that scope of the present invention is confined to enumerate.
Refrigerant composition of the present invention comprises 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione (PEIK) and at least a hydrocarbon.Refrigerant composition of the present invention can comprise the mixture of hydrocarbon or independent hydrocarbon.
Hydrocarbon of the present invention comprises and comprises hydrogen and carbon compound.This hydrocarbon can be straight chain, side chain or ring compound, has about 5 to 10 carbon atoms.Preferred hydrocarbon has 5-7 carbon atom.Representational hydrocarbon of the present invention is listed in the table 1.
The representative compounds that can be used as the component of the present composition is listed in the table 1.
Table 1
| Compound | Chemical formula | Chemical name | The CAS registration number |
| PEIK | CF 3CF 2C(O)CF(CF 3) 2 | 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones (or perfluor ethyl nezukone) | 756-13-8 |
| Hydrocarbon | |||
| CH 3CH 2C(CH 3) 3 | 2, the 2-dimethylbutane | 75-83-2 | |
| CH 3CH(CH 3)CH(CH 3)- CH 3 | 2, the 3-dimethylbutane | 79-29-8 | |
| CH 3CH(CH 3)CH(CH 3)- CH 2CH 3 | 2, the 3-dimethylpentane | 565-59-3 | |
| CH 3CH(CH 3)CH 2CH 2- CH 2CH 3 | The 2-methyl hexane | 591-76-4 | |
| CH 3CH 2CH(CH 3)CH 2- CH 2CH 3 | The 3-methyl hexane | 589-34-4 | |
| CH 3CH(CH 3)CH 2CH 2- CH 3 | The 2-methylpentane | 107-83-5 | |
| CH 3CH 2CH(CH 2CH 3)- CH 2CH 3 | The 3-ethylpentane | 617-78-7 | |
| CH 3CH 2CH(CH 3)CH 2- CH 3 | The 3-methylpentane | 96-14-0 | |
| cyclo- CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2- CH 2- | Hexanaphthene | 110-82-7 | |
| cyclo- CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2- | Pentamethylene | 287-92-3 | |
| CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2- CH 2CH 3 | Normal heptane | 142-82-5 | |
| Cyclo-CH 2CH(CH 3)CH 2- CH 2CH 2- | Methylcyclopentane | 96-37-7 | |
| CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 3 | Skellysolve A | 109-66-0 | |
| CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2- CH 3 | Hexane | 110-54-3 | |
Being listed in compound in the table 1 can be purchased maybe and can pass through known method of prior art or preparation as described below.1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione (PEIK) also can be from 3M
TM(St.Paul Minnesota) is purchased.
Composition of the present invention has low or zero ozone depletion and low global warming potential.For example, independent or all lower than the many HFC refrigeration agents that use now as the global warming potential of the hydrocarbon of mixture and PEIK.
Composition of the present invention can come to prepare in conjunction with the various components of desired amount by any method easily.Preferred method is the component of desired amount of weighing, subsequently with the combination in suitable containers of described component.If wish, then can use stirring.
Refrigeration agent of the present invention or heat transfer compositions comprise 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione (PEIK) and be selected from following hydrocarbon:
2, the 2-dimethylbutane;
2, the 3-dimethylbutane;
2, the 3-dimethylpentane;
The 2-methyl hexane;
The 3-methyl hexane;
The 2-methylpentane;
The 3-ethylpentane;
The 3-methylpentane;
Hexanaphthene;
Pentamethylene;
Normal heptane;
Methylcyclopentane; With
Skellysolve A.
Refrigeration of the present invention or heat transfer compositions can be azeotropic or near the azeotropic composition.The azeotropic composition is meant to have and is higher or lower than the liquid mixture that respectively makes up boiling point.The azeotropic composition during operation not can the refrigeration or air-conditioning system in fractionation, fractionation can reduce the efficient of system.In addition, fractionation can not take place in the azeotropic composition from refrigeration or air-conditioning system seepage the time.Under the inflammable situation of a kind of component of mixture, will in system or outside system, form combustible composition in generation fractionation during the seepage.
Near the azeotropic composition is to show to such an extent that resemble single azeotropic basically liquid mixture of planting two or more materials of material basically.Sign is that steam that part evaporation or distillation by described liquid produce has and takes place to evaporate or the substantially the same composition of distillatory liquid near the mode of azeotropic composition, and promptly mixture distills/refluxes and forms significant change does not take place.Sign is that described composition is substantially the same in the bubble point vapour pressure and the dew point vapour pressure of specified temp near the another way of azeotropic composition.In this article, if for example by after evaporation or boiling the composition of removing 50 weight %, initial composition and remove the initial composition of 50 weight % after steam pressure difference between the remaining composition less than about 10%, then said composition is near azeotropic.
Azeotrope refrigerant composition of the present invention is listed in the table 2.
Table 2
| Compd A | Compd B | Azeotrope concentration | Azeotrope BP (℃) | |
| Wt％A | Wt％B | |||
| PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK PEIK | 2; 2-dimethylbutane 2; 3-dimethylbutane 2,3-dimethyl pentane 2-methyl hexane 3-methyl hexane 2-methylpentane 3-ethylpentane 3-methylpentane cyclohexane ring pentane normal heptane methyl cyclopentane pentane | 75.0 81.4 93.8 93.2 93.8 82.4 96.2 84.2 92.4 75.7 96.4 88.9 64.3 | 25.0 18.6 6.2 6.8 6.2 17.6 3.8 15.8 7.6 24.3 3.6 11.1 35.7 | 34.1 37.2 46.7 46.4 46.7 39.5 48.2 40.7 46.5 36.8 48.0 44.7 26.6 |
The present invention is listed in the table 3 near azeotropic refrigerant composition and concentration range.
Table 3
| Compound (A/B) | Near azeotropic concentration range wt%A/wt%B |
| PEIK/2; 2-dimethylbutane PEIK/2; 3-dimethylbutane PEIK/2,3-dimethyl pentane PEIK/2-methyl hexane PEIK/3-methyl hexane PEIK/2-methylpentane PEIK/3-ethylpentane PEIK/3-methylpentane PEIK/ cyclohexane PEIK/ pentamethylene PEIK/ normal heptane PEIK/ methyl cyclopentane PEIK/ pentane | 52-89/48-11 60-92/40-8 71-99/29-1 70-99/30-1 71-99/29-1 60-93/40-7 72-99/28-1 62-95/38-5 68-99/32-1 51-92/49-8 73-99/27-1 65-99/35-1 42-84/58-16 |
The present composition can further comprise stablizer, free-radical scavengers or the antioxidant of about 0.01-5 weight %.But these additives comprise and are not limited to Nitromethane 99Min., sterically hindered phenol, azanol, mercaptan, phosphorous acid ester or lactone.Can use independent additive or its combination.
The present composition can further comprise the water scavenging agent (the dry compound of using) of about 0.01-5 weight %.This water scavenging agent can comprise ortho ester such as trimethyl orthoformate, triethyl orthoformate or tripropyl orthoformate.
The present composition can further comprise ultraviolet (UV) dyestuff and optional solubilizing agent.The UV dyestuff is the useful component that is used to detect the leakage of refrigerant composition, its by make people among refrigeration or conditioning unit or near the leakage point fluorescence of observing the dyestuff in refrigeration agent or the heat transfer fluid composition detect.People can observe the fluorescence of dyestuff under ultraviolet ray.Need solubilizing agent to be because the solubleness of this UV dyestuff in some refrigeration agents is low.
" ultraviolet " dyestuff is meant the UV fluorescent composition of the light that absorbs the ultraviolet be in electromagnetic spectrum or " closely " ultraviolet region.Can detect the fluorescence that is produced by the UV fluorescence dye by under the ultraviolet lamp illumination, this ultraviolet lamp emission wavelength is the radiation of 10-750 nanometer.Therefore, if when the known point of the refrigeration agent that comprises this UV fluorescence dye from refrigeration or air-conditioning plant leaks, can detect fluorescence at this leakage point.This UV fluorescence dye includes, but are not limited to naphthalimide, perylene, tonka bean camphor, anthracene, phenanthracenes, xanthene, thioxanthene, naphthoxanthene, fluorescein and its derivative or combination.
Solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises and is selected from following at least a compound: hydrocarbon, hydrocarbyl ether, polyoxyalkylene glycols ether, acid amides, nitrile, ketone, hydrochloric ether, ester, lactone, aryl ethers, fluoroether and 1,1,1-trifluoro alkane.
Hydrocarbon solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises the hydrocarbon that comprises line style, side chain or cyclic alkane or alkene, and it comprises 5 or carbon atom still less, only comprises hydrogen and does not have other functional group.Representational hydrocarbon solubilizing agent comprises propane, propylene, cyclopropane, normal butane, Trimethylmethane and Skellysolve A.It should be noted that then solubilizing agent can need not to be identical hydrocarbon if refrigeration agent is a hydrocarbon.And it should be noted that the refrigerant composition that comprises hydrocarbon can not need solubilizing agent, because this refrigeration agent may dissolve in the UV fluorescent substance.
Hydrocarbyl ether solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises the ether that only comprises carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, as dme (DME).
Polyoxyalkylene glycols ether solubilizing agent of the present invention is by formula R
1[(OR
2)
xOR
3]
yExpression, x is the integer of 1-3; Y is the integer of 1-4; R
1Be selected from hydrogen and aliphatic hydrocarbyl with 1-6 carbon atom and y bonding position; R
2Be selected from the aliphatic alkylene of 2-4 carbon atom; R
3Be selected from hydrogen and aliphatic series and alicyclic hydrocarbon radical with 1-6 carbon atom; R
1And R
3Be described alkyl one of at least; And the molecular weight of wherein said polyoxyalkylene glycols ether is about 100-300 atomic mass unit.By R
1[(OR
2)
xOR
3]
yIn the polyoxyalkylene glycols ether solubilizing agent of the present invention of expression: x is 1-2 preferably; Y preferably 1; R
1And R
3Preferably be independently selected from hydrogen and aliphatic hydrocarbyl with 1-4 carbon atom; R
2Be preferably selected from and have 2 or 3 carbon atoms, most preferably the aliphatic alkylene of 3 carbon atoms; The preferably about 100-250 atomic mass unit of the molecular weight of this polyoxyalkylene glycols ether most preferably is about 125-250 atomic mass unit.R with 1-6 carbon atom
1And R
3Hydrocarbyl group can be line style, side chain or cyclic.Representational R
1And R
3Alkyl comprises methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl, the tertiary butyl, amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.Wherein the free hydroxyl on polyoxyalkylene glycols ether solubilizing agent of the present invention may with the structured material of some compression refrigeration equipment (Mylar for example
) under the inconsistent situation, R
1And R
3Preferably have 1-4 carbon atom, most preferably the aliphatic hydrocarbyl of 1 carbon atom.Aliphatic alkylene R with 2-4 carbon atom
2Form oxyalkylene recurring group-(OR
2)
x-, it comprises ethylene oxide group, propylene oxide group and butylene oxide groups.In a polyoxyalkylene glycols ether solubilizing agent molecule, comprise R
2Oxyalkylene group can be identical, or a molecule can comprise different R
2Oxyalkylene group.Polyoxyalkylene glycols ether solubilizing agent of the present invention preferably includes at least one propylene oxide group.At R
1Be to have under the situation of the aliphatic series of 1-6 carbon atom and y bonding position or alicyclic hydrocarbon radical, this group can be line style, side chain or cyclic.Representative R with 2 bonding positions
1Aliphatic hydrocarbon group comprises, for example ethylidene, propylidene, butylidene, pentylidene, hexylidene, cyclopentylidene and cyclohexylidene.Representative R with 3 or 4 bonding positions
1Aliphatic hydrocarbyl comprises by removing its hydroxyl derived from residue of polyol, described polyvalent alcohol such as TriMethylolPropane(TMP), glycerine, tetramethylolmethane, 1,2,3-trihydroxy-hexanaphthene and 1,3,5-trihydroxy-hexanaphthene.
Representational polyoxyalkylene diols ether solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: CH
3OCH
2CH (CH
3) O (H or CH
3) (propylene glycol methyl (or dimethyl) ether), CH
3O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or CH
3) (dipropylene glycol methyl (or dimethyl) ether), CH
3O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or CH
3) (tripropylene glycol methyl (or dimethyl) ether), C
2H
5OCH
2CH (CH
3) O (H or C
2H
5) (propylene glycol ethyl (or diethyl) ether), C
2H
5O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or C
2H
5) (dipropylene glycol ethyl (or diethyl) ether), C
2H
5O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or C
2H
5) (tripropylene glycol ethyl (or diethyl) ether), C
3H
7OCH
2CH (CH
3) O (H or C
3H
7) (propylene glycol n-propyl (or di) ether), C
3H
7O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or C
3H
7) (dipropylene glycol n-propyl (perhaps di) ether, C
3H
7O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or C
3H
7) (tripropylene glycol n-propyl (or di) ether, C
4H
9OCH
2CH (CH
3) OH (propylene glycol n-butyl ether), C
4H
9O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or C
4H
9) (dipropylene glycol normal-butyl (or di-n-butyl) ether, C
4H
9O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or C
4H
9) (tripropylene glycol normal-butyl (or di-n-butyl) ether, (CH
3)
3COCH
2CH (CH
3) OH (glycol tertiary butyl ether), (CH
3)
3CO[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or (CH
3)
3) (the dipropylene glycol tertiary butyl (or di-t-butyl) ether), (CH
3)
3CO[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or (CH
3)
3) (the tripropylene glycol tertiary butyl (or di-t-butyl) ether), C
5H
11OCH
2CH (CH
3) OH (propylene glycol n-pentyl ether), C
4H
9OCH
2CH (C
2H
5) OH (butyleneglycol n-butyl ether), C
4H
9O[CH
2CH (C
2H
5) O]
2H (dibutylene glycol n-butyl ether), trimethylolpropane tris n-butyl ether (C
2H
5C (CH
2O (CH
2)
3CH
3)
3) and TriMethylolPropane(TMP) di-n-butyl ether (C
2H
5C (CH
2OC (CH
2)
3CH
3)
2CH
2OH).
Acid amides solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by formula R
1CONR
2R
3And ring-type-[R
4CON (R
5Those of representative)-], wherein R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Be independently selected from aliphatic series or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1-12 carbon atom; R
4Be selected from aliphatic alkylene group with 3-12 carbon atom; Have about 100 molecular weight with wherein said acid amides to about 300 atomic mass units.The molecular weight of described acid amides is preferably about 160 to about 250 atomic mass units.R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Can randomly contain the hydrocarbyl group that is substituted, that is to say, contain the substituent group of nonhydrocarbon that is selected from halogen (for example fluorine, chlorine) and alkoxyl group (for example methoxyl group).R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5The alkyl that heteroatoms replaces be can randomly contain, promptly in the group chain of originally forming, nitrogen (aza), oxygen (oxa) or sulphur (thia) atom contained by carbon atom.Usually, at R
1-3In will be no more than 3 for existing non-hydrocarbon substituent of per 10 carbon atoms and heteroatoms, preferably be no more than 1, and any so non-hydrocarbon substituent and heteroatomic existence must be considered using under the above-mentioned molecular weight restriction.Preferred acid amides solubilizing agent is made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.Representational R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Aliphatic series and cyclic aliphatic alkyl group comprise methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl, the tertiary butyl, amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and their constitutional isomer.A preferred embodiment of acid amides solubilizing agent is wherein at above-mentioned formula ring-type-[R
4CON (R
5R in)-]
4Can use alkylene group (CR
6R
7)
nThose of representative, i.e. formula: ring-type-[(CR
6R
7)
nCON (R
5)-], wherein above-mentioned molecular weight values still is suitable for; N is the integer of 3-5; R
5It is the stable hydrocarbon group that contains 1-12 carbon atom; R
6And R
7The definition R that provides above is provided (for each n)
1-3Qualification.By formula ring-type-[(CR
6R
7)
nCON (R
5In the lactone of representative)-], all R
6And R
7Be preferably hydrogen, perhaps in n MU (methylene unit), contain a saturated hydrocarbyl group, R
5It is the stable hydrocarbon group that contains 3-12 carbon atom.For example, 1-(stable hydrocarbon group)-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-ketone.
Representational acid amides solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 1-octyl group pyrrolidin-2-one, 1-decyl pyrrolidin-2-one, 1-octyl group-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-ketone, 1-butyl caprolactone, 1-cyclohexyl pyrrolidin-2-one, 1-butyl-5-methyl piperidine-2-ketone, 1-amyl group-5-methyl piperidine-2-ketone, 1-hexyl hexanolactam, 1-hexyl-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-ketone, 5-methyl-1-pentene phenylpiperidines-2-ketone, 1,3-lupetidine-2-ketone, the 1-methyl caprolactam, 1-butyl-pyrrolidin-2-one, 1,5-lupetidine-2-ketone, 1-decyl-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-ketone, 1-dodecyl pyrrolidin-2-one, N, N-dibutyl formamide and N, N-di-isopropyl ethanamide.
Ketone solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by formula R
1COR
2The ketone of representative, wherein R
1And R
2Be independently selected from aliphatic series, cyclic aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbyl and wherein said ketone and have about 70 molecular weight to about 300 atomic mass units with 1-12 carbon atom.R in described ketone
1And R
2Preferably be independently selected from aliphatic series and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1-9 carbon atom.The molecular weight of described ketone is preferably about 100 to 200 atomic mass units.R
1And R
2Be connected to form the alkylene group together and form five yuan, the cyclic ketone of hexa-atomic or seven-membered ring, for example cyclopentanone, pimelinketone and suberone.R
1And R
2Can randomly comprise the hydrocarbyl group that is substituted, promptly contain the substituent group of nonhydrocarbon that is selected from halogen (for example fluorine, chlorine) and alkoxyl group (for example methoxyl group).R
1And R
2Can randomly comprise the alkyl that heteroatoms replaces, promptly in the group chain of originally forming, contain by carbon atom nitrogen (aza), oxygen (keto, oxa) or sulphur (thia) atom.Usually, at R
1And R
2In will be no more than 3 for existing non-hydrocarbon substituent of per 10 carbon atoms and heteroatoms, preferably be no more than 1, and any so non-hydrocarbon substituent and heteroatomic existence must be considered using under the above-mentioned molecular weight restriction.At general formula R
1COR
2In representational R
1And R
2Aliphatic series, cyclic aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbyl group comprise methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl, the tertiary butyl, amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and their constitutional isomer, and phenyl, benzyl, cumenyl, base, tolyl, xylyl and styroyl.
Representational ketone solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 2-butanone, 2 pentanone, methyl phenyl ketone, butyrophenone, amyl group phenyl ketone, pimelinketone, suberone, 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, 5 methy 12 hexanone, methyln-hexyl ketone, 3-octanone, diisobutyl ketone, 4-ethyl cyclohexanone, methyl n-heptyl ketone, butyl ketone, 2-decanone, propyl hexyl ketone, 2-decalone, methyl n-undecyl ketone, dihexyl ketone and dicyclohexyl ketone.
Nitrile solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by formula R
1The nitrile of CN representative, wherein R
1Be selected from the aliphatic series, cyclic aliphatic or the aromatic hydrocarbon radical that contain 5-12 carbon atom, and wherein said nitrile have about 90 molecular weight to about 200 atomic mass units.R in described nitrile solubilizing agent
1Be preferably selected from aliphatic series and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group with 8-10 carbon atom.The molecular weight of described nitrile solubilizing agent is preferably about 120 to about 140 atomic mass units.R
1Can randomly comprise the hydrocarbyl group that is substituted, promptly contain the substituent group of nonhydrocarbon that is selected from halogen (for example fluorine, chlorine) and alkoxyl group (for example methoxyl group).R
1Can randomly comprise the alkyl that heteroatoms replaces, promptly in the group chain of originally forming, contain by carbon atom nitrogen (aza), oxygen (keto, oxa) or sulphur (thia) atom.Usually, at R
1In the non-hydrocarbon substituent and the heteroatoms that exist for per 10 carbon atoms will be no more than 3, preferably be no more than 1, and any so non-hydrocarbon substituent and heteroatomic existence must be considered using under the above-mentioned molecular weight restriction.At general formula R
1Representational R among the CN
1Aliphatic series, cyclic aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon radical comprise amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and their constitutional isomer, and phenyl, benzyl, cumenyl, base, tolyl, xylyl and styroyl.Representational nitrile solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 1-cyano group pentane, 2,2-dimethyl-4-cyano group pentane, 1-cyano group hexane, 1-cyano group heptane, 1-cyano group octane, 2-cyano group octane, 1-cyano group nonane, 1-cyano group decane, 2-cyano group decane, 1-cyano group undecane and 1-cyano group dodecane.
Hydrochloric ether solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by formula RCl
xThe hydrochloric ether of representative, wherein x is selected from 1 or 2 integer; R is selected from aliphatic series and the cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1-12 carbon atom; And wherein said hydrochloric ether has about 100 molecular weight to about 200 atomic mass units.The molecular weight of described hydrochloric ether solubilizing agent is preferably about 120 to 150 atomic mass units.At general formula R Cl
xIn representational R aliphatic series and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group comprise methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl, the tertiary butyl, amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and their constitutional isomer.
Representational hydrochloric ether solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 3-(chloromethyl)-pentane, 3-chloro-3-methylpentane, 1-chlorohexane, 1,6-dichloro hexane, 1-chloroheptane, 1-chloro-octane, 1-chlorononane, 1-chlorodecane and 1,1,1-three chlorodecanes.
Ester solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by general formula R
1CO
2R
2The ester of representative, wherein R
1And R
2Be independently selected from line style and ring-type, saturated and undersaturated alkyl and aromatic yl group.Preferred ester is made of Elements C, H and O basically, has about 80 molecular weight to about 550 atomic mass units.
Representational ester includes but not limited to: (CH
3)
2CHCH
2OOC (CH
2)
2-4OCOCH
2CH (CH
3)
2(diisobutyl dibasic ester), ethyl hexanoate, oil of cognac, n-butyl propionate, propionic acid n-propyl, ethyl benzoate, n-propyl phthalate, phenylformic acid ethoxy ethyl ester, dipropyl carbonate, " Exxate 700 " (commercially available acetate C
7Alkyl ester), " Exxate 800 " (commercially available acetate C
8Alkyl ester), dibutyl phthalate, and tert.-butyl acetate.
Lactone solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by structure [A], the lactone of [B] and [C] representative:
These lactones contain functional group-CO in six-ring (A) or preferred five-ring (B)
2-, wherein for structure [A] and [B], R
1-R
8Be independently selected from hydrogen or line style, branching, ring-type, two ring-types, saturated and undersaturated hydrocarbyl group.Each R
1-R
8Can with another R
1-R
8Be connected and form ring.As in structure [C], lactone can have the outer alkylidene group of ring, wherein R
1-R
6Be independently selected from hydrogen or line style, branching, ring-type, two ring-types, saturated and undersaturated hydrocarbyl group.Each R
1-R
6Can with another R
1-R
6Be connected and form ring.This lactone solubilizing agent has about 80 to about 300 atomic mass units, preferred about 80 molecular weight to about 200 atomic mass units.
Representational lactone solubilizing agent includes but not limited to list in the compound in the table 4.
Table 4
Lactone solubilizing agent has the kinematic viscosity that is lower than about 7 centistokes usually under 40 ℃.For example equally under 40 ℃, γ-Shi Yineizhi has 5.4 centistokes and cis-(3-hexyl-5-methyl)-dihydrofuran-2-ketone has the kinematic viscosity of 4.5 centistokes.Lactone solubilizing agent can be commercially available or be prepared by the method described in the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of submitting on August 3rd, 2,004 10/910495 (the invention people be P.J.Fagan and C.J.Brandenburg), and the document is hereby incorporated by.
Aryl ethers solubilizing agent of the present invention further comprises by formula R
1OR
2The aryl ethers of representative, wherein, R
1Be selected from aryl hydrocarbyl group with 6-12 carbon atom; R
2Be selected from aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1-4 carbon atom; And wherein said aryl ethers has about 100 molecular weight to about 150 atomic mass units.At general formula R
1OR
2In representative R
1Aromatic yl group comprises phenyl, xenyl, cumenyl, base, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl and pyridyl.At general formula R
1OR
2The representative R of Shen
2Aliphatic hydrocarbon group comprises methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl and the tertiary butyl.Representational aromatic oxide solubilizing agent includes but not limited to methyl phenyl ether (methyl-phenoxide), 1,3-dimethoxy benzene, ethylphenyl ether and butyl phenylate.
Fluoroether solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by general formula R
1OCF
2CF
2Those of H representative, wherein R
1Be to be selected to have about 5 aliphatic series and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups, be preferably primary, line style, saturated alkyl group to about 15 carbon atoms.Representational fluoroether solubilizing agent includes but not limited to C
8H
17OCF
2CF
2H and C
6H
13OCF
2CF
2H.Should be noted that if refrigeration agent is a fluoroether solubilizing agent can not be same fluoroether so.
Fluoroether solubilizing agent can further comprise the ether derived from fluoroolefins and polyvalent alcohol.Fluoroolefins can be CF
2=CXY type, wherein X is hydrogen, chlorine or fluorine, Y is chlorine, fluorine CF
3Or OR
f, R wherein
fBe CF
3, C
2F
5Or C
3F
7Representational fluoroolefins is tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, R 1216 and perfluoro methyl vinyl ether.Polyvalent alcohol can be HOCH
2CRR ' (CH
2)
z(CHOH)
xCH
2(CH
2OH)
yType, wherein R and R ' are hydrogen, CH
3Or C
2H
5, x is the integer of 0-4, and y is the integer of 0-3, and z is 0 or 1.Representational polyvalent alcohol is TriMethylolPropane(TMP), tetramethylolmethane, butyleneglycol and ethylene glycol.
Of the present invention 1,1,1-trifluoro alkane solubilizing agent comprises by general formula CF
3R
11,1 of representative, 1-trifluoro alkane, wherein R
1Be be selected from have about 5 to the aliphatic series of about 15 carbon atoms and the hydrocarbyl group of cyclic aliphatic, be preferably primary, line style, saturated alkyl.Representational 1,1,1-trifluoro alkane solubilizing agent includes but not limited to 1,1,1-trifluoro hexane and 1,1,1-trifluoro dodecane.
Solubilizing agent of the present invention can exist with the simplification compound, perhaps can exist with the mixture more than a kind of solubilizing agent.The mixture of solubilizing agent can contain two kinds of solubilizing agent from similar compound, as two kinds of lactones or from two kinds of two kinds of dissimilar solubilizing agent, for example lactone and polyoxyalkylene diols ethers.
In the present composition that contains refrigeration agent and UV fluorescence dye, the UV dyestuff accounts for about 0.001-1.0 weight % of composition, preferably about 0.005-0.5 weight %, most preferably 0.01-0.25 weight %.
The solvability of these UV fluorescence dyes may be relatively poor in refrigeration agent.Therefore, the method with these dyestuffs introducing refrigeration or conditioning unit may be difficult to use, consume money and consuming time.U.S. Patent No. RE36951 discloses a kind of method, and its use can add the dye powder in the refrigeration or the parts of conditioning unit, the solid spherolite or the slurry of dyestuff.Because refrigeration agent and lubricant circulate in entire equipment, so dyestuff dissolves in entire equipment or disperses and be transmitted.Put down in writing in the literature with dyestuff be incorporated into the refrigeration or conditioning unit in many additive methods.
Ideally, the UV fluorescence dye can be dissolved in refrigeration agent itself, thereby does not need to introduce any special methods of refrigeration or conditioning unit.The present invention relates to comprise the composition of UV fluorescence dye, it can enter in the refrigeration agent by drawing-in system.Composition of the present invention contains the refrigeration agent of dyestuff with allowing even stores at low temperatures and transport, and simultaneously dyestuff is remained in the solution.
In the present composition that comprises refrigeration agent, UV fluorescence dye and solubilizing agent, the solubilizing agent in the refrigeration agent accounts for about 1-50 weight % of the composition of merging, preferably about 2-25 weight % and 5-15 weight % most preferably from about.In composition of the present invention, the UV fluorescence dye in the refrigeration agent is with about 0.001-1.0 weight %, preferred 0.005-0.5 weight % and most preferably the concentration of 0.01-0.25 weight % exist.
Randomly, normally used refrigeration system additives can be added in the composition of the present invention on demand, to strengthen the property and system stability.These additives are that refrigerating field is known, include but not limited to anti-wear agent, extreme pressure lubricant, corrosion and oxidation retarder, metal surface passivant, free-radical scavengers and Foam Control.Usually, these additives are with being present on a small quantity in the composition of the present invention with respect to whole composition.For every kind of used additive, typical concn is for being lower than about 0.1 weight % extremely up to about 3 weight %.These additives are selected based on the requirement of each system.These additives comprise the member of the triaryl phosphate family of EP (superpressure) slip additive, for example butylated triphenylphosphate (BTPP), perhaps other alkylating triaryl phosphates, for example from the Syn-O-Ad8478 of Akzo Chemicals, tritolyl phosphate (tricresyl phosphate) and related compound.In addition, (zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (perhaps ZDDP) for example, other members of Lubrizol1375 and this chemical family can be used for composition of the present invention to the metal dialkyl dithiophosphates.Other wear preventive additives comprise natural product oil and asymmetric poly-hydroxy slip additive, for example Synergol TMS (International Lubricants).Similarly, can use for example antioxidant of stablizer, free-radical scavengers and water scavenging agent.Compound in this catalogue can include but not limited to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and epoxide.
Solubilizing agent (for example ketone) may have disagreeable smell, and this can be covered by adding odor masking agent or spices.The representative instance of odor masking agent or spices can comprise Chinese ilex, new lemon, cherry, Chinese cassia tree, peppermint, flowers or tangerine peel, all can be purchased, and d-alkene and firpene.These odor masking agents can extremely use up to the concentration of about 15 weight % by about 0.001 weight %, based on the combination weight meter of odor masking agent and solubilizing agent.
The invention still further relates in refrigeration or conditioning unit, to use and comprise Ultraluminescence dyestuff and the refrigeration agent of the solubilizing agent of choosing wantonly or the method for heat-transfer fluid in addition.Present method comprises refrigeration agent or heat transfer fluid composition is incorporated in refrigeration or the conditioning unit.This can be undertaken by being dissolved in refrigeration agent or the heat transfer fluid composition UV fluorescence dye under the condition that solubilizing agent exists and said composition being incorporated in the equipment.Alternatively, this can be by merging solubilizing agent and UV fluorescence dye, and described binding substances is incorporated in the refrigeration that contains refrigeration agent and/or heat-transfer fluid or the conditioning unit and carries out.Resulting composition can be used in refrigeration or the conditioning unit.
The invention still further relates to use and comprise the refrigeration agent of Ultraluminescence dyestuff or the method that heat transfer fluid composition detects leakage.The refrigeration agent that the existence of dyestuff allows to detect in refrigeration or the conditioning unit in composition leaks.Leak detection helps to handle, solve or prevent the invalid operation or the plant failure of equipment or system.Leak detection also helps people to be contained in the chemical that uses in the operation of equipment.
Described method comprises to refrigeration and conditioning unit provides the composition of the solubilizing agent (as described herein) that comprises refrigeration agent, Ultraluminescence dyestuff (as described herein) and choose wantonly, and adopts proper tools to detect the refrigeration agent that contains the UV fluorescence dye.The suitable tools that is used to detect dyestuff includes but not limited to ultraviolet lamp, usually is called " black light " or " blue light ".These ultraviolet lamps can be purchased from the multiple source of particular design for this purpose.Be introduced in refrigeration or the conditioning unit and be allowed in total system, circulate in case contain the composition of Ultraluminescence dyestuff, thus so just can by with described ultraviolet lamp in irradiation on the equipment and observe near the fluorescence discovery leakage of dyestuff any leakage point.
The invention still further relates to the method for composition of the present invention of using to produce refrigeration or to heat, wherein thereby this method comprises by evaporate described composition generation refrigeration around object to be cooled, the described composition of condensation then, heat thereby perhaps produce, evaporate described composition then by the described composition of condensation around object to be heated.
Mechanical refrigeration mainly is that wherein heat-eliminating medium (for example refrigeration agent) makes its recyclable thermodynamics purposes that re-uses along cyclic motion.Normally used circulation comprises vapour compression, absorption, vapo(u)r blasting or vapor jet pump and air.
Vapor compression refrigeration system comprises vaporizer, compressor, condenser and expansion gear.Steam compression cycle re-uses refrigeration agent in a plurality of steps, produce refrigeration and produce heating effect in a step in a different step.This circulation can be briefly described as follows.Liquid refrigerant enters vaporizer by expansion gear, and this liquid refrigerant is boiling formation gas and generation refrigeration in vaporizer at low temperatures.Low-pressure gas enters compressor, and is compressed to increase its pressure and temperature at this gas.The gaseous refrigerant of elevated pressures (compressed) enters condenser then, condensation of refrigerant and its heat is dissipated in the environment in condenser.Refrigeration agent is got back to expansion gear, expand into low pressure level in vaporizer by the higher-pressure level of this expansion gear liquid from condenser, repeats this circulation thus.
In the refrigeration purposes, can use various types of compressors.The mechanical system that depends on compressed fluid, compressor can be categorized as back and forth usually, rotation, injection, centrifugal, scroll, spiral or axial flow, how perhaps depend on mechanical organ to fluid effect to be compressed, be categorized as positive displacement formula (for example back and forth, scroll or spiral) or dynamic formula (for example centrifugal or injection).
Positive displacement formula or dynamic formula compressor all can be used for the inventive method.For refrigerant composition of the present invention, the compressor of centrifugal type is a preferred devices.
Centrifugal compressor uses spinner member radially to quicken refrigeration agent, to generally include to be contained in impeller and the scatterer in the casing.Centrifugal compressor obtains fluid at impeller eye or at the central inlet of circulation impeller usually, and it is radially outward quickened.In impeller, produce certain static pressure and rise, but the rising of most of pressure is created in the scatterer part that its medium velocity is converted into the casing of static pressure.Each impeller-scatterer group is exactly a compressor stage.Centrifugal compressor is formed by 1-12 or more level, and this depends on the volume of required resulting pressure and pending refrigeration agent.
The pressure ratio of compressor or compression ratio are the ratio of absolute outflow pressure to absolute intake pressure.In fact the pressure that transmits by centrifugal compressor keep constant in the containment of relative broad.
Positive-displacement compressor is drawn into steam in the chamber, and the volume of reduction chamber is with compressed vapour.After being compressed, to zero or approaching zero steam is discharged from chamber by further reduction chamber volume.Positive-displacement compressor can produce such pressure, the intensity that this pressure only is subject to volumetric efficiency and parts bear pressure.
Different with positive-displacement compressor, centrifugal compressor depends on that fully the centrifugal force of quick runner compresses the steam by impeller.Here there is not positive displacement, but so-called dynamic compression.
The pressure that centrifugal compressor can produce depends on the end speed of impeller.End speed is the impeller speed that records at its most advanced and sophisticated place and relates to impeller diameter and rotations per minute.The capacity of centrifugal compressor is decided by the channel size by impeller.This makes the size of compressor more depend on required pressure rather than capacity.
Because the high speed operation of centrifugal compressor, it is the machine of heavy body, low pressure basically.Centrifugal compressor is worked preferably with low pressure refrigerant (for example trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) or 1,2,2-Refrigerant R 113 (CFC-113)).
The large centrifugal compressor is usually in 3000-7000 rev/min (rpm) operation down.Small-sized turbo-compressor is designed for about 40000 high speeds to about 70000 (rpm), and has little impeller size, usually less than 0.15 meter.
Multi-stage impeller can be used for centrifugal compressor to improve compressor efficiency, requires less electric power thus in use.For two-stage system, in operation, the discharging of first step impeller enters the suction inlet of second impeller.Two impellers can be by using single shaft bar (perhaps axle) operation.Each level can produce about 4: 1 compression ratio; Be that absolute outlet pressure can be four times of absolute suction pressure.Under the situation that is used for the automobile purposes, a case description of two-stage centrifugal compressor system is hereby incorporated by in US5065990.
The present composition is applicable to refrigeration or the air-conditioning system of using centrifugal compressor, and it comprises following at least a:
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,2-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylpentane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-ethylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and hexanaphthenes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and pentamethylene;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and normal heptanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and methylcyclopentanes; With
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and Skellysolve As.
These above-mentioned compositions also are applicable in the multistage centrifugal compressor, are preferred for two-stage centrifugal compressor equipment.
Composition of the present invention can be used for static air-conditioning, heat pump or movable air conditioner and refrigeration system.That static air-conditioning and heat pump application comprise is window formula, no pipe, that conduit is arranged, the terminating machine through packing, water cooler and the commercial roof machine that comprises through packing.Refrigeration application comprises refrigerator family expenses or family and refrigerator, the water cooler and the refrigerator of ice-making machine, the whole series, freezer and refrigerator chamber and mobile refrigerating system.
In addition, composition of the present invention can be used for using fin-tube type interchanger, micro-channel heat exchanger and horizontal or vertical once-through pipe or plate-type heat exchanger air-conditioning, heat and refrigeration system.
Conventional micro-channel heat exchanger may not be an ideal for low pressure refrigerant composition of the present invention.Low operating pressure and density cause the high flow rate and the high frictionloss of all components.In these cases, can change evaporator designs.Can not use several microchannel plates that are connected in series (with respect to refrigerant pass), and use veneer/single-pass exchanger structure.Therefore, be veneer/single-pass exchanger for the preferred interchanger of low pressure refrigerant of the present invention.
Except two-stage centrifugal compressor equipment, following composition of the present invention is applicable to the refrigeration or the air-conditioning plant of employing veneer/single-pass exchanger:
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,2-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylpentane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-ethylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and hexanaphthenes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and pentamethylene;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and normal heptanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and methylcyclopentanes; With
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and Skellysolve As.
Composition of the present invention is specially adapted to small-sized impeller centrifugal compressor, and it can be used in automobile and window air conditioner or heat pump and other application.These efficient mini centrifugal compressors can pass through motor drive, therefore can be independent of the engine speed operation.The constant compressor speed allows system that relative constant refrigeration capacity is provided under all engine speeds.With respect to traditional R-134a automotive air-conditioning system, this provides the possibility of improving efficient especially under high engine speed.When the cyclical operation of considering the legacy system under high actuating speed, the advantage of these lp systems becomes even is bigger.
Interim (drop in) substitute of CFC-113 in the existing centrifugal device of the applicable conduct of low pressure refrigerant fluids more of the present invention.
The present invention relates to produce the refrigerating method, be included in object to be cooled and evaporate composition of the present invention, the described composition of condensation subsequently on every side.
The invention still further relates to and produce the method that heats, be included in object to be heated condensation composition of the present invention on every side, evaporate described composition subsequently.
The invention still further relates to the method for conducting heat to heat sink from thermal source, composition wherein of the present invention is as heat-transfer fluid.Described heat-transferring method comprises from thermal source carries composition of the present invention to heat sink.
Heat-transfer fluid is used for transmitting, moving or heat removal to another different spaces, position, object or object from space, position, object or an object by radiation, conduction or convection current.Heat-transfer fluid can be by providing the type of transmission of cold (or heat) to be used as second refrigerant from long-range refrigeration (perhaps heating) system.In some systems, heat-transfer fluid can keep constant state (i.e. not evaporation or condensation) in whole transmission course.Alternative, the transpiration cooling process also can be used heat-transfer fluid.
Thermal source can be defined as any hope and therefrom transmit, moves or any space, position, object or the object of heat removal.The example of thermal source can be requirement refrigeration or refrigerative space (open or sealing), for example is installed in the supermarket, requires the space of air-conditioning or requires refrigerator or refrigerator in the passenger cabin of vehicle of air-conditioning.Heat sink can be defined as any space, position, object or the object that can absorb heat.Vapor compression refrigeration system is an example of this heat sink.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The infringement of steam leakage
Container adds initial composition under specified temp, and measures the initial vapour pressure of composition.Under the situation that keeps homo(io)thermism, make said composition leak from container, up to the initial composition that has shifted out 50 weight %, the vapour pressure of remaining composition in this chronometry container.The results are summarized in the following table 5.
Table 5
| Compound wt%A/wt%B | Initial p sia | Initial kPa | Leak 50% back Psia | Leak 50% back kPa | Delta P％ |
| PEIK/2,2-dimethylbutane (34.1 ℃) | |||||
| 75.0/25.0 90/10 89/11 60/40 52/48 51/49 0/100 100/0 | 14.67 14.31 14.39 14.62 14.57 14.56 8.65 8.52 | 101.15 98.66 99.22 100.80 100.46 100.39 59.64 58.74 | 14.67 12.57 13.08 14.45 13.17 12.56 8.65 8.52 | 101.15 86.67 90.18 99.63 90.80 86.60 59.64 58.74 | 0.0％ 12.2％ 9.1％ 1.2％ 9.6％ 13.7％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/2,3-dimethylbutane (37.2 ℃) | |||||
| 81.4/18.6 90/10 93/7 92/8 100/0 60/40 59/41 | 14.72 14.60 14.39 14.48 9.59 14.62 14.61 | 101.49 100.66 99.22 99.84 66.12 100.80 100.73 | 14.72 14.05 12.46 13.17 9.59 13.54 13.05 | 101.49 96.87 85.91 90.80 66.12 93.36 89.98 | 0.0％ 3.8％ 13.4％ 9.0％ 0.0％ 7.4％ 10.7％ |
| 0/100 | 7.25 | 49.99 | 7.25 | 49.99 | 0.0％ |
| PEIK/2,3-dimethylpentane (46.7 ℃) | |||||
| 93.8/6.2 99/1 100/0 80/20 70/30 71/29 0/100 | 14.69 14.11 13.57 14.40 14.23 14.24 3.39 | 101.28 97.29 93.56 99.29 98.11 98.18 23.37 | 14.69 13.83 13.57 14.11 12.67 13.11 3.39 | 101.28 95.36 93.56 97.29 87.36 90.39 23.37 | 0.0％ 2.0％ 0.0％ 2.0％ 11.0％ 7.9％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/2-methyl hexane (46.4 ℃) | |||||
| 93.2/6.8 99/1 100/0 80/20 70/30 69/31 0/100 | 14.70 14.02 13.43 14.44 14.28 14.26 3.56 | 101.35 96.67 92.60 99.56 98.46 98.32 24.55 | 14.70 13.69 13.43 14.17 12.95 12.38 3.56 | 101.35 94.39 92.60 97.70 89.29 85.36 24.55 | 0.0％ 2.4％ 0.0％ 1.9％ 9.3％ 13.2％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/3-methyl hexane (46.7 ℃) | |||||
| 93.8/6.2 99/1 100/0 80/20 70/30 71/29 0/100 | 14.69 14.11 13.57 14.39 14.22 14.24 3.37 | 101.28 97.29 93.56 99.22 98.04 98.18 23.24 | 14.69 13.84 13.57 14.10 12.61 13.07 3.37 | 101.28 95.42 93.56 97.22 86.94 90.12 23.24 | 0.0％ 1.9％ 0.0％ 2.0％ 11.3％ 8.2％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/2-methylpentane (39.5 ℃) | |||||
| 82.4/17.6 90/10 94/6 93/7 100/0 60/40 59/41 0/100 | 14.70 14.56 14.14 14.29 10.46 14.51 14.50 7.21 | 101.35 100.39 97.49 98.53 72.12 100.04 99.97 49.71 | 14.70 14.15 12.64 13.14 10.46 13.32 12.86 7.21 | 101.35 97.56 87.15 90.60 72.12 91.84 88.67 49.71 | 0.0％ 2.8％ 10.6％ 8.0％ 0.0％ 8.2％ 11.3％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/3-ethylpentane (48.2 ℃) | |||||
| 96.2/3.8 99/1 100/0 80/20 73/27 72/28 71/29 0/100 | 14.68 14.52 14.31 14.02 13.80 13.77 13.74 3.11 | 101.22 100.11 98.66 96.67 95.15 94.94 94.73 21.44 | 14.68 14.48 14.31 13.48 12.80 12.57 12.24 3.11 | 101.22 99.84 98.66 92.94 88.25 86.67 84.39 21.44 | 0.0％ 0.3％ 0.0％ 3.9％ 7.2％ 8.7％ 10.9％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/3-methylpentane (40.7 ℃) | |||||
| 84.2/15.8 90/10 95/5 96/4 100/0 62/38 61/39 0/100 | 14.70 14.61 14.07 13.81 10.93 14.49 14.47 7.54 | 101.35 100.73 97.01 95.22 75.36 99.91 99.77 51.99 | 14.70 14.37 12.68 12.18 10.93 13.37 12.94 7.54 | 101.35 99.08 87.43 83.98 75.36 92.18 89.22 51.99 | 0.0％ 1.6％ 9.9％ 11.8％ 0.0％ 7.7％ 10.6％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/ hexanaphthene (46.5 ℃) | |||||
| 92.4/7.6 99/1 100/0 80/20 70/30 68/32 67/33 0/100 | 14.67 13.93 13.48 14.32 14.03 13.98 13.95 4.91 | 101.15 96.04 92.94 98.73 96.73 96.39 96.18 33.85 | 14.67 13.75 13.48 13.94 13.17 12.70 12.19 4.91 | 101.15 94.80 92.94 96.11 90.80 87.56 84.05 33.85 | 0.0％ 1.3％ 0.0％ 2.7％ 6.1％ 9.2％ 12.6％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/ pentamethylene (36.8 ℃) | |||||
| 75.7/24.3 90/10 92/8 60/40 51/49 50/50 0/100 100/0 | 14.69 14.15 13.84 14.57 14.47 14.46 9.57 9.45 | 101.28 97.56 95.42 100.46 99.77 99.70 65.98 65.16 | 14.69 13.17 12.45 14.33 13.11 12.57 9.57 9.45 | 101.28 90.80 85.84 98.80 90.39 86.67 65.98 65.16 | 0.0％ 6.9％ 10.0％ 1.6％ 9.4％ 13.1％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/ normal heptane (48.0 ℃) | |||||
| 96.4/3.6 99/1 100/0 80/20 72/28 73/27 0/100 | 14.67 14.50 14.21 14.14 13.98 13.99 2.52 | 101.15 99.97 97.98 97.49 96.39 96.46 17.37 | 14.67 14.42 14.21 13.71 12.02 12.62 2.52 | 101.15 99.42 97.98 94.53 82.88 87.01 17.37 | 0.0％ 0.6％ 0.0％ 3.0％ 14.0％ 9.8％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/ methylcyclopentane (44.7 ℃) | |||||
| 88.9/11.1 95/5 99/1 100/0 80/20 70/30 65/35 | 14.72 14.44 13.30 12.64 14.57 14.34 14.24 | 101.49 99.56 91.70 87.15 100.46 98.87 98.18 | 14.72 14.13 12.92 12.64 14.37 13.84 13.16 | 101.49 97.42 89.08 87.15 99.08 95.42 90.74 | 0.0％ 2.1％ 2.9％ 0.0％ 1.4％ 3.5％ 7.6％ |
| 64/46 0/100 | 14.22 5.87 | 98.04 40.47 | 12.74 5.87 | 87.84 40.47 | 10.4％ 0.0％ |
| PEIK/ Skellysolve A (26.6 ℃) | |||||
| 64.3/35.7 80/20 85/15 84/16 42/58 41/59 0/100 | 14.72 14.58 14.37 14.43 14.65 14.65 10.91 | 101.49 100.53 99.08 99.49 101.01 101.01 75.22 | 14.72 14.08 12.85 13.20 14.46 12.96 10.91 | 101.49 97.08 88.60 91.01 99.70 89.36 75.22 | 0.0％ 3.4％ 10.6％ 8.5％ 1.3％ 11.5％ 0.0％ |
The result shows, for composition of the present invention, in initial composition be moved out of at the composition of 50 weight % between the vapour pressure of the remaining composition in back and differ less than about 10%.This shows that composition of the present invention is an azeotropic or near azeotropic.When having Azeotrope compositions, data presentation composition of the present invention has the initial vapour pressure of the vapour pressure that is higher than each pure component.
Embodiment 2
Produce the end speed of pressure
End speed can be estimated by the refrigeration device that uses centrifugal compressor is produced some fundamental relations.The moment of torsion that impeller is given gas ideally is defined as
T=m* (v
2* r
2-v
1* r
1) equation 1
Wherein:
The T=moment of torsion, N*m
The m=mass velocity, kg/s
v
2=refrigeration agent leaves the tangential velocity (end speed) of impeller, m/s
r
2The radius of=impeller outlet, m
v
1=refrigeration agent enters the tangential velocity of impeller, m/s
r
1The radius of=impeller eye, m
Suppose that refrigeration agent enters impeller, the tangential component v of speed with radial direction basically
1=0, therefore
T=m*v
2* r
2Equation 2
The power that needs on axostylus axostyle is the product of moment of torsion and rotating speed
P=T*w equation 3
Wherein,
P=power, W
The w=rotating speed, rez/s
Therefore,
P=T*w=m*v
2* r
2* the w equation 4
Under low refrigeration agent flow velocity, the tangential velocity of the end of impeller speed and refrigeration agent is close to and equates; Therefore
r
2* w=v
2Equation 5
With
P=m*v
2* v
2Equation 6
Another expression formula of ideal power is the product of the isentropic work of mass velocity and compressor,
P=m*H
i* (1000J/kJ) equation 7
H wherein
i=enthalpy poor of refrigeration agent under from the saturation steam under evaporation conditions to saturated condensing condition, kJ/kg.
Merging two expression formula equations 6 and 7 obtains:
v
2* v
2=1000*H
iEquation 8
Although equation 8 is based on some basic assumptions, it provides the good estimated value of impeller end speed, and the relatively important way of refrigeration agent end speed is provided.
Following table 3 has shown 1,2, the theory end speed as calculated of 2-Refrigerant R 113 (CFC-113) and composition of the present invention.Suppose that the condition of carrying out this comparison is:
Evaporator temperature: 40.0 (4.4 ℃)
Condenser temperature: 110.0 (43.3 ℃)
Liquid supercooling temperature: 10.0 (5.5 ℃)
Return gas temperature: 75.0 (23.8 ℃)
Compressor efficiency: 70%
These are representative conditions of small sized turbine centrifugal compressor operation.
Table 3
| Refrigerant composition | Wt％ PEIK | Wt％B | Hi Btu/lb | Hi*0.7 Btu/lb | Hi*0.7 KJ/Kg | V2 m/s | V2 rel to CFC-113 |
| CFC-113 | 100 | 10.92 | 7.6 | 17.8 | 133.3 | n/a | |
| PEIK plus B： | |||||||
| 2, the 2-dimethylbutane | 75.0 | 25.0 | 12.24 | 8.6 | 19.9 | 141.2 | 106％ |
| 2, the 3-dimethylbutane | 81.4 | 18.6 | 11.39 | 8.0 | 18.5 | 136.2 | 102％ |
| 2, the 3-dimethylpentane | 93.8 | 6.2 | 9.24 | 6.5 | 15.0 | 122.7 | 92％ |
| The 2-methyl hexane | 93.2 | 6.8 | 9.32 | 6.5 | 15.2 | 123.2 | 92％ |
| The 3-methyl hexane | 93.8 | 6.2 | 9.24 | 6.5 | 15.0 | 122.7 | 92％ |
| The 2-methylpentane | 82.4 | 17.6 | 11.28 | 7.9 | 18.4 | 135.5 | 102％ |
| The 3-ethylpentane | 96.2 | 3.8 | 8.99 | 6.3 | 14.6 | 121.0 | 91％ |
| The 3-methylpentane | 84.2 | 15.8 | 11.01 | 7.7 | 17.9 | 133.9 | 100％ |
| Hexanaphthene | 92.4 | 7.6 | 9.84 | 6.9 | 16.0 | 126.6 | 95％ |
| Pentamethylene | 75.7 | 24.3 | 13.91 | 9.7 | 22.6 | 150.5 | 113％ |
| Normal heptane | 96.4 | 3.6 | 8.96 | 6.3 | 14.6 | 120.8 | 91％ |
| Methylcyclopentane | 88.9 | 11.1 | 10.42 | 7.3 | 17.0 | 130.3 | 98％ |
| Skellysolve A | 64.3 | 35.7 | 15.26 | 10.7 | 24.8 | 157.6 | 118％ |
Embodiment show compound of the present invention have the end speed of CFC-113 approximately+end speed in/-15% scope, it is CFC alternative-the 113 and design of compressor changes minimum effectively.
Embodiment 3
Performance data
Table 4 has shown the performance of comparing various refrigeration agents with CFC-113.These data are based on following condition
Evaporator temperature: 40.0 (4.4 ℃)
Condenser temperature: 110.0 (43.3 ℃)
Supercooling temperature: 10.0 (5.5 ℃)
Return gas temperature: 75.0 (23.8 ℃)
Compressor efficiency: 70%
Table 4
| Compound | wt％ PEIK | wt％B | Evap Pres (Psia) | Evap Pres (kPa) | Cond Pres (Psia) | Cond Pres (kPa) | Compr Dlsch Temp (F) | Compr Dlsch Temp (C) | COP | Capacity (Btu/min) | Capacity (kW) |
| CFC-113 | 2.7 | 19 | 12.8 | 88 | 156.3 | 69.1 | 4.18 | 14.8 | 0.26 | ||
| PEIK plusB： | |||||||||||
| 2, the 2-dimethylbutane | 75.0 | 25.0 | 4.4 | 30 | 20.1 | 139 | 128.7 | 53.7 | 3.7 | 23.2 | 0.41 |
| 2, the 3-dimethylbutane | 81.4 | 18.6 | 3.7 | 25 | 17.8 | 123 | 127.6 | 53.1 | 3.7 | 20.2 | 0.35 |
| 2, the 3-dimethylpentane | 93.8 | 6.2 | 2.4 | 17 | 13.0 | 90 | 125.2 | 51.8 | 3.75 | 14.3 | 0.25 |
| The 2-methyl hexane | 93.2 | 6.8 | 2.4 | 17 | 13.1 | 91 | 125.3 | 51.8 | 3.75 | 14.5 | 0.25 |
| The 3-methyl hexane | 93.8 | 6.2 | 2.4 | 17 | 13.0 | 90 | 125.2 | 51.8 | 3.75 | 14.3 | 0.25 |
| The 2-methylpentane | 82.4 | 17.6 | 3.4 | 24 | 16.8 | 116 | 128.6 | 53.7 | 3.76 | 19.3 | 0.34 |
| The 3-ethylpentane | 96.2 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 15 | 12.2 | 84 | 125.3 | 51.8 | 3.77 | 13.3 | 0.23 |
| The 3-methylpentane | 84.2 | 15.8 | 3.2 | 22 | 16.1 | 111 | 128.3 | 53.5 | 3.77 | 18.5 | 0.32 |
| Hexanaphthene | 92.4 | 7.6 | 2.4 | 17 | 13.1 | 90 | 127.2 | 52.9 | 3.81 | 14.7 | 0.26 |
| Pentamethylene | 75.7 | 24.3 | 3.9 | 27 | 18.4 | 127 | 135.9 | 57.7 | 3.92 | 22.5 | 0.39 |
| Normal heptane | 96.4 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 15 | 12.3 | 85 | 125.2 | 51.8 | 3.76 | 13.4 | 0.23 |
| Methylcyclopentane | 88.9 | 11.1 | 27 | 19 | 14.0 | 97 | 128.2 | 53.4 | 3.82 | 16.0 | 0.28 |
| Skellysolve A | 64.3 | 35.7 | 6.1 | 42 | 25.5 | 176 | 136.9 | 58.3 | 3.95 | 32.5 | 0.57 |
Data presentation, composition of the present invention have evaporator pressure and the condenser pressure that is similar to CFC-113.Some compositions also has capacity or the energy efficiency (COP) higher than CFC-113.
Claims (18)
1. be selected from following composition:
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,2-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylpentane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-ethylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and hexanaphthenes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and pentamethylene;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and normal heptanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and methylcyclopentanes; With
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and Skellysolve As.
2. be applicable to use (i) centrifugal compressor or (ii) multistage centrifugal compressor or the (iii) refrigeration agent or the heat transfer fluid composition of veneer/single-pass exchanger, described composition is selected from:
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,2-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 2,3-dimethylpentane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methyl hexanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 2-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-ethylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and 3-methylpentanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and hexanaphthenes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and pentamethylene;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and normal heptanes;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and methylcyclopentanes; With
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione and Skellysolve As.
3. azeotropic or near the azeotropic composition, it comprises:
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 52-89 weight %, 2 of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 48-11 weight %, 2-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 60-92 weight %, 2 of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 40-8 weight %, 3-dimethylbutane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 71-99 weight %, 2 of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 29-1 weight %, 3-dimethylpentane;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 70-99 weight %, the 2-methyl hexane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 30-1 weight %;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 71-99 weight %, the 3-methyl hexane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 29-1 weight %;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 60-93 weight %, the 2-methylpentane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 40-7 weight %;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 72-99 weight %, the 3-ethylpentane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 28-1 weight %;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 62-95 weight %, the 3-methylpentane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 38-5 weight %;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 68-99 weight %, the hexanaphthene of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 32-1 weight %;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 51-92 weight %, the pentamethylene of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 49-8 weight %;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 73-99 weight %, the normal heptane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 27-1 weight %;
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 65-99 weight %, the methylcyclopentane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 35-1 weight %; With
1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of about 42-84 weight %, the Skellysolve A of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and about 58-16 weight %.
4. be selected from following Azeotrope compositions:
75.0 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, 2 of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 25.0 weight %, the 2-dimethylbutane has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 34.1 ℃ temperature;
81.4 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, 2 of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 18.6 weight %, the 3-dimethylbutane has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 37.2 ℃ temperature;
93.8 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, 2 of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 6.2 weight %, the 3-dimethylpentane has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 46.7 ℃ temperature;
93.2 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the 2-methyl hexane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 6.8 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 46.4 ℃ temperature;
93.8 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the 3-methyl hexane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 6.2 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 46.7 ℃ temperature;
82.4 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the 2-methylpentane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 17.6 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 39.5 ℃ temperature;
96.2 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the 3-ethylpentane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 3.8 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 48.2 ℃ temperature;
84.2 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the 3-methylpentane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 15.8 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 40.7 ℃ temperature;
92.4 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the hexanaphthene of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 7.6 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 46.5 ℃ temperature;
75.7 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the pentamethylene of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 24.3 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 36.8 ℃ temperature;
96.4 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the normal heptane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 3.6 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 48.0 ℃ temperature;
88.9 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the methylcyclopentane of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 11.1 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 44.7 ℃ temperature; With
64.3 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5 of weight %, the Skellysolve A of 5-nine fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propiones and 35.7 weight % has the vapour pressure of about 14.7psia (101kPa) under about 26.6 ℃ temperature.
5. one kind produces the refrigerating method, and this method is included in evaporates claim 2,3 or 4 composition, the described composition of condensation then around the object to be cooled.
6. method that generation heats, this method are included in condensation claim 2 around the object to be heated, 3 or 4 composition, evaporate described composition then.
7. the method for a heat transfer, described method comprise from thermal source carries claim 2,3 or 4 composition to heat sink.
8. the composition of claim 2 also comprises at least a following Ultraluminescence dyestuff that is selected from: the derivative of naphthalimide, perylene, tonka bean camphor, anthracene, phenanthracenes, xanthene, thioxanthene, naphthoxanthene, fluorescein, described dyestuff or their combination.
9. claim 3 or 4 composition also comprise at least a following Ultraluminescence dyestuff that is selected from: the derivative of naphthalimide, perylene, tonka bean camphor, anthracene, phenanthracenes, xanthene, thioxanthene, naphthoxanthene, fluorescein, described dyestuff or their combination.
10. the composition of claim 8 also comprises at least a following solubilizing agent that is selected from: hydrocarbon, dme, polyoxyalkylene glycols ether, acid amides, ketone, nitrile, hydrochloric ether, ester, lactone, aryl ethers, fluoroether and 1,1,1-trifluoro alkane; And refrigeration agent and solubilizing agent are not same compounds.
11. the composition of claim 10, wherein said solubilizing agent is selected from following:
A) by formula R
1[(OR
2)
xOR
3]
yThe polyoxyalkylene glycols ether of expression, wherein x is the integer of 1-3, y is the integer of 1-4; R
1Be selected from hydrogen and have the aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1-6 carbon atom and y binding site, R
2Be selected from aliphatic alkylene with 2-4 carbon atom; R
3Be selected from hydrogen and aliphatic series and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1-6 carbon atom; R
1And R
3At least one be selected from described hydrocarbyl group; And wherein said polyoxyalkylene glycols ether has about 100 molecular weight to about 300 atomic mass units;
B) by formula R
1CONR
2R
3And ring-type-[R
4CON (R
5The acid amides of representative)-], wherein R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Be independently selected from aliphatic series and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1-12 carbon atom, and aromatic group with 6-12 carbon atom at the most; R
4Be selected from aliphatic alkylene group with 3-12 carbon atom; Have about 100 molecular weight with wherein said acid amides to about 300 atomic mass units;
C) by formula R
1COR
2The ketone of representative, wherein R
1And R
2Be independently selected from aliphatic series, cyclic aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbyl and wherein said ketone and have about 70 molecular weight to about 300 atomic mass units with 1-12 carbon atom;
D) formula R
1The nitrile of CN representative, wherein R
1Be selected from the aliphatic series, cyclic aliphatic or the aromatic hydrocarbon radical that contain 5-12 carbon atom, and wherein said nitrile have about 90 molecular weight to about 200 atomic mass units;
E) by formula RCl
xThe hydrochloric ether of representative, wherein x is selected from 1 or 2 integer; R is selected from aliphatic series and the cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1-12 carbon atom; And wherein said hydrochloric ether has about 100 molecular weight to about 200 atomic mass units;
F) by formula R
1OR
3The aryl ethers of representative, wherein, R
1Be selected from aryl hydrocarbyl group with 6-12 carbon atom; R
3Be selected from aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1-4 carbon atom; And wherein said aryl ethers has about 100 molecular weight to about 150 atomic mass units;
G) by general formula CF
3R
11,1 of representative, 1-trifluoro alkane, wherein R
1Be be selected from have about 5 to the aliphatic series of about 15 carbon atoms and the hydrocarbyl group of cyclic aliphatic;
I) by general formula R
1OCF
2CF
2The fluoroether of H representative, wherein R
1Be to be selected to have about 5 aliphatic series and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups to about 15 carbon atoms; Perhaps described fluoroether is derived from fluoroolefins and polyvalent alcohol, and wherein fluoroolefins is CF
3=CXY type, wherein X is hydrogen, chlorine or fluorine, Y is chlorine, fluorine, CF
3Or OR
f, R wherein
fBe CF
3, C
2F
5Or C
3F
7Described polyvalent alcohol is HOCH
2CRR ' (CH
2)
z(CHOH)
xCH
2(CH
2OH)
yType, wherein R and R ' are hydrogen, CH
3Or C
3H
5, x is the integer of 0-4, and y is the integer of 0-3, and 2 is 0 or 1; With
J) by structure [B], the lactone of [C] and [D] representative:
R wherein
1-R
8Be independently selected from hydrogen or line style, branching, ring-type, two ring-types, saturated and undersaturated hydrocarbyl group; And molecular weight is about 100 to about 300 atomic mass units; With
K) by general formula R
1CO
2R
2The ester of representative, wherein R
1And R
2Be independently selected from line style and ring-type, saturated and undersaturated alkyl and aromatic yl group; Have about 80 molecular weight with wherein said ester to about 550 atomic mass units.
12. be used to produce the method for freezing or carrying out air-conditioning, described method comprises in the following composition introducing compression refrigeration or air-conditioning plant with claim 10: (i) by in the presence of solubilizing agent the Ultraluminescence dyestuff being dissolved in refrigerant composition or the heat-transfer fluid, and this binding substances introduced described compression refrigeration or air-conditioning plant, or (ii) pass through, and described binding substances is introduced described compression refrigeration or the air-conditioning plant that comprises refrigeration agent and/or heat-transfer fluid in conjunction with solubilizing agent and UV fluorescence dye.
13. be used in refrigeration or air-conditioning plant or near the method for detect leaking it, described method comprises the composition that claim 8 or 10 are provided in described device, and is provided at leakage point or detects the suitable equipment of described composition near described device.
14. one kind produces the refrigerating method, this method is included in the composition that evaporates claim 10 on every side of object to be cooled, the described composition of condensation then.
15. the method that generation heats, this method comprise by the composition of condensation claim 10 around heated material, evaporate described composition then.
16. the composition of claim 2 or 10, it also comprises stablizer, water scavenging agent or odor masking agent.
17. the composition of claim 16, wherein said stablizer is selected from Nitromethane 99Min., sterically hindered phenol, azanol, mercaptan, phosphorous acid ester and lactone.
18. the composition of claim 16, wherein said water scavenging agent is an ortho ester.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57503704P | 2004-05-26 | 2004-05-26 | |
| US60/575,037 | 2004-05-26 | ||
| US11/063,040 | 2005-02-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1957055A true CN1957055A (en) | 2007-05-02 |
Family
ID=38063709
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200580016868 Pending CN1957056A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone refrigerant compositions and uses thereof |
| CN 200580016859 Pending CN101094903A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | Refrigerant compositions comprising 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,2,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane and a hydrofluorocarbon and uses thereof |
| CN 200580016470 Pending CN1957054A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone refrigerant and heat transfer compositions comprising a fluoroether |
| CN 200580016476 Pending CN1957055A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone refrigerant compositions comprising a hydrocarbon and uses thereof |
Family Applications Before (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200580016868 Pending CN1957056A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone refrigerant compositions and uses thereof |
| CN 200580016859 Pending CN101094903A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | Refrigerant compositions comprising 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,2,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane and a hydrofluorocarbon and uses thereof |
| CN 200580016470 Pending CN1957054A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone refrigerant and heat transfer compositions comprising a fluoroether |
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| CN (4) | CN1957056A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112430453A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Cooling liquid composition and cooling system |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7438825B1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2008-10-21 | Arkema Inc. | Azeotrope-like composition of 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-chloropropene and dimethoxymethane |
| US8703690B2 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2014-04-22 | Arkema Inc. | Use of R-1233 in liquid chillers |
| US7438826B1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2008-10-21 | Arkema Inc. | Azeotrope-like composition of 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-chloropropene and methyl acetate |
| CN102295916B (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2014-01-01 | 赵卫军 | Fluorescence refrigerant used for detection and its preparation method |
| CN103409114B (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2017-06-06 | 浙江蓝天环保高科技股份有限公司 | A kind of evaporative cooling medium |
| KR102096201B1 (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2020-04-01 | 시노켐 란티안 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Composition comprising a fluorine-containing ketone |
-
2005
- 2005-05-25 CN CN 200580016868 patent/CN1957056A/en active Pending
- 2005-05-25 CN CN 200580016859 patent/CN101094903A/en active Pending
- 2005-05-25 CN CN 200580016470 patent/CN1957054A/en active Pending
- 2005-05-25 CN CN 200580016476 patent/CN1957055A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112430453A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Cooling liquid composition and cooling system |
| US11518923B2 (en) | 2019-08-26 | 2022-12-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Coolant composition and cooling system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101094903A (en) | 2007-12-26 |
| CN1957054A (en) | 2007-05-02 |
| CN1957056A (en) | 2007-05-02 |
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