CN1949636B

CN1949636B - Electrical machine

Info

Publication number: CN1949636B
Application number: CN 200610132221
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贝诺伊特·文森特
Original assignee: PATAY MOTEURS
Current assignee: Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
Priority date: 2005-10-12
Filing date: 2006-10-12
Publication date: 2012-12-12
Anticipated expiration: 2026-10-12
Also published as: FR2891959A1; FR2891959B1; CN1949636A

Abstract

The machine has a switching system for switching winding elements (10, 11, 20, 21, 30, 31) based on a configuration, in which all the winding elements are supplied, in series, with voltages (a1, a2), and another configuration, in which only part of the winding elements are supplied. The non supplied winding elements (10, 20, 30) in the latter configuration respectively comprise a non connected terminal and another terminal connected to the winding elements (11, 21, 31). The switching system comprises respective interrupters (41-43, 51, 53) for each phase. An independent claim is also included for a method for supplying an electric machine.

Description

Motor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of by many phase alternating current (AC), particularly three-phase alternating current, the motor of supplying power.

Background technology

United States Patent(USP) No. 4 363 985 discloses a kind of motor; It is through using a kind of switched system to make it possible to change the winding characteristic of motor; This switched system makes it possible under delta connection and star connection, carry out work, and in delta connection, the winding element of each phase in the three-phase all is connected in series; And in star connection, the winding element of each phase in the three-phase all is connected in parallel.Also described other embodiment, for example, wherein the winding element of each phase had not only comprised series unit but also had comprised the multiple method that connects of parallelly connected unit.

European patent EP 0 923 192 discloses the method that changes the characteristic of motor through the method that connects that changes winding element.Reproduced first example among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

Connect in the method first, as shown in Figure 1, corresponding with low speed, from corresponding power supply point U1, V1 or W1 all winding element series-feds to arbitrary phase.

Connect in the method second, as shown in Figure 2, corresponding with high speed, supply power to the winding element that is connected to neutral point from corresponding intermediate point U2, V2 and W2.

Second example has been shown among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.In this example, when high speed, supply power from intermediate point X2, Y2 and the Z2 of delta connection.

In these examples, the winding element of power supply does not induce extra voltage at the terminal place that does not connect, and this extra voltage is affixed on the voltage that induces on the winding element that is powered.

This extra voltage requires for given insulation, and the number of turn of winding element is defined as acceptable value.

European patent EP 0 923 192 discloses a kind of solution for following problem: construct all winding elements with the identical number of turn, and make motor be operated in be provided with corresponding four kind mode of operations under different with four kinds, these four kinds of differences are set to:

The high speed setting of the winding element parallel connection of delta connection and each phase;

The high speed setting of the winding element parallel connection of star connection and each phase;

The middle low speed setting of the winding element series connection of delta connection and each phase; And

The low speed setting of the winding element series connection of star connection and each phase.

The solution that proposes in the European patent EP 0 923 192 is not to be entirely satisfactory.Switch to another kind from a kind of setting and be provided with, the variation of the loss that causes thus causing owing to Joule effect with the changes in resistance that causes each phase.

This can cause undesirable variations in temperature, and some at high temperature works mutually and other are worked under lower temperature, in this case, is difficult to keep the insulation of Electric Motor rank for a long time, for example, becomes to humidity sensitivity more.

There is following demand: from can in big relatively velocity interval, working and can be reliably also possibly being that the motor of the mode work simplified is benefited.

Term " motor (machine) " should broadly be understood, and for example, not only contains rotating part, and contains electronics and the dynamo-electric part that is used to control rotating part.

Also there is the demand that the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art is improved.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is intended to satisfy partially or completely these demands especially.

The invention provides a kind of multiphase motor; Threephase motor for example, wherein each all comprises at least two winding elements mutually, this motor comprises switched system; This switched system comprises a plurality of switches, and is configured to said winding element is switched to following one or another kind of in the method for connecing:

First connects method, and wherein all winding elements of each phase are all by series-fed, and the voltage addition between the terminal of these winding elements; And

Second connects method; Wherein for each phase; Only some winding element is supplied power, and wherein, for each phase; At least one winding element of not supplying power has the first terminal that is connected with at least one other winding element and second terminal that is not connected, and the current potential of the current potential of second terminal through the first terminal deducts the voltage that is induced by the said not winding element of power supply and provide.

This switched system comprises a plurality of switches, at least one winding element only can have with said switched system in the terminal that is electrically connected of the terminal of switch.

Through the present invention, this motor can be worked in relatively large velocity interval, for example, carries out work with the power of substantial constant.

The invention enables and only to some winding element power supply the time, to avoid producing extra voltage.

Said motor can comprise: at least one intermediate point between two continuous winding elements of a phase; At least one first switch between one of this intermediate point and winding element; And at least one second switch that is connected to this intermediate point and power lead-ining line (inlet).In the second embodiment of the present invention, when first switch opens, second switch is closed, and vice versa, so each can only be associated with first and second switches mutually.

In an embodiment of the present invention, this switched system makes said winding element can switch to following in the method any one of connecing:

Wherein the winding element of each phase is by the star connection of series-fed;

Wherein the winding element of each phase is by the delta connection of series-fed;

The star connection of wherein having only some to be powered in each winding element in mutually; And

The delta connection of wherein having only some to be powered in each winding element in mutually.

In one embodiment, each of motor has only two winding elements mutually.

The winding element of each phase all has the identical number of turn alternatively.

Said motor can comprise at least one transducer (for example, photoelectric sensor), is used for the rotating speed of its rotor of sensing.

In an embodiment of the present invention, said motor is the asynchronous motor by frequency-variable controller control.

In one embodiment, said switched system comprises a plurality of semiconductor powers (electronicpower) switch, thereby makes it possible to switch more quickly.

The startup stage, winding element can be connected in series according to star connection.

On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of method that the motor that is defined as above is supplied power, this method may further comprise the steps:

At first all undertaken under the electric power thus supplied, make this motor work, until first switch speed by the star connection of for example all connecting according to all winding elements of each phase wherein at all winding elements of each phase; And

When speed surpasses first switch speed, winding element is switched, only some winding element of each phase is supplied power.

For instance, can first switch speed be chosen as and make that in the time will reaching said first switch speed flux in this motor is essentially the half the of specified flux.

For instance, first switch speed is substantially equal to the twice of base speed.So this flux just drops in 0.4 to 0.6 times the scope of specified flux for example.

In another kind of realization the of the present invention, said method comprising the steps of:

Under the situation that the winding element of each phase is electrically connected in series and all is powered with star connection, make said motor work, until first switch speed;

Up to second switch speed, make said motor under the situation that said winding element is electrically connected in series with delta connection, carry out work from first switch speed;

Up to the 3rd switch speed, make said motor when following some winding to each phase of star connection supplied power, carry out work from second switch speed; And

Under the 3rd switch speed and more speed, make said motor under delta connection, carry out work according to the mode of only some winding of each phase being supplied power.

The present invention also provides a kind of crane facility that comprises the motor that is defined as above.

The present invention also is intended to make it possible to be transformed into another kind and connect method from a kind of method that connects when institute uses assembly keeping, and can not make motor produce obvious the vibration.

Therefore, on the other hand, the invention provides a kind of motor that comprises the control system of the motor that is used to satisfy this purpose, each of said motor comprises at least two winding elements mutually, and said control system comprises:

First contactor; It has one group of main switch (being also referred to as the contact); Each main switch all is used to be connected to first winding element and second winding element of a phase, makes that first winding element and second winding element of each phase are connected in series when these main switches are closed;

Second contactor, it has one group of main switch, when these main switches are closed, can be so that walk around first winding element of each phase at each electric current that flows in mutually of this motor; And

Hysteresis comparator; Be used for when the rotating speed of this motor becomes less than lower limit speed; Make the main switch of first contactor closed, and the main switch of second contactor is opened, and become greater than the time than the big upper limit speed of said lower limit speed at the rotating speed of this motor; The main switch of first contactor is opened, and made the main switch of second contactor closed.

Said control system can also comprise the 3rd contactor, and it makes it possible to optionally one in first contactor and second contactor or another are supplied power, thereby can not supply power simultaneously to the two.

Said control system can be set to when the main switch of said first contactor and second contactor opened simultaneously and detect.

Said control system can comprise the frequency-variable controller that has memory, and this memory is used to store at least one group of running parameter that is suitable for low speed and is suitable for one group of running parameter at a high speed.

This frequency-variable controller can be set to after the main switch of first contactor and second contactor is opened simultaneously, substitutes the said one group of running parameter that is used for carrying out under the low speed speed regulation with another group running parameter, and vice versa.

First contactor and second contactor can comprise auxiliary switch, and said auxiliary switch is provided so that the main switch of second contactor can not be closed when the main switch closure of first contactor, and vice versa.

Auxiliary switch for example can be connected in series with the switch of the 3rd contactor.

First, second can be electromechanics or electronic building brick with the 3rd contactor, for example insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) or other semiconductors.

Term " switch " should not understood by narrow sense ground.

Said control system can be provided so that and can convert star connection into from delta connection that vice versa.

For example; Said motor can be the star connection that all is powered of all winding elements wherein at first; Be transformed into subsequently still to star connection but the method that connects that is powered of some winding element only wherein, be transformed into then that winding element is wherein no longer supplied power with star connection but the method that connects of supplying power with delta connection.This makes can further increase working range where necessary.

The present invention also provides a kind of method that makes the motor that is connected to control system carry out work; This control system has first contactor and second contactor; Said first contactor is used for each two winding element mutually of this motor are connected in series when closure; Said second contactor is used for making electric current to walk around one of each winding element mutually when closure, in the method:

When this motor is in boost phase:

In case the speed of motor becomes greater than upper limit speed, then use the frequency-variable controller that carries out work with the first group of parameter that is suitable for low speed to continue to drive this motor;

Open first contactor and second contactor;

Use is suitable for one group of parameter at a high speed and replaces the said one group of parameter that is suitable for low speed;

First contactor is stayed open; And

Closed second contactor makes that only one of winding element is powered; And

When this motor is in the decelerating phase:

In case the speed of motor becomes less than lower limit speed, then use the frequency-variable controller that carries out work with the one group of parameter that is suitable for high speed to continue to drive this motor;

Open first contactor and second contactor;

Use is suitable for one group of parameter of low speed and replaces the said one group of parameter that is suitable for high speed;

Second contactor is stayed open; And

Closed first contactor makes two winding elements of each phase all by series-fed.

Can carry out this method come from as above limited first connect method and convert second into and connect method.

On the other hand; The invention provides a kind of multiphase motor; Threephase motor for example; Wherein each mutually all only comprises two winding elements, and comprises switched system, and this switched system is used for the unit that function as rotating speed and/or flux will constitute winding and switches to following at least a of method that connect:

First connects method, wherein for each phase, all winding elements all through first switch that makes winding element interconnection under the closure state by series-fed; And

Second connects method, wherein for each phase, from the intermediate point between two continuous winding elements of said phase and at least one second switch between said intermediate point and the power lead-ining line; Only to some winding element power supply; Second connect in the method at this, said second switch is in closure state and first switch is in open mode, and connects in the method first; Second switch is in open mode, and each only is associated with first switch and second switch mutually.

Description of drawings

Following through reading to the detailed description of non-limiting example of the present invention and with reference to accompanying drawing, can understand the present invention better, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 to 4 as above describes, the expression prior art;

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the block diagrams that is equipped with the example of equipment of motor constructed in accordance;

Fig. 7 shows the example of the method that connects of the winding element of this motor;

Fig. 8 is similar to Fig. 7, connects method but winding element has difference;

Fig. 9 has provided power how as the function of rotating speed and the example that changes;

Figure 10 and Figure 11 show other examples of the method that connects of winding element;

Figure 12 shows power in another embodiment how as the function of rotating speed and change;

Figure 13 and 14 shows other examples of the method that connects of winding element;

Figure 15 is similar to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, shows the modified example of this electric motor control device;

Figure 16 shows the winding element and relevant contactor of a phase of this motor;

Figure 17 and Figure 18 show the example of the setting of contactless contactor; And

Figure 19 and 20 is the block diagrams of example that provided the job order of contactor.

Embodiment

Fig. 5 shows the equipment that comprises motor, crane for example, and it comprises the motor 1 by frequency-variable controller 2 power supplies, for example asynchronous motor.

In described example, the stator of motor 1 all has a plurality of winding elements mutually to each.

This equipment also has switched system 3, and it makes each winding element of motor 1 can be for example switch multiple connecing between the method as the function of rotating speed and/or flux.

This equipment can comprise the transducer 4 that is used for the rotating speed of rotor is carried out sensing.

For instance, motor 1 can be connected to capstan winch 5, but it also can drive any other mechanical component, and can therefore not exceed scope of the present invention.

In described example, frequency-variable controller 2 and switched system 3 are illustrated with the form of frame independently, for example, corresponding to electronic cards (electronic card) independently, but these unit combination can not exceeded scope of the present invention yet in single electronic cards.

Alternatively, switched system 3 can be for long-range, and for example it can be arranged in rack or the casing that is fixed on alternatively on the motor 1.

Transducer 4 shown in Fig. 5 is connected with frequency-variable controller 2, but as shown in Figure 6, and the information that is received from transducer 4 by switched system 3 does not exceed scope of the present invention.

Switched system 3 and frequency-variable controller 2 exchange information, thus controller 2 can be known the method that connects of winding element, and can correspondingly control motor 1.

Power supply 2 can comprise memory, has comprised the characteristic of motor 1 when the difference of the winding element that can realize through switched system 3 connects method in this memory.

Controller 2 can receive the information of expression set point speed.

For instance, motor 1 has 3 phase a, b and c, and for these phases, has winding

element

10 and 11,20 and 21 separately, and 30 and 31, as shown in Figure 7.

Switched system 3 for example comprises: the

switch

41 and 51 of phase a; The

switch

42 and 52 of phase b; And the

switch

43 and 53 of phase c.Therefore, each all is associated with first switch and second switch mutually.

Switch

41,42 and 43 is separately positioned between two in a plurality of winding elements of corresponding

phase.Winding element

10,20 and 30 comprises separately terminal 10b, 20b and the 30b that one of terminal of

inductive switch

41,42 and 43 is electrically connected separately with switched system.

Switch

51,52 and 53 at first is connected to corresponding

intermediate point

60,61 and 62, is connected to the corresponding power lead-

ining line

70,71 and 72 that is connected with U mutually, V and the W of power supply then.

Switch

41,42 and 43 is connected to

intermediate point

60,61 and 62 respectively.

When motor 1 was started working with the method that connects of Fig. 7, its speed v can increase to base speed v from 0 ₀, as shown in Figure 9.

Be higher than base speed v ₀The time, if go in substantially invariable power P ₁Under operation, then the voltage limit of controller 2 possibly require motor flux and its speed to reduce pro rata.

For instance, switched system 3 is set to, when reaching the first switch speed V ₁(for example, correspond essentially to base speed v ₀Twice) time, this switched system is from the wherein

switch

41,42 of Fig. 7 and 43 closures and the method that connects that

switch

51,52 and 53 is opened switches to the method that connects of Fig. 8.

Connect in the method at this, switch 41,42 and 43 is opened, and switch 51,52 and 53 closures.So the winding

element

11,21 and 31 that only is connected to neutral point N is powered.This makes can increase flux and be higher than the first switch speed v ₁Situation under with substantially invariable power P ₁Carry out work.

In addition;

Winding element

10,20 and 30 is remained on power supply potential U, V and the W separately by separately the

first terminal

10a, 20a and 30a; And the current potential at their the

second terminal

10b, 20b and 30b places separately approaches the current potential of neutral point N; This and prior art shown in Figure 2 are different, and in this prior art, the voltage that does not induce on the terminal of the winding element of power supply adds on the voltage of the winding element that is powered.

For example, for phase a, the voltage at intermediate point 60 places is a with respect to neutral point N ₁, and the current potential of the terminal 10b of winding element is a ₁-a ₂, this current potential approaches the current potential of neutral point N.In the prior art, the current potential of the terminal 10b that does not connect is a ₁+ a ₂

When hope obtains plural working range under substantially invariable power, as shown in Figure 9, for example, the switched system 3 with unshowned other switches can be provided, and work as speed above the first switch speed v ₁The time, this switched system is set to change into from the star connection of Fig. 7 the delta connection of Figure 10, and in this delta connection, the winding element of each phase all is electrically connected in series.

When speed reaches the second switch speed v ₂The time, switched system 3 can be set to winding element is switched to the method that connects of Fig. 8, with work under substantially invariable power.

When speed surpasses the 3rd switch speed v ₃The time, switched system 3 can make winding element become the delta connection of Figure 11, in this delta connection, has only some winding element to be powered,

switch

51,52 and 53 closures, and switch 41,42 and 43 is opened.

Figure 12 show for independent employing each connect method, power is how as the function of rotating speed and the example that changes.

Alternatively, the conversion of each switch in mutually can be simultaneously.

For example, switch 41 can be opened in the moments of switch 51 closures, and vice versa.It also can be quasi-instantaneous switching.

Each of this motor can have plural winding element mutually; For instance, Figure 13 shows each motor that has three winding elements mutually, that is: for phase a; Two winding

elements

10 and 11 respectively with

switch

41 and 51,44 and 54, and tertiary winding unit 12 is associated; For phase b, two winding

elements

20 and 21 respectively with

switch

42 and 52,45 and 55, and tertiary winding unit 22 is associated; And for phase c, winding

element

30 and 31 respectively with

switch

43 and 53,46 and 56, and tertiary winding unit 32 is associated.

In the example of Figure 13, winding element is set to star connection, and in the example of Figure 14, winding element is set to delta connection.

Can operate each switch, so that this motor can work in initial shift, wherein for each phase, winding element all is series connection, after this, and along with speed increases, only to some winding element power supply.

Therefore, in the example of Figure 13, this motor can work in second working stage; Wherein

switch

41,42 and 43 is opened;

Switch

51,52 and 53 closures, switch 44,45 and 46 closures work in the 3rd working stage then; Wherein switch 44,45 and 46 is opened, and switch 54,55 and 56 closures.

Shown in all examples in, switch can be electric mechanical switch and/or semiconductor switch.For instance, according to the power that will switch, each switch can comprise a plurality of assemblies of series connection and/or parallel connection.

The present invention is not limited to crane facility, also is applicable to lathe, is used for being involved in or rolling out, and advances etc.

The present invention is not limited to carry out work with substantially invariable power when speed during greater than base speed.For example, work can relate to a plurality of power ranks, all is substantially invariable at each the rank internal power that is associated with a velocity interval wherein.

Can use the control system 100 of type shown in Figure 15 to carry out and connect the conversion that method to the second connects method from first; Vice versa; This control system 100 had both comprised the winding element switched system, comprised the frequency-variable controller that for example receives the information of expression motor speed through transducer 4 again.

Control system 100 can receive the information of expression set point speed, and can be installed in alternatively on this motor.

For instance, each of this motor can have two winding element E1 and E2 mutually, and is shown in figure 16, and the winding element of all phases is organized as star connection or delta connection.

For instance, for phase a, winding element E1 and E2 correspond respectively to the winding

element

10 and 11 of Figure 10.

Control system 100 has the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2.The first contactor KM1 comprises first group of main switch 102, and the second contactor KM2 comprises second group of main switch 103.

For instance, for phase a,

main switch

102 and 103 corresponds respectively to the

switch

41 and 51 of Figure 10.

When the first contactor KM1 was not powered (opening), main switch 102 was opened.

When the second contactor KM2 was not powered (opening), main switch 103 was opened.

In described example, control system 100 comprises the 3rd contactor KM3 by switch 104 controls, and is shown in figure 17.

Contactor KM3 has the switch 105 (that is to say that when contactor KM3 was not powered, it was opened) of open type and the switch 106 (that is to say that when contactor KM3 was not powered, it was closed) of closed type.

As can be seen from Figure 17, contactor KM1 and KM2 have respectively the auxiliary switch 107 and 108 that the

switch

105 and 106 with contactor KM3 is electrically connected in series.

When switch 106 and 108 closures, contactor KM1 is powered (closure), and when

switch

105 and 107 closures, contactor KM2 is powered (closure).

Switch 107 is closed types, that is, it is not closed when contactor KM1 is powered, and switch 108 is closed type equally, when contactor KM2 is not powered, is closed.

The auxiliary switch 110 and 111 of contactor KM1 and KM2 (all being open type) parallel connection is electrically connected, and therefore makes when can detect control system 100 contactor KM1 and KM2 all are not powered.

In the present embodiment, control system 100 comprises hysteresis comparator, this hysteresis comparator according to the rotating speed of motor be less than or greater than lower limit speed v _bStill less than or greater than upper limit speed v _h, and the operation of each contactor KM1, KM2 and KM3 is worked.

Frequency-variable controller comprises memory, and this memory stores has respectively with work under low speed with at many groups running parameter of working and being associated down at a high speed.

The supposition frequency-variable controller to be being used for carrying out work with that group parameter of the corresponding operation of low speed below, and winding element E1 and E2 are by series-fed.

In boost phase, shown in figure 19, control system detects rotating speed in step 120 and surpasses upper limit speed v _h

Control system 100 makes switch 104 closures subsequently, thereby supplies power to contactor KM3 in step 121, and switch 106 is opened, thereby breaks off the power supply to contactor KM1 in step 122.

Control system 100 detects opening of contactor KM1 through the switch of all opening 110 and 111.This control system adopts in step 124 and corresponding that group running parameter of high speed.

After this, in step 125,,, thereby make switch 107 closures so contactor KM2 is closed because contactor KM3 is powered and contactor KM1 opens.

Because main switch 103 closures and main switch 102 is opened, so stop to each winding element E2 power supply in mutually.

In the decelerating phase, suppose that frequency-variable controller carries out work with that group parameter that is suitable at a high speed, and main switch 102 is opened main switch 103 closures.

In step 130, control system 100 detects speed and is reduced to below the lower limit speed, and when stopping when contactor KM3 supplies power, opening switch 104 in step 131.

This makes

switch

105 and 106 change states, switch 105 and switch 106 closures.Because switch 105 is opened, so stop to supply power to contactor KM2 in step 132.

Under the situation that contactor KM1 and KM2 are not powered, this state is detected by switch 110 and 111 in step 133, so frequency-variable controller adopts that group running parameter that is suitable for low speed in step 133.

Because contactor KM2 is not powered, thus switch 108 closures, and in step 134 to contactor KM1 power supply, make that therefore main switch 102 is all closed in each phase, and main switch 103 is opened all.Winding element E1 and E2 are electrically connected in series.

Aforesaid operations makes in proper order and can when switch is electric mechanical switch, avoid producing spark at the electric contact place of these switches, in addition, can connect method from first and be transformed into second and connect method not having noise and do not make under the situation of motor vibration, and vice versa.

For example, have the motor of two winding elements mutually for each, in delta connection, for example lower limit speed can be 800 rpms (rpm), and upper limit speed can be 1790rpm.Motor for example can be with constant moment of torsion work in about scope of 0 to 750rpm, and in the firm power work with 45 kilowatts (KW) in the scope of 3600rpm of 750rpm for example.

The invention enables and to use non-overdimensioned frequency-variable controller.

Only if be designated as the opposite meaning,, term should be understood that and " comprising at least one " synonym otherwise " comprising (comprising) ".

Claims

1. multiphase motor, wherein, each all comprises at least two winding elements mutually, and this motor comprises switched system, and this switched system comprises a plurality of switches, and is set for said winding element is switched to following one or another kind of in the method for connecing:

First connects method, and wherein all winding elements of each phase are all by series-fed, and the voltage (a between the terminal of these winding elements ₁, a ₂) addition; And

Second connects method, wherein for each phase, and only to some winding element power supply, and wherein, for each phase, at least one winding element of not supplying power (10; 20; 30) have and at least one power supply winding element (11; 21; 31) the first terminal (10a that is connected; 20a; Second terminal (the 10b that 30a) and does not connect; 20b; 30b), the current potential of said second terminal deducts by the said not winding element (10 of power supply through the current potential of said the first terminal; 20; 30) voltage (a that induces ₂) and provide, at least one winding element only has a terminal that terminal is electrically connected with a switch of said switched system.

2. motor according to claim 1, this motor be characterised in that, wherein the said method that connects that is connected in series of the winding element of each phase is a star connection.

3. motor according to claim 1, this motor are characterised in that first connects method comprises:

Wherein the winding element of each phase is by the star connection of series-fed; And

And second connect method and comprise:

The star connection of wherein having only some winding element to be powered in each winding element in mutually; And

The delta connection of wherein having only some winding element to be powered in each winding element in mutually,

And this motor is characterised in that, said switched system (3) makes it possible to said winding element is switched to above in the method any one of connecing.

4. motor according to claim 1, this motor comprise at least one intermediate point (60 between two continuous winding elements of a phase; 61; 62), and wherein, said a plurality of switches comprise: at least one first switch (41 between in said intermediate point and the said winding element; 42; 43); And be connected to said intermediate point and power lead-ining line (70; 71; 72) at least one second switch (51; 52; 53).

5. motor according to claim 1, this motor are characterised in that each of said motor has only two winding elements mutually.

6. motor according to claim 1, this motor are characterised in that the winding element of each phase has the identical number of turn.

7. motor according to claim 1, this motor are characterised in that said motor comprises at least one transducer (9) of the rotating speed that makes it possible to the sensing rotor.

8. motor according to claim 1, this motor are characterised in that said motor is asynchronous.

9. motor according to claim 1, this motor are characterised in that in the incipient stage, said winding element is connected in series with star connection.

10. motor according to claim 1; Said motor is the motor that comprises control system (100); This control system comprises said switched system, and said switched system comprises first group of main switch (102) and second group of main switch (103), and this control system comprises:

First contactor (KM1); This first contactor has first group of main switch (102); Each main switch all is used to be connected to first winding element and second winding element of a phase, makes that first winding element and second winding element of each phase are connected in series when these main switches are closed;

Second contactor (KM2), this second contactor has second group of main switch (103), and these main switches are when closure, and the feasible electric current that flows through each phase of said motor is walked around first winding element of each phase; And

Hysteresis comparator is used for becoming less than lower limit speed (v at the rotating speed of said motor _b) time, make main switch (102) closure of said first contactor, and the main switch of said second contactor opened, and at the rotating speed of said motor greater than the upper limit speed (V bigger than said lower limit speed _h) time, the main switch (102) of said first contactor is opened, and made the main switch of said second contactor closed.

11. motor according to claim 10; This motor is characterised in that; Said control system comprises the 3rd contactor (KM3), the 3rd contactor be used for optionally to said first contactor and second contactor (KM1, in KM2) one or another are supplied power; (KM1 KM2) can not be all closed simultaneously so that said first contactor and second contactor.

12. motor according to claim 10, this motor are characterised in that said control system is set for the main switch (102,103) that detects said first contactor and second contactor and when all opens simultaneously.

13. motor according to claim 10, this motor are characterised in that said control system comprises the frequency-variable controller with memory, this memory is used to store at least one group of running parameter that is suitable for low speed and is suitable for one group of running parameter at a high speed.

14. motor according to claim 13; This motor is characterised in that; Said frequency-variable controller is set to; Under the situation that the main switch (102,103) of said first contactor and second contactor is opened simultaneously, use another group running parameter to substitute the one group of running parameter that is used under low speed, carrying out speed regulation.

15. motor according to claim 11; This motor is characterised in that; Said first contactor and second contactor have a plurality of auxiliary switches; Said auxiliary switch is provided so that the main switch of said second contactor can not be closed when the main switch closure of said first contactor, and vice versa.

16. motor according to claim 15, this motor are characterised in that said auxiliary switch (107,108) is connected in series with the switch (105,106) of said the 3rd contactor.

17. motor according to claim 10, wherein, said control system is installed on the said motor.

18. motor according to claim 10, wherein, said control system is provided so that also and can converts star connection into from delta connection that vice versa.

19. a method that is used for motor power supply according to claim 1, this method comprises:

At first under the situation that all winding elements of each phase all are powered, make said motor work, until first switch speed; And

When speed surpasses said first switch speed, said winding element is switched, with only to some winding element power supply of each phase.

20. method according to claim 19, this method comprises:

Under the situation that said winding element is electrically connected in series with star connection, make said motor work, until first switch speed; And

21. method according to claim 19, this method comprises:

Up to second switch speed, make said motor under the situation that said winding element is electrically connected in series with delta connection, carry out work from said first switch speed;

Up to the 3rd switch speed, make said motor under star connection, when only some winding of each phase being supplied power, carry out work from said second switch speed; And

Begin and under more speed from said the 3rd switch speed, make said motor under delta connection according to only the mode of some winding power supply of each phase being carried out work.

22. method according to claim 19, wherein, said first switch speed is the twice of base speed.

23. method according to claim 19, wherein, the flux in the time of will reaching said first switch speed is the half the of specified flux.

24. method according to claim 19; Wherein, Said motor is motor according to claim 10 and comprises control system (100), and this control system comprises first contactor (KM1) and second contactor (KM2), and said first contactor is used for each two winding element that are connected in series mutually at said motor when closure; Said second contactor makes electric current walk around one of each said winding element in mutually when closure, in said method:

When said motor is in boost phase:

In case the speed of said motor becomes greater than said first switch speed as upper limit speed, then use the frequency-variable controller that carries out work with the first group of parameter that is suitable for low speed to continue to drive said motor;

Open said first contactor and second contactor (KM1, KM2);

Said first contactor (KM1) is stayed open; And

Closed said second contactor (KM2) makes that only one of said winding element is powered; And

In the stage of said motor deceleration:

In case the speed of said motor becomes less than lower limit speed, then use the frequency-variable controller that carries out work with the said one group of parameter that is suitable for high speed to continue to drive said motor;

Open said first contactor and second contactor;

Said second contactor (KM2) is stayed open; And

Closed said first contactor (KM1) makes two winding elements of each phase all by series-fed.

25. crane facility that comprises motor according to claim 1.