CN1949207A - Settlement observation method by micro computer tada recording and tada processing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to settlement observation method used in microcomputer data recording and processing. It features are that it uses computer to record data, deposit the collected data by computer interface and process the data, process a series of data by automatic calculation, automatically generate various computation sheet, result graph, print and output observation report. Its advantages are that it can increase working efficiency, ensure data quality.

Description

A kind of with the settlement observation method of Microcomputer Data record with data processing

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of settlement observation method, can be used for the engineering detecting or the monitoring in fields such as urban construction, municipal administration, hydraulic engineering, belong to the project supervision technical field with Microcomputer Data record and data processing.

Background technology

Settlement observation work is most widely used a kind of engineering detecting in field or monitoring meanss such as urban construction, municipal administration, hydraulic engineering, as house, road and bridge, the stable safety monitoring of Tunnel Engineering in construction and use, settlement observation is all extensively carried out in aspects such as builder's yard, regional land subsidence, dam, underground utilities, Foundation Pit Construction monitoring.

Settlement observation work is long-time, a multiply periodic high-precision leveling job, and each work period can be divided into for two megastages again: the phase one is the data acquiring and recording stage; Subordinate phase is data processing and achievement illustrated stage.Carry out the work of following one-period at interval behind the certain hour again.

The settlement observation method is divided into: single instrument supreme people's court, twice instrument supreme people's court, the reading content is divided into: basic graduation, auxiliary graduation, the selection of observation route has: echo route, closed path, come and go and survey route, non-route observation station, have in its checking computations: the checking computations of basic graduation and auxiliary graduation difference of reading limit difference, the checking computations of the limit difference of the basic graduation and the discrepancy in elevation that auxiliary graduation is surveyed, the checking computations of the limit difference of the twice high discrepancy in elevation of surveying of instrument are past, return the checking computations of the limit difference of the discrepancy in elevation of surveying, the checking computations of various observation route mis-ties, timely prompting and processing when various limit differences transfinite, settlement observation operating technology are actually a series of loaded down with trivial details data processing work.And, observation station nearly tens even hundreds of often in actual engineering, because every observation data figure place is the 5-6 figure place, each measuring point discrepancy in elevation is generally subtracted each other to average by two groups of 4 observation datas and is drawn, pilot process must check all kinds of errors, carry out the accuracy of observation evaluation then, Error Calculation and pointwise are corrected, final observation with early stage compared, calculate this settling amount of each measuring point, the accumulative total settling amount, subsidence rate, fill in achievement Report, draw various achievement curves or the like, on the other hand, settlement observation be one long-time, the high-precision leveling work of many phases, must store each phase observed result, computing, relatively, analyze, finally also must observe all data gather each phase, make curve, accuracy assessment, end result report or the like is provided.Workload is very heavy, and obviously, it is a huge data acquisition and processing (DAP) engineering.

And at present,, comprise that research institutions still take craft, semi-hand pattern in the settlement observation field in industries such as whole nation building, municipal works.

Traditional settlement observation working method is manual pointwise itemize, checking computations, calculates all kinds of limit differences and mis-tie by counter, hand filling achievement data, drawing etc., this lot of data of artificial treatment, various mistakes can appear unavoidably, and expend a large amount of human resources, and the time is tediously long.

One of hardware platform Pocket PC hand-held set is the high-tech product of developing in recent years at present, generally be used for aspects such as commercial affairs, mobile office, storage personal information, few in number to its researcher who on engineering, uses, really in the building subsidence observation field, drop into application person and do not appear in the newspapers.

The packed computer of the another kind of hardware platform PC-500 of data recording is used in multidisciplinary more widely, but it is only applicable to topographical surveying distance and angle recordings, can not be used for the settlement observation data recording, does not more have every limit difference checking computations function.

Still not having both at home and abroad can be for the application program that is directly used in the settlement observation data processing.Domestic software company, be domesticly comparatively famous to wait software company in surveying and drawing class method as " Tsing-Hua University's mountain dimension ", there is similar leveling adjustment program to can be used for settlement observation route adjustment, even the software of directly naming to " settlement observation program " arranged, but all need pointwise to import average discrepancy in elevation etc. through artificial pretreated data, automaticity is lower, and do not possess raw data limit difference checking computations, can not carry out adjacent twice achievement and change relatively, promptly settlement observation data processing such as this settling amount other the loaded down with trivial details work that must carry out.More there is not to consider the connection problem of communicating by letter with the field data acquisition record data.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of increasing work efficiency, guarantee the settlement observation method with Microcomputer Data record and data processing of the quality of data and confidence level.

For realizing above purpose, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of with the settlement observation method of Microcomputer Data record with data processing, it is characterized in that, described settlement observation method is to use computer to carry out data recording, the data of gathering are handled by the computer interface dump line data of going forward side by side, its data recording, data processing method and program, a series of data with in the automatic computing settlement observation of the computer process generate all kinds of reckoners, achievement chart and printout observation report automatically.

Data record method has comparatively successfully solved the diversified route form in the settlement observation work, the data recording problem of reading mode; Solved effectively that loaded down with trivial details all kinds of limits are poor, mis-tie checking computations and fault-tolerant processing problem; Utilization Pocket PC hand-held set and the packed computer of PC-E500 can satisfy the needs of field operation sampling work as settlement observation data recording hardware platform, are convenient for carrying again, have also expanded the practical application of homemade Pocket PC on engineering simultaneously; Adopt the serial communication mode to carry out data dump, make its adaptability stronger hardware platform; Store with two kinds of forms behind the raw data input desktop computer and be beneficial to the raising safety of data; Be provided with the raw data write-protect, the technical requirement of compliant.

Data processing method adaptability is strong, the automaticity height.Promptly for round survey, closed path, conform to multifarious observation routes such as route, node net, all can from original observed data, search observation route turning point and node automatically, carry out rigorous adjustment and elevation automatically and calculate.The computer that the present invention adopts with microcomputer data processing, be used in the microcomputer of the operating system of configuration Chinese edition EXCEL97 Windows98/95 and above version, can calculate the discrepancy in elevation, the average discrepancy in elevation to the record data that import automatically, it is poor to check every limit once more, and show overproof information, point out the user's modification mistake; Error compensation method has two kinds can select for the user: rigorous adjustment, non-rigorous adjustment; Program can realize searching automatically observation route, or the prompting user imports closed hoop, come and go to survey or conform to information such as route roll-call, search automatically the discrepancy in elevation of respectively standing, automatically adjustment, calculate each point height, and evaluation precision; Automatically increase the required multiple forms such as summary sheet of user; Can be once or summary sheet is filled in single step automatically, achievement Report is single;---sedimentation value curve, time---the subsidence rate curve of can drawing the time.

The present invention has really broken the traditional manual work pattern of settlement observation, and settlement observation data recording and data processing in the Electronic Data Processing of one, are all transferred to Electronic Data Processing with the datamation of two megastages of settlement observation and finished.Huge data processing work is reduced to only needs some button or simple several the orders of key entry to finish.

Advantage of the present invention is:

1. the observation procedure of program setting and precision index, computing method all meet existing national technical standard, thus standard testing process;

This method efficient, tight, accurately, reduced personal error, improve work efficiency and be about 8～10 times of manual mode, improved the quality of data;

3. total data is easy to longer-term storage and information sharing, the long preservation of data and analysis and utilization have from now on been made things convenient for, because data processor is convenient, fast, help production unit to check oneself, or the quality supervised department data examines comprehensively, guaranteed the quality and the confidence level of data more effectively;

4. unified diagrammatic form standard the achievement form.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of with microcomputer data acquisition writing task process flow diagram;

Fig. 2 is a kind of with Microcomputer Data data processing work process flow diagram;

Fig. 3 is a kind of with Microcomputer Data data processor process flow diagram;

Fig. 4 surveys synoptic diagram for branch line comes and goes;

Fig. 5 is the closed hoop synoptic diagram.

Embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Embodiment

A kind of with the settlement observation method of Microcomputer Data record with data processing, the data of gathering are handled by the computer interface dump line data of going forward side by side, its data recording, data processing method and program, a series of data with in the automatic computing settlement observation of the computer process generate all kinds of reckoners, achievement chart and printout observation report automatically.

As shown in Figure 1, with microcomputer data acquisition writing task process flow diagram, described Microcomputer Data record settlement observation method is for a kind of:

The first step. the selection schemer form: conform to, closed, come and go or branch line, non-route observation station;

Second step. select observation procedure: single instrument height, twice instrument height;

The 3rd step. with basic, the auxiliary graduation reading of preceding (back) viewpoint;

The 4th step. checking computations limits is poor: basic and auxiliary graduation degree family poor;

The 5th step. checking computations limits is poor: base, assist the poor of the discrepancy in elevation that reading is surveyed;

The 6th step. checking computations limits is poor: past, as to return the discrepancy in elevation that reading is surveyed difference poor;

The 7th step. checking computations limits is poor: the difference of the twice instrument high discrepancy in elevation of surveying poor;

The 8th step. the calculated route mis-tie.

The used hardware platform of described Microcomputer Data record settlement observation method is selected internal memory 16M RAM respectively for use, is disposed the Pocket PC hand-held sets such as " associations " of Windows CE 2.11 above versions, or the packed computer of internal memory 256kPC-E500, present embodiment is selected the packed computer of internal memory 256k PC-E500 for use.

PC-E500 is the of new generation packed computer by the development of Japanese Sharp company, palm PC (Pocket PC) is called HPC again, or be called " pouch-type " computing machine, it is the another high-tech crystallization of computer microminiaturization, its early production is models such as PC-1500, be applied on the mathematics, on the science, on the engineering, a kind of powerful tool of commercial and individual computing.It provides program in BASIC developing instrument easily, is particularly useful for the user and develops various data process applications, uses Microsoft ActiveSync to realize and the PC dynamic synchronization; Realize that with the high-performance infrared port data pass mutually; The configurable packed floppy disk drive CE-140F of a new generation's PC-E500S type product, record or admission program or data; Or configuration RAM expansion card is to expand memory space; A series of I/O interface can carry out the direct communication between computer and the computer; And configurable CE-515P multicolor graphics printer; Its power supply adopts four joint 7# common batteries, and power consumption is less, generally can use about ten days for field operation.Main frame and peripheral hardware all have small and exquisite exquisiteness, convenient and practical characteristics.

In sum, palm PC (Pocket PC) and the packed computer of PC-E500 all provide the application development platform for us, its memory space is enough to satisfy the requirement of settlement observation data recording, in addition, they also have, and volume is little, in light weight, the common feature of low-power consumption, environmental suitability is stronger, particularly is suitable for field operation and carries.In addition, consider that from economic angle these two kinds of palm PCs can be rated as inexpensive, cost performance is higher.Therefore, adopt palm PC (Pocket PC) and the packed computer of PC-E500 to write down hardware platform as field data, the settlement observation data processor is to adopt the VB language development to form.Raw data is preserved with two kinds of forms of .dat and electrical form, loses or distorts to prevent raw data.Intermediate computations data and calculating achievement are with the demonstration of excel spreadsheet case form, and be simple and clear, is easy to inquiry, also is convenient to and other application program realization exchanges data.

Rigorous adjustment methods: with the observation route measuring point or to survey the intersegmental discrepancy in elevation be the adjustment element, form normal equation, adopt least square method to find the solution system of linear equations, calculate the corrected value of each measuring point or survey section, again the actual measurement discrepancy in elevation is corrected, and carry out the accuracy of observation evaluation.

The present invention selects the packed computer of internal memory 256k PC-E500 for use with the hardware platform that the Microcomputer Data record adopts, and this hardware platform is concerning the data record: be applicable to the settlement observation data recording; Be applicable to single or the twice high observation procedure of instrument, various observation route and the observation of non-route point; Can check every limit difference error message at any time, in time correct mistakes and the data that transfinite, but also raw data can arbitrarily not changed by address storage, is difficult for losing, and the microcomputer communication by serial line interface and various WINDOWS operating systems, realize that data dump; The raw data of unloading is preserved with two kinds of forms automatically.

This method is applicable to building deformation measurement rules fine grade, is equivalent to the third-class settlement observation of measurement of the level;

Be applicable to single or the twice high observation procedure of instrument, various observation route and non-route observation station;

Can check poor, the mis-tie of every limit at any time, and point out overproof error message, in time correct mistakes and transfinite data;

Raw data can not arbitrarily be changed by the address storage, is difficult for losing;

By the microcomputer communication of serial line interface and various WINDOWS operating systems, realize the data memory dump; The raw data of unloading is preserved with two kinds of forms automatically, and a copy of it can not be changed, and another part directly is connected mutually with " sedimentation detects application program () " of development in early days, can finish and already handle, provides work report or the like in the data.

Concrete operations: connect the packed computer of 256k PC-E500 with standard RS232 serial ports line

1. start: press Key is selected the RUN pattern

Press the R enter key, can move the settlement observation data recording program

2. " main interface " is depicted as various function choosing-items (key in corresponding digital number 1～6,12)

1. dial pointer 2. records (observation data) and check that 3. (record data) 4. come and go survey (route)

5. (calculating) mis-tie 6. (overproof route) repetition measurement 12.E500 data-be sent to microcomputer

3. opening entry

3.1 by digital number 1, selected home record number and dominant record number, input home record number, input dominant record number;

3.2 record sampled data: be divided into the high and twice instrument supreme people's court of instrument No. one time;

3.2.1 by digital number 2, select the high observation of instrument, the input backsight is called the roll, input starting point elevation (is unit with rice),

The basic graduation of starting point, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of starting point;

Whether prompting corrects, and the input forward sight is called the roll, the basic graduation of starting point, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of starting point;

Forward sight roll-call control variable is imported next survey station backsight point recording mechanism, the basic graduation of starting point, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of starting point;

Backsight point recording mechanism control variable finishes;

3.2.2 select the twice high observation of instrument, the input backsight is called the roll, input starting point elevation (is unit with rice), the basic graduation of starting point, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of starting point;

Whether prompting corrects, and the input forward sight is called the roll, the basic graduation of preceding viewpoint, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of preceding viewpoint;

Forward sight roll-call control variable, the basic graduation of the high backsight of instrument for the second time, the high auxiliary basic graduation of instrument for the second time;

The input high forward sight of instrument is for the second time called the roll, the basic graduation of preceding viewpoint, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of preceding viewpoint;

Forward sight roll-call control variable: import next survey station backsight point recording mechanism, the basic graduation of starting point, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of starting point;

Backsight point recording mechanism control variable finishes;

By digital number 3, check the data content that has write down, the recording mechanism of checking is wanted in input, is followed successively by as shown on screen: recording mechanism, dominant record number, the basic graduation of X, the auxiliary graduation of Y, K classification number.

4. calculating mis-tie

By digital number 5, input is closed, meet or shuttle route on certain puts initial recording mechanism, import that this closure meets or master station's number of shuttle route, recording mechanism when certain point is closed on the input respective routes, be followed successively by as shown on screen: roll-call, recording mechanism, dominant record number, the basic graduation of X, the auxiliary graduation of Y, K classification number, roll-call, closed difference (is unit with mm), if overflow, then will show overproof value: (recording mechanism, the basic graduation of X, the auxiliary graduation of Y, K classification number, roll-call, closed difference (is unit with mm) finish.Computing formula: discrepancy in elevation mis-tie f _h=∑ h survey-∑ h reason

5. shuttle route observation method

By digital number 4, the input backsight is called the roll, input starting point elevation (is unit with rice), the basic graduation of starting point, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of starting point;

Whether prompting corrects, and the input forward sight is called the roll, the basic graduation of preceding viewpoint, the auxiliary graduation (is unit with 0.1mm) of preceding viewpoint;

Forward sight roll-call control variable comes and goes observing and controlling system variable, the basic graduation of backsight, and backsight is assisted graduation, shows the backsight roll-call, the basic graduation of backsight point, backsight point is assisted graduation (is unit with 0.1mm);

The input forward sight is called the roll, the basic graduation of preceding viewpoint, and preceding viewpoint is assisted graduation (is unit with 0.1mm);

Forward sight roll-call control variable comes and goes observing and controlling system variable, finishes.

6. calculate the overproof survey section of mis-tie and repetition measurement

Input is closed, meet or shuttle route on certain puts initial recording mechanism, import that this closure meets or master station's number of shuttle route, recording mechanism when certain point is closed on the input respective routes, be followed successively by as shown on screen: roll-call, recording mechanism, dominant record number, the basic graduation of X, the auxiliary graduation of Y, K classification number, roll-call, closed difference (is unit with mm), if overflow, then will show overproof value (is unit with mm), input repetition measurement line segment plays (beginning) some recording mechanism.Computing formula: the overproof value of mis-tie $\mathrm{\δ}=\left|f_h\right|-1.0\×\sqrt{n}$ Unit: mm.In the formula: f _hBe actual measurement discrepancy in elevation mis-tie, n is the survey station number.

The basic graduation of input backsight point, backsight point is assisted graduation (is unit with 0.1mm);

Next (route) turning point recording mechanism, the basic graduation of preceding viewpoint, preceding viewpoint is assisted graduation (is unit with 0.1mm);

Confirm to survey overproof all measuring points of this section of then resurveying of section, the basic graduation of backsight, backsight is assisted graduation;

The input forward sight is called the roll, the basic graduation of preceding viewpoint, and preceding viewpoint is assisted graduation (is unit with 0.1mm);

Forward sight roll-call control variable finishes.

7.256k the packed computer of PC-E500 sends data to microcomputer

By digital number 12, first recording mechanism of input transmission finishes to the terminal point recording mechanism of input transmission.

As shown in Figure 2, with Microcomputer Data data processing work process flow diagram, described microcomputer data processing settlement observation method is for a kind of:

The retry discrepancy in elevation of whole observation stations of first step .100%;

The every limit of the second step .100% double calculation field note is poor;

The 3rd step. the average discrepancy in elevation is calculated in pointwise;

The 4th step. from record sheet, search corresponding survey station data one by one by corresponding route;

The 5th step. fill and present adjustment, error compensation method is selected;

System of selection one: select rigorous adjustment methods:

It at first is adjustment element set established law Equation for Calculating with the discrepancy in elevation;

Separating linear equation with gauss elimination method then calculates;

Calculate with route point height after calculating adjustment at last;

System of selection two: select the non-rigorous adjustment method:

Mean allocation mis-tie at first;

Calculate route point height after the adjustment then;

The 6th step. the route point elevation is inserted the elevation reckoner;

The 7th step. non-route point elevation is calculated in pointwise;

The 8th step. fill in (observation station altitude figures) summary sheet;

The 9th step. this sedimentation value, accumulative total sedimentation value, subsidence rate are calculated in pointwise;

The tenth step. fill in achievement Report table, curve plotting figure;

The 11 step. whole intermediate computations of retrying, the process of filling in a form.

The used computer of described microcomputer data processing settlement observation method is the microcomputer that is used in the operating system of configuration Chinese edition EXCEL97 Windows98/95 and above version.

Palm PC disposes Windows CE operating system, Microsoft Windows CE is the brand-new operating system that starts anew to set up.It is 32 the multitask, the multithreading operation system that are used for various communications, amusement and portable computing equipment.Have open structural design, can provide support miscellaneous equipment.It can be transplanted through overcompression, can develop enterprise and customer class equipment widely.

For expanding the application of palm PC data and information processing aspect, Microsoft company has developed the emBedded Visual Tools SDK (Software Development Kit) based on Windows CE operating system specially.Thereby, make the developer can set up powerful application program for the user provides powerful development environment easily.

As shown in Figure 3, with Microcomputer Data data processor process flow diagram, described settlement observation method program flow process with microcomputer data processing is for a kind of:

The first step. double-click the cjjc.exe display routine main window of hardware platform, click and open program pushbutton, enter the Excel environment;

Second step. with single instrument height, the twice high observation data input of instrument computer;

The 3rd step. raw data is calculated, and calculates high twice or the average discrepancy in elevation of round closure methods;

The 4th step. error compensation method is selected;

The 5th step. the compensating computation of input route information;

The 6th step. the loop wire point height is inserted original table;

The 7th step. middle viewpoint elevation calculates;

The 8th step. fill in summary sheet;

The 9th step. printed report is single.

The present invention adopt microcomputer with the VB language compilation the practical settlement observation data processor of one cover, realized that reporting format is unified and standard, total data is handled on microcomputer and is easy to preserve, utilize, and further analyzes and researches from now on.

The settlement observation data processor is applicable to the microcomputer of the operating system of configuration Chinese edition Excel 97 Windows95/98 and above version thereof.

The settlement observation data processor adopts man-machine conversation mode's work, and is intuitively easy-to-use.Be applicable to Kiev graduation reading: the one way closure is around-France, come and go survey closed around-France, come and go and survey branch road collimation method, twice instrument supreme people's court, the i.e. repeatedly adjustment of the not closed measuring point of turning point and the elevation calculating of all kinds of branch line, the filling in of achievement Report, summary sheet.

Settlement observation data processor function:

1. the user only need import the fieldwork observation data, can calculate the discrepancy in elevation, the average discrepancy in elevation automatically, and shows the information of base, the auxilliary overproof point of reading, prompting user's modification mistake;

2. the prompting user imports relevant closed hoop, comes and goes information such as surveying branch line, and Automatic Program is searched the discrepancy in elevation of respectively standing, automatic adjustment, calculated each point height, and the evaluation precision;

3. increase the required summary sheet of user automatically;

4. can be once or summary sheet is filled up in single step, achievement Report is single;

5.---sedimentation value curve, time---the subsidence rate curve of can drawing the time.

Operation steps

1. open program

" open " file " C My Document twice instrument supreme people's court of Kiev graduation or round closed around-France "

2. new construction

" saving as: " user file name, routine 99-42 (* * square high level) clicks " preservation "

3. activation list

The table name of left click worksheet bottom " original " or " original 2 " by name, then " original " table is current active worksheet (being hotlist), the visible empty forms that gauge outfit is only arranged of screen.

4. measurement data typing

About importing data: if 1. the one way closure is around-France (Kiev graduation reading), comprise that branch line comes and goes survey, the observation data of then will all going out is imported on " original " table.

If then there is following requirement in 2. twice instrument supreme people's court or come and go and survey closed around-France (come and go and be Kiev reading):

A. observation data on the closed loop wire: must import on " original " table toward surveying (or instrument height) for the first time data, return survey (or the second time instrument height) data and must import on " original 2 " table.

B. branch line is surveyed all necessary input of data on " original " table toward surveying and returning.

If c. indivedual points have only been observed one way (toward surveying or only return the survey data, or only instrument high scale once).Then its data must be imported on " original " table, promptly should comprise observation data of being had a few and whole round survey data of branch lines on " original " table, input closed hoop and all the other measuring points returns survey data (or the high data of the instrument second time) " original 2 " table on.

5. option program

Any toolbar of right click is clicked Visual Basic from the toolbar tabulation, Visual Basic instrument pattern promptly occurs;

Click VB toolbar " run macro  " pattern, i.e. pop-up program tabulation;

6. compensating computation

Error compensation method 1 (rigorous adjustment):

Net figure numbering: press natural number and arrange, known point has precedence over point to be located, and is as far as possible little near the point to be located numbering of known point; The endpoint number of the observation discrepancy in elevation is arranged with 4 character strings, and the front two number is an endpoint number, and back double figures is an other end period, and not enough figure place is neat with spot patch; Observed reading decide the power element can the survey station number, survey segment distance (milimeter number) and determine.Putting in order of discrepancy in elevation observed reading and its corresponding endpoint number and power wants consistent; The layout of some position elevation: the numbering with point is arranged, and is unit with the millimeter

Row (last column that data are arranged) first lattice at the bottom of choosing " original " the table data field, click " run macro  " choosing " zhong (net adjustment) " program, click " execution ", dialog box is pointed out input successively: " known counting? " (importing known spot elevation counts, example 1 ↓), " the unknown is counted? " (input spot elevation to be asked is counted, example 17 ↓), " total limit number? " (import total survey hop count, example 23 ↓), " weigh element=T surely then square, otherwise not square? " (if input T then weighs 1/S^2 or 1/N^2; Otherwise import other arbitrarily letter ↓), " known point elevation H (i)=? " (import known spot elevation elevation, example 5565.45 ↓), " input is called the roll " (imports the roll-call of known point and spot elevation undetermined successively, example BMA ↓ TP12 ↓ ...), " the survey section plays----and ends period? " (input correspondence is successively surveyed the endpoint number with 4 character strings arrangements of section, example 0102 ↓ 0203 ↓ ...).

After the input, Automatic Program is searched the route discrepancy in elevation of respectively standing, and calculates mis-tie, carries out adjustment automatically, and with the computational solution precision evaluation, fills out together, constitutes by " adjustment table ".

Computing formula:

1. approximate elevation calculates

$H_j^0=H_i^0+h_{\mathrm{ij}}$

In the formula: H _j ⁰It is the approximate elevation of j point

H _i ⁰It is the approximate elevation of i point

h _IjBe i point and j the discrepancy in elevation observed reading of putting

2. the foundation of error equation and composition normal equation matrix A

Form error equation with discrepancy in elevation observed reading:

$h_k+v_k=(H_j^0+X_j)-(H_i^0+X_i)$

In the formula: h _kBe k discrepancy in elevation observed reading (k=1,2 ...., n)

v _kCorrection for observed reading

I, j are respectively the two ends period of this observed reading

H _i ⁰It is the approximate elevation that i is ordered

X _iBe the correction of approximate elevation, as the adjustment unknown number

Elevation after the adjustment $H_i=H_i^0+X_i$

Error equation can be written as

v _k＝-X _i+X _j-l _k

$l_k=h_k-(H_j^0-H_i^0)$

k＝1，2，......，n

N is the number of discrepancy in elevation observed reading

3. normal equation resolves

A _(i)Be the normal equation matrix of coefficients

B _(i)Be normal equation constant term matrix

Gauss elimination method is solved an equation:

$a_{\mathrm{ij}}\⇐a_{\mathrm{ij}}-\underset{k-\mathrm{lk}}{\overset{j-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_{\mathrm{ik}}{a}_{\mathrm{jk}}/a_{\mathrm{kk}}$

$b_i\⇐b_i-\underset{k=l_{i}i}{\overset{i-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_{\mathrm{ik}}{b}_k/a_{\mathrm{kk}}$

i＝1，2，......，m

j＝l _i，l _i+1，......，i

l _k＝max(l _i，l _j)

4. accuracy assessment

Error in the weight unit $u=\sqrt{\frac{\left[\mathrm{pvv}\right]}{n-m}}$

N: the number of observed reading

M: point to be located number (unknown point)

The point to be located mean square error of height

$m_i=u\sqrt{Q_{\mathrm{ii}}}$

In the formula: Q=A ^-1

Q _IiBe i weight of unknown inverse of inverse matrix Q of matrix A

Error compensation method 2 (non-rigorous adjustment):

Choosing " round closed around-France or twice average discrepancy in elevation of instrument supreme people's court " program (is annotated: if the closed around-France branch line that comprises of one way comes and goes survey, then choose " raw data calculating " program), click " execution ", promptly calculate the discrepancy in elevation of each measuring point and the average discrepancy in elevation of basic, auxilliary graduation reading automatically;

Row (last column that data are arranged) first lattice at the bottom of choosing " original " the table data field are clicked " run macro  ", and choosing " compensating computation of input route information " program (being grand 3) is clicked " execution ".Eject dialog box (message box) immediately: " input WF (coming and going), closed hoop (other) " surveyed if there is branch line to come and go at this moment, then imports WF ↓ ("enter" key" is pressed in ↓ expression, and is as follows).

If closed hoop is then imported other letters arbitrarily, eject dialog box " input comes and goes and surveys or the total survey station number of closed hoop ".At this moment, input route master station number as shown in Figure 4, is surveyed synoptic diagram for branch line comes and goes, and then the survey station number as shown in Figure 5, is the closed hoop synoptic diagram for input 6, and then the input of survey station number 8.Eject dialog box " point height is started in input " and for example select the TP5 point for starting at a little, then import TP5 point height (is unit with mm) ↓, example 5627.3 ↓

Eject dialog box " commentaries on classics period " to require to start at a little certainly → each turning point → start at some input one by one to call the roll

The above-mentioned branch line of example come and go to be surveyed, then import TP5 ↓ TP12 ↓ TP11 ↓ BM1 ↓ TP11 ↓ TP12 ↓ TP5 ↓, above-mentioned closed hoop TP5 ↓ TP7 ↓ F0107 ↓ TP1 ↓ TP2 ↓ TP3 ↓ TP6 ↓ TP5 ↓.

After the input, Automatic Program is searched the route discrepancy in elevation of respectively standing, and calculates mis-tie, carries out adjustment automatically, and with the computational solution precision evaluation, fills out together, constitutes by " adjustment table ".(computing formula: discrepancy in elevation mis-tie f _h=∑ h _Ij, discrepancy in elevation observed reading correction δ _h=-f _h/ n.In the formula: n is a closed path survey station number.)

If the compensating computation result is normal, then click " run macro  " immediately, choosing " the loop wire point height is inserted original table " program is clicked " execution ", this Automatic Program with adjustment after the elevation of each route turning point insert in the elevation hurdle of corresponding point in the original table;

All measuring points, turning point, each is called the roll must be unique, and promptly same point must be of the same name, and different points definitely can not be of the same name, otherwise the result of calculation mistake.

If survey a plurality of closed hoops to be arranged in the district or come and go and survey branch line.Then at first " adjustment " table is sheared, and " sticking card " repeated for the 9th ~ 11 step then to the right side (doing like this is to be capped for fear of " original table ", also in order to prevent to influence the compensating computation error of next ring), finish until each ring calculating.

Preserve and respectively go on foot result of calculation.

7. elevation calculates

Click " run macro  ", choosing " middle viewpoint elevation calculates " program, click " execution ": this program is finished non-route point elevation and is calculated.

(computing formula: H _j=H _i+ h _Ij

In the formula: H _jIt is the elevation of j point

H _iBe i the elevation behind the some adjustment correction

h _IjBe i point and j the discrepancy in elevation observed reading of putting)

8. increase summary sheet

" run macro  " then clicked in observation first, and choosing " increase summary sheet " program then ejects dialog box and " changes the house sum over to ", for example 8 ↓.

Eject dialog box " input room number " again, require successively each house numbers in the input field, for example F01 ↓, F02 ↓ ... ..F10 ↓, F15 ↓ etc., this program be a model with original " converge 1 " table, increases required summary sheet " remittance F01 " automatically ... .. " converge with F10 ", " converge F15 " etc.

9. consigner's data typing

When observing first, the construction time observation achievement that then needs the consigner is provided is inserted summary sheet (form is in full accord with summary sheet commonly used).

10. make a report on announcement, summary sheet

Click " run macro ", choosing " once filling up the summary sheet report " program, click " execution ", eject dialog box " input engineering name ", this moment should select the user to be familiar with input method, as " spelling ", " Two bors d's oeuveres " etc., import then corresponding title ↓, then input method is converted to " English " state, letter " capitalization ".Eject dialog box " input measurement date ", " input reporting date ", " input house sum ", " input room number ", " needing several reports " successively, the user is according to above-mentioned information input corresponding contents.This program can once be converged completely all data in whole summary sheets (comprise this elevation, calculate this settling amount, accumulative total settling amount, every room automatically can reach 40 points at most), and fills up corresponding report (every room of report mostly is 16 points most).

It is consistent when (1) room number is with the increase summary sheet.

(2) need report odd number=house sum/4 to round (because every report can be filled out four rooms), if certain unnecessary 16 points in room, it is standby to consider that then the 1-2 of increasing open report more.

If certain room more than 16 observation stations, then selects this room summary sheet A6 cell, click " run macro  ", choosing " is made a report on the announcement step 1 " and is clicked " execution ".(at this moment, the user can't see window any variation, but this step is to give variable in order to search corresponding data, indispensable), select a blank report (leaving out first column number earlier) then, list is left out first row earlier, selects cell eighth row the 2nd row the (the or the 6th again, the 10th, the 14th row), click " run macro  ", choosing " report three " program, fill out and click " RUN ", then fill out the 17-32 point data automatically.

11. printed report

Select the report table respectively, click run macro and select the printed report program to click operation program will be finished the header of report, the user is set changes the right hurdle of header numbering of footer.

Route turning point observation station method for numbering serial: numbering is used beginning of letter without exception.Numbering must be unique, and promptly different points can not be of the same name, and all numbering letters are without exception with capitalization.

1. the route turning point is numbered " to form by letter or character and digit, first character must be a letter.Example BM1, TP1, BMA, TP25 etc. all can.

2. the house observation station is numbered: be made up of " room number+settlement point serial number ", because of summary sheet is the summary sheet in every room, same engineering room number must be unique, so different buildings can not jack per line.

Room number numbering: constitute by letter or " letter+two digits "

Example A, B, C,

Or F01, F02 ..., F012 ... Deng all can

Example A 01No. 1 point in expression A room, B 05No. 5 points in expression B room, F01 01Represent No. 1 point in room 1.

Attention:

(1) room number must be unique, because of summary sheet is the summary sheet in every room, so different buildings can not jack per line.

(2) the room number period is if represent that with " letter+numeral+sequence number " its digital number preposition 0 can not be leaked, otherwise may cause confusion.

For example No. 12 points in No. 1 room should be expressed as F0112, and No. 2 points in No. 11 room should be expressed as F1102.If missing No. 12 points in 0 No. 1 room is F112, No. 2 points in No. 11 room are F112, and jack per line can't be distinguished.

12. curve map is made

(1) opens " making curve map " file.

(2) open the completion file.

(3) operation " make curve map .xls! The grand summary sheet copy of doing " program.

(4) data that can not calculate in the copy are removed.

(5) operation " make curve map .xls! Grand subsidence rate and average settlement speed " program.

(6) data field is chosen entirely after " copy " Table A 6 lattice, duplicates → window → curve map .xls → select the 6 lattice → stickups of data source Table A.

(7) revise " time-settlement observation value curve map " relevant data.

Claims (6)

1. one kind with the Microcomputer Data record settlement observation method with data processing, it is characterized in that, described settlement observation method is to use computer to carry out data recording, the data of gathering are handled by the computer interface dump line data of going forward side by side, its data recording, data processing method and program, a series of data with in the automatic computing settlement observation of the computer process generate all kinds of reckoners, achievement chart and printout observation report automatically.

2. according to claim 1 a kind of with Microcomputer Data record and data processing the settlement observation method, it is characterized in that described Microcomputer Data writes down the settlement observation method and is:

The first step. the selection schemer form: conform to, closed, come and go or branch line, non-route observation station;

Second step. select observation procedure: single instrument height, twice instrument height;

The 3rd step. with basic, the auxiliary graduation reading of preceding (back) viewpoint;

The 4th step. checking computations limits is poor: basic and auxiliary graduation degree family poor;

The 5th step. checking computations limits is poor: base, assist the poor of the discrepancy in elevation that reading is surveyed;

The 6th step. checking computations limits is poor: past, as to return the discrepancy in elevation that reading is surveyed difference poor;

The 7th step. checking computations limits is poor: the difference of the twice instrument high discrepancy in elevation of surveying poor;

The 8th step. the calculated route mis-tie;

3. according to claim 1 a kind of with Microcomputer Data record and data processing the settlement observation method, it is characterized in that described microcomputer data processing settlement observation method is::

The retry discrepancy in elevation of whole observation stations of first step .100%;

The every limit of the second step .100% double calculation field note is poor;

The 3rd step. the average discrepancy in elevation is calculated in pointwise;

The 4th step. from record sheet, search corresponding survey station data one by one by corresponding route;

The 5th step. fill and present adjustment, error compensation method is selected;

System of selection one: select rigorous adjustment methods:

It at first is adjustment element set established law Equation for Calculating with the discrepancy in elevation;

Separating linear equation with gauss elimination method then calculates;

At last with the high Equation for Calculating of route point after the calculating adjustment;

System of selection two: select the non-rigorous adjustment method:

Mean allocation mis-tie at first;

Calculate route point height after the adjustment then;

The 6th step. the route point elevation is inserted the elevation reckoner;

The 7th step. non-route point elevation is calculated in pointwise;

The 8th step. fill in (observation station altitude figures) summary sheet;

The 9th step. this sedimentation value, accumulative total sedimentation value, subsidence rate are calculated in pointwise;

The tenth step. fill in achievement Report table, curve plotting figure;

The 11 step. whole intermediate computations of retrying, the process of filling in a form.

4. according to claim 1 a kind of with Microcomputer Data record and data processing the settlement observation method, it is characterized in that, described with microcomputer data processing settlement observation method program flow process be:

The first step. double-click the cjjc.exe display routine main window of computer, click and open program pushbutton, enter the Exceil environment;

Second step. with single instrument height, the twice high observation data input of instrument computer;

The 3rd step. raw data is calculated, and calculates high twice or the average discrepancy in elevation of round closure methods;

The 4th step. error compensation method is selected;

The 5th step. the compensating computation of input route information;

The 6th step. the loop wire point height is inserted original table;

The 7th step. in look elevation and calculate;

The 8th step. fill in summary sheet;

The 9th step. printed report is single.

5. according to claim 1 a kind of with Microcomputer Data record and data processing the settlement observation method, it is characterized in that, the used computer of described Microcomputer Data record settlement observation method is selected internal memory 16M RAM respectively for use, is disposed the Pocket PC hand-held sets such as " associations " of Windows CE 2.11 above versions, or the packed computer of internal memory 256k PC-E500.

6. according to claim 1 a kind of with Microcomputer Data record and data processing the settlement observation method, it is characterized in that the used computer of described microcomputer data processing settlement observation method is the microcomputer that is used in the operating system of configuration Chinese edition EXCEL97 Windows98/95 and above version.

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