CN1945276A - Method for detecting oil/water split-phase seepage flow resistance gradient - Google Patents

Method for detecting oil/water split-phase seepage flow resistance gradient Download PDF

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CN1945276A
CN1945276A CNA2006100695078A CN200610069507A CN1945276A CN 1945276 A CN1945276 A CN 1945276A CN A2006100695078 A CNA2006100695078 A CN A2006100695078A CN 200610069507 A CN200610069507 A CN 200610069507A CN 1945276 A CN1945276 A CN 1945276A
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oil
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displacement pressure
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孙焕泉
周涌沂
王端平
刘显太
李振泉
杨耀忠
时佃海
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Sinopec Shengli Geological Scientific Reserch Institute
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Abstract

The present invention is experiment and detection method of oil/water phase splitting seepage resistance gradient and belongs to the field of reservoir physics research. Based on generalized seepage description theory, the flow state of any one differential linear seepage section in non-linear seepage curve may be described with the linear equation the present invention gives. The present invention proposes method of detecting oil/water phase splitting seepage resistance gradient, and by means of the method, seepage resistance gradient for the fluid phase in some flow rate and in certain conditions may be determined. The method of the present invention has the features of being simple, fast and accurate.

Description

Detect the method for oil/water split-phase seepage flow resistance gradient
Technical field
The invention belongs to the reservoir physics research field, the experimental measurement method of phase-splitting filtrational resistance gradient when relating to oil-water two-phase flow can be distinguished oil phase filtrational resistance gradient and water filtrational resistance gradient when measuring oil-water two-phase flow.
Background technology
In the seepage theory DARCY of classics law, the filtrational resistance of fluid is left in the basket and disregards, as long as displacement power is arranged, fluid will flow in reservoir.Discovering both at home and abroad in recent years, in the oil-water seepage process, the oil-water seepage of low permeability reservoir especially, its filtrational resistance is very big to the underground migration activity influence of profit.As everyone knows, object can be subjected to drag effect in motion process.The same with the motion of object, during oil-water two-phase flow, out of phase fluid (being oil and water) all can be subjected to corresponding drag effect, and the size of the two is often different, and changes with rock type, fluid type, fluid saturation and fluid percolation flow velocity.In the permeation fluid mechanics, filtrational resistance gradient commonly used characterizes the size of suffered resistance in the fluid flow event.The filtrational resistance gradient that different fluid is mutually suffered is called as phase-splitting filtrational resistance gradient, is called oil phase filtrational resistance gradient such as the suffered filtrational resistance gradient of oil, and the suffered filtrational resistance gradient of water is called water filtrational resistance gradient.
At present, the experiment test technical development of filtrational resistance gradient is comparatively slow, mainly is because to the having relatively high expectations of experimental facilities, experiment condition, and needs cost many time and fund.It seems from domestic and international ongoing research work, in the single phase fluid flow process, the method of testing of filtrational resistance gradient is mature on the whole, and also there is very big difficulty in the test of phase-splitting filtrational resistance gradient in the common flow event of profit two-phase, that is to say, during the common seepage flow of profit, classic method can not be distinguished the size of measuring oil phase filtrational resistance gradient and water filtrational resistance gradient.
Summary of the invention
Classic method can not be distinguished the problem of measuring oil phase filtrational resistance gradient and water filtrational resistance gradient when the present invention is directed to the common seepage flow of profit, has proposed new experiment detection scheme.
This measuring method is achieved in that
According to broad sense seepage flow describing method as can be known, to any one the differential linearity seepage flow Duan Eryan on the non linear fluid flow through porous medium curve, its pairing fluidised form all useable linear equation (1) is described.In the formula,
Figure A20061006950700041
Be the percolation flow velocity (l represents oil or water) of fluid phase l, K RlpBe pseudo-relative permeability, r lBe the filtrational resistance gradient of fluid phase l, Be displacement pressure gradient, u lBe the viscosity of fluid phase l, K is the absolute permeability of rock.
Figure A20061006950700051
Under a certain rock type, fluid type and fluid saturation condition, ask and arbitrary flow velocity The process of the filtrational resistance gradient of corresponding fluid phase l can divide following step to carry out.
(1) adopts flow-pressure differential to concern experiment flow, set up oil-water two-phase flow process medium fluid percolation flow velocity With the reverse displacement pressure gradient
Figure A20061006950700054
Between corresponding relation (the reverse displacement pressure gradient is the displacement pressure gradient
Figure A20061006950700055
Opposite number.The seepage direction of getting fluid is a positive dirction, and then the displacement pressure gradient is a negative value, and the reverse displacement pressure gradient equals the opposite number of displacement pressure gradient, and its value is for just; The reverse displacement pressure gradient is numerically equal to displacement pressure reduction divided by core length);
(2) in arbitrary speed Certain neighborhood in get two speed points
Figure A20061006950700057
Wherein,
Figure A20061006950700059
Figure A200610069507000510
Herein Be an abundant little flow speed value (generally getting 0.001mL/min), the purpose of doing like this is, allows three speed
Figure A200610069507000512
With
Figure A200610069507000514
Pairing seepage flow point is positioned at same differential linearity seepage flow section j, and the pseudo-relative permeability and the filtrational resistance gradient of establishing this differential linearity seepage flow section are respectively K Rlpj, r Lj, then the seepage flow descriptive equation that can obtain this differential linearity seepage flow section by formula (1) is:
(3) by in the percolation curve With Corresponding relation, with interpolation method obtain respectively with
Figure A200610069507000519
Corresponding reverse displacement pressure gradient
Figure A200610069507000520
(4) because two groups of seepage flow point coordinate
Figure A200610069507000521
Figure A200610069507000522
All satisfy seepage flow descriptive equation (2) formula of differential linearity seepage flow section j,, find the solution this system of equations and can get r obtaining a system of equations behind these two groups of seepage flow coordinate points substitution equations (2) LjAs follows:
Figure A200610069507000523
Experiment measuring step of the present invention is as follows according to formulating with co-relation:
(1) specimen is fixed on the testing table,, keeps oil speed constant by the control pump speed, carry out displacement test with different water speed, after treating that oil, water flow velocity and displacement pressure reduction are stable, record oil is fast, water is fast and displacement pressure reduction, and obtains corresponding water saturation with weight method;
(2) conversion oil is fast, and the operating process in the repeating step (1) obtains relation table and the water saturation that displacement pressure reduction is fast with oil, water is fast and oil is fast, the fast relation table of water;
(3), water fast relation table and core length fast by displacement pressure reduction and oil set up reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, the fast relation table of water;
(4), can set up the relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the different fluid speed by the fast relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, water with water saturation is fast with oil, the fast relation table of water;
(5), adopt interpolation method to calculate target water saturation sw according to the relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the different fluid flow velocity ObjRelation table between following different fluid flow velocity and reverse displacement pressure gradient;
(6) at target water saturation sw ObjUnder the condition, a rate of flow of fluid in office
Figure A20061006950700061
Certain neighborhood in get two speed points
Figure A20061006950700062
Figure A20061006950700063
Wherein, Herein It is an abundant little value (such as 0.001mL/min);
(7) by target water saturation sw ObjRate of flow of fluid under the condition With the reverse displacement pressure gradient
Figure A20061006950700067
Mapping table, with interpolation method obtain respectively with Corresponding buffer brake gradient
Figure A20061006950700069
And with volume flow rate Convert percolation flow velocity respectively to
Figure A200610069507000611
(8) according to calculating formula Calculate fluid phase l at target water saturation sw ObjAnd rate of flow of fluid Filtrational resistance Grad r under the condition Lj
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the proving installation synoptic diagram of phase-splitting filtrational resistance gradient.
Embodiment
By concrete experiment method of the present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1, experimental facilities and flow process requirement
The experiment test flow process of phase-splitting filtrational resistance gradient is identical with general flow-displacement pressure reduction relation experiment.Experiment flow require to adopt low speed, stable high precision pump and sensitivity, stable, pressure transducer accurately.QUIZIX four cylinder plunger pumps, its minimum calibrated flow 0.0008mL/min are preferably adopted in this experiment suggestion; Adopt two sleeve pressure sensor of different ranges, the while suppressed zero is checked zero point after the experiment once more before the experiment.Online data record and process software are adopted in experiment, the detected pressures stable tendency, and judge and read the pressure stable measuring point.Laboratory and constant temperature oven will have good temperature control equipment, in order to guarantee stable experimental situation temperature (remain among the embodiment under 22 ℃ the normal temperature and experimentize).The proving installation figure of filtrational resistance gradient as shown in Figure 1.
2, be ready to core sample and corresponding oil, water sample, and be ready to experimental provision by Fig. 1.
3, measuring step
(1) specimen is fixed on the testing table,, keeps oil speed constant by the control pump speed, carry out displacement test with different water speed, after treating that oil, water flow velocity and displacement pressure reduction are stable, record oil is fast, water is fast and displacement pressure reduction, and obtains corresponding water saturation with weight method;
(2) conversion oil is fast, and the operating process in the repeating step (1) obtains relation table and the water saturation that displacement pressure reduction is fast with oil, water is fast and oil is fast, the fast relation table of water;
(3), water fast relation table and core length fast by displacement pressure reduction and oil set up reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, the fast relation table of water;
(4), can set up the relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the different fluid speed by the fast relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, water with water saturation is fast with oil, the fast relation table of water;
(5), adopt interpolation method to calculate target water saturation sw according to the relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the different fluid flow velocity ObjRelation table between following different fluid flow velocity and reverse displacement pressure gradient;
(6) at target water saturation sw ObjUnder the condition, a rate of flow of fluid in office
Figure A20061006950700071
Certain neighborhood in get two speed points Wherein,
Figure A20061006950700073
Herein
Figure A20061006950700074
It is an abundant little value (such as 0.001mL/min);
(7) by target water saturation sw ObjRate of flow of fluid under the condition
Figure A20061006950700075
With the reverse displacement pressure gradient
Figure A20061006950700076
Mapping table, with interpolation method obtain respectively with
Figure A20061006950700077
Corresponding buffer brake gradient
Figure A20061006950700078
And with volume flow rate
Figure A20061006950700079
Convert percolation flow velocity respectively to
Figure A200610069507000710
(8) according to calculating formula
Figure A200610069507000711
Calculate fluid phase l at target water saturation sw ObjAnd rate of flow of fluid Filtrational resistance Grad r under the condition Lj
The employed checkout equipment of detection method of the present invention is made up of four cylinder Qizix continuous-flow pumps 1, pressure transducer 2, rock core fastener 3, core 4, constant temperature oven 5, manual pump 6, computing machine 7, gauge 8 and six-way valve 9.Four cylinder continuous-flow pumps 1 link to each other with core holding unit 3 by six-way valve 9, and confined pressure is provided for rock core fastener 3 by manual pump 6, rock core fastener 3 is arranged in the constant temperature oven 5, pressure transducer 2 is installed on the six-way valve 9, and the fluid that four cylinder Qizix continuous-flow pumps 1 provide is delivered to core holding unit 3 through six-way valve 9, enters rock core 4, the liquid that flows out enters gauge 8, the pressure that produces detects by pressure transducer 2, and passes to computing machine 7 through data line, is accepted and record by data acquisition system (DAS).
Embodiment
1, is ready to core sample and corresponding oil, water sample, and is ready to experimental provision by Fig. 1.
The experiment core: used core is ox 4-11/31 in this example, and the core parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 experiment core parameter
Core number Length (cm) Diameter (cm) Air permeability (10 -3um 2)
Ox 4-11/31 4.990 2.540 6.78
Experimental water: 3%KCL aqueous solution, density are 0.9992g/cm 3, normal temperature (22 ℃) viscosity down is 1mPa.s.
Experiment is with oily: form with kerosene and white oil configuration, the normal temperature lower density is 0.8537g/cm 3, viscosity is 1.15mPa.s.
2, measuring step
(1) by the control pump speed, keep oily fast 0.0015mL/min constant, 0.0015,0.004,0.012,0.023,0.038,0.114 carries out displacement test (water speed is respectively:, 0.228mL/min) with different water speed, after treating that oil, water flow velocity and displacement pressure reduction are stable, record oil is fast, water is fast and displacement pressure reduction, and obtains corresponding fluid saturation with weight method;
(2) conversion oil speed (with the volume flow rate of oil be arranged to 0.004,0.012,0.023,0.038,0.114 respectively, 0.228mL/min), the operating process in the repeating step (1) can obtain displacement pressure reduction and oil speed, the fast relation table (table 2) of water; In like manner, also can obtain water saturation and oil speed, the fast relation table (table 3) of water;
Table 2 displacement pressure reduction and oil speed, the fast relation table of water
Figure A20061006950700081
Table 3 water saturation and oil speed, the fast relation table of water
(3), water fast relation table (i.e. table 2) and core length fast by displacement pressure reduction and oil set up reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, the fast relation table (table 4) of water;
Annotate: in table 4, the unit of pressure is MPa, and the unit of pressure is psi in the table 2, and the conversion relation of the two is:
1psi＝4.8947572×10 -3MPa；
Table 4 reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, the fast relation table of water
Figure A20061006950700092
(4), can set up the relation table (seeing Table 5) of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the different fluid speed by reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, fast relation table (table 4) and the water saturation and oily fast, the fast relation table (table 3) of water of water;
The relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the table 5 different fluid speed
(5), adopt interpolation method to calculate target water saturation sw according to the relation table (table 5) of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the different fluid speed ObjRelation table (seeing Table 6) between following different fluid flow velocity (being the oil phase flow velocity in this example) and reverse displacement pressure gradient;
Annotate: sw in this example Obj=0.55; In interpolation process, water saturation will convert decimal to.Such as, want interpolation calculation to draw to be under the 0.0015mL/min condition at the oil phase flow velocity, with water saturation 0.55 corresponding reverse displacement pressure gradient, used interpolated data point is not (54.6,0.042) and (57.3,0.080), and should be (0.546,0.042), (0.573,0.080), promptly must be transformed into the water saturation 0.546 and 0.573 of expression decimally to the water saturation of representing with percentage 54.6 and 57.3.
Table 6 water saturation is the relation table between 0.55 o'clock different oil phase flow velocity and reverse displacement pressure gradient
Oil speed (mL/min) 0.0015 0.004 0.012 0.023 0.038 0.114 0.228
Reverse displacement pressure gradient MPa/m) 0.04763 0.206074 1.432467 5.393992 13.79693 39.17284 73.78779
(6) at target water saturation sw ObjUnder the condition, a rate of flow of fluid in office
Figure A20061006950700102
Certain neighborhood in get two speed points
Figure A20061006950700103
Wherein, Herein
Figure A20061006950700105
It is an abundant little value (such as 0.001mL/min);
In this example, sw Obj=0.55,
Figure A20061006950700106
Be the oil phase flow velocity
Figure A20061006950700108
(7) according to target water saturation sw ObjFlow velocity under the condition
Figure A20061006950700113
With the reverse displacement pressure gradient Mapping table, with interpolation method obtain respectively with
Figure A20061006950700115
Corresponding buffer brake gradient And with the volume flow rate of fluid Convert percolation flow velocity to
Figure A20061006950700118
In this example, according in the step (6)
Figure A20061006950700119
Value and table 6, interpolation calculation can get
- dp dl | j 1 = 0.05514 MPa / m , - dp dl | j 2 = 0.058921 MPa / m ;
The percolation flow velocity that obtains after the conversion is
Figure A200610069507001112
(8) will obtain in the step (7) And percolation flow velocity
Figure A200610069507001115
The substitution calculating formula
Figure A200610069507001116
Its final calculation result is: r Lj=r Oj=0.022370MPa/m; Promptly be 0.55 in water saturation, the oil phase flow velocity is that oil phase filtrational resistance gradient under the 0.021mL/min condition is 0.022370MPa/m.

Claims (2)

1, the experiment detection method of oil/water split-phase seepage flow resistance gradient is characterized in that the experiment measuring step is as follows:
(1) specimen is fixed on the experiment table, the control pump speed keeps oil speed constant, carry out displacement test with different water speed, after treating that oil, water flow velocity and displacement pressure reduction are stable, record oil is fast, water is fast and displacement pressure reduction, and obtains corresponding water saturation sw with weight method;
(2) conversion oil is fast, and the operating process in the repeating step (1) obtains relation table and the water saturation that displacement pressure reduction is fast with oil, water is fast and oil is fast, the fast relation table of water;
(3), water fast relation table and core length fast by displacement pressure reduction and oil set up reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, the fast relation table of water; The reverse displacement pressure gradient is the opposite number of displacement pressure gradient, and it is numerically equal to displacement pressure reduction divided by core length;
(4), can set up the relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the different fluid flow velocity by the fast relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and oil speed, water with water saturation is fast with oil, the fast relation table of water;
(5), adopt interpolation calculation to go out target water saturation sw according to the relation table of reverse displacement pressure gradient and water saturation under the different fluid speed ObjRelation table between following different fluid flow velocity and reverse displacement pressure gradient;
(6) at target water saturation sw ObjUnder the condition, a rate of flow of fluid in office
Figure A2006100695070002C1
Certain neighborhood in get two speed points
Figure A2006100695070002C2
Wherein,
Figure A2006100695070002C3
Herein
Figure A2006100695070002C4
Be an abundant little value, such as 0.001mL/min;
(7) by target water saturation sw ObjRate of flow of fluid under the condition With the reverse displacement pressure gradient
Figure A2006100695070002C6
Mapping table, with method of interpolation obtain respectively with
Figure A2006100695070002C7
Corresponding buffer brake gradient And with volume flow rate
Figure A2006100695070002C9
Be transformed into percolation flow velocity respectively
Figure A2006100695070002C10
(8) according to calculating formula Calculate fluid phase i at target water saturation sw ObjAnd percolation flow velocity
Figure A2006100695070002C12
Filtrational resistance Grad r under the condition Ij
Step in experimentation (1) is to step (7), and when carrying out the related data processing, the rate of flow of fluid of employing is a volume flow rate
Figure A2006100695070002C13
Its dimension is mL/min, and when doing final calculating in step (8), then the rate of flow of fluid of Cai Yonging is a percolation flow velocity
Figure A2006100695070002C14
Its dimension is um/s.Volume flow rate then is the percolation flow velocity of fluid divided by the core cross-sectional area, and the transformational relation of the two is: In the formula, Percolation flow velocity, um/s;
Figure A2006100695070003C1
Volume flow rate, mL/min; R; The rock core radius, cm.
2, the employed checkout equipment of detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that being made up of four cylinder Qizix continuous-flow pumps, six-way valve, pressure transducer, core holding unit, core, constant temperature oven, manual pump, computing machine and gauge.Four cylinder continuous-flow pumps link to each other with core holding unit by six-way valve, rock core fastener is arranged in the constant temperature oven, pressure transducer is installed on the six-way valve, the fluid that pump provides is delivered to core holding unit through six-way valve, enter rock core, the liquid of outflow enters gauge, and the pressure of generation detects by pressure transducer, and pass to computing machine through data line, accepted and record by data acquisition system (DAS).
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