CN1944520A - Process for preparing hybridized porous lithium ion cell electrolyte film - Google Patents
Process for preparing hybridized porous lithium ion cell electrolyte film Download PDFInfo
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- CN1944520A CN1944520A CNA2006101140033A CN200610114003A CN1944520A CN 1944520 A CN1944520 A CN 1944520A CN A2006101140033 A CNA2006101140033 A CN A2006101140033A CN 200610114003 A CN200610114003 A CN 200610114003A CN 1944520 A CN1944520 A CN 1944520A
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- pvdf
- hfp
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- tetrabutyl titanate
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention is process of preparing hybridized porous electrolyte film for lithium ion cell, and relates to lithium ion cell electrolyte preparing technology. The present invention proposes sol-gel process to realize inorganic nanometer doping of polymer in molecule level and phase transfer process to prepare hybridized porous electrolyte film of titania and vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene copolymer. The hybridized porous electrolyte film has inorganic phase dispersed in nanometer size inside organic phase, improved porous network structure and the organic combination between the inorganic phase and the organic phase. The hybridized porous electrolyte film possesses obviously raised electrochemical performance, stability, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for preparing polymer electrolytes, specially refer to the organic and electrolytical preparation of inorganic hybridization of polymer Li-ion battery.
Background technology
Comparing with the ordinary liquid lithium ion battery, is that barrier film and electrolytical polymer Li-ion battery improve significantly at the aspects such as specific energy, security and structure design of battery with the polymer dielectric film.As the barrier film and the ionogen of polymer Li-ion battery, polymer dielectric film should possess characteristics such as the electrochemical window of higher room-temperature ion electric conductivity, good electrode interface stability, broad and favorable mechanical performance.Press structural form, polymer dielectric can be divided three classes: pure solid polymer electrolyte (DSPE), gel-type polymer electrolyte (GSPE) and porous polymer ionogen (PSPE).At present, the electrolytical ionic conductivity of DSPE is 10
-5～10
-4Scm
-1The order of magnitude can not satisfy the requirement of polymer Li-ion battery.Two kinds of electrolytical ionic conductivities of GSPE and PSPE all can reach 10
-3Scm
-1More than the order of magnitude, but their physical strength, thermostability and also unsatisfactory with interface stability of electrode etc.Methods such as that existing research is adopted is crosslinked, grafting, copolymerization, blend and doping inorganic powder material are improved the performance of polymer dielectric film.Wherein, the research of doping inorganic powder material is more, and effect is also good.Employing extraction process preparation interpolation nanometer Al reported in the article of " electroconductibility of nano-filled PVDF-HFP composite electrolyte " in " SCI " 2003 the 24th volumes o. 11th
2O
3Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP) base electrolyte film, the ionic conductivity of this film reaches 1.7mScm
-1But what adopt in the literary composition is that inorganic nanometer powder is made weighting agent, and this fill method causes the ununiformity of dielectric film easily, thereby has influenced the performance of composite electrolyte membrane.The 1069th～1075 page of " In situcomposite of nano SiO that delivers of " Electrochimica Acta " 2005 the 51st volumes
2-P (VDF-HFP) porous polymer electrolytes for Li-ionbatteries " in the article, adopt the original position composite methods to prepare nanometer SiO
2/ polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP) combined electrolysis plastome.Experimental result shows that original position is mixed nanometer SiO
2After, the ionic conductivity of composite electrolyte membrane reaches 1.6mScm
-1About, improved with the interface stability performance smelting of lithium electrode, but SiO in the literary composition and in the undeclared composite electrolyte membrane
2Characteristic distributions.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes to be implemented in by sol-gel method that the inorganic nano to polymkeric substance mixes on the molecular level, adopts phase inversion process to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO
2) and the hybridization porous dielectric film of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP), improve the porous network structure of dielectric film and realize combination inorganic and organic phase.The present invention is intended to avoid inorganic being separated in organic phase, makes inorganic being evenly distributed in mutually in the organic phase, has clear improvement at aspects such as chemical property, stability in the hope of hybridization porous dielectric film.
Concrete experimental procedure is:
(1) preparation PVDF-HFP solution is dissolved in PVDF-HFP in the acetone, is mixed with the quality percentage composition and is 5～10% PVDF-HFP colourless transparent solution;
(2) preparation tetrabutyl titanate solution is dissolved in tetrabutyl titanate in the propyl carbinol, is mixed with the quality percentage composition and is 5～20% tetrabutyl titanate yellow solution;
(3) adjusting of PVDF-HFP solution pH value, the pH value of regulating PVDF-HFP solution with aqueous hydrochloric acid is 1～3, and simultaneously, the mol ratio that makes tetrabutyl titanate and water is a tetrabutyl titanate: water=0.01～0.1;
(4) prepare compound film-casting liquid, under 20～25 ℃, a certain amount of tetrabutyl titanate drips of solution is added in the PVDF-HFP solution of stirring, by weight percentage, make PVDF-HFP: propyl carbinol: TiO
2=1: 1～5: 0.03～0.2, be warmed up to 40～60 ℃, constant temperature stirs 4～8h, obtains heavy-gravity white film-casting liquid uniformly;
(5) system film, treat that polymkeric substance fully dissolves after, be cooled to 25～30 ℃ while stirring, should cast in the forming mould by the white film-casting liquid, treat solvent and non-solvent the volatilization after obtain titanium dioxide (TiO
2) and the hybridization porous dielectric film of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP);
(6) activation under dry environment, with the hybridization porous film immersion after the vacuum-drying in the electrolytic solution of lithium ion battery 30～60 minutes, is taken out and is inhaled the electrolytic solution that goes to the surface unnecessary, obtains having the hybridization porous dielectric film of ionic conducting property.
Compared with prior art, characteristics of the present invention are:
The present invention proposes to be implemented in by sol-gel method that the inorganic nano to polymkeric substance mixes on the molecular level, adopts phase inversion process to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO
2) and the hybridization porous dielectric film of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP), make inorganicly to be evenly dispersed in the organic phase, thereby improve the porous network structure of hybridization porous film and realize combination inorganic and organic phase with nanoscale.The present invention has avoided inorganic being separated of big scale that occur in organic phase, inorganic being evenly distributed in mutually in the organic phase, and hydridization is respond well, and therefore the chemical property of the multi-hole type hydridization dielectric film that makes, stability etc. all are significantly improved.The ionic conductivity of blank assay sample dielectric film is 3.62 * 10
-4Scm
-1, titanium dioxide (TiO
2) obviously improve with the ionic conductivity of the hybridization porous dielectric film of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP), 2～4 * 10
-3Scm
-1About.
Fig. 1 is the surperficial SEM photo of blank assay porous polymer membrane sample, and Fig. 2 is titanium dioxide (TiO
2) with the surperficial SEM photo of the hybridization porous membrane sample of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP).From Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be seen: the network skeleton thickness of apertured polymeric film is inhomogeneous Fig. 1, and the physical strength of this network skeleton structure is relatively poor; The network skeleton of hybridization porous film is thicker, even, loose porous among Fig. 2, the network gap of hybridization porous film is less, but the specific surface area of film is very big, and this structure helps absorption and the maintenance of hybridization porous film to electrolytic solution, thereby improves the ionic conductivity of hydridization dielectric film.TiO
2All make the physical strength of hydridization dielectric film improve greatly with the combination of organic phase and thicker even skeleton structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 makes the SEM figure of sample for blank assay
Fig. 2 makes the SEM figure of sample for embodiment 1
Fig. 3 makes the SEM figure of sample for embodiment 2
Fig. 4 makes the Ti element mapping of sample for embodiment 2
Fig. 5 makes the SEM figure of sample for embodiment 3
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) preparation PVDF-HFP solution takes by weighing 0.5g PVDF-HFP dissolving 6g in acetone, preparation PVDF-HFP colourless transparent solution;
(2) preparation tetrabutyl titanate solution takes by weighing the 0.1128g tetrabutyl titanate and is dissolved in the 2.5g propyl carbinol, preparation tetrabutyl titanate yellow solution;
(3) adjusting of PVDF-HFP solution pH value is to the middle hydrochloric acid soln that drips 0.2ml0.1mol/L of PVDF-HFP solution;
(4) prepare compound film-casting liquid, under 20 ℃, above-mentioned tetrabutyl titanate yellow solution is added drop-wise in the PVDF-HFP solution of stirring, obtain white mixed solution gradually, be warmed up to 50 ℃, constant temperature stirs 6h, obtains heavy-gravity white film-casting liquid uniformly;
(5) the system film is cooled to 25 ℃ while stirring, and white film-casting liquid is cast in the forming mould, treats to obtain TiO after the volatilization of solvent and non-solvent
2The hybridization porous film of/PVDF-HFP.
(6) activation, under dry environment, with the hybridization porous film immersion after the vacuum-drying in the electrolytic solution of lithium ion battery 60 minutes, the consisting of of electrolytic solution: phosphofluoric acid lithium salts (LiPF
6) dissolving is in the mixing solutions of NSC 11801 (EC) and methylcarbonate (DMC) LiPF wherein
6Concentration be 1 mole every liter, the weight ratio of EC and DMC is 1: 1.Take out and inhale the electrolytic solution that goes to the surface unnecessary, obtain having the hybridization porous dielectric film of ionic conducting property.
The SEM microcosmic picture of the hybridization porous film that embodiment 1 makes is seen Fig. 2.As can be seen from the figure: titanium dioxide (TiO
2) thicker, even, loose porous with the network skeleton of the hybridization porous film of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP), the network gap of hybridization porous film is less, but the specific surface area of film is very big, this structure helps absorption and the maintenance of hybridization porous film to electrolytic solution, thereby improves the ionic conductivity of hybridization porous dielectric film.TiO
2All make the physical strength of hydridization dielectric film improve greatly with the combination of organic phase and thicker even skeleton structure.The ionic conductivity of the hybridization porous dielectric film that embodiment 1 makes can reach 3.44 * 10
-3Scm
-1
Embodiment 2:
(1) preparation PVDF-HFP solution takes by weighing 0.5gPVDF-HFP dissolving 6g in acetone, preparation PVDF-HFP colourless transparent solution;
(2) preparation tetrabutyl titanate solution takes by weighing the 0.1128g tetrabutyl titanate and is dissolved in the 1.5g propyl carbinol, preparation tetrabutyl titanate yellow solution;
(3) adjusting of PVDF-HFP solution pH value is to the middle hydrochloric acid soln that drips 0.2ml0.1mol/L of PVDF-HFP solution;
(4) prepare compound film-casting liquid, under 20 ℃, above-mentioned tetrabutyl titanate yellow solution is added drop-wise in the PVDF-HFP solution of stirring, obtain white mixed solution gradually, be warmed up to 60 ℃, constant temperature stirs 6h, obtains heavy-gravity white film-casting liquid uniformly;
(5) the system film is cooled to 25 ℃ while stirring, and white film-casting liquid is cast in the forming mould, treats to obtain TiO after the volatilization of solvent and non-solvent
2The hybridization porous film of/PVDF-HFP.
(6) activation, under dry environment, with the hybridization porous film immersion after the vacuum-drying in the electrolytic solution of lithium ion battery 50 minutes, the consisting of of electrolytic solution: phosphofluoric acid lithium salts (LiPF
6) dissolving is in the mixing solutions of NSC 11801 (EC) and methylcarbonate (DMC) LiPF wherein
6Concentration be 1 mole every liter, the weight ratio of EC and DMC is 1: 1.Take out and inhale the electrolytic solution that goes to the surface unnecessary, obtain having the hybridization porous dielectric film of ionic conducting property.
The SEM microcosmic picture of the hybridization porous film that embodiment 2 makes is seen Fig. 3.As can be seen from Figure 3: titanium dioxide (TiO
2) thicker, even, loose porous with the network skeleton of the hybridization porous film of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP), the network gap of hybridization porous film is less, but the specific surface area of film is very big, this structure helps absorption and the maintenance of hybridization porous film to electrolytic solution, thereby improves the ionic conductivity of hybridization porous dielectric film.Simultaneously, test analysis has been carried out in the distribution of the Ti element on the hybridization porous film surface that embodiment 2 is made, and test result is seen Fig. 4.As can be seen from Figure 4, on the surface of hybridized film, the distribution of Ti element is quite even, TiO
2All make the physical strength of hydridization dielectric film improve greatly with the combination of organic phase and thicker even skeleton structure.The ionic conductivity of the hybridization porous dielectric film that embodiment 2 makes can reach 2.53 * 10
-3Scm
-1
Embodiment 3:
(1) preparation PVDF-HFP solution takes by weighing 0.5g PVDF-HFP dissolving 6g in acetone, preparation PVDF-HFP colourless transparent solution;
(2) preparation tetrabutyl titanate solution takes by weighing the 0.3807g tetrabutyl titanate and is dissolved in the 2g propyl carbinol, preparation tetrabutyl titanate yellow solution;
(3) adjusting of PVDF-HFP solution pH value is to the middle hydrochloric acid soln that drips 0.15ml0.1mol/L of PVDF-HFP solution;
(4) prepare compound film-casting liquid, under 20 ℃, above-mentioned tetrabutyl titanate yellow solution is added drop-wise in the PVDF-HFP solution of stirring, obtain white mixed solution gradually, be warmed up to 40 ℃, constant temperature stirs 8h, obtains heavy-gravity white film-casting liquid uniformly;
(5) the system film is cooled to 25 ℃ while stirring, and white film-casting liquid is cast in the forming mould, treats to obtain TiO after the volatilization of solvent and non-solvent
2The hybridization porous film of/PVDF-HFP.
(6) activation, under dry environment, with the hybridization porous film immersion after the vacuum-drying in the electrolytic solution of lithium ion battery 50 minutes, the consisting of of electrolytic solution: phosphofluoric acid lithium salts (LiPF
6) dissolving is in the mixing solutions of NSC 11801 (EC) and methylcarbonate (DMC) LiPF wherein
6Concentration be 1 mole every liter, the weight ratio of EC and DMC is 1: 1.Take out and inhale the electrolytic solution that goes to the surface unnecessary, obtain having the hybridization porous dielectric film of ionic conducting property.
The SEM microcosmic picture of the hybridization porous film that embodiment 3 makes is seen Fig. 5.As can be seen from Figure 5; The TiO of sol-gel method preparation
2The network skeleton of the hybridization porous film of/PVDF-HFP is thicker, even, loose porous, the network gap of hybridization porous film is less, but the specific surface area of film is very big, this structure helps absorption and the maintenance of hybridization porous film to electrolytic solution, thereby improves the ionic conductivity of hybridization porous dielectric film.TiO
2All make the physical strength of hydridization dielectric film improve greatly with the combination of organic phase and thicker even skeleton structure.The ionic conductivity of the porous composite electrolyte membrane that embodiment 3 makes can reach 2.45 * 10
-3Scm
-1
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of hybridized porous lithium ion cell electrolyte film is characterized in that, preparation process is:
1) preparation polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer PVDF-HFP solution is dissolved in PVDF-HFP in the acetone, is mixed with the quality percentage composition and is 5～10% PVDF-HFP colourless transparent solution;
2) preparation tetrabutyl titanate solution is dissolved in tetrabutyl titanate in the propyl carbinol, is mixed with the quality percentage composition and is 5～20% tetrabutyl titanate yellow solution;
3) adjusting of PVDF-HFP solution pH value, the pH value of regulating PVDF-HFP solution with aqueous hydrochloric acid is 1～3, and simultaneously, the mol ratio that makes tetrabutyl titanate and water is a tetrabutyl titanate: water=0.01～0.1;
4) prepare compound film-casting liquid, under 20～25 ℃, a certain amount of tetrabutyl titanate drips of solution is added in the PVDF-HFP solution of stirring, by weight percentage, make PVDF-HFP: propyl carbinol: TiO
2=1: 1～5: 0.03～0.2, be warmed up to 40～60 ℃, constant temperature stirs 4～8h, obtains heavy-gravity white film-casting liquid uniformly;
5) system film, treat that polymkeric substance fully dissolves after, be cooled to 25～30 ℃ while stirring, should cast in the forming mould by the white film-casting liquid, treat solvent and non-solvent the volatilization after obtain TiO
2With the hybridization porous dielectric film of PVDF-HFP;
6) activation under dry environment, with the hybridization porous film immersion after the vacuum-drying in the electrolytic solution of lithium ion battery 30～60 minutes, is taken out and is inhaled the electrolytic solution that goes to the surface unnecessary, obtains having the hybridization porous dielectric film of ionic conducting property.
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