CN1939851B - Perform for precise punch forming, manufacturing method thereof and manufacturing method of optical element - Google Patents
Perform for precise punch forming, manufacturing method thereof and manufacturing method of optical element Download PDFInfo
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- CN1939851B CN1939851B CN2006101415680A CN200610141568A CN1939851B CN 1939851 B CN1939851 B CN 1939851B CN 2006101415680 A CN2006101415680 A CN 2006101415680A CN 200610141568 A CN200610141568 A CN 200610141568A CN 1939851 B CN1939851 B CN 1939851B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
- C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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Abstract
A preform for precision press forming is a rotary body with a rotary symmetric axis, and has a first face and a second face. When looking down the first face from the rotary symmetric axis direction, the minimum curvature radius of the inner part of a circle having the first intersecting point of the first face as the center and a diameter of 2/3 of the outer diameter is defined as R1(min); when looking down the second face from the rotary symmetric axis direction, the minimum curvature radius and the maximum curvature radius of the inner part of a circle having the second intersecting point of the second face as the center and a diameter of 1/3 of the outer diameter are defined as R2(min) and R2(max), respectively; the maximum curvature radius of the outer part of a circle having the second intersecting point of the second face as the center and a diameter of 2/3 of the outer diameter is defined as R3(max), the distance between the first intersecting point and the gravity center isdefined as H1, and they have following relations: | R3(max) | < | R2(min) | < | R2(max) | < | R1(min) |, and H1 < | R1(min) |.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in the precise punch forming of optical elements such as non-spherical lens, to be used as the glass precast billet of blank and manufacture method thereof and aforementioned precast billet carried out precise punch forming and make the method for optical element.
Background technology
As making non-spherical lens or microlens etc. can expend the glass optical element of a large amount of labours and cost in grinding, grinding step method with high productivity, known have a precise punch forming method.This method is also referred to as the moulded optical device method of forming, be not carry out grinding, grinding, but adopt impact briquetting to form the method that lens face etc. is called as the surface of optical function face, wherein, functions such as optical function refers to makes light refraction, diffraction, see through, reflection, the central shaft that this method can also make the lens two sides is deflection but critically consistent not each other, thereby is attracted attention.
In the precise punch forming method, making is called as the glass forming body of precast billet and it is heated, adopt through precision machined punch forming module and carry out punching press, thereby make the global shape of optical element, and, critically be transferred to the mould molding face on glass and formation optical function face.In order to bring into play the advantage of precise punch forming method, not only need to improve the productivity of producing the operation of optical element from precast billet, also to improve the productivity of the operation of making precast billet, simultaneously, also to reduce production costs.Carry out grinding at the sheet glass that obtains cutting off glass block, grind in the method for production precast billet, even it is spherical like that than the precast billet of the shape that is easier to process concerning having, also need to expend time and cost, according to the difference of shape, need sometimes and glass block is processed the time and the cost of the situation same degree of making lens.For this reason, promptly allow to make optical element from precast billet, also can't give play to the advantage of precise punch forming method fully with high productivity.In order to bring into play above-mentioned advantage, need following method, promptly, as disclosed method in the patent documentation 1, melten glass is flowed out, and it is separated into the fused glass block suitable with the amount of a precast billet, in the process of cooled glass, this fused glass block is shaped to precast billet (being called hot-forming method).
[patent documentation 1] Japanese kokai publication hei 8-277132 communique
The typical shape of the precast billet that obtains by hot-forming method is spherical.For spherical precast billet, if the radius of ball is made below the radius-of-curvature of punch forming module molding surface, and it is configured in the center of punch forming module molding surface, no matter then precast billet towards how, all can avoid being called the phenomenon of air pocket, that is, avoid when impact briquetting, enclosing between the mould molding face and glass the phenomenon of environmental gas.
In addition, if counterdie and the patrix with the molding surface that is made of the big concave surface of radius-of-curvature together will be used, come spherical precast billet is carried out precise punch forming, then be difficult to precast billet is configured in the center of counterdie molding surface with stable status, the central shaft that can cause the misalignment punch forming module of precast billet, so, make manufacturing press-molded products produce uneven thickness and the optical element function that can't obtain to wish.
Even with stable status precast billet is configured in the center of counterdie molding surface, if when above mold forming face begins precast billet pressurizeed, precast billet then also can produce the problems referred to above because of the central shaft of this pressure from punch forming module departs from.
Along with miniaturization, the high resolving powerization of camera head in recent years, need make the optical element that is assembled in such device have high formed precision, and to preventing that the requirement that the precise punch forming product produce uneven thickness from also becoming strict.
Like this, though spherical precast billet is very useful, but exist above-mentioned problem.
Prevent the generation of air pocket, and enlarge the degree of freedom of precise punch forming product volume, prevent the generation of above-mentioned uneven thickness, as long as make the face by the pressurization of patrix molding surface of precast billet different with the radius-of-curvature of the face that pressurizes by the counterdie molding surface.But,, need more time and cost than the spherical precast billet of processing, thereby can't bring into play the advantage of precise punch forming method in order to process the precast billet of such shape by grinding, grinding.Given this,, and form precast billet, then can make the precast billet of above-mentioned shape with high productivity by the shape adjustment of shaping mould is waited if adopt hot-forming method.
Under the situation that adopts the moulding prefabricated base of hot-forming method, melten glass is flowed out from pipe continuously, then, not to cut out the fused glass block suitable with the amount of a precast billet with cutter knife, but adopt so-called non-shearing to cut off (シ ヤ レ ス カ Star ト) fractional melting glass, and moulding on shaping mould.For from the constantly moulding prefabricated base of continuous effusive melten glass, a plurality of shaping moulds are constantly delivered to the below of pipe and supplied with fused glass block, again mounting there is of the below output of the shaping mould of fused glass block from pipe, on the shaping mould that moves, form precast billet.At this moment, though be to carry out moving, stopping of a plurality of shaping moulds synchronously, because acceleration, the deceleration of shaping mould, have mass force and be applied on the glass block on the shaping mould.In addition, a plurality of shaping moulds are being configured under the situation of carrying shaping mould on the rotating disk, because the rotation of rotating disk, are having centrifugal force and be applied on the glass block on the shaping mould.Under such mass force effect, the fused glass block on the shaping mould is moulding in swing, so, be difficult to form precast billet with rotation symmetric shape.Particularly, the low glass of viscosity during for outflow, the viscosity that supplies to the fused glass block on the shaping mould is also low, so the deformation extent that is produced by above-mentioned mass force is big.
If the mass force of precast billet during because of thermoforming produces distortion, then can diminish the symmetry of above-mentioned rotator, the result, when precise punch forming, glass can not expand in shaping mould equably to be opened, thereby causes manufacturing press-molded products to produce the problem of uneven thickness.Like this, wanting the productivity that not only suppresses the uneven thickness of manufacturing press-molded products but also improve precast billet, is very difficult.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to address the above problem, purpose be to provide a kind of by high-quality glass constitutes and shape is suitable for precise punch forming precise punch forming with precast billet and manufacture method thereof, and provide a kind of and can make the high-precision optical element manufacture method with high productivity, described optical element carries out precise punch forming to described precast billet and forms, do not exist the optical element of problems such as uneven thickness.
The present invention in order to achieve the above object is made of following (1)～(11).
(1) a kind of precise punch forming precast billet is that glass is made, it is characterized in that,
This precast billet is the rotator with a rotation axes of symmetry,
Have first and second of protruding laterally of protrusion laterally, described first bread contains first intersection point in described rotation axes of symmetry and surperficial two intersection points that intersect, and described second bread contains second intersection point in described two intersection points;
Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked first, be the center, be that the minimum profile curvature radius of part in the circle of diameter is made as R with 2/3 of external diameter with first intersection point
1 (min)
Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked second, be the center, be that the minimum profile curvature radius of part in the circle of diameter is made as R with 1/3 of external diameter with second intersection point
2 (min), maximum curvature radius is made as R
2 (max)
Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked second, be the center, be that the maximum curvature radius of the round outside part of diameter is made as R with second intersection point with 2/3 of external diameter
3 (max)
Distance between first intersection point and the center of gravity is made as H
1, the distance between second intersection point and the center of gravity is made as H
2, at this moment, there is following relation:
| R
3 (max)|＜| R
2 (min)|＜| R
2 (max)|＜| R
1 (min)|, and,
H
1＜|R
1(min)|；
The skeletal lines that comprises the section of described rotation axes of symmetry is shaped as, and all protrude laterally at an arbitrary position, and the gradient of described skeletal lines changes continuously along described skeletal lines.
(2) as above-mentioned (1) described precise punch forming precast billet, it is characterized in that, when the distance between second intersection point and the center of gravity is made as H
2The time, there is H
2＜| R
2 (min)| relation.
(3) as above-mentioned (1) or (2) described precise punch forming precast billet, it is characterized in that the surface cure of whole surface melten glass forms.
As each described precise punch forming precast billet in above-mentioned (1) to (3), it is characterized in that (4) center thickness is 0.45～0.85 with the ratio (center thickness/external diameter) of external diameter.
(5) a kind of precise punch forming makes the melten glass outflow and isolates fused glass block with the manufacture method of precast billet, in described melten glass solidified process, molds precast billet on the recess of shaping mould, it is characterized in that,
On the recess of the shaping mould that moves, fused glass block is shaped to each described precast billet in above-mentioned (1)～(4);
On above-mentioned recess with following state forming: first the molten glass surface that is shaped to precast billet is towards downside.
(6) as the manufacture method of above-mentioned (5) described precise punch forming, it is characterized in that,, mold precast billet making fused glass block integral body when described recess floats with precast billet.
(7) as the manufacture method of above-mentioned (5) or (6) described precise punch forming, it is characterized in that described recess surface has around an all symmetric shape of center shaft rotary random angle with precast billet;
Use is along with away from the radius-of-curvature absolute value of described central shaft, described recess surface discretely or the shaping mould that reduces continuously.
(8) it is characterized in that with the manufacture method of precast billet as each described precise punch forming in above-mentioned (5) to (7), in the operation that makes described shaping mould along continuous straight runs move, stop repeatedly, moulding prefabricated base.
(9) a kind of optical element manufacture method, it is characterized in that, each described precast billet in above-mentioned (1) to (4) or the precast billet made with each described manufacture method in above-mentioned (5) to (8) are heated, use punch forming module to carry out precise punch forming.
(10) as above-mentioned (9) described optical element manufacture method, it is characterized in that, precast billet is imported in the punch forming module, described precast billet and punch forming module are heated together, carry out precise punch forming.
(11) as above-mentioned (9) described optical element manufacture method, it is characterized in that, warmed-up precast billet is imported in the pre-heated punch forming module, carry out precise punch forming.
According to the present invention, can provide a kind of precast billet and manufacture method thereof of utilizing precise punch forming stably to make high-precision optical element of being used to.
In addition, by aforementioned precast billet is carried out precise punch forming, can make high-precision optical element with high productivity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is in order to make the partial vertical sectional view of the mould that precise punch forming of the present invention uses with precast billet.
Fig. 2 is the vertical sectional view of precision stamping precast billet No.1～4 that obtain in an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the vertical sectional view of precision stamping precast billet No.5～8 that obtain in an embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the vertical sectional view of precision stamping precast billet No.9～12 that obtain in an embodiment.
Embodiment
Describe implementing best mode of the present invention below, still, the present invention is not limited to these modes.
[precise punch forming precast billet]
Precise punch forming precast billet of the present invention, it is the precast billet of glass, and be rotator with a rotation axes of symmetry, have first and second of protruding laterally of protrusion laterally, described first bread contains first intersection point in described rotation axes of symmetry and surperficial two intersection points that intersect, and described second bread contains second intersection point in described two intersection points.Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked first, be the center, be that the minimum profile curvature radius of part in the circle of diameter is made as R with 2/3 of external diameter with first intersection point
1 (min)Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked second, be the center, be that the minimum profile curvature radius of part in the circle of diameter is made as R with 1/3 of external diameter with second intersection point
2 (min), maximum curvature radius is made as R
2 (max)Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked second, be the center, be that the maximum curvature radius of the round outside part of diameter is made as R with second intersection point with 2/3 of external diameter
3 (max)Distance between first intersection point and the center of gravity is made as H
1, at this moment, there is following relation: | R
3 (max)|＜| R
2 (min)|＜| R
2 (max)|＜| R
1 (min)|, and, H
1＜| R
1 (min)|.Being shaped as of skeletal lines that comprises the section of described rotation axes of symmetry all protruded at an arbitrary position laterally, and the gradient of described skeletal lines changes continuously along described skeletal lines.
The external diameter of precast billet of the present invention is equivalent to when the rotation axes of symmetry direction is overlooked precast billet, the diameter of precast billet skeletal lines.In first, will be diameter with 1/3 of external diameter, be that part is called first central part in the circle at center with first intersection point; In second, will be diameter with 1/3 of external diameter, be that part is called second central part in the circle at center with second intersection point, and described round outside part will be called second periphery.
As mentioned above, the uneven thickness of precise punch forming product is owing to following former thereby produce: used the precast billet that does not have rotation axes of symmetry; Though used precast billet with rotation axes of symmetry, but under the state that rotation axes of symmetry departs from from the central shaft of punch forming module or under the state of rotation axes of symmetry with respect to the inclined of punch forming module, the impact briquetting of carrying out; The working accuracy of punch forming module or assembly precision are low etc.The compression aspect of the central axis direction of described punch forming module during with precise punch forming is consistent.
In order to eliminate the reason of described generation uneven thickness, on the basis of using high-precision punch forming module, also need the precast billet of following shape:
(1) in punch forming module, glass is opened to equal expansion of all directions around the central shaft of described mould easily,
(2) be configured on the central shaft of punch forming module with stable status easily,
(3) under the pressurization at impact briquetting initial stage, be difficult to depart from from the central shaft of punch forming module.
In order to satisfy above-mentioned condition (1), in the present invention, the shape of precast billet is formed the rotator shape with a rotation axes of symmetry.Like this, glass central shaft around described mould in punch forming module is opened to equal expansion of all directions.
The molding surface that constitutes the counterdie of punch forming module is a concavity, and under the little situation of the absolute value of radius-of-curvature, precast billet is rolled on described molding surface easily.As a result, for precast billet stably being configured in the central authorities of counterdie molding surface, be made as H in distance with first intersection point and center of gravity
1The time, as long as satisfy H
1Minimum profile curvature radius R less than first central part
1 (min)Absolute value, be H
1＜| R
1 (min)| relation get final product.Making under first situation about precast billet being placed on the counterdie, when precast billet was rolled, it was the trend of center rotation that this precast billet has the radius-of-curvature center with first central part with facing down, but if the height of the position of center of gravity distance first intersection point is lower than R
1 (min), then can suppress to roll, can stably place precast billet.As a result, even be applied with plus-pressure at the impact briquetting initial stage on first intersection point of precast billet and second intersection point, precast billet also is difficult to depart from from the central shaft of punch forming module.In addition, when pushing precast billet with the punch forming module with the profile of convexing into, the face that is pressed is approaching more smooth, and then precast billet is difficult to central shaft from punch forming module more to laterally departing from.Also satisfy above-mentioned like this condition (2), (3).
Though as long as precast billet stably can be placed on the counterdie molding surface in the first ventricumbent mode just enough,, preferably can also be so that the second ventricumbent mode is stably placed precast billet on the counterdie molding surface.For this reason, be made as H in distance with second intersection point and center of gravity
2The time, preferably make the shape of precast billet satisfy H
2＜| R
2 (min)| relation.
R
1 (min), R
2 (min)Value set as long as consider the radius-of-curvature of upper and lower mould molding surface of punch forming module respectively.Should be noted that not between the molding surface of upper and lower mould and precast billet this moment and enclose environmental gas, and cause being called as the generation of the glass lack of fill part of " air pocket ".When using precast billet of the present invention, general and following punch forming module is used in combination, described punch forming module, and in the time of on the counterdie molding surface that precast billet is placed concavity, (when first face is placed downside is R to the maximum curvature radius of downside central part
1 (max), when second face is placed downside, be R
2 (max)) absolute value less than the minimum profile curvature radius absolute value of counterdie molding surface.
With molding surface be under the patrix of the concavity situation about being used in combination, be used in combination with following patrix, described patrix, when precast billet being placed on the counterdie molding surface, (when first face is placed upside is R to the maximum curvature radius of upper side central part
1 (max), when second face is placed upside, be R2
(max)) absolute value, less than the minimum profile curvature radius absolute value of molding surface.
The following describes to the requirement of the manufacturing face of precast billet and with this and require corresponding scheme.
As mentioned above, in order to bring into play the advantage of precise punch forming method, also need to improve the productivity of precast billet manufacturing process.For the precast billet of shape with a rotation axes of symmetry, with glass grinding, grind to form spherical comparing, need bigger time of cost and consume higher cost, therefore wish to produce in batches with hot-forming method.
In hot-forming method, because melten glass flows out continuously with certain take-off rate from pipe, so, need isolate fused glass block from effusive melten glass, and it be received by the precast billet shaping mould, then the below is constantly sent, moulding from managing.At this moment, the fused glass block on the precast billet shaping mould recess is subjected to mass force as described above, swings on recess, thereby causes rotational symmetry to descend.In the present invention, even under the situation that applies mass force on the recess, the swing that also can suppress to cause rotational symmetry to reduce makes between second central part shape and the periphery shape satisfied | R
3 (max)|＜| R
2 (min)|, and the recess that makes the precast billet shaping mould is for obtaining the shape (back will be elaborated to recess shapes) of such precast billet.
With the 2nd prone state on the recess of precast billet shaping mould during moulding prefabricated base, if because the mass force of horizontal direction acts on glass on the recess, and make fused glass block more on recess sidewalls, then can cause the rotational symmetry (circularity of seeing from central axis direction) of the precast billet that obtains to descend.But, satisfy by the shape that makes precast billet | R
3 (max)|＜| R
2 (min)| relation, even the effect above-mentioned mass force is arranged, fused glass block also is difficult to more on recess sidewalls.
The cooling of the fused glass block on the recess is carried out from the surface to center of glass portion.In this process, the mass force of horizontal direction is also arranged in effect on glass, like this, the part that is positioned at second periphery is pressed against recess sidewalls, with radius of curvature R
3 (max), R
2 (min)The center be rotation center, effect has the power that promotes second intersection point part, thereby becomes the reason that the rotational symmetry that makes precast billet reduces.Particularly at vitrification state under, if produce the distortion impair rotational symmetry, then can make the shape of glass be difficult to restore, so must suppress the above-mentioned variation that causes by mass force.At this moment, at R
3 (max)And R
2 (min)Between if satisfy above-mentioned relation, owing to can suppress with radius of curvature R by the deadweight of glass
3 (max), R
2 (min)The center be the rotation of rotation center, so can suppress above-mentioned variation, the result can prevent the reduction of the rotational symmetry of precast billet.
And, in order to suppress above-mentioned variation, need to satisfy | R
2 (max)|＜| R
1 (min)| such relation.If with | R
2 (max)| 〉=| R
1 (min)| relation form precast billet, so, the second ventricumbent precast billet is unstable on shaping mould, when shaping mould moves, can produce the variation that makes that the rotational symmetry of precast billet reduces.Therefore, in order not reduce the rotational symmetry of precast billet, precast billet is had | R
2 (max)|＜| R
1 (min)| structure.
According to such moulding, first of precast billet is free surface, and under the effect of glass surface tension, first central part can become the shape of protruding laterally.
When from shaping mould, taking out precast billet, adopt the precast billet upper surface that attracts on the shaping mould and with its method of mentioning.At this moment, if precast billet be shaped as the such shape of the present invention, then can be by attraction with precast billet exactly to directly over mention, can not make precast billet and shaping mould this precast billet of taking-up mutually with scratching, the result can prevent the damage on precast billet surface.If the condition of the discontented unabridged version invention of the shape of precast billet, then precast billet is attracted nozzle absorption under the state that tilts (state that the precast billet central shaft tilts with respect to vertical direction), make and attract nozzle closely not contact with the surface of precast billet, so, when from shaping mould, taking out precast billet, be easy to generate and take out failure.In addition,, then can produce the scratch of precast billet and shaping mould if will under the state that precast billet tilts, it be mentioned, undesirable.
Also can take place under such problem several situations below: attract precast billet and it is aligned on the pallet, or from tray conveying to the film deposition system that is used for applying on the surface, or be aligned on the pallet after the coating, or on from the tray conveying to the punch forming device.Even in these cases, if according to precast billet of the present invention, then also can be by attracting nozzle attract precast billet reliably, make itself and holding member do not scratch to directly over mention.
In the present invention, the skeletal lines that comprises the section of described rotation axes of symmetry is shaped as, and all protrude laterally in position arbitrarily, and the gradient of described skeletal lines changes continuously along described skeletal lines, thereby glass can expand in punch forming module equably to be opened.
In addition, the preferred implementation of precast billet of the present invention, the precast billet that all is solidified to form for whole surface by molten glass surface.Precast billet also can be made by mechanical workouts such as attrition process, but, make the words of precast billet of the present invention if adopt mechanical workout, then can expend and time and the cost made by mechanical workout as the optical element certain degree of the finished product, impair the advantage of precise punch forming method.In addition, there is the latent lesion of grinding damage or producing in the surface of the precast billet of making by mechanical workout when grinding, and this damage is the thermal shocking when in the precise punch forming precast billet being heated etc. probably, and becomes the reason of glass breakage.And relative with it, according to above-mentioned embodiment, because whole surface all is solidified to form by molten glass surface, so, can obtain not having the surface of the damage of grinding, no latent lesion, can realize the precast billet that resistance to sudden heating is good.
The preferred implementation of precast billet of the present invention is a center thickness and the ratio (center thickness/external diameter) of external diameter is 0.45～0.85 precast billet, if 0.55～0.80 precast billet is then better.In precise punch forming, use the precast billet that equates with moulding product volume mostly, with respect to predetermined volume, big if external diameter becomes, then precast billet can't be configured in the tube mould that constitutes punch forming module or being called in the telescopic parts of guiding upper and lower mould., in the above-described embodiment, aforementioned proportion is made as more than 0.45 for this reason, under the situation of the upper limit of having set external diameter,, can makes the volume of precast billet reach required value by the thickening center thickness.But, if described ratio greater than 0.85, then places the glass on the shaping mould to become unstable when the precast billet moulding, cause rotational symmetry to reduce, so, ratio (center thickness/external diameter) is set in the above-mentioned scope.
Be not particularly limited the glass that is used for forming precast billet, still, still wish to adopt the glass that does not contain arsenic, PbO, arsenic is easy to the molding surface of punch forming module is caused damage when precise punch forming; And PbO is reduced when precise punch forming and separate out from glass surface, thereby is attached on the molding surface of punch forming module, can impact the accurate transfer printing of molding surface to glass.If consider to be used for optical element, wish that then the glass of formation precast billet is opticglass.As such opticglass, can enumerate and contain B
2O
3And La
2O
3Glass, contain P
2O
5And Nb
2O
5Glass, contain SiO
2And B
2O
3Glass, contain P
2O
5And Li
2The glass of O, fluorine phosphorous glass etc.
[the precise punch forming manufacture method of precast billet]
The following describes the manufacture method of precise punch forming with precast billet.
The precise punch forming of the present invention manufacture method of precast billet, be to make the melten glass outflow and isolate fused glass block, in described melten glass solidified process, on the recess of shaping mould, mold precast billet, it is characterized in that, on the recess of the shaping mould that moves, fused glass block is shaped to the precast billet of the invention described above; On above-mentioned recess with following state forming: first the molten glass surface that is shaped to precast billet is towards downside.
By on recess, carrying out moulding towards the state of downside with the molten glass surface that is shaped to first of precast billet, can on the recess that moves, keep the variation of glass stable, can mold the high precast billet of rotational symmetry, the result can obtain the few precise punch forming product of uneven thickness.
In the manufacture method of above-mentioned precast billet, preferably make fused glass block integral body moulding prefabricated base when recess floats.By fused glass block integral body is floated, compare with not making its situation of floating, shortened the duration of contact of glass and recess.Even being remained on the melten glass contact, the temperature of recess also can not produce the lesser temps of thermal welding.When fused glass block when such recess contacts, can produce fold on the surface of precast billet.In addition, if, then can produce the glass breakage that is called as internal fissure (the カ Application cuts れ) in that the contacted fused glass block that makes simultaneously of fused glass block and recess is cooled off.And, then can eliminate these problems according to above-mentioned embodiment.
In the present invention, wish to use following shaping mould, wherein, described recess surface has around an all symmetric shape of center shaft rotary random angle, and along with away from described central shaft, the radius-of-curvature absolute value of described recess surface reduces discretely or continuously.At this, the example as the absolute value of radius-of-curvature reduces discretely has following situation etc.: the outside, zone at the radius-of-curvature r1 that comprises central shaft is the zone of radius-of-curvature r2, promptly | r1|＞| the relation of r2| is set up; Perhaps the more lateral in the zone of radius-of-curvature r2 is the zone of radius-of-curvature r3, promptly | r2|＞| the situation that the relation of r3| is set up.Also can be following situation: the existing part that reduces discretely along with the radius-of-curvature absolute value away from central shaft, recess surface also has the part that reduces continuously.
By using such shaping mould, the precast billet of the present invention of moulding easily, and, even the glass on the recess is imposed acceleration, also can suppress the variation that the precast billet rotational symmetry reduces and so on.
In above-mentioned each method, wish in the operation of moving, stopping of carrying out described shaping mould along continuous straight runs repeatedly, to carry out the moulding of precast billet.Since in the method glass be with shaping mould carry out horizontal direction move in moulding, so this method is to be suitable for mass-produced method.Such action of shaping mould makes the rotational symmetry of precast billet reduce easily, but according to the present invention, but can suppress the reduction of described rotational symmetry, can worry the reduction of rotational symmetry, thereby improves the property produced in batches.
About structure from shaping mould to the shaping mould recess that supply with the floating of fused glass block, fused glass block,, material etc., can utilize known method, structure, material.
Even precast billet on the cooling recess until applying the temperature province that external force also can not produce distortion, is taken out it, carries out anneal then from recess.The removing method of precast billet, method for annealing all can adopt known method.
Clean the precast billet of moulding as required, in addition, also can form carbon film or self-organization film as required on the whole surface of precast billet.The stretching, extension of glass when such film helps impact briquetting, and can play the effect of the release property that improves manufacturing press-molded products.
[optical element manufacture method]
The following describes optical element manufacture method of the present invention.
Optical element manufacture method of the present invention is, heats and uses punch forming module to carry out the method for precise punch forming to the precast billet of the invention described above or according to the precast billet that the manufacture method of the invention described above is made.
According to the present invention, owing to adopted above-mentioned precast billet, so, can not produce defective ground such as air pocket and make the optical element that rarely has uneven thickness.
For the manufacturing of the heating of precast billet, punch forming module, material, as required and, can adopt known parts and method at the environmental gas that strikes out the mold release film that is provided with on the profile, precise punch forming method, precise punch forming.And the precise punch forming condition also can suitably be set according to the specification as the optical element of object.
The present invention includes following two embodiments.
First embodiment is that precast billet is imported in the punch forming module, described precast billet is heated with punch forming module and carries out the method for precise punch forming.For this method since under the state that in advance precast billet is imported in the punch forming module assembly jig component parts, and precast billet heated with punch forming module, so, can easily make the high optical element of form accuracy.
Second embodiment is warmed-up precast billet is imported in the pre-heated punch forming module and to carry out the method for precise punch forming.For this method, owing to can make the Heating temperature of punch forming module be lower than the Heating temperature of precast billet, so, from the viewpoint of the long lifetime of mould is preferred, and, compare with first embodiment, can also adopt a spot of punch forming module to produce optical element in batches.
Can consider preferentially to utilize which kind of advantage to decide and select which kind of embodiment.
Suitably change by the shape, the size that make punch forming module, can make lens such as biconvex lens, biconcave lens, convex lens, concavees lens, spherical lens, non-spherical lens, various lens such as microlens etc.
[embodiment]
The mediation frit, it is imported melt container, it is heated, make it fusion, clarify and stirred, make melten glass A and the B that does not contain bubble with uniform state, melten glass A and glass B are flowed out from pipe continuously with certain flow respectively, and with mould No.a～h, accept the lower end of molten glass flow, the partial vertical section of the recess of described mould No.a～h as shown in Figure 1.Then, mould is descended rapidly, the fused glass block of predetermined quality is carried on the recess.Recess is made into by porous material, and gas is sprayed from porous material.By above-mentioned gas to applying air pressure upwards on the glass block on the recess, so, make glass block with in recess, float state be cooled, mold and have Fig. 2～the precast billet No.1～No.12 of vertical section shape shown in Figure 4.Fig. 2～precast billet section shown in Figure 4 is the section that comprises the rotary middle spindle of precast billet.
At this, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2～Fig. 4 are described.Fig. 1 is the vertical section of the recess of mould as mentioned above, and described section comprises the center when overlooking recess.The value of representing with φ among Fig. 1 is the diameter of the face of direct or indirect supporting glass.Type a, c, h are definite value R at the entire area incurvature radius of diameter phi.The recess of type b, d, e, f, g forms, in the scope of diameter phi, and diameter phi ' the interior radius of curvature R of scope ' different with the radius of curvature R in the outside in the diameter phi scope.Recess forms, and the face with different curvature radius is in diameter phi ' circumference on link to each other smoothly.Radius of curvature R among type b, d, e, f, the g ' the center, be positioned at the point that departs from from the rotation axes of symmetry of recess.The value of φ, φ ', R, R ' mm unit representation among Fig. 1.
Fig. 2～Fig. 4 represents the section of the precast billet of mounting under the state on the recess.Under the situation that is small-sized precast billet, preferably make first intersection point be positioned at downside, promptly be positioned at a side, so the mode that is positioned at downside with first intersection point is described the section of No.1～3, No.7,8 precast billet towards recess.Other precast billet is then described in first intersection point mode up.The point that is plotted in the horizontal right side of each precast billet among Fig. 2～Fig. 4 is represented the height of gravitational center of each precast billet.Each numerical value among Fig. 2～Fig. 4 is also used the mm unit representation.
The expression of table 1 and table 2 is adopted melten glass A and melten glass B respectively and the precast billet No.1～No.6 that obtains and the R of precast billet No.7～No.12
1 (min), R
2 (max), R
2 (min), R
3 (max), H
1, H
2, external diameter, center thickness, center thickness/external diameter, quality.
Table 1
Table 2
Adopt a plurality of identical moulds, carry out such operation in order repeatedly, thereby constantly mold precast billet from continuous effusive glass.Around the turning axle of rotary table with a plurality of identical moulds with being disposed on the rotary table of equating, by making above-mentioned worktable calibration rotation, empty mould can be transplanted on pipe under and make it to stop, then accept glass block as described above.above-mentionedly move repeatedly like that, the enterprising oozy glass piece of mould of shut-down operation is to the moulding of precast billet.
Even apply external force also during indeformable scope when the temperature of precast billet is reduced to, make attract nozzle directly over the precast billet near precast billet, with the central part that attracts nozzle absorption precast billet upper surface, with its to directly over mention, from mould, take out.
According to present embodiment,, can obtain the good precast billet of rotational symmetry though be moulding prefabricated base on the mould that moves repeatedly, stops.In addition, attract nozzle that precast billet is taken out from mould, also can not have to take out precast billet in the attraction mould that unsuccessfully never dig is brought even adopt.As long as the recess shapes of mould is certain, the shape of the precast billet that obtains so also is certain, and also can be when precast billet is not taken out from mould damage in the generation of the surface of precast billet with the friction of mould.
Like this; respectively as shown in Table 1 and Table 2; from melten glass A make continuously be suitable for precise punch forming, by specific refractory power (nd) be 1.69350, Abbe number (ν d) is 53.2, vitrification point (Tg) is precast billet No.1～6 that 520 ℃ opticglass constitutes, from melten glass B make continuously be suitable for precise punch forming, by specific refractory power (nd) be 1.58313, Abbe number (ν d) is 59.46, vitrification point (Tg) is precast billet No.7～12 that 500 ℃ opticglass constitutes.
In the present embodiment; adopt melten glass A and B respectively and make the precast billet that constitutes by opticglass; but; also can adopt other opticglass; for example specific refractory power (nd) is 1.58913, Abbe number (ν d) is 61.3, vitrification point (Tg) is 515 ℃ opticglass, and perhaps specific refractory power (nd) is 1.860610, Abbe number (ν d) is 40.7, vitrification point (Tg) is opticglass of 560 ℃ etc.
Then, adopt the precise punch forming mould that above-mentioned precast billet is carried out precise punch forming, thereby make non-spherical lens.The lens that obtain have good surface accuracy, are the high high-performance non-spherical lenses of rotational symmetry.Therefore, can confirm when precise punch forming, between glass and die surface, not produce problems such as air pocket or uneven thickness.
Like this, can stably make various non-spherical lenses, for example, the lens of convex lens, the contour performance of concavees lens.
Industrial applicibility
According to the present invention, can obtain stably to make by precise punch forming the precise punch forming prefabricated blank of high-precision optical element, can adopt this prefabricated blank to produce high-precision optical element with high production rate.
Claims (11)
1. a precise punch forming precast billet is that glass is made, it is characterized in that,
This precast billet is the rotator with a rotation axes of symmetry,
Have first and second of protruding laterally of protrusion laterally, described first bread contains first intersection point in described rotation axes of symmetry and surperficial two intersection points that intersect, and described second bread contains second intersection point in described two intersection points;
Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked first, be the center, be that the minimum profile curvature radius of part in the circle of diameter is made as R with 2/3 of external diameter with first intersection point
1 (min)
Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked second, be the center, be that the minimum profile curvature radius of part in the circle of diameter is made as R with 1/3 of external diameter with second intersection point
2 (min), maximum curvature radius is made as R
2 (max)
Will be when described rotation axes of symmetry direction be overlooked second, be the center, be that the maximum curvature radius of the round outside part of diameter is made as R with second intersection point with 2/3 of external diameter
3 (max)
Distance between first intersection point and the center of gravity is made as H
1, the distance between second intersection point and the center of gravity is made as H
2, at this moment, there is following relation:
| R
3 (max)|＜| R
2 (min)|＜| R
2 (max)|＜| R
1 (min)|, and,
H
1＜|R
1(min)|；
The skeletal lines that comprises the section of described rotation axes of symmetry is shaped as, and all protrude laterally at an arbitrary position, and the gradient of described skeletal lines changes continuously along described skeletal lines.
2. precise punch forming precast billet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when the distance between second intersection point and the center of gravity is made as H
2The time, there is H
2＜| R
2 (min)| relation.
3. precise punch forming precast billet as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the surface cure of whole surface melten glass forms.
4. precise punch forming precast billet as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, center thickness is 0.45～0.85 with the ratio (center thickness/external diameter) of external diameter.
5. the manufacture method of a precise punch forming usefulness precast billet makes the melten glass outflow and isolates fused glass block, in described melten glass solidified process, molds precast billet on the recess of shaping mould, it is characterized in that,
On the recess of the shaping mould that moves, fused glass block is shaped to each described precast billet in the claim 1～4;
On above-mentioned recess with following state forming: first the molten glass surface that is shaped to precast billet is towards downside.
6. precise punch forming as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that with the manufacture method of precast billet, making fused glass block integral body when described recess floats, molds precast billet.
7. as the manufacture method of claim 5 or 6 described precise punch formings usefulness precast billet, it is characterized in that described recess surface has around an all symmetric shape of center shaft rotary random angle;
Use is along with away from the radius-of-curvature absolute value of described central shaft, described recess surface discretely or the shaping mould that reduces continuously.
8. as the manufacture method of claim 5 or 6 described precise punch formings usefulness precast billet, it is characterized in that, in the operation that makes described shaping mould along continuous straight runs move, stop repeatedly, moulding prefabricated base.
9. optical element manufacture method, it is characterized in that, each described precast billet in the claim 1 to 4 or the precast billet made with each described manufacture method in the claim 5 to 8 are heated, use punch forming module to carry out precise punch forming.
10. optical element manufacture method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, precast billet is imported in the punch forming module, and described precast billet and punch forming module are heated together, carries out precise punch forming.
11. optical element manufacture method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, warmed-up precast billet is imported in the pre-heated punch forming module, carries out precise punch forming.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005287762A JP4318681B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Preform for precision press molding, manufacturing method thereof, and manufacturing method of optical element |
| JP2005-287762 | 2005-09-30 | ||
| JP2005287762 | 2005-09-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1939851A CN1939851A (en) | 2007-04-04 |
| CN1939851B true CN1939851B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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| JP (1) | JP4318681B2 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1967883B1 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2012-11-07 | Nikon Corporation | Zoom lens of the telephoto type and having four lens groups |
| JP5095564B2 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2012-12-12 | Ｈｏｙａ株式会社 | Mold, method for manufacturing glass molded body using the mold, and method for manufacturing optical element |
| JP5657226B2 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 株式会社オハラ | Method for producing glass molded body |
| CN109415236B (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2022-08-09 | Hoya株式会社 | Glass material for press molding and method for producing optical element using same |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007099529A (en) | 2007-04-19 |
| CN1939851A (en) | 2007-04-04 |
| JP4318681B2 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
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