CN1930918A - Heating element and production method thereof - Google Patents
Heating element and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1930918A CN1930918A CNA2005800079633A CN200580007963A CN1930918A CN 1930918 A CN1930918 A CN 1930918A CN A2005800079633 A CNA2005800079633 A CN A2005800079633A CN 200580007963 A CN200580007963 A CN 200580007963A CN 1930918 A CN1930918 A CN 1930918A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/006—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using interdigitated electrodes
Abstract
A heating element includes a base substrate, a pair of electrodes, a resistor capable of generating heat, a conductive resin, a terminal member, a hot melt adhesion metal, a hot melt cohesion metal, and a lead wire. The pair of electrodes is provided on the base substrate, and the resistor is formed between the pair of electrodes. The conductive resin is provided on each of the electrodes, and the terminal member is provided on the conductive resin. The adhesion metal is provided on the terminal member, and the cohesion metal forms a molten phase along with the adhesion metal. An end of the lead wire is welded to the cohesion metal. The conductive resin is provided in the vicinity of the adhesion metal so as to be affected by heat of the adhesion metal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heater and the manufacture method thereof that to use as the thermal source of greenhouse, heating, drying etc.
Background technology
Heater in the past for example is disclosed in the WO2004/001775A1 communique.Below, with reference to its structure of description of drawings.Figure 18 A is the partial cut plane graph of heater in the past, and Figure 18 B is this heater major part profile.
On the base material 111 of the flexibility that constitutes by mesh and film, by making the dry pair of electrodes 112 that is formed with of silver paste (paste).Between pair of electrodes 112, be provided with heater 113.In the end of electrode 112, be provided with portion of terminal 114.In addition, be provided with lining material 115 in the mode that covers them.On portion of terminal 114,, bonding and be electrically connected with terminal component such as Copper Foil (below, be called parts) 116 with conductive adhesive (below, be called bonding agent) 117 in the end of electrode 112.In addition, in the other end of parts 116, utilize scolder 118 to be connected with lead-in wire 119.
By making on the dry electrode 112 that forms of silver paste, can not weld direct lead-in wire 119.Thereby, utilize bonding agent 117 that parts 116 and electrode 112 is bonding and form portion of terminal 114 for the time being, thereby parts 116 and lead-in wire 119 are welded.Like this, electrode 112 and lead-in wire 119 are electrically connected.
In this structure, though parts 116 and lead-in wire 119 utilize scolder 118 to engage more securely, joint physics, electric of electrode 112 and parts 116 then depends on bonding agent 117.General conductive adhesive disperses gold, silver, nickel, carbon etc. to constitute as electroconductive particle in epoxy resin, uses the resin of room temperature vulcanizing type if still consider operability, and then adhesive strength will be insufficient.
Summary of the invention
Heater of the present invention has the jointing metal of base material, pair of electrodes, the resistance that can generate heat, electroconductive resin, terminal component, hot melt property, the bond and the lead-in wire of hot melt property.Pair of electrodes is set on the base material, and resistance is formed between the pair of electrodes.Electroconductive resin is arranged on each electrode, and terminal component is arranged on the electroconductive resin.Jointing metal is arranged on the terminal component, and bond is formed with fusion mutually with jointing metal.One end of lead-in wire is fused to bond.In addition, electroconductive resin be arranged on the degree of the thermal impact that is subjected to jointing metal jointing metal near.In this structure, in the position arbitrarily of heater, can form that allowable current is big, firm engagement, reliability height and the high portion of terminal of productivity ratio.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plane graph of structure that the heater of embodiments of the present invention 1 is shown;
Fig. 2 is the profile of heater shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the major part amplification profile of heater shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 A～Fig. 4 D is the profile that the manufacturing step of heater shown in Figure 1 is shown;
Fig. 5 is the plane graph of cutting apart preceding structure that is illustrated in the terminal component that uses in the heater of embodiments of the present invention 1;
Fig. 6 is a side view of cutting apart preceding terminal component shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is the plane graph of the terminal component that uses in the heater of embodiments of the present invention 1;
Fig. 8 is the plane graph of the another terminal parts that use in the heater of embodiments of the present invention 1;
Fig. 9 is the side view of the terminal component that uses in the heater of embodiments of the present invention 1;
Figure 10 is the plane graph of structure that the heater of embodiments of the present invention 2～11 is shown;
Figure 11 is the curve chart that the tensile properties of heater shown in Figure 10 is shown;
Figure 12 is the curve chart that the reliability properties of heater shown in Figure 10 is shown;
Figure 13 A is the incision plane graph of structure that the heater of embodiments of the present invention 12,14 is shown;
Figure 13 B is the profile of the heater shown in Figure 13 A;
Figure 14, Figure 15 are the performance plots of the TG analysis result of the fire retardant in the heater shown in Figure 13 A;
Figure 16 A is the incision plane graph of structure that the heater of embodiments of the present invention 13,15 is shown.
Figure 16 B is the profile of the heater shown in Figure 16 A;
Figure 17 is the performance plot of the TG analysis result of the fire retardant in the heater shown in Figure 16 A;
Figure 18 A is the plane graph that heater in the past is shown; And
Figure 18 B is the major part profile of the heater shown in Figure 18 A.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to the description of drawings embodiments of the present invention.In addition, in each execution mode, give identical symbol for part with structure identical with the execution mode of front, and detailed.
(execution mode 1)
Fig. 1 is the plane graph of structure that the heater of embodiments of the present invention 1 is shown, and Fig. 2 is the profile at the A-A line place of heater shown in Figure 1, and Fig. 3 is the major part amplification profile of heater shown in Figure 1.
Crystalline resin is not limited to EVA.Can use ethylene-vinyl acrylic copolymer resin (EEA), ethylene-methyl methacrylate methyl esters copolymer resins (EMMA), polyvinyl resin, etc. vistanex.And then, also can be separately or use them in combination.In addition, also can be separately or use carbon black in combination.And then, if also elastomer is dissolved in the solvent then can uses various elastomers.
Be formed with base material 1 all of electrode 2 and resistance 3, the exterior packaging material 6C of the hot melt property resin film of thickness 30 μ m is covered by for example for example being laminated with on the pet film of thickness 50 μ m.Exterior packaging material 6C is set in the thermal welding that the lamination roller bearing more than the fusing point of hot melt property resin film carries out and forms by utilization.Like this, the heater of present embodiment as basic structure, has base material 1, electrode 2, resistance 3 and covers their exterior packaging material 6C.
In addition,, be formed with terminal component (below, be called terminal) 4, utilize electroconductive resin (below, be called resin) 5 electric and physically engage between electrode 2 and the terminal 4 at the current feed department of electrode 2.That is, resin 5 is set on the electrode 2, and terminal 4 is arranged on the resin 5.Terminal 4 is made of the copper coin of thickness 70 μ m.For resin 5, use and in copolyester, disperse silver powder to give material and then add the conductive paste that isocyanates is made as curing agent in right amount as conductivity.That is, resin 5 comprises and has thermosetting material.
In addition, on terminal 4, be formed with the jointing metal 7 of hot melt property, the bond 8 of hot melt property arranged, in the hole that connects exterior packaging material 6, be filled with the fusion phase that is formed between jointing metal 7 and the bond 8 in a lead-in wire end welding of 9.That is, exterior packaging material 6 also covers terminal 4 and jointing metal 8.Jointing metal 7, bond 8 for example are made of scolder.At this, jointing metal 7 is arranged on the inboard of the position that is provided with resin 5 between the centre with terminal 4.Like this, terminal 4 is able to electric with lead-in wire 9 and physically is connected.
Below, the manufacture method of the heater of present embodiment is described.At first, printing conductive silver paste and make it dry and form pair of electrodes 2 on base material 1.At this moment, constitute the copolymer polyester resin of electrode 2, under 150 ℃, 30 minutes condition, with the mode drying of fully hardening because of isocyanates.
Then, printed resistor cream between pair of electrodes 2, and dry under 150 ℃, 30 minutes condition, thus resistance 3 formed.Thereafter, application of resin 5 on the current feed department of electrode 2, and carry thereon and crimp type terminal 4.
And then, at the middle body of terminal 4, utilize welding gun to form jointing metal 7.Heating because of when forming jointing metal 7 causes the sclerous reaction that is included in the isocyanates in the resin 5, and terminal 4 is fixed on the current feed department of electrode 2.That is, resin 5, on the effect of the heating when being subjected to forming jointing metal 7, be arranged on jointing metal 7 near.Thereafter, with the lamination roller bearing thermal welding exterior packaging material 6 of 170 ℃ of surface temperatures, thereby the heater main part is finished.
Then, be connected lead-in wire 9 with terminal 4, thereby heater is finished.At lead-in wire 9 front end, welding bond in advance 8, and the limit is with the part of welding gun heating bond 8, and push on the surface of exterior packaging material 6 on the limit, and these exterior packaging material 6 linings are formed on the jointing metal 7 on the terminal 4.At this moment, rely on the heat of welding gun, in exterior packaging material 6 fusions, jointing metal 7 on the terminal 4 and welding are one in bond 8 fusions of the front end of lead-in wire 9.
Its result, the through hole 6D that buries exterior packaging material 6 mutually that jointing metal 7 engages with bond 8 mutual fusions, thus form the fusion phase, and terminal 4 and 9 finish being connected of electric and physics of going between.In this structure, lead-in wire 9 fracture strength is about 10kgf, and resin 5 formed bonding parts, because have the fracture strength more than or equal to lead-in wire 9, so very durable.In addition, even flow through the electric current of continuous 5A on the terminal part, temperature rises also smaller or equal to 2K, thereby this is no problem in practicality.
Be formed on the terminal 4 of the current feed department of electrode 2, engage with electrode 2 via resin 5.Therefore, the material of electrode 2, the material that has formed even disperseed the conductive paste sclerosis of the such so-called resin system of silver powder in copolymer polyester resin also can form electric and physical property engages.In addition, sheet metal etc. is used for electrode 2 also can forms electric and physical property engages, thus can be under the situation of the restriction of the material that is not subjected to electrode splice terminal 4.And, resin 5 and since be formed on be subjected to making jointing metal 7 and bond 8 fusions and in conjunction with the time the position of thermal impact, so because fully sclerosis, thereby the bond strength of resin 5 is higher.In addition, resin 5, because planar between the centre with thin-walled, so the resistance value of bonding part is extremely low, even the Continuous Flow super-high-current also can generate heat hardly.In addition, by guaranteeing bonding area, can guarantee full intensity.
And then, because be formed on exterior packaging material 6 support terminals 4 in the outside of terminal 4, so that this joint further becomes is firm.In addition, jointing metal 7 and bond 8 are under the heated condition more than or equal to melt temperature, via the through hole 6D that the heat fusing because of exterior packaging material 6 forms, the welding by mutual heat fusing.This combination is the combination between the metal, thereby electrode 2 is able to electric with lead-in wire 9 and physical property ground is connected securely.
Be arranged on the through hole 6D on the exterior packaging material 6, because combined metal 7 or jointing metal 8 fill mutually, so can keep air-tightness.Terminal 4 can be formed on the position arbitrarily of electrode 2, and the change of the link position of lead-in wire 9 is easy.In addition, which position no matter terminal 4 be formed on, in charity after the exterior packaging material 6, can connect lead-in wire 9.Its result, the position arbitrarily at heater can form the current feed department that allowable current is big, reliability is high and productivity ratio is high.This structure, supply voltage lower and under need situation than multiple current, formed and obtain Fast Heating and need under the situation of heater of bigger inrush current with resistance temperature characteristic, extremely effective.
In addition, electrode 2 has thermosetting, with resin 5 with before electrode 2 engages, electrode 2 is thermmohardening.Though with electrode 2 thermal weldings before the thermmohardening be easy because as by the strength reduction of convered structure, so and can not obtain sufficient adhesion strength between the terminal 4.By on the electrode after the thermmohardening 2, engaging unhardened electroconductive resin cream and making its sclerosis form resin 5, can guarantee the needed sufficient adhesion strength of power supply.
Below, another manufacture method of heater shown in Figure 1 is described.Fig. 4 A～Fig. 4 D is the profile that the manufacturing step of heater shown in Figure 1 is shown.
At first, shown in Fig. 4 A, printing conductive silver paste and make its drying on base material 1, and form pair of electrodes 2.Then, printed resistor cream, and under 150 ℃ of conditions of 30 minutes, make its drying, thus form resistance 3.On the other hand, at the 1st formation resin 5 of terminal 4, at 2nd the formation jointing metal 7 relative with the 1st.Like this, prepare terminal component 10 in advance.In addition, shown in Fig. 4 B,, terminal component 10 is placed on the current feed department of electrode 2 in the mode that the face that is formed with resin 5 contacts with electrode 2.
As Fig. 4 C shown in, with the lamination roller bearing thermal welding exterior packaging material of surface temperature 170 ℃, thereby finish heater main part thereafter.By heating and the pressurization that utilizes this lamination roller bearing, resin 5 and electrode 2 thermal weldings.As mentioned above, resin 5 comprises copolymer polyester resin and isocyanates.Utilize the heating of lamination roller bearing, because the sclerous reaction of the copolyester of the isocyanates generation that before is in unreacted state is thus begun, so resin 5 and electrode 2 are joined together.
Then, will go between 9 is connected to terminal 4, thereby heater is finished.Shown in Fig. 4 D, at the front end of lead-in wire 9, welding in advance has bond 8.In addition, the limit is with the part of welding gun heating bond 8, and push on the surface of exterior packaging material 6 on the limit, and these exterior packaging material 6 linings are formed on the jointing metal 7 on the terminal 4.At this moment, when making exterior packaging material 6 fusions with the heat that relies on welding gun, jointing metal 7 and bond 8 fusions are one.Its result, jointing metal 7 engages mutually with bond 8 mutual fusions, buries exterior packaging material 6 fusions and the through hole 6D that is arranged to, thereby forms the fusion phase, and terminal 4 and 9 finish being connected of electric and physics of going between.In addition, rely on the heat of this moment, the sclerous reaction of copolyester is carried out, thereby the joint of resin 5 and electrode 2 becomes firm.
In the manufacture method of the heater of above explanation, on terminal 4, form resin 5, form jointing metal 7 and make terminal component 10 in advance at another side at the face that engages with electrode 2.In this structure, particularly on the position of the electrode 2 that will be connected with lead-in wire 9, do not need to form in addition resin 5, terminal 4, jointing metal 7.That is, not only terminal component 10 can be configured in the coupling part of lead-in wire 9, and can form extremely simple structure, and the machining accuracy raising, shorten process time significantly.
In addition, for resin 5, as mentioned above, use and in copolyester, disperse silver powder to give material and then add the conductive paste that isocyanates is made into as curing agent in right amount as conductivity.The resin 5 in this stage, the mode with the sclerous reaction that do not take place to produce because of isocyanates is dried at low temperatures.That is, the material that forms resin 5 contains the reactive curing agent that is restricted under smaller or equal to the temperature of regulation.At this, the temperature of so-called regulation is illustrated in fusion jointing metal 7 and bond 8 and resin 5 is reached when making it integrated temperature.
In the process that resin 5 is formed on the terminal component 10, need carry out some heat treatments mostly, but owing to contain the reactive curing agent that is restricted under the temperature smaller or equal to regulation, thereby can under unreacted state, heat-treat.By under unreacted state, curing agent being handled, make resin 5 when engaging, keep hot melt property, thereby can carry out heat bonding with electrode 2 with electrode 2.After this heat bonding, make its sclerosis by the temperature that is heated to more than or equal to the reaction temperature of curing agent, thereby can obtain the firm adhesive strength of script of resin 5.
In addition, owing to contain the reactive curing agent that is restricted under temperature, can keep the unhardened state of management chronically smaller or equal to regulation.Therefore, if be in keep thermoplasticity with more than or equal to the temperature pressurization of fusing point can with the state of electrode 2 thermal weldings.In addition, electrode 2 and resin 5, the copolyester owing to containing as congener resin material so thermal welding is fabulous, can obtain sufficient thermal welding intensity.
Below, the manufacture method that forms the terminal component 10 that terminal 4, resin 5 and jointing metal 7 become one by cutting apart is described.Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are plane graph and the side views of cutting apart preceding structure that is illustrated in the terminal component that uses in the heater of present embodiment.The aggregate 12 of the terminal component 10 before cutting apart is provided with the jointing metal 7 of diameter 8mm in the 1st side of terminal board 11 with predetermined arrangement, is provided with resin 5 in the 2nd side relative with the 1st.Obtain terminal component 10 by cutting off aggregate 12.
Below, the manufacture method of aggregate 12 is described.At first, be made of the copper coin of thickness 70 μ m, the 1st side at the terminal board 11 bigger than terminal 4 after the circular pattern printing creaminess scolder with diameter 8mm, forms the jointing metal 7 that is arranged in by heating in 230 ℃ baking oven.The creaminess scolder is processed because can wait by printing, so not only productivity ratio is good, and owing to have and make the shape unanimity easily, gauge can be formed and equally wait advantage, is desirable so use for jointing metal 7.That is, in the laminating operation when forming exterior packaging material 6 etc., can eliminate owing to the concavo-convex air that produces is sneaked into, the destruction of exterior packaging material 6 etc.Thereby, also go for above-mentioned other manufacture method.
Then,, be used to form the conductive paste of resin 5 whole coating by silk screen printing at the back side of terminal board 11 (the 2nd face), and in order to remove solvent composition 100 ℃ dry 30 minutes down.
For methods such as usefulness printing form resin 5, the flowability that the electroconductive resin material is unhardened and needs are appropriate on terminal board 11.For this reason, contain and be useful on that to give mobile solvent be effective.
In the conductive paste that is used to form resin 5, be added with the curing agent that makes as the copolyester sclerosis of the main component of resin, still, use the isocyanates of the piece type that sclerous reaction takes place hardly in smaller or equal to about 130 ℃ temperature range.Thereby in this stage, the solvent composition of resin 5 is removed by dry.That is, when the terminal board 11 that will constitute terminal 4 engages with resin 5, be in the state that major part is removed.On the other hand because resinous principle is unhardened, so have thermoplasticity, thereby can with electrode 2 thermal weldings.In addition, in the process of thermmohardening, can be because of solvent composition does not produce foaming, thus becoming fine and close structure, intensity improves significantly.
Cut apart the aggregate 12 that terminal board 11, resin 5 and the jointing metal 7 of such formation become one with the dotted portion of Fig. 5, obtain the terminal component 10 that in terminal connects, needs.Terminal part 10 is by high accuracy and reasonably produce.
In addition, preferably, not only use the thin plate of the such metal of copper coin, and make the composition surface roughening with resin 5 for terminal 4.Thus, and the increase of the bonding surface area between the resin 5, thereby peel strength increases.In addition, with the copper coin surface roughening time, by the front end that forms the matsurface protuberance such shape that broadens, and the effect that can give anchor (ア Application カ one), thereby further improve peel strength.As the method for such surface roughening, availablely form the layer plating, etching etc. of the metal different kinds of metals of terminal 4, the effect that can give anchor with plating with utilizing surface grinding, electric or chemical method.
In addition, preferably,, use the electrolytic metal paper tinsel for terminal 4.Thus, can the higher paper tinsel of the even purity of suitable thicknesses, even because thin-walled also can obtain sufficient conductivity, so can form the good terminal of flexibility 4.Using for terminal 4 under the situation of electrolytic metal paper tinsels, so-called above-mentioned surface roughening means for example concavo-convex from 0.5 μ m to 9.5 μ m of setting.
In addition, preferably, use the rolled metal paper tinsel for terminal 4.Thus, can give the character that is not easy to rupture for elongation, thereby form the good terminal 4 of resistance to bend(ing).
In addition, preferably, plate the metal of corrosion resistance at the superficial layer of terminal 4.Thus, can reduce contact resistance, thereby the resistance value that suppresses to be caused by oxidative degradation increases.In addition, under the situation of using the olefin-based resin, can also come the mitigate copper evil by on Copper Foil, carrying out layer plating.As layer plating material, can select nickel, tin, scolder etc. anti-oxidant, do not hinder the metal of conductivity.
In addition, as shown in Figure 7, preferably, use the material that on terminal 4, is formed with peristomes 13 such as square hole, circular hole.Thus, because resin 5 is around to the edge or the inside of the peristome of terminal 4, so adhesive strength is improved greatly.This structure is extremely effective when requiring the intensity of terminal 4, by the shape, quantity, configuration etc. of consideration peristome 13, can improve intensity greatly.
In addition, as shown in Figure 8, preferably, give 4, use fibrous material for end.Thus, because resin 5 enters into the fibrous part of terminal 4, so adhesive strength is improved greatly.In addition, also can give flexibility, thereby form the good terminal 4 of resistance to bend(ing).
And then as shown in Figure 9, preferably, not only the face that engages with electrode 2 at terminal 4 is provided with resin 5, but also cementitious material 14 is set in the lump.Cementitious material 14 can strengthen being connected of physics of and electrode 2 that form by resin 5, thereby improves the reliability as terminal component 10.In addition, utilize the bonding force of cementitious material 14, easily terminal component 10 temporarily is fixed on the position of regulation.Thus, can boost productivity, and positional precision improves.
In addition, usually, though current feed department is carried out processing such as resin casting mold because of purposes such as electric insulation, sealing and enhancings,, also this structure can be adapted in the present embodiment, improve the reliability of current feed department thus.
In addition,, be not limited to copolyester as resin 5, and can from epoxy resin, silicon, acrylate etc. multiple have reactive resin select.In addition, curing agent also is not limited to isocyanates, and can from the corresponding various materials of resin selected.In addition, copolyester is the resin of thermal welding excellence, relies on the sclerosis of isocyanates simultaneously, also is soft after the sclerosis, thereby terminal 4 and electrode 2 link together under the state that keeps flexibility securely.Its result can improve the reliability under the various stress such as distortion, impact.
(execution mode 2)
Figure 10 is the plane graph that the heater of embodiments of the present invention 2 is shown.In the present embodiment, base material 1C has the 1st enhancement layer 1A and the 1st resin bed 1B, and exterior packaging material 6C has the 2nd enhancement layer 6A and the 2nd resin bed 6B.The structure of the current feed department of electrode 2 is identical with execution mode 1.
Enhancement layer 1A is the nonwoven fabrics that is woven into of the pet fiber as the polyester based material and the stacked enhancement layer that forms of nonwoven fabrics that is arranged at specific direction as the long fibre of the PETG of the 1st fiber.This long fibre hot strength height can limit the retractility to the direction of arranging.In addition, because the bulk density height, so can not present the rerum natura of padded coaming.On the other hand, the layer of the nonwoven fabrics that forms of crossed fiber in no direction is not because stress can directly apply fiber, so a little less than the effect extremely of restriction elongation, in addition, because interfibrous combination is weak, bulk density is low, so can present the rerum natura of padded coaming.
Resin bed 1B is to form the layer of the thickness of 50 μ m by melt extruded processing fusing point at 160 ℃ thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, and it is extremely soft, and can be freely flexible on all directions.In addition, not only present the elasticity of rubber, but also present the rerum natura of padded coaming.And then hot plastic elastomer is can hot formed elastomer, thereby can extremely reasonably form the operation of resin bed 1B.Especially, the plastic elastomer of the plastic elastomeric olefin-based heat of conduct heat that preferably constitutes by ethene, propylene, ethylene-propylene etc.The plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat is to have the elastomer proterties and strong and then have the material of indispensable rerum natura for heater such as agent of low hygroscopicity concurrently for the resistance of the temperature in the operation that forms resistance, medicine etc.By using the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat, can not only be had retractility and be presented stable resistance characteristic but also the high heater of reliability.
Enhancement layer 1A and resin bed 1B, though be that resin bed 1B is bonded on the enhancement layer 1A, stacked by thermal welding in the mode of the state that becomes not impregnation is one, thereby constitutes base material 1C.Base material 1C, though have stepped construction, because be not the impregnation structure, so have the such special rerum natura of rerum natura that satisfies each layer.That is, if the tensile stress of applying then can obtain the distinctive retractility of elastomer, but on specific direction, can present retractility hardly.
Pair of electrodes 2 is by printing conductive cream on the resin bed 1B of base material 1C and make its dry formation.Direction that pair of electrodes 2 is relative, identical with the long stapled orientation that on enhancement layer 1A, exists, thus limited the retractility of the relative direction of pair of electrodes 2.At this, conductive paste include epoxy resin and be dispersed in wherein give the silver powder of material as conductivity.In addition, resistance 3 has resistance temperature characteristic, and it is printed on the face of the resin bed 1B that is formed with electrode 2 and makes its dry formation by lotion that the mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and carbon black is formed.Current feed department in pair of electrodes 2 is provided with pair of lead wires 9.
Resin bed 6B is that copolyester with 120 ℃ of fusing points is configured as thickness 50 μ m and the layer that obtains, especially, uses the rank (grade) of flexibility and retractility excellence.Enhancement layer 6A is the nonwoven fabrics that pet fiber is woven into.Resin bed 6B by stacked with enhancement layer 6A thermal welding, thereby forms exterior packaging material 6C.Exterior packaging material 6C, by being heat fused to whole of the base material 1C that is formed with resistance 3 and stacked, thus whole of sealing substrate 1C.That is, resin bed 6B is heat fused on the resin bed 1B.
Enhancement layer 6A, though in monomer, extend easily because of tensile stress,, it has the rerum natura that can not restore.On the other hand, the resin bed 1B with elastomer proterties has corresponding elongation with tensile stress and the effect of having restored when having removed this stress.Be immersed among the enhancement layer 6A if resin bed 6B contained, then hot strength increases, thereby obtains recuperability.Particularly in the operation of pet fiber that interweaves, can on its machine direction, improve interweaving or the orientation of fiber of fiber.Be immersed in such material if resin bed 6B contained, layer 6A that then can be enhanced is to the flexible and flexible in the other direction hardly rerum natura of its machine direction.This be for the reinforcing fiber by impregnation resin bed 6B interweave or the orientation of fiber generates, thereby have the advantage of bigger fracture strength.
In addition, because the material heat-shrinkable of polyester system is little, intensity is big,, is used for enhancing and has elastic characteristic and the easy unsettled resin bed 1B of geomery, resin bed 6B etc. so have adaptability as reinforcing material.In addition, be that resistance for the temperature in forming the operation of resistance 3, tension force, medicine is strong and then have the material of indispensable rerum natura for heater such as high-insulativity, agent of low hygroscopicity concurrently.
In addition, enhancement layer 6A also can not comprise braiding (knit) layer.In independent braid, the extensional rigidity of tensile stress is minimum relatively, thereby can not produce the restriction of retractility.In contrast, in by resin bed 6B and the exterior packaging material 6C that constitutes as the enhancement layer 6A of braid, be immersed among the enhancement layer 6A if resin bed 6B contains, then the intertwined point of braid is immobilized, thereby produces the restriction of sufficient retractility.Because of the braid of resin bed 6B impregnation, very big to the fracture strength of weaving direction, thus the restriction of retractility is extremely effective.
In addition, enhancement layer 6A also can comprise the nonwoven layer that fiber interweaving forms.In independent nonwoven layer, the extensional rigidity of tensile stress is minimum relatively, thereby can not produce the restriction of retractility.In contrast, in the exterior packaging material 6C of the enhancement layer 6A that has resin bed 6B and be made of the nonwoven fabrics that fiber interweaving forms, resin bed 6B contains and is immersed among the enhancement layer 6A.Therefore, the intertwined point of nonwoven layer is immobilized, thereby produces the restriction of sufficient retractility.Because of the nonwoven layer of resin bed 6B impregnation, bigger to the fracture strength of the machine direction of nonwoven layer especially, thus the restriction of retractility is extremely effective.
In the present embodiment, the relative direction of the flexible hardly direction of exterior packaging material 6C and pair of electrodes 2 is identical.Thereby in the heater of present embodiment, base material 1C and exterior packaging material 6C limit jointly to unidirectional retractility.
In addition, the fusing point of resin bed 1B, selected than the such level of the high 40K of fusing point of resin bed 6B other.That is, resin bed 1B can fusion under the fusing point of resin bed 6B.Therefore, promptly use the lamination roller bearing of 150 ℃ of surface temperatures to make exterior packaging material 6C fusion and be heat fused on the base material 1C that is formed with resistance 3, the thermal deformation of base material 1C one side also can be minimum, thereby can not become the such change in size of problem in the practicality.
Below, the evaluation result for the stability of the tensile properties of the heater of such making and resistance value is described.Figure 11 is the curve chart that the tensile properties of heater shown in Figure 10 is shown, and the elongation that resistance 3 is applied the direction of voltage is restricted.Estimation of stability for resistance value carries out as described below.That is, prepare the spherical surface body of radius 120mm, by giving 3 dimension displacements with heater on this sphere by being pressed in across padded coaming.Mensuration repeats the resistance value after this operation.In addition, in the present embodiment, so that the flexible consistent mode of direction of the direction that the relative direction of pair of electrodes 2 promptly applies voltage to resistance 3 and base material 1C, exterior packaging material 6C restriction constitutes heater.In addition, for characteristic is compared, make the heater (comparative sample) of this direction quadrature and estimate.
Figure 12 is the curve chart that the reliability properties that becomes this result of the test is shown.As can be seen from Figure 12, the heater of present embodiment is compared the obviously raising of stability of resistance value with comparative sample.This can think the result that forms because of mechanism shown below.
In the heater of present embodiment, utilize the reinforced effects that existence produced of enhancement layer 1A, 6A, the retractility that applies direction to voltage of resistance 3 is restricted.Therefore, the mutual displacement of the conducting particles of resistance 3 diminishes, and is very little thereby resistance change is suppressed in.Resistance change is suppressed in very little direction, because to be that voltage applies direction consistent with the direction of the resistance value of definite heater, so that the resistance change of heater also is suppressed to is very little.On the other hand, in comparative sample, no matter whether enhancement layer 1A, enhancement layer 6A exist because the retractility that applies direction to voltage of resistance 3 is not limited, so the mutual displacement of the conducting particles of resistance 3 become greatly, thereby produce big resistance change.Produce the direction of big resistance change, because to be that voltage applies direction consistent with the direction of the resistance value of definite heater, so that the resistance change of heater also becomes is big.In addition, though because of resistance 3 to changing, but because to be that voltage applies direction different with the direction of the resistance value of definite heater, so on the resistance value of heater, can not reflect with retractility value of having a resistance that voltage applies the different direction of direction.
As mentioned above, in the heater of present embodiment, though be restricted to the flexible of specific direction, because capable of expansion and contraction to other directions, so can install to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces.In addition, consistent by the direction that allows to stretch with the direction that needs retractility, can bring into play retractility.In addition, because flexible direction is not the direction that influence resistance value of heater, so can make the stable of retractility and resistance value and deposit.
In addition, in the present embodiment, stacked nonwoven fabrics that is formed by interweaving of pet fiber and the nonwoven fabrics that the long fibre of arrangement PETG forms on specific direction use as enhancement layer 1A.The nonwoven fabrics that the pet fiber that interweaves forms because interfibrous combination is weak, bulk density is lower, extremely lacks so limit the effect of elongation, but has the rerum natura that absorbs vibrational energy, the i.e. rerum natura of padded coaming.On the other hand,, have the effect of restriction elongation, but present the rerum natura of padded coaming hardly by fitly arrange the layer that long fibre is restricted retractility at specific direction.
The material that presents the elastomer proterties as thermoplastic polyurethane is because not only have the rerum natura of caoutchouc elasticity but also maintenance padded coaming, so even vibrate not loud vebrato is only arranged also.But, if will make the long fibre material mixing that arrangement as one man forms on specific direction in the material that presents such elastomer proterties, though then present caoutchouc elasticity but can not absorb vibrational energy, thereby will become the material that can produce bigger vebrato.Such rerum natura is different with the common proterties that elastomeric material presented, and is not desirable according to purposes.Make and be included in the nonwoven fabrics that the pet fiber among the enhancement layer 1A is interwoven, it is the material of giving the rerum natura of padded coaming, since the existence of this nonwoven fabrics, and can form the heater that approaches to have the caoutchouc elasticity that elastomer had originally and the proterties of the rerum natura of buffering material.
In addition, the combination of the material of enhancement layer 1A and enhancement layer 6A is not limited to above-mentioned combination.Because enhancement layer 1A has the effect of the retractility that limits specific direction and the rerum natura of buffering material, also can obtain same action effect so use it for enhancement layer 6A.In addition, enhancement layer 6A except the rerum natura of padded coaming originally, can also have the rerum natura of the retractility of restriction specific direction by impregnation resin bed 6B.Thereby, even enhancement layer 1A and enhancement layer 6A are formed the nonwoven fabrics that fiber interweaving is formed, also can access equal action effect.
When in enhancement layer 1A, comprising long fibre is being arranged under the situation of the structure that forms on the specific direction, be used for resin bed 1B, also can access the rerum natura of the retractility of restriction specific direction even will be difficult to dystectic resin, the lower resin of flowability of impregnation.Therefore, for the drying process after the printing, higher as the value of the stable on heating base material of needs.When in enhancement layer 6A, only comprising under the situation that makes the nonwoven fabrics that fiber interweaving forms because can be in the lamination operation impregnation resin bed 6B, so higher as the value of exterior packaging material.
In addition, even only any one party among base material 1C, the exterior packaging material 6C is formed above-mentioned structure, also play same effect.In addition, any one party among base material 1C, the exterior packaging material 6C, utilization is as one man arranged the long fibre that forms with the specific direction of enhancement layer makes retractility obtain restriction, and the opposing party utilizes the impregnation of resin bed and is enhanced, thereby also can limit retractility.
(execution mode 3)
The heater of present embodiment has the structure same with Figure 10, but the structure of base material 1C is different with the material of electrode 2.That is, contain the mode that is immersed on the face that makes the nonwoven fabrics that pet fiber is interwoven that forms enhancement layer 1A with the thermoplastic polyurethane based elastomers that will form resin bed 1B, at high temperature pressurize and carry out stacked, thereby constitute base material 1C.In addition, enhancement layer 1A also comprises the long fibre same with execution mode 2.In addition, use the conductive paste of the more excellent copolymer polyester resin system of flexibility to form electrode 2.
In execution mode 2, in copolymer polyester resin, disperse silver powder as the conductivity imparting agent and add solvent and adjust the conductive paste that viscosity forms if use, then can expect to improve the flexibility of electrode 2.But, for this reason, after printing conductive cream, can in resin bed 1B, generate tiny concavo-convex because of swelling.Under this state, though can carry out the printing of resistance 3, the deviation of resistance value but increases.If the conductive paste of this copolymer polyester resin of printing system on the face of the resin bed 1B that does not have enhancement layer 1A, in any case then can generate the concavo-convex greatly of the printing that to carry out resistance etc.
In contrast, in the structure of present embodiment, after the conductive paste that has printed copolymer polyester resin system, can not produce the swelling phenomenon, thereby after drying, not have the vestige of swelling yet.Do not have problem in the printing of after this resistance paste and drying, the deviation of resistance value can not enlarge yet.This can think, though the displacement that resin bed 1B causes owing to swelling produces distortion, concavo-convex, contains the cause that a part that is immersed in resin bed 1B limits displacement by enhancement layer 1A.
Thereby, even resin bed 1B is the material of easy swelling as the thermoplastic polyurethane based elastomers, but also can be used as base material 1C among the enhancement layer 1A and use by containing to be immersed in.This mechanism is not only applicable to the conductive paste of electrode 2, but also goes for the conductive paste of resistance 3, and goes for the improvement of resistance 3 yet.In addition, take place at resin bed 1B under the situation of swelling, more with the situation that the closely connected property of this conductive paste is good, thus even can form flexible repeatedly firm electrode 2 and the resistance 3 peeled off of also being not easy of base material 1C.
That is, resin bed 1B, though be subjected to imbibition because of the solvent that contains in electrode 2 or resistance 3 when forming electrode 2 or resistance 3, enhancement layer 1A can suppress the expansion that the swelling because of resin bed 1B produces.Even the imbibition that produces in resin bed 1B has difference to a certain degree, the result also is the phenomenon that resin bed 1B temporarily expands, if can control this expansion, then can not stay any problem in the later operation of drying.In resin bed 1B swelling, thereby will expand the time, because enhancement layer 1B limits it, so eliminated the swelling phenomenon in appearance.Because solvent is removed later at drying process, thus this imbibition elimination, thus can not stay any problem in appearance.
The plastic elastomer of polyurethane series heat is one of the most excellent resin of elastomer proterties, and its retractility is extremely excellent, can also be processed into thin-walled.In addition, ester is hot plastic elastomer retractility excellence, and is good with the cementability of enhancement layer 1A.But, have tendency because of a large amount of solvent swellings.Therefore, use, can not form electrode 2 or resistance 3 mostly in the mode of on its face, printing or apply as base material 1C.Therefore, this structure shows remarkable result.
More than, the heater of present embodiment, except enhancement layer 1A restriction to specific direction flexible, also have the effect of the swelling phenomenon of the base material 1C that restriction causes by conductive paste concurrently.The heater of this structure has the effect same with execution mode 2.In addition, flexible direction is not the direction that influence resistance value of heater, because the closely connected property of base material 1C and electrode 2 or resistance 3 is very good, so can make the stable of retractility and resistance value and deposit with high level.
In addition, in the present embodiment, form the thermoplastic polyurethane based elastomers of resin bed 1B, to contain the mode that is immersed on the top layer part that makes nonwoven fabrics one side that the pet fiber that forms enhancement layer 1A is interwoven, pressurization at high temperature and stacked, thus base material 1C formed.That is, resin bed 1B is formed on the face of the stacked nonwoven fabrics that forms for the fiber interweaving of enhancement layer 1A.
In addition, even nonwoven fabrics one side that is interwoven at the pet fiber that forms enhancement layer 1A not, but on specific direction, arrange the lip-deep mode of nonwoven fabrics one side that forms to contain the long fibre that is dipped in PETG, at high temperature the pressurization and stacked, thereby constitute base material 1C, also can obtain same effect.But under the situation of this structure, imagination has such situation, that is, because long stapled ordered state, and the vestige that long fibre is arranged occurs on the surface of resin bed 1B, thereby some problem occurs for electrode 2 or resistance 3.Under such situation, if adopt the structure of present embodiment, then because make nonwoven fabrics that fiber is interwoven in no direction, so can not reflect the vestige that long fibre is arranged on specific direction in appearance at resin bed 1B between the centre.If the surface of resin bed 1B becomes smoothly, then can eliminate the problem that electrode 2 or resistance 3 are produced.
(execution mode 4)
The heater of present embodiment, its structure is identical with Figure 10, but compares with execution mode 2, and the material of base material 1C constitutes different.That is, as enhancement layer 1A, the nonwoven layer that makes the nonwoven fabrics that PETG is interwoven and the long fibre orthogonal arrangement of PETG the is formed use that gathers into folds.That is, enhancement layer 1A has to comprise and as one man arranges and limit the 1st fiber of retractility with specific direction and intersect on orthogonal direction with it and limit the nonwoven fabrics of the 2nd fiber of retractility.This long fibre hot strength height can limit 2 axial retractilities of arranging to orthogonally.By making the voltage direction that resistance 3 is applied consistent, limit flexible to the direction of regulation resistance value, thereby can guarantee the stability of resistance value with these 2 axial sides.In addition, have retractility beyond these 2 direction of principal axis, thereby can install to the heated object of 3 dimension curved surfaces.In addition, by making the direction that to stretch consistent, and can bring into play retractility with the direction that needs retractility.In addition, because flexible direction is not the direction that influence resistance value of heater, so can make the stable of retractility and resistance value and deposit.And then, on each orthogonal direction, by adjusting long stapled density, and can suitably limit retractility.As one of preferred construction of present embodiment, wish to constitute in the higher mode of long stapled arranging density of the direction that resistance 3 applied voltage.In addition, intersect by making long fibre, and interfibrous interweaving become firmly, thereby not only limit the retractility of specific direction, but also can improve fracture strength.
More than, the heater shown in the present embodiment, though restriction to 2 axial flexible because capable of expansion and contraction to other directions, so can install to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces.In addition, by making the direction that to stretch consistent, and can bring into play retractility with the direction that needs retractility.In addition, because flexible direction is not the direction that influence resistance value of heater, so can make the stable of retractility and resistance value and deposit.
(execution mode 5)
The heater of present embodiment, its structure is identical with Figure 10, but compares the formation difference of base material 1C with execution mode 4.That is, 2 main shafts that the long fibre of conduct the 1st fiber that comprises in enhancement layer 1A is arranged orthogonally with the voltage direction angulation that resistance 3 is applied, dispose in the mode of the angle that becomes 22.5 ° of these regulations.This long fibre hot strength height can limit 2 axial retractilities of arranging to orthogonally.Its major axes orientation and the voltage direction that resistance 3 is applied are with 22.5 ° angular cross.Therefore, the retractility of the voltage direction that resistance 3 is applied is restricted, and is guaranteed with the retractility of the direction of this voltage direction quadrature.In addition, the angle of regulation is not limited to 22.5 °, so long as greater than 0 ° and get final product smaller or equal to 90 °.According to the purposes of heater, under the bigger situation of the flexible necessity of the voltage direction that suppresses resistance 3 is applied, preferably, be arranged to greater than 0 ° and smaller or equal to 22.5 °.On the contrary, under the bigger situation of the flexible necessity of the inhibition direction vertical, preferably, be arranged to more than or equal to 22.5 ° and smaller or equal to 90 ° with the voltage direction that resistance 3 is applied.This particularly because below, preferably be arranged on 22.5 °.
If the long fibre that comprises in enhancement layer 1A is arranged orthogonally, then since the fracture strength of base material 1C strengthened, so the effect of the retractility of the voltage direction that restriction applies resistance 3 is stronger.But the retractility of the direction of quadrature also is restricted with it, thereby has the inadequate situation of retractility on the whole.But, because the major axes orientation in 2 axles that long fibre is arranged orthogonally, with the angular cross of the voltage direction that resistance 3 is applied, so can utilize less intersecting angle to keep the retractility of the voltage direction that resistance 3 is applied with 22.5 °.In addition, simultaneously, can guarantee the retractility of the direction of quadrature with it with bigger intersecting angle.
More than, the heater of present embodiment, though to 2 axial flexible being restricted, because capable of expansion and contraction to other directions, so can install to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces.In addition, by making the direction that to stretch consistent, and can bring into play retractility with the direction that needs retractility.In addition, because flexible direction is not the direction that influences the resistance value of heater greatly, so can make the stability of retractility and resistance value and deposit.
In addition, in execution mode 2～5,, be not limited to this, and can from many resins, select with elastomer proterties though resin bed 1B is hot plastic polyurethane elastomer.For example, in elastomer, various forms such as vulcanized elastomer, unvulcanised elastomer, hot plastic elastomer are arranged, as the resin that presents the elastomer proterties, except studying with combined polymerization and polymerization, the resin that also can selective freezing be controlled.
The plastic elastomer of polyurethane series heat is one of the most excellent resin of elastomer proterties, and its retractility is extremely excellent, can also be processed into thin-walled.But, have tendency because of a large amount of solvent swellings.Therefore, use, can not form electrode 2 or resistance 3 mostly in the mode of on its face, printing or apply as base material 1C.That is, the plastic elastomer of polyurethane series heat because of the solvent swelling that contains in electrode or resistance 3, thereby will expand, still, as mentioned above, owing to enhancement layer 1A limits it, so eliminated the swelling phenomenon in appearance.
As the resin approaching with it, can enumerate ester output is hot plastic elastomer, even execution mode 2～5 is replaced into this resin, also can obtain much at one effect and effect.In addition, in ester system, the copolymer polyester resin that makes fusing point reduce, make crystallinity to reduce by combined polymerization also is the resin with elastomer proterties mostly, thereby this resin can be applicable in the execution mode 2～5.
In addition, in execution mode 2～5, resin bed 6B is a copolyester, but is not limited to this, selects and can never hinder the flexibility resin of elastomer proterties or have in the resin of elastomer proterties.Thereby resin bed 6B also can be identical with resin bed 1B, can be various combinations such as congener fusing point difference or different types of thermoplastic resin.As with the roughly equal replacement resin of copolyester that in execution mode 2～5, uses, can select near the low-crystalline olefin-based resin of fusing point 120 ℃, linear low density polyethylene resin etc.If consider and the cementability of resin bed 1B, enhancement layer 6A etc., then wish it is that functional group imports resin, adhesive resin.
(execution mode 6)
The heater of present embodiment, its structure is identical with Figure 10, but compares with execution mode 2, and the material of base material 1C constitutes different.That is,, use the dynamic crosslinking of ethylene, propylene resin and allyl resin and the plastic elastomer resin of olefin-based heat that forms for resin bed 1B.In this resin, the ethylene, propylene resin part that will present the elastomer proterties partly forms certainly shape with the allyl resin that presents the crystalline resin proterties.The hot plastic elastomer that forms by this dynamic crosslinking, particularly because elastomer portion is formed bulk, thus elastomer proterties excellence, thus the resin bed 1B that is rich in retractility can be formed.
The plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat, if compare with the plastic polyurethane elastomer of heat, though then the elastomer proterties is poor slightly, excellences such as solvent resistance, thermal endurance, water absorption rate.Though the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat that is formed by the dynamic crosslinking of ethylene, propylene resin and allyl resin is in excellence aspect the caoutchouc elasticity, adaptability is poor slightly aspect thin-walled processing, and the processing lower limit of the thickness of resin bed 1B is 120 μ m.Because this thickness, the rigidity of the heater of producing is strong, has the poor slightly sense of touch of flexibility and retractility sensuously.But, can to 3 the dimension curved surfaces heated objects install, can also obtain having the retractility of nerve, the stability of resistance value etc. are compared with execution mode 2, can not present on the characteristic than big-difference.Such swelling phenomenon can not use the hot plastic polyurethane elastomer of execution mode 2 time what is particularly worth mentioning is that solvent resistance, owing to so plane precision is good, can obtain not having the outward appearance of distortion sensation.Like this,, compare, improve more significantly with execution mode 2 for solvent resistance.
More than, the heater of present embodiment particularly has advantage aspect the anti-swelling, and its result can improve plane precision.And, can install and flexible to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces, can also make the stability of resistance value simultaneously and deposit.
(execution mode 7)
The heater of present embodiment, its structure is identical with Figure 10, but compares with execution mode 6, and the material of base material 1C constitutes different.That is, for resin bed 1B, using the propylene that is formed by polymerization reaction is the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat that hot plastic elastomer constitutes.The propylene that is formed by polymerization reaction is that hot plastic elastomer is not block, but the elastomer resin of homogeneous, flowability during moulding or ductility excellence have extremely excellent adaptability aspect the thin-walled processing, the thickness of resin bed 1B can be worked into 50 μ m.Therefore, compare with execution mode 6, the rigidity of heater is suitable, thereby sensuously can obtain the sense of touch of flexibility and retractility excellence.In addition, same with execution mode 6 in appearance, the swelling phenomenon can not take place, thereby can obtain the outward appearance that plane precision is good, do not have the distortion sensation.
More than, the heater of present embodiment has advantage aspect rigidity with appropriateness and the plane precision especially.And, can install and flexible to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces, can also make the stability of resistance value simultaneously and deposit.
(execution mode 8)
The heater of present embodiment, its structure is identical with Figure 10, but compares with execution mode 2, and the material of base material 1C constitutes different.That is, for resin bed 1B, using the ethylene, propylene that is formed by polymerization reaction is the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat that hot plastic elastomer constitutes.The ethylene, propylene that is formed by polymerization reaction is that hot plastic elastomer is to be the elastic resin of the same homogeneous of hot plastic elastomer with the propylene that is formed by polymerization reaction, and flowability during moulding and elastomer proterties are also deposited.Therefore, have extremely excellent adaptability aspect the thin-walled processing, the thickness of resin bed 1B can be worked into 50 μ m.What is particularly worth mentioning is that hardness is extremely low, because the thin-walled of 50 μ m and soft and can access the resin bed 1B that is rich in flexibility.Therefore, the rigidity of made heater further reduces, thereby sensuously can obtain being rich in the sense of touch of flexibility, retractility.In addition, same with execution mode 7 in appearance, the swelling phenomenon can not take place, thereby can obtain the outward appearance that plane precision is good, do not have distortion.
More than, the heater of present embodiment has advantage aspect flexibility and the plane precision having concurrently especially, and, can install and flexible to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces, can also make the stability of resistance value simultaneously and deposit.
(execution mode 9)
The heater of present embodiment, its structure is identical with Figure 10, but compares with execution mode 6, and the material of base material 1C constitutes different.That is,, use the olefin-based plastic elastomer of heat that the dynamic crosslinking by ethylene, propylene resin and allyl resin forms and be the hot plastic elastomeric hybrid resin of olefin-based that hot plastic elastomer forms by the propylene that polymerization reaction produces for resin bed 1B.In the material of execution mode 6 constitutes,, can not carry out thin-walled processing though present excellent caoutchouc elasticity.With respect to this, be the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat that hot plastic elastomer forms by mixing the propylene that produces by polymerization reaction, the thickness of resin bed 1B can be worked into 50 μ m.In this constitutes, what deserves to be mentioned is, can make excellent rubber property and thin-walled process and deposit.
In the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat that the dynamic crosslinking by ethylene, propylene resin and allyl resin forms, the ethylene, propylene resin partly is crosslinked, thereby presents the caoutchouc elasticity of the excellence that is cross-linked to form by 3 dimensions.But, but difficult aspect resin flow, ductility, can not carry out thin-walled processing.In order to improve liquidity, need to increase the amount of allyl resin part, still, allyl resin partly damages caoutchouc elasticity, so also have restriction because hardness can increase for recruitment.
With respect to this, the propylene that is formed by copolyreaction is that hot plastic elastomer is the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat that balance keeps mobile and caoutchouc elasticity well.That is, be not only to increase the allyl resin part, but be that hot plastic elastomer makes excellent caoutchouc elasticity and thin-walled process and deposit by increasing the propylene that forms by polymerization reaction.Therefore, made heater rigidity is low and have caoutchouc elasticity, thereby sensuously can obtain being rich in the sense of touch of flexibility, retractility.In addition, same with execution mode 6 in appearance, the swelling phenomenon can not take place, thereby can obtain the outward appearance that plane precision is good, do not have the distortion sense.
More than, the plastic elastomer resin of olefin-based heat of present embodiment presents flexibility and the retractility that approaches hot plastic polyurethane elastomer.Use the heater of this resin, also had advantage aspect flexibility and the retractility having concurrently especially, and, can install and flexible to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces, can also make the stability of resistance value simultaneously and deposit.
In addition, in the present embodiment,, even use the plastic elastomeric mixture of ethylene, propylene system heat that forms by polymerization reaction, also can carry out thin-walled processing, thereby can form the excellent more heater of flexibility as resin bed 1B.
(execution mode 10)
The heater of present embodiment, its structure is identical with Figure 10, but compares with execution mode 9, and the material of base material 1C constitutes different.That is,, use the olefin-based plastic elastomer of heat that the dynamic crosslinking by ethylene, propylene resin and allyl resin forms and the synthetic hot plastic elastomeric hybrid resin of polystyrene by making the hydrogenation of styrene-butadiene resin for resin bed 1B.Its result, same with execution mode 9, the thickness of resin bed 1B can be worked into 50 μ m.In this constitutes, what deserves to be mentioned is, same with execution mode 9, can make excellent caoutchouc elasticity and thin-walled process and deposit.By to the hydrogenation of styrene-butadiene resin and the hot plastic elastomer resin of the plastic elastomer of synthetic polystyrene heat to be balance keep well mobile and caoutchouc elasticity.Therefore, same with execution mode 9, be not only to increase allyl resin amount partly, but by the plastic elastomeric amount of increase polystyrene heat, and can make excellent caoutchouc elasticity and thin-walled process and deposit.Therefore, made heater rigidity is low and have elasticity, thereby sensuously can obtain being rich in the sense of touch of flexibility, retractility.In addition, same with execution mode 6 in appearance, the swelling phenomenon can not take place, thereby can obtain the outward appearance that plane precision is good, do not have the distortion sense.
More than, the olefin-based plastic elastomer of heat of present embodiment and the plastic elastomeric hybrid resin of polystyrene heat present the flexibility and the retractility that approach hot plastic polyurethane elastomer.Used the heater of this resin, also especially have concurrently flexibility and retractility aspect have advantage, and, can install and flexible to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces, can make the stability of resistance value simultaneously and deposit.
In addition, the mixing of resin is not limited to the combination of execution mode 9,10.Synthetic by presenting the resin of excellent ductility with in fusion the time at each elastomers such as the polyurethane series of excellence aspect the elastomer proterties, olefin-based, ester systems, can make the processing of caoutchouc elasticity and thin-walled and deposit.Self-evident, the ductility during the general fusion of elastomer is good, and especially, the resin of elastomer proterties excellence is not easy to be processed into the film of thin-walled.On the other hand, the high resin of ductility when fusion, the stretching during fusion is good, and is processed into thin-walled easily.Though because in elastomer proterties excellence but the high resin of ductility when containing fusion in the low resin of the ductility during fusion, so can form the resin bed 1B of the thin and high resilience body proterties of wall.High ductibility resin during as fusion so long as the low resin of melt viscosity just might obtain high ductibility compoundly, thereby can be selected from multiple thermoplastic resin.
Especially, the plastic elastomer of polystyrene heat is also excellent resin aspect extremely excellent aspect the elastomer proterties, ductility during in fusion mostly.But, the plastic elastomer of polystyrene heat, its thermal endurance and solvent resistance are insufficient, do not use separately, and the high ductibility can use its fusion flexibly the time.The plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat is a resin all excellent aspect thermal endurance and solvent resistance.Therefore, the plastic elastomer of selected olefin-based heat is as elastomer resin, and the high ductibility resin utilizes both by mixing when selecting the plastic elastomer of polystyrene heat as fusion, can form the resin bed 1B of thin-walled and high resilience body proterties.
In addition, as elastomer, the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat that also can use the dynamic crosslinking by ethylene, propylene resin and allyl resin to form, high ductibility resin during as fusion can use the hot plastic elastomer of the olefin-based that is formed by polymerization reaction.In this constitutes, utilize the dynamic crosslinking of ethylene, propylene resin and allyl resin, the ethylene, propylene resin part that will present the elastomer proterties partly forms bulk with the allyl resin that presents the crystalline resin proterties.Because the hot plastic elastomer that is formed by this dynamic crosslinking especially elastomer portion is formed bulk, so the elastomer proterties is excellent especially.On the other hand, the propylene that is formed by polymerization reaction is that hot plastic elastomer is not block, but the elastomer of homogeneous, the ductility excellence during its fusion, particularly excellence aspect thin-walled processing.By and be used in the resin of excellence aspect the resin of this elastomer proterties aspect excellence and the ductility when the fusion, can be formed in the resin bed 1B of elastomer proterties aspect excellence and thin-walled.
(execution mode 11)
In present embodiment 11, as resin bed 1B, the propylene that use the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat that the dynamic crosslinking of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer resin and allyl resin forms, is produced by polymerization reaction is the hot plastic elastomer of olefin-based that forms of hot plastic elastomer and the hybrid resin that has imported the vistanex of functional group.Formation in addition is identical with execution mode 9.In this constitutes, what deserves to be mentioned is that though make excellent caoutchouc elasticity and thin-walled process and deposit certainly, the cementability of electrode 2, resistance 3 and resin bed 1B is also improved significantly.
The resin bed 1B that uses in execution mode 9 is because all be made of the olefin-based resin, so there is the situation that can not obtain sufficient cementability according to the kind of conductive paste.Particularly under the purposes that requires flexibility and retractility, very big to the stress of electrode 2 and resistance 3, thus might make its face peel off and break from resin bed 1B.When estimating the heater of execution mode 9 with 300,000 times bend test, finding has 5 probability to break because of peeling off to apply in 54 strip electrodes of the parallel direction of direction with voltage to resistance 3.On the other hand, in the heater of present embodiment,, the olefin resin that has imported functional group is added in the olefin-based elastomer for resin bed 1B.Therefore, give closely connected property.In addition, import by functional group, the closely connected property of resin bed 1B and enhancement layer 1A improves, thereby obtains more effective reinforced effects.Therefore, even in 1,500,000 times bend test, also broken string not in 54.
Like this, the resin bed 1B of present embodiment although used the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat, presents the flexibility and the retractility that approach hot plastic polyurethane elastomer.And then, because performance can so used the heater of this resin bed 1B, not have flexibility and retractility concurrently because of the cementability of the excellence that is included in the solvent swelling in the conductive paste aspect rerum natura.Therefore, can install and flexible, can make the stability and the long-term reliability of resistance value simultaneously and deposit to the heated objects of 3 dimension curved surfaces.
In addition, in the present embodiment,,, also can import functional group to the plastic elastomer of olefin-based heat though use is the resin that is mixed with the vistanex that has imported functional group for resin bed 1B.In this case, do not need to mix the vistanex that has imported functional group.The plastic elastomer resin of heat, most and the cementability of enhancement layer 1A or the closely connected property deficiency of coating.But,, can improve and the cementability of enhancement layer 1A or the closely connected property of coating by in the plastic elastomer resin of heat, directly importing functional group.
In addition, also there is kind miscellaneous in the vistanex that has imported functional group, can select from imported the polyolefin with the ionomer of the copolymerization polyolefin of vinylacetate, acrylate etc., ionomer type and then maleic acid etc. by grafting or copolymerization etc.In addition, the material that has imported functional group in the hot plastic elastomer beyond the polyolefin is arranged also, can also from such resin, select as required.
(execution mode 12)
Figure 13 A is that plane graph cut open in the summary of structure that the heater of execution mode 12 is shown, and Figure 13 B is the profile at B-B line place.The structure of the heater of present embodiment is as follows.In addition, though not shown, be provided with the terminal structure same at the current feed department of electrode 2 with execution mode 1.
At this, flexibility can be defined as such state, that is, change even be subjected to the mechanically stressed shape of appropriateness such as bending, and characteristic is also unaffected, also keeps the ability of durability.That is, with can not change shape, because of the object of the object beyond the alteration of form decreased performance as flexibility.In addition, so-called anti-flammability though exist HB level, V0 level etc. various according to its standard, is compared with the situation that does not have fire-retardant prescription, and the degree that flammability is improved is relation not.Though the situation that heater is directly treated as final products is also arranged, in most cases be heater to be assembled in the product use.Therefore, when using under the obducent situations as heater such as padded coaming, other resin base materials, so long as satisfy as the such design of the desired anti-flammability of these final products, heater self does not satisfy fire-retardant benchmark separately, and also it doesn't matter.As long as show the anti-flammability that satisfies the desired standard value of each product from one's body at heater, and all conditions such as processability, cost condition that reach get final product.
For the heater of this structure, if carry out automobile flame-retardant standard FMVSS302) evaluation, then do not compare with in base material, exterior packaging material, not using the situation of fire retardant fully, burning rate can be suppressed to half.In addition, be adhered on the padded coaming of seat and carrying out to reach the reference condition of fire-retardantization under the situation of anti-flammability evaluation.In addition, even under the situation of having given anti-flammability, the flexibility of heater can be not impaired yet, thereby can make flexibility and anti-flammability and deposit.
Characteristic to the desired maximum of fire retardant is that flame-retarding characteristic can not impact the electrical characteristics of resistance 3 in fact.At this, so-called electrical characteristics, under situation with resistance value, ptc characteristics, the expression resistance-temperature characteristic.The interpolation concentration of fire retardant is high more, can give the anti-flammability of heating height more.But if add fire retardant in a large number, then the flexibility of exterior packaging material 6 will suffer damage, and in addition, processing cost also increases.
As the fire retardant kind, can use the fire retardant of inorganic systems such as organic system fire retardant, boron compound, antimony oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide such as phosphorus system, phosphorus+nitrogen system, nitrogen system.Wherein, as fire retardant, use in phosphorus flame retardant, the nitrogen flame retardant any one, it is effective perhaps making up the fire retardant that they use.
The nitrogen flame retardant has oxygen barrier (asphyxiating), and phosphorus flame retardant has partly isolation of burning.Utilize these character can bring into play the excellent fire retardant effect.As adding concentration, can reach under more than or equal to 15% weight as automobile flame-retardancy standards (FMVSS) to the burning rate of horizontal direction smaller or equal to 50mm/ minute, under 20% weight, can reach from quench, under 25% weight, can reach noninflammability.
In addition, the halogen flame retardant is reactive high with the silver that uses in electrode 2, in addition, also is unfavorable aspect environmental problem.Especially, if the polyphosphoric acid amine, three-(2-ethoxy) chlorinated isocyanurates of nitrogen flame retardant of combination phosphorus flame retardant use, then flame retardant effect is better.
In addition, preferably, use the fire retardant of fusing point with 90 ℃ to 250 ℃.For example, use, then can reach noninflammability if make up phosphorus flame retardant 5% weight and nitrogen phosphorus flame retardant 15% weight of 110 ℃ of fusing points.Like this, thus the fire retardant of dissolving has the combustion heat is reduced the effect prevent combustion heat diffusion as heat of fusion.
In addition, in the fire retardant with phosphamide structure, the high temperature until about 250 ℃ all is difficult to thermal decomposition, thereby is favourable aspect processability.
Like this, it is desirable to, fire retardant Yin Wendu rises and the weight change that causes is little, the thermal stability height.Particularly, it is desirable to, with respect to the weight of at room temperature measuring, the weight when temperature rises to 200 ℃ is more than or equal to 99.5%.Such weight change thermogravimetry of property (TG) is by experiment estimated.Below, the evaluation result of the TG of several fire retardants is shown.
Figure 14 is the curve chart that the evaluation result of the TG that makes up phosphorus based material and nitride materials and resin is given the such fire retardant of anti-flammability by form heat insulation foaming charring layer at resin surface is shown.The weight change that near 30 ℃ room temperature is warmed up to during 200 ℃ is about-0.4%.Figure 15 illustrates the curve chart of polyolefin with the evaluation result of the TG of non-halogen flame retardant.The weight change that room temperature from about 30 ℃ is warmed up to during 200 ℃ does not almost have.No matter which kind of material resin bed 1B, 6B are used, heater all has flexibility and has been endowed anti-flammability.
In addition, as the additive beyond the fire retardant, can be in the scope of the flexibility of the ptc characteristics that does not hinder resistance 3, heater, anti-flammability suitable the use.For example, also can add mobility donor, flame retardant, foaming and prevent agent, antioxidant, dispersant etc.As mobility donor, can use in the modification agent of fluorine based compound, silicon any one, perhaps make up them and use.The fluorine based compound also shows its function as the flame retardant of phosphorus, thereby uses in the lump sometimes.
Flame retardant as other has antimony oxide etc.Prevent agent as foaming, can use in the powder of quick lime, silica gel, zeolite etc. any one, perhaps make up them and use.Can use hindered phenol system and one of amine system, sulphur system etc. as antioxidant, perhaps make up them and use.In addition, as dispersant, can use the slaine of hard ester acid etc.
According to above-mentioned formation, use with the macromolecule of resin, nonwoven fabrics etc. and obtain the heater that shows flexibility and have fire resistance as the material of main body.Therefore, as final form, can easily be applicable to product that requires fire-retardantization means etc.In addition, in above-mentioned formation, base material 1, exterior packaging material 6 both sides have anti-flammability.This constitutes, because can realize higher flame retardant effect, thus can obtain the higher heater of fail safe, but also can only use fire proofing to any one party.
In addition, in the present embodiment, base material 1, exterior packaging material 6 both sides comprise thermoplastic resin, and a side comprises also passable but have only wherein.Thus, can access the heater of excellence aspect processability, flexibility.
In addition, the flame retardant resin film that uses in base material 1, exterior packaging material 6 etc. except the T mold pressing, also can utilize making such as blowing (イ Application Off レ-シ ヨ Application) method, squeezing (プ レ ス) method, pulling method.
(execution mode 13)
Figure 16 A is that plane graph cut open in the summary of structure chart that the heater of execution mode 13 is shown, and Figure 16 B is the profile at C-C line place.In the heater of present embodiment, base material 1C has the 1st resin bed (resin film) 1B and is arranged on the 1st enhancement layer 1A in its outside.In addition, exterior packaging material 6C has the 2nd resin bed (resin film) 6B and the 2nd enhancement layer 6A that is arranged on its outside.In addition, enhancement layer 1A, 6A have been carried out fire-retardantization processing.Structure in addition is identical with execution mode 12.
Enhancement layer 1A is manufactured with spunlaced fabric by heat bonding (レ-ス) (order is paid 40g/m to ス パ Application
2) and the fibers straight of polyester (order is paid 20g/m
2) spinning fabric (ス パ Application ボ Application De) (order is paid 60g/m
2).Spunlaced fabric has the polyester fiber of fire retardant to form by copolymerization.Fibers straight is configured in the longitudinally as the main electrode 2A of the electrode 2 of the direction of restriction elongation, and the relative direction of branch electrodes 2B, and promptly the voltage with respect to resistance 3 applies the parallel direction of direction.
The resin combination that resin bed 1B is made up of adhesive resin 30% weight of thermoplastic resin 70% weight of olefin-based and olefin-based is constituted.Resin bed 1B utilizes the T mold pressing to be formed the thickness of 50～60 μ m, and bonding and integrated and constitute base material 1C with enhancement layer 1A.
Resin bed 6B is the resin combination roughly the same with resin bed 1B, and itself and enhancement layer 6A are bonding.Enhancement layer 6A is soaked with liquid fire retardant and makes it knitted fabric that dried fire retardant impregnation polyester constitutes by containing that (order is paid 150g/m
2).Utilize lamination machine bonding resin layer 6B and enhancement layer 6A in advance and constitute exterior packaging material 6C.
If the heater of this structure is carried out the evaluation of automobile with flame-retardant standard (FMVSS302), even horizontal arrangement and from the end face initial burning does not then stop just can not reaching graticule 38mm burning yet.In addition, the flexibility of heater even also can not suffer damage under the situation of having given anti-flammability, thereby makes flexibility and anti-flammability and deposits.
As enhancement layer 1A, the 6A of the flexibility of having given anti-flammability, as mentioned above, except copolymerization in molecule has the material of fire retardant, can also use to contain the material that is soaked with fire retardant, perhaps made up their material.Though copolymerization has the material of fire retardant can only use the fire retardant of limited kind in molecule, liquid fire retardant has and a variety ofly emerges.Therefore, the different fire retardant of composite type can be kept effective anti-flammability.
In addition, in the present embodiment, though show the situation of only enhancement layer 1A, 6A having been carried out fire-retardantization processing,, also can carry out fire-retardantization processing to resin bed 1B, 6B.In addition, according to fire-retardantization ratio of condition, base material 1C, exterior packaging material 6C etc., do not need both sides are formed identical fire retardant amount, but the combination of any ratio all is fine.The ratio of these fire-retardantization, the batch process processability when needing only according to the processing heater, the one-tenth when producing in batches were determined originally.
In addition, in the present embodiment,, still, be under the state of benchmark with final products although understand in base material 1C and exterior packaging material 6C both sides the situation of the enhancement layer of using anti-flammability, also can be only to the enhancement layer of side application anti-flammability wherein.In addition, also can be that the only any one party among base material 1C, the exterior packaging material 6C is made of resin bed and enhancement layer, the opposing party then only is made of resin bed.At this moment, even have only at least one side in the material that constitutes base material 1C, exterior packaging material 6C that anti-flammability is arranged, heater also has anti-flammability.
In addition, bonding for resin bed and enhancement layer, by T mold pressing, tack core, perhaps any one in the bonding agent perhaps makes up them and adjusts intensity, can give flexibility.Especially, preferably, on the resin bed 1B that is formed with electrode 2, resistance 3, after utilizing T mold pressing bonding resin layer 6B, enhancement layer 6A is bonded on the resin bed 6B with in tack core, the bonding agent any one.Utilize this method, can obtain flexibility and the heater mass productivity excellence, that have anti-flammability.In addition, the joint of base material 1C and exterior packaging material 6C also can be an opposite configuration.
Usually, film and the nonwoven fabrics that forms by the T mold pressing, weave cotton cloth etc. bonding because can in a stage, process, so be cheaply.But,, be immersed in the nonwoven fabrics so film resin contains because film resin at high temperature contacts with nonwoven fabrics with the high state of flowability.Base material 1C, exterior packaging material 6C bring into play flexibility by sliding between the polyester fiber that uses as nonwoven fabrics, still, are immersed in the nonwoven fabrics (enhancement layer) if film resin (resin bed) contains, and then this slip is suppressed, thereby flexibility is impaired.
In the present embodiment, owing to utilize the T mold pressing can regulate resin impregnation amount, so base material 1C, exterior packaging material 6C show flexibility.With being constituted as netted tack core, because nonwoven fabrics is a locality with engaging of film, so flexibility is maintained by the thermal welding resin.If the use bonding agent then owing to can utilize spraying etc. to make coating amount less, and can use soft bonding agent, styrene series elastomer etc. for example is so can access the heater of flexibility excellence.
Like this, base material, exterior packaging material etc. as described in enforcement mode 1, also can only be made of resin film.In addition, as described in present embodiment, also can have the resin bed that constitutes by resin film and be this two aspect of the enhancement layer with flexibility of representative with weave cotton cloth or nonwoven fabrics etc.That is, base material, exterior packaging material etc. are as long as have the electrode 2 of the minimal function that supports and be covered conduct formation heater and the resin film of resistance 3.
In addition, if with enhancement layer 1A, 6A any one is arranged to more than or equal to 100g/m at least
2And smaller or equal to 200g/m
2Order pay, then can give resiliency and texture simultaneously, thereby be effective for the sense performance of taking a seat of seat heater with flexibility.Especially, 150g/m
2The knitted fabric that order is paid has versatility, is best for low cost.Perhaps, if use more than or equal to 15g/m
2And smaller or equal to 50g/m
2The anti-flammability spunlaced fabric that order is paid then can be bonded on other the skin material such as shield, leather and integrated the use, thereby range of application enlarges.And then, on enhancement layer 6A, having the anti-flammability spunlaced fabric of peristome if use, then resin bed 6B can be used as hot glue when bonding being undertaken by peristome, use thereby be adhered on other the parts.
In addition, preferably, at least one side's of enhancement layer 1A, 6A material is arranged to the retractility material, particularly, is arranged to the thermoplastic elastomer, polyurethane foaming body of polyurethane series, olefin-based, polystyrene, polyester system etc.Thus, flexibility, retractility and resiliency further improve, thereby can obtain taking a seat the extremely excellent heater of sense.
(execution mode 14)
The basic structure of the heater of present embodiment is identical with Figure 13 A shown in the execution mode 12, Figure 13 B.In the present embodiment, resistance 3 carry out fire-retardantization.That is, form the high molecule electric resistance ink of resistance 3, modulate as described below.
At first, make up multiple ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as crystalline polymer, and mixing, crosslinked carbon black as the conductivity attritive powder.The expanding material that has expansile graphite to its interpolation acrylonitrile butyl rubber, as fire retardant.In addition, as adhesive, form the ink shape and modulate the high molecule electric resistance ink with solvent.Expansile graphite is because improve the flowability of mixing the ink when using with carbon black, so print easily.Use this ink, same with execution mode 12, heater is formed.
In addition, in the present embodiment, in base material 1, exterior packaging material 6, do not add fire retardant, and only constitute for 30 parts with 70 parts of the thermoplastic resins of olefin-based and the adhesive resin of olefin-based.Thickness, manufacture method etc. are same with execution mode 1.
For the heater of this structure, if carry out the evaluation of automobile, then with to base material, exterior packaging material etc. do not use the situation of fire retardant to compare fully with flame-retardant standard (FMVSS302), burning rate can be suppressed to half.In addition, be adhered on the padded coaming of seat and carrying out to reach the reference condition of anti-flammability under the situation of anti-flammability evaluation.In addition, the flexibility of heater even also can be not impaired under the situation of having given anti-flammability, thereby make flexibility and anti-flammability and deposits.
In addition, the fire retardant that contained of resistance 3 is not limited to expansile graphite.Can be suitable for as the fire retardant explanation in the execution mode 12.As mentioned above, it is desirable to, fire retardant is less because of the weight change that intensification causes, and thermal stability is higher.Particularly, the weight with respect at room temperature measuring it is desirable to, and the weight when being warmed up to 200 ℃ is more than or equal to 99.5%.
Figure 17 illustrates a kind of 1 as phosphorus flame retardant, the curve chart of the evaluation result of the TG of the two 3,5-dimethylphenyl phosphates of 3-phenylene.The weight change that is warmed up to during 200 ℃ from about 30 ℃ room temperatures is about+0.3%.Even this material is included in the resistance 3 as fire retardant, also can obtains same effect.
In the present embodiment, the situation of only resistance 3 being given anti-flammability has been described, still, also can with the textural association of execution mode 12,13.That is, even all give anti-flaming function to base material 1, exterior packaging material 6, resistance 3 etc., fire resistance also further improves.
(execution mode 15)
The basic structure of the heater of present embodiment is identical with Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B in the execution mode 13.The difference of the heater of present embodiment and execution mode 13 is the composition of the 1st resin bed 1B, the 2nd resin bed 6B.Structure in addition is identical with execution mode 13.
Resin bed 1B comprises the resin combination that the adhesive resin of the material that formed by the thermoplastic elastomer mixed in equal amounts with polymerization reaction type and compound these 2 kinds of olefin-based and olefin-based constitutes.The adherence resin has the cementability functional group of maleic acid etc.This resin combination is made of thermoplastic elastomer 70% weight and adhesive resin 30% weight.Resin bed 1B further comprises combination phosphorus system and nitrogen is and fire retardant 5% weight of formation, comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTEF) attritive powder 0.3% weight as mobility donor, prevents that as foaming agent from comprising silica gel attritive powder 1.5% weight.Utilize this formation, resin bed 1B has flexibility and anti-flammability.Resin bed 1B is bonded in the thickness of 50～60 μ m by the T mold pressing on the spunlaced fabric face of the 1st enhancement layer 1A of anti-flammability.
The resin bed 6B of anti-flammability, with by 30 parts of resin combinations of forming of adhesive resin of 50 parts of lienar for low density polyethylene (LDPE)s, 20 parts of compound thermoplastic elastomers and olefin-based as main component.And then, comprise fire retardant 10% weight same with resin bed 1B, mobility donor 0.3% weight, foaming prevents agent 1.5% weight.Resin bed 6B is bonded on the 2nd enhancement layer 6A of anti-flammability by the thickness of T mold pressing with 50～60 μ m.
If the heater of this structure is carried out the evaluation of automobile with flame-retardant standard (FMVSS302), even horizontal arrangement and from the end face initial burning does not then stop just can not reaching graticule 38mm burning yet.In addition, the flexibility of heater, even under the situation of having given anti-flammability, can not suffer damage yet, thus flexibility and anti-flammability and deposit.With regard to the take a seat sense aspect of actual installation on seat, be evaluated as the same with the seat heater of in the past nonwoven fabrics, wire type.For the sense of taking a seat as seat heater, flexibility, retractility, resiliency have relation, but satisfy all.
In resin bed 1B, thermoplastic elastomer uses in order to give flexibility, retractility and thermal endurance.Adhesive resin uses for the closely connected property of giving electrode 2 and resistance 3.The thermal endurance of so-called thermoplastic elastomer is meant the baking temperature after the printing that can tolerate electrode 2, resistance 3 etc.In the present embodiment, must 150 ℃ of atmospheres about 30 minutes of tolerance.Therefore, use the thermoplastic elastomer of olefin-based with the fusing point about 170 ℃.Fire retardant uses in order to give anti-flammability.For the desired character of fire retardant, desirable material etc., since identical with the fire retardant that in execution mode 12, in the base material 1 that constitutes by resin film, exterior packaging material 6 etc., adds, so omit explanation.
The interpolation concentration of fire retardant is high more can give high anti-flammability more.Also be arranged to also can make enhancement layer 1A, 6A not have anti-flammability in the combination of same fire retardant interpolation concentration at the fire retardant that adds 20% weight, to resin bed 6B.That is, even use common polyester non-woven fabric in enhancement layer 1A, 6A, heater also has from quench.And then, fire retardant concentration is being arranged under the situation of 30% weight, can under identical conditions, form noninflammability.But if add fire retardant in resin bed 1B, 6B, then melt viscosity rises, thus the resin flow reduction, the elongation during high temperature reduces, thus the filming that realizes thin-walled becomes difficult.If add the fire retardant of 15% weight, then under 210 ℃, to have used in the mensuration of load of 5kg, fusion mass flow (MFR) is reduced to 0.5 from 3.5.For it is improved, need the mobility donor of the attritive powder etc. of PTFE as additive.If add the attritive powder of the PTFE of 0.3% weight, then be improved as the MFR that fire retardant does not have the interpolation level.In addition, the example of mobility donor, with in execution mode 12, in the base material that constitutes by resin film, exterior packaging material etc., add identical.
And then, in the filming of resin bed 1B, 6B,,, all need high forming temperature in order to improve the flowability of resin material no matter be T mold pressing or blow molding.Normally more than or equal to 220 ℃, the situation more than or equal to 250 ℃ is arranged also.Under high like this forming temperature, because of thermal decomposition of the moisture that absorbed by resin material, resin material self, fire retardant self etc. produces some gases.Remove these gas in order to adsorb, as additive, the foaming such as silica gel attritive powder that it is desirable to for example to add 1～2% weight prevent agent.Thus, suppress the foaming of resin material and can realize the filming of specific thickness.Foaming prevents the example of agent, with in execution mode 12 in the base material 1 that constitutes by resin film, exterior packaging material 6 etc. interpolation identical.
Resin bed 6B is made up of olefin-based resin, adhesive resin, fire retardant and additive.In resin bed 6B, do not need the thermal endurance as resin bed 1B, and require to produce ground covering electrodes 2 and resistance 3 in batches by thermal welding.Therefore, the olefin-based resin with about 110 ℃ of fusing points is that flexibility and processability are given in the basis.In addition, adhesive resin, the purpose of use is the closely connected property of giving electrode 2, resistance 3 etc.In order to give retractility, also can add a spot of olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer.For fire retardant, additive, 1B is identical with resin bed.
Below, be described in other compositions of the resin combination that comprises among the resin bed 1B.Resin combination except above-mentioned combination, also can make up with 2 in olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, polyurethane series thermoplastic elastomer, the polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer at least.In this is formed, can obtain having produced the processability as thermoplastic elastomer, the thermal endurance of olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, the flexibility of polyurethane series thermoplastic elastomer and the resin combination that ptc characteristics improves the flexibility of effect, polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer.
Particularly, from the thermal endurance of olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, polyurethane series thermoplastic elastomer, select 2, with a side for more than or equal to 30% weight and smaller or equal to 70% weight, the opposing party for more than or equal to 30% weight and smaller or equal to 70% weight and mix, decentralized resin is that mode smaller or equal to 30% weight mixes.The resin bed 1B of this resin combination has been used in formation, thereby constitutes heater.This heater is excellence aspect flexibility, even add the long duration test of shaking, resistance value also can be stablized.
For example, with etc. the weight mixed olefins be thermoplastic elastomer, polyurethane series thermoplastic elastomer, and it is added the nitrogen phosphorus flame retardant of 25% weight and modulates resin combination.
Usually, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer and polyurethane series thermoplastic elastomer lack intermiscibility.But the resin combination of also considering above-mentioned mixing is at 80 ℃ of resistance value excellent in stability of placing under the test, and fire retardant plays a role as the phase solvation.In order to realize dissolving mutually of olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer and polyurethane series thermoplastic elastomer reliably, it is desirable to add the decentralized resin that mixes.For example, as the decentralized resin that mixes,, also can obtain good resistance value stability even add the ethylene-acrylate-anhydrous maleic acid terpolymer resin of 15% weight.
The what is called decentralized resin that mixes is to import sex change polyolefin that anhydrous maleic, carboxylic acid group's isopolarity base are arranged, sex change thermoplastic elastomer etc., has compatibility between the different resins and forms and dissolve structure mutually thereby can make by polar group.As the sex change polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, ethylene-vinyl acrylic copolymer resin, ethene-methyl methacrylate copolymer resins, ethene-methyl-prop diluted acid ester copolymer resins etc. are arranged.So-called sex change thermoplastic elastomer has modified polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer etc.
In addition, also can be after for example masterbatch be 70% weight concentration with fire retardant with the decentralized resin that mixes in advance, with mixed with resin utilizing this polar group.Thus, the dispersiveness of fire retardant improves, and can filming.
Even mix the styrene thermoplastic elastomer of olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, 30～70% weight of 30～70% weight,, used the resistance value of its heater also can stablize smaller or equal to the decentralized resin of mixing of 30% weight.For example, mixed olefins is thermoplastic elastomer 45% weight, polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer 45% weight, decentralized resin 10% weight that mixes is modulated resin combination.Mix this resin combination 75% weight and fire retardant 25% weight, and can constitute the resin bed 1B of heatproof combustion resistance.
Even mix the polyurethane series thermoplastic elastomer of polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer, 30～70% weight of 30～70% weight,, used the resistance value of its heater also can stablize smaller or equal to the decentralized resin of mixing of 30% weight.For example, modulate resin combination by mixing polystyrene olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer 45% weight, polyurethane series thermoplastic elastomer 45% weight, decentralized resin 10% weight that mixes.Mix this resin combination 75% weight and fire retardant 25% weight, and can constitute the resin bed 1B of anti-flammability.
Below, another composition of the resin combination that comprises in resin bed 6B is described.Resin combination except combinations thereof, can also be that fusing point and the fusing point that is included in the crystalline resin in the resistance 3 are apart smaller or equal to the combination between 30 ℃ the polyolefin.Perhaps, also can be the combination of such polyolefin and thermoplastic elastomer.Resin bed 6B by the change in volume that forms such composition, can constitute the thermal change that approaches resistance 3, promptly cause by temperature.
Particularly, resin combination is mixed into more than or equal to 30% weight and smaller or equal to the polyolefin of 70% weight, more than or equal to 30% weight and smaller or equal to the sex change polyolefin of 70% weight and smaller or equal to the decentralized resin of mixing of 30% weight.At this, the decentralized resin that mixes for example can use low-molecular-weight sex change polyvinyl paraffin wax.For example, mix polyolefin 45% weight, sex change polyolefin 45% weight and molten decentralized resin 10% weight and modulate resin combination.In this resin combination 75% weight, mix fire retardant 25% weight, and obtain the resin bed 6B of bonding anti-flammability.In addition, as the decentralized resin that mixes, also can use to import the sex change polyolefin that anhydrous maleic acid, carboxylic acid isopolarity base are arranged.
In addition, even constitute resin combination by the thermoplastic elastomer of the sex change polyolefin of 30～70% weight, 30～70% weight with smaller or equal to the decentralized resin of mixing of 30% weight, also can obtain having the flexibility heater of excellent resistance value stability.
And then, also can constitute resin combination by the thermoplastic elastomer of the sex change polyolefin of 30～70% weight, 30～70% weight with smaller or equal to the decentralized resin of mixing of 30% weight.As thermoplastic elastomer, can use polyurethane series, polystyrene.
Fire retardant is evenly spread in the resin combination, be extremely important for the filming of resin bed 1B, 6B, and use as masterbatch, can obtain reproducibility height, anti-flammability and the high resin combination of filming adaptability by the decentralized resin that will mix.
In addition, in the present embodiment, enhancement layer 1A, 6A and resin bed 1B, 6B both sides all have anti-flammability, still, also can only constitute resin bed 1B, 6B with the material with anti-flammability.
More than, be illustrated according to execution mode, still, the present invention is not limited to these execution modes and numerical value shown in it or material, has same effect and effect.In addition, its specific structure in each execution mode even implement respectively with the terminal structure of explanation in execution mode 1, also can be brought into play intrinsic effect.
In the structure of heater of the present invention, in the position arbitrarily of heater, in addition, after installing comprehensively, can form and allow that electric current is big, high reliability and large-duty current feed department.Therefore, under need situation, obtain Fast Heating and need the situation of heater of bigger inrush current inferior, exceedingly useful having formed with resistance temperature characteristic than multiple current because supply voltage is low.
Claims (59)
1. heater possesses:
Base material;
Be arranged on the pair of electrodes on the above-mentioned base material;
Be formed on the resistance that can generate heat between the above-mentioned pair of electrodes;
Be arranged on above-mentioned each electrode and comprise the electroconductive resin of thermal sclerosing material;
Be arranged on the terminal component on the above-mentioned electroconductive resin;
Be arranged on the jointing metal of the hot melt property on the above-mentioned terminal component;
Be formed with the bond of fusion hot melt property mutually with above-mentioned jointing metal; And
The lead-in wire of above-mentioned bond welding at one end;
Wherein, above-mentioned electroconductive resin, be set on the degree of the thermal impact that is subjected to above-mentioned jointing metal and above-mentioned bond above-mentioned jointing metal near.
2. heater as claimed in claim 1 further possesses:
Cover above-mentioned pair of electrodes, above-mentioned resistance, above-mentioned terminal component and above-mentioned jointing metal and be provided with the exterior packaging material of through hole;
Wherein, above-mentioned fusion phase via above-mentioned through hole, is formed between above-mentioned bond and the above-mentioned jointing metal.
3. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned electrode package is resinous and be dispersed in electroconductive powder in the above-mentioned resin.
4. heater as claimed in claim 1 wherein above-mentioned terminal component is roughened with composition surface above-mentioned electroconductive resin.
5. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned terminal component is the electrolytic metal paper tinsel.
6. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned terminal component is the rolled metal paper tinsel.
7. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned terminal component are the metallic plates that is coated with different kinds of metals on the surface.
8. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned electroconductive resin and cementitious material are also put on above-mentioned terminal component and face above-mentioned electrode engagement.
9. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned electroconductive resin contain the reactive curing agent that is restricted under the temperature smaller or equal to regulation.
10. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned electroconductive resin contain with the copolyester be the resin of main component and under temperature smaller or equal to regulation the curing agent of the reactive piece type isocyanates that is restricted.
11. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned electroconductive resin and above-mentioned electrode contain resin of the same race.
12. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned base material comprises the 1st resin bed and the 1st enhancement layer with elastomer proterties, and above-mentioned pair of electrodes is formed on above-mentioned the 1st resin bed, above-mentioned exterior packaging material comprises 2nd resin bed and 2nd enhancement layer of thermal welding on above-mentioned the 1st resin bed, and at least one side's restriction of above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer applies the retractility of direction to the voltage of above-mentioned resistance.
13. heater as claimed in claim 12, at least one side of wherein above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer comprises the 1st fiber of as one man arranging and limit retractility with specific direction.
14. heater as claimed in claim 13, wherein the orientation of above-mentioned fiber with the voltage of above-mentioned resistance is applied direction with greater than 0 ° of angle setting less than 90 °.
15. heater as claimed in claim 13, at least one side of wherein above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer is included in the 2nd fiber that intersects on the orthogonal direction with above-mentioned the 1st fiber and limit retractility.
16. heater as claimed in claim 12, at least one side of wherein above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer comprises the nonwoven fabrics that forms by fiber interweaving.
17. heater as claimed in claim 16, at least one side of wherein above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer further comprises the 1st fiber of as one man arranging and limit retractility with specific direction, and at least one side of above-mentioned the 1st resin bed and above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed is formed on the face of above-mentioned nonwoven fabrics.
18. heater as claimed in claim 12, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed are included in the resin material of not fusion under the fusing point of above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed.
19. it is hot plastic elastomer that heater as claimed in claim 12, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed comprise the propylene that is formed by polymerization reaction.
20. it is hot plastic elastomer that heater as claimed in claim 12, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed comprise the ethylene, propylene that is formed by polymerization reaction.
21. heater as claimed in claim 12, high ductibility resin when wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed comprises elastomer and fusion.
22. heater as claimed in claim 21, wherein above-mentioned elastomer are the plastic elastomers of olefin-based heat, the high ductibility resin is the plastic elastomer of polystyrene heat during above-mentioned fusion.
23. heater as claimed in claim 12, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed is the material that is subjected to imbibition when forming at least one side of above-mentioned electrode and above-mentioned resistance because of the solvent that contains, and above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer suppresses the expansion that causes because of swelling of above-mentioned the 1st resin bed.
24. heater as claimed in claim 12, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed comprise the olefin-based elastomer and functional group imports olefin resin.
25. heater as claimed in claim 12, wherein have following a kind of situation at least: above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer is enhanced because of the impregnation of above-mentioned the 1st resin bed in above-mentioned base material, and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer is enhanced because of the impregnation of above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed in above-mentioned exterior packaging material.
26. heater as claimed in claim 1, at least one side of wherein above-mentioned base material, above-mentioned exterior packaging material and above-mentioned resistance has anti-flammability.
27. heater as claimed in claim 26, at least one side of wherein above-mentioned base material and above-mentioned exterior packaging material is a resin film.
28. heater as claimed in claim 26, at least one side of wherein above-mentioned base material and above-mentioned exterior packaging material comprises resin film, and above-mentioned heater further possesses the enhancement layer of the outer surface of the above-mentioned resin film that has been covered.
29. heater as claimed in claim 28, wherein above-mentioned enhancement layer has anti-flammability, be weave cotton cloth and nonwoven fabrics in any one.
30. heater as claimed in claim 26, at least one side of wherein above-mentioned base material and above-mentioned exterior packaging material comprises thermoplastic resin.
31. heater as claimed in claim 26, at least one of wherein above-mentioned base material, above-mentioned exterior packaging material and above-mentioned resistance comprises at least any one party in phosphorus flame retardant, the nitrogen flame retardant.
32. heater as claimed in claim 26, wherein above-mentioned resistance comprises crystalline polymer, conductivity attritive powder, fire retardant.
33. heater as claimed in claim 32, wherein above-mentioned fire retardant comprises expansile graphite.
34. heater as claimed in claim 26, wherein above-mentioned base material, above-mentioned exterior packaging material and above-mentioned resistance any one comprises weight rate when being warmed up to 200 ℃ smaller or equal to 0.5% fire retardant at least.
35. heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned base material comprises the 1st resin bed with flexibility and the 1st enhancement layer that has flexibility and engage with above-mentioned the 1st resin bed, above-mentioned exterior packaging material comprises the 2nd resin bed that has flexibility and engage with above-mentioned the 1st resin bed and the 2nd enhancement layer that has flexibility and engage with above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed, above-mentioned pair of electrodes is formed on above-mentioned the 1st resin bed, in above-mentioned the 1st resin bed, above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed, above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer any one has anti-flammability at least.
36. heater as claimed in claim 35, at least any one party of wherein above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer be included in copolymerization in the molecule nonwoven fabrics of fire retardant is arranged and contain in the nonwoven fabrics that is soaked with fire retardant at least any one.
37. heater as claimed in claim 35, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed comprises thermoplastic elastomer, adhesive resin and fire retardant.
38. heater as claimed in claim 37, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed further comprise foaming prevent agent, this foaming prevent agent contain in the powder of the powder of the powder of quick lime, silica gel and zeolite at least any one.
39. heater as claimed in claim 37, wherein above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed comprises olefin-based resin, adhesive resin and fire retardant.
40. heater as claimed in claim 39, wherein above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed further comprise foaming prevent agent, this foaming prevent agent contain in the powder of the powder of the powder of quick lime, silica gel and zeolite at least any one.
41. heater as claimed in claim 39, the order of at least any one party of wherein above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer is paid more than or equal to 100g/m
2And smaller or equal to 200g/m
2
42. heater as claimed in claim 35, at least any one party of wherein above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer comprises the retractility material.
43. heater as claimed in claim 35, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed have thermal endurance and with above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer thermal welding, above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer and above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed are bonding.
44. comprising by the spunlaced fabric of anti-flammability and voltage with respect to above-mentioned resistance, heater as claimed in claim 35, wherein above-mentioned the 1st enhancement layer apply the spinning fabric that fiber that direction disposes constitutes on parallel direction.
45. heater as claimed in claim 35, wherein above-mentioned the 2nd enhancement layer comprises more than or equal to 100g/m
2And smaller or equal to 200g/m
2The anti-flammability knitted fabric that order is paid and more than or equal to 15g/m
2And smaller or equal to 50g/m
2In the anti-flammability spunlaced fabric that order is paid any one.
46. heater as claimed in claim 35, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed comprise more than or equal to 30% weight and smaller or equal to the olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer of 70% weight, more than or equal to 30% weight and smaller or equal to the polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer of 70% weight, smaller or equal to decentralized resin of mixing of 30% weight and fire retardant.
47. heater as claimed in claim 46, the wherein above-mentioned decentralized resin that mixes comprise import in sex change polyolefin that polar group is arranged and the sex change thermoplastic elastomer at least any one.
48. heater as claimed in claim 35, wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed comprises polyolefin and fire retardant, and this polyolefin has fusing point with the crystalline resin that comprises at a distance of the fusing point smaller or equal to 30 ℃ in above-mentioned resistance.
49. heater as claimed in claim 35, wherein above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed comprise more than or equal to 30% weight and smaller or equal to the polyolefin of 70% weight, more than or equal to 30% weight and smaller or equal to the thermoplastic elastomer of 70% weight, smaller or equal to decentralized resin of mixing of 30% weight and fire retardant.
50. heater as claimed in claim 49, the wherein above-mentioned decentralized resin that mixes comprise import in sex change polyolefin that polar group is arranged and the sex change thermoplastic elastomer at least any one.
51. heater as claimed in claim 35, at least any one party of wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed and above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed further comprises fire retardant, this fire retardant contain in nitrogen flame retardant and the phosphorus flame retardant at least any one.
52. heater as claimed in claim 35, at least any one party of wherein above-mentioned the 1st resin bed and above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed comprises fire retardant, and this fire retardant comprises and has more than or equal to 90 ℃ and smaller or equal to the phosphorus flame retardant of 250 ℃ fusing point.
53. the manufacture method of a heater comprises:
A) step of formation pair of electrodes on base material;
B) step of the resistance that formation can be generated heat between above-mentioned pair of electrodes;
C) electroconductive resin is joined to the step of above-mentioned each electrode;
D) terminal component is joined to the step of above-mentioned electroconductive resin;
E) jointing metal of hot melt property is joined to the step of above-mentioned terminal component;
F) between the bond of hot melt property and above-mentioned jointing metal, form the step of fusion phase;
And
G) in the step of the above-mentioned bond of an end welding of lead-in wire;
Wherein, above-mentioned electroconductive resin, be set on the degree of the thermal impact that is subjected to above-mentioned F step above-mentioned jointing metal near.
54. the manufacture method of heater as claimed in claim 53 further comprises:
H) step of exterior packaging material is set in the mode that covers above-mentioned pair of electrodes, above-mentioned resistance, above-mentioned terminal component and above-mentioned jointing metal;
J) by make welding the above-mentioned lead-in wire of above-mentioned bond approach above-mentioned exterior packaging material and heating and the step of through hole be set on above-mentioned exterior packaging material; And
K) between above-mentioned bond and above-mentioned jointing metal, form the step of above-mentioned fusion phase via above-mentioned through hole.
55. the manufacture method of heater as claimed in claim 53, the material that wherein forms above-mentioned electroconductive resin has thermosetting, and it is in unhardened state in above-mentioned C step.
56. the manufacture method of heater as claimed in claim 53, the material that wherein forms above-mentioned electroconductive resin has thermosetting, and contain to be useful on and in above-mentioned C step, give mobile solvent, the state that its major part that is in unhardened and above-mentioned solvent composition in above-mentioned C step is removed.
57. the manufacture method of heater as claimed in claim 53, the material that wherein forms above-mentioned electroconductive resin has thermosetting, and above-mentioned electrode is by thermmohardening before above-mentioned C step.
58. the manufacture method of heater as claimed in claim 53 further comprises:
L) carry out by the 1st resin bed and the 1st enhancement layer the above-mentioned base material of bonding formation, by any one the step at least in the above-mentioned exterior packaging material of bonding formation of the 2nd resin bed and the 2nd enhancement layer;
Wherein, utilize in T mold pressing, tack core, the bonding agent any one carries out above-mentioned L step at least.
59. the manufacture method of heater as claimed in claim 53, wherein above-mentioned base material comprises the 1st resin bed and the 1st enhancement layer, above-mentioned exterior packaging material comprises the 2nd resin bed and the 2nd enhancement layer, and above-mentioned electrode and above-mentioned resistance are formed on above-mentioned the 1st resin bed in above-mentioned A step and above-mentioned B step;
This method further comprises:
M) utilize the T mold pressing the 2nd resin bed to be adhered to the step of above-mentioned the 1st resin bed, above-mentioned electrode and above-mentioned resistance; And
N) utilize in tack core or the bonding agent any one the 2nd enhancement layer to be adhered to the step of above-mentioned the 2nd resin bed.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004070410A JP2005259564A (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2004-03-12 | Polymer heating element and manufacturing method of the heating element |
| JP070410/2004 | 2004-03-12 | ||
| JP088852/2004 | 2004-03-25 | ||
| JP176807/2004 | 2004-06-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1930918A true CN1930918A (en) | 2007-03-14 |
| CN100536624C CN100536624C (en) | 2009-09-02 |
Family
ID=35085070
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005800079633A Expired - Fee Related CN100536624C (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2005-03-11 | Heating element and production method thereof |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2005259564A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100536624C (en) |
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| CN102422708A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2012-04-18 | 乐金华奥斯有限公司 | Heat-generating film, and heat-generating product comprising same |
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| JPS60194895U (en) * | 1984-06-06 | 1985-12-25 | 弘進ゴム株式会社 | Flexible sheet heating element |
| JPH0746629B2 (en) * | 1986-12-09 | 1995-05-17 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element |
| JPH01213979A (en) * | 1988-02-20 | 1989-08-28 | Nok Corp | Surface-shaped heat emitting body |
| JPH01213978A (en) * | 1988-02-21 | 1989-08-28 | Nok Corp | Surface-shaped heat emitting body |
| JPH11345703A (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 1999-12-14 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Ptc element |
| ES2296611T3 (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2008-05-01 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | SELF-REGULATED FLEXIBLE HEATER. |
| JP4863036B2 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2012-01-25 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Heat generation method |
| AU2003241668A1 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-01-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Flexible ptc heating element and method of manufacturing the heating element |
| JP2005228546A (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Heating element |
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- 2004-03-12 JP JP2004070410A patent/JP2005259564A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100536624C (en) | 2009-09-02 |
| JP2005259564A (en) | 2005-09-22 |
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