CN1929447A - Method and device for searching address prefixion and message transfer method and system - Google Patents

Method and device for searching address prefixion and message transfer method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1929447A
CN1929447A CNA2006101406910A CN200610140691A CN1929447A CN 1929447 A CN1929447 A CN 1929447A CN A2006101406910 A CNA2006101406910 A CN A2006101406910A CN 200610140691 A CN200610140691 A CN 200610140691A CN 1929447 A CN1929447 A CN 1929447A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
address
prefix
memory
message
address prefix
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
CNA2006101406910A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN100466627C (en
Inventor
杜文华
洪荣峰
杨雄
吕超
李新慧
阳东
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CNB2006101406910A priority Critical patent/CN100466627C/en
Publication of CN1929447A publication Critical patent/CN1929447A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract

This invention discloses one address prefix search device, which comprises the following parts: prefix memory composed of two memory areas to store relative length address prefix; matching module to receive IP message and to extract IP message address information to find the said address information prefix in prefix memory. This invention provides one prefix research method and message transfer system and method.

Description

Address prefix lookup method and device and message forwarding method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to data communication, relate in particular to a kind of address prefix lookup method and device, and message forwarding method and system.
Background technology
In today of social informatization high development, the network traffics of the Internet particularly flow of core network increase with exponential, number of users and the requirement of service also increased sharply simultaneously, everything has all proposed the more requirement of high-performance and capacity to the backbone router as internet core equipment.Need search the arrival faster speed by the longest matching domain to packet IP (Internet Protocol, Internet protocol) address, also require the capacity of IP route table constantly to enlarge simultaneously.
Router in the IP network is responsible for the IP message and searches routing iinformation, and this function is called " message forwarding ", is called for short " forwarding ".And the form that is used for the required routing iinformation of stored messages forwarding in the router is called " route forwarding table ".Route forwarding table comprises two parts usually: transmit prefix table and forwarding information table.What store in the forwarding prefix table is the network address (being also referred to as network prefix) or host address, and we are referred to as " address prefix ".What store in the forwarding information table is that message is transmitted information such as required outbound port and next-hop ip address.
It is such that router carries out the process that routing iinformation searches: at first with the purpose IP address (DIP) of carrying in the IP message, to transmitting the list item of searching coupling in the prefix table, remove to read the forwarding information list item related then, transmit required routing iinformation thereby obtain message with this list item.
Searching the list item that is complementary with message purpose IP address in transmitting prefix table is a complicated operations, and the speed that this operation is finished has just determined the forwarding performance of a router basically.In high-performance router, usually IPv6 is transmitted prefix table and be stored among the CAM (ContentAddress Memory, content adressable memory), utilize the quick coupling characteristics of CAM, realize high performance route querying operation.
The data of the address correspondence of CAM generally are the unit (other bit cell situation is similar) of 72 bits, the purpose IP address of IPV6 is 128, the route forwarding table of such IPV6 will take the CAM unit of 144 bits, i.e. two CAM addresses, but for IPV6 address prefix mask-length less than under the 144 bit situations, one 144 bit cell with CAM is realized matching addresses, wastes the memory space of CAM, will reduce the storage efficiency of CAM.Because at present CAM device heap(ed) capacity is limited and cost an arm and a leg, the CAM storage efficiency is low just need to satisfy the needs that message is transmitted with more CAM device, and then the manufacturing cost of increase router, influences the competitiveness of router.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that embodiments of the invention will solve is to propose a kind of address prefix and searches apparatus and method, the inefficient defective of memory stores when overcoming the message forwarding to greatest extent.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of address prefix and search device, comprising:
The prefix memory comprises at least two storage areas, and described storage area is respectively applied for the address prefix of storage respective length;
Matching module is used to receive the IP message, extracts the address information in the described IP message, searches the address prefix that is complementary with described address information in described prefix memory.
The technical scheme that following address prefix is searched device is optional technical scheme.
Described address information is effective high position of purpose IP address, and matching module receives the IP message, extracts effective high position of the purpose IP address in the described IP message, searches the address prefix that is complementary with a described effective high position in described prefix memory.
Described address prefix is searched device and is also comprised judge module, is used for the receiver address prefix, extracts effective high position of address prefix, and the effective high position with described address prefix sends to the corresponding storage area of described prefix memory respectively.
Described address prefix is searched device and is also comprised address register, is used to store the initial address of each storage area of described prefix memory; After matching module extracts an effective high position, in address register, search the initial address of the storage area of corresponding length, search in the corresponding stored zone whether the address prefix that is complementary with an effective high position is arranged.
Described address information is Virtual Private Network sign VPNID and purpose IP address, matching module receives the IP message, determine the storage area of this IP message correspondence according to the VPNID of IP message, matching module is searched the address prefix that VPNID and purpose IP address with described IP message are complementary in the storage area of described correspondence.
Described address prefix is searched device and is also comprised judge module, is used for the receiver address prefix, according to the size of VPNID in the address prefix, described address prefix is sent to the corresponding storage area of described prefix memory.
Described prefix memory is content adressable memory CAM.
The prefix memory comprises that the memory cell bit wide of at least two CAM and different CAM is inequality, and a plurality of CAM belong to the storage area of different bit wides according to the bit wide of memory cell; And/or
Memory cell bit wide among the CAM of prefix memory is identical, described memory cell is divided into two classes, one class is the memory cell of an address prefix of storage, another kind of memory cell for a plurality of address prefixs of storage, the memory cell among the CAM belongs to the storage area of different bit wides according to the number of store address prefixes; And/or
The memory cell that comprises different bit wides among the CAM of prefix memory, the memory cell among CAM belongs to different bit wide storage areas according to the difference of memory cell bit wide.
The present invention also provides a kind of message forwarding system, comprises forwarding information memory and dispensing device, and wherein the forwarding information memory is used to store the forwarding information table, and described sending module is used for sending message according to the forwarding information list item, and message forwarding system also comprises:
The prefix memory comprises at least two storage areas, and each storage area is respectively applied for the address prefix of storage respective length;
Matching module is used to receive the IP message, extracts the address information in the described IP message, searches the address prefix that is complementary with described address information in described prefix memory.
The present invention also provides a kind of address prefix lookup method, and described method realizes based on the prefix memory, comprises at least two storage areas, and each storage area is respectively applied for the address prefix of the corresponding length of storage, said method comprising the steps of:
Receive the IP message, extract the address information in the described IP message;
In the prefix memory, search address prefix with described address information coupling.
The technical scheme of following address prefix lookup method is optional technical scheme.
Described address prefix lookup method specifically comprises:
A ', reception IP message extract the purpose IP address in the described IP message;
B ', in the prefix memory, search the address prefix with described purpose IP matching addresses, if any, finish to search, as do not have, execution in step C ';
Effective high position of C ', the described purpose IP of extraction address is searched in the prefix memory and described effective high-order address prefix that mates.
This method also comprises: the receiver address prefix, extract effective high position of address prefix, and respectively a described effective high position is sent to the storage area of described prefix memory respective length according to the length of an effective high position.
Described step C ' specifically comprises:
After extracting the effective high position in purpose IP address in the IP message, the initial address of searching the storage area of corresponding length in address register searches in the corresponding stored zone whether the address prefix that is complementary with an effective high position is arranged.
Described address information is Virtual Private Network sign VPNID and purpose IP address, and described method specifically comprises:
Receive the IP message, extract VPNID and purpose IP address in the described IP message;
Determine the storage area of this IP message correspondence according to the VPNID of described extraction, in the storage area of described correspondence, search the address prefix that is complementary with described VPNID and purpose IP address.
Described method also comprises: the receiver address prefix according to the size of VPNID in the address prefix, sends to described address prefix the storage area of described prefix memory respective length.
The present invention also provides a kind of message forwarding method, and described method realizes that based on the prefix memory described prefix memory comprises at least two storage areas, and each storage area is respectively applied for the address prefix of storage different length, said method comprising the steps of:
Receive the IP message, extract the address information in the described IP message;
In the prefix memory, search address prefix list item with described address information coupling;
Read and the related forwarding information of described coupling list item, send described IP message according to described forwarding information.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
By described content adressable memory is divided at least two storage areas according to the size of address prefix mask length, extract effective high position of address prefix according to the width of storage area correspondence and store, can in the content adressable memory of same capability, store more address prefix; The division of described content adressable memory storage area is to carry out according to the distribution dynamic of address prefix, in time adjusts the size of each storage area, improves the memory capacity of content adressable memory to greatest extent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the address prefix lookup method flow chart of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the message forwarding method flow chart one of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the message forwarding process figure two of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the message forwarding process figure three of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 searches the apparatus structure block diagram for the address prefix of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of address prefix to search apparatus and method, realize based on the prefix memory, the prefix memory dynamically is divided at least two zones, and the prefix memory of the embodiment of the invention is with the difference of existing prefix memory: the storage area of existing prefix memory does not carry out the differentiation of different bit wides; The present invention improves the storage efficiency of prefix memory to greatest extent, increases the capacity of route forwarding table under the situation of same prefix memory span.
Provide two kinds of different address prefix storage and lookup methods at IPV6 with the IPV4 embodiments of the invention.Be explained in detail below in conjunction with main realization principle, specific implementation process and the corresponding beneficial effect thereof of each accompanying drawing the embodiments of the invention scheme.
The technical scheme that provides at the IPV6 embodiments of the invention please refer to Fig. 1, this figure is the flow chart of the address prefix lookup method of the embodiment of the invention, this method is based on the realization of prefix memory, this memory is generally CAM, dynamically be divided at least two storage areas, the address prefix of each storage area storage respective length, it mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step 100: receiver address prefix, effective high position according to prefix memory fetch address prefix is stored in corresponding storage area respectively, this step is actually the preparation process of this IPV6 message forwarding method, preferred embodiment be characteristic: describe 128 bit address prefixes with the integer of 8 group of 16 bit according to the IPV6 address prefix, what the storage area of CAM was stored respectively is the address prefix of 8N bit length, and wherein N is the natural number smaller or equal to 16; An effective in the present embodiment high position is meant the rule of corresponding prefix memory division storage area, with the high order bit of storage area respective width, can be sufficient address prefix or DIP, also can be the part high order bit of address prefix or DIP;
Step 101: receive the IP message, extract the DIP that carries in the described IP message, this DIP is generally 128 bit lengths;
Step 102: the effective high position with DIP is removed the address prefix whether a certain storage area is searched coupling, whether the address prefix identical with the effective high position of DIP is promptly arranged, preferred embodiment be, for raising the efficiency, at first search the storage respective memory regions of location prefix the most longways, if find identical list item, execution in step 105, otherwise execution in step 103;
Step 103: an effective high position of extracting DIP according to the rule of prefix memory division storage area once more, and search the address prefix whether next storage area has coupling according to this effective high position, if find the address prefix of coupling, execution in step 105, otherwise execution in step 104;
Step 104: judge whether to find last storage area,, then finish to search,, also need to search again execution in step 104 if not last storage area if illustrating does not have corresponding occurrence in the prefix memory;
Step 105: address acquisition prefix in the prefix memory.
At IPV4, the embodiment of the invention is carried out the storage of address prefix according to the quantity of VPN and is searched.When VPN quantity surpasses 16, existing prefix memory is the CAM of 72bit memory cell for the memory cell bit wide, perhaps be the CAM of wideer bit memory cell, like this, the prefix memory is to adopt the CAM in unified bit wide zone to store all address prefixs; Because prefix memory of the present invention has carried out the differentiation in bit wide zone to storage area, being prefix memory of the present invention is divided into different bit wides zone according to the difference of memory cell bit wide with whole memory space, be divided into the storage area of 36bit bit wide and the storage area of 72bit bit wide as memory space with CAM, like this, when VPN quantity surpasses 16, VPNID can be stored in the storage area of 36bit bit wide less than 16 routing forwarding list item, VPNID be not less than 16 routing forwarding list item and be stored in the storage area of 72bit bit wide.
Embodiments of the invention mainly comprise following three kinds to the method that the storage area of prefix memory carries out distinguishing in the bit wide zone, and following method is that example describes with CAM.
Method 1, prefix memory comprise at least two CAM, and the memory cell bit wide of different CAM is inequality.The memory cell bit wide of the different CAM here inequality can for: the memory cell bit wide of per two CAM is all inequality, also can for: in all CAM, have inequality the getting final product of memory cell bit wide of two CAM.That is to say that if include three CAM in the prefix memory, then these three CAM can be the CAM of the CAM of 36bit, the CAM of 72bit and 144bit; This three CAM also can be the CAM of the CAM of 36bit, the CAM of 36bit and 72bit.
Method 2, prefix memory comprise a CAM, all memory cell among this CAM are divided into: the memory cell of the memory cell of an address prefix of storage and a plurality of address prefixs of storage, the memory cell of an address prefix of storage belongs to big bit wide zone, the memory cell of storing a plurality of address prefixs belongs to little bit wide zone, the address prefix of the big bit wide of memory cell corresponding stored in the big bit wide zone, the address prefix of the little bit wide of memory cell corresponding stored in the little bit wide zone; As the memory cell bit wide that a CAM and this CAM only are set in the prefix memory is 72bit, like this, a part of memory cell among this CAM is big bit wide zone, part memory cell is little bit wide zone, a memory cell in the big bit wide zone can only be stored the address prefix of a big bit wide, and a memory cell in the little bit wide zone can be stored the address prefix of two little bit wides.
Method 3, prefix memory comprise a CAM, and the memory cell among this CAM has different bit wides, and the memory cell with big bit wide belongs to big bit wide zone, and the memory cell with little bit wide belongs to little bit wide zone.The address prefix of the big bit wide of memory cell corresponding stored in the big bit wide zone, the address prefix of the little bit wide of memory cell corresponding stored in the little bit wide zone; As comprising two types memory cell among the CAM, one type is: bit wide is that the memory cell of 36bit, another kind of type are: bit wide is the memory cell of 72bit.In bit wide is the memory cell of 36bit, can only store the address prefix of a bit wide, in the memory cell of 72bit, can only store a bit wide greater than 36bit, less than the address prefix of 72bit less than 36bit.
Certainly, the prefix memory in the embodiment of the invention is carrying out the timesharing of bit wide area region to storage area, also can adopt above-mentioned any two kinds of methods simultaneously, just above-mentioned any two kinds of methods is combined use.Also can adopt above-mentioned three kinds of methods simultaneously.
No matter what kind of method the prefix memory adopts its storage area is carried out the bit wide zone and distinguishes, when store address prefixes in the prefix memory, should determine this address prefix should be stored in which bit wide zone of prefix memory according to the numerical values recited of the pre-determined bit in the address prefix such as the size of VPNID.That is to say, each all corresponding predetermined value interval, bit wide zone, when the size of the numerical values recited of the pre-determined bit in the prefix of address such as VPNID belongs to the predetermined value in certain bit wide zone when interval, this address prefix list item should be stored in the interval corresponding bit wide zone of this predetermined value.
When prefix memory employing method 1 is carried out the timesharing of bit wide area region to its storage area, the prefix memory is when the store address prefixes list item, at first determine according to the size of VPNID value in this address prefix list item which CAM this address prefix list item should be stored among, then, carry out the stores processor of this address prefix list item again.
When prefix memory employing method 2 is carried out the timesharing of bit wide area region to its storage area, the prefix memory is when the store address prefixes list item, at first determine according to the size of VPNID value in this address prefix list item this address prefix list item should be stored in which bit wide zone of a CAM, if be stored in the big bit wide zone, then this address prefix list item should take the memory cell of CAM, if be stored in the little bit wide zone, then this address prefix list item can only take the partial content of a memory cell of CAM.
The prefix memory is being provided with the address prefix forwarding-table item and need carrying out address prefix when searching, at first, matching module should be determined the VPNID of the IP message of its reception, then, matching module determines search the address prefix list item of this data message in which bit wide zone of CAM according to the VPNID size of this data message, at last, matching module is searched VPNID and the network address corresponding address prefix entries with this data message in bit wide zone that it is determined.
When the prefix memory comprises at least two memory cell bit wides CAM inequality, the detailed process of the address prefix coupling that matching module is carried out is: which CAM matching module should be stored among according to the address prefix list item that the VPNID of data message determines this data message, then, matching module is searched in this CAM that determines and the VPNID of this data message and the address prefix list item of network address coupling.
When the prefix memory is a CAM, and when the memory cell among this CAM is divided into the memory cell of an address prefix list item of storage and stores the memory cell of a plurality of address prefix list items, the detailed process of the address prefix coupling that matching module is carried out is: matching module is to take a memory cell according to the address prefix list item that the VPNID of data message determines this data message, still take partial memory cell, if take a memory cell, then matching module is searched in big bit wide zone and the VPNID of this data message and the address prefix list item of network address coupling; If take partial memory cell, then matching module is in little bit wide zone, according to the VPNID of the sequential search from high-order list item to the low level list item and this data message and the address prefix list item of network address coupling.
When prefix memory employing method 3, the prefix memory is when the store address prefixes list item, determine the bit wide of this address prefix list item according to the size of VPNID value in this address prefix list item, and this address prefix list item is stored in the memory cell in corresponding bit wide zone.If the bit wide zone has two kinds, a kind of big bit wide zone for having big bit wide memory cell, a kind of little bit wide zone for having little bit wide memory cell, then the prefix memory is determined the bit wide of this address prefix list item according to the size of VPNID value in the routing forwarding list item, if the address prefix list item that this address prefix list item is big bit wide, then the address prefix list item that the prefix memory will this big bit wide is stored in the memory cell in big bit wide zone, if the address prefix list item that this address prefix list item is little bit wide, then the address prefix list item that the prefix memory will this little bit wide is stored in the memory cell in little bit wide zone.
The prefix memory is when being provided with the address prefix list item and need carry out the address prefix coupling of data message, at first, matching module is answered the VPNID of specified data message, then, matching module determines search the address prefix list item of this data message in having the memory cell of much bit wides according to the VPNID size of this data message, at last, matching module is searched VPNID and the network address corresponding address prefix entries with this data message in having the memory cell of corresponding bit wide.
The bit wide of the minimum memory unit of the CAM that different manufacturers provides has different situations such as 32,64,72.For bit wide is 32 situation, can be according to the address prefix entries whether for the public network route realize the storage means of public network address prefix entries, and can whether be 0 according to the VPNID of data message, realize the searching of address prefix information of data message.It for minimum bit wide 64 situation, a public network address prefix entries can store in the memory cell of CAM, at this moment, can whether be that the VPNID of public network address prefix, data message 0 realizes that the address prefix of storage of address prefix list item and data message searches according to the address prefix entries equally.
Embodiments of the invention also provide a kind of message forwarding method, after described address prefix lookup method step 105, according to the address prefix that finds, remove to read the forwarding information list item that is associated, thereby obtain the IP message and transmit required routing iinformation, the IP message is transmitted according to routing iinformation.
The general storage in the unit of the address correspondence of CAM 72 Bit datas, according to this characteristic, initial address for easy-to-look-up each storage area, the invention provides a preferred embodiment: CAM is divided two zones: 144 districts and 72 districts, store mask-length respectively greater than 72 table of bits with smaller or equal to the address prefix table of 72 bits.Please refer to Fig. 2, the message forwarding method of this embodiment specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 201: receive route prefix, whether judge this route prefix mask greater than 72 bits, if greater than 72 bits, execution in step 202, if smaller or equal to 72 bits, execution in step 203;
Step 202: store this route prefix into 144 districts;
Step 203: high 72 bit storage to 72 district that extracts this route prefix;
Step 204: receive the IP message, and extract 128 DIP of this IP message;
Step 205: mate with 128 DIP that extract and each list item in 144 districts, if can mate, can find identical list item, execution in step 207; Otherwise execution in step 206;
Step 206: extract high 72 bits of DIP and each list item in 72 districts and mate, if can mate execution in step 207; Otherwise, illustrate in the whole forwarding prefix table of in CAM, storing and all can not mate, finish search procedure;
Step 207: obtain CAM units match address according to list item;
Step 208: read the forwarding information list item that is associated with this match address, thereby obtain routing iinformation, the IP message is transmitted according to this routing iinformation.
Describe below in conjunction with the technical scheme of two concrete examples the storage of the address prefix of the embodiment of the invention in the IPV4 system, coupling, data message forwarding.
Example 1, prefix memory comprise two CAM, and wherein, the memory cell width of CAM1 is 36bit, and the memory cell width of CAM2 is 72bit.The prefix memory is according to the size of VPNID value, and will transmit prefix entries and divide into two kinds: the list item of a kind of 36bit of being, another kind are the list items of 72bit.
For the situation of 0＜VPNID＜16 in the address prefix list item, the prefix memory uses 36bit to represent this forwarding prefix entries, and the prefix memory is stored in this address prefix list item among the CAM1.
For the situation of VPNID 〉=16 in the address prefix list item, the prefix memory uses 72bit to represent this address prefix list item, and the prefix memory is stored in this address prefix list item among the CAM2.
The address stored prefix entries is as shown in table 1 among the prefix memory CAM1.
Table 1
The CAM element address CAM unit memory contents (36 bit location)
100 VPNID=8, address prefix=192.168.0.*/24
101 VPNID=0, address prefix=100.200.*.*/16
102 VPNID=15, address prefix=10.11.12.13/32
… …
The address stored prefix entries is as shown in table 2 among the prefix memory CAM2.
Table 2
The CAM element address CAM unit memory contents (72 bit location)
200 VPNID=100, address prefix=192.168.0.1/32
201 VPNID=16, address prefix=10.11.*.*/16
… …
The prefix memory is after being provided with the address prefix list item shown in table 1 and the table 2, and the process of carrying out address prefix coupling, data message forwarding of the embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 3.
Among Fig. 3, receive data message at step 300, routing device, routing device begins to carry out the forwarding processing of data message.
To step 310, if whether the VPNID value of routing device judgment data message correspondence less than 16, then arrives step 320 less than 16, and routing device uses the VPNID of data message and DIP to inquire about the CAM2 of memory cell width as 72bit.To step 330.
In step 310, if the VPNID value of routing device judgment data message correspondence is not less than 16, then arrive step 321, routing device uses the VPNID of data message and DIP to inquire about the CAM1 of memory cell width as 36bit.To step 330.
In step 330, routing device obtains the address prefix list item of coupling from the search procedure of CAM1 or CAM2.
To step 340, routing device obtains routing iinformation according to the address prefix list item of this coupling from the forwarding information list item of association, and this data message is transmitted.To step 350, the repeating process of this data message finishes.
Be provided with a CAM in example 2, the routing device, and the memory cell width of this CAM is 72bit.Routing device is divided into two kinds according to the size of VPNID value with the address prefix list item: the list item of a kind of 36bit of being, another kind are the list items of 72bit.
For the situation of 0＜VPNID＜16 in the address prefix list item, routing device is stored in two such address prefix list items in the memory cell of CAM.
For the situation of VPNID 〉=16 in the address prefix list item, routing device is stored in such address prefix list item in the memory cell of CAM.
Behind the address prefix list item of routing device in being provided with CAM, memory cell among the CAM can be divided into big bit wide zone and little bit wide zone, big bit wide zone i.e. address prefix list item of a cell stores, and little bit wide zone i.e. two address prefix list items of a cell stores.The process that routing device carries out data message forwarding as shown in Figure 4.
Among Fig. 4, receive data message at step 400, routing device, routing device begins to carry out the forwarding processing of data message.
To step 410, if whether the VPNID value of routing device judgment data message correspondence less than 16, then arrives step 420 less than 16, and routing device uses the VPNID and the DIP of data message to inquire about big bit wide zone.To step 430.
In step 410, if the VPNID value of routing device judgment data message correspondence is not less than 16, then arrive step 421, routing device uses the VPNID and the sequential query little bit wide zone of DIP basis from the low level list item to high-order list item of data message, and from matching result, select an optimum Match list item, promptly select a coupling list item the longest.To step 430.
In step 430, routing device obtains the address prefix list item of coupling from the search procedure in big bit wide zone or little bit wide zone.
To step 440, routing device obtains routing iinformation according to the address prefix list item of this coupling from the forwarding information list item of association, and this data message is transmitted.To step 450, the repeating process of this data message finishes.
In the foregoing description, whether with VPNID is that bit wide area dividing and address prefix list item coupling are carried out in the boundary line less than 16, also can adopt other numerical value in actual applications, as serving as according to carrying out bit wide area dividing and address prefix list item coupling whether less than the arbitrary value in 1～16 with VPNID.
In the foregoing description, if also store the forwarding-table item of other type in the CAM memory space, as traffic classification table etc., when the shared CAM memory space of multiple list item is promptly arranged, then need to store the sign that is used to distinguish the list item type among the CAM, the bit wide that this list item type identification takies need be calculated in the bit wide that VPNID takies.
By foregoing description as can be seen, the present invention has effectively improved the utilance of prefix memory such as CAM, under the ratio of the relative public network service of vpn service is not very big situation, its effect is particularly evident, as in the routing device of certain operator,, then adopt technical scheme provided by the invention if public network route quantity has accounted for more than 90%, for prior art one, can save the CAM memory space more than 45%.
For realizing said method, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of address prefix to search device, please refer to Fig. 5, this figure is the structured flowchart of this device, it mainly comprises prefix memory 301, judge module 302, address register 303 and matching module 304, and wherein the major function of each part is as follows:
Prefix memory 301 is generally CAM, comprises at least two storage areas, each storage area is stored the address prefix of respective length respectively, in the present embodiment, comprise 3011 and 72 districts 3012,144 districts, store mask-length respectively greater than 72 bits with smaller or equal to the address prefix of 72 bits;
The memory space of CAM can also be divided into the storage area of 32bit bit wide and the storage area of 72bit bit wide, like this, when the VPN quantity of routing device support surpasses 16, VPNID is not more than 16 address prefix list item and can be stored in the storage area of 32bit bit wide, and VPNID can be stored in the storage area of 72bit bit wide greater than 16 address prefix list item.The bit wide zone differentiation of prefix memory storage area can be adopted three kinds of methods describing in the foregoing description, is not described in detail at this.
Judge module 302, be used for the receiver address prefix, effective high position according to memory partition Rule Extraction address prefix, send to corresponding storage area respectively, in the present embodiment, whether judge module 302 can judge mask-length greater than 72 bits, if preserve greater than address prefix being sent to 144 districts 3011, if smaller or equal to 72 bits, a high position 72 bits that extract address prefix send to 72 districts 3012 and preserve.The address prefix that judge module 302 also can receive according to the big young pathbreaker of VPNID in the address prefix sends to corresponding storage area, in the present embodiment, judge module 302 can judge that whether VPNID is greater than 16, if greater than 16, address prefix is sent in the storage area of 72bit bit wide, if be not more than 16, address prefix is sent in the storage area of 36bit bit wide.
Address register 303 is used to receive the initial address of each storage area that prefix memory 301 sends and preserves; For improving storage efficiency to greatest extent, prefix memory 301 inner each storage areas are DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION, promptly change the size of each storage area along with the distribution of address stored prefix length, for making things convenient for matching module 304 to mate fast, prefix memory 301 sends to address register 303 with the initial address of each storage area and preserves, and reads for matching module 304;
In the IPV6 system, matching module 304, be used to receive the IP message, extract the DIP in the described IP message, search the list item that whether has with described DIP coupling in the storage area in prefix memory 301, if any the coupling list item, read the forwarding information list item related with this list item, as not mating list item,, search next storage area according to effective high position of the Rule Extraction purpose IP address of described CAM subregion.Search next storage area, can directly search the next storage area that is right after, also can search number of times for minimizing, extract effectively high-order earlier according to zoning ordinance, and go address register to search the initial address in corresponding stored zone, whether search in the corresponding stored zone has and the effectively high-order address prefix that mates.In the present embodiment, earlier each list item with 128 DIP and 144 districts 3011 mates, if mate, the list item that coupling is obtained is as address prefix; If do not match, extract high 72 bits of 128 DIP and each list item in 72 districts and mate, if coupling, the list item that coupling is obtained is as address prefix, otherwise sends END instruction.
In the IPV4 system, matching module 304, be used to receive the IP message, extract the VPNID in the described IP message, and according to the size of this VPNID, judge the storage area of this IP message correspondence, then, in corresponding storage area, search and the VPNID of this IP message and the address prefix list item of DIP coupling.When a cell stores that comprises two or more CAM or a CAM in the prefix memory has one or more address prefix list item, the detailed process of the matching operation that matching module 304 is carried out such as the description in the above-mentioned embodiment method.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of message forwarding system, comprise that described address prefix searches device, forwarding information memory and dispensing device, described forwarding information memory is used to store the forwarding information table, described dispensing device is used for sending message according to forwarding information, after matching module is searched and is obtained address prefix, read the forwarding information list item that is associated with address prefix in the forwarding information memory, send to dispensing device, dispensing device sends message according to the routing iinformation in this forwarding information list item.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.

Claims (16)

1, a kind of address prefix is searched device, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The prefix memory comprises at least two storage areas, and described storage area is respectively applied for the address prefix of storage respective length;
Matching module is used to receive the IP message, extracts the address information in the described IP message, searches the address prefix that is complementary with described address information in described prefix memory.
2, address prefix as claimed in claim 1 is searched device, it is characterized in that: described address information is effective high position of purpose IP address, matching module receives the IP message, extract effective high position of the purpose IP address in the described IP message, in described prefix memory, search the address prefix that is complementary with a described effective high position.
3, address prefix as claimed in claim 2 is searched device, it is characterized in that: also comprise judge module, be used for the receiver address prefix, extract effective high position of address prefix, the effective high position with described address prefix sends to the corresponding storage area of described prefix memory respectively.
4, address prefix as claimed in claim 2 is searched device, it is characterized in that, also comprises address register, is used to store the initial address of each storage area of described prefix memory; After matching module extracts an effective high position, in address register, search the initial address of the storage area of corresponding length, search in the corresponding stored zone whether the address prefix that is complementary with an effective high position is arranged.
5, address prefix as claimed in claim 1 is searched device, it is characterized in that: described address information is Virtual Private Network sign VPNID and purpose IP address, matching module receives the IP message, determine the storage area of this IP message correspondence according to the VPNID of IP message, matching module is searched the address prefix that VPNID and purpose IP address with described IP message are complementary in the storage area of described correspondence.
6, address prefix as claimed in claim 5 is searched device, it is characterized in that: also comprise judge module, be used for the receiver address prefix, according to the size of VPNID in the address prefix, described address prefix is sent to the corresponding storage area of described prefix memory.
7, search device as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 described address prefixs, it is characterized in that described prefix memory is content adressable memory CAM.
8, address prefix as claimed in claim 7 is searched device, it is characterized in that:
The prefix memory comprises that the memory cell bit wide of at least two CAM and different CAM is inequality, and a plurality of CAM belong to the storage area of different bit wides according to the bit wide of memory cell; And/or
Memory cell bit wide among the CAM of prefix memory is identical, described memory cell is divided into two classes, one class is the memory cell of an address prefix of storage, another kind of memory cell for a plurality of address prefixs of storage, the memory cell among the CAM belongs to the storage area of different bit wides according to the number of store address prefixes; And/or
The memory cell that comprises different bit wides among the CAM of prefix memory, the memory cell among CAM belongs to different bit wide storage areas according to the difference of memory cell bit wide.
9, based on a kind of message forwarding system of claim 1 to 8, comprise forwarding information memory and dispensing device, wherein the forwarding information memory is used to store the forwarding information table, and described sending module is used for sending message according to the forwarding information list item, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The prefix memory comprises at least two storage areas, and each storage area is respectively applied for the address prefix of storage respective length;
Matching module is used to receive the IP message, extracts the address information in the described IP message, searches the address prefix that is complementary with described address information in described prefix memory.
10, a kind of address prefix lookup method is characterized in that: described method realizes based on the prefix memory, comprises at least two storage areas, and each storage area is respectively applied for the address prefix of the corresponding length of storage, said method comprising the steps of:
Receive the IP message, extract the address information in the described IP message;
In the prefix memory, search address prefix with described address information coupling.
11, address prefix lookup method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that: described address prefix lookup method specifically comprises:
A ', reception IP message extract the purpose IP address in the described IP message;
B ', in the prefix memory, search the address prefix with described purpose IP matching addresses, if any, finish to search, as do not have, execution in step C ';
Effective high position of C ', the described purpose IP of extraction address is searched in the prefix memory and described effective high-order address prefix that mates.
12, address prefix lookup method as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, this method also comprises: the receiver address prefix, extract effective high position of address prefix, and respectively a described effective high position is sent to the storage area of described prefix memory respective length according to the length of an effective high position.
13, address prefix lookup method as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that: described step C ' specifically comprises:
After extracting the effective high position in purpose IP address in the IP message, the initial address of searching the storage area of corresponding length in address register searches in the corresponding stored zone whether the address prefix that is complementary with an effective high position is arranged.
14, address prefix lookup method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described address information is Virtual Private Network sign VPNID and purpose IP address, and described method specifically comprises:
Receive the IP message, extract VPNID and purpose IP address in the described IP message;
Determine the storage area of this IP message correspondence according to the VPNID of described extraction, in the storage area of described correspondence, search the address prefix that is complementary with described VPNID and purpose IP address.
15, address prefix lookup method as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the receiver address prefix according to the size of VPNID in the address prefix, sends to described address prefix the storage area of described prefix memory respective length.
16, a kind of message forwarding method is characterized in that, described method realizes that based on the prefix memory described prefix memory comprises at least two storage areas, and each storage area is respectively applied for the address prefix of storage different length, said method comprising the steps of:
Receive the IP message, extract the address information in the described IP message;
In the prefix memory, search address prefix list item with described address information coupling;
Read and the related forwarding information of described coupling list item, send described IP message according to described forwarding information.
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