CN1929173A - Carbon fuel battery using nano material as anode - Google Patents
Carbon fuel battery using nano material as anode Download PDFInfo
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- CN1929173A CN1929173A CNA2006100154946A CN200610015494A CN1929173A CN 1929173 A CN1929173 A CN 1929173A CN A2006100154946 A CNA2006100154946 A CN A2006100154946A CN 200610015494 A CN200610015494 A CN 200610015494A CN 1929173 A CN1929173 A CN 1929173A
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- stainless steel
- earthenware
- carbon
- tube
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
This inventing relates to carbon fuel battery by use of nanometer as anode, which uses nanometer fiber or tube as anode and melts carbons as electrolyte and adopts double chamber gas-in structure on electrode and reference electrode. The said nanometer fiber or tube is put on bottom of metal network by ceramics materials or is distributed into electrolyte medium for direct metal network covering. The said electrolyte is melt mixture of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and lithium carbonate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of carbon consuming cell, particularly a kind of is the carbon consuming cell of anode with the nano material.
Background technology
Carbon consuming cell (DCFC) directly and has efficiently utilized the energy of carbon in the fossil fuel (theoretical thermal efficiency is 100%); The charging of carbon and the carbon dioxide of output are integrated in the unit, and collect easily.The carbon consuming cell that uses nano-carbon material to do anode should have higher polarizability and open circuit voltage than other kind carbon source of use, but does not up to the present have relevant report.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of new carbon consuming cell, carbon consuming cell of the present invention is a fuel with sodium rice carbon fiber or nano carbon tube, fused carbonate is an electrolyte, the energy that obtains stability and high efficiency by electrochemical means is exported, and produces pure carbon dioxide simultaneously.
Of the present invention a kind of be the carbon consuming cell of anode with the nano material, as anode, be electrolyte with carbon nano-fiber or CNT (carbon nano-tube) with the fused carbonate, electrode and reference electrode are all adopted the double-cabin type air intake structure.
Described carbon nano-fiber or CNT (carbon nano-tube) are preferably made by methane catalytic decomposition.
The occupation mode of described carbon nano-fiber or CNT (carbon nano-tube) is for being placed in the ceramic porous material and with the wire netting back cover, or it directly is dispersed in the electrolyte, or directly wraps up with wire netting.
Described pottery is preferably aluminium oxide or zirconia, and described wire netting is preferably nickel screen or stainless (steel) wire.
Described electrolyte is preferably sodium carbonate, potash and lithium carbonate three or any both molten mixtures wherein.
Most preferably described electrolyte is that mol ratio is 1: 1 the sodium carbonate and the molten mixture of potash, or mol ratio is 3: 2 lithium carbonate and potash molten mixture, or the mol ratio sodium carbonate that is at 1: 1: 1, potash and lithium carbonate three's molten mixture.
Of the present invention electrode is comprised a plain conductor and is fixed in the nickel sheet of lead tail end, the support that to be coated with a stainless steel tube in the outside of lead be material, the top and the first half at stainless steel tube are covered with a hollow steel cage respectively, the side of steel cage has an aperture and is vertically derived by a stainless steel tube, form the air inlet storehouse and the storehouse of giving vent to anger, first steel cage upper end sealing, lower end outside screw inboard by it and the stainless steel tube top is fixed, and all seals with healant in the steel cage top and bottom.Stainless steel stent sidewall below second steel cage has an aperture, the support outside is with an earthenware, second steel cage upper end is fixed by screw thread with stainless steel tube and is sealed with industrial healant, the lower end perforate, the diameter in hole is identical with the earthenware of being close to its below, it is connected sealing with earthenware, the lower end of earthenware and stainless steel stent sealing.
Of the present invention to electrode, be also referred to as auxiliary electrode, mainly contain the effect of two aspects: 1. be used for by electric current, realize the research polarization of electrode.2. among this DCFC, be the negative electrode of battery simultaneously to electrode, the generating electrodes reaction.Wherein the nickel sheet links to each other with a section lead, lead and load (electrical appliance, such as bulb) or the connection of electrochemical measurement instrument, the load or the electrochemical apparatus other end link to each other with galvanic anode, are electrolyte between the negative and positive two-stage, and this has constituted a loop, gas feeds by reaction tube, the lead that links to each other with the nickel sheet is also placed in the pipe, between lead and the inside pipe wall space is arranged, and gas leads on the nickel sheet by this space and reacts.
Reference electrode of the present invention adopts gold electrode, gold electrode is made up of a nickel rod and a gold small cake that is fixed in nickel rod tail end, it is in the support of material by stainless steel tube that this gold electrode is positioned over one, the top and the first half at stainless steel tube are covered with a hollow steel cage respectively, the side of two steel cages all has an aperture and is vertically derived by a stainless steel tube, form the air inlet storehouse and the storehouse of giving vent to anger, first steel cage upper end sealing, lower end outside screw inboard by it and the stainless steel tube top is fixed, and all seal with healant in the steel cage top and bottom, stainless steel stent sidewall below second steel cage has an aperture, the support outside is with an earthenware, second steel cage upper end is fixed by screw thread with stainless steel tube and is sealed with healant, the lower end perforate, the diameter in hole is identical with the earthenware of being close to its below, it is connected sealing with earthenware, the lower end of earthenware and stainless steel stent sealing, in joining with the earthenware of bottom sealing bottom of stainless steel stent, and have a micropore in the earthenware bottom.The junction of support and earthenware is with an earthenware that is used to seal,
Described reference electrode adopts CO
2And O
2Mist is a reference gas.
Operation principle of the present invention: in this DCFC, use fused carbonate as electrolyte, CO
3 2-Diffusion therein realizes the conduction of electric charge.Use carbon nano-fiber or CNT (carbon nano-tube) as the anode of battery (or work electrode, research electrode) material, the oxidation reaction of carbon takes place
。Adopt newly for electrode, promptly adopt the identical air intake structure of similar reference electrode, but increase the square nickel sheet collected current that a length of side is 3cm in the bottom, air feeds from the gap between nickel plate electrode lead and the reaction tube.React
。Connect load between negative and positive the two poles of the earth and constitute the loop.Adopt gold electrode as reference electrode, constitute three-electrode system with above-mentioned two electrodes, each electrode is connected by lead and electrochemical workstation, uses electrochemical workstation that system is carried out electrochemical measurement.
Beneficial effect
Along with the in short supply day by day and global carbon dioxide greenhouse effect of petroleum resources, the efficiency cry benefit that improves energy processes is high.But at present coal-fired efficient very low (only 3%).Utilize coal not only can save the use amount of fossil fuel efficiently, can also reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce environmental pollution.The carbon fiber that the carbon consuming cell that this patent makes up can directly utilize hydrocarbon catalytic cracking to obtain is done anode, obtain than using higher polarizability and the open circuit voltage of other kind carbon source, (open circuit voltage that uses carbon nano-fiber or CNT (carbon nano-tube) to make the carbon consuming cell of anode is 0.84 volt, the polarizability of carbon nano-fiber anode is 9 times of graphite anode, and discharge performance is more superior.) electrical efficiency is up to 82%, the carbon dioxide of generation is collected easily.Therefore must have boundless market prospects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for being the carbon consuming cell structural representation of anode with the nano-carbon material.
Wherein: 1-is to electrode, and 2-studies electrode, 3-reference electrode.
Fig. 2 is the reference electrode structural representation.
Wherein: the 1-lead, 2-air inlet storehouse, the 3-storehouse of giving vent to anger, the 4-stainless steel tube,
The 5-earthenware, 6-earthenware, 7-gold electrode, 8-micropore
Fig. 3 is to the electrode structure schematic diagram.
Wherein: the 1-lead, 2-air inlet storehouse, the 3-storehouse of giving vent to anger, the 4-earthenware,
The 5-stainless steel tube, the 6-side opening, 7-nickel sheet, 8-portals the bottom
Embodiment
The Nano carbon fibers peacekeeping CNT (carbon nano-tube) that methane catalytic decomposition is made is filled in the alumina ceramic tube of Φ 6, with 200 purpose nickel screen back covers, adopts stainless steel tube to do the battery inwall, constitutes the research electrode.Electrode is adopted the double-cabin type air intake structure, is the square nickel sheet collected current of 3cm in that a length of side is arranged at the electrode bottom, and air feeds from the gap between nickel plate electrode lead and the reaction tube.Reference electrode adopts gold electrode (Au|2CO
2, 1O
2), the structure of employing double-cabin type, reference gas is CO
2And O
2Mist, ratio are 2: 1, outlet pressure 0.4MPa.Reactor is heated to 550 ℃ from 27 ℃ of room temperatures, 100 ℃/h of heating rate.Pressure to electrode place air inlet total amount is 0.188MPa, and flow is 434.4ml/min.Battery outlet port reaction residual gas flow is 30ml/min, and emptying is 87.5ml/min through the mixed gas flow of reference electrode.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is the carbon consuming cell of anode with the nano material, it is characterized in that with carbon nano-fiber or CNT (carbon nano-tube) being electrolyte as anode with the fused carbonate, and electrode and reference electrode are all adopted the double-cabin type air intake structure.
2. carbon consuming cell as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described carbon nano-fiber or CNT (carbon nano-tube) are made by methane catalytic decomposition.
3. carbon consuming cell as claimed in claim 2, the occupation mode that it is characterized in that described carbon nano-fiber or CNT (carbon nano-tube) be for being placed in the ceramic porous material and with the wire netting back cover, or it directly is dispersed in the electrolyte, or directly wrap up with wire netting.
4. carbon consuming cell as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described pottery is aluminium oxide or zirconia, and described wire netting is nickel screen or stainless (steel) wire.
5. carbon consuming cell as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described electrolyte is sodium carbonate, potash and lithium carbonate three or any both molten mixtures wherein.
6. carbon consuming cell as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described electrolyte is that mol ratio is 1: 1 the sodium carbonate and the molten mixture of potash, or mol ratio is 3: 2 lithium carbonate and potash molten mixture, or the mol ratio sodium carbonate that is at 1: 1: 1, potash and lithium carbonate three's molten mixture.
7. carbon consuming cell as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that described electrode being comprised a plain conductor and is fixed in the nickel sheet of lead tail end, the support that to be coated with a stainless steel tube in the outside of lead be material, the top and the first half at stainless steel tube are covered with a hollow steel cage respectively, the side of steel cage has an aperture and is vertically derived by a stainless steel tube, form the air inlet storehouse and the storehouse of giving vent to anger, first steel cage upper end sealing, lower end outside screw inboard by it and the stainless steel tube top is fixed, and all seal with healant in the steel cage top and bottom, stainless steel stent sidewall below second steel cage has an aperture, the support outside is with an earthenware, second steel cage upper end is fixed by screw thread with stainless steel tube and is sealed with industrial healant, the lower end perforate, the diameter in hole is identical with the earthenware of being close to its below, and it is connected sealing with earthenware, the lower end of earthenware and stainless steel stent sealing.
8. carbon consuming cell as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that described reference electrode adopts gold electrode, gold electrode is made up of a nickel rod and a gold small cake that is fixed in nickel rod tail end, it is in the support of material by stainless steel tube that this gold electrode is positioned over one, the top and the first half at stainless steel tube are covered with a hollow steel cage respectively, the side of two steel cages all has an aperture and is vertically derived by a stainless steel tube, form the air inlet storehouse and the storehouse of giving vent to anger, first steel cage upper end sealing, lower end outside screw inboard by it and the stainless steel tube top is fixed, and all seal with healant in the steel cage top and bottom, stainless steel stent sidewall below second steel cage has an aperture, the support outside is with an earthenware, second steel cage upper end is fixed by screw thread with stainless steel tube and is sealed with healant, the lower end perforate, the diameter in hole is identical with the earthenware of being close to its below, it is connected sealing with earthenware, the lower end of earthenware and stainless steel stent sealing, in joining with the earthenware of bottom sealing bottom of stainless steel stent, and have a micropore in the earthenware bottom.The junction of support and earthenware is with an earthenware that is used to seal.
9. carbon consuming cell as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that described reference electrode adopts CO
2And O
2Mist is a reference gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100154946A CN100426573C (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2006-08-30 | Carbon fuel battery using nano material as anode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100154946A CN100426573C (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2006-08-30 | Carbon fuel battery using nano material as anode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1929173A true CN1929173A (en) | 2007-03-14 |
| CN100426573C CN100426573C (en) | 2008-10-15 |
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ID=37859044
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100154946A Expired - Fee Related CN100426573C (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2006-08-30 | Carbon fuel battery using nano material as anode |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104659389A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-27 | 扬州雷鸥电业有限公司 | Direct solid carbon fuel cell stack |
| CN114361533A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Test method of carbon fuel cell system with three-electrode structure |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6878479B2 (en) * | 2001-06-13 | 2005-04-12 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Tilted fuel cell apparatus |
| US7438987B2 (en) * | 2003-05-15 | 2008-10-21 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Carbon fuel particles used in direct carbon conversion fuel cells |
| US7261804B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2007-08-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Graphitized-carbon fiber/carbon char fuel |
-
2006
- 2006-08-30 CN CNB2006100154946A patent/CN100426573C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104659389A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-27 | 扬州雷鸥电业有限公司 | Direct solid carbon fuel cell stack |
| CN104659389B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2017-10-27 | 扬州雷鸥电业有限公司 | Direct solid carbon fuel battery pile |
| CN114361533A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Test method of carbon fuel cell system with three-electrode structure |
| CN114361533B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2024-01-30 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Test method of carbon fuel cell system with three-electrode structure |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100426573C (en) | 2008-10-15 |
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Granted publication date: 20081015 Termination date: 20120830 |