CN1924964A - Display panel modular - Google Patents
Display panel modular Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1924964A CN1924964A CN 200610151303 CN200610151303A CN1924964A CN 1924964 A CN1924964 A CN 1924964A CN 200610151303 CN200610151303 CN 200610151303 CN 200610151303 A CN200610151303 A CN 200610151303A CN 1924964 A CN1924964 A CN 1924964A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- driving chip
- data driving
- group
- printed circuit
- flexible printed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
This invention relates to display panel module, wherein, first group data drive transistor is set on the first side of the panel by series type; the second one is set on first side of the panel; scan drive transistor is set on second side of display panel; first rolling print circuit board is set between print board and display panel to send signals to first data drive transistor and second data drive transistor and scan drive transistor.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of flat-panel screens, and particularly relevant for a kind of display module of flat-panel screens.
Background technology
The type of drive of display panel is two flexible circuit board (Tape CarrierPackage that individual packages had data-driven (data driver) wafer and turntable driving (scan driver) wafer traditionally; TCP), with the automatic juncture of coil type (Tape Automated Bonding; TAB) be connected with the data line and the sweep trace of display panel respectively, to drive a plurality of pixels of display panel.Along with the demand of display panel improves and the consideration of cost day by day, the technology direction that tended to omit the foregoing circuit plate develops at present, for example directly will drive wafer and be attached to glass substrate (Chip On Glass; COG) on.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates known display module 100.Data driving chip 112 and turntable driving wafer 114 are to use the COG technology directly to be attached on the glass substrate of display panel 110.Have time schedule controller 122, gamma electric voltage producer 124 and DC-DC converter 126 on the printed circuit board (PCB) 120.Wherein, time schedule controller 122 and gamma electric voltage producer 124 provide data-signal (as clock signal and gamma electric voltage) to data driving chip 112 respectively, and 126 of DC-DC converters are responsible for providing power supply signal (power signal) to data driving chip 112 and turntable driving wafer 114.
In this kind conventional architectures, each data driving chip 112 all is to receive clock signals from time schedule controller 122 one to one, all needs to use other flexible printed circuit (not illustrating) or other fastening means to be connected with time schedule controller 122 on the printed circuit board (PCB) 120.Therefore, printed circuit board (PCB) 120 glass substrates approximately necessary and display panel 110 are isometric, so that can corresponding be connected to whole data driving chip 112.In addition, turntable driving wafer 114 also needs to use flexible printed circuit to be connected with time schedule controller 122 and DC-DC converter 126 on the printed circuit board (PCB) 120.These flexible printed circuits can increase production cost, and reduce and make yields.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the present invention is providing a kind of display module with exactlying, in order to reducing production costs and Production Time, and improves the manufacturing yields.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this display module comprises printed circuit board (PCB), display panel, first group of data driving chip, second group of data driving chip, at least one turntable driving wafer and first flexible printed circuit.First group of data driving chip is to be arranged on the first side of display panel in the serial connection mode, and second group of data driving chip is to be arranged on the first side of display panel in the serial connection mode.The turntable driving wafer is to be arranged on the second side of display panel.First flexible printed circuit is to be arranged between printed circuit board (PCB) and the display panel, in order to send a signal to first group of data driving chip, the second group of data driving chip and turntable driving wafer respectively.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this display module comprises printed circuit board (PCB), display panel, first group of data driving chip, second group of data driving chip, at least one turntable driving wafer, first flexible printed circuit and second flexible printed circuit.First group of data driving chip is to be arranged on the first side of display panel in the serial connection mode, and second group of data driving chip is to be arranged on the first side of display panel in the serial connection mode.The turntable driving wafer is to be arranged on the second side of display panel.First flexible printed circuit is to be arranged between printed circuit board (PCB) and the display panel, in order to send a signal to wherein person one of at least of the first group of data driving chip and the second group of data driving chip.Second flexible printed circuit is to be arranged between printed circuit board (PCB) and the display panel, in order to send a signal to first group of data driving chip and turntable driving wafer respectively.
Description of drawings
For allowing above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention, feature, advantage and embodiment can become apparent appended graphic being described in detail as follows:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates known display module;
Fig. 2 A is the synoptic diagram that illustrates the display module of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 B is the synoptic diagram that illustrates the display module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates the display module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates the display module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention; And
Fig. 5 A～5D illustrates the synoptic diagram of unlike signal load mode in the preferred embodiment of Fig. 4 respectively.
[main element label declaration]
100: display module 110: display panel
112: data driving chip 114: the turntable driving wafer
120: printed circuit board (PCB) 122: time schedule controller
124: gamma electric voltage producer 126: DC-DC converter
200a, 200b: display module
210: display panel
212a: first group of data driving chip
212b: second group of data driving chip
214: turntable driving wafer 220: printed circuit board (PCB)
232: the first flexible printed circuits
234: the second flexible printed circuits
300: display module 310: display panel
312a: first group of data driving chip
312b: second group of data driving chip
314: turntable driving wafer 320: printed circuit board (PCB)
332: the first flexible printed circuits
342: the first signal transmission paths
344: the secondary signal transfer path
400: display module 410: display panel
412a: first group of data driving chip
412b: second group of data driving chip
414: turntable driving wafer 420: printed circuit board (PCB)
432,432a～432d: first flexible printed circuit
434,434a～434d: second flexible printed circuit
Embodiment
The present invention is to use a flexible printed circuit to send a signal to the data driving chip of turntable driving wafer and serial connection.More particularly, the data driving chip that is divided into two groups is disposed on the display panel in the serial connection mode separately, and transmit signal by same flexible printed circuit, so can reduce the area of printed circuit board (PCB) and the number of required flexible printed circuit.Moreover, except flexible printed circuit, also can part or all of signal be sent to the turntable driving wafer by the data driving chip of the serial connection of a group wherein, so improve the fiduciary level that signal transmits, or the flexible printed circuit of clipped further, to reduce production cost.
Fig. 2 A is the synoptic diagram that illustrates the display module of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.This display module 200a comprises display panel 210, printed circuit board (PCB) 220, first crowd of data driving chip 212a, second group of data driving chip 212b, at least one turntable driving wafer 214 and first flexible printed circuit 232.First crowd of data driving chip 212a is arranged on the first side of display panel 210 in serial connection (cascade) mode, and second crowd of data driving chip 212b is arranged on the first side of display panel 210 in the serial connection mode.Turntable driving wafer 214 is to be arranged on the second side of display panel 210.First flexible printed circuit 232 is to be arranged between printed circuit board (PCB) 220 and the display panel 210, in order to send a signal to first crowd of data driving chip 212a, the second crowd of data driving chip 212b and turntable driving wafer 214 respectively.
Usually have time schedule controller, gamma electric voltage producer and DC-DC converter on the printed circuit board (PCB) 220, wherein in order to produce data-signals such as clock signal and gamma electric voltage, DC-DC converter then is responsible for providing power supply signal respectively for time schedule controller and gamma electric voltage producer.This preferred embodiment is to use first flexible printed circuit 232 to transmit signals to the data driving chip 212a and the 212b of serial connection, and uses first flexible printed circuit 232 that signal is transmitted turntable driving wafer 214.So, the signal of printed circuit board (PCB) 220 can be sent to data driving chip 212a and 212b and turntable driving wafer 214 by same flexible printed circuit 232.
More particularly, first flexible printed circuit 232 is the centre positions that are arranged at the first side of about display panel 210, and the first crowd of data driving chip 212a and the second crowd of data driving chip 212b then lay respectively at the both sides of first flexible printed circuit 232.So, first flexible printed circuit 232 can be connected with its hithermost data driving chip 212a and 212b, and signal is sent to the data driving chip 212a and the 212b of all serial connections by the mode of serial connection.
According to above-mentioned, it is identical that the first crowd of data driving chip 212a and the wafer number of second crowd of data driving chip 212b preferably can be, but so two crowds of data driving chip 212a of balance and 212b because of the issuable signal delay problem of signal transmitting range.Yet, according to other embodiments of the invention, based on the consideration on the panel designs, allocation position of integral member etc. for example, the wafer number of first crowd of data driving chip 212a and second crowd of data driving chip 212b also may be for inequality.That is to say that the wafer number of these two groups of data driving chips is not scope restriction of the present invention, those skilled in the art are when selecting the suitable wafer number of designing institute voluntarily.
Fig. 2 B is the synoptic diagram that illustrates the display module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Except with the similar elements shown in Fig. 2 A, display module 200b in this preferred embodiment also comprises at least one second flexible printed circuit 234, be arranged between printed circuit board (PCB) 220 and the display panel 210, in order to transmit power supply signal to the first crowd data driving chip 212a and the second crowd of data driving chip 212b wherein at least one.That is to say that this second flexible printed circuit 234 is data driving chip 212a and the 212b that are responsible in position locating power supply signal is sent to serial connection, with the problem that prevents to descend because of the long voltage that causes in serial connection path.
According to this preferred embodiment, second flexible printed circuit 234 is ends that are positioned at printed circuit board (PCB) 220.And the signal that first flexible printed circuit 232 is transmitted comprises data-signal and power supply signal.Therefore, each group data driving chip 212a and 212b all can obtain the supply of power supply signal at its two ends, can prevent from only to be produced by single-ended power supply signal the problem that far-end voltage descends.In addition, shown in Fig. 2 B, except above-mentioned signal, first flexible printed circuit 232 also can be sent to display panel 210 with VCOM signal or other signals.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, turntable driving wafer 214 also can use grid (Gate On Array on matrix; GOA) mode directly is formed on the display panel 210.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates the display module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.This display module 300 comprises display panel 310, printed circuit board (PCB) 320, first crowd of data driving chip 312a, second group of data driving chip 312b, at least one turntable driving wafer 314 and first flexible printed circuit 332.First crowd of data driving chip 312a and second crowd of data driving chip 312b are arranged on the first side of display panel 310 in the serial connection mode respectively.Turntable driving wafer 314 is to be arranged on the second side of display panel 310.
First flexible printed circuit 332 is to be arranged between printed circuit board (PCB) 320 and the display panel 310, in order to send a signal to first crowd of data driving chip 312a, the second crowd of data driving chip 312b and turntable driving wafer 310 respectively.Printed circuit board (PCB) 320 that it should be noted that this preferred embodiment can pass through first flexible printed circuit 332 and first crowd of data driving chip 312a, transmits signals to turntable driving wafer 314.
More particularly, this preferred embodiment can provide two signal transmission paths to send a signal to turntable driving wafer 314 by printed circuit board (PCB) 320, wherein first signal transmission path 342 is for directly transmitting signal via first flexible printed circuit 332 merely, and secondary signal transfer path 342 then merging transmits signal via the serial connection of the internal wiring of first flexible printed circuit 332 and first crowd of data driving chip 312a.
Be noted that this two signal transmission path 342 and 344 can simultaneously or be used for transmitting signal with selecting one of them.That is, can use first signal transmission path 342 separately, perhaps use secondary signal transfer path 344 separately, perhaps use first signal transmission path 342 and secondary signal transfer path 344 that signal is sent to turntable driving wafer 314 from printed circuit board (PCB) 320 simultaneously.
Moreover two signal transmission paths 342 and 344 can transmit identical signal together, or are responsible for respectively transmitting different signals, or wherein one only in order to the more important signal of translator unit.In view of the above, those skilled in the art can utilize these two signal transmission paths 342 and 344 to improve the fiduciary level that signal transmits effectively, improve the problem that signal in the past may consume or make mistakes in transfer path.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates the display module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.This display module 400 comprises printed circuit board (PCB) 420, display panel 410, first crowd of data driving chip 412a, second group of data driving chip 412b, at least one turntable driving wafer 414, first flexible printed circuit 432 and second flexible printed circuit 434.First crowd of data driving chip 412a is arranged on the first side of display panel 410 in the serial connection mode, and second crowd of data driving chip 412b is arranged on the first side of display panel 410 in the serial connection mode.Turntable driving wafer 414 is to be arranged on the second side of display panel 410.
First flexible printed circuit 432 is to be arranged between printed circuit board (PCB) 420 and the display panel 410, in order to send a signal to wherein person one of at least of the first crowd of data driving chip 412a and the second crowd of data driving chip 412b.That is first flexible printed circuit 432 can send a signal to first crowd of data driving chip 412a or second crowd of data driving chip 412b separately, or sends a signal to first crowd of data driving chip 412a and second crowd of data driving chip 412b.Second flexible printed circuit 434 is to be arranged between printed circuit board (PCB) 420 and the display panel 410, in order to send a signal to first crowd of data driving chip 412a and turntable driving wafer 414 respectively.
Usually have time schedule controller, gamma electric voltage producer and DC-DC converter on the printed circuit board (PCB) 220, wherein in order to produce data-signals such as clock signal and gamma electric voltage, DC-DC converter then is responsible for providing power supply signal respectively for time schedule controller and gamma electric voltage producer.In this preferred embodiment, first flexible printed circuit 432 is the centre positions that are arranged at the first side of about display panel 410, and the first crowd of data driving chip 412a and the second crowd of data driving chip 412b then lay respectively at the both sides of first flexible printed circuit 432.So, first flexible printed circuit 432 can be connected with its hithermost data driving chip 412a and 412b, and signal is sent to the data driving chip 412a and the 412b of all serial connections by the mode of serial connection.
According to above-mentioned, it is identical that the first crowd of data driving chip 412a and the wafer number of second crowd of data driving chip 412b preferably can be, but so two crowds of data driving chip 412a of balance and 412b because of the issuable signal delay problem of signal transmitting range.Yet, according to other embodiments of the invention, based on the consideration on the panel designs, allocation position of integral member etc. for example, the wafer number of first crowd of data driving chip 412a and second crowd of data driving chip 412b also may be for inequality.That is to say that the wafer number of these two groups of data driving chips is not scope restriction of the present invention, those skilled in the art are when selecting the suitable wafer number of designing institute voluntarily.
Fig. 5 A～5D illustrates the synoptic diagram of unlike signal load mode in the above-mentioned preferred embodiment respectively.Shown in Fig. 5 A, the first flexible printed circuit 432a is in order to transmit power supply signal (P) to first crowd of data driving chip 412a and second crowd of data driving chip 412b.The second flexible printed circuit 434a is in order to transmitting control signal (S) and gamma electric voltage (G) to first crowd of data driving chip 412a, and via first crowd of data driving chip 412a control signal (S) and gamma electric voltage (G) is sent to second crowd of data driving chip 412b.
Shown in Fig. 5 B, the first flexible printed circuit 432b is in order to transmit power supply signal (P) and gamma electric voltage (G) to first crowd of data driving chip 412a and second crowd of data driving chip 412b.The second flexible printed circuit 434b is in order to transmitting control signal (S) to first crowd of data driving chip 412a, and via first crowd of data driving chip 412a control signal (S) is sent to second crowd of data driving chip 412b.
Shown in Fig. 5 C, the first flexible printed circuit 432c is in order to transmit power supply signal (P) and gamma electric voltage (G) to second crowd of data driving chip 412b.The second flexible printed circuit 434c is in order to transmitting control signal (S), power supply signal (P) and gamma electric voltage (G) to first crowd of data driving chip 412a, and via first crowd of data driving chip 412a control signal (S) is sent to second crowd of data driving chip 412b.
Shown in Fig. 5 D, the first flexible printed circuit 432d is in order to transmitting power supply signal (P) to first crowd of data driving chip 412a, and transmits power supply signal (P) and gamma electric voltage (G) to second crowd of data driving chip 412b.The second flexible printed circuit 434d is in order to transmitting control signal (S) and gamma electric voltage (G) to first crowd of data driving chip 412a, and via first crowd of data driving chip 412a control signal (S) is sent to second crowd of data driving chip 412b.
Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; right its is not in order to limit the present invention; any those skilled in the art; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when can being used for a variety of modifications and variations, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion when looking appended the claim scope person of defining.
Claims (19)
1. display module comprises:
Printed circuit board (PCB);
Display panel;
First group of data driving chip is arranged in the serial connection mode on the first side of this display panel;
Second group of data driving chip is arranged in the serial connection mode on this first side of this display panel;
At least one turntable driving wafer is arranged on the second side of this display panel; And
First flexible printed circuit is arranged between this printed circuit board (PCB) and this display panel, in order to send a signal to these first group of data driving chip, these second group of data driving chip and this turntable driving wafer respectively.
2. display module according to claim 1, wherein this first flexible printed circuit is the centre that is arranged at this first side.
3. display module according to claim 1, wherein these first group of data driving chip is identical with the wafer number of these second group of data driving chip.
4. display module according to claim 1, wherein the wafer number of these first group of data driving chip and these second group of data driving chip is inequality.
5. display module according to claim 1, also comprise at least one second flexible printed circuit, be arranged between this printed circuit board (PCB) and this display panel, in order to transmit power supply signal to these first group of data driving chip and this second group of data driving chip wherein at least one.
6. display module according to claim 4, wherein this second flexible printed circuit is an end that is positioned at this printed circuit board (PCB).
7. display module according to claim 1, wherein this signal comprises data-signal and power supply signal.
8. display module according to claim 1, wherein this printed circuit board (PCB) transmits signals to this turntable driving wafer by this first flexible printed circuit and first group of data driving chip.
9. display module according to claim 1, wherein this printed circuit board (PCB) transmits signals to this turntable driving wafer by this first flexible printed circuit.
10. display module according to claim 1, wherein this turntable driving wafer is to be formed on this display panel in the mode on the matrix with grid.
11. a display module comprises:
Printed circuit board (PCB);
Display panel;
First group of data driving chip is arranged in the serial connection mode on the first side of this display panel;
Second group of data driving chip is arranged in the serial connection mode on this first side of this display panel;
At least one turntable driving wafer is arranged on the second side of this display panel;
First flexible printed circuit is arranged between this printed circuit board (PCB) and this display panel, in order to send a signal to wherein person one of at least of these first group of data driving chip and this second group of data driving chip; And
Second flexible printed circuit is arranged between this printed circuit board (PCB) and this display panel, in order to send a signal to these first group of data driving chip and this turntable driving wafer respectively.
12. display module according to claim 11, wherein this first flexible printed circuit is the centre that is arranged at this first side.
13. display module according to claim 11, wherein these first group of data driving chip is identical with the wafer number of these second group of data driving chip.
14. display module according to claim 11, wherein the wafer number of these first group of data driving chip and these second group of data driving chip is inequality.
15. display module according to claim 11, wherein this first flexible printed circuit is in order to transmit power supply signal to these first group of data driving chip and this second group of data driving chip; And
This second flexible printed circuit is in order to transmitting control signal and gamma electric voltage to these first group of data driving chip, and via these first group of data driving chip control signal and gamma electric voltage is sent to this second group of data driving chip.
16. display module according to claim 11, wherein this first flexible printed circuit is in order to transmit power supply signal and gamma electric voltage to these first group of data driving chip and this second group of data driving chip; And
This second flexible printed circuit controls signal to this first group of data driving chip in order to transmission, and via these first group of data driving chip control signal is sent to this second group of data driving chip.
17. display module according to claim 11, wherein this first flexible printed circuit is in order to transmit power supply signal and gamma electric voltage to these second group of data driving chip; And
This second flexible printed circuit is in order to transmitting control signal, power supply signal and gamma electric voltage to these first group of data driving chip, and via these first group of data driving chip control signal is sent to this second group of data driving chip.
18. display module according to claim 11, wherein this first flexible printed circuit is in order to transmitting power supply signal to these first group of data driving chip, and transmits power supply signal and gamma electric voltage to these second group of data driving chip; And
This second flexible printed circuit is in order to transmitting control signal and gamma electric voltage to these first group of data driving chip, and via these first group of data driving chip control signal is sent to this second group of data driving chip.
19. display module according to claim 11, wherein this turntable driving wafer is to be formed on this display panel in the mode on the matrix with grid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610151303 CN1924964A (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2006-09-05 | Display panel modular |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610151303 CN1924964A (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2006-09-05 | Display panel modular |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1924964A true CN1924964A (en) | 2007-03-07 |
Family
ID=37817579
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610151303 Pending CN1924964A (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2006-09-05 | Display panel modular |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1924964A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102394043A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-03-28 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Integrated source electrode driving system |
| CN111627382A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-04 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Spliced display screen and display device |
-
2006
- 2006-09-05 CN CN 200610151303 patent/CN1924964A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102394043A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-03-28 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Integrated source electrode driving system |
| US9082364B2 (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2015-07-14 | Au Optronics Corp. | Integrated source driving system |
| CN111627382A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-04 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Spliced display screen and display device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107393415B (en) | Display panel and display device | |
| CN108831371B (en) | Display panel | |
| WO2019000634A1 (en) | Driving circuit of display panel, driving method for driving circuit and display device | |
| CN112992879B (en) | Array substrate, backlight module and display panel | |
| US8144139B2 (en) | Display panel module | |
| CN1655037A (en) | Dual type flat panel display device | |
| US10199362B1 (en) | MicroLED display panel | |
| CN109906404B (en) | Backlight device and display device provided with same | |
| CN1652190A (en) | Driving circuit of liquid crystal display | |
| CN1700281A (en) | Switching control circuit for data driver of display device and method thereof | |
| CN1909033A (en) | Display panel module | |
| US20230040448A1 (en) | Display substrate and display apparatus | |
| CN1924964A (en) | Display panel modular | |
| US20170076664A1 (en) | Gate driver ic, chip-on-film substrate, and display apparatus | |
| CN101388372A (en) | Sector circuit construction, display panel and display device applying the same | |
| US7714827B2 (en) | Integrated circuit for scan driving | |
| KR20210012856A (en) | Transparent light emitting device | |
| US20220172674A1 (en) | Display module, display apparatus and method for manufacturing the same | |
| CN116416923A (en) | Display apparatus | |
| CN1838209A (en) | Display panel module | |
| US8319931B2 (en) | Structure of gate driver | |
| CN114373421B (en) | Display panel and display device | |
| CN1783204A (en) | Display panel | |
| WO2021208145A1 (en) | Array substrate and display panel | |
| KR100739292B1 (en) | Organic light emitting display device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Open date: 20070307 |