CN1923433A - High-performance buried arc welding wire and wire rod, and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents
High-performance buried arc welding wire and wire rod, and method for manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1923433A CN1923433A CN 200510029245 CN200510029245A CN1923433A CN 1923433 A CN1923433 A CN 1923433A CN 200510029245 CN200510029245 CN 200510029245 CN 200510029245 A CN200510029245 A CN 200510029245A CN 1923433 A CN1923433 A CN 1923433A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- welding wire
- wire
- steel
- wire rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-property embed welding wire and wire rod. Wherein, it comprises C 0.06-0.13%, Mn 1.3-1.7%, Si 0.1-0.5%, Mo 0.3-0.6%, Ti 0.010-0.15%, B 0.001-0.009%, and the left is foreign matter and Fe. The tensile strength, yield strength and flexibility of fusion metal can reach 580-680MPa; and it can match alkali sinter welding solder SJ101, to be used in embed arc welding at high-strength steel at 580-680MPa, and used in 20-80kJ/cm large linear energy welding, without preheating or with low-temperature preheating. The invention can meet the demands of single layer, multilayer welding. And the welding wire avoids Cr and Ni, with low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of welding material, the particularly high strength steel welding manufacturing of welding wire for submerged-arc welding.
Background technology
Submerged-arc welding occupies critical role as a kind of efficient welding method in the welding of steel plate.Raise the efficiency in order to adapt to different industries, actual demand such as reduce rolled steel dosage, economize on resources and reduce cost, the high-strength high-performance steel of excellent weldability are attempted to develop by present many steel mills.New steel grade adopt the prerequisite of submerged-arc welding method provide can be supporting welding wire and solder flux.
In recent years, many welding wire for submerged-arc welding have been developed both at home and abroad, as patents such as Chinese patent application number 92105621.4,97104393.0,00123007.7.But all there are the following problems for these welding wires: owing to adopt intensity and the toughness that adds nickel element or rare earth element raising weld metal, cause the welding wire cost higher more, add rare earth and also make welding wire wire rod steel smelting difficult.Silicone content in these welding wires is also controlled below 0.15%.
Although existing submerged-arc welding wire illustrates that it can adapt to the large-line energy welding, as number of patent application 97104393.0, the maximum weld heat input of its adaptation is 44Kj/cm.Application number is 00114334.4 patent, and the max line energy of its adaptation is 35Kj/cm.At present, the weld heat input of many slabs requires to surpass 50～100Kj/cm.Obviously, these welding wires can not satisfy the big weld heat input requirement greater than 50Kj/cm.
Existing welding wire can not adapt to high strength steel mother metal composition design variation trend.In order to guarantee that steel have good weldability, one of major measure is exactly to reduce the carbon equivalent of steel and the carbon content of crackle sensitivity coefficient, especially base metals obviously reduces.For example, the 610MPa level 12MnNiVR that designs and develops of the nineties in 20th century (Japan is SPV490Q) high strength steel quenched and tempered steel, its carbon content is 0.10%～0.15%, the steel carbon content of the same performance that designed in recent years and produced then reduces to 0.05%～0.09%, and the alloying element total amount does not almost increase, and also reduces to some extent on the contrary.Like this, existing welding wire still adopts than the low carbon content design, and the gained weld metal will reduce the problem that causes the weld metal undercapacity because of the carbon and the alloying element of transition from mother metal.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of welding wire for submerged-arc welding and wire rod, to solve the supporting welding material problem of 580～680MPa high-strength hardened and tempered steel submerged-arc welding.This welding wire cooperates alkalescent sintered flux SJ101, can the welding petroleum storage tank with large-line energy weldable steels such as 12MnNiVR; Also can solve welding wire for submerged-arc welding wire rod drawing problem.
For this reason, the present invention is directed to the deficiency of above-mentioned existing welding wire, adopted the carbon content of suitable raising welding wire, come proof strength and promote ferrite to form, increase Ti content, promote more spininess columnar ferrite formation in the weld metal with the Ti-B synergy with Mo.This welding wire is suitable for welding the wideer weld heat input requirement of different-thickness high-strength steel sheet, and the tensile strength of weld metal reaches 580～680MPa ,-40 ℃ of impact flexibility A
KV〉=80J.
Welding wire for submerged-arc welding of the present invention and wire rod, its chemical composition mass percent is: C 0.06～0.13, and Mn 1.30～1.70, Si 0.10～0.50, and Mo 0.30～0.60, and Ti 0.010～0.15, B 0.001～0.009, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity such as S, P etc.
Select 680～800 ℃ of heating for use, be incubated 2～10h annealing heat treatment process, can obviously reduce the tensile strength of this welding wire wire rod steel, make welding wire be easy to the tube reducing drawing, prevent fracture of wire.
(1) alloy system design
The present invention adopts the C-Mn-Mo alloy system, adds elements such as Ti, B in right amount, and strict S, the P content controlled.
Carbon (C), the higher C content design of this welding wire is a large amount of scaling loss that remedy C in the submerged arc welding process on the one hand, and the C in deposited metal or the weld metal is kept in the reasonable scope.As to adopt carbon content be 0.06～0.13% welding wire, cooperates the SJ101 solder flux, and the carbon content in submerged-arc welding gained deposited metal is 0.03～0.09%.On the other hand, under the lower situation of mother metal carbon content, it is on the low side to remedy the weld metal carbon content that causes because of base metals carbon is on the low side.At present, adopt low-carbon microalloyed principle during the design of many quenched and tempered steel compositions, utilize the quenching technical of big cooling capacity to guarantee the intensity of steel.As the 12MnNiVR steel among the GB18198-2003, carbon content is≤0.15%.And the carbon content of the identical performance steel plate of reality exploitation at present all≤0.10%, and the carbon content of the steel plate that has only is 0.06%.Like this, after significantly reducing at the mother metal carbon content, in order to guarantee weld strength, the present invention improves carbon content in the welding wire in right amount.
In the designed C content range of the present invention, after normal weld period scaling loss, make that the carbon content of gained is reduced to the intensity that is enough to guarantee deposited metal or weld metal in the deposited metal, and prevent that cold crack and fire check in the weld seam from producing.
Manganese (Mn) adds an amount of Mn, guarantees that the deoxidation and the desulfurization in the molten bath of welding process fully carried out, and remaining manganese can improve and guarantee the intensity that weld metal is enough in the weld seam, and improves weld metal heat resistanceheat resistant crackle ability.
Reasonably C, Mn content and combination thereof will help guaranteeing that weld metal has higher-strength, also make weld metal have good heat resistanceheat resistant crackle and cold crack ability.
An amount of silicon in the welding wire cooperates with manganese, helps the removal of slag inclusion thing in molten bath deoxidation and the molten bath.Among the present invention 0.1%～0.5%, do not demonstrate the adverse effect of butt welded seam plastic deformation and toughness.And can utilize its solution strengthening effect to improve weld strength.
Molybdenum (Mo) adds an amount of Mo, can guarantee the intensity of weld metal on the one hand, on the other hand, also can promote acicular ferrite to form, and improves the toughness of weld metal.
Ti and B add an amount of Ti, help refinement weld metal crystal grain, help adopting bigger weld heat input.Adopt Ti, B to unite the beneficial effect that acicular ferrite is formed among the present invention, make the easier formation acicular ferrite of weld metal, thereby guarantee the plasticity and the toughness of weld metal, also make this welding wire have wideer weld heat input accommodation.
(2) supporting solder flux is selected for use
When this welding wire is smelted, adopt technologies such as desulfurization, dephosphorization, control S, P content in the wire rod steel to greatest extent, lay a good foundation for guaranteeing deposited metal plasticity and toughness.Select high-basicity sintered flux for use, will prevent from exactly to cause sulphur, phosphorus content in the weld metal excessively to raise by solder flux.
Cooperate high-basicity sintered flux, as sintered flux SJ101, obtain the deposited metal in the mentioned component scope, its tensile strength is at 580～680MPa, and plasticity is good, the low-temperature impact toughness height.
(3) wire rod annealing heat treatment
During welding wire is produced, generally to be drawn into 2.4～4mm welding wire from Φ 5.5 or the 6.5mm wire rod that becomes by billet rolling.Wire rod steel intensity is high more, and tube reducing is difficult more in the drawing process.The present invention is higher because of the welding wire carbon content, and the tensile strength of smelting rolling back wire rod adopts difficulty of general drawing welding wire machine wire drawing between 800～1100MPa.Select 680～800 ℃ of 2～10h annealing process for use, can obviously reduce the tensile strength of wire rod, make welding wire be easy to the tube reducing drawing, prevent fracture of wire, enhance productivity.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. the tensile strength of deposited metal, yield strength, plasticity, toughness can reach and satisfied 590～680MPa grade high-strength steel welded joint performance requirement.
2. the coupling solder flux is selected for use easily, the alkalescent sintered flux SJ101 supporting with it, and the market supply is many, selects easily; Welding wire of being invented and SJ101 coupling can be used for the submerged-arc welding of tensile strength rank at the high strength steel of 580～680MPa.
3. welding wire of the present invention is suitable for big weld heat input, can not preheating or low-temperature prewarming before the weldering, and kinds of processes requirements such as suitable individual layer, multilayer, single or double, downhand welding and horizontal position welding.
4. welding wire cost of the present invention is lower, does not contain elements such as Cr, Ni, rare earth in the alloy system of this welding wire, and cost is relatively low; Wire rod steel after suitably annealing, drawing welding wire is easy.
The specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention see table 1.
Table 1 unit: mass percent
| Embodiment | C | Si | Mn | Mo | Ti | B | P | S | Fe |
| 1 | 0.06 | 0.35 | 1.70 | 0.45 | 0.098 | 0.001 | 0.009 | 0.006 | Surplus |
| 2 | 0.076 | 0.45 | 1.57 | 0.44 | 0.093 | 0.006 | 0.016 | 0.005 | Surplus |
| 3 | 0.09 | 0.40 | 1.35 | 0.41 | 0.120 | 0.006 | 0.011 | 0.004 | Surplus |
| 4 | 0.12 | 0.32 | 1.60 | 0.32 | 0.110 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.004 | Surplus |
| 5 | 0.13 | 0.41 | 1.55 | 0.31 | 0.092 | 0.009 | 0.012 | 0.004 | Surplus |
| 6 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 1.30 | 0.60 | 0.11 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.004 | Surplus |
| 7 | 0.12 | 0.50 | 1.65 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.004 | Surplus |
| 8 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 1.58 | 0.46 | 0.010 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 0.004 | Surplus |
Cooperate the SJ101 solder flux with the foregoing description welding wire, the deposited metal mechanical property that obtains sees Table 2.The plasticity of deposited metal is good, the low-temperature flexibility height.
Table 2
| Embodiment | Tensile strength MPa | Yield strength MPa | Percentage elongation % | The contraction percentage of area, % | Impact flexibility A KV，J | ||
| 0℃ | -20℃ | -40℃ | |||||
| 1 | 590 | 475 | 31 | 68 | 201 | 159 | 126 |
| 2 | 615 | 480 | 30 | 71.5 | 159 | 128 | 103 |
| 3 | 630 | 495 | 33 | 65 | 171 | 141 | 121 |
| 4 | 650 | 515 | 28 | 68 | 168 | 125 | 109 |
| 5 | 680 | 505 | 24 | 64 | 167 | 113 | 99 |
| 6 | 655 | 500 | 27 | 69 | 175 | 128 | 119 |
| 7 | 640 | 510 | 29 | 66 | 178 | 119 | 107 |
| 8 | 675 | 520 | 26 | 62 | 166 | 112 | 102 |
Cooperate SJ101 solder flux welding 15mmB610E (a kind of 610MPa grade high-strength quenched and tempered steel of Baosteel exploitation, trade mark 08MnNiVR) with embodiment 2 welding wires, the main chemical compositions of this steel plate is C0.074%, Si0.23%, Mn1.41%, Ni0.22%, Mo0.12%.45 ° of double V-grooves, not preheating before the weldering, interlayer temperature is 626MPa, 631MPa, 621MPa, 613MPa less than the intensity of 150 ℃ of welding points, satisfies the mother metal performance requirement.This weld metal series of temperatures impact absorbing energy sees Table 3.Hence one can see that, and weld metal has higher low-temperature flexibility.
Table 3
| The position | 20℃ | 0℃ | -20℃ | -40℃ | -60℃ | -80℃ |
| Test value | 216，241 | 199，180，222 | 216，174， 139 | 105，142， 108 | 78，60，82 | 32，62，48 |
| Mean value | 228.5 | 200.3 | 176.3 | 118.3 | 73.3 | 47.3 |
With embodiment 5 welding wires, adopt different weld heat input welding 27mmB610E.The main chemical compositions of this steel plate is C0.083%, Si0.22%, Mn1.49%, Ni0.25%, Mo0.16%.Used weld heat input is respectively 20kJ/cm, 60kJ/cm and 80kJ/cm.60 ° of double V-grooves, not preheating before the weldering, interlayer temperature is less than 150 ℃.The gained joint performance sees Table 4.From table 4, can illustrate, utilize the welding wire of higher carbon content, adopt different weld heat inputs after, the intensity of weld metal meets the demands, the low-temperature flexibility of weld metal is good.The tensile strength of weld metal and low-temperature flexibility increase with weld heat input and descend slowly.Table 4 presentation of results welding wire of the present invention is fit to the more weld heat input of wide region.
Table 4
| Weld heat input kJ/cm | Joint tensile strength MPa | Impact flexibility A kv，J | |
| -20℃ | -40℃ | ||
| 20 | 655，645 | 195，147，152(164.7) | 148，135，96(126.3) |
| 60 | 630，640 | 186，186，156(176) | 144，189，146(159.7) |
| 80 | 595，610 | 122，192，132(115.3) | 171，143，144(152.7) |
Welding wire for submerged-arc welding of the present invention cooperates sintering alkalescence SJ101 solder flux, can be under preheating condition not, weld the high-strength hardened and tempered steel, TMCP steel of 580～680MPa strength range etc. with different weld heat inputs.Be particularly suitable for welding the modified pressure vessel steels of high strength such as 12MnNiVR, 08MnNiVR, 07MnCrMoVR.
Main application fields of the present invention comprises: pressure vessel, engineering machinery, hydraulic power pressure steel pipe, boats and ships, bridge etc.Because quenched and tempered steel, the TMCP steel of 580～680MPa strength range are the sheet material steel grades of China and external focus development and popularization, this steel grade is applied in fields such as pressure vessel, engineering machinery, water power, be that China builds and fast-developing industry and field energetically, this invention has a extensive future.
Claims (2)
1. high-performance buried arc welding wire and wire rod, its composition quality percentage,
C 0.06～0.13
Mn 1.30～1.70
Si 0.10～0.50
Mo 0.30～0.60
Ti 0.010～0.150
B 0.001～0.009
All the other are iron and inevitable impurity.
2. the manufacture method of high-performance buried arc welding wire as claimed in claim 1 and wire rod, its welding wire wire rod that comprises the steps: mentioned component is before drawing or in the drawing process, annealing heat treatment process is: heat in 680～800 ℃ of heating furnaces, insulation 2～10h cools off with stove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100292458A CN1923433B (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2005-08-31 | High-performance buried arc welding wire and wire rod, and method for manufacturing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100292458A CN1923433B (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2005-08-31 | High-performance buried arc welding wire and wire rod, and method for manufacturing same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1923433A true CN1923433A (en) | 2007-03-07 |
| CN1923433B CN1923433B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
Family
ID=37816351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100292458A Active CN1923433B (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2005-08-31 | High-performance buried arc welding wire and wire rod, and method for manufacturing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1923433B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101543838B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-10-27 | 首钢总公司 | Method for manufacturing steel wire rod for pipe line steel submerged arc welding wire |
| CN102528318A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-07-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Gas shield welding wire for nuclear power |
| CN103084754A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-05-08 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-strength high-tenacity submerged-arc welding wire for pipeline steels |
| CN103276189A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Making method of low-tensile-strength weld wire steel |
| CN105562961A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-11 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Preparation method for H08MnA no-twist controlled-cooling hot-rolled wire rod for submerged-arc welding wire |
| CN108747084A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-06 | 四川西冶新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of welding wire for submerged-arc welding and preparation method thereof |
| CN109454360A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-03-12 | 昆山中冶宝钢焊接材料有限公司 | A kind of SAW consumable material for double wire welding |
| CN110788457A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-14 | 四川西冶新材料股份有限公司 | Submerged arc welding wire and deposited metal thereof |
| CN116252067A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-06-13 | 燕山大学 | 500MPa multi-wire submerged arc welding wire rod capable of being welded at 50-150 kjcm in heat input mode and welding wire |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3672746B2 (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2005-07-20 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Solid wire for gas shielded arc welding |
| CN1093025C (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2002-10-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-toughness anticorrosion welding wire for submerged are welding of steel pipeline |
| CN1300656A (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-06-27 | 王学芳 | Gas-shielded solid welding wire without copper plating and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN1176780C (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2004-11-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Welding wire for hidden arc welding of high-strength line-pipe steel |
| JP3847687B2 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2006-11-22 | 日鐵住金溶接工業株式会社 | Gas shielded arc welding wire and welding method thereof |
| CN1239292C (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2006-02-01 | 钢铁研究总院 | Super-low carbon high-intensity gas protection welding stick material |
-
2005
- 2005-08-31 CN CN2005100292458A patent/CN1923433B/en active Active
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101543838B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-10-27 | 首钢总公司 | Method for manufacturing steel wire rod for pipe line steel submerged arc welding wire |
| CN102528318A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-07-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Gas shield welding wire for nuclear power |
| CN103084754A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-05-08 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-strength high-tenacity submerged-arc welding wire for pipeline steels |
| CN103276189A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Making method of low-tensile-strength weld wire steel |
| CN103276189B (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2017-02-22 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Making method of low-tensile-strength weld wire steel |
| CN105562961A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-11 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Preparation method for H08MnA no-twist controlled-cooling hot-rolled wire rod for submerged-arc welding wire |
| CN108747084A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-06 | 四川西冶新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of welding wire for submerged-arc welding and preparation method thereof |
| CN109454360A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-03-12 | 昆山中冶宝钢焊接材料有限公司 | A kind of SAW consumable material for double wire welding |
| CN110788457A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-14 | 四川西冶新材料股份有限公司 | Submerged arc welding wire and deposited metal thereof |
| CN116252067A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-06-13 | 燕山大学 | 500MPa multi-wire submerged arc welding wire rod capable of being welded at 50-150 kjcm in heat input mode and welding wire |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1923433B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1923433B (en) | High-performance buried arc welding wire and wire rod, and method for manufacturing same | |
| CN100507055C (en) | Yield strength 700MPa grade atmospheric corrosion resistant steel and method for manufacturing same | |
| CN101845596B (en) | Wide thick plate for X80 pipe line steel and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN103352167B (en) | A kind of low yield strength ratio high strength bridge steel plate and manufacture method thereof | |
| CN100398684C (en) | Superhigh strength X100 pipeline steel and its hot rolled plate making process | |
| CN100441364C (en) | High ductility buried arc welding wire for low-alloy super-strength steel | |
| CN101407892B (en) | Ultra-low carbon hot rolling weathering steel with yield strength larger than 550MPa | |
| CN101537549B (en) | High-strength and high-toughness automatic submerged arc welding wire with weathering resistance | |
| CN102021497A (en) | Hot-rolled sheet coils of X80 pipe line steel and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN101397626A (en) | High intensity and high-toughness hot-rolled steel sheet and method for producing the same | |
| CN102560284B (en) | High-strength high-toughness X100 pipeline steel hot-rolled steel strip and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN100516275C (en) | High intensity, corrosion resistant and high ductility steel for mooring chain and production process thereof | |
| CN102658440B (en) | High corrosion resistant type weather-resistant submerged arc welding wire and wire rod for railway vehicles | |
| CN101928885A (en) | Hydrothion corrosion resistant pipe steel and production method thereof | |
| CN102400054A (en) | X80 pipeline steel used for longitudinal resistance welded pipe and method for producing its hot rolled coil | |
| CN113913695B (en) | Corrosion-resistant and fatigue-resistant pipeline steel for underwater oil and gas production and production method thereof | |
| CN101153371A (en) | High-strength cold-formed hot continuous rolled steel plate and method of preparing the same | |
| CN108411196A (en) | Tensile strength is 680MPa grades of large-scale mobile steelss for pressure vessel use and production method | |
| CN107974621B (en) | A kind of economical straight-line joint submerged arc welding tube X80 Pipeline Steel Plate and production method | |
| CN107974622B (en) | A kind of straight-line joint submerged arc welding tube X80 Pipeline Steel Plate and the production method of thickness >=26.4mm | |
| CN1715434A (en) | Method for producing high strength high toughness x80 pipeline steel and its hot-rolled plate | |
| CN102756219A (en) | Welding wire and wire rod as well as application thereof | |
| CN101235468A (en) | Atmospheric corrosion resisting steel with yield strength more than 400MPa | |
| CN1811002A (en) | X65 pipeline steel for use in acid condition and its making process | |
| CN101050504A (en) | Soldering not quenching and tempering steel plate in high intensity by large line energy, and manufacturing method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |