CN1918259A - Coated abrasives - Google Patents

Coated abrasives Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1918259A
CN1918259A CNA2005800047280A CN200580004728A CN1918259A CN 1918259 A CN1918259 A CN 1918259A CN A2005800047280 A CNA2005800047280 A CN A2005800047280A CN 200580004728 A CN200580004728 A CN 200580004728A CN 1918259 A CN1918259 A CN 1918259A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
coating
diamond
super hard
nitride
abrasive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA2005800047280A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN100564475C (en
Inventor
D·P·伊根
J·A·安吉尔斯
M·L·菲什
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Element Six Ltd
Original Assignee
Element Six Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Element Six Ltd filed Critical Element Six Ltd
Publication of CN1918259A publication Critical patent/CN1918259A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN100564475C publication Critical patent/CN100564475C/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
    • C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
    • C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/08—Equipment for after-treatment of the coated backings, e.g. for flexing the coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0018—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for by electrolytic deposition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/25—Diamond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/4584—Coating or impregnating of particulate or fibrous ceramic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
    • C09K3/1445—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles the coating consisting exclusively of metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/205—Cubic boron nitride
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2991—Coated
    • Y10T428/2993—Silicic or refractory material containing [e.g., tungsten oxide, glass, cement, etc.]

Abstract

A coated super-hard abrasive comprises a core of super-hard abrasive material, which is typically diamond or cBN based, an inner layer of a metal carbide, nitride, boride or carbonitride chemically bonded to an outer surface of the super-hard abrasive material and an outer layer of a metal carbonitride, in particular titanium carbonitride. The outer layer is preferably applied by physical vapour deposition. The inner layer is formed from an element capable of forming (singly or in combination) carbides, nitrides or borides to the surface(s) of the abrasive material when applied using a hot coating process.

Description

The abrasive material that applies
Background of invention
The abrasive material that the present invention relates to apply, their preparation method, and be used in the abrasive material that contains the coating in the abrasive material tools.
Abrasive grain for example diamond and cubic boron nitride generally is used for cutting, grinding, boring, sawing and polishing and is used.In these are used, abrasive grain is mixed with metal powder mixture, then at high temperature sintering with formation agglutinating cutting element.Typical cohesive matrix comprises iron, cobalt, copper, nickel and/or its alloy.
Common problem in these are used be during sintering process and application subsequently these particles in cohesive matrix reservation and to oxidisability erosive resistivity.
Usually by with Chemical bond to particle and the metal or alloy coated abrasive particles that is fused on the cohesive matrix solve these problems.Generally speaking, use chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD sputter coating) technology.Titanium carbide is because therefore it be suggested a kind of examples of material as the coating of abrasive grain to adamantine excellent adhesion.Chromium carbide is operable similar coating.
Be accompanied by and contain at cohesive matrix that to use the problem of titanium carbide coatings under the situation of bronze or Cu be that these materials can react with titanium carbide, this makes it to be reacted away.Then, under the situation that cohesive matrix is made up of the metal that is synthesized the solvent of usefulness usually as diamond, diamond particles is subjected to the diamond particles graphited influence in surface easily.The example of these metals is Fe, Co and Ni.Under molten state, these metals can make the diamond dissolving, and diamond precipitates and formation graphite when cooling.The graphitizing process of this diamond surface not only weakened particle, but also caused particle relatively poor reservation in bonding.
Production period at cutting tool, for example during the sintering of the parts of the saw that contains diamond particles, oxygen may be as oxide on surface, be dissolved in the oxygen in the metal-powder that forms cohesive matrix or exist with gaseous form, perhaps because the result of shelling-out of titanium carbide coating and existing with itself.Under sintering temperature, this oxygen corrodes the surface of diamond particles easily, and this has weakened particle.
Summary of the invention
A kind of super hard abrasive of coating, it comprises: the core of superhard abrasive material, with the internal layer of the chemically combined metallic carbide of the outside surface of this superhard abrasive material, nitride, boride or carbonitride and the carbonitride skin of titanium carbonitride particularly.
Preferably apply this skin by physical vapor deposition.
This superhard abrasive material is generally diamond or cBN base, and can comprise: diamond or cBN sand grains (grit), PCD matrix, heat-staple PCD (TSPCD) matrix, PcBN matrix, CVD diamond film, single-crystal diamond matrix.
Internal layer is formed by the element that can form (separately or in combination) carbide, nitride or boride when using hot coating method to apply as internal layer on the surface of abrasive substance.Generally speaking, these elements come from IVa, Va, VIa, IIIb and the IVb family of periodictable.Internal layer preferably titanium carbide or chromium carbide coating under the situation of diamond abrasive core, perhaps preferably titanium nitride, titanium boride or boron titanium nitride or chromium nitride, chromium boride or boron chromium nitride coating under the situation of cBN abrasive core are although also can use other metals for example vanadium, molybdenum, tantalum, indium, zirconium, niobium, tungsten, aluminium, boron or silicon.
The description of preferred embodiment
Although the present invention extends to the abrasive substance of various forms of coatings, for convenience, major part is described with reference to diamond grit coating.
Having shown as with the Ti of titanium carbide or titanium nitride and titanium boride form is the coating material that can be respectively applied for diamond and cBN matrix.Because their Chemical bond are on matrix and the ability of protection matrix, so they are useful especially.Yet as preceding mentioned, they also are not suitable for some application, particularly in the presence of bronze or the copper in rodent sintering condition with their agglomerating situations under and contain at cohesive matrix under the situation of ferrous metal for example or in the presence of oxygen.
The advantage that has been found that titanium coating can extend to carbonitride particularly the external coating (EC) of titanium carbonitride be coated in other application of using diamond grit under the situation on the titanium coating.Particularly such under the following situation: the metal bond matrix that diamond grit is used for containing ferrous metal forms the abrasive tool assembly with at sintering the time.This has formed blocking layer to Co, Fe and Ni diffusion by its metal bond matrix, even this makes that its Cu content that also can lack is used for Fe, Co and Cu heat pressing process and is used for the pure iron bonding under sintering time that sintering condition need be grown and pyritous situation.This also is useful under the situation of titanium carbide coatings, under the situation of diamond particles its will by the component of metallic substance for example the bronze and the spelter solder of material be reacted on another kind of metal or the stupalith, perhaps with powder sintered or infiltration to form the powdered material of infiltration.
It especially can be used for producing for example saw blade parts of (impregnated) instrument that diamond injects, drilling machine, the bead of diamond wire (diamond wire), for example preparation, the preparation that contains adamantine metal matrix composite, the brazing of diamond of the diamond wire bead of brazing for example are bonded in TSPCD, PCD and diamond diamond on the drill body, CVD, monocrystalline, TSPCD and PCD are bonded under the situation on saw blade, knife rest, the drill body etc. especially to have limited the diamond layer tools of operability, brazing of titanium carbide coatings at high-load bronze or copper.
In addition, the instrument of the diamond of coating injection has produced the productivity of for example longer life tools of improved performance and Geng Gao.The active brazing that contains Ti of getting rid of oxygen with needs is opposite, the diamond particles of coating of the present invention is used for brazing uses and make it possible to adopt the simple brazing of carrying out at air.
The abrasive grain that the preferred hot coating method that is used to apply internal layer forms coating with being used to apply outer field PVD method.
Diamond grit particles is those of the routine instrument that is used to produce metal bonding.They are even size normally, is generally 0.1-10mm.This quasi-diamond sand grains particulate example comprises: the micron sand grains of 0.1-60 micron, 40 microns-200 microns emery wheel sand grains, 180 microns-2 millimeters sawing sand grains, 1 millimeter-10 millimeters the cBN sand grains, 40 microns-200 microns the PCBN plug-in unit of 104mm diameter disk of emery wheel sand grains, several millimeters-at the most of micrometer range of PCD plug-in unit, 0.1-60 micron of CVD plug-in unit, several square millimeters-104 mm dia disks of the 200 mm dia disks of monocrystalline, several square millimeters-at the most.
In hot coating method at first with diamond particles coated with internal layer is provided, this internal layer can be metal level or metallic carbide, nitride or carbonitride layer.In the situation of cBN, this undercoat is metal nitride or boride or boron nitride layer normally.In this hot coating method, be coated in diamond substrate at the coating that is used to carry out under the suitable heat condition of this agglutinating metal matrix.Operable typical heat paint-on technique comprises: for example relate to method, CVD method or thermodiffusion vacuum coat or metal vapour deposition method by the metal halide vapour deposition.Preferably by metal halide vapour deposition and CVD method.
In the method that relates to by the metal halide vapour deposition, in suitable gaseous environment (non-oxygenated environment that for example comprises one or more following conditions: rare gas element, hydrogen, hydrocarbon, decompression), will be exposed under the metal halide that contains the metal (for example Ti) of wanting coated by coated particle.This metal halide can be generated by the metal as this method part.
Mixture is carried out thermal cycling, and metal halide is sent to the particulate surface with Ti in the meantime, there its be released and Chemical bond on particle.
Use for example preferred PVD of CVD method or cold paint-on technique that outer metal carbonitride layer is deposited.This is a kind of low temperature method, has produced therein to be not enough to make the carbide heat of Chemical bond on matrix significantly.Therefore, if use separately, then it will cause the binding property to the diamond particles difference.An example that is used to apply the PVD method of external coating (EC) is that active sputter applies: wherein introduce reactive gas for example appropriate hydrocarbon gas and/or nitrogen during applying.Gas and the metallic vapor reaction that forms by sputtering method make carbonitride deposit.In the method, can be with Ti: (C, N) and the ratio optimization of C: N with the outer field performance of further enhancing.
Outer usually by come from IVa, Va, VIa family metal for example titanium and chromium, come from IIIb and IVb family metal for example aluminium and some elements for example carbide, nitride, boride, oxide compound and the silicide of boron and silicon (separately or in combination) form, but preferably form by titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, titanium nitride, titanium boride or boron titanium nitride.
As just example the present invention is described now with reference to following indefiniteness embodiment.
Embodiment
In the CVD method, will come from diamond grit Element Six, the 40/45US mesh size and apply, make the diamond that TiC applies with common method according to this area common general knowledge.The diamond that this CVD TiC is applied is used as the matrix that second coating step is used then.
The diamond that this TiC of 1,000 carat of 40/50US mesh size is applied is placed on and has rotor, has in the magnetron sputtering coating machine of big pure titanium metal plate as target compound.To apply chamber emptying, introducing argon gas and opening power to form plasma body.On target compound, sputtering power is increased to 10A (400V), makes the cylinder rotation simultaneously to guarantee in evenly coating on all diamond particles under the 20sccm argon pressure.Under 5sccm with C 4H 10Gas is introduced light emission observed value to realize 70% with nitrogen.Will with the continuous sputter of titanium of carbon and nitrogen reaction 2 hours.Afterwards, before from chamber, taking out, the diamond that applies is cooled off.
Diamond to this coating is analyzed, this chemical assay by X-ray diffraction method, x-ray fluorescence method, coating, optics and the analysis of scanning electron microscopy picture and breakage of particles and carry out cross-sectional analysis subsequently formed on SEM.
Naked eyes find out that this coating shows the color of garnet/similar copper.This color table reveals and is uniformly distributed on each particle, and each particle performance to go out be identical.This coating looks like uniformly and without any uncoated zone.Observation on the SEM shows the uniform coating that has coarse a little configuration of surface once more.On SEM, also observe the disruptive particle.Double-layer structure clearly manifests, about 0.2 micron of the thickness of TiCN layer.This specific coating has obtained 1.03% measurement result.The TiC coating that is used for this size of this batch of material has 0.45% measurement result usually.Therefore, 1.03% residual value shi is owing to the TiCN layer on the TiC top.When using XRD analysis, TiC and TiCN have been found.XRF analysis shows 100% Ti.

Claims (8)

1. the super hard abrasive of a coating, it comprises: the core of superhard abrasive material, with the internal layer of the chemically combined metallic carbide of the outside surface of this superhard abrasive material, nitride, boride or carbonitride be deposited on the skin of the carbonitride on this internal layer.
2. according to the super hard abrasive of the coating of claim 1, its mesectoderm is formed by titanium carbonitride.
3. according to the super hard abrasive of the coating of claim 1 or 2, wherein make outer deposition by physical vapor deposition.
4. according to each the super hard abrasive of coating of aforementioned claim, wherein superhard abrasive material is diamond or cBN base.
5. according to the super hard abrasive of the coating of claim 4, wherein superhard abrasive material is selected from: diamond or cBN sand grains, PCD matrix, heat-staple PCD (TSPCD) matrix, PcBN matrix, CVD diamond film and single-crystal diamond matrix.
6. according to each the super hard abrasive of coating of aforementioned claim, wherein use hot coating method to form internal layer by the element that can form (separately or in combination) carbide, nitride or boride on the surface of abrasive substance.
7. according to the super hard abrasive of the coating of claim 7, wherein this element is selected from IVa, Va, VIa, IIIb and the IVb family of periodictable.
8. according to each the super hard abrasive of coating of aforementioned claim, wherein this internal layer is titanium carbide or chromium carbide coating under the situation of diamond based core, is titanium nitride, titanium boride or boron titanium nitride or chromium nitride, chromium boride or boron chromium nitride coating under the situation of the core of cBN base perhaps.
CNB2005800047280A 2004-01-15 2005-01-13 The abrasive material that applies Expired - Fee Related CN100564475C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IES2004/0026 2004-01-15
IE20040026 2004-01-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1918259A true CN1918259A (en) 2007-02-21
CN100564475C CN100564475C (en) 2009-12-02

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Country Status (15)

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US (2) US20070160839A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1709136B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4861831B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101114680B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100564475C (en)
AT (1) ATE390468T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2005213530A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2553566C (en)
DE (1) DE602005005634T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2304684T3 (en)
IL (1) IL176850A0 (en)
RU (1) RU2372371C2 (en)
UA (1) UA83414C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2005078042A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200606016B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102061466A (en) * 2009-11-12 2011-05-18 三菱综合材料株式会社 Surface coated cutting tool
CN101617060B (en) * 2007-03-22 2013-07-03 六号元素（产品）（控股）公司 Abrasive compacts
CN107991849A (en) * 2016-10-26 2018-05-04 富士施乐株式会社 Cleaning balde and image processing system
CN107991847A (en) * 2016-10-26 2018-05-04 富士施乐株式会社 Transfer device and image processing system
CN109202754A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-15 长沙理工大学 A kind of electroplating CBN grinding wheel and preparation method thereof of abrasive grain pre-deposition TiN
CN114634796A (en) * 2022-02-18 2022-06-17 厦门雷昂科技有限公司 Preparation method of modified diamond abrasive particles

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GB201215469D0 (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-10-17 Element Six Ltd Diamond constructions, tools comprising same and method for making same
JP5784679B2 (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-09-24 エレメント シックス アブラシヴェス エス．エー． Polycrystalline abrasive molding
JP6968346B2 (en) * 2017-08-01 2021-11-17 福井県 Diamond grains for tools and their manufacturing methods

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101617060B (en) * 2007-03-22 2013-07-03 六号元素（产品）（控股）公司 Abrasive compacts
CN102061466A (en) * 2009-11-12 2011-05-18 三菱综合材料株式会社 Surface coated cutting tool
CN102061466B (en) * 2009-11-12 2014-07-30 三菱综合材料株式会社 Surface coated cutting tool
CN107991849A (en) * 2016-10-26 2018-05-04 富士施乐株式会社 Cleaning balde and image processing system
CN107991847A (en) * 2016-10-26 2018-05-04 富士施乐株式会社 Transfer device and image processing system
CN109202754A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-15 长沙理工大学 A kind of electroplating CBN grinding wheel and preparation method thereof of abrasive grain pre-deposition TiN
CN114634796A (en) * 2022-02-18 2022-06-17 厦门雷昂科技有限公司 Preparation method of modified diamond abrasive particles

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Publication number Publication date
EP1709136B1 (en) 2008-03-26
US20070160839A1 (en) 2007-07-12
JP4861831B2 (en) 2012-01-25
KR101114680B1 (en) 2012-03-05
EP1709136A1 (en) 2006-10-11
DE602005005634T2 (en) 2009-05-14
ZA200606016B (en) 2007-11-28
CA2553566C (en) 2012-06-19
CN100564475C (en) 2009-12-02
JP2007517955A (en) 2007-07-05
IL176850A0 (en) 2006-10-31
KR20070003833A (en) 2007-01-05
DE602005005634D1 (en) 2008-05-08
UA83414C2 (en) 2008-07-10
RU2372371C2 (en) 2009-11-10
ATE390468T1 (en) 2008-04-15
CA2553566A1 (en) 2005-08-25
ES2304684T3 (en) 2008-10-16
WO2005078042A1 (en) 2005-08-25
AU2005213530A1 (en) 2005-08-25
RU2006129350A (en) 2008-02-20
US20090205260A1 (en) 2009-08-20

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