CN1915497A

CN1915497A - Catalyst for synthesizing morphine through diethylene glycol ammoniation, and preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN1915497A
Application number: CN 200610037328
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童张法; 韦藤幼; 廖丹葵; 曾宪化
Original assignee: Guangxi University
Current assignee: Guangxi University
Priority date: 2006-08-21
Filing date: 2006-08-21
Publication date: 2007-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2026-08-21
Also published as: CN100409939C

Abstract

A catalyst for preparing morpholine from diglycol by ammoniation is prepared from Al2O3.3H2O as carrier and the Cu, Ni and Zn as active component through high-temp calcining of Al2O3.3H2O to obtain the pre-activated carrier, preparing the mixed nitrate solution of Cu, Ni and Zn proportionally, depositing reaction in the solution of sodium carbonate, filtering, washing, adding said pre-activated carrier, washing, filtering, drying, and calcining.

Description

A kind of Catalysts and its preparation method of synthesizing morphine through diethylene glycol ammoniation

Technical field

The present invention relates to the catalyst preparation technology in the Chemical Engineering, especially for the Catalysts and its preparation method of synthesizing morphine through diethylene glycol ammoniation.

Background technology

Morpholine has another name called 1, and the 4-morpholine is important fine chemicals, is mainly used in rubber accelerator, vulcanizing agent, corrosion inhibiter, scale preventative, is the raw material of medical surfactant and textile auxiliary.The morpholine synthetic method is mainly two big classes, the one, diethanolamine strong acid evaporation, the 2nd, diethylene glycol (DEG) ammoniation process.Diethanolamine strong acid evaporation is because cost of material is more expensive, and three-waste pollution is serious, stops using basically at present.And the diethylene glycol (DEG) ammoniation process is a raw material with the petrochemical by-product diethylene glycol (DEG) all, and synthetic through catalytic ammoniation, cost is low, is the synthetic main method of morpholine, and this method key issue is preparation conversion ratio height and the good catalyst of selectivity.From the catalyst of diethylene glycol (DEG) and ammonia synthesize morpholine, be basic active component with Ni and Cu mostly, add metals such as Cr, Ti, Zn or Co again, reported some Catalysts and its preparation methods as open source literature, we take passages as follows by retrieval:

1. Chinese patent [application (patent) number] the disclosed synthesize morpholine catalyst of CN1031663A is with Al ₂O ₃(32～60%) are carrier, are active component with Cu, Cr, Ti, wherein with molar ratio computing Ni: Cu=1: and 1.0～2.0, with Ni: Cr=1: 0.1～0.5, Ni: Ti=1: 1.0～2.0.Diethylene glycol (DEG) conversion ratio 82.79mol%, morpholine is selected 95.44mol%, morpholine yield 79.01%.

2. Chinese patent [application (patent) number] the disclosed synthesize morpholine catalyst of CN200410010816.9, it is with trifolium-shaped γ-Al ₂O ₃3H ₂O or (γ+θ)-Al ₂O ₃Be carrier, at least two kinds of elements are that active constituent is carried on the described carrier and constitutes among Ni, Cu, the Co; Described Ni, Cu, at least two kinds of elements of Co account for 10～30% of vehicle weight, and wherein the mol ratio between Cu or Co and the Ni is: Cu: Ni=0.9～2: 1, Co: Ni=0～0.2: 1; This catalyst makes with following method: 1. above-mentioned carrier is in 700～800 ℃ of roastings after 4～10 hours, naturally be cooled to room temperature and obtain the preroast carrier, standby, 2. use 2～10mol/L nitrate solution of at least two kinds of elements among Ni, Cu, the Co, 1. the preroast carrier that obtains in 40～70 ℃ of following dippings 10～24 hours, after the filtration again respectively at 60 ℃, 120 ℃ oven dry 2 hours, 4～8 hours, then in 400～600 ℃ of roastings 4～6 hours, naturally be cooled to room temperature, make required catalyst.Make catalyst through estimating DEG conversion ratio 98.1～99.8mol%, morpholine selectivity 90.71～94.44mol%.Its active constituent consumption is few, and processing is simple, cost is low.

3. Chinese patent [application (patent) number] the disclosed synthesize morpholine catalyst of CN200410010815.4, it be by in the natural swelling through acidifying make with unformed SiO ₂Being the carrier of main component, is that active constituent constitutes with copper, nickel, cobalt; With the catalyst weight is benchmark, described active constituent accounts for 20～40% of catalyst weight, wherein copper, cobalt consumption are respectively nickel in its ratio with the nickel mole: copper=1: 1.0～3.0, nickel: cobalt=1: 0～0.3, all the other are carrier, this Preparation of catalysts method is as follows: 1. press bentonite: 10～25% nitric acid=1: 8, and stir down and will add in the swelling in the salpeter solution, be warming up to 100～110 ℃, acidification 8～12 hours, material is made carrier through wet concentration, filtration, washing; 2. with each active constituent nitrate of requirement, be dissolved in certain water gaging, again with a certain amount of 15～35% Na ₂CO ₃In 50～100 ℃, pH=7～8 time are precipitated, sediment after filtration, washing makes subcarbonate, 3. with the carrier that 1. prepares of requirement and the 2. active constituent subcarbonate of preparation of requirement, through kneading, extruded moulding, in 60 ℃, 120 ℃ respectively after dry 2 hours, 4 hours, again in 350～550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours.

4. [autograph] sintering temperature is built eastern Liao Dan certain herbaceous plants with big flowers Wei rattan child to influence [author] Zheng of synthetic morpholine catalyst and is opened method, chemical institute of [mechanism] Guangxi University, [periodical name] Industrial Catalysis .2005,13 (3): the 18-20[digest] utilize coprecipitation to prepare the catalyst of synthesize morpholine, with differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and XRD analysis technical research the catalyst performance of synthesize morpholine, investigated the influence of sintering temperature especially to catalyst performance.By the analysis of several curves, the optimum calcination temperature of tentatively having determined catalyst is about 400 ℃.This catalyst uses Al (OH) ₃Being carrier, is active component with Cu, Ni, Zn.

Recognize from above-mentioned result for retrieval, the open source literature introduction mainly be: though 1. document uses less expensive active component, catalytic effect is unsatisfactory; 2. and 3. though document is good catalytic activity, active component is used precious metal cobalt and complicated process of preparation; Although 4. document also uses less expensive active component, owing to use Al (OH) ₃Carrier, catalytic performance is undesirable.In sum, the synthesize morpholine catalyst is also undesirable at present.

Summary of the invention

The inventor on the basis of morpholine synthetic catalyst research at present, adopts the method for the prepared by co-precipitation of non-precious metal active component and routine after research and testing, prepares the synthesizing morphine through diethylene glycol ammoniation catalyst that a kind of activity is higher, selectivity is good.

The catalyst of synthesize morpholine of the present invention is with Al ₂O ₃3H ₂O is a carrier, is active constituent with Ni, Cu, Zn, and its preparation method is 60～200 purpose Al ₂O ₃3H ₂O naturally cools to room temperature and obtains pre-activated carrier in 600～900 ℃ of following roastings 4～8 hours; By copper: nickel: zinc=1: 1.2～2.0: 1.2～2.3 a mole proportioning compound concentration is the nitrate mixed solution of 2～4mol/L, in 40～80 ℃ of molten pH=10～11 that make of sodium carbonate that add 2mol/L down, reacts 1～3 hour; Behind the reactant filtration washing, adding accounts for catalyst total amount 15～40% pre-activated carrier loads 0.5-1.0 hour, and washing and filtering goes out filter cake then; Filter cake is dry under 110～130 ℃, then 350～500 ℃ of roastings 3～5 hours, be cooled to room temperature naturally and obtain morpholine catalyst.

The morpholine catalyst that the present invention prepares, the catalytic activity height, select function admirable, make catalyst through estimating diethylene glycol (DEG) conversion ratio 98.5～99.5%, morpholine selectivity 97.7～98.4%, the catalyst that is higher than present report, subsequent products separates and purifies more easily, and to adopt non-precious metal be active component and traditional co-precipitation preparation method, and preparation cost is low.

The catalyst that the present invention prepares is 180～230 ℃ in temperature after the hydrogen activation, and pressure is that 1.0～2.4MPa uses down, and service condition is less demanding.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment one

80 purpose Al ₂O ₃3H ₂O naturally cools to room temperature and obtains pre-activated carrier in 750 ℃ of following roastings 8 hours; By copper: nickel: zinc=1: 1.4: 1.3 mole of proportioning compound concentration is the nitrate mixed solution of 2mol/L, in 60 ℃ of molten pH=11 that make of sodium carbonate that add 2mol/L down, reacts 3 hours; Behind the reactant filtration washing, adding accounted for catalyst total amount 25% pre-activated carrier loadization 1 hour, and washing and filtering goes out filter cake then; Filter cake is dry under 130 ℃, then 450 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, be cooled to room temperature naturally and obtain morpholine catalyst.

Embodiment two

100 purpose Al ₂O ₃3H ₂O naturally cools to room temperature and obtains pre-activated carrier in 800 ℃ of following roastings 7 hours; By copper: nickel: zinc=1: 1.3: 1.3 mole of proportioning compound concentration is the nitrate mixed solution of 2.5mol/L, in 70 ℃ of molten pH=11 that make of sodium carbonate that add 2mol/L down, reacts 2 hours; Behind the reactant filtration washing, adding accounted for catalyst total amount 30% pre-activated carrier loadization 0.5 hour, and washing and filtering goes out filter cake then; Filter cake is dry under 120 ℃, then 430 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, be cooled to room temperature naturally and obtain morpholine catalyst.

Embodiment three

150 purpose Al ₂O ₃3H ₂O naturally cools to room temperature and obtains pre-activated carrier in 850 ℃ of following roastings 5 hours; By copper: nickel: zinc=1: 1.3: 1.4 mole of proportioning compound concentration is the nitrate mixed solution of 2mol/L, in 60 ℃ of molten pH=10 that make of sodium carbonate that add 2mol/L down, reacts 3 hours; Behind the reactant filtration washing, adding accounted for catalyst total amount 30% pre-activated carrier loadization 0.5 hour, and washing and filtering goes out filter cake then; Filter cake is dry under 130 ℃, then 420 ℃ of roastings 5 hours, be cooled to room temperature naturally and obtain morpholine catalyst.

Claims

1, a kind of catalyst and preparation method who is used for synthesizing morphine through diethylene glycol ammoniation, the catalyst that it is characterized in that synthesize morpholine is with Al ₂O ₃3H ₂O is a carrier, is active constituent with Ni, Cu, Zn, and its preparation method is as follows:

(1) 60-200 purpose Al ₂O ₃3H ₂O naturally cools to room temperature and obtains pre-activated carrier in 600～900 ℃ of following roastings 4～8 hours;

(2) by copper: nickel: zinc=1: 1.2-2.0: 1.2-2.3 mole proportioning compound concentration is the nitrate mixed solution of 2～4mol/L, in 40-80 ℃ of molten pH=10～11 that make of sodium carbonate that add 2mol/L down, reacts 1～3 hour;

(3) after the sediment of reaction generation washed after filtration, adding accounted for catalyst total amount 15～40% pre-activated carrier loadizations 0.5～1.0 hour, and washing and filtering goes out filter cake then;

(4) filter cake is dry under 110-130 ℃, then 350 ℃～500 ℃ roastings 3～5 hours, be cooled to room temperature naturally and obtain morpholine catalyst.