CN1913402B - Intelligent method for detecting antenna fault - Google Patents

Intelligent method for detecting antenna fault Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1913402B
CN1913402B CN2005100900580A CN200510090058A CN1913402B CN 1913402 B CN1913402 B CN 1913402B CN 2005100900580 A CN2005100900580 A CN 2005100900580A CN 200510090058 A CN200510090058 A CN 200510090058A CN 1913402 B CN1913402 B CN 1913402B
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antenna
array element
feeder line
normal
detection
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CN1913402A (en
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卢勤博
曾召华
秦洪峰
华海宁
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JIANGSU GULF ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

This invention relates to a method for testing intelligent antenna faults including: setting the TR switches of all antenna channels a receiving mode and that of the correcting channel a transmission mode, in which, the correcting antenna sends down-line signals to judge if the coupled network and feed lines connecting the array elements are normal by the tested emission signal power of the correcting antenna and the receiving signal power of the array element of the antennas, then to detect if the antenna element of the normal test state is disabled, which judges if the power defference of the measured receiving signal and emission signal is less than a throshld value designed by a fixed coupled relation to get the test result of the fault of intelligent antennas.

Description

A kind of method of smart antenna fault detect
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt in a kind of communication field the method for the base station of intelligent antenna technology to the smart antenna fault detect.
Background technology
Existing intelligent antenna technology is a kind of new technology that more and more comes into one's own in the moving communicating field, especially in the working method of TDD, the uplink and downlink channel uses same carrier frequency, can think that same user's up-downgoing channel is symmetrical fully, thereby help the use of intelligent antenna technology.
Smart antenna can be according to the variation of customer location, and the sensing of adaptive adjustment wave beam makes and the received power maximum of desired user reduces the interference of non-desired user simultaneously, thereby reaches the purpose that improves power system capacity.But, when the several array elements of the some of smart antenna or certain lost efficacy, will directly have influence on the covering of sub-district and user's speech quality.So the detection to the smart antenna fault in whole communication system is very important, occur in case detected fault, just should change antenna as early as possible.
The antenna for base station of mobile communication often is installed in up on tens meters the launching tower in the reality, if climb up launching tower by the engineering staff, whether break down with being very a difficulty and an arduous thing, so the base station is necessary to possess the function of automatic detection antenna failure with the instrument detecting bay.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of smart antenna fault detect, technical problem to be solved is: detect the fault of smart antenna automatically, and the accurate in locating feeder line and the bay that break down.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises:
A kind of method of smart antenna fault detect comprises the steps:
A, the transmit-receive switch of all antenna channels all is set to the receipts pattern, the transmit-receive switch of correction channel is set to the pattern of sending out; By proofreading and correct the antenna transmission downstream signal, each antenna channels received signal, judge by detected correction antenna transmit signal power and each bay received signal power whether coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects be normal, describedly judge whether normal method comprises for coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects: whether received signal of measuring by judgement and transmit signal power difference be less than the threshold value of being set by fixing coupled relation, and whether judge coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects normal;
B, after test is finished, the normal bay of detected state is carried out the detection whether array element lost efficacy.
Described method, wherein, described steps A also comprises: the transmit signal power of establishing correction channel is P Ac, the received signal power of each antenna channels is P KaIf,
P ka-P ac＜Th ka，ac
Coupling networking or feeder line that antenna ka correspondence then is described break down, and this gap marker is changed to unusually, and the ErrNum number adds one; Detection threshold value Th Ka, ac=ε Ka, ac+ l Ac+ l Ka, ε Ka, acBe the pad value at the coupling networking between antenna ka and the correction mouth, l AcAnd l KaBe respectively antenna and proofread and correct the pad value of the feeder line of mouthful feeder line and antenna ka; Wherein, Th Ka, acBe detection threshold value, ka is a day wire size, and ErrNum is coupling networking and the feeder line number that breaks down.
Described method, wherein, described ε Ka, ac, l Ac, l Ka,
Figure B2005100900580D00021
All actual measurement obtains threshold T h before antenna is installed Ka, Measurement result according to this Several Parameters disposes down by operation maintenance center.
Described method, wherein said steps A also comprises:
Result according to the fault detect of coupling networking and feeder line makes the following judgment: if 0≤ErrNum＜Ka-1, then explanation has the coupling network of two above antennas and cable to connect normal, then next step array element state-detection of carrying out to being masked as normal array element reports unusual array element number simultaneously; If ErrNum=Ka-1, it is normal to illustrate that the coupling network cable that has only an antenna connects, and can't carry out next step detection, and the entire antenna fault detect finishes; If ErrNum=Ka illustrates that then whole detection is unusual, notify the engineering staff to need to check successively and proofread and correct cable, each array element feeder line and coupling network, entire antenna fault detect
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises:
A kind of method of smart antenna fault detect comprises the steps:
A, the transmit-receive switch of all antenna channels all is set to the receipts pattern, the transmit-receive switch of correction channel is set to the pattern of sending out; By proofreading and correct the antenna transmission downstream signal, each antenna channels received signal, judge by detected correction antenna transmit signal power and each bay received signal power whether coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects be normal, describedly judge whether normal method comprises for coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects: whether received signal of measuring by judgement and transmit signal power difference be less than the threshold value of being set by fixing coupled relation, and whether judge coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects normal;
B, after test is finished, the normal bay of detected state is carried out the detection whether array element lost efficacy.
Described method, wherein, described steps A also comprises: the transmit signal power of establishing correction channel is P Ac, the received signal power of each antenna channels is P KaIf,
P ka-P ac＜Th ka，ac
Coupling networking or feeder line that antenna ka correspondence then is described break down, and this gap marker is changed to unusually, and the ErrNum number adds one; Detection threshold value Th Ka, ac=ε Ka, ac+ l Ac+ l Ka, ε Ka, acBe the pad value at the coupling networking between antenna ka and the correction mouth, l AcAnd l KaBe respectively antenna and proofread and correct the pad value of the feeder line of mouthful feeder line and antenna ka; Wherein, Th Ka, acBe detection threshold value, ka is a day wire size, and ErrNum is coupling networking and the feeder line number that breaks down.
Described method, wherein, described ε Ka, ac, l Ac, l Ka, All actual measurement obtains threshold T h before antenna is installed Ka,
Figure B2005100900580D00032
Measurement result according to this Several Parameters disposes down by operation maintenance center.
Described method, wherein said steps A also comprises:
Result according to the fault detect of coupling networking and feeder line makes the following judgment: if 0≤ErrNum＜Ka-1, then explanation has the coupling network of two above antennas and cable to connect normal, then next step array element state-detection of carrying out to being masked as normal array element reports unusual array element number simultaneously; If ErrNum=Ka-1, it is normal to illustrate that the coupling network cable that has only an antenna connects, and can't carry out next step detection, and the entire antenna fault detect finishes; If ErrNum=Ka illustrates that then whole detection is unusual, notify the engineering staff to need to check successively and proofread and correct cable, each array element feeder line and coupling network, the radio frequency unit of entire antenna fault detection signal transmitting-receiving; The baseband processing unit that is used for the base station baseband signal processing; Be used for the operation and maintenance center that base station maintenance and alarm show.
The method that detection smart antenna array element of the present invention lost efficacy may further comprise the steps:
The first step all is set to the receipts pattern with the transmit-receive switch of all antenna channels, and the transmit-receive switch of correction channel is set to the pattern of sending out.By proofreading and correct the antenna transmission downstream signal, each antenna channels received signal judges by detected correction antenna transmit signal power and each bay received signal power whether coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects be normal.
In second step, after first step test is finished, the normal bay of detected state is carried out the detection whether array element lost efficacy.
Antenna failure detection system structure of the present invention and peripheral interface are made up of array antenna, power detector, main control unit, radio frequency unit, baseband processing unit and operation and maintenance center as shown in Figure 1.Array antenna is made of each bay and the coupling network that is used for the antenna correction.In the feeder line between array antenna and the power detector, intermediate connection is power detection device and the feeder line of proofreading and correct antenna opening, and all the other are followed successively by the feeder line between power detector and each array element from top to bottom.Power detector is made up of (array number+1) individual data collection and transceiver module and a microcontroller (MCU), wherein each bay and proofread and correct an all corresponding one by one data collection of mouth and a transceiver module.
Described main control unit is the control centre of whole base station system, and after receiving the antenna failure sense command, the antenna failure sense command can be initiated by operation maintenance center, also can regularly initiate, and described main control unit will wake the antenna failure detection procedure up.Described antenna failure detection procedure is finished the processing of entire antenna fault detection algorithm, and the downgoing baseband signal sends control and the control of each passage transceiver mode.
The major function of described MCU is, each the passage transceiver mode control command that provides according to main control unit disposes the data acquisition of each passage and the transceiver mode of transceiver module, the calculating of antenna reception and transmitting power and power calculation result report to main control unit, and described MCU and main control unit adopt serial communication protocol.
The structure of described data acquisition and transceiver module is made up of cavity body filter, circulator, radio-frequency (RF) switch, LNA, Linear Power Amplifier and wave detector and several parts of mould/number (A/D) transducer as shown in Figure 2.This module major function is that descending transmission signal power is amplified, and the uplink antenna signal receives, and is used for the digital signal acquiring that MCU calculates transmission and received power.
The data acquisition of each passage and the transceiver mode of transceiver module are provided with flow process, at first by main control unit each passage transceiver mode control command are issued described MCU, described MCU configuration radio-frequency (RF) switch A and B.Switch A is the transceiver mode change over switch of passage, and switch B is that up received power detects and the LNA mode conversion switch.If a certain passage is changed to the pattern of sending out, then switch A is changed to the power amplifier pattern; If a certain passage is changed to the receipts pattern, then switch A is changed to the LNA pattern.
Downstream signal emission and power detection flow process are, at first this passage is set to the pattern of sending out, main control unit control baseband processing unit sends downstream signal, downstream signal is divided into two-way by two power splitters through radio frequency unit, power amplifier after amplifying, one the tunnel sends through cavity body filter, and another road send wave detector detection, A/D conversion back to be calculated the transmission signal power of this passage by MCU.Send and received signal power in order to detect accurately, the transmit signal power size should be able to guarantee that the detection error of received power is within the scope that the power detection error allows.
Upward signal receives and the power detection flow process is, at first this passage is set to the pattern of sending out, switch B is changed to pickup mode, and antenna receiving signal directly send wave detector detection, A/D conversion back to be calculated the received signal power of this passage by MCU after cavity body filter filtering.
The handling process of antenna failure detection algorithm as shown in Figure 3, its concrete realization flow is:
1. carry out the fault detect of coupling network and feeder line;
2. according to the state-detection of the state-detection result of coupling network and feeder line being carried out each array element.
The fault detect flow process of coupling networking and feeder line as shown in Figure 4, ka be a sky wire size among the figure, Ka is an antenna number, ErrNum is coupling networking and the feeder line number that breaks down, testing result is reported to operation and maintenance center by main control unit, its specific implementation flow process is:
1. correction channel is changed to the pattern of sending out, each antenna channels is changed to the receipts pattern, and correction channel transmits, each antenna channels received signal;
2. the power of power that transmits according to correction channel and receive path received signal judges whether the coupling network of each antenna correspondence and feeder line be normal.If the transmit signal power signal of correction channel is P Ac, the received signal of each antenna channels is P KaIf,
P ka-P ac＜Th ka，ac
Coupling networking or feeder line that antenna ka correspondence then is described break down, and this gap marker is changed to unusually, and the ErrNum number adds one.Wherein, detection threshold value Th Ka=ε Ka, ac+ l Ac+ l Ka, ε Ka, acBe the pad value at the coupling networking between antenna ka and the correction mouth, l AcAnd l KaBe respectively antenna and proofread and correct the pad value of the feeder line of mouthful feeder line and antenna ka.ε Ka, ac, l Ac, l KaAll can before installing, antenna actual measurement obtain threshold T h KaMeasurement result according to this Several Parameters disposes down by operation maintenance center.Based on the requirement that the intelligent antenna channel consistency is proofreaied and correct, ε Ka, acWhen dispatching from the factory, guarantee by antenna that different array elements are all consistent, l KaWhen installing, antenna also should guarantee unanimity as far as possible.
3. the result according to the fault detect of coupling networking and feeder line makes the following judgment:
1) if 0≤ErrNum＜Ka-1, then to have the coupling network of two above antennas and cable to connect normal in explanation, then next step array element state-detection of carrying out to being masked as normal array element reports unusual array element number simultaneously;
2) if ErrNum=Ka-1 illustrates that the coupling network cable that has only an antenna connects normally, can't carry out next step detection, the entire antenna fault detect finishes;
3) if ErrNum=Ka illustrates that then whole detection is unusual, to notify the engineering staff to need to check successively and proofread and correct cable, each array element feeder line and coupling network, the entire antenna fault detect finishes.
Array element state-detection flow process as shown in Figure 5, testing result is reported to operation and maintenance center by main control unit.The handling process of described array element state-detection is:
1. from antenna to be detected, appoint and get an array element k aEmission, other antenna receives, and detects array element k by power detector aTransmitting power be P Ka, reception antenna k ' aReceived power be
Figure B2005100900580D00061
If satisfy
P k a &prime; - P ka < Th k a &prime; , k a
Antenna k ' then is described aReceived power unusual, its Status Flag is set to unusually.Wherein, detection threshold
Figure B2005100900580D00063
Be array element k ' aWith k aBetween signal by the coupling attenuation value of eating dishes without rice or wine, can obtain by the antenna parameter of dispatching from the factory;
Figure B2005100900580D00064
With
Figure B2005100900580D00065
Be respectively array element k ' aWith k aThe pad value of feeder line, can when antenna is installed, survey and obtain,
Figure B2005100900580D00071
Can dispose by operation and maintenance center.
2. the testing result according to previous step makes the following judgment:
1) if the received power of all antennas is normal, illustrate that then each antenna condition is normal, the entire antenna fault detect finishes;
2) received power as the fruit part antenna is normal, and transmitting antenna k then is described aState is normal, and the unusual antenna of received power damages, and the entire antenna fault detect finishes, and reports unusual array element number simultaneously;
3) if the received power of all antennas is all undesired, two kinds of possibilities are then arranged again, a kind of may be transmitting antenna k aDamage, another kind may be that all reception antennas damage, so can not draw final testing result, also needs repeating step 1 and step 2, finishes until the entire antenna fault detect.
Said method of the present invention is from the coupled relation between smart antenna coupling network and each bay, whether received signal of measuring by judgement and transmit signal power difference have drawn the testing result of smart antenna fault less than the threshold value of being set by fixing coupled relation, the inventive method realizes measuring accurately, and operand is little.
But should be understood that above-mentioned description at specific embodiment of the present invention is comparatively concrete, can not therefore be interpreted as the protection range to patent of the present invention, scope of patent protection of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (5)

1. the method for a smart antenna fault detect comprises the steps:
A, the transmit-receive switch of all antenna channels all is set to the receipts pattern, the transmit-receive switch of correction channel is set to the pattern of sending out; By proofreading and correct the antenna transmission downstream signal, each antenna channels received signal, judge by detected correction antenna transmit signal power and each bay received signal power whether coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects be normal, describedly judge whether normal method comprises for coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects: whether received signal of measuring by judgement and transmit signal power difference be less than the threshold value of being set by fixing coupled relation, and whether judge coupling network and feeder line that each array element connects normal;
B, after test is finished, the normal bay of detected state is carried out the detection whether array element lost efficacy.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described steps A also comprises: the transmit signal power of establishing correction channel is P Ac, the received signal power of each antenna channels is P KaIf,
P ka-P ac＜Th ka，ac
Coupling networking or feeder line that antenna ka correspondence then is described break down, and this gap marker is changed to unusually, and the ErrNum number adds one; Detection threshold value Th Ka, ac=ε Ka, ac+ l Ac+ l Ka, ε Ka, acBe the pad value at the coupling networking between antenna ka and the correction mouth, l AcAnd l KaBe respectively antenna and proofread and correct the pad value of the feeder line of mouthful feeder line and antenna ka; Wherein, Th Ka, acBe detection threshold value, ka is a day wire size, and ErrNum is coupling networking and the feeder line number that breaks down.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described ε Ka, ac, l Ac, l Ka,
Figure F2005100900580C00011
All actual measurement obtains threshold T h before antenna is installed Ka, Measurement result according to this Several Parameters disposes down by operation maintenance center.
4. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described steps A also comprises:
Result according to the fault detect of coupling networking and feeder line makes the following judgment: if 0≤ErrNum＜Ka-1, then explanation has the coupling network of two above antennas and cable to connect normal, then next step array element state-detection of carrying out to being masked as normal array element reports unusual array element number simultaneously; If ErrNum=Ka-1, it is normal to illustrate that the coupling network cable that has only an antenna connects, and can't carry out next step detection, and the entire antenna fault detect finishes; If ErrNum=Ka illustrates that then whole detection is unusual, to notify the engineering staff to need to check successively and proofread and correct cable, each array element feeder line and coupling network, the entire antenna fault detect finishes; Wherein, Ka is an antenna number.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step B also comprises, transmitting antenna k aTransmitting power be P Ka, reception antenna k ' aReceived power be
Figure F2005100900580C00021
If satisfy
P k a &prime; - P ka < Th k a &prime; , k a
Antenna k ' then is described aReceived power unusual, its Status Flag is set to unusually, wherein, detection threshold value
Figure F2005100900580C00023
Be array element k ' aWith k aBetween signal by the coupling attenuation value of eating dishes without rice or wine;
Figure F2005100900580C00024
With
Figure F2005100900580C00025
Be respectively array element k ' aWith k aThe pad value of feeder line.
CN2005100900580A 2005-08-11 2005-08-11 Intelligent method for detecting antenna fault Expired - Fee Related CN1913402B (en)

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