CN1910402A - System and method for flame stabilization and control - Google Patents
System and method for flame stabilization and control Download PDFInfo
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- CN1910402A CN1910402A CNA2005800023197A CN200580002319A CN1910402A CN 1910402 A CN1910402 A CN 1910402A CN A2005800023197 A CNA2005800023197 A CN A2005800023197A CN 200580002319 A CN200580002319 A CN 200580002319A CN 1910402 A CN1910402 A CN 1910402A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
A system and method for providing continuous measurement and control of a combustion device by altering the fuel composition delivered thereto. The system includes devices for sensing related information, such as fuel characteristics, combustion characteristics, or other device characteristics, and controlling the performance of the combustion device based on the sensed information. Performance control occurs via addition of one or more additives to the fuel to adjust combustion characteristics. Via such sensing and performance control, consistent combustion device performance may be maintained, despite varying fuel characteristics. In one variation, sensing occurs for the fuel delivered to the combustion device, and one or more additives are added to the fuel, based on the composition and flow rate for the fuel. In another variation, characteristics of the combustion device in operation, such as flame characteristics, are sensed and used to adjust fuel characteristics via iterative addition of one or more additives.
Description
The present invention requires priority that submit to, that be entitled as the 60/535th, No. 716 provisional application of " method and system of flame stabilization and control " on January 12nd, 2004, and this application is incorporated this paper into by introducing.The present invention also requires in priority that submit to, that be entitled as the 60/634th, No. 286 provisional application of " coming diluent gas fuel with inert gas, to keep stable combustion characteristics " December 9 in 2004, and this application is incorporated this paper into by introducing too.
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to and the relevant device that burns, particularly a kind of like this device relevant with burning, it is by controlling with monitoring and control burning one or more additives (additive) that add in the fuel supply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has comprised the block diagram of various computer system components, and wherein various computer system components are used for and the exemplary realization of according to embodiments of the present invention fuel of burner being supplied with the control system of controlling is used together;
Fig. 2 shows example system according to an embodiment of the invention, that be used for directly determining combustibility;
Fig. 3 shows illustrative methods according to an embodiment of the invention, that be used for directly determining combustibility;
Fig. 4 shows example system according to an embodiment of the invention, that be used for determining indirectly combustibility; And
Fig. 5 shows illustrative methods according to an embodiment of the invention, that be used for determining indirectly combustibility.
The concise and to the point description of embodiment of the present invention
The description of the embodiment of method and system
Embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of like this method and system, it is used for real-time or approaching detection in real time or (for example determines the information relevant with burning, fuel characteristic, combustion characteristics or other equipment energy characteristics), and based on detected information, utilize fuel additive to regulate the performance of one or more Characteristics Control burners of burning (for example, turbine or other comprise the device of combustion chamber).By this detection and Properties Control, even input or other factors vary (for example changing fuel performance and kind) also can for example keep stable burner performance.This variation of fuel can for example comprise: natural gas is according to its variation of source on combustion characteristics, or the fuel type that is used for burner changes.
In first embodiment, the performance of burner is by the performance that detects fuel and adds one or more fuel additives and come (indirectly) control.For example, in the variant of this embodiment,, monitor supplying to fuel characteristic in the burner (for example, fuel delivery rate and with the performance-relevant chemistry of fuel combustion or other aspects) for example by propellant composition and delivery rate sensor.The acceptable scope of monitored results and fuel characteristic (for example, can produce the fuel performance scope of acceptable chamber performance) relatively, if the result who monitors exceeds tolerance interval, then determine suitable applicable fuel additive amount, and determined additive is increased to during fuel supplies with, thereby the performance that can make the combustion chamber within the acceptable range.
For example, if by fuel analysis is determined, the flame speed that the fuel that does not have an additive produces in burning the chamber is too low, the flame reinforcing agent that then will calculate in right amount (for example, given detected fuel feed speed, strengthen according to the burning that when having additive, calculates) be added in the fuel supply, as additive so that flame speed is increased to acceptable level.In addition on the one hand, if by fuel analysis is determined, the flame speed that does not have the fuel of additive to produce in burning the chamber is too high, then the flame delayer of right quantity is added to during fuel supplies with, so that flame speed is reduced to acceptable level.In this embodiment, in case determined the appropriate characteristics of fuel, just do not need extra continuously monitoring and control (still can select to use extra monitoring and control) for example to keep burning quality at the fire end of fuel or burner.
In second embodiment, by in fuel is supplied with, adding one or more additives when needed, detect by characteristic to the burner performance, control the performance of burner, thereby make the combustion chamber be in acceptable scope.For example, in the variant of this embodiment, the characteristic of combustibility (for example, the pressure that produces in the combustion chamber, the product, temperature or other combustion characteristics that burn or distribute) is monitored.The acceptable scope of result who is monitored and combustibility feature (can produce the fuel performance scope of acceptable chamber performance) is come relatively.If the result who monitors exceeds acceptable scope, then an amount of available additive is added in the fuel supply, the spy who monitors the combustion chamber then again can be to determine whether the result be in the acceptable scope.Repeat this process as the continuous feedback ring, up to the combustion characteristics place within the acceptable range, then keep the supply of additive.
For example, determine by the performance analysis to the combustion chamber, the flame temperature that does not have the fuel of additive to produce in the combustion chamber is too low, then combustion enhancer is added to during fuel supplies with as additive, so that flame temperature increases.If reached acceptable flame temperature, then keep additive to supply with, otherwise, add more additive repeatedly and reach acceptable scope up to flame temperature.Equally, determine by the performance analysis to the combustion chamber, the flame temperature that does not have the fuel of additive to produce in the combustion chamber is too high, just the flame delayer of right quantity is added to during fuel supplies with as additive, thereby reduces flame temperature.Close if reached acceptable flame temperature, then keep additive to supply with, otherwise, add more additive repeatedly and reach acceptable scope up to flame temperature.
In the embodiment of other variants of second embodiment, other characteristics of monitoring burner (non-combustion around) are determined performance, and add additive when needed, thereby burner is remained in the acceptable performance range.For example, if the pressure oscillation in the combustion chamber too conference in burner, cause the vibration.Similar with first kind of variant of this embodiment, make the big additive of pressure change in the combustion chamber repeat to add in the fuel supply, reach acceptable performance (for example, acceptable level of vibration) up to burner.
In each variant of second embodiment, fuel delivery rate that is detected and fuel characteristic or other information and in conjunction with detected burner characteristic can be used for (for example) determine more accurately and control fuel is supplied with.
In order to carry out these functions with burner, each embodiment of the present invention (is for example utilized one or more sensor, one or more source of additive, one or more additive stream amount control device with control corresponding mechanism usually, valve) and the treating apparatus of one or more processor or receiving sensor input, at random determining to add to the additive capacity (according to embodiment) in the fuel, and the operation by controlling mechanism control additive stream amount control device.
Burner
Spendable in the present invention burner can comprise known or burner that has developed or the stove device that is used for burning fuel, and can be used as these and install normally used purpose.For example, burner can comprise and is designed to be used in natural gas or other fuel with the turbine that produces power or reciprocating engine (for example, can use or use various fuel by adjusting).
Sensor
The present invention can use a large amount of sensors.These sensors that for example, can use in the present invention can be measured propellant composition or burning attribute or both directly or indirectly and measure.When direct measurement propellant composition, can sensor (or for example, in processor or with the treating apparatus of sensors coupled, will be further described below) in utilize a large amount of technology to measure the various chemical substance quantity of forming fuel.These technology include but not limited to: infrared absorption spectrometre, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman (Raman) spectroscopy, gas chromatography, mass spectrography, nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance or ion motion spectroscopic methodology or their combinations arbitrarily.
When indirect measurement propellant composition, adaptable treatment technology includes but not limited in sensor: use flame ionization detector (FID), hot conduction measurement, thermal capacitance measurement, acoustic velocity measutement or density measure or their any combinations.When particularly in the embodiment of measuring indirectly, using, sensor can measure or be used for to determine combustibility index (if necessary), comprise wobbe index (Wobbe Index) as described in more detail below, sensor can comprise that also design is used for measuring the known type and the method for fuel flow rate.
Detection (directly measuring) for flame, sensor can be used for measuring combustion stability, for example, by measuring flame location or vibration, perhaps utilize below (but being not limited to) one or several: chemiluminescence detector (chemiluminescence detector), flame scanner, imaging combustion device or flame detector.Sensor can selectedly be done or be configured to, and for example by the pressure of measuring the combustion chamber and the stability that burning is measured in pressure oscillation, and accelerometer can be used to measure the pressure vibration that is caused by burning and vibration in the burner that causes.Combustibility can be measured for example flame temperature, delivery temperature or emitting substance (emission), perhaps their combinations arbitrarily by measuring following properties.
Processor
Processor (also can be called " treating apparatus " or controller in this article) can calculate according to input or other information of sensor, with evaluation combustibility or stability, and can be generated as additive system and (for example generate control signal, machinery or hydraulic operation or other control functions, be used for by-pass valve control or other mechanical devices with the supply of control additive), thus can produce and keep constant combustibility and/or stability.Controller can be controlled the fuel attribute (for example, controlling by one or more additives are supplied with) that is input in the burner, thereby makes (for example) can keep constant fuel efficiency and fuel injection characteristic.By keeping the method for constant fire burning index, controller can also keep constant burning attribute.Described index (being described below) can be wobbe index or Weaver index, perhaps both (or some designs are used for characterizing other coefficients of fuel attribute).
Controller can also be for example keeps stable burning (for example, adding the quantity of the additive of fuel by control to) by adjusting other main burning attribute of flame speed or some.Controller can be an analogue means, for example by using tuning control coefrficient to generate PID (ratio, integration and the differential) controller of control output from input signal.Controller can also be a digital device, for example PLC (programmable logic controller (PLC)) or computer.
Computer can be with a kind of analogue means of the form simulation of software, or is used to self-test device information calculations fire burning index or other fuel attributes, and then calculates required additive capacity, with the exponential sum property value that keeps being scheduled to.Controller may be a stand-alone device, perhaps comprises the device of a plurality of couplings, comprises the device that forms or be coupled to network (for example internet).This device can have the ability of " study ", thereby makes that the present invention can be based on operating experience self-optimization control law, and can be applicable to some embodiments.
The output of controller can connect with the stability of burner, and can be used as stable indicator.The stability indicator can be turned off burner before serious unstability.In addition, stable indicator can be used as a burner part or combines with other performances of burner, produces operation note to help to determine fault (upset) reason with (for example).
As shown in Figure 1, controller of the present invention can use hardware, software or the two combination to realize, and can carry out in one or more computer systems or other treatment systems.In one embodiment, the objective of the invention is to carry out one or more computer systems of the function of describing in this article.
Computer system 1 comprises one or more processors, and for example processor 4.Processor 4 is connected in communication basic facilities 6 (for example, communication bus, cross matrix (cross-over bar) or network).Based on the computer system of this example various software embodiments are described.After having read this description, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art how to use other computer systems or architecture to realize the present invention.
Computer system 1 can comprise display interface device 2, is used to transmit figure, text and other data (perhaps from the frame buffer (not shown)) from communication basic facilities 6, in order to be presented on the display unit 30.Computer system 1 also comprises main storage 8, is preferably random access memory (RAM), and can comprises additional storage 10.Additional storage 10 can for example comprise hard drive 12 and/or removable storing driver 14, shows as disk drive, disk drive, disc drives or the like.Removable storing driver 14 is read and/or is write from removable memory module 18 in known manner.Removable memory module 18 shows as floppy disk, disk, CD or the like, and can be read and write by removable storing driver 14.Should be appreciated that removable memory module 18 is included in the computer-usable storage medium that wherein has computer software and/or data.
In optional embodiment, additional storage 10 can comprise other similar devices, allows computer program or other instruction to be written into computer system 1.These devices for example comprise removable memory module 22 and interface 20.These examples (for example can comprise program cartridge (programcartridge) and cassette memory interface, the program cartridge and the cassette memory interface that are present in video game apparatus), removable storage chip (for example, read-only storage of erasable programmable (EPROM) or programmable read-only memory (prom)) with relevant socket (socket), other removable memory module 22 and interface 20, interface 20 allows softwares and data to be sent to the computer system 1 from removable memory module 22.
Computer system 1 also can comprise communication interface 24.Communication interface 24 allows software and data mutual between computer system 1 and peripheral hardware.The example of communication interface 24 can comprise the draw-in groove of modem, network interface (for example Ethernet card), COM1, PCMCIA (PCMCIA) and block or the like.Software and data are transmitted with the form of signal 28 by communication interface 24, and signal 28 can be the signal form that electricity, electromagnetism, light or other can be received by communication interface 24.These signals 28 offer communication interface 24 by communication path (for example, channel) 26.Path 26 carrying signals 28, and can use electric wire (wire), cable, optical fiber, telephone wire, cellular link or radio frequency (RF) link and/or other communication channel to realize.In this document, " computer program medium " and " computer usable medium " is called medium prevailingly, and for example mobile storage drives 14, is installed in the hard disk and the signal 28 of hard drive 12.These computer programs provide software for computer system 1.The invention provides such computer program.
Computer program (also being called as computer control logic) is stored in main storage 8 and/or the additional storage 10.Computer program also can receive by communication interface 24.These computer programs make computer system 1 carry out the feature of discussing in this article of the present invention when carrying out.Specifically, when computer program is carried out, make processor 4 carry out feature of the present invention.Therefore, this computer program is represented the controller of computer system 1.
Realize that in application software software can deposit in the computer program, and can utilize removable storing driver 14, hard drive 12 or communication interface 24 to be loaded in the computer system 1 in embodiment of the present invention.When control logic (software) is carried out by processor 4, make processor 4 carry out the function of describing in this article of the present invention.In another embodiment, the present invention mainly realizes with hardware, for example uses the hardware component such as application-specific IC (ASIC).Realizing carrying out in this article, the hardware state machine of the function of description should be conspicuous for a person skilled in the art.
And in other embodiments, the present invention can be by realizing with combined with hardware and software.
Additive is supplied with
Additive of the present invention is supplied with part and is had the ability of adding suitable additives to fuel according to computing and other controller functions of controller.Additive of the present invention is supplied with part can comprise that (but be not must) be used for the container of storing additive.Additive part of the present invention can also be added additive by using the material (for example, steam, air, the exhaust that can obtain easily or other generations or producible material) " freely (on the fly) " that obtains easily.These additives for example are to obtain by obtaining composition (as air or water) and it being divided into one or more compositions that will use in the present invention, or generate by the special composition reaction that takes place.
These additives for example can obtain from exhaust or obtain by the method for using separation of air, and can comprise or use steam or water.In addition, the additive in the additive system can comprise active (reactive) chemical substance (for example, as combustion enhancer), including, but not limited to: the combination of hydrogen (H2), acetylene (C2H2), nitrous oxide (N2O) or any of these material.For retarded combustion, can comprise inert diluent in the additive, including, but not limited to nitrogen (N2), air, oxygen denuded air (oxygen depleted air), carbon dioxide (CO2); Make up arbitrarily recycling waste gas, water or steam or they.Fuel delays additive can comprise that equally flame delays material, includes but not limited to the material of Halogen.
Additive of the present invention is supplied with part can comprise that metering valve or other valves or controlling mechanism control the quantity that is mixed into the additive in the fuel, can also comprise electronics, machinery, hydraulic pressure or other operation mechanisms come the operation of controlling mechanism is controlled.Metering valve is for example directly controlled by the interface that is coupled to controller, or controls by above-mentioned one or more controlling mechanisms.
The attribute of fuel and burner
Following fuel and burner information and attribute can be applied to the system and method for realizing embodiment of the present invention prevailingly.
Some fuel characteristic of fuel characteristic helps to determine whether different fuel has identical performance in identical burner.If the parameter that is known as wobbe index (WobbeIndex) of two kinds of fuel is identical, they often have similar performance in given combustion system so.Wobbe index (WI) is defined as the volumetric calorific value of fuel and the subduplicate ratio of fuel density.When the WI of two kinds of fuel was identical, the heat input of device that is used for two kinds of fuel was suitable substantially, and had identical pressure drop by inlet nozzle.Fuel jet penetration and therefore fuel-air mixture is also basic identical.Therefore, keeping constant fuel WI is important for the constant performance of keeping burner.
WI is that the interaction for burnt fuel in diffusion flame burners of determining to operate under the smooth combustion state and the simple pre-mixing combustion stove defines at first, and wherein stable heat generation rate suitably is limited to the interaction of gas.Yet, inclination premixed DLE (Dry LowEmission, the low design of polluting of dry type) burner (for example burner that uses at the modernized gas turbine that is used for producing power) is with understable fired state operation, so the single-shot heating rate is not enough to guarantee stable operation.Therefore, if do not consider more restriction, the interactivity of using in the dry radiant burner of WI calculating inclination premixed also is inadequate.So monitoring the index of the interactivity of other flame characteristicses has been carried.For example with respect to reference gas, wobbe index relatively is used for the yellow fire point (yellow tipping) of the place of gas that heat scatters and disappears, flame promotes, flares back and proposes of burn application.In addition, basic burning attribute, for example flame speed also can be used as the expection combustion stability a part monitor.
Therefore the stability control of burning can realize by the chemical composition that adjustment is input to the fuel mixture of combustion chamber, so just can control aforesaid fuel characteristic.This can be by realizing via changing gas component to fuel mixture increase additive.For example, additive can improve or lower the release rate of speed, flame temperature or the unit volume heat of flame.Additive includes but not limited to: active chemical substance (as, hydrogen, acetylene or N2O); Diluent (as, nitrogen, CO2, steam or exhaust capable of circulation); Or flame base (flame-radical) removing chemical substance (as, halogen-containing material); Or their any mixing.
The spendable pre-mixed fuel device of premixed combustion devices and stove the present invention includes but not limited to, the fuel-device that those use in low radiating gas turbine, and it can be impaired when operating in the face of variable natural-gas or other supply gas (as process gas or synthesis gas).Make by adjusting and to pollute the very low premixed combustion system of radiation and flaring back (flashback) and blowing out narrow and small stable space work between (blow-off).When flame speed is faster than the air velocity of passing through burner, flare back, allow flame (upstream) propagation up.When flame speed is slower than the air velocity of passing through the combustion chamber, can cause blowing out and take place, permission flame down blows and extinguishes.Flame speed generally must equate with stable combustion-gas flow speed.Various technology can be used to the retention flame, thereby make the speed of flame not necessarily will mate with air velocity.
These constraintss produce very little the stablizing of scope; Yet, when matching degree is too low between flame speed and flow, can cause the generation that flares back or blow out.Because flame speed is the function of propellant composition, therefore, the composition variation of natural-gas or other supply gas can cause stable problem (for example (" to be used for heavy function gas turbine referring to L.Nord and H.Andersen " Influence of Variations inthe Natural Gas Properties on the Combustion Process in Terms ofEmissions and Pulsations for a Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ", the influence that the natural-gas attribute change is handled the burning of burning radiation and pollutant "), its content is incorporated this paper by reference into).When premixed was controlled in strict accordance with equation, premix burner was responsive to the variation of fuel characteristic, and the stability of flame depends on equation and chemical kinetics.Lose flame holding and can cause pressure oscillation and vibrations and acoustics sympathetic response, this can cause the infringement and the degeneration of thermal part.Yet (,, can detect or utilize these characteristics to come the operation of assisted combustion device according to embodiments more of the present invention.)
Example
The burner performance can record or detect in several ways.For example, can directly determine the performance of burner, maybe can directly measure or detect performance by the feature of determining fuel by the performance characteristic of determining burner.At two embodiment, by increasing the composition that additive (for example Huo Xing material, resistant activity material or inert diluent) changes burning to fuel.This direct measure is as the input in the feedback control loop, and indirect measure can be used as the input in the FEEDFORWARD CONTROL loop.
Combustibility can directly be determined by the performance characteristic of determining burner.For example, determine stability by the indication of the flame location in the measurement burner, for example chemiluminescence of flame, or determine stable by the intermittence (for example obtaining) of flame detection by sound and the light of surveying the flame generation.Fig. 2 shows example system according to an embodiment of the invention, that be used for directly determining combustibility.As shown in Figure 2, this system comprises: fuel channel 105, detection system 110, controller 115 (for example to control propellant composition or stable risk assessment, data record and radiation expection are provided) from detection system 110 access informations, the information of using controller 115 to provide is controlled the additive system 120 of fuel additive, and the burner 125 of burning fuel.
Fig. 3 shows illustrative methods according to an embodiment of the invention, that be used for directly determining combustibility.Use detection system to determine at least one combustion characteristics in step 205.For example, can measure flame or burner characteristic (as dynamic pressure oscillation).The pressure oscillation of these dynamic attitudes can be measured by pressure sensor, and this pressure sensor shows that as the function of time the pressure in the burner changes.In step 210, controller analytic combustion characteristic.Therefore, can for example determine that by analyzing dynamic pressure oscillation operation is average, or compare with predefined threshold value.Worsen if the analysis showed that the performance of combustion chamber, then need to change the composition of fuel.In step 215, come the output of self-controller to determine whether the composition of fuel should change to proofread and correct the dynamic problem of burning.If do not indicate problem (for example, propellant composition is positioned at the default tolerance interval of burner work), in step 220, with the data storage, and the continuous monitoring system.If existing problems (for example, propellant composition has exceeded the tolerance interval of predefined burner operation), then in step 225, the appropriate change of determining to carry out propellant composition (for example, proper additive is increased to fuel supply with in).To determining of changing of propellant composition can be for example by the calculating of the flame attribute of the Heuristics of specific combustion system or stability index or fluctuation or other information or method are determined.In step 230, the signal that the additive that will show certain particular magnitude need be mixed in the fuel stream is sent to additive system.In step 235, correspondingly adjust the fuel (for example, by opening or adjust valve) that enters burner.Therefore, in this embodiment, the fuel that enters into burner is adjusted to by increasing additive, has to produce more stable flame burning chamber feature.These steps comprise the feedback control loop that needs iteration or other technologies to optimize additive treating.
Combustibility also can be by measuring fuel feature (for example, chemical composition, density and caloric value) and infer burning behavior and definite indirectly.Fig. 4 shows example system according to an embodiment of the invention, that be used for determining indirectly combustibility.
As shown in Figure 4, this system comprises: fuel channel 305; The burner 325 of burning fuel; Detection system 310; Controller 315 adds or selects how many fuel additives to be transported to the additive of fuel with change from detection system stored information and definite the needs; Additive system 320 is in order to store and to control flow to the additive of fuel channel.
Fig. 5 shows illustrative methods according to an embodiment of the invention, that be used for determining indirectly combustibility.In step 405, detection system is determined the characteristic of fuel.Therefore, detection system can for example utilize FTIR spectrometer (spectrometer) to measure each chemical substance that constitutes fuel.In step 410, controller is analyzed the characterisitic parameter of fuel.For example, controller utilizes propellant composition to calculate the amount of adjustment, for example flame speed, and/or wobbe index or other index of stability.In step 415, the output of analyzer-controller determines whether that needing to change propellant composition reaches adjustment purpose (for example, falling into predefined scope).For example, if the composition of fuel goes wrong to such an extent as to adjustment amount demonstrates the stability of flame changing, then before combustion problem is outstanding, change composition.If the value of regulated quantity does not need to change, in step 420, data are stored so, and continue the monitoring regulated quantity.If the value of regulated quantity does not need to change, in step 425, determine the change that to carry out so.The propellant composition that need be used for changing the value of regulated quantity changes to be needed to increase necessity that diluent or active material obtain to burn characteristic and changes.In step 430, determine appropriate change to propellant composition.For instance, determine adjusting, with the stability of keeping flame and/or the radiation of pollutant to propellant composition.In the step 435, send signal to additive system 320 and control the diluent or the active material that will be mixed in the fuel stream, thus the value that obtains required composition and therefore obtain regulated quantity.In step 440, adjust the fuel enter burner, correspondingly improving the stability characteristic of flame, thus the pressure oscillation in the minimized burner.
Other purposes of the information that embodiment uses and generated.
As previously mentioned, embodiment of the present invention can be used for smooth combustion device (in the burner of premix and non-premixed material), thereby compensation is with the influence of time dependent propellant composition and burning attribute.In addition, it also is useful measuring the propellant composition of importing.For example, can use the radiation of the reason that therefrom can determine the burner fault (for example to expect, chemical component prediction radiation levels based on the measurement of fuel), the risk assessment of stability (as because the blowing-out that the chemical composition of measurement produces or flare back) and stored record.Another application is to utilize composition and/or flame speed information, comes the risk of burner loss of stability is assessed continuously.In addition, according to the operating parameter of burner, can utilize propellant composition information to replenish the radiation of calculating burner NOx.An embodiment also can be used with alternative burner or stove, and purpose is to adjust the composition of the fuel be fed to a large amount of burners (promptly needn't monitor other burners and obtain the burner of fuel from fuels sources).Another embodiment can also be used for being sent to by customization the fuel of each burner, controls single burner.Those skilled in the art will appreciate that such use only is exemplary, other more applications also are possible.
According to top embodiment the present invention has been described.This only is for purpose easily, rather than is used for limiting application of the present invention.In fact, those skilled in the art should be appreciated that how to realize the present invention by the embodiment of replacing after reading specification of the present invention.
In addition, should be appreciated that above-mentioned accompanying drawing (having given prominence to function of the present invention and beneficial effect) also only is exemplary.Framework of the present invention has sufficient flexibility and configurability, thereby makes it to use in the mode except the mode that shows in above-mentioned figure.
Further, the specification digest purpose is to make the patent and trademark management board and the public institution of the U.S., especially the people who in scientist, engineer and this area patent or legal language and wording is not familiar with can determine disclosing of art invention the application in fast speed ground by browsing roughly.Open summary can not limit protection scope of the present invention on any degree.
Claims (31)
1. a fuel is supplied with Adjustment System, is used for and has the burner that fuel supplies with and use together, and described system comprises:
Sensor is used to described fuel-device to detect the characteristic relevant with burning;
Processor is used for describedly comparing with relevant characteristic and the acceptable scope of burning detected, and is used for providing when detected combustion characteristics exceeds described acceptable scope output; And
The additive feedway is used for that additive is supplied to described fuel and supplies with, and described additive feedway triggers by the output of described processor.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the detected described characteristic relevant with burning is the detected fuel characteristic that is used for described fuel supply.
3. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described sensor uses the method that is selected from following method to detect described fuel characteristic: infrared absorption spectrometre, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, gas chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance, mass spectrography and ion motion spectroscopic methodology.
4. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described sensor uses the device that is selected from following apparatus to detect described fuel characteristic: flame ionization detector (FID), hot conduction measurement device, thermal capacitance measurement mechanism, acoustic velocity measutement device and density measuring equipment.
5. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described fuel characteristic comprises one of propellant composition, fuel combustion attribute and fuel flow rate at least.
6. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, detected described fuel characteristic is detected fuel combustion attribute, wherein, described sensor further detects fuel flow rate, described acceptable scope is the default combination range that is used for fuel combustion attribute and fuel flow rate, if and detected described fuel characteristic and fuel flow rate are when being lower than described default combination range, described additive comprises combustion enhancer, if and detected described fuel characteristic and fuel flow rate be when being higher than described default combination range, described additive comprises the burning delayer.
7. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described additive is selected from combustion enhancer and burning delayer.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described combustion enhancer comprises hydrogen, acetylene, oxygen, oxygen-enriched air and nitrous oxide.
9. system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described burning delayer is a selected inert diluent from exhaust, water and the steam of nitrogen, oxygen denuded air, carbon dioxide, recirculation.
10. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described sensor detects the fuel performance index.
11. system as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described fuel performance index is selected from wobbe index and the Weaver index.
12. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described characteristic relevant with burning is the combustion characteristics that is used for described burner.
13. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein, the described combustion characteristics that is used for burner comprises flame characteristics.
14. system as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described flame characteristics is selected from: the composition of the flicker of flame, flame color, flame product, flame location and flame concussion.
15. system as claimed in claim 13, wherein said sensor comprises chemiluminescence detector, flame scanner, accelerometer, imaging combustion device, pressure sensor, sonic sensor, motion sensor and flame detector.
16. system as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described sensor is determined one of combustion stability and combustibility.
17. system as claimed in claim 16, wherein, described combustion stability is determined by one of measuring chamber internal pressure and room pressure fluctuation.
18. system as claimed in claim 16, wherein, the steady temperature of flame is fixed by measuring for described combustibility, the temperature of exhaust and radiation content are determined.
19. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described sensor comprises one of pressure sensor, sound transducer, shock sensor and motion sensor.
20. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described burner is a turbine.
21. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described burner is a reciprocating engine.
22. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described fuel is supplied with and is the natural gas supply.
23. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described additive is supplied with and is provided from the additive supply source.
24. the system as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described additive is supplied with by supplying with controlling mechanism controlled.
25. system as claimed in claim 23, wherein, described supply controlling mechanism comprises metering valve.
26. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described device that is used to handle comprises analog controller and digital computer.
27. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, detected described and the relevant characteristic of burning are used for being controlled to be the fuel of second burner and supply with the supply of supplying additive.
28. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described fuel supply with the additive that is supplied to is connected to second burner.
29. a fuel feed control is used for using with the burner with fuel supply, described system comprises:
Sensor detects propellant composition and fuelling rate;
Treating apparatus is used for described propellant composition and described fuelling rate and their acceptable scope are compared, and supplies with at described propellant composition and described fuel output is provided when having exceeded described acceptable scope; And
The additive feedway, be used to the additive that described fuel is supplied with provides selection, the described output triggering of supplying with additive that selection is provided by described treating apparatus for fuel, wherein, the additive of described selection is selected from combustion enhancer and burning delayer, and described additive is supplied with has additive supply rate, and described additive supply rate is selected as, can produce the fuel and the additive of combination, the fuel of described combination and additive produce the combustion characteristics in the preselected scope.
30. a fuel feed control is used for using with the burner with fuel supply, described system comprises:
Sensor is used to detect the combustion characteristics that is used for described burner;
Processor, be used for detected described combustion characteristics and the acceptable scope that is used for burner compared, and provide second output when when detected combustion characteristics has exceeded described acceptable scope, providing first output and detected combustion characteristics to be positioned at described acceptable scope; And
The additive feedway is used to described fuel to supply with additive is provided, and the supply of described additive is by the described first output triggering, and what described additive was supplied with determines by the described second output triggering.
31. a method that is used to the combustion apparatus fuel metering to supply with, described method comprises:
Detection is used for the characteristic relevant with burning of described fuel-device;
Detected described characteristic and the acceptable scope relevant with burning are compared, to generate comparative result; And
According to comparative result, change ground additive is supplied to described fuel supply.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US53571604P | 2004-01-12 | 2004-01-12 | |
| US60/535,716 | 2004-01-12 | ||
| US60/634,286 | 2004-12-09 |
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| CN1910402A true CN1910402A (en) | 2007-02-07 |
| CN100529537C CN100529537C (en) | 2009-08-19 |
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| CNB2005800023197A Active CN100529537C (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2005-01-12 | System and method for flame stabilization and control |
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