CN1909005A

CN1909005A - Fuel cell measurement control device using dual CAN bus redundancy communication

Info

Publication number: CN1909005A
Application number: CNA2005100284080A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王立明; 葛栩栩; 胡里清
Original assignee: Shanghai Shen Li High Tech Co Ltd
Current assignee: State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd; Shanghai Shenli Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2005-08-03
Filing date: 2005-08-03
Publication date: 2007-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2025-08-03
Also published as: CN100483475C

Abstract

The related fuel cell control device with dual CAN bus for redundancy communication comprises: a signal detection module, a voltage monitor module, a system control module, some CANS transceivers, the superior computer, and the dual-way CAN bus, wherein the superior computer includes a CPU, two-way CAN transceiver, a photoelectric isolation chip, and a CAN interface.

Description

Fuel cell measurement control device adopting double-CAN bus redundant communication

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fuel cell, in particular to a fuel cell measurement control device adopting dual CAN bus redundant communication.

Background

An electrochemical fuel cell is a device capable of converting hydrogen and an oxidant into electrical energy and reaction products. The inner core component of the device is a Membrane Electrode (MEA), which is composed of a proton exchange Membrane and two porous conductive materials sandwiched between two surfaces of the Membrane, such as carbon paper. The membrane contains a uniform and finely dispersed catalyst, such as a platinum metal catalyst, for initiating an electrochemical reaction at the interface between the membrane and the carbon paper. The electrons generated in the electrochemical reaction process can be led out by conductive objects at two sides of the membrane electrode through an external circuit to form a current loop.

At the anode end of the membrane electrode, fuel can permeate through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and undergo electrochemical reaction on the surface of a catalyst to lose electrons to form positive ions, and the positive ions can pass through a proton exchange membrane through migration to reach the cathode end at the other end of the membrane electrode. At the cathode end of the membrane electrode, a gas containing an oxidant (e.g., oxygen), such as air, forms negative ions by permeating through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and electrochemically reacting on the surface of the catalyst to give electrons. The anions formed at the cathode end react with the positive ions transferred from the anode end to form reaction products.

In a pem fuel cell using hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen-containing air as the oxidant (or pure oxygen as the oxidant), the catalytic electrochemical reaction of the fuel hydrogen in the anode region produces hydrogen cations (or protons). The proton exchange membrane assists the migration of positive hydrogen ions from the anode region to the cathode region. In addition, the proton exchange membrane separates the hydrogen-containing fuel gas stream from the oxygen-containing gas stream so that they do not mix with each other to cause explosive reactions.

In the cathode region, oxygen gains electrons on the catalyst surface, forming negative ions, which react with the hydrogen positive ions transported from the anode region to produce water as a reaction product. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen, air (oxygen), the anode reaction and the cathode reaction can be expressed by the following equations:

and (3) anode reaction:

and (3) cathode reaction:

in a typical pem fuel cell, a Membrane Electrode (MEA) is generally placed between two conductive plates, and the surface of each guide plate in contact with the MEA is die-cast, stamped, or mechanically milled to form at least one or more channels. The flow guide polar plates can be polar plates made of metal materials or polar plates made of graphite materials. The fluid pore channels and the diversion trenches on the diversion polar plates respectively guide the fuel and the oxidant into the anode area and the cathode area on two sides of the membrane electrode. In the structure of a single proton exchange membrane fuel cell, only one membrane electrode is present, and a guide plate of anode fuel and a guide plate of cathode oxidant are respectively arranged on two sides of the membrane electrode. The guide plates are used as current collector plates and mechanical supports at two sides of the membrane electrode, and the guide grooves on the guide plates are also used as channels for fuel and oxidant to enter the surfaces of the anode and the cathode and as channels for taking away water generated in the operation process of the fuel cell.

In order to increase the total power of the whole proton exchange membrane fuel cell, two or more single cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack in a straight-stacked manner or connected in a flat-laid manner to form a battery pack. In thedirect-stacking and serial-type battery pack, two surfaces of one polar plate can be provided with flow guide grooves, wherein one surface can be used as an anode flow guide surface of one membrane electrode, and the other surface can be used as a cathode flow guide surface of another adjacent membrane electrode, and the polar plate is called a bipolar plate. A series of cells are connected together in a manner to form a battery pack. The battery pack is generally fastened together into one body by a front end plate, a rear end plate and a tie rod.

A typical battery pack generally includes: (1) the fuel (such as hydrogen, methanol or hydrogen-rich gas obtained by reforming methanol, natural gas and gasoline) and the oxidant (mainly oxygen or air) are uniformly distributed in the diversion trenches of the anode surface and the cathode surface; (2) the inlet and outlet of cooling fluid (such as water) and the flow guide channel uniformly distribute the cooling fluid into the cooling channels in each battery pack, and the heat generated by the electrochemical exothermic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell is absorbed and taken out of the battery pack for heat dissipation; (3) the outlets of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas and the corresponding flow guide channels can carry out liquid and vapor water generated in the fuel cell when the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are discharged. Typically, all fuel, oxidant, and cooling fluid inlets and outlets are provided in one or both end plates of the fuel cell stack.

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used as a power system of vehicles such as vehicles and ships, and can also be used as a mobile or fixed power station.

The pem fuel cell is generally composed of several single cells, which are connected in series or in parallel to form a pem fuel cell stack, and the pem fuel cell stack is combined with other operation support systems to form the whole pem fuel cell power generation system.

Because each proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack module is generally formed by connecting a plurality of single cells in series or in parallel, the monitoring and the automatic safety alarm control of the working voltage of the fuel cell, particularly the working voltage of all the single cells, are particularly important. The former CAN bus has been used better in fuel cell measurement control systems. The CAN is a multi-master bus, belongs to the field bus category, the topological structure of the network is a bus type, and the CAN is a serial communication network which effectively supports distributed control or real-time control, and the communication medium CAN be a twisted pair, a coaxial cable or an optical fiber. The CAN protocol is based on the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model of the international standards organization and is widely used in the field of discrete control. The CAN bus has the characteristics of high communication speed, quick response time, high reliability, convenience in connection, high cost performance and the like. When a fuel cell measurement control system with extremely high reliability requirement exists, a single CAN bus has certain defects in reliability.

See fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, in the conventional control method, a single CAN bus communication system structure is adopted. The system comprises an upper computer 1, a CAN transceiver 2, a CAN bus 3, a signal measuring module 4, a voltage monitoring module 5 and a system control module 7. And the measurement signal acquired by the signal measurement module, the fuel cell voltage monitoring signal, the system control signal and the like are all sent to an upper control PC through a single CAN bus. The method has the following defects:

1. with only one communication line, communication is interrupted when the communication medium is disconnected or thejoint connection is not secure.

2. Each board card only has one CAN controller and transceiver, and when the CAN controller and the transceiver fail, the communication of the board card is interrupted.

The two situations are frequently encountered in practical application, and when communication is in failure, a fuel cell engine or a fuel cell power generation system is forced to stop working, so that inconvenience is brought to users.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a fuel cell measurement control device adopting dual CAN bus redundant communication.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: adopt fuel cell measurement control device of two CAN bus redundant communication, including signal measurement module, voltage monitoring module, system control module, a plurality of CAN transceiver, host computer and CAN bus, its characterized in that, the CAN bus be two the tunnel, voltage monitoring module, signal measurement module, system control module be connected with two tunnel independent CAN transceivers respectively, the host computer include CPU, two tunnel CAN transceivers, photoelectric isolation chip and CAN interface card.

Two CAN transceivers CAN1 and CAN2 included in the voltage monitoring module, the signal measuring module and the system control module are respectively connected with two independent CAN buses CAN1BUS and CAN2 BUS for communication, and receive and transmit the same data.

Two tunnel CAN buses in be the main communication line all the way, be the hot reserve line all the way, the host computer is at same time point, only uses two tunnel CAN buses to transmit CAN data allthe way, when CAN trouble all the way, the host computer reports the mistake to another way CAN data of using immediately, the assurance system communication is normal, when two tunnel CAN data all take place the mistake, the host computer control stops fuel cell power generation system's work.

The two CAN buses CAN adopt a twisted pair with shielding. To improve the interference immunity of the communication.

The upper computer CPU is internally provided with a CAN controller which is connected with a CAN transceiver and a photoelectric isolation chip to form a CAN communication interface.

The upper computer adopts an intelligent CAN interface card, and the CAN interface card is connected with two CAN buses.

The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art by adopting the technical scheme. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantage of high communication reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single CAN bus communication system of a conventional fuel cell;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell dual CAN bus communication system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 2 includes an upper computer 1, a CAN1 transceiver 2, a CAN2 transceiver 2 ', a CAN1BUS 3, a CAN2 BUS 3', a signal measurement module 4, a voltage monitoring module 5, a system control module 7, and a CAN interface card 8.

Example1

The method of the present invention is further described in connection with specific device models.

Referring to fig. 2, the signal measuring module 4 and the voltage monitoring module 5 have the functions of monitoring the operating voltage of each unit cell of the 1-200 kw fuel cell, transmitting each measured electrode voltage signal to the controller through the CAN 13 every 200ms, and simultaneously transmitting the same data to the CAN 23'.

The signal measuring module 4 is used for measuring data such as the output current of the fuel cell, the temperature of cooling water and the like, sending the measured data to the upper computer 1 through the CAN 13 every 100ms, and sending the same data to the CAN 23'.

The upper computer 1 receives data such as the electrode working condition, the output current, the cooling water temperature and the like of the fuel cell through CAN 13 and CAN 23', and regulates a fan, a water discharge electromagnetic valve, a cooling fan and the like according to the data to control the normal, safe and reliable operation of the fuel cell.

The upper computer 1 simultaneously receives the data of the CAN 13 and the CAN 23', and when one transceiver fails or a communication line is disconnected, the normal communication and operation of the fuel cell power generation system cannot be influenced. When the controller detects that both CAN 13 and CAN 23' CAN not work normally, the operation of the fuel cell power generation system is stopped.

The CPU in the upper computer 1 adopts a 32-bit ARM chip LPC2119 controller of PHILIPS company. The LPC2119 is provided with a 2-channel CAN controller, and the periphery is provided with a photoelectric isolation chip and 2 CAN transceivers 2 and 2', so that an isolated double-CAN communication interface CAN be convenientlyformed. The upper computer 1 also adopts a PCI5121 intelligent CAN interface card 8 of Zhou Li Gong company to realize the conversion of double CAN, and is connected with a fuel cell power generation system control system CAN1BUS 3 and a CAN2 BUS 3', and the functions of monitoring, debugging and the like of the fuel cell power generation system are realized through PC software.

Claims

1. Adopt fuel cell measurement control device of two CAN bus redundant communication, including signal measurement module, voltage monitoring module, system control module, a plurality of CAN transceiver, host computer and CAN bus, its characterized in that, the CAN bus be two the tunnel, voltage monitoring module, signal measurement module, system control module be connected with two tunnel independent CAN transceivers respectively, the host computer include CPU, two tunnel CAN transceivers, photoelectric isolation chip and CAN interface card.

2. The fuel cell measurement control device adopting dual-CAN-BUS redundant communication according to claim 1, wherein two CAN transceivers CAN1 and CAN2 included in the voltage monitoring module, the signal measurement module and the system control module are respectively connected with two independent CAN-BUS CAN1BUS and CAN2 BUS for communication, and receive and transmit the same data.

3. The fuel cell measurement control device adopting dual-CAN-bus redundant communication according to claim 1, wherein one of the two CAN buses is a main communication line, the other is a hot backup line, the upper computer only uses the one CAN data transmitted from the two CAN buses at the same time point, when the one CAN fails, the upper computer reports an error and immediately uses the other CAN data, so that normal system communication is ensured, and when the two CAN data both fail, the upper computer controls to stop the fuel cell power generation system.

4. The fuel cell measurement control device using dual CAN bus redundant communication of claim 1, wherein said two CAN buses CAN use shielded twisted pair wires.

5. The fuel cell measurement control device adopting dual-CAN bus redundant communication according to claim 1, wherein the upper computer CPU is provided with a CAN controller therein, and is connected with a CAN transceiver and a photoelectric isolation chip to form a CAN communication interface.

6. The fuel cell measurement and control device using dual CAN bus redundant communication of claim 1, wherein the host computer uses an intelligent CAN interface card, which connects two CAN buses.