CN1905205B

CN1905205B - Organic electroluminescent element and organic electroluminescent display device

Info

Publication number: CN1905205B
Application number: CN2006101089056A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 西村和树; 浜田祐次
Original assignee: Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2005-07-29
Filing date: 2006-07-28
Publication date: 2012-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 2026-07-28
Also published as: CN1905205A; JP2007035579A

Abstract

The invention provides an organic electroluminescent element comprising a cathode, an anode, a plurality of light emitting units layered and arranged between the cathode and the anode via an intermediate unit, a cavity adjustment layer formed between the light emitting unit nearest to the anode and the anode, and an electron extracting layer formed adjacently to the cavity adjustment layer in the light emitting unit side and is characterized in that the film thickness of the cavity adjustment layer is adjusted to adjust the optical distance from the light emitting position of each light emitting unit to the anode.

Description

Organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same

Technical field

The present invention relates to organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same.

Background technology

Organic electroluminescent device (organic EL) from the viewpoint that is applied to show and throw light on, is being developed actively.The drive principle of organic EL is following.That is, from anode and negative electrode injected hole and electronics, these are transferred in organic film respectively, in luminescent layer, combine, produce excited state again, can obtain luminous from this excited state.In order to improve luminous efficiency, expeditiously injected hole and electronics, to make it in organic film to carry be necessary.But, the migration of charge carrier in the organic EL, owing to low being restricted of carrier mobility in energy barrier between electrode and organic film and the organic film, so, boundary is also arranged in the raising of luminous efficiency.

On the other hand, as other method that luminous efficiency is improved, can enumerate the method for a plurality of luminescent layers of lamination.For example, by the direct orange light emitting layer and the blue light-emitting layer of lamination with complementary color relation contiguously, high luminous efficiency in the time of can obtaining than 1 layer sometimes.For example, the luminous efficiency of blue light-emitting layer is 10cd/A, when the luminous efficiency of orange light emitting layer is 8cd/A, lamination these when becoming white-light luminescent component, can obtain the luminous efficiency of 15cd/A.

But, when a plurality of luminescent layer of lamination, because there are a plurality of light-emitting zones, so, the problem that exists the cavity adjustment to become difficult.That is, in light, the light and the light that is radiated into cathode side of the anode-side of being radiated into is arranged, because negative electrode is generally formed by reflection electrode, so the light that is radiated into cathode side reflects, is radiated into anode-side at negative electrode from luminescent layer.Like this, in organic EL, because there is the optical interference that produces by dual path, so the optical distance in the adjustment element, raising become important from the light quantity that element penetrates in design.

Open in 2003-272860 communique and the Te Kai 2004-342614 communique the spy, in the organic EL of a plurality of luminescence units of lamination, by the blooming of adjusting each luminescence unit respectively, carry out the adjustment of above-mentioned cavity.But, each luminescence unit, when adjustment constituted the bed thickness of luminescence unit, the carrier balance in each luminescence unit just changed, and element characteristic itself just has big variation, has the problem that can not obtain desirable characteristic thus.

In addition, in organic EL, between electrode and luminescent layer, operated by rotary motion is useful on and makes charge transport layer that hole or electronics transfer and electric charge injection layer etc.

Open in the 2003-151776 communique the spy; Proposition is the structure from anode-side to cathode side lamination hole injection layer, hole transporting layer, electron trapping layer, luminescent layer and electron supplying layer, and the conduction band lowest energy level of electron trapping layer mother metal is lower than the conduction band lowest energy level of hole transporting layer mother metal and the conduction band lowest energy level of luminescent layer mother metal.Thus, prevent the mother metal deterioration of the hole transporting layer of anode-side.

Open in the 2004-207000 communique the spy; Proposition is on the interface of adjacent 2 layers hole transporting layer; The scheme of the mixed layer that existence is formed by the constituent material that mixes adjacent hole transporting layer; Thus, the adaptation between the adjacent 2 layers charge transport layer is improved, explanation can improve luminous efficiency and brightness life-span.

Open in the 2003-229269 communique the spy, propose, cathode buffer layer and the electron supplying layer of lamination more than at least 2 times alternately, the scheme of control electron transport efficient through between negative electrode and luminescent layer.

In the past, as hole transporting layer, can use NPB (N; N '-two (aphthacene-1-yl)-N, N '-diphenylbenzidine) etc. tertiary aromatic amine class material, but in order to adjust cavity; During the thickness of the hole transporting layer that constitutes by this NPB etc. when thickening; Because the carrier mobility of cavity conveying property materials such as NPB is low, so, the problem that exists driving voltage to uprise.Therefore, even require the thickness of thickening NPB etc. at present, also can reduce the component structure of the organic EL of driving voltage.

In addition, in OLED display, there is the visual angle interdependence, picture tone vicissitudinous slightly problem on positive and inclined-plane is arranged.Visual angle interdependence in the OLED display, when the inclined-plane was seen, the image inversion degree was big unlike the LCD that kind.Its reason be because the difference of the refractive index that the organic layer that constitutes organic EL and inorganic layer (ITO film) wait is big and organic EL in negative electrode bring into play the effect of speculum, the cause of generation optical interference in element.Visual angle interdependence that this is small, because be the display quality of infringement OLED display, so, preferably make it to reduce.But the motion that the visual angle interdependence can fully be reduced does not also occur.

On the other hand, OLED display is expected with display as portable machine, requires low consumption electric power and long-life.The applicant is by across a plurality of luminescent layers of temporary location lamination, and discovery can realize the reduction of consumes electric power and the raising in life-span (spy opens the 2006-49396 communique).But, in this patent documentation, the visual angle interdependence is had no open.

Open in the 2003-272860 communique the spy; The scheme of a plurality of luminescent layers of lamination is disclosed; Record in 2 light sources; Through being 1/4 λ from the near side's of reflecting electrode the light source and the distance setting of reflecting electrode, will be 3/4 λ from a reflecting electrode side's far away light source and the distance setting of reflecting electrode, improve brightness and luminous efficiency.By such setting, become maximum really to the light intensity of frontal, but on bevel direction (for example 60 °), intensity decreases on the contrary, it is big that the visual angle interdependence becomes, and display quality significantly descends.

At SYNTHESIS, April in 1994,378～380 pages " Improved Synthesis of1; 4,5,8; 9,12-Hexaazatriphenylenehexacarboxylic Acid ", discloses the synthetic method of the six azepine triphenylene derivatives that use in the present invention.

Summary of the invention

First purpose of the present invention is that being provided at lamination has in the organic EL of a plurality of luminescence units, does not change the thickness in each luminescence unit, can easily adjust the organic EL of cavity, and the organic EL display that uses this element.

Second purpose of the present invention is, provides and can adjust cavity, and have high-luminous-efficiency, and driving voltage is descended, and can improve the organic EL of reliability, and organic EL display.

The 3rd purpose of the present invention is, the organic EL that the visual angle interdependence is descended is provided.

< first aspect of the present invention >

Organic EL of the present invention; It is characterized in that; The a plurality of luminescence units that have negative electrode, anode and between negative electrode and anode, dispose across temporary location; Between anode nearest luminescence unit and anode, also have: adjustment is adjusted layer from the luminous position of each luminescence unit to the cavity of the optical distance of anode; Pull out (electron extraction) layer with the electronics that is adjacent to cavity adjustment layer, be arranged on the luminescence unit side.

In the present invention, between nearest luminescence unit of anode and negative electrode, being provided with cavity adjustment layer,, can adjust optical distance from the luminous position of each luminescence unit to anode by the thickness of adjustment cavity adjustment layer.Therefore, do not make Thickness Variation in each luminescence unit, just can adjust cavity.Therefore, do not give the big variation of element characteristic, just can adjust cavity.According to the present invention; Can adjust the light path when the luminous position of each luminescence unit is radiated into the anode-side of transparency electrode; Optical interference with the light path of the negative electrode reflection that is radiated into cathode side, being reflected property electrode, directive anode-side produces can improve the light extraction amount from element.

In the present invention, in the luminescence unit side of cavity adjustment layer, be adjacent to cavity adjustment layer, electronics is set pulls out layer.This electronics is pulled out layer and is pulled out electronics, the luminescence unit side is supplied with in consequent hole from the layer that is adjacent to the luminescence unit side, and, the electronics of pulling out is supplied with anode-side.Being adjacent to this electronics and pulling out the layer of layer, can be the layer in the luminescence unit, also can be the layer that does not comprise in the luminescence unit.That is, electronics is pulled out layer and can be adjacent to luminescence unit, also can be adjacent to layer beyond the luminescence unit.

Be provided with electronics by luminescence unit side and pull out layer, can prolong the life characteristic of organic EL at cavity adjustment layer.

In the present invention, through the thickness of adjustment cavity adjustment layer, the optical distance of adjustment from the luminous position of each luminescence unit to anode.Therefore, constitute the material of cavity adjustment layer, preferably by the Thickness Variation material few to the influence of the characteristics of luminescence.Generally, when thickening the thickness of the organic layer that constitutes organic EL, driving voltage increases, and luminous efficiency descends.From reducing the viewpoint of such influence, constitute the material of cavity adjustment layer of the present invention, preferred carrier mobility is 1 * 10 ^-6Cm ²The material that/Vs is above can more preferably use to have 1 * 10 ^-4Cm ²The material of the above carrier mobility of/Vs.Cavity adjustment layer among the present invention is preferably formed by cavity conveying property material, and therefore, its hole mobility is preferably 1 * 10 ^-6Cm ²/ Vs is above, more preferably 1 * 10 ^-4Cm ²More than/the Vs.Carrier mobility can be measured by Time of Flight method.

In addition, cavity of the present invention adjustment layer, the light when being released to the outside at the selfluminous cell in future can can't harm the lost territory and externally take out, so, consider and the matching of other organic layer that its refractive index is preferably in 1.6～1.8 scope.For example on silicon substrate, form the film of the determination object of thickness 100nm, can utilize polarised light ellipticity analyzer to measure refractive index.As the light source of polarised light ellipticity analyzer, for example can use the He-Ne laser (wavelength 632.8nm) of power output as 1mW.

In addition, constitute the material of cavity adjustment layer of the present invention, preferred thickness is 1 μ m, the material that sees through the visible light of the wavelength 400nm～700nm scope more than 50%.Thus, can prevent to be absorbed, decay significantly by cavity adjustment layer from the light of each luminescence unit.

Cavity layer of the present invention as stated, for example can be formed by cavity conveying property material.As such cavity conveying property material, can enumerate arylamine hole conveying property material.

In addition, in the present invention, can be adjacent to cavity adjustment layer, in anode-side second electronics is set and pull out layer.Pull out layer by second electronics is set in anode-side, can improve the thermal endurance and the light resistance of organic EL.

Electronics of the present invention is pulled out layer, for example can be formed by the pyrazines derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following.

(here, Ar representes aryl, and R representes alkyl, alkoxyl, dialkyl amido or F, Cl, Br, I or the CN of hydrogen, carbon number 1～10.)

In the present invention, more preferably form electronics and pull out layer by the six azepine triphenylene derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following.

(here, R representes alkyl, alkoxyl, dialkyl amido or F, Cl, Br, I or the CN of hydrogen, carbon number 1～10.)

In organic EL of the present invention, between negative electrode and anode, be provided with a plurality of luminescence units.These a plurality of luminescence units are across the temporary location lamination.As temporary location, preferably have and be used for pulling out layer and being adjacent to the unit of electron injecting layer that electronics is pulled out the anode-side of layer from the electronics that the adjoining course that is adjacent to cathode side is pulled out electronics.In addition; Electronics is pulled out the absolute value of energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (LUMO) of layer | LUMO (A) | with the absolute value of the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of adjoining course | HOMO (B) | have | HOMO (B) |-| LUMO (A) | the relation of≤1.5eV; The absolute value of the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of electron injecting layer (LUMO) | LUMO (C) | or work function absolute value | WF (C) |, preferably less than | LUMO (A) |.

Temporary location is pulled out layer and is pulled out electronics from adjoining course by being arranged on electronics in the temporary location, the luminescence unit that is positioned at cathode side is supplied with in consequent hole, and the electronics of pulling out is supplied with the luminescence unit that is positioned at anode-side through electron injecting layer.

Below, in the explanation of temporary location, the luminescence unit that will be positioned at cathode side describes as first luminescence unit, and the luminescence unit that will be positioned at anode-side describes as second luminescence unit.

As stated; In temporary location; The absolute value of the energy level of the HOMO of adjoining course | HOMO (B) | pull out the absolute value of energy level of the LUMO of layer with electronics | LUMO (A) | have | HOMO (B) |-| LUMO (A) | the energy level that the relation of≤1.5eV, electronics are pulled out the LUMO of layer preferably becomes the energy level value of the HOMO that is similar to adjoining course.Thus, electronics is pulled out layer and can be pulled out electronics from adjoining course.Through pulling out electronics, produce the hole at adjoining course from this adjoining course.When adjoining course is set in first luminescence unit, in first luminescence unit, produce the hole.In addition, adjoining course is set at electronics when pulling out between the layer and first luminescence unit, and when promptly being set in the temporary location, the hole that produces at adjoining course is fed into first luminescence unit.Be fed into the hole of first luminescence unit, combine with electronics from negative electrode again, thus, first luminescence unit is luminous.

On the other hand, pulled out the electronics that layer is pulled out by electronics, move to electron injecting layer, be fed into second luminescence unit from electron injecting layer again, combine with the hole of supplying with from anode again, thus, second luminescence unit is luminous.

In addition, in temporary location, pull out electronics from adjoining course because electronics is pulled out layer, so, electronics pull out layer LUMO energy level preferably than the energy level of the LUMO of adjoining course more near the energy level of the HOMO of adjoining course.That is the absolute value of the energy level of the LUMO of adjoining course, | LUMO (B) | preferred satisfied following relation.

|HOMO(B)|-|LUMO(A)|＜|LUMO(A)|-|LUMO(B)|

In addition, pull out the absolute value of energy level of the LUMO of the material that layer uses as electronics, usually less than the absolute value of the energy level of the HOMO of adjoining course, so at this moment, the absolute value of energy level is separately represented in order to relational expression down.

0eV＜|HOMO(B)|-|LUMO(A)|≤1.5eV

The absolute value of the energy level of the LUMO of electron injecting layer | LUMO (C) | or the work function absolute value | WF (C) |; Preferably pull out the absolute value of energy level of the LUMO of layer less than electronics | LUMO (A) |; Thus; Pull out the electronics that layer is pulled out from electronics, move to electron injecting layer, supply with second luminescence unit from electron injecting layer.

Between the electron injecting layer in temporary location and second luminescence unit, electron supplying layer is set preferably.The absolute value of the energy level of the LUMO of electron supplying layer | LUMO (D) |, preferably less than the absolute value of the energy level of the LUMO of electron injecting layer | LUMO (C) | or the work function absolute value | WF (C) |.When being provided with electron supplying layer, the electronics of moving to electron injecting layer is through electron supplying layer, supply second luminescence unit.Therefore, temporary location is pulled out a layer electronics of pulling out through electron injecting layer and electron supplying layer with electronics and is supplied with second luminescence unit.

Electronics in the temporary location is pulled out layer, can pull out the same material of layer by the electronics that is provided with the cavity adjustment layer that is adjacent to the invention described above and form.That is, can form, more preferably can form by the six azepine triphenylene derivatives that the said structure formula is represented by the pyrazines derivatives that the said structure formula is represented.

In addition, the electron injecting layer in the temporary location, for example preferred alkali metal, Li by Li and Cs etc. ₂Formation such as the alkali metal oxide of O etc., alkaline-earth metal, alkaline-earth metals oxide.

In addition, the electron supplying layer in the temporary location can be formed by the material that in organic EL, generally uses as electron transport property material.For example can enumerate chelating metal complex or the neighbour of three (8-quinolinic acid) aluminium derivative etc.-or-or right-phenanthroline derivative or silole derivative 、 Huo oxadiazole derivative or triazole derivative etc.

Luminescence unit among the present invention can be formed by single luminescent layer respectively, also can be directly a plurality of luminescent layers of lamination and constituting contiguously.For example, can be the white luminous unit of lamination blue light-emitting layer and orange light emitting layer.

In addition, the luminescent layer of formation luminescence unit of the present invention is preferably formed by material of main part and dopant material.Second dopant material that also can contain as required, carrier transport property.As dopant material, can be the singlet luminescent material, also can be triplet luminescent material (phosphorescent light-emitting materials).

The organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of bottom emissive type of the present invention is characterized in that, possesses: the organic electroluminescent device with component structure of being clamped by anode and negative electrode; Be provided for the driven with active matrix substrate of supplying with the active element of organic electroluminescent device corresponding to the shows signal of each display pixel; On the driven with active matrix substrate, dispose organic electroluminescent device; This display unit is that organic electroluminescent device has: negative electrode with the organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of the electrode that is provided with in substrate-side in negative electrode and the anode as the bottom emissive type of transparency electrode; Anode; Between negative electrode and anode, across a plurality of luminescence units of temporary location configuration; Be arranged on from anode nearest luminescence unit and the adjustment of the cavity between anode layer; Pull out layer with the electronics that is adjacent to cavity adjustment layer, be arranged on the luminescence unit side, through the thickness of adjustment cavity adjustment layer, the optical distance of adjustment from the luminous position of each luminescence unit to anode.

The organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of top emission structure of the present invention is characterized in that, possesses: the organic electroluminescent device with component structure of being clamped by anode and negative electrode; Be provided for to supply with corresponding to the shows signal of each display pixel the driven with active matrix substrate of the active element of organic electroluminescent device; With the transparent sealing substrate that is oppositely arranged with this driven with active matrix substrate; Between driven with active matrix substrate and hermetic sealing substrate, dispose organic electroluminescent device; This display unit is that organic electroluminescent device has: negative electrode with the top emission structure organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of the electrode that is arranged on the hermetic sealing substrate side in negative electrode and the anode as transparency electrode; Anode; Between negative electrode and anode, across a plurality of luminescence units of temporary location configuration; Be arranged on from anode nearest luminescence unit and the adjustment of the cavity between anode layer; Pull out layer with the electronics that is adjacent to cavity adjustment layer, be arranged on the luminescence unit side, through the thickness of adjustment cavity adjustment layer, the optical distance of adjustment from the luminous position of each luminescence unit to anode.

When organic electroluminescent device is white-light luminescent component, the preferred disposition colour filter.The situation of the organic EL display of bottom emissive type preferably disposes colour filter between driven with active matrix substrate and organic EL.In addition, the situation of the organic EL display of top emission structure preferably disposes colour filter between hermetic sealing substrate and organic EL.

The light that the situation of the display unit of top emission structure, organic EL are sent penetrates from the hermetic sealing substrate of opposition side that the driven with active matrix substrate-side is set.Usually, active matrix circuit forms the situation of bottom emissive type through a plurality of layers of lamination; Because the existence of such driven with active matrix substrate; Penetrate optical attenuation, but the situation of top emission structure, can not receive the influence that such active matrix circuit produces and penetrate light.

Light-emitting device of the present invention is so that use above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device of the present invention to be characteristic.

< second aspect of the present invention >

Organic EL of the present invention is characterized in that, has: negative electrode; Anode; Be configured in the temporary location between negative electrode and the anode; Be configured in first luminescence unit between negative electrode and the temporary location; Be configured in second luminescence unit between anode and the temporary location; Be configured between the temporary location and second luminescence unit, be adjacent to temporary location and the cavity adjustment unit that is provided with,

Temporary location has: first electronics that is used for pulling out from the cavity adjustment unit electronics is pulled out layer; Be adjacent to first electronics and pull out the electron injecting layer of anode-side of layer,

The cavity adjustment unit has: be adjacent to first electronics and pull out the cathode side of layer and be provided with, pulled out first cavity adjustment layer that layer is pulled out electronics by first electronics; Pull out layer with second electronics that is used for pulling out electronics from the electron supply layer that is adjacent to cathode side,

In the present invention, between first luminescence unit and second luminescence unit, be provided with temporary location, between the temporary location and first luminescence unit, be provided with the cavity adjustment unit with the mode that is adjacent to temporary location.Therefore, through adjusting the thickness of this cavity adjustment unit, can adjust cavity.The light that second luminescence unit sends; Through temporary location, cavity adjustment unit and first luminescence unit; Usually reflecting on the film formed negative electrode, through first luminescence unit, cavity adjustment unit, temporary location, first luminescence unit and anode, injecting to the outside again by metal foil.Therefore, the thickness through adjustment cavity adjustment unit can be adjusted at the cavity that second luminescence unit sends light effectively.

In temporary location, be provided with and be used for pulling out layer and being adjacent to the electron injecting layer that first electronics is pulled out the anode-side of layer from first electronics that the cavity adjustment unit is pulled out electronics.

In the cavity adjustment unit, be provided with and be adjacent to first electronics and pull out the cathode side of layer and be provided with, pulled out second electronics that layer pulls out first cavity adjustment layer of electronics and be used for pulling out from the electron supply layer that is positioned at cathode side electronics by first electronics and pull out layer.

Therefore, first electronics is pulled out layer and can easily be pulled out electronics from first cavity adjustment layer of adjacency.

In addition, first cavity adjustment layer | LUMO (A) | pull out layer with second electronics | LUMO (D) | have | LUMO (A) |＜| LUMO (D) | ... (4) relation.Therefore, pull out the electronics that layer is pulled out, blocked, pull out at second electronics and put aside electronics in the layer by first cavity adjustment layer by second electronics.Therefore, produce high electric field partly, change,, also can suppress driving voltage and uprise even can think the thickness of thickening first cavity adjustment layer according to this high electric field energy band.

In temporary location of the present invention, first electronics is pulled out layer and is pulled out electronics from first cavity adjustment layer of cavity adjustment unit, this electronics of pulling out is supplied with second luminescence unit of anode-side through electron injecting layer.In second luminescence unit, from hole and this electronics combination, luminous that anode is supplied with.On the other hand, produce the hole at first cavity adjustment layer that is drawn out electronics.

In the cavity adjustment unit, second electronics is pulled out layer and is pulled out electronics from the electron supply layer of adjacency, and the electronics that is drawn out is pulled out layer by savings at second electronics as stated, thus, produces high electric field partly.Pulling out the electronics that lamination holds at second electronics combines with a hole that produces at first cavity adjustment layer.In being drawn out the electron supply layer of electronics, produce the hole, this hole is fed into first luminescence unit of cathode side, combines with the electronics of supplying with from negative electrode, and first luminescence unit is luminous.

As stated, in the present invention, because electronics is fed into second luminescence unit of anode-side from middle unit and cavity adjustment unit, the hole is fed into first luminescence unit of cathode side, so, can be luminous expeditiously in luminescence unit separately.In addition, through pull out lamination electric power storage at second electronics, produce high electric field as above-mentioned partly.Therefore, even the thickness of first cavity adjustment layer in the thickening cavity adjustment unit also can suppress the rising of driving voltage, so, can obtain high luminous efficiency.

In the present invention, as stated, by first cavity adjustment layer obstruction electronics of cavity adjustment unit.Therefore, can prevent excessively to supply with electronics in anode-side, so, can prolong component life, can improve the reliability of element.

In the present invention, electron supply layer is preferably formed by cavity conveying property material.Be arranged on the luminescent layer in first luminescence unit, if with cavity conveying property material as material of main part, this luminescent layer just can be used as electron supply layer.Therefore, in the present invention, electron supply layer also can be arranged in first luminescence unit.

In addition, in the present invention, electron supply layer also can be arranged on second cavity adjustment layer in the cavity adjustment unit.At this moment, except that first cavity adjustment layer, also can thicken the thickness of second cavity adjustment layer, can be used for the cavity adjustment.

Among the present invention, first and second cavitys adjustment layer is preferably formed by cavity conveying property material.As such cavity conveying property material, can enumerate tertiary aromatic amine class material.

In addition, in the present invention, the cavity adjustment unit also can make up first cavity adjustment layer and second electronics and pull out layer, has these layers with the form of a plurality of repetitives.Promptly; In the cavity adjustment unit, also can have first cavity adjustment layer/second electronics and pull out layer/first cavity adjustment layer/second electronics and pull out laminated construction and first cavity adjustment layer/second electronics of layer and pull out layer/first cavity and adjust layer/second electronics and pull out layer/first cavity and adjust the laminated construction that layer/second electronics is pulled out layer.The preferred thickness of cavity adjustment layer is generally in the scope of 10～700nm.When the thickness of cavity adjustment layer becomes blocked up, will produce the driving voltage problem too high, that luminous efficiency descends that becomes.Therefore, when more thickening the thickness of cavity adjustment layer than this scope, preferred second electronics that suitably inserts is pulled out layer, and the repetitive that a plurality of first cavity adjustment layers and second electronics are pulled out layer is set.

In addition, in the present invention, also electron supplying layer can be set between the electron injecting layer in temporary location and second luminescence unit.The absolute value of the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of such electron supplying layer (LUMO) | LUMO (F) | be set to less than | LUMO (C) | or | WF (C) |.

By finding above-mentioned (5) formula, can think and on the interface that first cavity adjustment layer and second electronics are pulled out layer, put aside the hole, thus, can produce high electric field more partly, driving voltage is reduced more.

In the present invention, pull out the material of layer, can enumerate the pyrazines derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following as forming first and/or second electronics.

In addition, form the material that of the present invention first and/or second electronics is pulled out layer, be more preferably the six azepine triphenylene derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following.

First luminescence unit among the present invention and second luminescence unit can be independent separately luminescent layers, also can be the luminescence units of the laminated construction of a plurality of luminescent layers of lamination.For example, also can be the white luminous luminescence unit of lamination orange light emitting layer and blue light-emitting layer.

Organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of the present invention; It is characterized in that; Possess: organic electroluminescent device with component structure of being clamped by anode and negative electrode: be provided for the driven with active matrix substrate of supplying with the active element of organic electroluminescent device corresponding to the shows signal of each display pixel; On the driven with active matrix substrate, dispose organic electroluminescent device; This display unit is that organic electroluminescent device has: negative electrode with the organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of the electrode that is arranged on substrate-side in negative electrode and the anode as the bottom emissive type of transparency electrode; Anode; Be configured in the temporary location between negative electrode and the anode; Be configured in first luminescence unit between negative electrode and the temporary location; Be configured in second luminescence unit between anode and the temporary location; And be configured between the temporary location and second luminescence unit, be adjacent to said temporary location and the cavity adjustment unit that is provided with; Temporary location has and is used for pulling out layer and being adjacent to first electronics and pulling out the electron injecting layer of the anode-side of layer from first electronics that the cavity adjustment unit is pulled out electronics; The cavity adjustment unit has and is adjacent to first electronics and pulls out the cathode side of layer and be provided with, pulled out second electronics that layer pulls out first cavity adjustment layer of electronics and be used for pulling out from the electron supply layer that is adjacent to cathode side electronics by first electronics and pull out layer; First electronics is pulled out the absolute value of energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (LUMO) of layer | LUMO (B) | with the absolute value of the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of first cavity adjustment layer | HOMO (A) | have | HOMO (A) |-| LUMO (B) | the relation of≤1.5eV; The absolute value of the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of electron injecting layer (LUMO) | LUMO (C) | or the absolute value of work function | WF (C) | less than | LUMO (B) |; Second electronics is pulled out the absolute value of energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (LUMO) of layer | LUMO (D) | with the absolute value of the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of electron supply layer | HOMO (E) | have | HOMO (E) |-| LUMO (D) | the relation of≤1.5eV, the absolute value of the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (LUMO) of first cavity adjustment layer | LUMO (A) | with | LUMO (D) | have | LUMO (A) |＜| LUMO (D) | relation.

In the organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of the invention described above, organic EL is when turning white the coloured light element, between organic EL and substrate, to dispose colour filter, can become colour display device.

The organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of others of the present invention is characterized in that, possesses: the organic electroluminescent device with component structure of being clamped by anode and negative electrode; Be provided for to supply with corresponding to the shows signal of each display pixel the driven with active matrix substrate of the active element of organic electroluminescent device; With the transparent sealing substrate that is oppositely arranged with this driven with active matrix substrate; Between driven with active matrix substrate and hermetic sealing substrate, dispose organic electroluminescent device; This display unit is that organic electroluminescent device has: negative electrode with the organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of the electrode that is arranged on the hermetic sealing substrate side in negative electrode and the anode as the top emission structure of transparency electrode; Anode; Be configured in the temporary location between negative electrode and the anode; Be configured in first luminescence unit between negative electrode and the temporary location; Be configured in second luminescence unit between anode and the temporary location; And be configured between the temporary location and second luminescence unit, be adjacent to temporary location and the cavity adjustment unit that is provided with; Temporary location has and is used for pulling out layer and being adjacent to first electronics and pulling out the electron injecting layer of the anode-side of layer from first electronics that the cavity adjustment unit is pulled out electronics; The cavity adjustment unit has and is adjacent to first electronics and pulls out the cathode side of layer and be provided with, pulled out second electronics that layer pulls out first cavity adjustment layer of electronics and be used for pulling out from the electron supply layer that is adjacent to cathode side electronics by first electronics and pull out layer; First electronics is pulled out the absolute value of energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (LUMO) of layer | LUMO (B) | with the absolute value of the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of first cavity adjustment layer | HOMO (A) | have | HOMO (A) |-| LUMO (B) | the relation of≤1.5eV; The absolute value of the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of electron injecting layer (LUMO) | LUMO (C) | or the absolute value of work function | WF (C) | less than | LUMO (B) | little; Second electronics is pulled out the absolute value of energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (LUMO) of layer | LUMO (D) | with the absolute value of the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of electron supply layer | HOMO (E) | have | HOMO (E) |-| LUMO (D) | the relation of≤1.5eV, the absolute value of the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (LUMO) of first cavity adjustment layer | LUMO (A) | with | LUMO (D) | have | LUMO (A) |＜| LUMO (D) | relation.

In above-mentioned organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same, when organic EL is white-light luminescent component, between organic EL and hermetic sealing substrate, dispose colour filter, can become colour display device.

Organic EL display of the present invention, because be device with organic EL of the invention described above, so, can adjust cavity according to every kind of glow color, and can reduce driving voltage, realize the reduction of consumes electric power.In addition, can become organic EL display with high reliability.

< third aspect of the invention >

The invention is characterized in; Provide a kind of have reflecting electrode, light take out lateral electrode and be configured in reflecting electrode with light taking-up lateral electrode between first luminescent layer and the organic electroluminescent device of second luminescent layer; Optical distance between the luminous position of first luminescent layer and the reflecting surface of reflecting electrode is (n/x) λ; Optical distance between the luminous position of second luminescent layer and the reflecting surface of reflecting electrode is [(n+m)/2x] λ (λ is the luminous centre wavelength that desire is taken out, and n is that odd number, m are that even number, x are natural number).

According to the present invention; Through the optical distance between the reflecting surface of the luminous position of first luminescent layer and reflecting electrode is set at (n/x) λ; Optical distance between the reflecting surface of the luminous position of second luminescent layer and reflecting electrode is set at [(n+m)/and 2x] λ; Can the luminous intensity of first luminescent layer from the organic EL frontal be become maximum, can the luminous intensity of second luminescent layer from the 60 ° of directions in organic EL visual angle be become maximum.That is,, will become maximum from the luminous intensity to the 60 ° of directions in visual angle of second luminescent layer because will become maximum to the luminous intensity of frontal from first luminescent layer, so, the visual angle interdependence is reduced.

Fig. 8 is the ideograph that is used to explain above-mentioned action effect.In Fig. 8, with the luminous position of first luminescent layer as light source 101, with the luminous position of second luminescent layer as light source 102.Optical distance between the reflecting surface 103 of light source 101 and reflecting electrode is set at (n/x) λ, and the optical distance between the reflecting surface 103 of light source 102 and reflecting electrode is set at [(n+m)/2x] λ.

As illustrated in fig. 8, the optical distance between the light source 101 in the 60 ° of directions in visual angle and the reflecting surface 103 of reflecting electrode is set at (2n/x) λ, and the optical distance between the reflecting surface 103 of light source 102 and reflecting electrode is set at [(n+m)/x] λ.Therefore, in frontal, because the optical distance between the reflecting surface 103 of light source 101 and reflecting electrode is set at the odd of the luminous central wavelength lambda of desire taking-up, because optical distance satisfies resonance condition, so, can obtain maximum luminous intensity.

On the other hand, in the 60 ° of directions in visual angle, because the optical distance between the reflecting surface of light source 102 and reflecting electrode is set at the odd of λ, so, become maximum from the luminous intensity of light source 102.

Therefore, become maximum to the luminous intensity of frontal, become maximum to the luminous intensity of the 60 ° of directions in visual angle from second luminescent layer from first luminescent layer, so, the visual angle interdependence is reduced.

In addition; In Fig. 8; Light source 101 is set at from the near position of the reflecting surface of reflecting electrode 103 than light source 102; But the invention is not restricted to this, the light source 102 i.e. luminous position of second luminescent layer also can be configured to than the i.e. luminous position of first luminescent layer of light source 101, from the near position of the reflecting surface of reflecting electrode 103.

In the present invention, first luminescent layer and second luminescent layer preferably across temporary location by lamination.

In addition; Disposing first luminescent layer between reflecting electrode and the temporary location, taking out when disposing second luminescent layer between light lateral electrode and the temporary location; First cavity adjustment layer preferably is set between the reflecting electrode and first luminescent layer, second cavity adjustment layer is set between the temporary location and second luminescent layer.By the thickness of these first cavitys of adjustment adjustment layer and the adjustment of second cavity layer, the optical distance between the reflecting surface of the optical distance between the reflecting surface of the become luminous position that can easily adjust first luminescent layer and reflecting electrode and the luminous position of second luminescent layer and reflecting electrode.

First cavity adjustment layer and second cavity adjustment layer preferably are made up of cavity conveying property material.

In addition, in the present invention, temporary location is preferably pulled out layer, electron injecting layer and electron supplying layer by electronics and is constituted.In the present invention, the side that reflecting electrode and light take out lateral electrode becomes anode, the opposing party becomes negative electrode, but in temporary location, electronics is pulled out layer and is arranged on cathode side.Electron injecting layer be adjacent to electronics pull out the layer anode-side and be provided with.Electron supplying layer is adjacent to the anode-side of electron injecting layer and is provided with.

In the temporary location that constitutes as stated; Electronics is pulled out layer and is pulled out electronics from the adjoining course that is adjacent to anode-side; Through electron injecting layer and electron supplying layer the electronics of pulling out is supplied with anode-side, and will supply to cathode side in the hole that adjoining course produces by pulling out of electronics.Therefore, clamp temporary location, in the luminescent layer of both sides, become luminous expeditiously.

Below, in the explanation of temporary location, the luminescent layer that will be positioned at cathode side is as first luminescent layer, and the luminescent layer that will be positioned at anode-side is explained as second luminescent layer.

Like above-mentioned ground; In temporary location; The absolute value of the energy level of the HOMO of adjoining course | HOMO (B) | pull out the absolute value of energy level of the LUMO of layer with electronics | LUMO (A) | have | HOMO (B) |-| LUMO (A) | the energy level that the relation of≤1.5eV, electronics are pulled out the LUMO of layer preferably becomes the energy level value near the HOMO of adjoining course.Thus, electronics is pulled out layer and can be pulled out electronics from adjoining course.Through pulling out electronics, produce the hole at adjoining course from this adjoining course.When adjoining course is set in first luminescent layer, produce the hole at first luminescent layer.In addition, adjoining course is set at electronics when pulling out between layer and first luminescent layer, when being set in the temporary location, is fed into first luminescent layer in the hole of adjoining course generation.Be fed into the hole of first luminescent layer and combine from the electronics of negative electrode again, first luminescent layer is luminous thus.

On the other hand, pulled out layer electron transfer of pulling out to electron injecting layer by electronics, supply with second luminescent layer from electron injecting layer and electron supplying layer, combine with the hole of supplying with from anode again, second luminescent layer is luminous thus.

In addition, in temporary location, pull out layer for electronics and pull out electronics from adjoining course, the energy level of LUMO that preferred electron is pulled out layer more approaches the energy level of the HOMO of adjoining course than the energy level of the LUMO of adjoining course.Be the absolute value of energy level of the LUMO of adjoining course | LUMO (B) | preferred relation below satisfying

|HOMO(B)|-|LUMO(A)|＜|LUMO(A)|-|LUMO(B)|。

In addition, pull out the energy level absolute value of the LUMO of the material that layer uses, because be generally less than the absolute value of energy level of the HOMO of adjoining course, so this moment, the absolute value of energy level was separately represented in order to relational expression down as electronics.

0eV＜|HOMO(B)|-|LUMO(A)≤1.5eV

The absolute value of the energy level of electron injecting layer LUMO | LUMO (C) | or the work function absolute value | WF (C) |; Preferably pull out the absolute value of energy level of the LUMO of layer less than electronics | LUMO (A) |; Thus; Pulled out layer electron transfer of pulling out to electron injecting layer by electronics, supply with second luminescent layer from electron injecting layer and electron supplying layer.

Between the electron injecting layer in temporary location and second luminescent layer electron supplying layer is set.The absolute value of the energy level of the LUMO of electron supplying layer | LUMO (D) | preferably less than the absolute value of the energy level of the LUMO of electron injecting layer | LUMO (C) | or the work function absolute value | WF (C) |.Move to the electronics of electron injecting layer, supply with second luminescent layer through electron supplying layer.

Electronics among the present invention is pulled out layer, can be formed by the pyrazines derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following.

In the present invention, more preferably can form electronics and pull out layer by the six azepine triphenylene derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following.

In addition, the electron injecting layer in the temporary location, for example preferred alkali metal, LiO by Li and Cs etc. ₂Deng formation such as alkali metal oxide, alkaline-earth metal, alkaline-earth metals oxide.

In the present invention, first luminescent layer and second luminescent layer are the luminescent layers that sends respectively with coloured light at the thickness direction superimposed layer of element.Can be red (R), green (G) and monochromatic luminescent layers such as blue (B), also can be the luminescent layer of white.When being white luminous layer, also can be the white luminous layer that has the structure of orange light emitting layer and blue-light-emitting layer laminate.

The optical distance of stipulating among the present invention if be respectively small scope, even depart from (n/x) λ and [(n+m)/2x] λ, also can obtain effect of the present invention.Therefore, the optical distance of regulation can be in the scope of these values ± 10% in the present invention.

< effect of first～third aspect of the present invention >

The organic EL of first aspect of the present invention is the organic EL of a plurality of luminescence units of lamination, does not change the thickness in each luminescence unit, just can easily adjust cavity.Therefore, can become and have desired glow color and from the high organic EL of light extraction amount of organic EL.

If according to a second aspect of the invention, can adjust cavity, and have high-luminous-efficiency, driving voltage is descended, the organic EL of the reliability that can be improved and the organic EL display that uses this element.

According to the third aspect of the invention; As luminescent layer; First luminescent layer and second luminescent layer are set at least; Through the optical distance between the reflecting surface of the luminous position of first luminescent layer and reflecting electrode is set at (n/x) λ, the optical distance between the reflecting surface of the luminous position of second luminescent layer and reflecting electrode is set at [(n+m)/2x] λ, can reduce the visual angle interdependence of organic EL.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the pattern sectional view of the organic EL of an embodiment of expression first aspect present invention.

Fig. 2 is the figure of the relation of the driving time of embodiment and the reference example of expression first aspect present invention and luminous intensity.

Fig. 3 is the figure of the relation of the thickness of expression cavity adjustment layer and driving voltage.

Fig. 4 is the figure of the organic EL display of an embodiment of expression first aspect present invention.

Among the embodiment of Fig. 5 for the expression second aspect present invention, constitute LUMO and the ideograph of HOMO energy level of each layer of temporary location and cavity adjustment unit.

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the bottom emissive type organic EL display of the embodiment of expression second aspect present invention.

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the top emission structure organic EL display of the embodiment of expression second aspect present invention.

Fig. 8 is the ideograph that is used to explain the action effect of third aspect present invention.

Fig. 9 is the pattern sectional view of the organic EL of an embodiment of expression third aspect present invention.

Figure 10 is the figure of the luminescent spectrum of 60 ° of directions of luminescent spectrum and visual angle of the organic EL frontal of an embodiment of expression third aspect present invention.

Figure 11 is the pattern sectional view of the organic EL of expression reference examples 7.

Figure 12 is the figure of the luminescent spectrum of 60 ° of directions of luminescent spectrum and visual angle of the organic EL frontal of expression reference examples 7.

Embodiment

< first aspect of the present invention >

Fig. 1 is the pattern sectional view of expression organic EL of the present invention.On glass substrate, form the anode 1 that constitutes by ITO (indium tin oxide) film, on anode 1, form by fluorocarbon (CF _x) layer hole injection layer 2 that constitutes.

On hole injection layer 2, form the cavity adjustment layer 3 that constitutes by cavity conveying property materials such as NPB.On cavity adjustment layer 3, form electronics and pull out layer 4.

Electronics is pulled out layer 4 and is provided with first luminescence unit 5 and second luminescence unit 7, between first luminescence unit 5 and second luminescence unit 7, is provided with temporary location 6.First luminescence unit 5 is through constituting at orange light emitting layer 5b superimposed layer blue light-emitting layer 5a, and second luminescence unit 7 is too through constituting at orange light emitting layer 7b superimposed layer blue light-emitting layer 7a.Therefore, first luminescence unit 5 and second luminescence unit 7 are white luminous unit.

Temporary location 6 is pulled out a layer 6a and is constituted by being arranged on electron supplying layer 6c on the blue light-emitting layer 5a, being arranged on the electron injecting layer 6b on the electron supplying layer 6c and being arranged on electronics on the electron injecting layer 6b.

Second luminescence unit 7 is provided with electron supplying layer 8, and electron supplying layer 8 is provided with electron injecting layer 9.Electron injecting layer 9 is provided with negative electrode 10.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, from luminous anode 1 ejaculation of first luminescence unit 5, and also penetrate to negative electrode 10.Because negative electrode 10 is formed by reflection electrode, so, the light that injects to negative electrode 10 in the surface reflection of negative electrode 10 to anode 1 side.In addition, in second luminescence unit 7, the light that sends also is radiated into anode 1 side, and is radiated into negative electrode 10 sides, light directive anode 1 side that is reflected on the surface of negative electrode 10.

Therefore, in order to adjust these interferences of light, to improve from the amount of the light of organic EL ejaculation, must the adjustment cavity.In the present invention, because cavity adjustment layer 3 is set, so, through the thickness of adjustment cavity adjustment layer 3, can adjust optical distance from each luminous position of first luminescence unit 5 and second luminescence unit 7 to anode 1, can easily carry out the adjustment of cavity.

In the present embodiment, between first luminescence unit 5 and second luminescence unit 7, be provided with temporary location 6.The electronics of temporary location 6 is pulled out layer 6a and is pulled out electronics from the orange light emitting layer 7b of adjacency, second luminescence unit, 7 sides is supplied with in consequent hole, and through electron injecting layer 6b and electron supplying layer 6c the electronics that is drawn out is supplied with first luminescence unit 5.Be fed into the hole of second luminescence unit 7, combine with the electronics of supplying with from negative electrode 10 again, second luminescence unit 7 is luminous thus.In addition, be fed into the electronics of first luminescence unit 5, combine with the hole of supplying with from anode 1 again, first luminescence unit 5 is luminous.Therefore, through temporary location 6 is set, can make first luminescence unit 5 and second luminescence unit 7 luminous expeditiously.

Be adjacent to cavity adjustment layer 3, in first luminescence unit, 5 sides electronics be set and pull out layer 4.Through be provided with electronics pull out the layer 4, can as after with stating the raising element life characteristic.

In addition, in the present invention, also can second electronics be set and pull out layer at cathode side.That is, also can be adjacent to cavity adjustment layer 3 side, in hole injection layer 2 sides second electronics is set and pulls out layer.Pull out layer through second electronics is set, the thermal endurance of element and light resistance are improved.

[making of white-light luminescent component] (embodiment 1～7 and reference example 1～5)

With reference to Fig. 1, making has the embodiment 1～7 of description architecture and the organic EL of reference example 1～5.The composition of each layer is as shown in table 1.

Table 1

As the fluorocarbon layer of hole injection layer, by CHF ₃The plasma polymerization of gas forms.The thickness of fluorocarbon layer is 1nm.

Cavity adjustment layer is as shown in table 2 to be formed by NPB.NPB is N, N '-two (aphthacene-1-yl)-N, and N '-diphenylbenzidine has following structure.

First electronics is pulled out layer and second electronics is pulled out layer, is formed by HAT-CN6.HAT-CN6 is six azepine Sanya phenyl six nitriles, has following structure.

Cavity adjustment layer is pulled out layer with first and second electronics and is formed thickness as shown in table 2.In addition, unit is nm.

First luminescence unit and second luminescence unit are as shown in table 1 by with orange light emitting layer and blue-light-emitting layer laminate and constitute.

The cavity conveying property material NPB that uses 80 weight % uses the TBADN of 20 weight % as material of main part, adds up to 100 weight % to use the DBzR of the orange luminescence alloy of 3 weight % with respect to NPB and TBADN, forms orange light emitting layer.But, at this moment, TBADN as future the autonomous agent material excitation energy be delivered to the orange luminescence alloy DBzR energy transfer supplementary doping thing and work.Here; So-called energy transfer supplementary doping thing; Be the material that LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)) level and energy space have the value between material of main part and the luminous alloy, expression has expeditiously the alloy that the excitation energy of autonomous agent material in the future is delivered to the effect of luminous alloy.

TBADN is the 2-tert-butyl group-9, and 10-two (2-naphthyl) anthracene has following structure.

DBzR is 5,12-two { 4-(6-methylbenzothiazole-2-yl) phenyl }-6, and 11-diphenyl aphthacene has following structure.

Blue light-emitting layer uses the TBADN of electron transport property material as material of main part, NPB is used as carrier mobility supplementary doping thing, and TBP is used as the blue-light-emitting alloy.The content of TBADN is 80 weight %, and the content of NPB is 20 weight %, and the content of TBP is 2.5 weight % with respect to the total 100 weight % of TBADN and NPB.Here; So-called carrier mobility supplementary doping thing is than material of main part, the high material of carrier mobility degree that should assist; Expression promotes the injection of a side charge carrier; Make two carrier density balances in luminescent layer, improve join probability again, have the alloy of the effect that improves luminous efficiency.At this moment, in the TBADN of electron supplying layer, contain the NPB higher than the cavity conveying mobility of TBADN, the hole migration in the auxiliary blue light-emitting layer of NPB has the effect that improves luminous efficiency.

TBP is 2,5,8, and 11-four-tert-butyl group perylene has following structure.

Electron supplying layer is formed by BCP.BCP is 2,9-dimethyl-4, and 7-diphenyl-1, the 10-phenanthroline has following structure.

Temporary location is as shown in table 1 to form electron supplying layer by BCP, by Li ₂O forms electron injecting layer, forms electronics by HAT-CN6 and pulls out layer.

Electron injecting layer is formed by LiF, and negative electrode is formed by Al.

The thickness of each layer is shown in table 1 and table 2.In addition, unit is nm.

Driving voltage, colourity and the luminous efficiency of each organic EL of table 2 expression embodiment 1～7 and reference example 1～6.

Table 2

As shown in table 2ly know when the thickness of cavity adjustment layer is increased, just to have driving voltage to improve some, luminous efficiency some tendencies that descend, but few to the influence of colourity.Therefore can know that than the situation of the Thickness Variation that makes each luminescence unit in the past, the adjustment of cavity is easy.

Fig. 2 is expression embodiment 1～2 and the driving time of reference example 1～4 and the graph of a relation of luminous intensity.As shown in Figure 2ly know, be provided with first electronics and pull out the embodiment 1～2 of layer and pull out the reference example 1～3 of layer than first electronics is not set, obtain making a long driver high luminous intensity under the moving time with reference example 4.Therefore can know, pull out layer and can improve life characteristic through first electronics is set.

Fig. 3 is the thickness of expression cavity adjustment layer and the graph of a relation of driving voltage.From result shown in Figure 3, can think that the thickness as cavity adjustment layer is preferably in the scope of 10nm～600nm.

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the organic EL display of expression one embodiment of the present of invention.In this organic EL display layer, use TFT (thin-film transistor) as active element, driving luminous in each pixel of R (redness), G (green) and B (blueness).With reference to Fig. 4, the tunnel area 11 that is made up of poly silicon layer is formed on not shown transparency carriers such as glass.On tunnel area 11, form drain electrode 12d and source electrode 12s, between drain electrode 12d and source electrode 12s, gate electrode 14 is set across gate insulating film 13.Insulating barrier 15 is set on gate electrode 14.Each insulating barrier is by SiN _xAnd/or SiO ₂Deng formation.

On drain electrode 12d and source electrode 12s, form first planarization film 16.On first planarization film 16 above the drain electrode 12d, form through-hole section, the anode 1 that is made up of the ITO film that on first planarization film 16, forms is imported in the through-hole section.Be formed with hole injection layer 2 on the anode 1 in pixel region.Part beyond pixel region is formed with second planarization film 17.

On hole injection layer 2,, form cavity adjustment layer 3 and pull out layer 4 with electronics according to the present invention.Cavity adjustment layer 3 is pulled out layer 4 with electronics, in Fig. 4, is illustrated as 1 layer.As shown in Figure 4, cavity adjustment layer 3 is pulled out each pixel that layer 4 independently forms RGB with electronics.This is because in each pixel of RGB, and the most suitable thickness of cavity adjustment layer is different, so, preferred each pixel that forms RGB respectively.

Pull out on the layer 4 first luminescence unit 5, temporary location 6, independent respectively each pixel that forms of second luminescence unit 7 at the cavity of each pixel adjustment layer 3 and electronics.On second luminescence unit 7, form electron supplying layer 8.The mode that electron supplying layer 8 is independent with each pixel of landfill, pulled out the groove between layer 4, first luminescence unit 5, temporary location 6 and second luminescence unit 7 by the cavity of lamination adjustment layer 3, electronics forms.

On electron supplying layer 8, form electron injecting layer 9 and negative electrode 10.In Fig. 4, electron injecting layer 9 is illustrated as 1 layer with negative electrode 10.On negative electrode 10, form protective layer 18.

As shown in Figure 4, through suitably adjust the thickness of the cavity adjustment layer 3 that forms each pixel according to each pixel, can adjust the cavity in each pixel.

Embodiment shown in Figure 4 is the organic EL display that penetrates the bottom emissive type of light towards substrate-side; But the position upper and lower relation of anode 2 and negative electrode 10 is put upside down; By on negative electrode 10 successively lamination electron injecting layer 9, electron supplying layer 8, second luminescence unit 7, temporary location 6, first luminescence unit 5, electronics pull out layer 4 and cavity adjustment layer 3, can form and penetrate the organic EL display of the top emission structure of light with the substrate opposite side.

In addition, in organic EL display shown in Figure 4, pixel region is set,, can processes the organic EL display of bias light light source etc. through on all, luminescent layer being set as display unit.

< second aspect of the present invention >

Fig. 5 is in the organic EL of the pattern ground expression embodiment of the invention, constitute HOMO and the energy diagram of LUMO of each layer of temporary location and cavity adjustment unit.In the present embodiment, temporary location 21 by first electronics pull out layer 23, electron injecting layer 24 and electron supplying layer 28 constitute.Cavity adjustment unit 22 is pulled out layer 26 by first cavity adjustment layer, 25 and second electronics and is constituted.The cathode side of pulling out layer 26 at second electronics is provided with electron supply layer 27.

In Fig. 5, the LUMO that first electronics is pulled out layer 23 is expressed as L _B, OMO is expressed as H _BIn addition, the LUMO with electron injecting layer 24 is expressed as L _C, electron supplying layer 28 LUMO be expressed as L _F, the LUMO of first cavity layer 25 is expressed as L _A, HOMO is expressed as H _AIn addition, second electronics is pulled out layer 26 LUMO and be expressed as L _D, HOMO is expressed as H _D, the HOMO of electron supply layer 27 is expressed as H _E

With reference to Fig. 5, in organic EL of the present invention, first electronics is pulled out the L of layer _BH with first cavity layer 25 _AThe difference of absolute value is below the 1.5eV separately.Therefore, first electronics is pulled out layer 23 and can easily be pulled out electronics from first cavity adjustment layer 25.The L of electron injecting layer 24 _CAbsolute value become and pull out layer 23 L less than first electronics _BAbsolute value, the L of electron supplying layer 28 _FAbsolute value become less than L _CAbsolute value.Therefore, pulled out layer 23 electronics of pulling out by first electronics and supply with anode-side through electron injecting layer 24 and electron supplying layer 28.

In the present invention, second electronics is pulled out the L of layer 26 _DAbsolute value and the H of electron supply layer 27 _EThe difference of absolute value be below the 1.5eV.Therefore, second electronics is pulled out layer 26 and can easily be pulled out electronics from electron supply layer 27.Because the L of first cavity adjustment layer _AAbsolute value become and pull out layer 26 L less than second electronics _DAbsolute value, so, pull out layer 26 electronics of pulling out by second electronics and blocked by first cavity adjustment layer 25, pull out layer 26 savings at second electronics.Thus, produce high electric field partly, because the energy level deflection, so, drive current can be reduced.

In the electron supply layer that is drawn out electronics 27, produce the hole, this hole is fed into cathode side.

In the present invention, like above operation, 21 supply with anode-side with cavity adjustment unit 22 with electronics from middle unit, and, can cathode side be supplied with in the hole.Therefore, can make luminescence unit that is positioned at anode-side and the luminescence unit that is positioned at cathode side luminous expeditiously respectively.In addition, as stated,, driving voltage is reduced,, also can suppress the rising of driving voltage even thicken the thickness of first cavity adjustment layer 25 because produce high electric field partly.

In addition, excessively supply with anode-side because can suppress electronics by first cavity adjustment layer 25, so, can improve the life characteristic of element, can improve reliability.

(embodiment 8～16 and reference examples 1～6)

The embodiment 8～16 shown in the making table 3 and the organic EL of reference examples 1～6 with hole injection layer, hole transporting layer, second luminescence unit, temporary location, cavity adjustment unit, first luminescence unit, electron supplying layer and negative electrode.In following table, the thickness (nm) of each layer of numeral in ().

As substrate, use the glass substrate that on glass substrate, forms as ITO (indium tin oxide) film of anode.Through on the ITO film, forming fluorocarbon (CF _x) layer, form hole injection layer.(15s) in the table 3 refers to the time (second) that forms film.

On the hole injection layer that forms like above operation, form by vapour deposition method each layer shown in the lamination table 3 successively.

Hole transporting layer is by forming at NPB layer superimposed layer HAT-CN6 layer.

First luminescence unit and second luminescence unit are the white luminous luminescence units at orange light emitting layer superimposed layer blue light-emitting layer.At anode-side configuration orange light emitting layer, at cathode side configuration blue light-emitting layer.In addition, in table, when % does not limit especially, for weight %.

As the hole transporting layer that forms of above-mentioned operation on, pile up orange light emitting layer and blue light-emitting layer and form.

Orange light emitting layer uses NPB as the material of main part of cavity conveying property, TBADN is used as the material of main part of electron transport property, and DBzR is used as dopant material.Blue light-emitting layer uses TBADN as the material of main part of electron transport property, NPB is used as the material of main part of cavity conveying property, and TBP is used as dopant material.

In addition, in embodiment 13, embodiment 14 and reference examples 5, from white luminous layer formation first luminescence unit and second luminescence unit of individual layer.Therefore, in 1 layer, contain the DBzR of orange luminescence alloy and the TBP of blue-light-emitting alloy.In addition, in first luminescence unit and second luminescence unit, form the NPB layer in anode-side.

As the electron supplying layer of temporary location, can use electron transport property material, in embodiment shown in the table 3 and reference examples, use BCP.The LUMO of BCP is-2.7eV.The thickness of the electron supplying layer of temporary location is preferably the scope of 1～100nm.

As the electron injecting layer of temporary location, can use alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal and these oxide etc.In embodiment shown in the table 3 and reference examples, use Li ₂O, Li or Mg.The work function of Li is that the work function of 2.9eV, Mg is 3.9eV.Li ₂The situation of the metal oxide of O etc., the metal work function of Li etc. just can within the scope of the invention.The thickness of electron injecting layer is preferably the scope of 0.1～10nm.

First electronics as temporary location is pulled out layer, uses HAT-CN6.The LUMO of HAT-CN6 is-4.4eV, HOMO be-7.0eV.The thickness that first electronics is pulled out layer is preferably the scope of 1～150nm.

In addition, in reference examples 4, use V ₂O ₅Layer replaces first electronics to pull out layer.

First cavity adjustment layer as the cavity adjustment unit uses NPB.The LUMO of NPB is-2.6eV that HOMO is-5.4eV.

Second electronics as the cavity adjustment unit is pulled out layer, uses HAT-CN6.The thickness that second electronics is pulled out layer is preferably the scope of 1～150nm.

As the electron supplying layer that on first luminescence unit, forms, be formed with the electron supplying layer that the laminated construction by Alq layer and BCP layer constitutes.In addition, embodiment 13 and 14 and reference examples 5 in, only form electron supplying layer by the BCP layer.

On electron supplying layer, form by Li ₂The negative electrode that the laminated construction of O layer and Al layer constitutes.

Alq is three-(8-quinolinic acid) aluminium (III), has following structure.

(evaluation of organic EL)

To each organic EL of making by above operation, measure driving voltage, luminous efficiency and brightness and partly decline the life-span.The result is measured in table 4 expression.In addition, measuring the result is 40mA/cm ²Value during drive current.

Table 4

	Driving voltage (V)	Luminous efficiency (cd/A)	Brightness partly declines the life-span
				Embodiment
8	10.8	23.8	500
				Reference examples 1	10.5	33.2	400
Reference examples 2	More than the 20V	25.6	50
				Embodiment 9	13.4	24.2	700
Embodiment 10	12.7	24.3	750
				Reference examples 3	13.7	25.2	650
Embodiment 11	15.6	20.2	400
				Embodiment 12	16	19.8	370
Reference examples 4	15.6	14.7	30
				Embodiment 13	9.7	25.8	500
Embodiment 14	10.5	22.6	450
				Reference examples 5	11.1	23.4	300
Embodiment 15	12.7	24.3	700
				Embodiment 16	13.4	24.2	680
Reference examples 6	13.7	25.2	600

Can know that from the result shown in the table 4 in embodiments of the invention 8～16, driving voltage is low, show good illumination efficiency, the life-span of partly declining of brightness simultaneously also prolongs.

Relatively be provided with the embodiment 8 of cavity adjustment unit and the reference examples 1 of cavity adjustment unit is not set, embodiment 8 is more weaker than reference examples 1 aspect luminous efficiency, can drive with the driving voltage of equal extent, and brightness life-span of partly declining becomes longer than reference examples 1.Therefore, do not make driving voltage rise, not make in addition life characteristic to descend,, can adjust cavity through the cavity adjustment unit is set.

NPB in the cavity adjustment unit is being replaced in the reference examples 2 of Alq, driving voltage becomes and significantly raises, brightness partly declines, and the life-span also significantly shortens.

In addition, use V ₂O ₅Replace in the reference examples 4 of the HAT-CN6 in the cavity adjustment unit, luminous efficiency descends, and brightness life-span of partly declining also significantly shortens.

In addition; From embodiment 13 and 14 and reference examples 5 relatively reach

embodiment

15 and 16 and the comparison of reference examples 6 can know; When thickening the total thickness of NPB layer significantly, insert the HAT-CN6 layer that a plurality of first electronics are pulled out layer at a distance from appropriate intervals, can reduce driving voltage by every.

[organic EL display]

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of organic EL display of the bottom emissive type of expression embodiments of the invention.In this organic EL display, use TFT as active element, drive luminous in each pixel.In addition, as active element, also can use diode etc.In addition, in this organic EL display, be provided with colour filter.This organic EL display is to penetrate light and the display unit of the bottom emissive type that shows like the below of substrate that arrow is shown in 17.

With reference to Fig. 6, the substrate 37 that is made up of transparency carriers such as glass is provided with first insulating barrier 38.First insulating barrier 38 is by for example SiO ₂And SiN _xDeng formation.On first insulating barrier 38, form the tunnel area 40 that constitutes by poly silicon layer.On tunnel area 40, form drain electrode 41 and source electrode 43, in addition, between drain electrode 41 and source electrode 43, gate electrode 42 is set across second insulating barrier 39.The 3rd insulating barrier 34 is set on gate electrode 42.Second insulating barrier 39 is for example by SiN _xAnd SiO ₂Form, the 3rd insulating barrier 34 is for example by SiO ₂And SiN _xForm.

On the 3rd insulating barrier 34, form the 4th insulating barrier 35.The 4th insulating barrier 35 is for example by SiN _xForm.Pixel region part on the 4th insulating barrier 35 is provided with color-filter layer 29.As color-filter layer 29, be provided with the colour filter of R (red), G (green) and B (indigo plant) etc.On color-filter layer 29, be provided with first planarization film 36.Form through-hole section in first planarization film 36 above drain electrode 41, the hole injecting electrode 38 that is made up of the ITO (indium tin oxide) that on first planarization film 36, forms is imported in the through-hole section.On the hole injecting electrode in pixel region (anode) 38, form the hole and inject supply unit 30.In the part beyond the pixel region, form second planarization film 39.

The hole is injected supply unit 30 and is provided with lamination luminescence unit 31.Lamination luminescence unit 31 according to the present invention, has the structure that temporary location and cavity adjustment unit are set between first luminescence unit and second luminescence unit.

Lamination luminescence unit 31 is provided with electron supplying layer 32, and electron supplying layer 32 is provided with electron injection electrode (negative electrode) 33.

As stated; In the organic EL of present embodiment; There are hole injecting electrode (anode) 28, hole to inject supply unit 30, lamination luminescence unit 31, electron supplying layer 32 and electron injection electrode (negative electrode) 33 at the pixel region superimposed layer, constitute organic EL.

In the lamination luminescence unit 31 of present embodiment, because use the luminescence unit of lamination orange light emitting layer and blue light-emitting layer, so, send the luminous of white from lamination luminescence unit 31.The luminous of this white injects to the outside through substrate 37, because be provided with color-filter layer 29 in emission side, so according to the color of color-filter layer 29, R, G or B color are penetrated.With the situation of the luminous element of monochrome, also can not establish color-filter layer 29.

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of organic EL display of the top emission structure of the expression embodiment of the invention.The organic EL display of present embodiment penetrates light and the organic EL display of the top emission structure that shows above substrate 37 as arrow diagramming.

38 the part from substrate 37 to anode is almost made with the same operation of embodiment shown in Figure 6.But color-filter layer 29 is not arranged on the 4th insulating barrier 35, is configured in the top of organic EL.Concrete, on the transparent sealing substrate 36 that constitutes by glass etc., color-filter layer 29 is installed, be coated with coating 35 above that, be mounted by it being fitted on the anode 38 through transparent adhesive layer 34.In addition, in the present embodiment, that the position of anode and negative electrode and embodiment shown in Figure 6 is opposite.

As anode 38, be formed with transparency electrode, for example, by the ITO about lamination thickness 100nm and the silver about thickness 20nm and form.As negative electrode 33, be formed with reflecting electrode, for example, form the film of aluminium, chromium or silver about thickness 100nm.Coating 35 is formed about thickness 1 μ m by acrylic resin etc.Color-filter layer 29, can be pigment type, also can be dye type.Its thickness is about 1 μ m.

White light from lamination luminescence unit 31 sends is radiated into the outside through hermetic sealing substrate 36, but because be provided with color-filter layer 29 in emission side, so, according to color ejaculation R, G or the B coloured light of color-filter layer 29.The organic EL display of present embodiment is because be top emission structure, so the zone that is provided with thin-film transistor also can be used as pixel region and uses, and is provided with color-filter layer 29 in the scope wider than embodiment shown in Figure 6.If according to the present invention, can wider zone be used as pixel region, can improve aperture opening ratio.In addition, have the formation of the luminescent layer of a plurality of luminescence units, can not consider to be undertaken by the influence of driven with active matrix substrate generation, so, degree of freedom in design can be improved.

In the above-described embodiments, use glass plate as hermetic sealing substrate, but in the present invention, hermetic sealing substrate is not defined as glass plate, for example, also can be with SiO ₂Deng oxide-film and SiN _xDeng membranoid substances such as nitride film use as hermetic sealing substrate.At this moment, because can on element, directly form membranaceous hermetic sealing substrate, so, transparent adhesive layer can be set.

< third aspect of the invention >

[analog result]

Table 5 expression: the optical distance between the reflecting surface 103 of light source shown in Figure 8 101 (first luminescent layer) and reflecting electrode is confirmed as (1/4) λ, when making optical distance between the reflecting surface 103 of light source 102 (second luminescent layer) and reflecting electrode change to (4/4) λ～(3/8) λ, simulate the result of the luminous intensity at various visual angles.Luminous intensity is estimated with 4 visual angles of positive (0 °), 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °.In addition, in table 5 expression with the luminous intensity of frontal relative value as 1 o'clock." maximum/minimum " is illustrated in maximum and the ratio of minimum value in these 4 visual angles.The luminous intensity of the frontal when " positive intensity " expression is first luminescent layer with luminescent layer is as 1 relative intensity.

In table 5, condition of the present invention is satisfied in (2), (4), (6).

Table 5

As shown in table 5, in (2) of satisfying condition of the present invention, (4) and (6), in 30 °, 45 ° and 60 ° of arbitrary visual angles, also can obtain high relatively luminous intensity, the ratio of maximum/minimum is compared diminishing of other.Therefore can know that the visual angle interdependence is lowered.

In addition, can know that in the situation that first luminescent layer only is set, luminous intensity becomes minimum in 60 ° of visual angles from table 5.Therefore, become high luminous intensity, can reduce the visual angle interdependence through second luminescent layer is set in 60 °.

Optical distance is the distance of being obtained by thickness of each layer and refractive index, still should consider the distance of multimode (multimode), but in present specification, the refractive index of each layer and multimode is simplified calculated.

(embodiment 17)

Fig. 9 is the pattern sectional view of the organic EL representing to make in the present embodiment.The organic EL of the present embodiment metallic film of being made up of Al 81 that on not shown substrate, forms as shown in Figure 9 forms the nesa coating 82 (thickness 30nm) that is made up of ITO (indium tin oxide) film above that.Constitute reflecting electrode by this nesa coating 82 with metallic film 81, the top end face of metallic film 81 becomes reflecting surface 41a.

On nesa coating 82, form the hole transporting layer 91 (thickness 30nm) that constitutes by NPB.This hole transporting layer 91 also plays a role as first cavity adjustment layer.

On hole transporting layer 91, with the order lamination of orange light emitting layer 51 (thickness 60nm) and blue light-emitting layer 52 (thickness 50nm).Constitute the first white luminous luminescent layer 50 by orange light emitting layer 51 and blue light-emitting layer 52.The luminous position 50a of first luminescent layer 50 is that the interface distance blue light-emitting layer side from orange light emitting layer 51 and blue light-emitting layer 52 is the zone of 5nm.

Orange light emitting layer 51 uses the NPB of the cavity conveying property material of 100 weight %, as material of main part, make it therein to contain 3 weight % the orange luminescence alloy DBzR and form.

Blue light-emitting layer 52 uses the TBADN of the electron transport property material of 100 weight %, as material of main part, make it therein to contain 1 weight % the blue-light-emitting alloy TBP and form.

On first luminescent layer 50, pull out the order lamination of layer 73 (thickness 20nm) with electron supplying layer 71 (thickness 20nm), electron injecting layer 72 (thickness 10nm) and electronics.Temporary location 70 is pulled out layer 73 by electron supplying layer 71, electron injecting layer 72 and electronics and is constituted.Electron supplying layer 71 is formed by Alq.Electron injecting layer 72 forms through piling up Li, but because thickness is extremely thin, so, think and the complex of the Alq of electron supplying layer 71 that have Alq: Li=1: 1 forms.Electronics is pulled out layer 73 and is formed by HAT-CN6.

On temporary location 70, form second cavity adjustment layer, 92 (thickness 275nm).Second cavity adjustment layer 92 is also formed by NPB.

On second cavity adjustment layer 92, with the order lamination formation of orange light emitting layer 61 and blue light-emitting layer 62.Second luminescent layer 60 is made up of orange light emitting layer 61 and blue light-emitting layer 62.The orange light emitting layer 51 of orange light emitting layer 61 and the blue light-emitting layer 62 and first luminescent layer 50 likewise forms with blue light-emitting layer 52.

The luminous position 60a of second luminescent layer 60 is that interface distance blue light-emitting layer 62 sides from orange light emitting layer 61 and blue light-emitting layer 62 are the zone of 5nm.

On second luminescent layer 60, form electron supplying layer 93 (thickness 20nm).Electron supplying layer 93 is formed by Alq.

On electron supplying layer 93, form by light and take out metal film electrode 94 (the Li thickness 1nm: Ag thickness 15nm) that the Li/Ag of lateral electrode constitutes.

Through adjusting the thickness of first cavity adjustment layer 91, can adjust the optical distance between the reflecting surface of luminous position and reflecting electrode of first luminescent layer, and the optical distance between the reflecting surface of the luminous position of second luminescent layer and reflecting electrode.In addition, by the thickness of adjustment cavity adjustment layer 92, can adjust the optical distance between the reflecting surface of luminous position and reflecting electrode of second luminescent layer.

As the organic EL of above formation in, the optical distance between the luminous position 50a of first luminescent layer 50 and the reflecting surface 91a of reflecting electrode is 125nm.In addition, the optical distance between the reflecting surface 81a of the luminous position 60a of second luminescent layer 60 and reflecting electrode 80 is 312.5nm.

First luminescent layer 50 in the present embodiment and second luminescent layer 60 are the white luminous layers that make orange light emitting layer and blue-light-emitting layer laminate, and the luminous central wavelength lambda that desire is taken out is 500nm.Therefore, the optical distance of the luminous position of first luminescent layer and the reflecting surface of reflecting electrode is (1/4) λ, and the optical distance of the luminous position of second luminescent layer and the reflecting surface of reflecting electrode is (5/8) λ.Therefore, be set in the scope of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the figure of the luminescent spectrum on the 60 ° of directions of luminescent spectrum and visual angle that are illustrated on the frontal of organic EL shown in Figure 9.Shown in figure 10ly know that the luminous intensity of 60 ° of directions of the luminous intensity of frontal and visual angle almost is an equal extent, the visual angle interdependence is lowered.The luminous intensity of the frontal of wavelength 500nm is 100, and the luminous intensity of the 60 ° of directions in visual angle is 83.

(reference examples 7)

Figure 11 is the pattern sectional view of the organic EL structure of expression reference examples 7.Likewise on substrate, form metallic film 41 with embodiment 17, on metallic film 41, form nesa coating 42.On nesa coating 42, form hole transporting layer 51.On hole transporting layer 51, form orange light emitting layer 11 and blue light-emitting layer 12.On blue light-emitting layer 12, form electron supplying layer 53.On electron supplying layer 53, form the metallic film 54 that forms by Ag that takes out electrode as light.

The organic EL of reference examples 7 only is provided with 1 luminescent layer, and first luminescent layer 10 only is set.Optical distance between the luminous position 10a of first luminescent layer 10 and the reflecting surface 41a of reflecting electrode 40 is 125nm.

Figure 12 is the figure of luminescent spectrum of 60 ° of directions of luminescent spectrum and visual angle of the frontal of expression reference examples 7.Can know that from Figure 12 the luminous intensity of 60 ° of directions of the luminous intensity of frontal and visual angle has a great difference.For example, in wavelength 500nm, the luminous intensity 100 of phase frontal direction, the luminous intensity of the 60 ° of directions in visual angle is 68, can know that the visual angle interdependence is big.

(reference examples 8)

With the same structure of embodiment shown in Figure 9 17 in, the distance of making between the reflecting surface 41a of luminous position 20a and reflecting electrode 40 of second luminescent layer 20 is the organic EL of 375nm.(3/4) λ when 375nm is equivalent to wavelength X=500nm.

If as 100, the luminous intensity of the 60 ° of directions in visual angle is 64 with the luminous intensity of the frontal among the wavelength 500nm of this reference examples 8.Therefore can know, compare that it is big that the visual angle interdependence becomes with embodiment 17.

Can know that from above expression the organic EL of embodiment 17 is compared with the organic EL of reference examples 8 with reference examples 7 designed according to this invention, can reduce the visual angle interdependence significantly.

Claims

1. organic electroluminescent device, have negative electrode, anode and between said negative electrode and said anode across a plurality of luminescence units of temporary location configuration, it is characterized in that:

Between said anode nearest said luminescence unit and said anode; Also have: the cavity adjustment layer of adjustment: pull out layer with first electronics that is adjacent to said cavity adjustment layer, be arranged on said luminescence unit side from the luminous position of said each luminescence unit to the optical distance of said anode

Said first electronics is pulled out layer and is formed by the pyrazines derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following,

Wherein, Ar representes aryl, and R representes alkyl, alkoxyl, dialkyl amido or F, Cl, Br, I or the CN of hydrogen, carbon number 1～10.

2. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Second electronics is pulled out layer and is adjacent to said cavity adjustment layer, and is set at said anode-side.

3. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:

Said second electronics is pulled out layer and is formed by the pyrazines derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following,

4. an organic electroluminescent device is characterized in that,

Have: negative electrode; Anode; Be configured in the temporary location between said negative electrode and the said anode; Be configured in first luminescence unit between said negative electrode and the said temporary location; Be configured in second luminescence unit between said anode and the said temporary location; And be configured between said temporary location and said first luminescence unit, be adjacent to said temporary location and the cavity adjustment unit that is provided with,

Said temporary location has: first electronics that is used for pulling out from said cavity adjustment unit electronics is pulled out layer; Be adjacent to said first electronics and pull out the electron injecting layer of anode-side of layer,

Said cavity adjustment unit has: be adjacent to said first electronics and pull out the cathode side of layer and be provided with, pulled out first cavity adjustment layer that layer is pulled out electronics by said first electronics; Pull out layer with second electronics that is used for pulling out electronics from the electron supply layer that is adjacent to cathode side,

Said first and/or second electronics is pulled out layer and is formed by the pyrazines derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following,

5. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:

Said electron supply layer is set in said first luminescence unit.

6. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:

Said electron supply layer is second cavity adjustment layer that is set in the said cavity adjustment unit.

7. like each described organic electroluminescent device in claim 1～3 or 4～6, it is characterized in that: said cavity adjustment layer is formed by cavity conveying property material.

8. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:

Said cavity conveying property material is a tertiary aromatic amine class material.

9. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:

Said cavity adjustment unit makes up said first cavity adjustment layer and said second electronics and pulls out layer, has these layers with the form of a plurality of repetitives.

10. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:

Be provided with electron supplying layer between said electron injecting layer in said temporary location and said second luminescence unit,

The absolute value of the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of said electron supplying layer (LUMO) | LUMO (F) | less than | LUMO (C) | or | WF (C) |.

11., it is characterized in that like claim 1,3,4 described organic electroluminescent devices:

Said first and/or second electronics is pulled out layer and is formed by the six azepine triphenylene derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following,

Wherein, R representes alkyl, alkoxyl, dialkyl amido or F, Cl, Br, I or the CN of hydrogen, carbon number 1～10.

12. an organic electroluminescent device, have reflecting electrode, light take out lateral electrode and be configured in said reflecting electrode with said light taking-up lateral electrode between first luminescent layer and second luminescent layer, it is characterized in that:

Optical distance between the luminous position of said first luminescent layer and the reflecting surface of said reflecting electrode is (n/x) λ, and the optical distance between the luminous position of said second luminescent layer and the reflecting surface of said reflecting electrode is [(n+m)/2x] λ,

λ is the luminous centre wavelength that desire is taken out, and n is an odd number, and m is an even number, and x is a natural number,

Said first luminescent layer and said second luminescent layer across temporary location by lamination,

Between said reflecting electrode and said temporary location, dispose said first luminescent layer; Between said light taking-up lateral electrode and said temporary location, dispose said second luminescent layer; In the case; Between said reflecting electrode and said first luminescent layer, be provided with first cavity adjustment layer, between said temporary location and said second luminescent layer, be provided with second cavity adjustment layer

The side that said reflecting electrode and said light take out in the lateral electrode is an anode, and the opposing party is a negative electrode,

Said temporary location is pulled out layer, is adjacent to this electronics and pulls out electron injecting layer and the electron supplying layer that is adjacent to the anode-side of this electron injecting layer of the anode-side of layer and constitute by the electronics that is arranged on cathode side,

Said electronics is pulled out layer and is pulled out electronics from the adjoining course that is adjacent to its anode-side; Through said electron injecting layer and said electron supplying layer the electronics of pulling out is supplied with anode-side; And the hole that will in said adjoining course, be produced by pulling out of electronics supplies to cathode side

Said electronics is pulled out layer and is formed by the pyrazines derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following,

13. organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that:

Said electronics is pulled out layer and is formed by the six azepine triphenylene derivatives of representing with the structural formula shown in following,

14., it is characterized in that like claim 12 or 13 described organic electroluminescent devices:

Said first cavity adjustment layer and/or said second cavity adjustment layer are formed by cavity conveying property material.

15. like claim 12 or 13 described organic electroluminescent devices, it is characterized in that: said first luminescent layer and said second luminescent layer are respectively the white luminous layer that has the structure of orange light emitting layer and blue-light-emitting layer laminate.

16. an organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same is characterized in that,

Possess: organic electroluminescent device with component structure of being clamped by anode and negative electrode; Be provided with the driven with active matrix substrate that is used for the active element of supplying with said organic electroluminescent device corresponding to the shows signal of each display pixel; The said organic electroluminescent device of configuration on said driven with active matrix substrate; This display unit is with being arranged on the organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of the electrode of said substrate-side as the bottom emissive type of transparency electrode in said negative electrode and the said anode

As said organic electroluminescent device, use each described organic electroluminescent device in the claim 1～3,4～6 or 12～13.

17. organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:

Said organic electroluminescent device is a white-light luminescent component, between said organic electroluminescent device and said substrate, disposes colour filter.

18. an organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same is characterized in that,

Possess: organic electroluminescent device with component structure of being clamped by anode and negative electrode; Be provided with the driven with active matrix substrate that is used for the active element of supplying with said organic electroluminescent device corresponding to the shows signal of each display pixel; With with this driven with active matrix substrate relatively and the transparent sealing substrate that is provided with; The said organic electroluminescent device of configuration between said driven with active matrix substrate and said hermetic sealing substrate; This display unit is with being arranged on the organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same of the electrode of said hermetic sealing substrate side as the top emission structure of transparency electrode in said negative electrode and the said anode

19. organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that:

Said organic electroluminescent device is a white-light luminescent component, between said organic electroluminescent device and said hermetic sealing substrate, disposes colour filter.

20. the light-emitting device of an organic electroluminescent is characterized in that:

Use each described organic electroluminescent device in the claim 1～3,4～6 or 12～13.