CN1904107A - Technological method for improving comprehensive performance of M42 high speed steel - Google Patents
Technological method for improving comprehensive performance of M42 high speed steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN1904107A CN1904107A CN 200610095006 CN200610095006A CN1904107A CN 1904107 A CN1904107 A CN 1904107A CN 200610095006 CN200610095006 CN 200610095006 CN 200610095006 A CN200610095006 A CN 200610095006A CN 1904107 A CN1904107 A CN 1904107A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a type of technology method which can boost general performance of M42 high speed steel. The key point is controlling the Si and Co account for 0.5%-0.55 and 7.9%-8.1% of total weight of compounding, and at the same time controlling nitrogen content of steel at 250-800ppm; and adding a quantitative of comb deoxidiser and rare earth element before tapping and after tapping. Through above treatment of micro-aloyage,deoxydate and inoculation, have obviously boost the purity, cleaning grain boundary of M42 steel, have proved crystallographic component and thinned carbide. This invention can even compare with import material on quenching hardness number, red hardness, impurity element content and carbide grain degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of steel, be specifically related to a kind of processing method of the M42 of raising rapid steel over-all properties.
Background technology
The M42 steel is a kind of very hard high-speed tool steel, its obdurability and workability exceed a class than superhard materials such as Wimet, be mainly used in the instrument of making cutting difficult-to-machine material (as various heat-resisting, non-corrosive metals etc.), as depth drill, broaching tool, screw tap, milling cutter, hobboing cutter etc.Past, when the many producers of China make the property instrument at the employing rapid steel, mostly from state's imports such as Japan, Austria, import rapid steel good uniformity, but price is comparatively expensive.In recent years, domestic existing part producer begins to produce rapid steel, and uses in certain customers, and its processing method is: intermediate frequency is smelted, and---esr---forges and become a useful person or base---rolling becoming a useful person.But the performance of the various rapid steel that domestic manufacturer produces is not as good as the import rapid steel, and compare existence than big gap the work-ing life that mainly is reflected in instrument with Imported timber.According to the contrast test that Shanghai Tools Co. did, the homemade universal high speed steel life-span only is about 60% of an Imported timber, mainly is the tempered-hardness inequality of quenching, and the hardness difference of the same specification of Imported timber is HRC0.5～1, and the hardness difference of homemade material is HRC1～2.Domestic colleague is also in the research of carrying out aspect this, in the hope of on work-ing life, make homemade rapid steel near or reach the level of import rapid steel, to reduce the import volume of high speed steel, save foreign exchange, but effect is not fairly obvious.
Summary of the invention
At existing M42 rapid steel processing method above shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of smelting technology method that can significantly improve M42 rapid steel over-all properties.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of processing method that improves M42 rapid steel over-all properties, mainly aspect the composition control silicon is being controlled at the middle upper limit, cobalt is controlled at lower limit, adds the trace nitrogen element simultaneously and carries out microalloying, and improve in the adding of special composition before tapping and in the tapping, particularly:
When 1, preparing burden, the content of silicon is controlled at the 0.5%-0.55% that accounts for the food ingredient gross weight, the content of cobalt is controlled at the 7.9%-8.1% that accounts for the food ingredient gross weight, adds the nitrogen element simultaneously and carry out microalloying in steel, making nitrogen in steel content is 250-800ppm;
2, before the tapping, add the composite deoxidant that accounts for total add-on 65%-80% earlier in stove, total add-on of composite deoxidant is a 2-5Kg/ steel per ton; And then in stove, add the rare earth element that accounts for total add-on 40%-60%, and total add-on of rare earth element is the 0.05%-0.20% of food ingredient gross weight, during calculating, rare earth element is not included in the batching;
3, in the tapping, the composite deoxidant of remaining 20%-35% and the rare earth element of remaining 40%-60% are added in the ladle by adding the order that adds rare earth element behind the composite deoxidant earlier.
Described composite deoxidant is any mixture that two or more combines in SiAlBaCa or the four kinds of materials that contained Si, Al, Ba and Ca by main component respectively.Described rare earth element is cerium or yttrium or mishmetal.
The present invention is by changing the add-on of silicon, cobalt and nitrogen in when batching, before tapping, add an amount of composite deoxidant and rare earth in the tapping, carry out microalloying and deoxidation and inoculation simultaneously, improve the purity of M42 steel, purify crystal boundary, improve crystal structure, the refinement carbide.Compare with former processing method, its quality of M42 rapid steel and the use properties of producing by this processing method obviously improve.Even compare with Imported timber, also not a halfpenny the worse on leading indicators such as the tempering hardness value of quenching, red hardness, impurity content and carbide particle degree, even aspect indivedual, also be better than Imported timber.Therefore, the cutting tool that the rapid steel that produces by this technology processes, can significantly improve work-ing life.
Embodiment
Improvement of the present invention mainly embodies aspect three: when 1, preparing burden, the content of silicon and cobalt is controlled at 0.5%-0.55% and the 7.9%-8.1% that accounts for the food ingredient gross weight respectively, in steel, add trace nitrogen simultaneously and carry out microalloying, nitrogen in steel content is brought up to 300-500ppm; 2, before tapping and in the tapping, add the composite deoxidant of different amounts,, purify the matrix of steel to improve the as-cast structure of rapid steel; 3, before tapping and in the tapping, add the proper amount of rare-earth element, improving the as-cast structure of rapid steel ingot casting, thereby improve the thermoplasticity of rapid steel and the toughness of big section material.By the common improvement of above-mentioned three aspects, make M42 rapid steel over-all properties be able to obvious lifting.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment production technique of the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of processing method that improves M42 rapid steel over-all properties,
When (1), preparing burden, the content of silicon is controlled at accounts for 0.5% of food ingredient gross weight, the content of cobalt is controlled at accounts for 7.9% of food ingredient gross weight, in steel, add trace nitrogen simultaneously and carry out microalloying, bring up to 800ppm about making nitrogen in steel content by traditional 150ppm;
(2), before the tapping, in stove, add the composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa that accounts for total add-on 80% earlier, total add-on of composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa is a 4Kg/ steel per ton in the present embodiment, promptly before the tapping, adds 3.2Kg composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa/ steel per ton earlier in stove; And then in stove, adding the rare-earth element cerium account for total add-on 50%, total add-on of cerium is 0.10% of a food ingredient gross weight in the present embodiment, adds the rare-earth element cerium that accounts for food ingredient gross weight 0.050% again after promptly adding composite deoxidant;
(3), in the tapping, composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa with remaining 20% (being 0.8KgSiAlBaCa/ steel per ton) and remaining 50% rare-earth element cerium (account for food ingredient gross weight 0.050%) add in the ladle successively.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of processing method that improves M42 rapid steel over-all properties,
(1), when batching, the content of silicon is controlled at accounts for 0.55% of food ingredient gross weight, the content of cobalt is controlled at accounts for 8.1% of food ingredient gross weight, in steel, add trace nitrogen simultaneously and carry out microalloying, making nitrogen in steel content is 400ppm;
(2), before the tapping, in stove, add earlier the composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa that accounts for total add-on 70%, total add-on of composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa is a 5Kg/ steel per ton; And then in stove, adding the rare earth element yttrium that accounts for total add-on 40%, total add-on of yttrium is 0.20% of a food ingredient gross weight;
(3), the tapping in, composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa with remaining 30% and remaining 60% rare earth element yttrium add in the ladle successively.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of processing method that improves M42 rapid steel over-all properties,
When (1), preparing burden, the content of silicon is controlled at accounts for 0.52% of food ingredient gross weight, the content of cobalt is controlled at accounts for 8.0% of food ingredient gross weight, in steel, add trace nitrogen simultaneously and carry out microalloying, bring up to 250ppm about making nitrogen in steel content by traditional 150ppm.
(2), before the tapping, in stove, add earlier the composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa that accounts for total add-on 65%, total add-on of SiAlBaCa is a 2Kg/ steel per ton; And then in stove, adding the rare-earth element cerium that accounts for total add-on 60%, total add-on of cerium is 0.05% of a food ingredient gross weight;
(3), the tapping in, composite deoxidant SiAlBaCa with remaining 35% and remaining 40% rare-earth element cerium add in the ladle successively.
In the above-mentioned technology, the effect that adds nitrogen is tensile strength, secondary hardness and the red hardness that improves rapid steel.
The effect of composite deoxidant is that molten steel is carried out inoculation and final deoxygenation, improves the as-cast structure of rapid steel, purifies the matrix of steel.Except the SiAlBaCa of the foregoing description, it can also be to contain Si, main component by main component to contain Al, main component and contain any mixture that two or more combines in these four kinds of materials that Ba and main component contain Ca, contain the mixture that these two kinds of materials that Si and main component contain Al form as main component, main component contains the mixture that these two kinds of materials that Si and main component contain Ca form, and main component contains Si, main component and contains mixture that these three kinds of materials that Ba and main component contain Al form etc.
The effect of rare earth element is that steel is carried out inoculation, and it can significantly improve the as-cast structure of rapid steel ingot casting, purifies crystal boundary, thereby improves the thermoplasticity of rapid steel and the toughness of big section material.Rare earth is strengthened the effect of crystal boundary in addition simultaneously.Rare earth element can also be a mishmetal except above-mentioned cerium, yttrium.
The M42 rapid steel of this explained hereafter is compared with the M42 rapid steel that adopts former explained hereafter, and quality and use properties obviously improve, and compares with Imported timber Austria Bole M42 rapid steel, and quality is also equally matched.
Below for by the comparison between some the key technical indexes of the M42 rapid steel of this explained hereafter and the Austrian Bole M42 of Imported timber rapid steel.
1. the tempered-hardness of quenching relatively
1170 ℃ and 1190 ℃ of quenchings, the tempered-hardness of quenching under 540 ℃ of tempered condition sees Table 1 by the M42 steel of the M42 steel of this explained hereafter and Austrian Bole company.
The tempered-hardness of quenching of table 1 M42 rapid steel of the present invention and Bole M42 rapid steel compares
| Test conditions | Numbering | Bole M42 hardness (HRC) | M42 hardness of the present invention (HRC) |
| 1190℃+540℃×2h×3 | 1# | 69 69 69 | 69 69.5 69.5 |
| 2# | 69 69 69.5 | 69 69 68.5 | |
| Mean value | 69.1 | 69.1 | |
| 1170℃+540℃×2h×3 | 1# | 68.5 68.5 68.5 | 69 69 69 |
| 2# | 68.5 68.5 69 | 68.5 69 69 | |
| Mean value | 68.58 | 68.92 |
2. red hardness relatively
The M42 rapid steel of producing by the M42 rapid steel of this explained hereafter and Austrian Bole company sees Table 2 in the red hardness of 625 ℃ of additional tempering after four hours.
Table 2 M42 rapid steel of the present invention and Bole M42 Red Hardness of High Speed Steel are relatively
| Test conditions | Numbering | Bole M42 red hardness (HRC) | M42 red hardness of the present invention (HRC) |
| 1170℃+540℃+625℃×4h | 1# | 62 62.5 62.5 | 60 60 60.5 |
| 2# | 60 60.5 59.5 | 62.5 62.5 62.5 | |
| Mean value | 61.17 | 61.33 |
3. non-metallic inclusion
M42 steel before the inoculation and the M42 nonmetallic inclusionsin steel after the inoculation are tested, and test result sees Table 3.
Non-metallic inclusion behind former technology of table 3 M42 steel and inoculation and the use composite deoxidant in the steel relatively
| Specification (mm) | Non-metallic inclusion before the inoculation | Non-metallic inclusion after the inoculation | |
| Φ360 | Φ70 | D1.5 B0.5 | D1 B0.5 |
| ESR ingot | Φ60 | D1.5 B0.5 | D1 B0.5 |
4. impurity content relatively
Impurity element relatively sees Table 4 in the M42 steel of producing by the M42 steel of this explained hereafter and Austrian Bole company.
Table 4 Bole M42 and M42 impurity element detected result of the present invention
| Detection elements | Bole M42 (%) | M42 of the present invention (adding pure iron) (%) | M42 of the present invention (adding tube head) (%) |
| As | 0.0078 | 0.0080 | 0.0078 |
| Pb | 0.0032 | 0.0030 | 0.0033 |
| Sn | 0.0055 | 0.0034 | 0.0042 |
| Cu | 0.098 | 0.040 | 0.077 |
| Ni | 0.17 | 0.042 | 0.055 |
| Sb | 0.0075 | 0.0071 | 0.0073 |
| Bi | 0.0040 | 0.0025 | 0.0036 |
5. carbide particle degree
The eutectic carbides unevenness rank of the broaching tool base (65.5 * 28) that M42 (65.5 * 28) the broaching tool base that the present invention produces and Bole's import M42 material are produced and the contrast of carbide particle see Table 5.
Table 5: the present invention produces the carbide particle degree of broaching tool base and Bole's material production broaching tool base
| Specification (mm) | Numbering | Eutectic carbides unevenness (rank) | Most particle um | Middle size particle um | Maximum particle size um |
| Material 65.5 * 28 of the present invention | 1 2 3 4 | 2.5 3 3 3 | 5 5 5 5 | 8 8 8 8 | 12 13 16 16 |
| Bole's material 65.5 * 28 | 1 2 3 4 | 2 2 2.5 2.5 | 4 4 4 4 | 8 8 8 8 | 16 17 22 24 |
By relatively drawing as drawing a conclusion: the M42 rapid steel that (1) the present invention produces is 1170 ℃ of quenchings, the tempering hardness value of quenching during 540 ℃ of tempering is slightly higher than Bole material, 1190 ℃ of quenchings, hardness value during 540 ℃ of tempering is identical, therefore we can say that M42 steel of the present invention and the Bole M42 steel hardness value under above two kinds of quenching temperatures is suitable.(2) under the condition of 1170 ℃+540 ℃+625 ℃ * 4h, the red hardness of M42 steel of the present invention is a little more than Bole M42 steel.(3) As, Pb, Sb, Bi quaternary element, Bole M42 steel and M42 steel of the present invention do not have any difference, and Ni element Bole material doubles many than the present invention, Sn, Cu two constituent content Bole materials are also high than the present invention material, and M42 steel that this explanation the present invention produces is poor unlike Imported timber aspect the purity of material.(4) as can be seen, at the granule carbonide of reduced size, Bole's material is generally than the little 1um of the present invention material, and middle size particle two families are just the same, and largest particle carbide Bole M42 is bigger than the present invention M42 from the situation of carbide particle degree.This shows, improve greatly by its over-all properties of M42 rapid steel that processing method provided by the invention is produced.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of processing method that improves M42 rapid steel over-all properties is characterized in that:
When (1), preparing burden, the content of silicon is controlled at the 0.5%-0.55% that accounts for the food ingredient gross weight, the content of cobalt is controlled at the 7.9%-8.1% that accounts for the food ingredient gross weight, adds the nitrogen element simultaneously and carry out microalloying in steel, making nitrogen in steel content is 250-800ppm;
(2), before the tapping, in stove, add earlier the composite deoxidant that accounts for total add-on 65%-80%, total add-on of composite deoxidant is a 2-5Kg/ steel per ton; And then in stove, adding the rare earth element that accounts for total add-on 40%-60%, total add-on of rare earth element is the 0.05%-0.20% of food ingredient gross weight;
(3), in the tapping, the composite deoxidant of remaining 20%-35% and the rare earth element of remaining 40%-60% are added in the ladle by adding the order that adds rare earth element behind the composite deoxidant earlier.
2, processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described composite deoxidant is any mixture that two or more combines in SiAlBaCa or the four kinds of materials that contained Si, Al, Ba and Ca by main component respectively.
3, processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rare earth element is cerium or yttrium.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102344992A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-02-08 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Composite deoxidizer used in steelmaking and use method thereof |
| CN102776380A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-14 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Method for preparing regenerated high-speed steel material through electroslag metallurgy and adding rear earth oxide |
| CN111961805A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-20 | 燕山大学 | High manganese steel liquid purification method, product and application |
| CN113355587A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-07 | 东北大学 | High-speed steel and method for comprehensively improving as-cast structure by microalloying magnesium and rare earth thereof and increasing solidification pressure |
| CN114015926A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-08 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-V high-speed steel and high-V high-speed steel |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2702728B2 (en) * | 1988-02-08 | 1998-01-26 | 日立金属株式会社 | High hardness, high toughness, high speed steel by plastic working of ingot |
| CN1013885B (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1991-09-11 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Special high-speed containing cobalt and aluminium |
| CN1330163A (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2002-01-09 | 薛国南 | Process for preparing deoxidant used in smelting steel and its composite rare-earth deoxidant |
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2006
- 2006-07-31 CN CNB2006100950067A patent/CN100443612C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102344992A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-02-08 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Composite deoxidizer used in steelmaking and use method thereof |
| CN102776380A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-14 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Method for preparing regenerated high-speed steel material through electroslag metallurgy and adding rear earth oxide |
| CN111961805A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-20 | 燕山大学 | High manganese steel liquid purification method, product and application |
| CN111961805B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-04-27 | 燕山大学 | High manganese steel liquid purification method, product and application |
| CN113355587A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-07 | 东北大学 | High-speed steel and method for comprehensively improving as-cast structure by microalloying magnesium and rare earth thereof and increasing solidification pressure |
| CN114015926A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-08 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-V high-speed steel and high-V high-speed steel |
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