CN1900714B - Quick semi-seed evaluating method for polished long-grained nonglutinous rice type edible high quality rice - Google Patents
Quick semi-seed evaluating method for polished long-grained nonglutinous rice type edible high quality rice Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method includes following steps: (1) exuviating indica type rice to obtain unpolished rice, splitting unpolished rice to two halves, no embryo end in use for mensuration, and embryo end in use for germination, becoming seedling; (2) soaking the half of no embryo end by using alkali liquor; (3) observing raised height of curved surface of transverse section after soaking by alkali liquor. Through height of curved surface, the method determines choiceness from cooking and eating quality. Embryo end corresponding to good quality is stock use. Features are: simple, reduced operational steps, in favor of filtrating good quality rice, and raised breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of appraise method of fine quality rice, relate in particular to a kind of quick half appraise method of indica type edible high quality rice.
Background technology
Rice quality improvement having become the world produces crucial breeding objective of rice country.China produces rice big country, and the improvement rice quality is set up the rational diet structure to the people, promotes health of people; To improving the rice market competitiveness, increase peasant's income, the development export trade is all significant.
The paddy of China is divided into edible paddy by its purposes, feed paddy, and industrial paddy and characteristic paddy, but based on edible paddy.According to China NY20-1986 " high-quality eats rice ", GBT/17891-1999 " high quality paddy ", NY/T593-2002 " edible rice varieties quality " and the ISO7301-1988 of ISO (International Standards Organization) and international rice quality standard, all edible rice quality is divided into processing quality, is brown rice rate, polished rice rate and head rice rate; Exterior quality: i.e. grain length, length breadth ratio, chalk rice rate and chalkiness degree; Boiling and food flavor quality; Be amylose content, glue denseness, gelatinization point and food flavor.And food flavor is divided into smell, the color and luster of rice, palatability and cold meal flexibility etc.; Nutritional quality: promptly egg is by matter content etc.In these rice quality projects, GB/T17891-1999 " high quality paddy " standard clearly regulation high-quality edible paddy quality deciding grade and level is a head rice rate, chalkiness degree, amylose content and food flavor.About rice assay method and rice are enjoyed method, in the NY147-88 of China Ministry of Agriculture promulgation " meter matter determination method " and national GB/T15683-1995 " paddy amylose determination method " that issues and TB/T15682-1995 standards such as " rice cooking test flavor evaluations ", made clearly regulation, but it is identified and assessment method is applicable to that just strain, kind and hybrid paddy rice make up the evaluation of quality.Though the simple grain of amylose content or the research report of half determination method are recently arranged, yet because analytical approach is loaded down with trivial details, for the rice quality improvement, particularly in the seed selection process of the simple grain of segregating generation, individual plant, strain system.To the material of the jumpbogroup scale of construction, half brown rice amylose content determination method may do not finished because operation is loaded down with trivial details; Simple grain brown rice amylose content determination method is owing to all clear up whole grain brown rice fall, even find that this brown rice is best in quality, also It dones't help the situation.Still lack appraise method effectively and correlation technique directly perceived, simple and direct, quick and that can preserve elected excellent individual material up to order.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide half method of the indica type edible high quality rice of a kind of appraise quickly and easily,, improve breeding efficiency to improve the specific aim of in the superior rice breeding process filial generation being selected.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can realize by following technical measures:
(1) indica type rice shelling is obtained brown rice, brown rice is split into two halves in 1/2 place, no embryo end uses for measuring, and has the embryo end to give over to germinating to seedling;
(2) will not having half rice grain clears up with dipping by lye;
(3) observation brown rice transverse section protruding curved surface height after dipping by lye is cleared up by the boiling and the edible quality quality of curved surface height judgement rice, is selected half individuality of superior rice, numerous kind in the band half rice grain brown rice of its correspondence.
Described step (2) concrete steps are as follows: embryo end brown rice is placed in the 10ml ampere bottle of cleaning oven dry, the sodium hydroxide solution that adds 1～3ml concentration, 0.1～0.3mol/l, shake half section do not touched bottle at the bottom of and a bottle limit, bottle is changed in 30 ± 0.5 ℃～50 ± 0.5 ℃ constant temperature ovens, insulation 40～60min, take out continuous water wash-off agents gently, add 5ml distilled water again and keep 4～6min, water is poured out.Described step (3) should be in step (2) during pouring with half rotation, make section be affixed on bottle limit and stand upside down towards second grain, measure its section projection curved surface height with chi behind 0.5～1min.
Between curved surface height 0.5～2.0mm described in the described step (3) is the superior rice individuality, and the curved surface height is greater than 2.0mm and to be decided to be non-prime rice less than the brown rice of 0.5mm individual.Its individual corresponding half rice grain brown rice is germinating to seedling according to a conventional method.
Appraise method provided by the invention is the quality by can appraise rice to the mensuration of the curved surface height of the section projection of rice through clearing up only, compare with existing half brown rice amylose content determination method, method of the present invention is simple and convenient, reduced the multistep operation steps, both reduced cost, also reduce the time, be particularly suitable for material with the jumpbogroup scale of construction; Compare with simple grain brown rice amylose content determination method, this method except that reduced the multistep operation steps, reduced cost, the minimizing time, can also leave strip embryo end brown rice germination Cheng Miao, help screening the superior rice individuality, improve breeding efficiency.Following sets forth in detail beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. embryo end brown rice boiling and the food flavor quality quality of clearing up section projection curved surface height and edible rice has significant correlation.
According to GB/T17891-1999 " high quality paddy " national standard, the quality trait of decision rice deciding grade and level is chalkiness degree, amylose content, glue denseness, alkali disappear value gelatinization point and food flavor.Clear up the correlativity of protruding curved surface height and above-mentioned quality trait by analyzing rice variety embryo end brown rice section, the results are shown in Table 1.
The rice crosscut section of table 1 rice varieties is cleared up related coefficient between protruding curved surface height and quality trait
| Chalkiness degree | Amylose content | The glue denseness | Gelatinization point | Food flavor | |
| Related coefficient | -0.702 | -0.829 | 0.976 | 0.649 | 0.892 |
| P | 0.015 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 |
From the listed related coefficient of table 1 as can be seen:
(1) chalkiness degree and protruding curved surface height correlation coefficient are-0.702, and the P value is 0.015.Both have remarkable negative correlation.Be that chalkiness degree is big, the curved surface height is then little, and chalkiness degree is little, and the curved surface height is then big.
(2) amylose content and curved surface height correlation coefficient are-0.829, and the P value is 0.000.Both have extremely significantly negative correlation, i.e. amylose content height, and the curved surface height is then little, and amylose content is low, and the curved surface height is then high.
(3) glue denseness and curved surface height correlation coefficient are 0.976, and the P value is 0.000.Both have extremely significant positive correlation, and promptly the glue denseness is soft more, and the curved surface height is big more; Otherwise the glue denseness is hard more, and the curved surface height is more little.
(4) gelatinization point (alkali disappear value) is 0.649 with curved surface height correlation coefficient, and the P value is 0.012, and both also have significant positive correlation.Be that gelatinization point (alkali disappear value) is big more, the curved surface height is also high more, and gelatinization point (alkali disappear value) is more little, and the curved surface height is also more little.
(5) food flavor and curved surface height correlation coefficient are 0.892, and the P value is 0.000.Both are remarkable positive correlation, and promptly food flavor is for good more, and the curved surface height is high more.
From the mensuration and the analysis of above 5 rice quality proterties and rice square section projection curved surface height correlation coefficient, rice is cleared up crosscut section projection curved surface height can determine edible rice quality quality, and this is foothold of the present invention.
2. the embryo end brown rice of high-grade rice kind is cleared up section projection curved surface height between 0.5～2.0mm.
Select the rice varieties of different rice matter grades for use, analyze its embryo end brown rice and clear up section projection curved surface height and the results are shown in Table 2.
The embryo end brown rice of table 2 rice varieties is cleared up section projection curved surface height and rice matter grade
| Variety name | Curved surface height (mm) | Rice matter grade | Remarks |
| Zhejiang 982 | 1.6-2.0 | 3 grades | Early rice |
| Hubei Province early No. 9 | 0.0 | Non- | Early rice |
| Praise and educate 164 | 2.2 | Non- | Early rice |
| Jianzhen No. 2 | 1.6-2.0 | 1 grade | Semilate rice |
| HQ989 | 1.6-1.8 | 2 grades | Semilate rice |
| Natural fragrant rice | 1.5 | 3 grades | Semilate rice |
| 731 | 0.0 | Non- | Semilate rice |
| Jing You early 104 | 1.2-1.7 | 3 grades | Early rice |
| 089 | 1.1-1.5 | 3 grades | Early rice |
| 643 | 0.4 | Non- | Early rice |
| Khao Dawkmali 105 | 1.6-1.8 | 2 grades | Semilate rice |
| Raise rice No. 6 | 1.4-1.7 | 3 grades | Semilate rice |
| 9596 | 1.1-1.6 | 2 grades | Semilate rice |
| 891 | 2.3 | Non- | Semilate rice |
As shown in Table 2, in 14 kinds being analyzed, the embryo end brown rice of 9 superior rice kinds is cleared up section projection curved surface height all between 0.5～2.0mm, shows thus, can be with clearing up section projection curved surface height 0.5～2.0mm as the evaluation criterion of differentiating the superior rice individuality.
3. the germination percentage of band embryo end brown rice is higher, for numerous kind of screening of high-grade rice individuality provides good condition.
Through experiment, though half brown rice causes germination percentage decline 1-2% going out the damage embryo that has when rough to a certain degree, the germination percentage difference between paddy, brown rice and half the brown rice three is significantly (table 3) not.
Table 3 paddy, brown rice, half brown rice germination rate are relatively
Embodiment
Embodiment one
(1) indica type rice shelling is obtained brown rice, with blade brown rice is split into two halves in 1/2 place, no embryo end uses for measuring, and has the embryo end to give over to germinating to seedling;
(2) will not having half rice grain clears up with dipping by lye: will not have embryo end brown rice and place in the 10ml ampere bottle of cleaning oven dry, the sodium hydroxide solution that adds 1ml concentration 0.15mol/l, shake half section do not touched bottle at the bottom of and a bottle limit, bottle is changed in 30 ± 0.5 ℃ of constant temperature ovens, insulation 60min, take out continuous water wash-off agents gently, add 5ml distilled water again and keep 4min, water is poured out.With half rotation, make section be affixed on bottle limit and stand upside down during pouring, measure its section projection curved surface height with chi behind the 1min towards second grain.
(3) observation brown rice transverse section projection curved surface height, between curved surface height 0.5～2.0mm is the superior rice individuality, the curved surface height is greater than 2.0mm and to be decided to be non-prime rice less than the brown rice of 0.5mm individual, and elected individual corresponding half rice grain brown rice is germinating to seedling according to a conventional method.
Embodiment two
(1) indica type rice shelling is obtained brown rice, with blade brown rice is split into two halves in 1/2 place, no embryo end uses for measuring, and has the embryo end to give over to germinating to seedling;
(2) will not having half rice grain clears up with dipping by lye: will not have embryo end brown rice and place in the 10ml ampere bottle of cleaning oven dry, the sodium hydroxide solution that adds 2ml concentration 0.2mol/l, shake half section do not touched bottle at the bottom of and a bottle limit, bottle is changed in 40 ± 0.5 ℃ of constant temperature ovens, insulation 40min, take out continuous water wash-off agents gently, add 5ml distilled water again and keep 5min, water is poured out.With half rotation, make section be affixed on bottle limit and stand upside down during pouring, measure its section projection curved surface height with chi behind the 1min towards second grain.
(3) observation brown rice transverse section projection curved surface height, between curved surface height 0.5～2.0mm is the superior rice individuality, the curved surface height is greater than 2.0mm and to be decided to be non-prime rice less than the brown rice of 0.5mm individual, and elected individual corresponding half rice grain brown rice is germinating to seedling according to a conventional method.
Embodiment three
(1) indica type rice shelling is obtained brown rice, with blade brown rice is split into two halves in 1/2 place, no embryo end uses for measuring, and has the embryo end to give over to germinating to seedling;
(2) will not having half rice grain clears up with dipping by lye: will not have embryo end brown rice and place in the 10ml ampere bottle of cleaning oven dry, the sodium hydroxide solution that adds 3ml concentration 0.25mol/l, shake half section do not touched bottle at the bottom of and a bottle limit, bottle is changed in 50 ± 0.5 ℃ of constant temperature ovens, insulation 35min, take out continuous water wash-off agents gently, add 5ml distilled water again and keep 6min, water is poured out.With half rotation, make section be affixed on bottle limit and stand upside down during pouring, measure its section projection curved surface height with chi behind the 0.5min towards second grain.
(3) observation brown rice transverse section projection curved surface height, between curved surface height 0.5～2.0mm is the superior rice individuality, the curved surface height is greater than 2.0mm and to be decided to be non-prime rice less than the brown rice of 0.5mm individual, and elected individual corresponding half rice grain brown rice is germinating to seedling according to a conventional method.
Claims (2)
1. quick half appraise method of an indica type edible high quality rice may further comprise the steps:
(1) indica type rice shelling is obtained brown rice, brown rice is split into two halves, no embryo end uses for measuring, and has the embryo end to give over to germinating to seedling;
(2) will not having half rice grain clears up with dipping by lye;
(3) observation brown rice transverse section protruding curved surface height through dipping by lye is cleared up after is judged the boiling and the edible quality quality of rice by the curved surface height, half individuality of selection superior rice, its correspondence numerous kind in half rice grain brown rice arranged.
2. quick half appraise method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2) concrete steps are as follows: will not have embryo end brown rice and place in the 10ml ampere bottle of cleaning oven dry, the sodium hydroxide solution that adds 1～3ml concentration, 0.1～0.3mol/l, shake half section do not touched bottle at the bottom of and a bottle limit, bottle is changed in 30 ± 0.5 ℃～50 ± 0.5 ℃ constant temperature ovens, and insulation 40～60min takes out continuous water wash-off agents, add 5ml distilled water again and keep 4～6min, water is poured out;
Described step (3) should be in step (2) during pouring with half rotation, make section be affixed on bottle limit and stand upside down towards second grain, measure brown rice transverse section protruding curved surface height after dipping by lye is cleared up with chi behind 0.5～1min.
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| CN108519377A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | A method of screening has excellent flavour feature rice plant |
| CN111272959B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-02-26 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for judging quality stability of multi-year/multi-point rice variety |
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| JP2004184244A (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-07-02 | Nippon Seimai Kogyokai | Quality evaluation method and quality evaluation device for wash-free rice |
| CN1619306A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2005-05-25 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice amylose content and dextrinization temperature fast synergistic determining method |
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| CN1619306A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2005-05-25 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice amylose content and dextrinization temperature fast synergistic determining method |
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