CN1895750A

CN1895750A - Coal-fired smoke boiler purifier and purification

Info

Publication number: CN1895750A
Application number: CN 200610046879
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯之军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-06-13
Filing date: 2006-06-13
Publication date: 2007-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2026-06-13
Also published as: CN100409924C

Abstract

A fume cleaning apparatus for the boiler burning coal is composed of a filtering cylinder with raw materials' inlet and outlet and fume inlet and outlet, cooler of fume, automatic SO2 detector, breaker, materials mixer sphericizing machine, conveyer and lifting machine. Its fume cleaning method includes such steps as proportionally mixing lime, gypsum, powdered coal ash and water, sphericizing the mixture, filling the spherical particles in filtering cylinder, gravitationally moving them through the filtering cylinder, discharging and breaking.

Description

Coal-fired boiler flue gas purification device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a purification device and a method, in particular to a coal-fired boiler flue gas purification device and a method, which are suitable for removing harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and the like in flue gas of medium and small industrial coal-fired boilers and kilns thereof.

Background

Because the coal contains sulfur, a large amount of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and the like are mixed in the flue gas generated by the combustion of the medium and small coal-fired boilers, and the peripheral environment and the atmosphere are seriously polluted along with the discharge of the flue gas of the coal-fired boilers. In order to solve the problem of pollution of flue gas of medium and small coal-fired boilers, smoke and dust removing equipment such as an electrostatic dust collector, a cyclone dust collector or a wet dust collector and the like is usually arranged on a flue gas outlet of the boiler. The electrostatic dust collector has the defects of large occupied area, large investment, high requirements on installation and operation conditions and incapability of eliminating harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide in flue gas. The dust removal efficiency of the cyclone dust collector is only 80-90%, and the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas can not be removed. The wet dust collector has low desulfurization efficiency and high operation cost, has secondary pollution, does not have a sulfur dioxide monitoring device, and brings inconvenience for removing sulfides in flue gas of medium and small coal-fired boilers.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a coal-fired boiler flue gas purification device and a method thereof, which not only have high desulfurization efficiency,low operation cost and no secondary pollution, but also can collect fine dust particles in the flue gas.

The invention aims to realize the purpose, which comprises a filter tank and is characterized in that the upper end and the lower end of the filter tank are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a movable active particle ball is arranged in the filter tank, and the tank walls at the two sides of the filter tank are respectively provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet; a cooler is arranged on the inlet of the flue gas, an automatic sulfur dioxide detector is arranged on the outlet of the flue gas, and a crusher is arranged at the discharge port of the filter tank; a conveyer is arranged among the crusher, the mixing and proportioning device and the ball making machine, and a lifter is also arranged between the ball making machine and the feed inlet of the filter tank.

The active particle balls moving in the filter tank are either ellipsoid or cylinder.

A coal-fired boiler flue gas purification method, characterized by that active granular ball raw materials and the part ratio of each raw materials weight are as follows, the raw materials are made up of lime, gypsum, fly ash and water, the part ratio of each raw materials weight is lime 1, gypsum 1.5, fly ash 1 and water 1, put active granular ball raw materials lime, gypsum, fly ash and water into mixing batcher to mix according to the part ratio of 1: 1.5: 1 by weight at first, make active granular ball with even raw materials mixed, then pack the active granular ball in the filter tank; the active particle balls move to a discharge port at the bottom of the filter tank under the action of self gravity, are crushed and discharged by a crusher through the discharge port at the bottom of the filter tank, the powdery raw materials discharged by the crusher are re-added with lime and then are re-fed into the mixing and proportioning device by the conveyor, and the mixed raw materials are re-made into the active particle balls by the conveyor and the ball making machine; reacting sulfur dioxide in the flue gas with calcium hydroxide in the active particle balls to generate calcium sulfate, separating sulfur dioxide gas from the flue gas, discharging desulfurized flue gas tail gas through a flue gas outlet, and automatically detecting the discharged flue gas tail gas through an automatic sulfur dioxide monitor; when the discharged gas reaches the standard, the crushing discharging machine is powered off and stops working, and the active particle balls still have desulfurization activity; when the sulfur dioxide in the exhaust flue gas exceeds the standard, the crusher below the discharge port of the filter tank automatically works to crush the particles which lose activity; the reactive active particle balls arranged on the upper part of the filter tank continuously move downwards under the action of gravity, so that the desulfurization capacity of the active particle balls in the filter tank is ensured; meanwhile, after entering the filter tank along with the flue gas, the particle dust in the flue gas is repeatedly collided with the active particle balls for many times and trapped in the filter tank, so that the particle dust in the flue gas is eliminated, the trapped dust particles move to the bottom of the filter tank along with the active particle balls which continuously move downwards, and the filter tank is discharged from a discharge port along with the active particle balls.

Wherein lime Ca (OH)₂It is used for desulfurization, gypsum and water are used as binder, and fly ash is used as catalyst.

The invention has the advantages that the filter tank is filled with active particle balls which are prepared by mixing lime, gypsum and fly ash and can fully adsorb sulfur dioxide, so that the contact time of the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide among the active particle balls is long, the sulfur dioxide can be fully adsorbed by the active particle balls, the complete separation of the sulfur dioxide and the flue gas is realized, and new active particle balls are continuously supplemented in the filter tank because the active particle balls in the filter tank continuously move, so that the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is thoroughly removed.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1, a filter tank 10 is formed by bending and welding steel plates, an inclined feed inlet 5 is arranged above the filter tank 10, a discharge outlet 4 is arranged at the bottom of the filter tank 10, a flue gas inlet 2 is arranged on the tank wall at the left side of the filter tank 10, and a flue gas outlet 6 is arranged on the tank wall at the right side of the filter tank 10. The flue gas inlet 2 is connected with a cylindrical water cooler 3 with an interlayer by a flange, and the flue gas outlet 6 is also provided with an automatic sulfur dioxide detector. A discharge port 4 of the filter tank 10 is provided with a double-roller crusher 8; a conveyor 9 is arranged between the crusher 8 and the mixing batcher 11, a conveyor 12 is arranged between the mixing batcher 11 and the ball forming machine 13, and a lifter 1 is arranged between the ball forming machine 13 and the feed inlet 5 of the filter tank 10. Wherein the mixing batcher 11 adopts a conical mixer, and the ball making machine 13 adopts a briquette machine. The active particle balls moving in the filter tank are spherical bodies, elliptic bodies or cylinders.

The flue gas purification method of the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, placing active particle ball raw materials of lime, gypsum, fly ash and water in a mixing proportioning device 11 according to the weight part ratio of 1: 1.5: 1 for mixing, then feeding the uniformly mixed raw materials into a ball making machine 13 through a conveyor 12 to prepare active particle balls 7, and then filling the active particle balls 7 prepared by the ball making machine 13 into a filter tank 10 through a lifting machine 1 and a feed inlet 5 of the filter tank 10; the active particle balls 7 move to the discharge port 4 at the bottom of the filter tank 10 under the action of self gravity, and are discharged after being crushed by the double-roller crusher 8 through the discharge port 4 at the bottom of the filter tank 10. The powdery raw materials discharged by the crusher 8 are added with lime again and then are sent into a mixing proportioning device 11 for mixing through a conveyer 9, and the mixed raw materials are sent into a ball making machine 13 through a conveyer 12 to be made into active particle balls 7 again. The flue gas that boiler furnace got rid of passes through the cooling of cooler 3, and the flue gas after the cooling is got into canister 10 by flue gas inlet 2, and the velocity of flow slows down after the flue gas gets into canister 10, and sulfur dioxide in the flue gas reacts with the granule ball:

the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide has slow flow speed and long contact time between the active particle balls, so that the sulfur dioxide and the active particle balls fully react to complete the separation of sulfur dioxidegas and the flue gas, and the flue gas tail gas after desulfurization is discharged through the flue gas outlet 6. And the exhausted flue gas tail gas is automatically detected by an automatic sulfur dioxide monitor. When the discharged tail gas reaches the standard, the crusher 8 is powered off and stops working, and the active particle balls 7 still have desulfurization activity. When the sulfur dioxide in the tail gas of the discharged flue gas exceeds the standard, the power supply of a crusher 8 below a discharge port 4 of the filter tank 10 is switched on to automatically start working, and the particles which lose activity are crushed; the reactive active particle balls 7 arranged on the upper part of the filter tank 10 continuously move downwards under the action of gravity, so that the desulfurization capacity of the active particle balls 7 in the filter tank 10 is ensured. Meanwhile, after entering the filter tank 10 along with the flue gas, the particle dust in the flue gas falls into the filter tank 10 by repeatedly colliding with the active particle balls 7 for many times, so that the particle dust in the flue gas is eliminated, the collected particle dust moves to the bottom of the filter tank 10 along with the active particle balls 7 which continuously move downwards, and the particle dust is discharged from the discharge hole 4 of the filter tank 10 along with the active particle balls 7. For lime Ca (OH) after the reaction is finished₂Low content of CaSO₄The waste residue can be directly discharged for landfill treatment and the like, because of CaSO₄The component (A) is gypsum, so that no secondary pollution is caused. The waste residue after treatment contains Ca (OH)₂Can be reused by making balls, and Ca (OH) is reduced₂Is wasted. The method uses little water and is economical. Due to the smoke outlet 6The tail gas is added with an automatic sulfur dioxide monitor, thereby ensuring the removalSulfur dioxide SO₂Reliability of harmful gas. The fly ash is selected as the catalyst, so that the air permeability of the active particle ball 7 is improved, and the waste is utilized.

Claims

1. A coal-fired boiler flue gas purification device comprises a filter tank, and is characterized in that the upper end and the lower end of the filter tank are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, movable active particle balls are arranged in the filter tank, and the tank walls at the two sides of the filter tank are respectively provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet; a cooler is arranged on the inlet of the flue gas, an automatic sulfur dioxide detector is arranged on the outlet of the flue gas, and a crusher is arranged at the discharge port of the filter tank; a conveyer is arranged among the crusher, the mixing and proportioning device and the ball making machine, and a lifter is also arranged between the ball making machine and the feed inlet of the filter tank.

2. The flue gas cleaning device for coal-fired boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said active particle balls are either ellipsoid or cylinder.

3. A coal-fired boiler flue gas purification method is characterized in that active particle ball raw materials and the weight part proportion of each raw material are as follows, the raw materials consist of lime, gypsum, fly ash and water, and the weight part proportion of each raw material is lime 1, gypsum 1.5, fly ash 1 and water 1; firstly, mixing active particle ball raw materials of lime, gypsum, fly ash and water in proportion, preparing the uniformly mixed raw materials into active particle balls, and filling the active particle balls into a filter tank; the active particle balls move to a discharge port at the bottom of the filter tank under the action of self gravity, are crushed and discharged by a crusher through the discharge port at the bottom of the filter tank, the powdery raw materials discharged by the crusher are re-added with lime and then are re-fed into the mixing and proportioning device by the conveyor, and the mixed raw materials are re-made into the active particle balls by the conveyor and the ball making machine; reacting sulfur dioxide in the flue gas with calcium hydroxide in the active particle balls to generate calcium sulfate, separating sulfur dioxide gas from the flue gas, discharging desulfurized flue gas tail gas through a flue gas outlet, and automatically detecting the discharged flue gas tail gas through an automatic sulfur dioxide monitor; when the discharged gas reaches the standard, the crushing discharging machine is powered off and stops working, and the active particle balls still have desulfurization activity; when the sulfur dioxide in the exhaust flue gas exceeds the standard, the crusher below the discharge port of the filter tank automatically works to crush the particles which lose activity; the reactive active particle balls arranged on the upper part of the filter tank continuously move downwards under the action of gravity, so that the desulfurization capacity of the active particle balls in the filter tank is ensured; meanwhile, after entering the filter tank along with the flue gas, the particle dust in the flue gas is repeatedly collided with the active particle balls for many times and trapped in the filter tank, so that the particle dust in the flue gas is eliminated, the trapped dust particles move to the bottom of the filter tank along with the active particle balls which continuously move downwards, and the filter tank is discharged from a discharge port along with the active particle balls.