CN1893415A - Block coding module using complex signal swapping and block encoding method - Google Patents
Block coding module using complex signal swapping and block encoding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1893415A CN1893415A CN 200610099752 CN200610099752A CN1893415A CN 1893415 A CN1893415 A CN 1893415A CN 200610099752 CN200610099752 CN 200610099752 CN 200610099752 A CN200610099752 A CN 200610099752A CN 1893415 A CN1893415 A CN 1893415A
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Abstract
A method of space-time and/or space-frequency block encoding begins by receiving at least two complex signals, wherein each of the at least two complex signals includes a real component and an imaginary component. The method continues, for each of the at least two complex signals, by generating a swapped complex signal, wherein each of at least two swapped complex signals includes a swapped real component and a swapped imaginary component, wherein the swapped real component corresponds to the imaginary component and wherein the swapped imaginary component corresponds to the real component. The method continues by encoding the at least two complex signals and the at least two swapped complex signals to produce space-time and/or space-frequency block encoded signals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to code communication, more particularly, relate to space-time and/or space-frequency block encoding (block encoding).
Background technology
Known communication system is supported the wireless and wire communication between wireless and/or wire communication facility.The scope of described communication system comprises that domestic and/or international cell phone system is to point-to-point indoor wireless networks.Every kind of communication system is set up and operation according to one or more communication standards.For example, wireless communication system can include but not limited to IEEE 802.11, bluetooth, advanced mobile phone service (AMPS), digital AMPS, global system for mobile communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) (CDMA), Local Multipoint Distribute System (LMDS), multichannel multi-point distribution system (MMDS) or the like according to one or more standard operations.
Classification according to wireless communication system, Wireless Telecom Equipment, as cell phone, two-way radio, personal digital assistant (PDA), PC (PC), portable computer, home entertainment system or the like, can be directly or indirectly and other wireless communication system communicating.For direct communication (also being known as point-to-point communication), tuning its receiver of the Wireless Telecom Equipment of participating in and reflector are to same channel (as, one of a plurality of radio frequencies (RF) carrier wave of wireless communication system) and by described channel communication.For indirect radio communication, each Wireless Telecom Equipment directly with relevant base station (as cellular communication service) and/or relevant access point (as indoor or build interior Wi-Fi) by channel appointed communication.In order to finish communicating to connect between the Wireless Telecom Equipment, relevant base station and/or access point are by system controller, PSTN, the Internet and/or the direct mutual communication of other Wide Area Network.
For each Wireless Telecom Equipment that participates in radio communication, comprise built in radio transceiver (as receiver and reflector) or be coupled to relevant radio transceiver (as wireless communication network base station, RF modulator-demodulator or the like in indoor and/or the building).As everyone knows, receiver is coupled to antenna, and comprises low noise amplifier,, one or more intermediate frequencies rank, filtering rank and data restore rank.Low noise amplifier is by antenna reception of inbound RF signal and amplification subsequently.The RF signal that described one or more intermediate frequencies rank use one or more local oscillations to mix after amplifying is baseband signal or intermediate frequency (IF) signal with the RF signal that transforms after amplifying.Filtering is carried out to attenuate unwanted signal, signal after the generation filtering to baseband signal or IF signal in the filtering rank.Signal restoring after the filtering goes out initial data according to specific wireless communication standard on the data recovery rank.
As everyone knows, reflector comprises data-modulated rank, one or more intermediate frequencies rank and a power amplifier.It is baseband signal that the data-modulated rank transform initial data according to specific wireless communication standard.Described one or more frequencies rank by one or more local oscillations mixed base band signals to produce the RF signal.Power amplifier amplified this RF signal before by the antenna emission.
In most systems, reflector comprises the antenna of this RF signal of emission, and the signal of emission is received by one or more antennas of receiver.When receiver comprised two or more antenna, receiver can select one of them to receive input rf signal.In this case, the radio communication between reflector and the receiver is single single input of output (SISO) communication, although receiver comprises that a plurality of antennas are as diversity antenna (promptly selecting one of them to receive input rf signal).For the SISO radio communication, transceiver comprises a reflector and a receiver.At present, most of IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b or IEEE 802.11g WLAN (wireless local area network) adopt the SISO radio communication.
The radio communication of other classification comprises single many outputs of input (SIMO), the single output of many inputs (MISO) and multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO).In the SIMO radio communication, a reflector processes data into radio frequency signals and transfers to receiver.Receiver comprises two or more antennas and two or more receiver path.Each antenna receives the RF signal and provides signal to corresponding receiver path (as LNA, frequency down-converts module, filter and ADC).Each receiver path is handled the RF signal of reception to produce digital signal, this data signal groups is merged handle to obtain the data of emission then.
For the MISO radio communication, reflector comprises two or more transmission paths (as digital to analog converter, filter, frequency up-converted module and power amplifier), each transmission path is converted to the RF signal with the counterpart of baseband signal, and passes through corresponding antenna transmission to receiver.Receiver comprises a receiver path, from a plurality of RF signals of transmitter receipt.In this case, receiver uses beam forming technigue (beamforming) that a plurality of RF signals are merged into a signal to handle.
For mimo wireless communication, reflector and receiver include a plurality of paths.In this communication, the coding function parallel processing data of the reflector usage space, frequency or time are to produce two or more data flow.Reflector comprises that a plurality of transmission paths are to be converted to each data flow a plurality of RF signals.Receiver receives described a plurality of RF signal by a plurality of receivers, and usage space, frequency or time decoder function obtain described data flow.Then the data flow of obtaining is merged, and handle subsequently to restore initial data.
In a lot of examples of MIMO or MISO communication, the antenna amount of receiver is less than reflector.In order to adapt to this difference, reflector and receiver have adopted space-time block encoding or space-frequency block encoding technique.U.S. Patent No. 6185258 people such as Alamouti just discloses a kind of such space-time or space-frequency block encoding technique.People's such as Alamouti patent disclosure a kind of simple block encoding scheme, wherein symbol is by a plurality of transmission channel, and this coding techniques only comprises simple arithmetical operation, for example, inverse and conjugate operation.Although a kind of block encoding scheme is provided, yet need other alternative block encoding techniques in people's such as Alamouti block encoding technique.
Therefore, need a kind of space-time and/or space-frequency block coding method and equipment that uses the complex signal switching technology.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of coding method, described method comprises:
Receive at least two complex signals, wherein each complex signal comprises real part and imaginary part;
For each complex signal in described at least two complex signals, generate the exchange complex signal that includes exchange real part and exchange imaginary part, the corresponding described imaginary part of wherein said exchange real part, the corresponding described real part of described exchange imaginary part;
Described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce code signal.
Preferably, described at least two complex signals and at least two exchange complex signals are encoded further comprises:
Described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded in time to produce the space-time block coding signal.
Preferably, described at least two complex signals and at least two exchange complex signals are encoded further comprises:
Described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded on frequency to produce the Space Frequency Block Coding signal.
Preferably, described method further comprises:
First complex signal (the S in described at least two complex signals
0) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0iThe real part of representing described first complex signal, S
0qThe imaginary part of representing described first complex signal;
Second complex signal (the S in described at least two complex signals
1) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1iThe same phase constituent of representing described first complex signal, S
1qThe orthogonal component of representing described second complex signal;
The first exchange complex signal σ (S of described at least two complex signals
0) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0qThe exchange real part of representing the described first exchange complex signal, S
0iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described first exchange complex signal;
The second exchange complex signal σ (S of described at least two complex signals
1) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1qThe exchange real part of representing the described second exchange complex signal, S
1iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described second exchange complex signal.
Preferably, described method further comprises:
Described first complex signal is corresponding to first constellation point (constellation point) on the subcarrier k in OFDM (OFDM) transmission of first transmit antenna in the time period;
Described second complex signal is corresponding to second constellation point on the subcarrier k+1 in the OFDM transmission of first transmit antenna in the described time period;
The negative number representation (negative representation) of the described second exchange complex signal in the described time interval on the subcarrier k of second transmit antenna;
The described first exchange complex signal in the described time interval on the subcarrier k+1 of second transmit antenna.
Preferably, described method further comprises:
Described first complex signal is corresponding to first constellation point on the subcarrier k in OFDM (OFDM) transmission of first transmit antenna in the time interval;
Described second complex signal is corresponding to second constellation point on the subcarrier k in the OFDM transmission of second transmit antenna in the described time interval;
The negative number representation of the described second exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k+1 of first transmit antenna;
The described first exchange complex signal in the described time interval on the subcarrier k+1 of second transmit antenna.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of base band to send processing module, comprising:
The coding module that is operably connected is encoded to produce coded data to outbound data;
The staggered module that is operably connected, it is a plurality of staggered encoded data streams that described coded data is interlocked;
The a plurality of sign map modules that are operably connected are mapped as a plurality of symbols streams with described a plurality of staggered encoded data streams;
The territory modular converter that is operably connected is converted to time domain to produce a plurality of time-domain symbol streams with described a plurality of symbols streams from frequency domain; And
The block coding module that is operably connected is used for:
From at least two of described a plurality of time-domain symbol stream, receive at least two complex signals, wherein each complex signal comprises real part and imaginary part, and first complex signal in described at least two complex signals is from first of described at least two time-domain symbol stream, and second complex signal in described at least two complex signals is from second of described at least two time-domain symbol stream;
For each complex signal in described at least two complex signals, generate the exchange complex signal, wherein at least two each exchange complex signals that exchanges in the complex signal comprise exchange real part and exchange imaginary part, wherein exchange the described imaginary part of real part correspondence, the corresponding described real part of exchange imaginary part;
Described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the block encoding signal.
Preferably, described block coding module is encoded to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals by the following method at least at least:
In time described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the space-time block coding signal.
Preferably, described block coding module is encoded to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals by the following method at least at least:
On frequency, described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the Space Frequency Block Coding signal.
Preferably, described base band transmission processing module further comprises:
First complex signal (the S in described at least two complex signals
0), be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0iThe real part of representing described first complex signal, S
0qThe imaginary part of representing described first complex signal;
Second complex signal (the S in described at least two complex signals
1), be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1iThe same phase constituent of representing described first complex signal, S
1qThe orthogonal component of representing described second complex signal;
The first exchange complex signal σ (S of described at least two complex signals
0), be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0qThe exchange real part of representing the described first exchange complex signal, S
0iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described first exchange complex signal;
The second exchange complex signal σ (S of described at least two complex signals
1), be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1qThe exchange real part of representing the described second exchange complex signal, S
1iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described second exchange complex signal.
Preferably, described base band transmission processing module further comprises:
Described first complex signal is corresponding to first constellation point on the subcarrier k in OFDM (OFDM) transmission of first transmit antenna in the time period;
Described second complex signal is corresponding to second constellation point on the subcarrier k+1 in the OFDM transmission of first transmit antenna in the described time period;
The negative number representation of the described second exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k of second transmit antenna;
The described first exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k+1 of second transmit antenna.
Preferably, described baseband transmission processing module further comprises:
Described first complex signal is corresponding to first constellation point on the subcarrier k in OFDM (OFDM) transmission of first transmit antenna in the time period;
Described second complex signal is corresponding to second constellation point on the subcarrier k in the OFDM transmission of second transmit antenna in the described time period;
The negative number representation of the described second exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k+1 of first transmit antenna;
The described first exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k+1 of second transmit antenna.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of block coding module, comprising:
The generation module that is operably connected, for each complex signal in described at least two complex signals, generate the exchange complex signal, each of wherein said at least two complex signals comprises real part and imaginary part, each of wherein said at least two exchange complex signals comprises exchange real part and exchange imaginary part, and the corresponding described imaginary part of exchange real part, the corresponding described real part of exchange imaginary part;
The coding module that is operably connected is encoded to produce block encoding signal to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals at least at least.
Preferably, described coding module is further encoded to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals by the following method at least at least:
In time described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the space-time block coding signal.
Preferably, described coding module is further encoded to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals by the following method at least at least:
On frequency, described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the Space Frequency Block Coding signal.
Preferably, described block coding module further comprises:
First complex signal (the S in described at least two complex signals
0), be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0iThe real part of representing described first complex signal, S
0qThe imaginary part of representing described first complex signal;
Second complex signal (the S in described at least two complex signals
1), be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1iThe same phase constituent of representing described first complex signal, S
1qThe orthogonal component of representing described second complex signal;
The first exchange complex signal σ (S of described at least two complex signals
0), be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0qThe exchange real part of representing the described first exchange complex signal, S
0iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described first exchange complex signal;
The second exchange complex signal σ (S of described at least two complex signals
1), be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1qThe exchange real part of representing the described second exchange complex signal, S
1iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described second exchange complex signal.Preferably, described block coding module further comprises:
Described first complex signal is corresponding to first constellation point on the subcarrier k in OFDM (OFDM) transmission of first transmit antenna in the time period;
Described second complex signal is corresponding to second constellation point on the subcarrier k+1 in the OFDM transmission of first transmit antenna in the described time period;
The negative number representation of the described second exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k of second transmit antenna;
The described first exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k+1 of second transmit antenna.Preferably, described space block coding module comprises:
Described first complex signal is corresponding to first constellation point on the subcarrier k in OFDM (OFDM) transmission of first transmit antenna in the time period;
Described second complex signal is corresponding to second constellation point on the subcarrier k in the OFDM transmission of second transmit antenna in the described time period;
The negative number representation of the described second exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k+1 of first transmit antenna;
The described first exchange complex signal in the described time period on the subcarrier k+1 of second transmit antenna.Various advantage of the present invention, various aspects and character of innovation, and the details of the embodiment of example shown in it will describe in detail in the following description book and accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of wireless communication system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of Wireless Telecom Equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram that base band of the present invention sends processing module;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is when empty and/or the block diagram of Space Frequency Block Coding module;
Fig. 5 A is the schematic diagram of complex signal of the present invention;
Fig. 5 B is the schematic diagram of the complex conjugate signal of prior art;
Fig. 5 C is the schematic diagram that the present invention exchanges complex signal;
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is when empty and/or the schematic diagram of an embodiment of Space Frequency Block Coding;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the space-time block coding of ofdm signal of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the Space Frequency Block Coding of ofdm signal of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the block diagram that the present invention receives baseband processing module.
Embodiment
Figure 1 shows that the block diagram of communication system 10, comprise a plurality of base stations and/or access point 12 and 16, a plurality of Wireless Telecom Equipment 18-32 and network hardware equipment 34.It should be noted that the network hardware 34 can be that router, switch, bridge, modulator-demodulator, system controller or the like connect 42 equipment for communication system 10 provides wide area network.Further notice that Wireless Telecom Equipment 18-32 can be notebook host 18 and 26, personal digital assistant's main frame 20 and 30, personal host computer 24 and 32 and/or cell phone main frame 22 and 28.The details of Wireless Telecom Equipment is described in detail with reference to Fig. 2.
Wireless Telecom Equipment 22,23 and 24 is positioned at an independent basic service set (IBSS) zone, and direct communication (as point-to-point).In this configuration, these equipment 22,23 and 24 mutual communication only.For with system 10 in or outer other Wireless Telecom Equipment of system 10 communicate by letter, equipment 22,23 and/or 24 needs to add base station or one of access point 12 or 16.
Base station or access point 12,16 lay respectively in Basic Service Set (BSS) zone 11 and 13, and may be operably coupled to the network hardware 34 by local area network (LAN) connection 36,38.Described be connected to base station or access point 12,16 provide with system 10 in the connectivity of miscellaneous equipments, and connect 42 connectivities that provide with other network by WAN.In order to communicate by letter with the Wireless Telecom Equipment in its BSS 11 or 13, base station or access point 12,16 have associated antennas or aerial array.For example, base station or access point 12 carry out radio communication with Wireless Telecom Equipment 18 and 20, and base station or access point 16 carry out radio communication with Wireless Telecom Equipment 26-32.In general, Wireless Telecom Equipment is registered to receive the service from communication system 10 to specific base stations or access point 12,16.
In general, the base station is used for cell phone system and similar system, and access point is used for indoor or the interior wireless network (as the procotol based on radio frequency of IEEE802.11 and various version, bluetooth and/or any other type) of building.No matter which kind of particular type is communication system be, each Wireless Telecom Equipment includes built-in radio device and/or is connected with a radio device.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of Wireless Telecom Equipment of the present invention, comprises main process equipment 18-32 and the radio device 60 that is associated.For the cell phone main frame, radio device 60 is built-in device.For personal digital assistant's main frame, portable computer main frame and/or personal host computer, radio device 60 can be the equipment of built-in or outside connection.
As shown in the figure, main process equipment 18-32 comprises processing module 50, memory 52, radio interface 54, input interface 58 and output interface 56.Processing module 50 and memory 52 carried out generally the instruction of the correspondence of being finished by main process equipment.For example, for the cell phone main process equipment, processing module 50 is carried out corresponding communication function according to specific cellular telephony standard.
Radio device 60 comprises host interface 62, baseband processing module 100, memory 65, a plurality of radio frequency (RF) reflector 106-110, transmission/reception (T/R) module 115, a plurality of antenna 81-85, a plurality of RF receiver 118-120, channel width adjusting module 87 and local oscillating module 74.Baseband processing module 100 combinations are stored in the operational order in the memory 65, combine digital receiver function and digit emitter function respectively.The digit receiver function includes but not limited to that digital intermediate frequency (IF) to baseband-converted, demodulation, constellation separate that mapping, decoding, release of an interleave, fast fourier transform, Cyclic Prefix remove, room and time is decoded and/or descrambling.The digit emitter function includes but not limited to that scrambling, decoding, staggered, constellation mapping, modulation, inverse fourier transform, Cyclic Prefix increase, room and time coding and digital baseband are changed to IF.Baseband processing module 100 can use one or more treatment facilities to realize.Described treatment facility can be microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, a programming gate array, programmable logic device, stater, logical circuit, analog circuit, digital circuit and/or any equipment based on operational order operation signal (simulation and/or numeral).Memory 65 can be single memory device or a plurality of memory device.Described memory device can be read-only memory, random access storage device, volatile memory, permanent equipment from initial stage, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory and/or any storing digital information.It should be noted that, when processing module 100 realized one or more function by stater, analog circuit, digital circuit and/or logical circuit, the memory of the corresponding instruction of storage was embedded in the circuit that comprises stater, analog circuit, digital circuit and/or logical circuit.
During work, radio device 60 passes through host interface 62 reception of inbound data 94 from main process equipment.Baseband processing module 64 receives outbound data 88, and generates one or more departures symbols streams 90 based on mode select signal 102.Mode select signal 102 will be pointed out the certain operational modes that the one or more concrete pattern with various IEEE 802.11 standards adapts.For example, mode select signal 102 can be pointed out the frequency band of 2.4GHz, 20 or the channel separation of 25MHz and the Maximum Bit Rate of 54Mbps.In described general category, mode select signal will further be represented the special speed of scope from 1Mbps to 54Mbps.In addition, this mode select signal can be represented specific modulation type, includes but not limited to the modulation of Bark (Barker) sign indicating number, BPSK, QPSK, CCK, 16QAM and/or 64QAM.Described mode select signal 102 also can comprise the bits of coded quantity (NBPSC) of encoding rate, each subcarrier, the bits of coded (NCBPS) of each OFDM symbol and/or the data bit (NDBPS) of each OFDM symbol.Mode select signal 102 also can be represented the particular channelization of associative mode, and channel quantity and corresponding centre frequency are provided.Mode select signal 102 can further be represented communicate by letter with the MIMO quantity of initial spendable antenna of power spectrum density mask value.
The quantity of the outbound data stream 104 that produces according to baseband module 10, the RF reflector 106-110 that activates respective amount serve as the RF signal 112 that sets off with conversion departures symbols streams 104.Usually, each RF reflector 106-110 comprises modular converter, power amplifier and radio frequency band filter on digital filter and up-sampling module, D/A converter module, analog filter block, the frequency.RF reflector 106-110 provides departures RF signal 112 to transmit/receive module 114, by it each departures RF signal is offered corresponding antenna 81-85 again.
When radio device 60 was in receiving mode, transmit/receive module 114 received one or more inbound RF signals 116 by antenna 81-85, and provided it to one or more RF receiver 118-122.RF receiver 118-122 based on the setting that channel width adjusting module 87 provides, changes inbound RF signal 116 and is the inbound symbols streams 124 of respective amount.The quantity of inbound symbols streams 124 is corresponding with the AD HOC of Data Receiving.Baseband processing module 100 is converted to inbound data 92 with inbound symbols streams 124, offers main process equipment 18-32 by host interface 62 then.
It can be understood by the person skilled in the art that Wireless Telecom Equipment shown in Figure 2 can use one or more integrated circuits to realize.For example, this main process equipment can be implemented in an integrated circuit, and baseband processing module 100 and memory 65 are implemented in second integrated circuit, and the parts that radio device 60 is left are removed outside the antenna 81-85, can be implemented in the 3rd integrated circuit.Perhaps again for example, radio device 60 can be realized on an integrated circuit.Again for example, to can be to be implemented in the common treatment equipment on the integrated circuit for the processing module 50 of main process equipment and baseband processing module 100.In addition, memory 52 can be implemented on the integrated circuit and/or with the common treatment module of processing module 50 and baseband processing module 100 with memory 65 and be implemented in together on the identical integrated circuit.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the baseband transmission processing section 100-TX in the baseband processing module 100 of the present invention, comprise coding module 120, shrink process module (puncture module) 122, switch, staggered module, it can comprise 124,126 or interleavers of a plurality of staggered modules and Switching Module, a plurality of constellation encoder module 128,130, when empty and/or Space Frequency Block Coding module 132 and a plurality of invert fast fourier transformation (IFFT) module 134,136, be used to change outbound data 94 and be departures symbols streams 104.Those skilled in the art can be understood that, according to the quantity of transmission path, described baseband transmission processing section can comprise staggered module 124 and 126, constellation mapping module 128 and 130 and IFFT module 134 and 136 two or more in each.In addition, those skilled in the art can further be understood that, coding module 120, shrink process module 122, staggered module 124 and 126, constellation mapping module 128 and 130 and IFFT module 134 and 136 can be according to one or more wireless communication standard work, described standard includes but not limited to IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n.
In one embodiment, the coding module 120 that is operably connected converts outbound data 94 to coded data according to one or more wireless communication standards.122 pairs of these coded datas of shrink process module are carried out shrink process to produce the puncturing code data.The a plurality of staggered module 124 that is operably connected and 126 is a plurality of intercrossed data streams with the puncturing code data interlace.The a plurality of constellation mapping modules 128 that are operably connected and 130 are mapped as a plurality of data symbol stream with described a plurality of intercrossed data streams, and each data symbol in the wherein said data symbol stream comprises one or more complex signals.Be operably connected empty the time and/or Space Frequency Block Coding module 132 (provide further describe below with reference to Fig. 4-8) a plurality of complex signals 131 and 133 (for example at least two complex signals) are encoded to a plurality of when empty and/or Space Frequency Block Coding signal 135 and 137.The a plurality of IFFT modules 124 that are operably connected and 136 with a plurality of when empty and/or Space Frequency Block Coding signal 135 and 137 be converted to a plurality of departures symbols streams 104.
When Fig. 4 is sky and/or the schematic diagram of Space Frequency Block Coding module 132, comprise generation module 152 and coding module 154.The generation module 152 that is operably connected receives at least two complex signals 131 and 133, and each complex signal in described at least two complex signals comprises real part and imaginary part.For example, the first complex signal (S
0) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0iThe real part of representing first complex signal, S
0qThe imaginary part of representing first complex signal; Second complex signal (the S
1) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1iThe same phase constituent of representing described first complex signal, S
1qThe orthogonal component of representing described second complex signal;
In case receive complex signal, described generation module generates the exchange complex signal for each complex signal, each exchange complex signal comprises exchange real part and exchange imaginary part, wherein exchanges the imaginary part of real part corresponding to described complex signal, and the exchange imaginary part is corresponding to the real part of described complex signal.For example, the first exchange complex signal σ (S
0) can be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0qThe exchange real part of representing the described first exchange complex signal, S
0iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described first exchange complex signal; The second exchange complex signal σ (S
1) can be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1qThe exchange real part of representing the described second exchange complex signal, S
1iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described second exchange complex signal.
154 pairs of complex signals 131 of the coding module that is operably connected and 133 and exchange complex signal 151 and 153 encode when generating sky and/or Space Frequency Block Coding signal 135 and 137.In one embodiment, coding module 154 is encoded to produce the space-time block coding signal to described complex signal and exchange complex signal in time.In another embodiment, coding module 154 is encoded to produce the Space Frequency Block Coding signal to described complex signal and exchange complex signal on frequency.
Fig. 5 A-5C is respectively the schematic diagram of complex signal 131 and 133, conjugate complex number signal of the prior art and exchange complex signal 151 and 153.During according to sky and/or the various embodiment of Space Frequency Block Coding module 132 as can be known, described coding can use complex signal and exchange complex signal to finish according to Space Frequency Block Coding with the exchange complex signal according to space-time block coding and/or use complex signal, and need not to create the complex conjugate signal.
When Fig. 6 is empty between two transmitting antenna TX_1 and TX_2 160,162 (i.e. two transmission paths) and the reception antenna RX 164 and/or the schematic diagram of Space Frequency Block Coding.Described two channel paths are expressed as h_1 166 and h_2 168.Because two transmission paths are arranged, but a RX path is only arranged, the transmission path in this example carries out the space-time block coding (STBC) in the time period 170.For example, for first time period t
0172, described STBC is with first complex signal, 176 (S
0) place on first transmission path, with second complex signal, 178 (S
1) place on second transmission path.In second time period t
1In 174, STBC is with negative 182 (the σ S of the second exchange complex signal
1) place on first transmission path, with first exchange complex signal 180 (the σ S
0) place on second transmission path.Therefore, the signal (y) that receives by RX antenna 164 can be expressed as y (t
0)=h_1 * S
0+ h_2 * S
1And y (t
1)=h_1 * (σ S
1)+h_2 * (σ S
0).
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the space-time block coding of OFDM of the present invention (OFDM) transmission.Usually, the space-time block coding method that is used for the OFDM transmission will place on first transmit antenna path corresponding to first complex signal of first constellation point on the subcarrier k of OFDM transmission in very first time section.This space-time block coding method places second complex signal of second constellation point on the subcarrier k+1 of the described OFDM transmission of correspondence on first transmit antenna path further in second time period.This space-time block coding method further in described very first time section, places the second negative form that exchanges complex signal on the subcarrier k of second transmit antenna path.This space-time block coding method further in described second time period, places the first exchange complex signal on the subcarrier k+1 of second transmit antenna path.
In the example of Fig. 7, a symbol comprises a plurality of complex signals [x], and the quantity of the complex signal of each symbol is corresponding to the quantity of the subcarrier (k) of the transmission data in the OFDM transmission.In this example, the 0th complex signal of x (0_0) 205 expression symbol _ 0 190, the 1st complex signal of x (0_1) 206 expression symbol _ 0 190, the 2nd complex signal of x (0_2) 207 expression symbol 0_190, the 3rd complex signal of x (0_3) 208 expression symbol _ 0 190; The 0th complex signal of x (1_0) 215 expression symbol 1_191, the 1st complex signal of x (1_1) 216 expression symbol _ 1 191, the 2nd complex signal of x (1_2) 217 expression symbol _ 1 191, the 3rd complex signal of x (1_3) 218 expression symbol _ 1 191; The 0th complex signal of x (2_0) 225 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 1st complex signal of x (2_1) 226 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 2nd complex signal of x (2_2) 227 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 3rd complex signal of x (2_3) 228 expression symbol _ 2 192.In addition, the 0th exchange complex signal of σ [x (0_0)] 220 conventional letters _ 0 190, the 1st exchange complex signal of σ [x (0_1)] 221 conventional letters _ 0190, the 2nd exchange complex signal of σ [x (0_2)] 222 conventional letters _ 0 190, the 3rd exchange complex signal of σ [x (0_3)] 223 conventional letters _ 0 190; The 0th exchange complex signal of σ [x (1_0)] 210 conventional letters _ 1191, the 1st exchange complex signal of σ [x (1_1)] 211 conventional letters _ 1 191, the 2nd exchange complex signal of σ [x (1_2)] 212 conventional letters _ 1 191, the 3rd exchange complex signal of σ [x (1_3)] 213 conventional letters _ 1191; The 0th exchange complex signal of σ [x (3_0)] 230 conventional letters _ 3, the 1st exchange complex signal of σ [x (3_1)] 231 conventional letters _ 3, the 2nd exchange complex signal of σ [x (3_2)] 232 conventional letters _ 3, the 3rd exchange complex signal of σ [x (3_3)] 233 conventional letters _ 3.
As shown in the figure, the space-time block coding between the 0th and first symbol 190 and 191, second symbol 192 and the 3rd symbol or the like carries out in time.The space composition 200 of space-time block coding is introduced by the quantity of transmission path (as antenna).In this example, two transmitting antennas [ant_0 201 and ant_1202] are arranged.For the space-time block coding of OFDM transmission, each data subcarriers _ n 196-199 transmits corresponding complex signal or exchange complex signal.For example, x (0_0) is transmitted in subcarrier on antenna _ 0 201 _ 0 196 in very first time section, subcarrier on antenna _ 1 202 _ 0 196 are transmission-σ [x (1_0)] in very first time section, x (1_0) is transmitted in the subcarrier of antenna _ 0 201 _ 0 196 in second time period, σ [x (0_0)] is transmitted in the subcarrier on antenna _ 1 202 _ 0 196 in second time period.Similarly, x (0_1) is transmitted in subcarrier on antenna _ 0 201 _ 1 197 in very first time section, subcarrier on antenna _ 1 202 _ 1 197 are transmission-σ [x (1_1)] in very first time section, x (1_1) is transmitted in subcarrier on antenna _ 0 201 _ 1 197 in second time period, σ [x (0_1)] is transmitted in the subcarrier on antenna _ 1 202 _ 1 197 in second time period.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the Space Frequency Block Coding of OFDM transmission.Usually, the Space Frequency Block Coding of OFDM transmission will place first transmit antenna path corresponding to first complex signal of first constellation point on the subcarrier k of OFDM transmission in very first time section.The Space Frequency Block Coding of OFDM transmission will place second transmit antenna path corresponding to second complex signal of second constellation point on the subcarrier k of OFDM transmission in very first time section.The Space Frequency Block Coding of described OFDM transmission placed the negative form of the second exchange complex signal on the subcarrier k+1 of first transmit antenna path in second time period.The Space Frequency Block Coding of described OFDM transmission placed the first exchange complex signal on the subcarrier k+1 of second transmit antenna path in second time period.
In specific examples shown in Figure 8, a symbol comprises a plurality of complex signals [x], and the quantity of the complex signal that each symbol comprises is corresponding to the quantity of the subcarrier (k) of the transmission data of OFDM transmission.In this example, the 0th complex signal of x (0_0) 205 expression symbol _ 0 190, the 1st complex signal of x (0_1) 206 expression symbol _ 0 190, the 2nd complex signal of x (0_2) 207 expression symbol _ 0 190, the 3rd complex signal of x (0_3) 208 expression symbol _ 0 190; The 0th complex signal of x (1_0) 215 expression symbol _ 1 191, the 1st complex signal of x (1_1) 216 expression symbol _ 1 191, the 2nd complex signal of x (1_2) 217 expression symbol _ 1 191, the 3rd complex signal of x (1_3) 218 expression symbol _ 1 191; The 0th complex signal of x (2_0) 225 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 1st complex signal of x (2_1) 226 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 2nd complex signal of x (2_2) 227 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 3rd complex signal of x (2_3) 228 expression symbol _ 2 192.In addition, the 0th exchange complex signal of σ [x (0_0)] 220 expression symbol _ 0 190, the 1st exchange complex signal of σ [x (0_1)] 221 expression symbol _ 0 190, the 2nd exchange complex signal of σ [x (0_2)] 222 expression symbol _ 0 190, the 3rd exchange complex signal of σ [x (0_3)] 223 expression symbol _ 0 190; The 0th exchange complex signal of σ [x (1_0)] 210 expression symbol _ 1 191, the 1st exchange complex signal of σ [x (1_1)] 211 expression symbol _ 1 191, the 2nd exchange complex signal of σ [x (1_2)] 212 expression symbol _ 1 191, the 3rd exchange complex signal of σ [x (1_3)] 213 expression symbol _ 1 191; The 0th exchange complex signal of σ [x (2_0)] 240 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 1st exchange complex signal of σ [x (2_1)] 241 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 2nd exchange complex signal of σ [x (2_2)] 242 expression symbol _ 2 192, the 3rd exchange complex signal of σ [x (2_3)] 243 expression symbol _ 2 192.
As shown in the figure, the Space Frequency Block Coding between the 0th and the 1st subcarrier 196 and the 197, the 2nd and the 3rd subcarrier 198 and 199 or the like carries out on frequency.The space composition 200 of Space Frequency Block Coding is introduced by the quantity of transmission path (as antenna).In this example, two transmitting antennas [ant_0 201 and ant_1202] are arranged.For the Space Frequency Block Coding of OFDM transmission, each symbol 190-192 supports corresponding complex signal or exchange complex signal.For example, support x (0_0) on symbol on antenna _ 0 201 _ inherent subcarrier 196 of 0 190 very first time sections, support-σ [x (0_1)] on symbol on the antenna _ 1 202 _ inherent subcarrier of 0 190 very first time sections _ 0 196, support x (0_1) on symbol on the antenna _ 0 201 _ inherent subcarrier of 0 190 very first time sections _ 1 197, support σ [x (0_0)] on the symbol on the antenna _ 1 202 _ inherent subcarrier of 0 190 very first time sections _ 1 197.Similarly, support x (1_0) on inherent subcarrier of symbol on antenna _ 0 201 _ 1 191 second time period _ 0 196, support-σ [x (1_1)] on inherent subcarrier of symbol on antenna _ 1 202 _ 1 191 second time period _ 0 196, support x (1_1) on inherent subcarrier of symbol on antenna _ 0 201 _ 1 191 second time period _ 1 107, the support σ [x (1_0)] of inherent subcarrier of the symbol on antenna _ 1 202 _ 1 191 second time period _ 1 197.
Fig. 9 is the block diagram that the base band Return Reception Dept. divides 100-RX, comprise a plurality of fast Fourier transform (FFT) modules 240,242, when empty and/or empty piece decoder module 244, a plurality of constellation frequently separate mapping block 246,248, a plurality of release of an interleave module 250,252, switch, separate shrink process module 254 and change a plurality of inbound symbols streams 124 and be the decoder module 156 of inbound data 92.Those skilled in the art can be understood that, base band receives to be handled 100-RX and can comprise that release of an interleave module 250,252, constellation separate two or more in each of mapping block 246,248 and FFT module 240,242.In addition, those skilled in the art can be understood that, decoder module 256, separate shrink process module 254, release of an interleave module 250,252, constellation separates mapping block 246,248 and FFT module 240,242 can include but not limited to IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n according to one or more wireless communication standard work.
In one embodiment, a plurality of FFT modules 240,242 that are operably connected are converted to a plurality of inbound symbols streams 124 a plurality of when empty and/or the Space Frequency Block Coding symbols streams.Be operably connected empty the time and/or during will the be described a plurality of sky of empty piece decoder module 244 frequently and/or the Space Frequency Block Coding symbols streams be decoded as a plurality of data symbol stream.The a plurality of constellations that are operably connected are separated mapping block and a plurality of data symbol stream are separated are mapped as a plurality of intercrossed datas stream.The a plurality of release of an interleave modules that are operably connected are coded data with described a plurality of intercrossed data stream release of an interleaves.The decoder module that is operably connected is converted to inbound data 92 with this coded data.When in one embodiment, empty and/or empty piece decoder module frequently 244 carry out shown in Figure 3 when empty and/or the inverting function of Space Frequency Block Coding module 132.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that term " basically " or " approximately " as what may use, provide a kind of acceptable in the industry tolerance to corresponding term here.This acceptable in the industry tolerance is from less than 1% to 20%, and corresponding to, but be not limited to, components values, integrated circuit are handled fluctuation, temperature fluctuation, rising and fall time and/or thermal noise.Those of ordinary skills it is also understood that, term " is operably connected ", as what may use here, comprise by another assembly, element, circuit or module and directly connect and be connected indirectly, wherein for indirect connection, middle plug-in package, element, circuit or module do not change the information of signal, but can adjust its current level, voltage level and/or power level.Those of ordinary skills as can be known, infer to connect (that is an element is connected to another element according to inference) comprise between two elements with the method that is same as " being operably connected " directly be connected indirectly.Those of ordinary skills also as can be known, term " comparative result is favourable ", as what may use here, referring to relatively provides a relation of wanting between two or more elements, project, the signal etc.For example, when the relation of wanting is a signal 1 when having amplitude greater than signal 2, when the amplitude of signal 1 during less than signal 1 amplitude, can obtain favourable comparative result greater than the amplitude of the amplitude of signal 2 or signal 2.
More than introduced a kind of when using exchange complex signal empty and/or the method and apparatus of Space Frequency Block Coding.Those skilled in the art can be understood that, according to instruction of the present invention, can also release other various embodiment and do not break away from the scope of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of coding method is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Receive at least two complex signals, wherein each complex signal comprises real part and imaginary part;
For each complex signal in described at least two complex signals, generate the exchange complex signal that includes exchange real part and exchange imaginary part, the corresponding described imaginary part of wherein said exchange real part, the corresponding described real part of described exchange imaginary part;
Described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce code signal.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described at least two complex signals and at least two exchange complex signals are encoded further comprises:
Described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded in time to produce the space-time block coding signal.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described at least two complex signals and at least two exchange complex signals are encoded further comprises:
Described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded on frequency to produce the Space Frequency Block Coding signal.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described method further comprises:
First complex signal (the S in described at least two complex signals
0) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0iThe real part of representing described first complex signal, S
0qThe imaginary part of representing described first complex signal;
Second complex signal (the S in described at least two complex signals
1) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1iThe same phase constituent of representing described first complex signal, S
1qThe orthogonal component of representing described second complex signal;
The first exchange complex signal σ (S of described at least two complex signals
0) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
0qThe exchange real part of representing the described first exchange complex signal, S
0iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described first exchange complex signal;
The second exchange complex signal σ (S of described at least two complex signals
1) be expressed as
Wherein " i " represents same phase constituent, and " q " represents orthogonal component, S
1qThe exchange real part of representing the described second exchange complex signal, S
1iThe exchange imaginary part of representing the described second exchange complex signal.
5, a kind of baseband transmission processing module is characterized in that, comprising:
The coding module that is operably connected is encoded to produce coded data to outbound data;
The staggered module that is operably connected, it is a plurality of staggered encoded data streams that described coded data is interlocked;
The a plurality of sign map modules that are operably connected are mapped as a plurality of symbols streams with described a plurality of staggered encoded data streams;
The territory modular converter that is operably connected is converted to time domain to produce a plurality of time-domain symbol streams with described a plurality of symbols streams from frequency domain; And
The block coding module that is operably connected is used for:
From at least two of described a plurality of time-domain symbol stream, receive at least two complex signals, wherein each complex signal comprises real part and imaginary part, and first complex signal in described at least two complex signals is from first of described at least two time-domain symbol stream, and second complex signal in described at least two complex signals is from second of described at least two time-domain symbol stream;
For each complex signal in described at least two complex signals, generate the exchange complex signal, wherein at least two each exchange complex signals that exchanges in the complex signal comprise exchange real part and exchange imaginary part, wherein exchange the described imaginary part of real part correspondence, the corresponding described real part of exchange imaginary part;
Described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the block encoding signal.
6, baseband transmission processing module as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described block coding module is encoded to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals by the following method at least at least:
In time described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the space-time block coding signal.
7, baseband transmission processing module as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described block coding module is encoded to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals by the following method at least at least:
On frequency, described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the Space Frequency Block Coding signal.
8, a kind of block coding module is characterized in that, comprising:
The generation module that is operably connected, for each complex signal in described at least two complex signals, generate the exchange complex signal, each of wherein said at least two complex signals comprises real part and imaginary part, each of wherein said at least two exchange complex signals comprises exchange real part and exchange imaginary part, and the corresponding described imaginary part of exchange real part, the corresponding described real part of exchange imaginary part;
The coding module that is operably connected is encoded to produce block encoding signal to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals at least at least.
9, block coding module as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described coding module is further encoded to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals by the following method at least at least:
In time described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the space-time block coding signal.
10, block coding module as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described coding module is further encoded to described two complex signals and described two exchange complex signals by the following method at least at least:
On frequency, described at least two complex signals and described at least two exchange complex signals are encoded to produce the Space Frequency Block Coding signal.
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| US69515305P | 2005-06-29 | 2005-06-29 | |
| US60/695,153 | 2005-06-29 | ||
| US11/231,576 | 2005-09-21 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102017557A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2011-04-13 | 上海贝尔股份有限公司 | Methods and devices for making exchange processing for multiple sub channel signals in SC-FDMA system |
| WO2012155763A1 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-11-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Data sending method, restoring method and device |
| CN105659551A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2016-06-08 | 奥兰治 | Method and device for the transmission of blocks of complex data symbols, receiving method and device, and corresponding computer programs |
| WO2017028615A1 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for representing complex numbers in fused floating point |
| CN114859296A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-frequency ground wave radar signal processing method with space scanning characteristic |
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| US6185258B1 (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 2001-02-06 | At&T Wireless Services Inc. | Transmitter diversity technique for wireless communications |
| US6594473B1 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2003-07-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Wireless system with transmitter having multiple transmit antennas and combining open loop and closed loop transmit diversities |
| JP3962020B2 (en) * | 2001-11-10 | 2007-08-22 | サムスン エレクトロニクス カンパニー リミテッド | Spatio-temporal-frequency encoding / decoding apparatus and method in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing mobile communication system |
| CN1549471B (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2010-05-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | Transmitter and receiver capable of raising space time block code performance |
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2006
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102017557A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2011-04-13 | 上海贝尔股份有限公司 | Methods and devices for making exchange processing for multiple sub channel signals in SC-FDMA system |
| CN102017557B (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2013-10-16 | 上海贝尔股份有限公司 | Methods and devices for making exchange processing for multiple sub channel signals in SC-FDMA system |
| WO2012155763A1 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-11-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Data sending method, restoring method and device |
| CN102916926A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Data sending method, data restoring method and device |
| CN105659551A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2016-06-08 | 奥兰治 | Method and device for the transmission of blocks of complex data symbols, receiving method and device, and corresponding computer programs |
| CN105659551B (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2019-04-30 | 奥兰治 | Transmit method and apparatus, method of reseptance and the equipment of complex data symbol block |
| WO2017028615A1 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for representing complex numbers in fused floating point |
| CN114859296A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-frequency ground wave radar signal processing method with space scanning characteristic |
| CN114859296B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2023-04-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-frequency ground wave radar signal processing method with space scanning characteristic |
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