CN1892073A - Backlash Elimination Method and Structure of Transmission Mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for eliminating backlash of a transmission mechanism and a structure thereof, which is characterized in that a driving wheel and two driven wheels which are meshed and driven are assembled on a mechanism body, and one side of the driving wheel is assembled with a power unit; the two driven wheels are pivoted with the mechanism body by utilizing two swing arms, an elastic component is arranged between the outer sides of the two swing arms and the mechanism body, and a slow-moving elastic force is applied to the driven wheels, so that the two driven wheels are provided with a fulcrum for elastic braking, the fulcrum is constantly positioned on a straight line connecting the centers of the driving wheel and the driven wheels, and when the transmission mechanism moves on the rack to generate a tooth gap, each driven wheel approaches the rack by taking the pivot part as a rotating fulcrum, so that the tooth gap can be eliminated, the accuracy of gear transmission meshing can be improved, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Backlash Elimination Method and Structure of Transmission Mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of gear transmission, in particular to an invention aiming at eliminating backlash generated during gear transmission and promoting the meshing stability of gear transmission.

Background technique

At present, the transmission and displacement of many industrial machinery are achieved by combining various tooth shapes, and there are quite a variety of tooth-shaped mechanisms, such as the combination of gears, lead screws, racks, etc., all of which are achieved by combining tooth-shaped objects. Deliver momentum. However, the biggest disadvantage of the application of the toothed member to the transmission mechanism is the generation of backlash. As shown in Figure 1, when the gear and the rack are meshed, there is a gap between the teeth. The reason for the backlash may come from manufacturing tolerances, wear, or it may be designed to reduce the friction of the transmission. However, for transmission mechanisms that require more and more sophisticated transmission, the existence of backlash will not only cause unnecessary noise and vibration, but also easily cause errors in transmission positioning and reduce transmission quality and efficiency. For this reason, many domestic and foreign companies have invested in the research and development of improving the backlash produced by gear transmission, as follows:

First of all, as the announcement of Chinese Patent No. 395468, title: the backlash elimination structure (hereinafter referred to as the conventional one) of double pinion and gear row meshing, please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, this conventional one is mainly composed of a fixed plate, a It is composed of driving mechanism, two eccentric rollers, two pinion transmission mechanisms and a timing belt. A timing pulley is respectively set on the top of the shaft rod, and a timing belt is sleeved on each timing pulley, and an eccentric roller is respectively arranged outside the timing belt between the driving mechanism and the pinion transmission mechanism, so as to squeeze the timing belt. The belt generates proper tension, and the tension generated by the timing belt generates reverse pulls on the timing pulleys of the two pinion transmission mechanisms, thereby prompting the pinion gears of the two transmission mechanisms to form reverse and constant One-sided tight meshing state, so as to eliminate the backlash generated by the meshing of two serrations.

Although the above-mentioned conventional one can achieve the purpose of eliminating the backlash, because the tension generated by the timing pulley is used to make the pinion and the tooth row in close contact, so when the overall mechanism is in operation, the timing The tension generated by the pulley also acts on the pinion, which increases the loss of transmission efficiency. That is, if the pinion is driven by a motor, the power loss of the motor rotation is also increased due to the tension of the timing pulley. In addition, in terms of the performance and stability of the backlash elimination, this conventional creation is still not the best design and needs to be improved.

Next, referring to Fig. 4 again, another conventional creation is the invention patent of the announcement No. 542766 "numerical control machine tool" (hereinafter referred to as the conventional two), which is in a structure by adjusting the X-axis and the Y-axis and three feeding mechanisms of the Z axis, so that a frame for placing a workpiece and a mandrel for fixing a tool are relatively moved for machining, wherein two motors are used for each axis and a rack, The pinion applies a preload to all three feed mechanisms for the X, Y and Z axes to prevent backlash in the rack pinion. The feed mechanism disclosed in the second common use uses two motors to drive a pinion on the rack, and it does have the functionality of its design, but because the two pinions are driven by a motor respectively, and the two pinions are It needs to move synchronously on the gear row, so the power source of the mechanism cannot be transmitted synchronously, which will easily cause the loss of transmission efficiency. Secondly, the biggest shortcoming of the second common use is that the three feed mechanisms need to be used simultaneously to eliminate the backlash during the transmission movement of the mechanism. Therefore, it cannot be widely used in various transmission mechanisms in terms of implementation, so the design still remains. There is room for improvement.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a backlash elimination method and structure of a transmission mechanism, which can eliminate the backlash and improve the accuracy of gear meshing during the actuation process of the mechanism that uses gears to achieve the purpose of transmission. To improve transmission quality and efficiency.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned effect and purpose, the backlash elimination method and structure of the transmission mechanism of the present invention are mainly composed of a mechanism body, a driving wheel, two swing arms, two driven wheels, and two elastic components. Wherein the body of the mechanism is provided with a main shaft hole for setting the drive wheel, and two adjacent support shaft holes for the pivot assembly of the two swing arms, and two opposite outer surfaces are respectively provided with a lug. , an elastic component is arranged between the lug portion and the two swing arms. After the two swing arms are covered by a cover plate, they are combined and positioned on the body of the mechanism through two locking rods. One end of each swing arm is formed with a pivot that can be accommodated at the fulcrum hole. The other end of the shaft part is provided with a secondary shaft hole, and a driven wheel must be fixed by a pivot rod, and a positioning screw hole is protruded at the appropriate place corresponding to the outer surface of the lug part. The driving wheel is arranged in the main shaft hole of the mechanism body, and engages with the two driven wheels, and a disk-shaped locking part protrudes from the outer side, which is used to securely connect the power unit composed of motors, reducers and other components. The two elastic components are arranged between the lugs on both sides of the body of the mechanism and the positioning screw holes of the two swing arms. Ease elastic force is applied to the driven wheel. Accordingly, the two driven wheels have a fulcrum for elastic braking, and the fulcrum is always located on the straight line connecting the driving wheel and the center of the driven wheel, so that if the transmission mechanism is displaced on the rack to generate a tooth gap, each of the two driven wheels The driven wheel uses the pivot portion as a fulcrum to move closer to the rack, which not only eliminates the backlash, but also improves the accuracy of the meshing of the gear transmission and improves the transmission efficiency.

About the technology, means and effects adopted in the present invention, a preferred embodiment will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings. It is believed that the above-mentioned purpose, structure and characteristics of the present invention should be understood deeply and specifically.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of backlash generated by a general gear transmission mechanism.

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional appearance diagram of the first conventional creation.

Fig. 3 is another three-dimensional appearance view of the first conventional creation.

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional appearance diagram of the second conventional creation.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional assembled appearance view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a combined cross-sectional schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another combination of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of transmission on a linear rack according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of transmission on an arc-shaped rack according to the present invention.

Explanation of reference numerals: mechanism body 10; main shaft hole 11; fulcrum hole 12; lug part 13; swing arm 20; pivot part 21 secondary shaft hole 22; positioning screw hole 23; driving wheel 30; Driven wheel 40; elastic component 50; adjusting screw rod 51; top shaft 52; elastic body 53; set screw 54; cover plate 61; locking lever 62; bearing 63; ; Reducer 72; Linear rack 81; Arc rack 82.

Detailed ways

In order to make it possible to further understand the structural design and technology of the present invention, please cooperate with the drawings and give an explanation in the following:

Please refer to Figures 5 to 9, the backlash elimination structure of the transmission mechanism of the present invention consists of a mechanism body 10, two swing arms 20, a driving wheel 30, two driven wheels 40, and two elastic components 50. ,in:

The body 10 of the mechanism is a Z-shaped body member in cross section, and its inner edge is pierced with a main shaft hole 11 for the driving wheel 30 to accommodate, and an outer surface is formed with two adjacent fulcrum holes 12 for use For the pivot assembly of the two swing arms 20 , a lug portion 13 with a hollow inner edge is provided on each of the two opposite outer surfaces, and the two elastic components 50 are combined with the two swing arms 20 .

The two swing arms 20 are pivotally assembled at two adjacent fulcrum holes 12 of the mechanism body 10, and one end of each swing arm 20 is formed with a long axis-shaped pivot portion 21, which can just pivotally fit into the fulcrum holes 12. Inside, the other end is provided with a sub-shaft hole 22 for the driven wheel 40 to accommodate, and the protruding structure on the outer surface is adapted to form a positioning screw hole 23 for fixing one end of the elastic component 50 . When the two swing arms 20 are assembled on the mechanism body 10, the pivot parts 21 at one end are successively set in the pivot holes 12 in an X-shaped front and rear overlapping manner, and a cover After the plate 61 is covered, the two locking rods 62 are used to pass through the hollow inner edge of each pivot portion 21 and then locked, so that the two swing arms 20 have the function of pivoting.

The driving wheel 30 is a general gear member, which is arranged in the main shaft hole 11 of the mechanism body 10, and a disc-shaped locking part 31 is protruded on one side, which is used to connect the motor 71, the reducer 72 and other components. The formed power unit 70 is due to the fact that the components of the power unit 70 are generally known mechanisms, and will not be described in detail.

The two driven wheels 40 are also general gear members. The hollow inner edge of each driven wheel 40 is provided with a bearing 63. After the end is put through the sheath, it is combined with a lock cover 65 to be positioned, and the driven wheel 40 is engaged with the driving wheel 30 .

The two elastic components 50 are arranged between the lugs 13 on both sides of the mechanism body 10 and the positioning screw holes 23 of the two swing arms 20. One end of the adjustment screw 51 is screwed at the positioning screw hole 23, and the other end protrudes from the positioning screw hole 23 to abut against the top shaft 52. The top shaft 52 is generally T-shaped. One end of the large diameter is in contact with the adjustment screw 51, and the other end is put through the elastic body 53 and then placed on the hollow inner edge of the lug 13, so that the two ends of the elastic body 53 are divided between the mechanism body 10 and the body 10. Between the swing arms 20, each swing arm 20 is further made to have a slightly elastic swing effect. And when it is necessary to adjust the compression elastic force of the elastic body 53, it can be achieved by tightening or loosening the position of the adjustment screw 51, and in order to increase the stability of the overall elastic action structure of each of the elastic components 50, it can also be used in the A stop screw 54 is screwed on the outer side of the positioning screw 23 for the adjustment screw 51 to avoid unexpected rotation and displacement of the adjustment screw 51 when the transmission mechanism is actuated.

Accordingly, by the above-mentioned components, the two driven wheels 40 take the pivot portion 21 of the swing arm 20 as a fulcrum, and the fulcrum is always located on the straight line connecting the driving wheel 30 and the center of circle of the driven wheel 40, and has a slightly The automatic adjustment function of the elastic pivoting stop is used so that if the transmission mechanism displaces on the racks 81, 82 to generate tooth gaps, the driven wheel 40 can be moved closer to the racks 81, 82 with the corresponding pivot portion 21 as the fulcrum of rotation. It can eliminate backlash, improve the accuracy of gear transmission meshing, and improve transmission efficiency.

As can be seen from the above description, the present invention makes the two driven wheels 40 pivotally assembled on the swing arm 20, and each has a micro-movement pivot point, and the technical characteristics of being driven by a driving wheel 30 meshing at the same time can indeed achieve the elimination of gear Clearance, improve the accuracy of gear transmission meshing, improve transmission efficiency. Please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 again. When the structural features of the present invention are applied to the transmission of the mechanism, it can not only be applied to the general linear rack 81, but also can be applied to the curved rack 82 with angles. Because the two driven wheels 40 are simultaneously driven by the driving wheel 30, not only can accurate and stable synchronous transmission be achieved, but also the transmission efficiency can be relatively improved. As for the elimination function of the backlash, because the two driven wheels 40 take the pivot portion 21 of each swing arm 20 as the fulcrum to do the active micro-motion pivot at any time, so the tooth-to-tooth contact can be eliminated during the transmission of the gear mechanism. Due to any factors between the backlash, the present invention can also adjust the compression elastic force of the elastic component 50, so that the pivoting action of the two driven wheels 40 to eliminate the backlash can be properly adjusted according to the different transmission environments of the mechanism , and more practical and progressive.

Claims (7)

1. the backlash eliminating method of a driving mechanism, it is characterized in that, it is to utilize the rotation of a motor driven one driving wheel, this driving wheel and engageable drive two followers, be to make this two follower have the fulcrum of an elasticity stopper, and this fulcrum and permanent being positioned on this driving wheel and the straight line that the follower center of circle links to each other.

2. according to the backlash eliminating method of the described driving mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that, wherein this driving wheel is the spindle hole place that is mounted on a mechanism body, and this driving wheel one wheel side also is convexly equipped with the lock-joining part of a plate-like, in order to connect the power unit that group is made up of members such as motor and speed reducers, this two follower then combines with mechanism body by two swing arms, respectively this swing arm one end is formed with the hinge portion of slotted hole shape, end is then offered a countershaft hole in addition, use for this follower ccontaining,, and by hinged arm pivot group location, and this end outside is fitted the place and is convexly equipped with formation one location screw; As for this mechanism body is to form two adjacent branched shaft holes in the upper limb outside, use for this two swing arm set and establish, and the suitable place of two opposite side faces also establishes a protruding pinna, in between the positioning screw hole of this protruding pinna and this two swing arm, establish an elastic component, when this two swing arm is assembled again, be make the one end with forward and backward crossover structure attitude the hinge portion respectively cover organize in this two branched shaft hole, hold the follower of pivot group then contact in addition with this driving wheel engagement, utilize a cover plate and locking bar to wear, cover again and consolidate.

3. according to the backlash eliminating method of the described rack gear of claim 2, it is characterized in that, wherein this elastic component is to adjust screw rod by one, member such as apical axis and elastomer is formed, this adjustment screw rod spiral shell is located at the positioning screw hole place of respectively this swing arm, and an end also protrudes this positioning screw hole, in order to connect to the end of this apical axis than the great circle footpath, and other end of this apical axis is placed in this protruding pinna after wearing this elastomer, make these elastomer two end branches be butted between this protruding pinna and positioning screw hole, further make respectively this swing arm have a micro-elasticity swing effect, when this elastomeric pressure elasticity power of need adjustment, by screwing or the position of this adjustment screw rod of spiral shell pine gets final product, and be to increase the integrally-built steadiness of this elastic component, this adjustments screw rod outside other again spiral shell establish a set screw, produce unexpected turn to avoid this adjustment screw rod.

4. the backlash of a driving mechanism is eliminated structure, it is characterized in that its formation comprises:

One mechanism body which is provided with a spindle hole and two adjacent branched shaft holes, use for a driving wheel and two swing arm pivot groups, and two relative suitable places, side respectively establishes a protruding pinna;

Two swing arms, the pivot group is in the branched shaft hole place of this mechanism body respectively, and respectively this swing arm one end is formed with the hinge portion that just can be located in this branched shaft hole place, and end is then offered a countershaft hole in addition, utilize the solid follower of hinged arm pivot, and to the suitable place of outer side surface that should protruding pinna and be convexly equipped with a location screw;

One driving wheel is located in the spindle hole of this mechanism body, and a side and with power unit winding as power resources;

Two followers are mounted on the countershaft hole place of respectively this swing arm respectively, and when this two swing arms pivot group during in the branched shaft hole place of this mechanism body, this two follower also contacts with this driving wheel engagement;

Two elastic components are located between the positioning screw hole of the protruding pinna of these mechanism body two sides and this two swing arm, in order to a slow-action elastic force is bestowed this follower;

In view of the above, make this two follower have the fulcrum of an elasticity stopper, and this fulcrum and permanent being positioned on this driving wheel and the straight line that the follower center of circle links to each other.

5. eliminate structure according to the backlash of the described driving mechanism of claim 4, it is characterized in that, wherein this two swing arm is after utilizing cover plate lid to establish, again by two locking bars wear its hinge portion in conjunction with, be positioned on this mechanism body.

6. eliminate structure according to the backlash of the described driving mechanism of claim 4, it is characterized in that wherein this power unit is made up of members such as motor, speed reducers, and the wheel side of this driving wheel is convexly equipped with lock-joining part and this power engine winding of a plate-like and consolidates.

7. eliminate structure according to the backlash of the described driving mechanism of claim 4, it is characterized in that, wherein this elastic component is to adjust screw rod by one, member such as apical axis and elastomer is formed, this adjustment screw rod spiral shell is located at the positioning screw hole place of respectively this swing arm, and an end also protrudes this positioning screw hole, in order to connect to the end of this apical axis than the great circle footpath, and other end of this apical axis is to be placed in this protruding pinna after wearing this elastomer, make these elastomer two end branches be butted between this protruding pinna and positioning screw hole, further make respectively this swing arm have a micro-elasticity swing effect, when this elastomeric pressure elasticity power of need adjustment, by screwing or the position of this adjustment screw rod of spiral shell pine gets final product, and be to increase the integrally-built steadiness of this elastic component, this adjustments screw rod outside other again spiral shell establish a set screw, produce unexpected turn to avoid this adjustment screw rod.

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