CN1890609A - Method and apparatus for patterning a workpiece and methods of manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for patterning a workpiece and methods of manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1890609A CN1890609A CN 200480036884 CN200480036884A CN1890609A CN 1890609 A CN1890609 A CN 1890609A CN 200480036884 CN200480036884 CN 200480036884 CN 200480036884 A CN200480036884 A CN 200480036884A CN 1890609 A CN1890609 A CN 1890609A
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Abstract
An apparatus for patterning a work piece including a source, and at least one reflective tilting surface adapted to induce a phase difference using at least one of a phase shifting plate and a difference in step height. A method corresponding to the apparatus for patterning a work piece. A method of manufacturing the apparatus for patterning a work piece and a Spatial Light Modulator, which may be included therein.
Description
Technical field
Embodiments of the invention relate to photoetching (lithography).
Background technology
In traditional etching system, spatial light modulator (SLM) can be used for pattern and form.Traditional SLM can comprise the clinoplane micro mirror.In order to form pattern on workpiece, micro mirror can be tilted.The conventional lithography system writes the flatness that quality can be depending on micro mirror.For example, the flatness of micro mirror reduces, and writing quality can be along with reduction.The raising of the flatness of one or more micro mirrors can provide higher-quality pattern to form.For example, one or more micro mirrors have higher flatness, and writing quality can improve.Yet, higher flatness (for example, high or desirable flatness) be difficult to realize and/or cost improper.
Traditional inclination micro mirror also can have the amount of the negative amplitude (negative amplitude) of reduction.Negative amplitude is useful, because can improve resolution.For example, whole or whole substantially negative amplitude can be used, for example, in the Chrome-free phase place photoetching on the mask of ledex technology.Whole or whole substantially negative amplitudes can have stronger phase shift effect, and it can cause resolution to improve.
Summary of the invention
In an embodiment of the present invention, the phase differential of introducing from the inclination micro mirror in electromagnetic radiation for example can expand the addressable amplitude range to except all or also comprise all the basic all positive amplitudes and basic whole amplitudes of bearing.Can realize that so whole or whole substantially phase shift resolution develops skill.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the defective of axial average form that tilt as the nonplanarity of inclination micro mirror.This average form can cause the reduction of contrast in the etching system.Embodiments of the invention are introduced phase differential, can increase to the contrast of the on-plane surface micro mirror of average form (even form).
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of spatial light modulator, and it comprises substrate, comprises a two-part at least reflecting surface at least.At least two parts are by causing phase differential between two parts radiation reflected at least.Phase differential is by phase-plate and causing one of at least in the phase step discrepancy in elevation between two parts (step height difference) at least.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides the method for a kind of manufacturing to the device of workpiece composition.Form conducting stratum on substrate, conducting stratum comprises that having non-conducting region is arranged on a plurality of conducting regions between it.Form temporary layer on a plurality of conducting regions and non-conducting region, it can comprise at least one non-conduction interceptor (stopper).On temporary layer, form the reflection horizon.On the two parts at least in reflection horizon, form material layer.
Another example of the present invention provides a kind of manufacturing to be used for the method in the reflection horizon of spatial light modulator.On reflecting surface, form temporary layer.Part temporary layer is to radiant exposure, and the remainder of temporary layer is not exposed to the open air.Remove the temporary layer that does not expose or expose to the open air (according to the type of resist, that is, that bear or positive) to the open air, the remainder of reflecting surface and temporary layer is capped material for transfer (shifting material).Remove the relevant portion of temporary layer and described material for transfer from a part of reflecting surface.
Another example of the present invention provides a kind of method to the workpiece composition.This method comprises: produce radiation, between the first at least of the radiation that is produced and second portion, cause phase differential, at least the first and the second portion of described radiation are radiated on the workpiece, utilize first and second parts of described radiation on workpiece, to form pattern.
Another example of the present invention provides a kind of device that is used for the workpiece composition.This device comprises source and at least one reflection device.Described source can produce radiation, and described at least one reflection device can form pattern and cause the phase differential of radiation on workpiece.Phase differential is by causing one of at least in the phase shift plate and the step discrepancy in elevation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the phase differential between the described two-part at least radiation on the workpiece for example is half or λ/2 ± n* λ of the wavelength of radiation, and wherein λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, n be natural number (for example, 0,1,2 ...).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the phase step discrepancy in elevation is 1/4th or λ/4 ± (n* λ/2) of the wavelength of radiation, and wherein λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, n be natural number (for example, 0,1,2 ...).
In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one reflecting surface is a catoptron.
In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one catoptron is plane or nonplanar reflector.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of reflectings surface are tiltable.
In an embodiment of the present invention, radiation be electromagnetic radiation and/or UV radiation and extreme ultraviolet radiation one of at least.
In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one phase-plate be transmission or the reflection.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the two parts at least one of at least in a plurality of reflectings surface are adjacent.
In an embodiment of the present invention, temporary layer comprises photo anti-corrosion agent material.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the removal that does not expose or expose to the open air (it is promptly, that bear or positive according to the type of resist) sensitive layer to the open air comprises that also using liquid solvent and dissolving do not expose to the open air or expose to the open air (according to the type of resist, that is, negative or positive) temporary layer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, temporary layer also comprises the electromagnetic susceptibility material.
In an embodiment of the present invention, radiation is a form of light waves.
In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one reflection device also comprises first and the second portion that reflects described radiation, by institute of first radiation reflected with different by second portion institute radiation reflected phase place.
In an embodiment of the present invention, first has the different phase step discrepancy in elevation with second portion.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step height of first is different with the value of the step height of second portion, its for example equal or equal substantially radiation wavelength 1/4th.
Description of drawings
With reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention will be clearer, wherein:
Fig. 1 represents to be used for according to the present invention the embodiment to the device of workpiece composition;
Fig. 2 A-2D represents the embodiment according to remodeling reflection device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 represents another embodiment according to reflection device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 represents another embodiment according to reflection device of the present invention, comprising the step discrepancy in elevation;
Fig. 5 A-5E represents along the embodiment of the manufacture method shown in the sectional view of the profile line A of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 A-6G represents along the embodiment of the manufacture method shown in the sectional view of the profile line B of Fig. 3; With
Fig. 7 A-7E represents the top view of the embodiment of manufacture method.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing with reference to the expression embodiment of the invention is more completely described embodiments of the invention.But, should be appreciated that, do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can be with regard to form and content modification embodiments of the invention described here.Therefore, embodiment described here is provided as an example, and not as restriction, scope of the present invention is not limited to specific embodiment described here.
Specifically, for the sake of clarity, the relative thickness and the location in layer or zone can dwindle or amplify.In addition, when directly when any of reference layer or substrate forms, or when on another layer that covers reference layer or pattern, forming, layer be considered to " " form on another layer or the substrate.
With reference to Fig. 1, the system that is used on workpiece forming pattern comprises the pattern generator according to the embodiment of the invention.Pattern generator comprises SLM 1, and it comprises independent and/or many-valued address pixels, source 2, imaging system 3 (for example, imaging optical system) and hardware and/or software data disposal system 4.System also comprises the stand 5 that for example has control system 6.
SLM 1 comprises reflection device (that is, micro machine mirror or micro mirror).For example, reflection SLM relies on micro machine mirror.Micro machine mirror utilizes piezoelectricity and/or electrostriction to drive.
SLM 1 is shone by source 2.Source 2 can be the KrF excimer laser, and the long radiation flash of light of 10-20 nanosecond that it is provided at the UV zone of 248 nano wave lengths has the bandwidth corresponding to excimer laser natural width.In order to reduce the pattern deformation on substrate, on the surface on SLM 1 surface, and light has the coherent length that does not produce laser facula on substrate 5 from the radiation profiles (for example, distributing equably) in source 2.
The system of Fig. 1 has stand 5 (for example, pinpoint substrate stand), and comprises control system 6 (for example, interferometer position control system).First direction (for example, y direction (not shown)), mechanical system (for example, servo-drive system) can keep stand in a position, in second direction (for example, x direction) perpendicular to first direction, stand for example can move (for example, machinery moves) with the speed that continues.Be used for to provide evenly or basic position between the image of the SLM on the substrate 51 uniformly along the control system 6 that the x direction triggers described exposure laser flash.When the delegation's SLM image on the substrate 5 was exposed, substrate turned back to the original position and moves the increment of a SLM image along the y direction along the x direction, another row SLM image on the exposure substrate 5.Repeat this program, until substrate 5 on whole or basically all images be exposed.For example, this surface is written into repeatedly and can obtains the average error value.
SLM 1 comprises a plurality of reflection devices (for example, micro mirror).Handle (for example, electricity is handled) reflection device, to arrive voltage of reflection device, the radiation that reflection and/or diffraction enter along a plurality of directions according to applying (for example, applying separately).
Embodiments of the invention provide the shape that changes reflection device (for example, micro mirror), for example realize the phase shift method for addressing.The reflection device of remodeling is used for the embodiment of the described SLM 1 of Fig. 1.For example, embodiments of the invention are provided at the manufacture method of the step discrepancy in elevation in the reflection device of embodiment of SLM 1.
Fig. 2 A-2D represent to retrofit embodiment of reflection device 400,406,408,410, it is included among the embodiment of SLM 1, and it also is included in the embodiment that is used for the device of workpiece composition according to of the present invention.About Fig. 2 A, reflection device 400 is flat micromirror devices, and it comprises two parts 400A and 400B at least.Each of part 400A and/or 400B has bottom electrode 404.Each is half of reflection device 400 for part 400A and part 400B, and electrode 404 is addressing electrode and/or counter electrode.
Fig. 2 B represents another embodiment of the present invention, and it is similar to the described reflection device of Fig. 2 A, and still, Fig. 2 B comprises reflection device 406.Reflection device 406 is non-planar mirror or similar reflecting surface.Reflection device 406 for example is crooked, shown in Fig. 2 B.For example, phase shift plate 402 and causes phase differential between the radiation of the partial reflection of reflection device 406 between reflection device 406 and substrate (not shown).For example, phase differential is similar or similar substantially to the described phase differential of Fig. 2 A.Although the phase shift plate can be composed of any suitable material, for example, phase shift plate 402 is made up of quartz glass.
Fig. 2 C represents another embodiment of the present invention, and it is similar to the described reflection device of Fig. 2 B, and still, Fig. 2 C comprises reflection device 408, and it is the non-planar mirror or the similar reflection device that tilt.For example, reflection device 408 can crookedly also tilt, and as mentioned above, in addition, realizes the phase differential of expectation in any suitable manner.For example, phase shift plate 402 and causes phase differential between two parts radiation reflected of reflection device 408 between reflection device 408 and substrate (not shown).Phase differential is similar to the phase differential of above-mentioned Fig. 2 B or similar substantially.
Partial coherence reflected light for catoptron for example can represent that for the inclination micro mirror, the complex amplitudes reflection coefficient obtains by the deflector surface integration in given inclination with the complex amplitudes reflection coefficient:
Wherein S is the surface of catoptron, and λ is a wavelength, and h is a local height, and r is local reflex.The Luminance Distribution of catoptron can square drawing with the complex amplitudes reflection coefficient of given deflection.The complex amplitudes track of complex amplitudes at interval by in conjunction be used for the mirror deflection angle, all or basically all the complex amplitudes reflection coefficient obtains.For example, for having equilibrium state (promptly, the plane inclination catoptron of the sloping shaft center at catoptron), when with similar or any phase modulation (PM) of being similar to the positive phase direction substantially when the mode that equates or the phase modulation (PM) of the basic minus phase direction that equates is offset is deflected, catoptron can have symmetry, and it can make the average phase balance.Average phase can keep all or whole basically angles of inclination, and this angle of inclination causes the complex amplitudes track at complex amplitudes actual value axis at interval.For any nonplanar catoptron, symmetry is destroyed, and the complex amplitudes track departs from (for example, part departs from) complex amplitudes actual axle at interval.For nonplanar reflector, the complex amplitudes of arrival point R=0+0i (that is initial point) at interval can have phase step.The phase information that keeps in the transient element of complex amplitudes track (imaginary contribution) and the final image that the performance that causes etching system reduces is identical or basic identical.Obtainable contrast is also influenced, because the complex amplitudes reflection coefficient does not reach 0+0i (that is initial point), do not reach zero (=black) for the brightness of any mirror deflection angle, for example, when the mirror that does not have phase step is sub-on-plane surface (for example, when catoptron be crooked).
Shown in Fig. 2 B and 2C, for example, to introduce phase step and can change that have can be with the nonplanar state of non-inclination of the shape of mathematic(al) mean formal description with respect to sloping shaft, the phase place symmetry can be rebuild, and the transient element of catoptron both sides is cancelled out each other.That is, the complex amplitudes reflection coefficient reaches 0+0i (that is, initial point), keeps higher picture contrast simultaneously.Phase step further reduces in the whole complex amplitudes track phase mass of the final image from the minimum to the high-high brightness for example, and it causes the lithography performance that improves.
Fig. 2 D represents another embodiment of the present invention, and it is similar to the described reflection device of Fig. 2 A.Fig. 2 D represents the reflection device 410 that tilts, and it can be level crossing or similar reflecting surface.Reflection device 410 is tilted, as mentioned above, and, with tilting of the phase differential that is suitable for realizing ideal at any angle direction and size.Phase shift plate 402 and causes phase differential between two parts radiation reflected of device 410 that is reflected for example between reflection device 410 and substrate (not shown).This phase differential is similar or similar substantially to the described phase differential of Fig. 2 A.Phase shift plate 402 for example is made up of quartz glass.
Fig. 3 represents the embodiment according to removable micro element 800 of the present invention, and it can utilize above-mentioned method embodiment manufacturing, and is included among the SLM 1 of Fig. 1.For example, removable micro element 800 is micro-mechanical components.For example, removable micro element 800 is the reflecting elements 111 among the SLM 1.Reflecting element 111 for example is used for simulation model, as electric input function, or is used for figure pattern, the ON and/or the OFF state of its expression reflecting element 111 with the degree of deflection that changes reflecting element 111.ON or OFF state by increase (for example, maximum) deflection and/or not deflection or basically not deflection limit.In an embodiment of the present invention, with above-mentioned zone 100 mutually the similar substantially zone 111 of Sihe are rectangular reflection elements, it is along supported by at least one middle part of at least one (for example, a pair of) hinge 60 (for example, torsion hinge).
Reflecting element 111 for example is polygon, circle or ellipse or their combination in any.The axis (for example, torsion shaft) that hinge 60 limits wherein.Hinge 60 extends and supported 50 supports from reflecting element 111.Supporting 50 rests on substrate 20 and reflecting element 111.Hinge 60, support 50 and/or substrate 20 are made up of identical or essentially identical material.This material for example is other combination of silicon, aluminium, other metal or any alloy or they, for example can utilize etching technique that those of ordinary skills expect by substrate etch.Substrate 20 also comprises electrode (for example, conduction addressing electrode) 40 and/or electrode (for example, conductive counter electrode) arbitrarily 30.The bottom circuit (for example, CMOS and/or addressing circuit) that comprises in electrode 40 and electrode 30 and substrate 20 (not shown) connects.Electrode 30 and/or electrode 40 connect with the capacitor of the voltage (for example, addressing voltage) of storage addressing electrode 30 and/or 40.
Fig. 4 represents the embodiment according to remodeling reflection device 904 of the present invention.For example, the phase shift addressing realizes by the shape of handling reflection device on SLM 1.For example, reflecting element 904 is retrofited by forming material layer 906, and it is corresponding to desirable phase shift 180 degree or λ/2 by a part of reflection device or device 904 radiation reflected.For example, material layer utilizes deposition process or any other suitable method to form.In another embodiment of the present invention, material layer is removed a part of reflection device 904 with another kind of method (for example, photoetching, processing or any other suitable processing), to obtain the phase shift (not shown) of expectation.Form reflection device 904, make the surface portion 900 of reflection device 904 for example be higher than another part 902 λ/4.
For example, the phase shift addressing can increase pattern resolution, and does not change other parameter of etching system or any other suitable system.When utilizing addressing system for example between-λ/4 to+λ/4, to move (for example, tilting) partly (for example, the edge) reflection device 904 or at 410 o'clock, obtain increasing the phase shift of (for example, whole).Addressing system is along a plurality of (for example, opposite) direction slanting reflector spare, from the light of the different piece radiation of catoptron or electromagnetic radiation at phase place difference λ/2 ± n* λ, wherein n be natural number (for example, 0,1,2 ...).The difference in height of catoptron different piece is λ/4 ± (n* λ/2), wherein n be natural number (for example, 0,1,2 ...), though n also can be any suitable number.Do not have the inclined mirror of phase step to allow negative amplitude up to approximately-0.2, it is corresponding to about-0.05 negative brightness.Be enough to like this to realize that feature resolution similar or that be similar to the attenuating phase-shift in the ledex substantially improves, but can not realize similar or be similar to the phase shift of the phase shifting mask of change substantially.
About the phase step catoptron, phase step can be eliminated the amplitude that for example comes from two mirror surface, and can cause reducing the brightness (deceiving) of (for example, seldom or do not have) for non-deflection.A kind of method of slanted phase step catoptron provides amplitude locus along positive real amplitude direction, for example, and up to amplitude approximately+0.7, corresponding to brightness approximately+0.5.For example provide approximately-0.7 negative amplitude along other direction slanted phase step catoptron, corresponding to brightness approximately-0.5.Therefore, for example, the phase step catoptron need not have the big radiation of the twice of phase step catoptron, but allows bigger phase shift to keep gray scale.
Fig. 5 A-5E represents to make the method example of micro-electromechanical system (MEMS).Fig. 5 A-5E is the example along the sectional view of the acquisition of the profile line A among Fig. 3.
About Fig. 5 A, substrate 230 is made up of semiconductor material (for example, silicon).Substrate 230 comprises complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) circuit and zone 210,212,214, and it can be metal (for example, other alloy of aluminium, aluminium or any suitable metal essence) and zone 220, and it for example is a silicon dioxide.Zone 220 between zone 210,212,214 can separate (for example, isolating) zone 210,212,214.For example, zone 210 form with SLM1 in being connected of reflecting element (for example, electrical connection).Zone 212 and/or 214 formation and electrode (for example, addressing electrode) connection (for example, being electrically connected), or they oneself can constitute electrode.
About Fig. 5 B, can cambium layer 240 (for example, temporary layer) on zone 210,212,214 and/or zone 220.Layer 240 is made up of sense radiative material (for example, electromagnetic radiation sensitivity material).Interceptor 250 is arranged within the layer 240 and to reflecting element and plays insulation (for example, electrical isolation) effect.Interceptor 250 separates reflecting element and zone 210,212,214 and/or electrode, can reduce the possibility of short circuit.Interceptor is made up of non-conduction or insulating material, for example, and silicon dioxide.Interceptor also can be made up of any suitable insulation material.
Be arranged on the support of the zone 245 formation reflecting elements between the layer 240.For example, zone 245 can be circle, ellipse, rectangle or any other suitable shape.Zone 245 between layer 240 for example can provide by photoetching method or any other suitable method.
About Fig. 5 C, layer 240, the zone 245 and/or the zone 210 on cambium layer (for example, reflection horizon) 260.
Can applied layer 280, form the step discrepancy in elevation at least one reflecting element in SLM 1.
About Fig. 5 D, for example, on layer 260 and/or layer 280, form the layer 270 of photoresist.285 reflecting element is separated from each other at interval.Interval 285 for example utilizes and comprises that exposure, development and/or etched any photoetching method or other suitable method form.
Fig. 5 E represents the example of the embodiment of SLM 1.For example, utilize liquid dissolving method, dry-etching method and any other suitable method can remove layer 270 and/or 240.
Fig. 6 A-6G is the example along the sectional view of the profile line B acquisition of Fig. 3.Sectional view relates to driver.
About Fig. 6 A, for example, be shown in and form before the step discrepancy in elevation sectional view of the echo area 100 of layer 260.
About Fig. 6 B, can cambium layer (for example, material layer) 710 on layer 260.For example, between layer 710 and layer 260, can provide etch stop layer.Etch stop layer can be silicon dioxide or any other etching barrier material.For example, any other traditional method cambium layer 710 on layer 260 of expecting by sputter or those of ordinary skills.
About Fig. 6 C, on layer 710, can form the layer (for example, temporary layer) 720 responsive to radiation (for example, electromagnetic radiation).For example, layer 720 can be resist or photoresist.About Fig. 6 D, a layer part of 720 (for example, half) 722 exposed to the open air, and the part of layer 720 (for example, half) 724 is not exposed to the open air, as mentioned above.
About Fig. 6 E, the part 724 (it is the part that is not exposed to the open air) of layer 720 is retained on the layer 710, and the part 722 of layer 720 is removed, and a part of echo area 100 has the material layer of uncoated.
About Fig. 6 F, for example etched removal of uncoated part of layer 710, layer 720 is 100 removals from the zone.Engraving method can be butt, wet basis or those of ordinary skills want any other engraving method.
About Fig. 6 G, zone 100 comprises the part layer 260 of cambium layer 710 thereon.The layer that do not expose to the open air on part 724 is dissolved by liquid flux.
About Fig. 7 A, substrate 230 comprises a plurality of regional 100 (for example, echo area or pixel), and it can form the embodiment of SLM 1.For example, substrate 5 is included in 100 ten thousand and 1 zone 100 between millions upon millions of.The limit in zone 100 is between 8 microns and 16 microns.Form the step discrepancy in elevation within zone 100, a plurality of regional 100 are separated from each other.Shown in Fig. 7 A, zone 100 usefulness cover the responsive layer 110 of radiation (for example, electromagnetic radiation).For example, layer 110 can be a resist.For example, according to any suitable method can be on layer 260 cambium layer 110.
About Fig. 7 B, the wavelength of 120 pairs of layer 110 sensitivities of a zone part of 100 (for example, half) exposes to the open air.Zone another part of 1000 (for example, half) 130 is not exposed to the open air.For example, utilize electron beam pattern generator or laser pattern generator, wherein electron beam (e-bundle) or laser beam can scan on the surface of substrate, or utilize the ledex of photomask, expose to the open air according to any suitable method.
About Fig. 7 C, layer 110 is exposed and is retained in to the open air the part 120 in zone 100, and layer 110 is removed from the part 130 in zone 100.For example, can use positive resist, for example, make layer 110 in developing process, be retained in the part 130 in zone 100.
About Fig. 7 D, part 150 and part 160 can cover with material layer (representing with the sexangle mosaic).Material layer for example forms by sputter or any suitable method.In the part 150 in zone 100, material layer can expose formation on the layer 110 to the open air.In another part 160 of echo area, material layer forms on layer 260.Material layer has a thickness, and it equals or equal substantially 1/4th λ/4 of the wavelength of radiation.Material layer thickness also can be any suitable thickness.For example, if the embodiment of SLM 1 is that for example, wavelength can be 248nm as the modulator in the pattern generator, the thickness that is splashed to the material layer on the zone 100 for example is 62nm.If the use different wave length can use in part, another step discrepancy in elevation between 100 the part 150 and 160 of zone for example.
About Fig. 7 E, the material layer that forms on layer 110 is for example with opening method (lift-off process) or any other suitable method removal.The part 170 in zone 100 can be the unmasked portion in zone 100, and part 160 is coated with material layer.Part 160 and the step height between the part 170 in echo area 100 can change according to the needs of the material that produces the step discrepancy in elevation.
Embodiments of the invention for example can improve the quality that writes of micro-lithography system, and the micro-lithography system can usage space photomodulator (SLM).For example, embodiments of the invention also can improve the quality that writes of micro-lithography system, and the micro-lithography system comprises nonplanar reflection device (for example, catoptron, micro mirror etc.).Embodiments of the invention also improve the quality that writes of any other suitable system.
Embodiments of the invention should be appreciated that, substrate described herein is by any suitable material (for example, glass, pottery, metal, alloy etc.), and is desired as those of ordinary skill in the art.
Although described embodiments of the invention, should be appreciated that to have any suitable wavelength, any suitable light of (EUV) can be utilized by those of ordinary skill in the art to comprise extreme ultraviolet at ultraviolet (UV) light.
Although specifically illustrate and described the present invention with reference to embodiments of the invention, will be understood by those skilled in the art that, under the situation of the spirit and scope of the present invention that do not have disengaging to limit, can make various variations with regard to form and content by following claim.
Claims (28)
1. spatial light modulator comprises:
Substrate;
At least one reflecting surface comprises two parts at least, is suitable for causing phase differential between by the described radiation reflected of two parts at least; Wherein
Described phase differential is by causing one of at least in the phase-plate and the described step discrepancy in elevation between two parts at least.
2. spatial light modulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said phase differential between two parts at least is λ/2 ± n* λ, and wherein λ is the wavelength of described radiation, and n is a natural number.
3. spatial light modulator as claimed in claim 1, the wherein said step discrepancy in elevation are λ/4 ± (n* λ/2), and wherein λ is the wavelength of described radiation, and n is a natural number.
4. spatial light modulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one reflecting surface is a catoptron.
5. spatial light modulator as claimed in claim 4, wherein said at least one catoptron is a level crossing.
6. spatial light modulator as claimed in claim 4, wherein said at least one catoptron is a non-planar mirror.
7. spatial light modulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said a plurality of reflectings surface are tiltable.
8. spatial light modulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said radiation is electromagnetic radiation.
9. spatial light modulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said radiation be UV radiation and extreme ultraviolet beta radiation one of at least.
10. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one phase-plate be transmission or the reflection.
11. device as claimed in claim 1, the two parts at least one of at least in wherein said a plurality of reflectings surface are adjacent.
12. a manufacturing is to the method for the device of workpiece composition, this method comprises:
Form conducting stratum on substrate, described conducting stratum comprises that having non-conducting region is arranged on a plurality of conducting regions between it;
On described a plurality of conducting regions and non-conducting region, form temporary layer;
On described temporary layer, form the reflection horizon; With
On the described reflection horizon of at least a portion, form material layer.
13. a manufacturing is used for the method in the reflection horizon of spatial light modulator, this method comprises:
On reflecting surface, form temporary layer;
To radiant exposure, make the described reflecting surface of part be exposed to the open air and the remainder of described temporary layer is not exposed to the open air the part of described temporary layer;
Remove described not exposing to the open air or the described temporary layer that has exposed to the open air;
Cover the remainder of described reflecting surface and described temporary layer with material for transfer; With
Remove the relevant portion of described temporary layer and described material for transfer from the described reflecting surface of a part.
14. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said temporary layer comprises photo anti-corrosion agent material.
15. method as claimed in claim 13, the wherein said removal that does not expose or exposed to the open air sensitive layer to the open air also comprises:
The using liquid solvent and
Dissolve the described temporary layer that does not expose to the open air or exposed to the open air.
16. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said temporary layer also comprises the electromagnetic susceptibility material.
17. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said material for transfer is a transparent material.
18. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said material for transfer is a reflecting material.
19. a method that is used for the workpiece composition comprises:
Produce radiation, comprise first and second portion at least at least, towards the radiation of workpiece described at least first of reflection and described second portion;
Between the radiation of described at least first and described second portion, cause phase differential;
With the radiation irradiation of described at least first and described second portion on described workpiece; With
Utilize the radiation of described first and second parts on described workpiece, to form pattern.
20. method as claimed in claim 19, the λ of phasic difference mutually/2 ± n* λ of the phase place of wherein said first and described second portion, wherein λ is the wavelength of described radiation, n is a natural number.
21. method as claimed in claim 19, the λ of phasic difference mutually/4 ± (n* λ/2) of the phase place of wherein said first and described second portion, wherein λ is the wavelength of described radiation, n is a natural number.
22. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein said radiation is electromagnetic radiation.
23. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein said radiation are the forms of light wave.
24. a device that is used for the workpiece composition, this device comprises:
Be suitable for producing the source of radiation;
At least one reflection device, the phase differential that is suitable on workpiece, forming pattern and causes radiation; Wherein
Described phase differential is by causing one of at least in the phase shift plate and the step discrepancy in elevation.
25. device as claimed in claim 24, wherein said at least one reflection device also comprise,
Be suitable for reflecting the first and the second portion of described radiation, by institute of described first radiation reflected with different by described second portion institute radiation reflected phase place.
26. device as claimed in claim 25, wherein by the phase place of institute of described first radiation reflected and the λ of phasic difference mutually/2 ± n* λ by described second portion institute radiation reflected, wherein λ is the wavelength of described radiation, and n is a natural number.
27. device as claimed in claim 25, wherein said first has different step heights with described second portion
28. device as claimed in claim 27, the difference of the step height of wherein said first and the step height of described second portion equal λ/4 ± (n* λ/2), wherein λ is the wavelength of described radiation, and n is a natural number.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US52848803P | 2003-12-11 | 2003-12-11 | |
| US60/528,488 | 2003-12-11 | ||
| US60/529,114 | 2003-12-15 | ||
| US60/537,887 | 2004-01-22 |
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| EP0657760A1 (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1995-06-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Image simulation and projection system |
| JP4022398B2 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2007-12-19 | 株式会社 液晶先端技術開発センター | Method and apparatus for creating phase shift mask |
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