CN1888099A - Harmful impurity eliminating and density increasing roasting process for activated zinc oxide powder and zinc scum - Google Patents
Harmful impurity eliminating and density increasing roasting process for activated zinc oxide powder and zinc scum Download PDFInfo
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- CN1888099A CN1888099A CNA2006100110435A CN200610011043A CN1888099A CN 1888099 A CN1888099 A CN 1888099A CN A2006100110435 A CNA2006100110435 A CN A2006100110435A CN 200610011043 A CN200610011043 A CN 200610011043A CN 1888099 A CN1888099 A CN 1888099A
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Abstract
The present invention is process of activating and roasting zinc oxide powder and zinc scum to densify and eliminate harmful impurity, and belongs to the field of zinc and lead smelting technology. The process includes mixing zinc oxide powder and zinc scum, sulfuric acid as activator and water in a mixer; and heating the mixture in a densifying roaster at 100-1300 deg.c while introducing air as gaseous medium for the activator to react selectively with chloride and fluoride in zinc oxide powder and zinc scum to produce HCI and HF separable with the material and making other chloride and other volatile matter volatilize and separate from metal zinc. The process eliminate fluoride and chloride directly, and has the advantages of short technological process, easy operation, low power consumption, less pollution, low cost, high metal recovering rate, etc.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to the method that a kind of active oxidation zinc powder and zinc dross density roasting remove detrimental impurity, belong to the lead-zinc smelting field, in particular, is that a kind of secondary zinc oxide powder and zinc dross reclaim zinc and the pretreatment process that removes detrimental impurity.
Background technology: in the zinc hydrometallurgy, leached mud is handled and to be divided into two kinds of wet method and pyrogenic processes, and wet processing is many sinks the iron technology based on peracid high temperature leachings-jarosite, and this techniqueflow is longer, and to the equipment requirements height, technical sophistication and difficulty are bigger; But it is of reduced contamination that this technology has, and energy consumption is lower, comprehensively reclaims advantage preferably.
The pyrogenic attack leached mud generally adopts waelz process, makes zinc volatilization wherein, and is reclaimed with the form of zinc oxide dust, and then returns wet zinc-making system and produce electric zinc.This zinc oxide fumes is rich in indium, Volatile Elements such as germanium, reclaim the metallic zinc except that returning wet zinc-making system, its bigger meaning also is to reclaim simultaneously indium, valuable elements such as germanium, because this flue dust is chloride, fluorine, cadmium, arsenic, antimony, lead and organism (organism such as tar that produce when charcoal burning and vaporization) height, certainly will be in the flue dust leaching process with chlorine, fluorine, cadmium, arsenic, antimony, plumbous and organism etc. is brought into solution, make solution chloride, it is fluorine-containing to solution that fluorine and organism surpass the zinc electrolytic deposition, chlorine and organic requirement, cause anodic corrosion serious, electricity zinc downgrade, cathode consumption increases, and influences ordinary production.Impurity such as the cadmium in solution, arsenic, antimony and organism also will increase the difficulty and the complexity of zinc powder consumption and purification in purification.Therefore, fluorine, chlorine, cadmium, arsenic, antimony, lead and organism in the zinc oxide fumes must be removed before entering wet zinc-making system or other smelting process.Simultaneously, the negative electrode zinc metal sheet mainly contains zinc, zinc oxide, zinc chloride at the scum silica frost of founding time institute output, and wherein the zinc of metal form is that form with the zinc pearl remains in the zinc dross, and zinc dross contains zinc generally at 70-80%, and is chloride at 2-3%.Owing to contain a certain amount of chlorine in the zinc dross, can not directly return wet method zinc smelting system or other smelting process to zinc dross.Thereby the application in zinc hydrometallurgy or other smelting process must be provided with special fluorine, chlorine, cadmium, arsenic, antimony, lead and the organism operation of removing to this part zinc oxide fumes and zinc dross.
At present, take off the acrobatics art high temperature multiple hearth furnace defluorinate chlorine, alkali cleaning defluorinate chlorine, silica gel adsorption, electroosmose process, ion exchange method, precipitation by metallic ion method etc. are arranged from containing assorted zinc oxide fumes and zinc dross.Industrial technology of directly taking off the fluorine and chlorine removal success from secondary zinc oxide is many stoves, but taking off fluorine and chlorine removal, oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross in industry, also do not have proven technique and technology, additive method all owing to reagent costliness, regeneration difficulty, operation inconvenience, fail in industrial application by reasons such as dechlorination rate.The ubiquitous deficiency of these methods is the technical matters complexity, and metal recovery rate is low, plumbous, the difficult separation of zinc, and valuable metal disperses, and the reagent consumption amount is big, is difficult to overcome the complicacy of mineral, makes mineral sort difficulty.
Summary of the invention: the objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the method for provide that a kind of technical matters flow process is short, easy to operate, process stabilizing, energy consumption lowly, low polluting, cost is low, metal recovery rate is high, zinc and the segregative active oxidation zinc powder of impurity and zinc dross density roasting remove detrimental impurity.
Realize that method of the present invention is: oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross and sulfuric acid and water are joined in the mixing tank thorough mixing as activator and react completely, the add-on of activator is 0.05～5% (sulfuric acid concentration of activator is 50% ~ 95%) of weight of material, after thorough mixing and reaction, directly enter in the density stoving oven and heat, 100～1300 ℃ of control reaction temperature, bubbling air is as gaseous media, under pilot-gas flow velocity 0.01m/s～1.5m/s condition, 10 minutes to 180 minutes, directly remove detrimental impurity.
Under these conditions, the activator generation chemical reaction that adds and in the density roasting process, with optionally with muriate and fluorochemical reacting generating salt, hydrogenchloride and hydrogen fluoride plumbous, zinc, and other muriates and volatile substances are volatilized, entering flue gas separates with base metal zinc, direct defluorinate chlorine and detrimental impurity, other gangue composition does not then change and remaines in the material.
Waelz process method products obtained therefrom is that density is little, fine size, contain assorted high a kind of secondary zinc oxide powder.Through material phase analysis as can be known, in zinc oxide fumes chlorine mainly with ZnCl
2, PbCl
2And ZnOCl
2, ZnOF
2, PbOCl
2, PbOF
2And the muriate form of basic metal (Na, Mg) exists.The massfraction that chlorinity accounts for material in the various muriates is respectively: the chlorine that exists with zinc chloride and zinc oxide absorption shape accounts for the 78-80% of total chlorine amount; The chlorine that exists with plumbous oxide and plumbous oxide absorption shape accounts for the 12-15% of total chlorine amount; The chlorine that exists with the alkali metal chloride form accounts for the 6-8% of total chlorine amount.Zinc dross is the slag after through re-selection process oarse-grained zinc pearl wherein being reclaimed, and this zinc dross is a wet slag, and outward appearance is the grey black look.Zinc dross is through chemical analysis, and its thing phase chemistry composition is as follows: moisture is 20-22%, Zn65-78%, Cl2-12%, F0.02-0.1%.Because of in activation density roasting process, have micro-hydrogen chloride gas to produce, because hydrogen chloride gas has corrodibility and to topsoil, thereby the density stoving oven that adopts is the process furnace of liner acid-resistant refractory brick, can be divided in the process furnace chain type or Chainless type container are arranged, volume is 1～2000 meter
3, the hydrogenchloride of generation is that metal chloride such as plumbous zinc produces in activation and density roasting in oxide powder and zinc and the zinc dross, activate and the density roasting process in the chemical ingredients of the activator that adds be sulfuric acid or water.
The present invention is in the density roasting process, and the reaction of muriate in the vitriol oil and water and flue dust and the zinc dross makes chlorine in flue dust and the zinc dross and fluorine with HCI and HF gas form and feed separation, reaches the purpose of dechlorination and fluorine, and reaction formula is:
By calculation of thermodynamics as can be known, the free letter of these muriates and fluorochemical and strong sulfuric acid response is less than zero, this show these muriates and fluorochemical at a certain temperature can with strong sulfuric acid response, make chlorine fluorine in muriate and the fluorochemical be converted into HCl and HF gas and remove.Organism CR at high temperature with oxygen generation combustion reactions, generate carbonic acid gas and water; Volatilization then at high temperature takes place and enters gas phase in volatile metal oxide MeO (wherein Me represents metals such as cadmium, arsenic, antimony, lead).
The present invention is because activation density roasting process is under atmospheric pressure state, to activate density roasting process temperature and control to 100～1300 ℃, bubbling air is as gaseous media, under the effect of activator, to the lead in oxide powder and zinc and the zinc dross, the muriate of elements such as zinc activates the density roasting, generate the volatilization of single hydrogenchloride and fluorochemical, the complex separations technology that physical property in the separating technology is selected becomes in activation density roasting process makes complex material form the process that changes one matter into, separating technology is simplified, process intensification, realizing that oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross activation density roasting removes detrimental impurity, is a kind of clearer production technology of intensified transformation.Therefore, the present invention possesses skills that technical process is short, easy to operate, process stabilizing, energy consumption lowly, low pollute, cost is low, metal recovery rate is high, zinc and the advantage that impurity is easily separated, valuable metal is concentrated.
Embodiment: technology contents of the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.
Example 1: with oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross and activator (sulfuric acid and water, sulfuric acid concentration is 50%) mix and react completely after, add continuously in the density stoving oven with feeder, the add-on of control activator be weight of material 0.05%, temperature is 100 ℃ in the stove, keep furnace air flow velocity 0.01m/s, oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross were activated the density roasting 10 minutes, generate gaseous state HCI and HF, and other muriates and volatile substances are volatilized, separate to enter flue gas with base metal zinc, directly defluorinate chlorine and detrimental impurity.
This active oxidation zinc powder and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, take off fluorine and chlorine removal and the detrimental impurity effect is: chlorine decreasing ratio 88%, fluorine decreasing ratio 88%, plumbous decreasing ratio 30%, cadmium decreasing ratio 45%, arsenic decreasing ratio 30%, antimony decreasing ratio 30%, organism decreasing ratio 80%, the rate of loss 5% of zinc, calcining is chloride 0.1%, zinc direct yield 94%.
Example 2: with oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross and activator (sulfuric acid and water, sulfuric acid concentration is 95%) mix and react completely after, add continuously in the density stoving oven with feeder, the add-on of control activator is 5% of a weight of material, temperature is at 1300 ℃ in the stove, keep furnace air flow velocity 1.5m/s, oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross were activated the density roasting 10 minutes, generate gaseous state HCI and HF, and other muriates and volatile substances are volatilized, separate to enter flue gas with base metal zinc, directly defluorinate chlorine and detrimental impurity.
This active oxidation zinc powder and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, take off fluorine and chlorine removal and the detrimental impurity effect is: chlorine decreasing ratio 95%, fluorine decreasing ratio 95%, plumbous decreasing ratio 35%, cadmium decreasing ratio 55%, arsenic decreasing ratio 35%, antimony decreasing ratio 35%, organism decreasing ratio 95%, the rate of loss 8% of zinc, calcining is chloride 0.02%, zinc direct yield 76%.
Example 3: with oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross and activator (sulfuric acid and water, sulfuric acid concentration is 80%) mix and react completely after, add continuously in the density stoving oven with feeder, the add-on of control activator is 0.5% of a weight of material, temperature is at 550 ℃ in the stove, keep furnace air flow velocity 1.0m/s, oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross were activated the density roasting 180 minutes, generate gaseous state HCI and HF, and other muriates and volatile substances are volatilized, separate to enter flue gas with base metal zinc, directly defluorinate chlorine and detrimental impurity.
This active oxidation zinc powder and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, take off fluorine and chlorine removal and the detrimental impurity effect is: chlorine decreasing ratio 89%, fluorine decreasing ratio 89%, plumbous decreasing ratio 31%, cadmium decreasing ratio 47%, arsenic decreasing ratio 30%, antimony decreasing ratio 30%, organism decreasing ratio 82%, the rate of loss 5.5% of zinc, calcining is chloride 0.08%, zinc direct yield 87%.
Example 4: with oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross and activator (sulfuric acid and water, sulfuric acid concentration is 75%) mix and react completely after, add continuously in the density stoving oven with feeder, the add-on of control activator is 0.4% of a weight of material, temperature is at 350 ℃ in the stove, keep furnace air flow velocity 0.5m/s, oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross were activated the density roasting 60 minutes, generate gaseous state HCI and HF, and other muriates and volatile substances are volatilized, separate to enter flue gas with base metal zinc, directly defluorinate chlorine and detrimental impurity.
This active oxidation zinc powder and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, take off fluorine and chlorine removal and the detrimental impurity effect is: chlorine decreasing ratio 88%, fluorine decreasing ratio 88%, plumbous decreasing ratio 30%, cadmium decreasing ratio 45%, arsenic decreasing ratio 30%, antimony decreasing ratio 30%, organism decreasing ratio 81%, the rate of loss 6% of zinc, calcining is chloride 0.09%, zinc direct yield 86%.
Example 5: with oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross and activator (sulfuric acid and water, sulfuric acid concentration is 65%) mix and react completely after, add continuously in the density stoving oven with feeder, the add-on of control activator is 0.5% of a weight of material, temperature is at 760 ℃ in the stove, keep furnace air flow velocity 0.5m/s, oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross were activated the density roasting 45 minutes, generate gaseous state HCI and HF, and other muriates and volatile substances are volatilized, separate to enter flue gas with base metal zinc, directly defluorinate chlorine and detrimental impurity.
This active oxidation zinc powder and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, take off fluorine and chlorine removal and the detrimental impurity effect is: chlorine decreasing ratio 90%, fluorine decreasing ratio 90%, plumbous decreasing ratio 33%, cadmium decreasing ratio 48%, arsenic decreasing ratio 33%, antimony decreasing ratio 33%, organism decreasing ratio 90%, the rate of loss 6% of zinc, calcining is chloride 0.04%, zinc direct yield 89%.
Example 6: with oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross and activator (sulfuric acid and water, sulfuric acid concentration is 85%) mix and react completely after, add continuously in the density stoving oven with feeder, the add-on of control activator is 0.3% of a weight of material, temperature is at 950 ℃ in the stove, keep furnace air flow velocity 0.25m/s, oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross were activated the density roasting 50 minutes, generate gaseous state HCI and HF, and other muriates and volatile substances are volatilized, separate to enter flue gas with base metal zinc, directly defluorinate chlorine and detrimental impurity.
This active oxidation zinc powder and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, take off fluorine and chlorine removal and the detrimental impurity effect is: chlorine decreasing ratio 93%, fluorine decreasing ratio 93%, plumbous decreasing ratio 34.5%, cadmium decreasing ratio 54.5%, arsenic decreasing ratio 34.5%, antimony decreasing ratio 34.5%, organism decreasing ratio 93%, the rate of loss 6.5% of zinc, calcining is chloride 0.025%, zinc direct yield 93%.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of active oxidation zinc powder and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, it is characterized in that oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross being joined in the mixing tank thorough mixing with activator sulfuric acid and water and reacting completely, directly send in the density stoving oven then and heat, 100～1300 ℃ of control reaction temperature, and bubbling air is as gaseous media, make activator optionally with oxide powder and zinc and zinc dross in muriate and fluorochemical reaction, generate gaseous state HCI and HF and feed separation, and other muriates and volatile substances are volatilized, separate to enter flue gas with base metal zinc, directly defluorinate chlorine and detrimental impurity.
2, active oxidation zinc powder according to claim 1 and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, it is characterized in that the reaction times in stoving oven is 10～180 minutes, and the flow velocity of bubbling air is 0.01～1.5m/s in stoving oven.
3, active oxidation zinc powder according to claim 1 and 2 and zinc dross density roasting remove the method for detrimental impurity, and the add-on that it is characterized in that activator is the 0.05-5% of weight of material, and the sulfuric acid concentration of activator is 50%～95%.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102939397A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-02-20 | 莫利康普矿物有限责任公司 | Hydrometallurgical process and method for recovering metals |
| CN103343237A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for removing fluorine and chlorine from zinc oxide fume by adopting sulfuric acid activating/microwave roasting |
| CN104773751A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-15 | 衢州市业胜金属材料有限公司 | Method for removing fluorine, chlorine and valuable metals in secondary zinc oxide |
| CN109001007A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-14 | 汉能新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method of material |
| CN110144454A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-08-20 | 石家庄学院 | The technique of impurity in a kind of removal zinc gray |
| CN110983032A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Method for treating high fluorine chlorine zinc-containing oxidation material |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53141121A (en) * | 1977-05-14 | 1978-12-08 | Nippon Kinzoku Co Ltd | Method of making zinc sulfate from zinc slag |
| CN1120592A (en) * | 1994-10-08 | 1996-04-17 | 包智香 | Method for extracting zinc and manganese dioxide from waste dry cell |
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2006
- 2006-07-13 CN CNB2006100110435A patent/CN100395357C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102939397A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-02-20 | 莫利康普矿物有限责任公司 | Hydrometallurgical process and method for recovering metals |
| US8936770B2 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2015-01-20 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Hydrometallurgical process and method for recovering metals |
| US10179942B2 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2019-01-15 | Secure Natural Resources Llc | Hydrometallurgical process and method for recovering metals |
| CN103343237A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for removing fluorine and chlorine from zinc oxide fume by adopting sulfuric acid activating/microwave roasting |
| CN104773751A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-15 | 衢州市业胜金属材料有限公司 | Method for removing fluorine, chlorine and valuable metals in secondary zinc oxide |
| CN109001007A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-14 | 汉能新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method of material |
| CN110144454A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-08-20 | 石家庄学院 | The technique of impurity in a kind of removal zinc gray |
| CN110983032A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Method for treating high fluorine chlorine zinc-containing oxidation material |
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