CN1887887A - 有机金属络合物、其制备方法、组合物和用途 - Google Patents
有机金属络合物、其制备方法、组合物和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1887887A CN1887887A CN 200510079826 CN200510079826A CN1887887A CN 1887887 A CN1887887 A CN 1887887A CN 200510079826 CN200510079826 CN 200510079826 CN 200510079826 A CN200510079826 A CN 200510079826A CN 1887887 A CN1887887 A CN 1887887A
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Abstract
本发明涉及有机金属络合物、其制备方法、组合物和用途。通过金属分子配位中心将营养素同有机酸和含有功能基的有机和/或无机化合物相结合，所述营养素(特别是抗坏血酸和必需氨基酸)的功能获得提升、稳定性和可吸收利用性得以改善并且增强了功效，如抗逆功能和抗应激功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制药领域，更具体而言，涉及一类新的有机金属络合物、含有该金属络合物的组合物以及它们的制备方法。此外，本发明还涉及所述金属络合物在制药和食品领域中的应用。
背景技术
药物的残留及其抗药性，对人类健康造成的威胁已日益受到人类的重视。研究和开发营养素药物是解决这一技术难题的一条新途径。作为首先被发明的营养素药物，氨基酸碘已经取得发明专利权，专利号分别为CN-ZL-01114666.4和CN-ZL-01811670.1。氨基酸碘能高效杀灭病原微生物，包括病毒、致病菌和滴虫等，它能解决许多经典药物无法解决的难题。例如，抗坏血酸是最基本的药物之一，但是其稳定性差一直是一个困扰人们的一个难题，人们虽经多方努力但一直未能找到一个好的解决方法，包括Seib，P.A.在US-4,647,672中公开的抗坏血酸三磷酸酯，AsPP，随后的大量研究表明，所述发明所涉及的抗坏血酸功能已基本丧失。
为克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供一类新颖的有机金属络合物及其组合物，以及制备它们的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一类新的有机金属络合物，有机酸金属络合物及其组合物。
本发明的目的还在于，提供所述的有机金属络合物及其组合物的制备方法，以及它们在制药和食品中的应用。
本发明的有机金属络合物，其配位中心是金属分子(M)，络合剂是有机酸和含有功能基的有机和/或无机化合物，其化学通式为：
R1·M·R2 (I)
其中M代表金属，R1和R2代表有机酸和/或有机、无机化合物的侧链基团，R1和R2可以相同也可以不同。
所述的金属M是钙、镁、铁、锌、锰、铜、钴、镍、铬、锗、钼、锶、铋、汞、铂、镧或银。
有机酸包括抗坏血酸、硬脂酸、棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、乳酸、富马酸、葡萄糖酸、十二烷酸、柠檬酸、不饱和脂肪酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、羟基丙二酸、羟基丁酸、丙酮酸。
不饱和脂肪酸是DHA、亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、五烯二十碳酸(EPA)和六烯二十二碳酸(DHA)。
功能化合物包括硫酸、磷酸、多聚磷酸、亚硒酸、偏硅酸；苯甲酸、乙酰水杨酸、二氟苯基水杨酸、甲氧萘丙酸、氟联苯丙酸、苯酮苯丙酸、甘草酸、苯氧戊酸、萘苯丁酸、烟酸、泛酸、核苷酸、肌苷磷酸、氨甲苯酸、氨甲环酸、牛黄酸、视黄酸、褐藻酸；甘氨酸、蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、谷氨酸、胱氨酸、半胱氨酸、组氨酸、酪氨酸、天冬氨酸；硫胺素、核黄素；咪唑；氨二乙酸、氨三乙酸、氨二丙酸、乙二胺-N，N-二乙酸、乙二胺四乙酸、乙二胺二丙酸、乙二胺四丙酸；羟基羧基有机化合物、其典型化合物是2-羟基丙酸(乳酸)、4-甲硫基-2-羟基丁酸；羟基丁二酸(苹果酸)、酒石酸、葡萄糖酸、羟基丙二酸、羟基乙酸、2-羟基异丁酸、2-羟基-2-甲基丙酸、羟基丁酸；含芳烃基团的羟基羧基有机化合物的典型代表是羟基苯甲酸(水杨酸)、3-甲基水杨酸、3-甲氧基水杨酸、5-磺基水杨酸、羟基苯乙酸(扁桃酸)、4-羟基间苯二甲酸、2-羟基-3-萘甲酸、6-甲基-3-异丙基水杨酸(邻百里酸)、琼脂酸、柠檬酸、丙酮酸。
抗坏血酸(维生素C，分子式为C6H8O6)是重要的维生素营养素，以它作为主体的金属络合物，
(1)当R1为羧酸时，其化学通式为：
R3COO·M·O-C6H7O5 (II)
其中R3为有机羧酸的侧链基团，M为金属分子。
(2)当R1为多聚磷酸时，其化学通式为：
P2POO·M·O-C6H7O5 (III)
其中，O-C6H7O5、R3COO和P2POO分别代表抗坏血酸、有机羧酸和多聚磷酸脱氢后的化学基团，R3为有机羧酸的侧链基团，M为金属分子。
(3)当R1为功能化合物时，其化学通式为：
R5·M·O-C6H7O5 (V)
其中，R5代表功能有机物脱氢后的化学基团。如硫胺素、核黄素、咪唑等脱氢后的基团，M为金属分子。
氨基酸也是重要的营养素，以它作为主体的金属络合物，当R1为羧酸时，其化学通式为：
R3COO·M·OOC(H)C(NH2)R4 (IV)
其中，R3有机羧酸的侧链基团，R4为α氨基酸的侧链基团，M为金属分子。
本发明所述的有机金属络合物，其中心金属分子(M)，可以是一般的金属分子，也可以是其放射性同位素。
根据有机物和功能化合物的不同，以及使用要求的不同，有机物和功能化合物与金属的克分子比可以在一定范围内变化，但通常在20-1比较适宜，优选是5-1。
本发明的有机金属络合物，是通过在盛有溶剂的容器中，在搅拌下、于20℃-85℃，逐步加入反应物，持续反应而获得。
所述溶剂，可以是无机溶剂和/或有机溶剂，无机溶剂是水、盐酸、硫酸、磷酸中的一种或两种以上的混合物；有机溶剂是乙醇、乙二醇、丙三醇、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、醚类、酮类、酯类、氯仿、吡啶、二甲基亚砜、二甲基砜、苯甲醇中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下的优点：如前所述，抗坏血酸稳定性差一直是人们研究的重大课题，但始终没有得到圆满的解决。申请人经过创造性劳动发现，脂肪酸抗坏血酸金属盐，不但使抗坏血酸更稳定，还使之用于水产饲料不会产生丢失。所引进的金属离子如钙离子，也更容易吸收，并使机体保持更好的健康状态。功能性有机物借金属而同抗坏血酸结合，增强了功效，如抗逆功能和抗应激功能等。本发明将多种功能材料结合在一起，提高了自然资源的利用，更利于环境的保护。
本发明所述的组合物，包括作为活性成分的有机金属络合物、性能改良剂和辅料。
本发明所述的组合物重量组成如下：
成分 重量(％)
有机金属络合物 0.5-40
性能改良剂 0-60
辅料 99.5-0
前提是各成分之和为100％。
所述性能改良剂可以是营养素类、调味增香剂类、其中一种或两种以上的食品添加剂。
营养素类是氨基酸、矿物质和维生素等。
氨基酸是必需氨基酸，如蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、天冬氨酸、组氨酸、谷氨酸、酪氨酸、胱氨酸、复合氨基酸，如蛋白质水解的氨基酸。
矿物质，可以是金属的无机酸盐，如钙、镁、铁、锌、锰、铜、钴、镍、铬、锗、钼、锶的无机酸盐，无机酸是盐酸、硫酸、磷酸，也可以是金属的螯合盐，如葡糖酸锌、葡糖酸亚铁、葡糖酸钙、氨基酸锌、氨基酸铜、氨基酸锰、氨基酸亚铁和氨基酸硒。
调味剂类是核糖核苷酸钙、甘草甜素；增香剂类是肉桂油、柠檬油、苯甲醇、尼泊金乙酯、苯氧乙醇、冰片、薄荷油。
性能改良剂还包括功能性药物，包括(但不限于)解热镇痛药、抗虫药、抗真菌药和抗过敏药等。解热镇痛药可以是阿司匹林、萘普生、芬布芬，优选阿司匹林；抗虫药是青蒿素、甲硝唑；抗真菌药可以是酮康唑、咪康唑，优选酮康唑；抗过敏药是氢化可的松(皮质醇)、去氢可的松、苯海拉明或扑尔敏。
辅料是乳化增稠剂类、被膜剂类和食品。乳化增稠剂类是羟丙基纤维素、海藻酸、甲壳质、酪蛋白、明胶、大豆磷脂或卵磷脂；被膜剂是蜂蜡、聚乙烯醇、石蜡油或β-环糊精。所述食品可以是蜂蜜、白糖、红糖、蛋黄粉、蛋白粉、鱼精粉、海藻粉、海带粉、鱼粉或纤维素粉。
具体的实施方案
下列实施例用于进一步说明本发明，但是这些实施例不以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
实施例一.硬脂酸抗坏血酸钙的制备。
在带有加热和磁性搅拌的250ml圆底烧瓶中(下同)，加入水85ml，逐步加入抗坏血酸10g，搅拌下升温至35℃，逐步加入碳酸钙52g，搅拌100min，再加入含硬脂酸14g的乙醚溶液80ml，持续反应90min，除去溶剂和水分，最后获得硬脂酸抗坏血酸钙24.1g，含抗坏血酸33％。
实施例二.硬脂酸抗坏血酸锌的制备。
设备同实施例一。圆底烧瓶中，加入水105ml，逐步加入抗坏血酸15g，搅拌下升温至45℃，加入氧化锌60g，搅拌80min，再加入含硬脂酸21g的氯仿溶液50ml，持续反应75min，除去溶剂和水分，最后获得硬脂酸抗坏血酸锌37.3g，含抗坏血酸31.5％。
实施例三.乳酸抗坏血酸镁的制备。
设备同实施例一。向圆底烧瓶中，加入水155ml，搅拌升温至35℃，加入乳酸9.5g，待溶解完全后，逐步加入氧化镁4.2g，搅拌45min，再加入抗坏血酸19g，继续反应85min。所得产物经化验为乳酸抗坏血酸镁，含镁8.1％，含抗坏血酸58％。
实施例四.硬脂酸蛋氨酸锌的制备。
设备同实施例一。加入水135ml，逐步加入蛋氨酸17g，搅拌下升温至42℃，加入氧化锌8.1g，搅拌70min，再加入含硬脂酸30g的氯仿溶液80ml，持续反应90min，除去溶剂.最后获得硬脂酸蛋氨酸锌47g。经检测含蛋氨酸29％。
实施例五.磷酸抗坏血酸镁的制备。
设备同实施例一。加入水70ml，逐步加入抗坏血酸20g，搅拌下升温至55℃，加入磷酸9.5g，搅拌45min，再逐步加入氢氧化镁6g，持续反应87min，真空干燥。获得磷酸抗坏血酸镁28g。经化验含抗坏血酸57.5％。
实施例六.棕榈酸抗坏血酸锌的制备。
设备同实施例一。加入水125ml，逐步加入抗坏血酸14.5g，搅拌下升温至42℃，加入氧化锌57g，搅拌65min，再加入含棕榈酸20g的乙醇溶液125ml，持续反应105min。获得棕榈酸抗坏血酸锌46g，含抗坏血酸33.4％。
实施例七.水杨酸抗坏血酸钙的制备。
设备同实施例一。向圆底烧瓶中，加入乙醇85ml，搅拌升温至48℃，加入水杨酸15.5g，待溶解完全后，加入磷酸1.0g，搅拌下交替加入抗坏血酸21g，氢氧化钙7.5g，持续125min，冷却，过滤，分离，所得产物经化验，含抗坏血酸48.5％，含水杨酸38.0％。
实施例八.硫胺素抗坏血酸镁的制备。
设备同实施例一。向圆底烧瓶中，加入水135ml，搅拌升温至58℃，加入硫胺素32.0g，待溶解完全后，逐步地交替加入抗坏血酸22g，氢氧化镁59g，搅拌95min，冷却，过滤，分离，得产物45g。经测试，含抗坏血酸34.1％，含硫胺素58.1％。
本发明所述组合物的制备方法，包括将所述有机金属络合物溶于助剂，然后再加入上述其它成分，经混制、复合、精制、均质、造型，随后包装而成。
根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明还涉及所述的有机金属络合物组合物在饲料、食品以及制备防治病害的药物中的应用，这些病害是对虾、鱼类病害、畜禽感染性疾病、艾滋病、口腔炎、肿瘤、肺炎和消化道病。
下面，通过典型的实施例，进一步说明有机碘组合物的制备方法，同样，这些实施例也不以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
实施例九.硬脂酸抗坏血酸钙饲料添加剂配方及其制备方法。
配方：
硬脂酸抗坏血酸钙(含抗坏血酸33％) 227g
大豆磷脂 25g
玉米蛋白粉 248g
制备方法：在1L混合器中，先加入硬脂酸抗坏血酸钙100g，与大豆磷脂混合均匀，然后再加入所余各组分，混合30min，即得。
实施例十.硬脂酸蛋氨酸锌添加剂的制备。
配方：
硬脂酸蛋氨酸锌(蛋氨酸28.0％) 357g
海藻粉 100g
鱼粉 543g
制备方法：按配比，将各组分依序加入到混合容器中，室温下搅拌25min便可得。
实施例十一.棕榈酸4-甲硫基-2-羟基丁酸镁组合物的制备配方：
棕榈酸4-甲硫基-2-羟基丁酸镁
(含4-甲硫基-2-羟基丁酸34％) 100g
甲壳质 34g
磷酸氢钙 246g
米粉 620g
制备方法：按配比，取棕榈酸4-甲硫基-2-羟基丁酸镁，与甲壳质先混合15min，然后将余下成分加入，再混合20min即得。
实施例十二.硫胺素抗坏血酸镁粉的制备。
配方：
硫胺素抗坏血酸镁
(含硫胺素59.1％；抗坏血酸34.5％) 435g
环糊精 55g
纤维素粉 510g
制备方法：先取硫胺素抗坏血酸镁100g与环糊精分别加入到混合容器中，混合10min，再将余下各组分投入，充分搅拌均匀后即得。
实施例十三.磷酸抗坏血酸镁组合物的制备。
配方：
磷酸抗坏血酸镁(含抗坏血酸55.0％) 454g
小麦粉 150g
大米粉 396g
制备方法：按配比将各组分加入到混合器中，室温下搅拌均匀即得。
实施例十四.水杨酸抗坏血酸钙颗粒的制备。
配方：
水杨酸抗坏血酸钙
(含水杨酸9.0％；抗坏血酸48.5％) 5g
卵磷脂 6g
聚乙二醇(400) 5g
乙醇 15g
甲基纤维素 9g
糖粉 60g
制备方法：取水杨酸抗坏血酸钙、卵磷脂与乙醇和聚乙二醇混匀至糊状，再加入到甲基纤维素，糖粉组分之中，充分搅拌均匀后，用1号筛制粒。40～60℃干燥，整粒即得。
实施例十五.硬脂酸蛋氨酸铜粉的制备。
配方：
硬脂酸蛋氨酸铜
(含蛋氨酸28.2％，铜12.3％) 30.0g
鱼精蛋白粉 5.0g
鱼粉 60g
甲壳粉 5.0g
制备方法：依配比，将各组分分别加入到容器中，混合搅拌均匀即得。
上述有机金属络合物，包括抗坏血酸有机酸金属络合物，氨基酸有机酸金属络合物，改善了主体营养素的功能。如抗坏血酸的稳定性显著地提高了，应用于水产养殖，水中不溶失又使耐水性显著提高了，因而营养素的利用价值也显著提高了；基本氨基酸(游离氨基酸)的有机酸金属络合物提高了其利用率。所涉有机金属络合物，在提供诸如抗坏血酸、氨基酸的同时，又提供了矿物质营养素，因而综合营养水平也有了相应的提高。抗坏血酸具有解毒的功效，当其通过金属营养素同抗炎化合物相结合，便有了解毒消炎的综合功能，而增强生命体的抗病效果。有机金属络合物是一类新营养素药物。
尽管已参照具体的实施方案对本发明进行了说明，但是，可以理解，本发明的范围也包括这些具体实施方案的变通方案，只要它们没有偏离本发明的宗旨。
Claims (10)
1.有机金属络合物，其配位中心是金属分子，络合剂是有机酸和含有功能基的有机和/或无机化合物，其化学通式为：
R1·M·R2 (I)
其中M代表金属，R1和R2代表有机酸和/或有机、无机化合物的侧链基团，R1和R2可以相同也可以不同，所述金属M选自钙、镁、铁、锌、锰、铜、钴、镍、铬、锗、钼、锶、铋、汞、铂、镧和银。
2.权利要求1的有机金属络合物，具有通式(II)：
R3COO·M·O-C6H7O5 (II)
其中R3为有机羧酸的侧链基团，O-C6H7O5为抗坏血酸脱氢后的化学基团，M为金属分子。
3.权利要求1的有机金属络合物，具有通式(III)：
P2POO·M·O-C6H7O5 (III)
其中P2POO为多聚磷酸脱氢后的化学基团，O-C6H7O5为抗坏血酸脱氢后的化学基团，M为金属分子。
4.权利要求1的有机金属络合物，具有通式(V)：
R5·M·O-C6H7O5 (V)
其中R5为功能有机物脱氢后的化学基团，O-C6H7O5为抗坏血酸脱氢后的化学基团，M为金属分子。
5.权利要求1的有机金属络合物，具有通式(IV)：
R3COO·M·OOC(H)C(NH2)R4 (IV)
其中，R3为有机羧酸的侧链基团，R4为α氨基酸的侧链基团，M为金属分子。
6.权利要求5的有机金属络合物，其中有机物和功能化合物与金属的克分子比为20-1。
7.制备权利要求1的有机金属络合物的方法，该方法包括在盛有溶剂的容器中，在搅拌下、于20℃-85℃，逐步加入反应物。
8.组合物，其特征在于该组合物包括权利要求1-6中任何一项的有机金属络合物。
9.权利要求1-6中任一项的有机金属络合物在制备药物中的用途。
10.权利要求1-6中任一项的有机金属络合物在制备食品中的用途。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104622799A (zh) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-20 | 天津市中升挑战生物科技有限公司 | 一种多西环素注射液及其制备方法 |
| WO2019080155A1 (zh) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-05-02 | 广州英赛特生物技术有限公司 | N,n-二甲基甘氨酸有机酸共轭酸盐及其组合物和应用 |
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2005
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104622799A (zh) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-20 | 天津市中升挑战生物科技有限公司 | 一种多西环素注射液及其制备方法 |
| CN104622799B (zh) * | 2015-01-21 | 2018-01-02 | 天津市中升挑战生物科技有限公司 | 一种多西环素注射液及其制备方法 |
| WO2019080155A1 (zh) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-05-02 | 广州英赛特生物技术有限公司 | N,n-二甲基甘氨酸有机酸共轭酸盐及其组合物和应用 |
| US10912749B2 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2021-02-09 | Guangzhou Insighter Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | Conjugate acid salt of N,N-dimethylglycine with organic acid, and composition and use thereof |
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