Background technology
Electric vibration testing bench (hereinafter to be referred as electric vibration table) is a kind of equipment that product or parts is carried out the vibration simulation test.It utilizes the electric and magnetic oscillation principle design to form, and its structure mainly is made up of stage body, magnetic cylinder, field coil, moving-coil, Guiding wheel structure and air spring etc.Wherein, field coil is fixedly mounted in the stage body, and the energising back produces an enough strong stationary magnetic field in working gas gap, with the drive current interaction generation exciting force in the moving-coil, to promote the test specimen vibration.Electric vibration table at work because the energy of total consumption is quite big, the electric current that feeds in field coil and the moving-coil is very big, therefore corresponding thermal value is also very big.System normally moves for assurance, need force cooling to the big parts of these thermal values.
The type of cooling of existing electric vibration table has air-cooled and two kinds of liquid cooling (wherein general with water-cooled).Air-cooled is with forced draft heat generating components such as field coil and moving-coil to be cooled off, and this type of cooling generally only is suitable for the electric vibration table of thrust less than 50kN.Along with the power increase of electric vibration table, this type of cooling exposes the drawback that can't overcome.Such as, in the ambient vibration test, in order to improve the thrust of electric vibration table, must increase the electric current of exciting current and moving-coil, thereby cause the increase of field coil and moving-coil thermal value, need to strengthen cooling and just must strengthen ventilation, this must cause the increase of draft loss.When draft loss (containing the wind abrasion) account for total losses 40% the time, just mean that the efficient of electric vibration table is very low.In addition, air-cooled field coil and moving-coil often are higher than room temperature in the work owing to be subjected to the restriction of cooling effect, and long-term work under this temperature environment can reduce the insulativity of field coil winding and moving coil winding.Water-cooled be with water as heat eliminating medium, field coil and moving-coil are cooled off, promptly adopt hollow field coil and moving-coil, and in the cavity of coil, feed chilled water and force cooling.Because water is good heat eliminating medium, and good specific heat capacity and coefficient of heat conductivity are arranged, therefore this type of cooling effect is better than air-cooledly, is generally suitable for the electric vibration table of thrust greater than 50kN.But the shortcoming that this type of cooling exists is: 1, because sediments such as cupric oxide that the generation of incrustation scale and the oxonium ion oxidation in hollow core conductor and the water generate and cuprous oxide cause the water route obstruction, produce the winding local overheating then and burn.2, seepy question takes place owing to bear hydraulic pressure in recirculated water joint and each seal point place easily, thereby causes the danger of short circuit and electric leakage.3, because water boring phenomenon, injury field coil and moving-coil inside pipe wall take place in current easily in the flow at high speed in pipe.This shows that the stifled and leakage of field coil and moving-coil inside pipe wall is the deadly defect of water-cooling electric shaking table development always.For this reason, how designing a kind of efficient, safe and reliable cooling system that is suitable for the high thrust electric vibration table is the problem that those skilled in the art very pay close attention to for many years.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of evaporative cooling system of electric vibration testing bench, its objective is and to design a kind of efficient, safe and reliable cooling system that the high thrust electric vibration table uses that is suitable for, to solve a difficult problem that perplexs those skilled in the art for a long time.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of evaporating and cooling system of electric vibration testing bench, to form by heat eliminating medium and circulation cooling circuit two parts, and heat eliminating medium employing boiling point is 50~60 ℃ a fluorocarbons; Circulation cooling circuit is made of through the pipeline series connection successively cooling duct, heat exchanger, liquid reserve tank, retaining valve, wherein, the cooling duct is made of field coil cooling duct and the parallel connection of drive coil cooling duct at least, the drive coil cooling duct is the interior pipe of hollow drive coil, and the field coil cooling duct is the interior pipe of hollow field coil or the cavity that soaks field coil; Heat exchanger is made of chilled water heat dissipation channel and coolant guiding channel; Liquid reserve tank be one with the container of air communication, container is provided with cooling medium inlet and outlet; The media outlet of liquid reserve tank connects the cooling duct import through retaining valve, and the cooling duct outlet connects the coolant guiding channel import of heat exchanger, and the coolant guiding channel outlet of heat exchanger connects the medium import of liquid reserve tank, constitutes self-loopa evaporative cooling loop with this.
Related content in the technique scheme is explained as follows:
1, in the such scheme, the cooling duct also comprises short-circuited conducting sleeve cooling duct in parallel, and the short-circuited conducting sleeve cooling duct is for being located at the locational pipeline of short-circuited conducting sleeve.The short-circuited conducting sleeve cooling duct can be one road internal short-circuit ring cooling duct, also can be one road external short circuit ring cooling duct, can also be one road internal short-circuit ring cooling duct and one road external short circuit ring cooling duct.
2, in the such scheme, the design of hollow drive coil cooling duct has following two kinds of situations:
(1), can be with whole hollow drive coil body as coil winding, interior pipe is as a cooling duct.
(2), whole hollow drive coil can be divided at least two sections, each section body series connection constitutes coil winding, pipe formation in parallel cooling duct in each section.
3, in the such scheme, the design of hollow field coil cooling duct has following two kinds of situations:
(1), whole hollow field coil can be divided at least two sections, each section body series connection constitutes coil winding, pipe formation in parallel cooling duct in each section.
(2), field coil integral body can be immersed in the airtight cavity, cavity is as the cooling duct.In order further to improve cooling effect, can be connected with chilled water in the interlayer at the external interlayer that is arranged with of closed chamber.
4, in the such scheme, described fluorocarbons is selected from one of R-113, FLA, FF31-Ah, FF31L.
Design of the present invention and principle of work are as follows:
It is that 50~60 ℃ fluorocarbons place of water is as heat eliminating medium that the present invention adopts good insulation preformance, boiling point, charge into the field coil and the drive coil of electric vibration table by field coil and drive coil (moving-coil) cooling duct, utilize the medium boiling to absorb latent heat and cool off electric vibration table.Heat eliminating medium needn't compress and can through secondary cooling water heat be shed under normal temperature condition by heat exchanger (condenser) condensation after field coil and drive coil position are subjected to thermal evaporation.Medium after the heat absorption boiling has changed density, utilizes the variation of caloric receptivity and Media density, produces pressure reduction, forms self-circulation power.Therefore do not need additionaling power, just can make medium periodic duty in the loop of cooling system, realize the self-loopa evaporative cooling of electric vibration table.
Medium evaporation heat absorption principle analysis is as follows:
Phase one: specific heat endothermic process
Formula (1)
In the formula: the temperature rise of Δ T--media fluid;
The heat that Q--equipment produces;
The specific heat capacity of C--media fluid;
The quality of m--media fluid;
The voltage of U--equipment;
The electric current of I--equipment;
The T--time;
Subordinate phase: evaporation process
Q=mL
yFormula (2)
In the formula: q--media fluid explosive evaporatoin institute heat requirement;
The quality of m--media fluid;
L
y--heat of vaporization;
By as can be known, because L with following formula (1) and formula (2)
y>>C is so under identical mass of medium condition, the needed heat of vaporescence is much larger than the heat of specific heat heat absorption.
As equipment turn-on current I, the phase one of system is the specific heat endothermic process, and along with the increase of time t, coolant temperature raises; Because the boiling temperature of heat eliminating medium is 50 ℃~60 ℃, subordinate phase is an evaporation process, and this moment, heat eliminating medium was for becoming gas, the evaporation heat absorption; Gas flow through over-heat-exchanger, is taken heat out of by outer circulation water, and condensation of gas becomes liquid volume and reduces, and pressure reduces, self-priming liquid cooling medium, repetitive cycling.Circulate under the situation of equipment power outside need not, take away the heat of equipment, play the effect of heat radiation.
Because the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and effect:
1, the present invention adopts evaporation cooling technique, compares the drive coil that solved the high thrust electric vibration table and the problem of short-circuited conducting sleeve thermal deformation with water-cooled in the past.
2, evaporative cooling of the present invention utilizes the latent heat of liquid medium vaporization, because the vaporization heat absorption is strong more than the specific heat heat absorption, it can have littler heat exchange area than water-cooled under same give-and-take conditions.
3, the present invention utilizes the difference in specific gravity of liquid phase and gas-liquid two-phase to realize no pump self-loopa.Transpiration-cooled gas wall pressure can be designed as when operation near the 0.1Mpa malleation, becomes negative pressure during shutdown, has reduced the possibility of leaking, and pressure is higher during water-cooled, and the possibility of leakage is bigger.Do not have the pump self-loopa simultaneously and saved electric energy, improved economic benefit.
4, the medium evaporation capacity in the cooling duct of the present invention can and strengthen along with the heat increase, capacity of self-regulation is arranged, the temperature difference between each coil of electric vibration table is less, does not burn the fault of coil so water cooled coil hollow core conductor localized hyperthermia stifled the cutting off the water supply of formation gas can not occur.
5, to adopt boiling point be 50~60 ℃ fluorocarbons for evaporative cooling medium of the present invention, and this medium is nontoxic, pollution-free, corroding metal not, and has the good insulation performance performance, accidents caused even there is leakage also can not cause the damage of insulation slightly.
6, the present invention adopts vapor cooling system, because good cooling results, not needing to resemble provides great deal running water the water-cooled, so avoided the boring phenomenon of water-cooled, the serviceable life of having improved electric vibration table.
7, evaporative cooling of the present invention is in when work, and heat eliminating medium is the gas-liquid two-phase, has improved self resonant frequency of drive coil, has reduced the degree of distortion of electric vibration table.
8, the present invention has been owing to used the type of cooling of high-level efficiency, high reliability, overcome air-cooled and shortcoming separately water-cooled, can in electric vibration table, realize high-power, the cooling of high reliability.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: referring to shown in Figure 2, a kind of evaporative cooling system of high thrust electric vibration testing bench is made up of heat eliminating medium 8 and circulation cooling circuit two parts.It is 50~60 ℃ fluorocarbons that heat eliminating medium adopts boiling point, specifically selects a kind of among R-113, FLA, FF31-Ah, the FF31L.Circulation cooling circuit is made of through the pipeline series connection successively cooling duct, heat exchanger 1, liquid reserve tank 2, retaining valve 3, and wherein, the cooling duct is made of field coil cooling duct 7, drive coil cooling duct 6 and 5 parallel connections of short-circuited conducting sleeve cooling duct.Drive coil cooling duct 6 is the interior pipe of hollow drive coil, adopts the design of singly advancing singly to go out, and as shown in Figure 4, whole hollow drive coil body is as coil winding, and interior pipe is as a cooling duct.Field coil cooling duct 7 is the interior pipe of hollow field coil, adopt segmentation design in parallel, because excitation pitch of the laps very long (the long L ≈ of the winding of 20T thrust 500m), so excitation must adopt the cooling line parallel connection, the structure of circuit series connection strengthens cooling effect, as shown in Figure 3, whole hollow field coil is divided into five sections, each section body series connection formation coil winding, and pipe is by cooling tube 15 formation in parallel cooling ducts in each section.The short-circuited conducting sleeve position among Fig. 1 is seen for being located at the pipeline on the internal short-circuit ring position in short-circuited conducting sleeve cooling duct 5.Heat exchanger 1 is made of chilled water heat dissipation channel and coolant guiding channel, and the chilled water heat dissipation channel is seen outer cooling water inlet 13 and the outer cooling water out 14 of Fig. 2.Liquid reserve tank 2 be one with the container of air communication, container is provided with cooling medium inlet and outlet.The media outlet of liquid reserve tank 2 connects three cooling duct imports of field coil 11, drive coil 10 and short-circuited conducting sleeve 12 respectively through retaining valve 3, three cooling duct outlets connect the coolant guiding channel import of heat exchanger 1, the coolant guiding channel outlet of heat exchanger 1 connects the medium import of liquid reserve tank 2, constitutes self-loopa evaporative cooling loop with this.
During work, heat eliminating medium 8 injects drive coil cooling duct 6, field coil cooling duct 7 and short-circuited conducting sleeve cooling duct 5.At normal temperatures, heat eliminating medium 8 is in a liquid state, when feed current work along with electric vibration table, short-circuited conducting sleeve 12, drive coil 10 and field coil 11 heatings produce heat, because than heat interchange, heat eliminating medium 8 temperature rise thereupon, when the temperature of heat eliminating medium 8 surpasses 50 ℃ of boiling points, heat eliminating medium 8 explosive evaporatoins become gas, and density reduces, and pressure rises.Under differential pressure action, gas flow heat exchanger 1, with outer chilled water generation heat interchange, temperature drops to and is condensed into liquid condition below the boiling point, the electric vibration table 4 inner heats that produce are taken heat out of along with vaporized gas is condensed into liquid, and the heat eliminating medium 8 of liquid condition is back in the liquid reserve tank 2.Heat eliminating medium 8 in electric vibration table is along with condensation process, and inner pressure reduces, and by the liquid cooling medium in the retaining valve self-priming liquid reserve tank 2, repeats said process, so transpiration-cooled system need not additionaling power, and just can self-loopa.
Embodiment two: referring to shown in Figure 5, a kind of evaporative cooling system of high thrust electric vibration testing bench is made up of heat eliminating medium 8 and circulation cooling circuit two parts.Be with the difference of embodiment one: the design of field coil cooling duct employing immersion type (be applicable to extra heavy motorized stage, F>30T).Immersion type design is that the field coil 11 with motorized stage adopts common coil form to be sealed in the cavity that heat eliminating medium 8 is housed, and as shown in Figure 6, promptly field coil 11 integral body are immersed in the airtight cavity 16, and airtight cavity 16 is as the cooling duct.Be provided with interlayer in airtight cavity 16 peripheries in addition, be connected with chilled water in the interlayer, to improve cooling effect.This kind structure can apply to super-huge electric vibration table, and (for example thrust F>40T), key is that the working pressure of heat eliminating medium 8 in the holding chamber is about 0.1MP.The material of seal chamber should adopt corrosion resistant paramagnet or engineering plastics etc., in order to avoid change the direction and the magnetic field intensity in magnetic field.
Other structure is identical with embodiment one, no longer is repeated in this description here.
The foregoing description only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to allow the personage who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.