CN1884944A - Heat pump and hot blast combined drying apparatus - Google Patents
Heat pump and hot blast combined drying apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1884944A CN1884944A CN 200610019533 CN200610019533A CN1884944A CN 1884944 A CN1884944 A CN 1884944A CN 200610019533 CN200610019533 CN 200610019533 CN 200610019533 A CN200610019533 A CN 200610019533A CN 1884944 A CN1884944 A CN 1884944A
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Abstract
The invention relates to dewater vegetable heat pump-hot wind coupled drier, wherein the invention is formed by drying room, expanding valve, inlet air door, vaporizer, condenser, condenser fan, compressor and cycle fan; the condenser and the drying room are connected via tube and cycle fan; the drying room via tube and air door is connected to the vaporizer; the vaporizer and the condenser have control expanding valve between them; the condenser is arranged with condenser fan; the entrance of compressor is connected to the vaporizer and the condenser; the auxiliary heating device is arranged between the drying room and the cycle fan; and the invention has branch tube and bypass tube. The invention has high drying speed, non-microbe pollution, low cost and high quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying device, relate in particular to a kind of heat pump, hot air combined dryer.
Background technology
Dehydrated Vegetable Processing method commonly used has two kinds: the one, and heated-air drying, the 2nd, vacuum freeze drying.Most of at present heated-air drying that adopts, though heated-air drying is simple to operate, cost is low, its operating temperature height, color, smell and taste of vegetables and nutritional labeling are destroyed serious, and product specification is low, and product quality is difficult to satisfy market demands.Though the dehydrated vegetables good product quality is produced in freeze drying, equipment investment is big, production run cost height, and the profit margin of manufacturer is little, and product price height also is difficult to exploit market.So be not suitable for general vegetables processing.
At present domestic only have single formula heat pump or heated-air drying, or drying time is long or dried product quality weak effect.Also unformed dehydrated vegetables low temperature drying equipment and ripe technology, have only some laboratories or small-sized heat pump drying device, major part belongs to case structure, and heat transfer and mass transfer rate in the hothouse are low, inhomogeneous, lack control measures, make to reach 12-16 hour drying time.Because generally about 40 ℃, microbial reproduction is fast under this environment, often causes the microbial contamination product, influences product quality for baking temperature, so these devices are difficult to industrialization promotion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: overcome the above-mentioned defective of prior art, provide that a kind of rate of drying is fast, uniform drying, treating capacity are big, no microbial contamination, dry good product quality afterwards, production cost is low, energy consumption is little heat pump, hot air combined dryer.
The present invention is made of hothouse, expansion valve, inlet air door, evaporimeter, condenser, condensation fan, compressor, circulating fan.Link to each other by pipeline through a circulating fan between condenser and hothouse, hothouse links to each other with evaporimeter through air door by pipeline, control is set between evaporimeter and condenser uses expansion valve, dispose condensation fan on the condenser, the compressor import and export communicate with condenser with evaporimeter.
Set up auxiliary heater between hothouse of the present invention and circulating fan.
The present invention also is provided with bypass line, and bypass line one end is connected between hothouse and the inlet air door, and the other end is connected between circulating fan and the condenser air outlet, to realize switching and the combined drying operation between the operation of operation of heat pump and hot blast.
The present invention also is provided with bypass duct, bypass duct one end advances before the evaporator pipeline after being connected in air door, the other end is arranged at before the condenser, after the evaporimeter, in order to realizing the ratio of evaporimeter, condenser air circulation, thereby reach the purpose of opening air themperature and humidity of regulation and control hothouse.Simultaneous adaptation Various Seasonal, different dry run are to the requirement of temperature and humidity.
The present invention compares with domestic existing single formula box-type drying heat pump or heated-air drying, it has, and rate of drying is fast, uniform drying, treating capacity are big, no microbial contamination, dry after good product quality, production cost low, characteristics such as energy consumption is little.And do not produce " three wastes " in the production process, be highly suitable for various pollution-free food deep processings, also be applicable to some difficult dry agricultural byproducts and food are carried out drying, be specially adapted to the drying of the higher material of drying vegetables, some sugar contents or protein content (as longan, soft sweets, fish, meat etc.).Utilize this drying device product processed quality to approach lyophilisation product, and drying device is invested and running cost has only cryodesiccated 1/2 and 1/3, drying time and heated-air drying are approaching.The present invention is low owing to baking temperature, and desiccated surface the phenomenon that crusts can not occur in dry run, and the moisture of material inside can successfully be delivered to surface evaporation, the quality better of dry products, and moisture is low.The present invention also can be widely used in industries such as biology, pharmacy, chemical industry can be extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 is a material moisture decline curve in the heated-air drying of green pepper and the heat pump drying process;
Fig. 3 is heated-air drying and heat pump drying and combined drying effect comparison diagram of the present invention;
Carotene carotene content comparison diagram in Fig. 4 carrot raw material and the product;
Vit C contents comparison diagram in Fig. 5 green pepper raw material and the product;
Fig. 6 heated-air drying and heat pump drying product rehydration figure;
Fig. 7 hot blast, heat pump and combined drying product rehydration figure.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
The present invention is made of hothouse 1, expansion valve 2, air door 3, evaporimeter 4, condenser 5, condensation fan 6, compressor 7, auxiliary heater 8, circulating fan 9, bypass line 10 and bypass duct 11.1 of condenser 5 and hothouse link to each other by pipeline through a circulating fan 9, hothouse 1 links to each other with evaporimeter 4 through air door 3 by pipeline, 5 of evaporimeter 4 and condensers are provided with control expansion valve 2, configuration condensation fan 6 on the condenser 5, compressor 7 is imported and exported and is communicated with condenser 5 with evaporimeter 4,9 of hothouse 1 and circulating fans are provided with auxiliary heater 8, bypass line 10 1 ends are connected between hothouse 1 and the inlet air door 3, the other end is connected between circulating fan 9 and condenser 5 air outlet slits, bypass duct 11 1 ends advance before evaporimeter 4 pipelines after being connected in air door 3, and the other end is arranged at before the condenser 5, after the evaporimeter 4.
The present invention and heated-air drying, heat pump drying experiment are compared:
Fig. 2 provides material moisture decline curve in the heated-air drying of green pepper and the heat pump drying process.The heated-air drying condition is: 65 ℃ of temperature, hothouse air velocity 2.2m/s.The heat pump drying condition is: 35 ℃ of temperature, hothouse inlet air relative humidity 41.0%, air velocity 2.2m/s.Rate of drying is apparently higher than heat pump drying in the hot-air drying process, during heat pump drying, after material moisture is reduced to 20%, doing wet interface shrinks back to the material center, the thermal conductivity factor in outside dried district is little, heat is difficult to be delivered to dried wet interface water supply and divides vaporization, whole dry run is subjected to the heat conducting control in Gan Qu position, so rate of drying is slow, material moisture is reduced to 12% from 20% needs 1 hour, moisture continues to descend needs the longer time (see figure 3), and this promptly is that heat pump drying characteristics-later stage rate of drying is slow.
Though heated-air drying speed is fast, its poor product quality, all relatively poor as the preservation of nutritional labeling in color and luster, rehydration and the product etc.If adopt pure heat pump drying, in order to reach the moisture (being generally less than 10%) of product regulation, then will reach 10-15 hour drying time, this causes the processing power consumption too high, and output descends, and processing cost raises, more seriously, under the heat pump drying temperature, long-time drying causes chemical constituent generation oxidation reaction such as nutritional labeling and pigment in a large amount of breedings of microorganism and the product, and product quality descends equally.
In order to overcome the shortcoming of heated-air drying and heat pump drying, this device adopts the combined drying mode.Fig. 3 provides the rate of water loss of material in hot blast, heat pump and the combined drying process.Hot blast is identical with the test described in heat pump drying condition and Fig. 2, the combined drying mode be: begin to adopt heat pump drying in 2 hours, adopt heated-air drying later on.Compare with heat pump drying, shorten drying time significantly, heat pump drying 8 hours, and moisture just reaches 10.5%, combined drying 4.5 hours, moisture has reached 6.5%; The quality color and luster of product, the air-dry dry lifting significantly of nutritional labeling specific heat, because the later stage adopts heated-air drying both to shorten process time, high temperature can also reach bactericidal effect.Therefore, there is not microbiological pollution in the combined drying product.With the heated-air drying comparison, although combined drying time ratio heated-air drying is grown about 1 hour, product quality is obviously improved.
The reason of the shortening of combined drying time, good product quality is: adopt low temperature drying in the dry incipient stage, the surface crust phenomenon that often occurs when material can be avoided high temperature drying, make the surface form loose structure with good permeability, this for the later stage when dry overflowing of steam kept passage, porous surface has reduced the resistance when moisture outwards transmits on the one hand, has improved the rehydration of product on the other hand.
The main quality index of dehydrated vegetables has: color and luster, nutritional labeling retention rate and rehydration.
1, various dry products nutritional labelings relatively
Some nutrition, pigment composition because chemical change takes place the facilitation of temperature easily, especially are in the aqueous environment at these compositions of the incipient stage of drying in dry run in the vegetables.During heated-air drying, in the environment that these nutrition in the cell tissue of material surface and pigment composition are in high-moisture, chemical change takes place easily, this is the main cause of high temperature drying product difference.For the quality of product is described, we have optionally detected some compositions in raw material and the product, as carrotene, vitamin C and chlorophyll content, shown in Fig. 4,5.
The result shows that the combined drying product quality is best, and heat pump drying takes second place, and the heated-air drying product quality is the poorest.
In the combined drying process, initial stage of drying adopts the hot pump in low temp drying, the material surface is in low-temperature condition, so it is dry little to these components influence, the later stage of drying adopts heated-air drying, although surface temperature is higher, the surface was in and did the district this moment, moisture is low, and temperature reduces the influence of nutritional labeling and pigment.In material inside, most heats were absorbed by the moisture vaporization after heat was delivered to dried wet interface from the outside, so it is not high to do wet interface internal temperature, this zone component is subjected to externally temperature influence relatively little.Combined drying product quality that Here it is is reason preferably.
The storage rate (%) of different dry products nutritional labelings of table 1 and pigment
| Carrotene | Vitamin C | Chlorophyll | |
| Heated-air drying | 59 | 52 | 61 |
| | 80 | 68 | 71 |
| Combined drying | 92 | 86 | 81 |
| Freeze drying * | 95 | 91 | 92 |
Table 1 is listed the storage rate of four kinds of drying means converted products nutritional labelings, pigment.Adopt the first hot pump in low temp drying combined drying method of heated-air drying again, the various component storage rates of product are apparently higher than heated-air drying, and are also good than pure heat pump drying, approach lyophilisation product.
2, various dry products rehydrations relatively
Fig. 6 represents the rehydration of carrot slice heated-air drying and heat pump drying product.Fig. 7 represents carrot slice hot blast, heat pump and the rehydration of combined drying product.The air-dry dry product of the rehydration specific heat of heat pump drying product is good, shows that rehydration speed is fast, the rehydration ratio is high.
During heated-air drying, because the temperature height, protein denaturation, a sugar part fusing cause the material table face easily to crust, and product interior tissue glass transition is so rehydration is poor.
The rehydration of heated-air drying, heat pump drying and combined drying carrot product is compared.The rehydration of combined drying product is than the dry high 12-16% of heat pump, the air-dry dry high 18-20% of specific heat.The rehydration ratio of 30 minutes dry products of three kinds of drying modes is respectively: combined drying 5.6, heat pump drying 5.0, heated-air drying 4.5.According to literature value, 30 minutes rehydration of lyophilisation product ratio is 7.0.As seen adopt the rehydration of combined drying processed dehydrated victual more to approach lyophilisation product.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of heat pump, hot air combined dryer, it is characterized in that: by hothouse (1), expansion valve (2), inlet air door (3), evaporimeter (4), condenser (5), condensation fan (6), compressor (7), circulating fan (9) constitutes, link to each other by pipeline through a circulating fan (9) between condenser (5) and hothouse (1), hothouse (1) links to each other with evaporimeter (4) through air door (3) by pipeline, control expansion valve (2) is set between evaporimeter (4) and condenser (5), condenser (5) is gone up configuration condensation fan (6), compressor (7) is imported and exported and is communicated with condenser (5) with evaporimeter (4).
2, heat pump according to claim 1, hot air combined dryer is characterized in that: between hothouse (1) and circulating fan (9) auxiliary heater (8) is set.
3, heat pump according to claim 1 and 2, hot air combined dryer, it is characterized in that: bypass line (10) is set, bypass line (10) one ends are connected between hothouse (1) and the inlet air door (3), the other end is connected between circulating fan (9) and condenser (5) air outlet slit, to realize switching and the combined drying operation between the operation of operation of heat pump and hot blast.
4, heat pump according to claim 1 and 2, hot air combined dryer, it is characterized in that: bypass duct (11) is set, bypass duct (11) one ends are connected in air door (3) and advance afterwards before evaporimeter (4) pipeline, the other end be arranged at condenser (5) before, evaporimeter (4) afterwards.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200610019533XA CN100424452C (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Heat pump and hot blast combined drying apparatus |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200610019533XA CN100424452C (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Heat pump and hot blast combined drying apparatus |
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| CN1884944A true CN1884944A (en) | 2006-12-27 |
| CN100424452C CN100424452C (en) | 2008-10-08 |
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| CNB200610019533XA Expired - Fee Related CN100424452C (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Heat pump and hot blast combined drying apparatus |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102072615A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-25 | 宋帆 | Dual-cycle freezing internally heated liquid collecting drying device |
| CN101584441B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-09-14 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Method for processing dried fruit products of tropical/subtropical fruit |
| CN102338557A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-02-01 | 天津商业大学 | Tape casting machine drying oven with heat recovery function and drying method |
| CN102681575A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-09-19 | 东莞市永淦节能科技有限公司 | Heat pump drying temperature and humidity controller |
| CN103202520A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-07-17 | 南京师范大学 | Edible fungus dried air circulation treatment device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102735041A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-17 | 青岛大学 | Energy-saving method for sizing and drying soft capsules |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4304226C5 (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 2004-03-04 | Miele & Cie. Kg | Condensation clothes dryer with a heat pump |
| NO177405C (en) * | 1993-03-04 | 1995-09-06 | Sinvent As | Process and apparatus for drying materials containing volatile constituents |
| CN2386403Y (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2000-07-05 | 华南农业大学 | Hot-blast and cold-blast drying test device |
| CN2418444Y (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2001-02-07 | 浙江大学 | Heat-pump drying device with auxiliary cooling device |
| CN2681063Y (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-02-23 | 于金镒 | Heat pump type drying cabinet |
| CN200965390Y (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2007-10-24 | 江西省科学院食品工程创新中心 | Dryer integrated with the heat pump and hot air |
-
2006
- 2006-06-30 CN CNB200610019533XA patent/CN100424452C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101584441B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-09-14 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Method for processing dried fruit products of tropical/subtropical fruit |
| CN102072615A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-25 | 宋帆 | Dual-cycle freezing internally heated liquid collecting drying device |
| CN102072615B (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-08-22 | 宋帆 | Dual-cycle freezing internally heated liquid collecting drying device |
| CN102338557A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-02-01 | 天津商业大学 | Tape casting machine drying oven with heat recovery function and drying method |
| CN102338557B (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-09-25 | 天津商业大学 | Tape casting machine drying oven with heat recovery function and drying method |
| CN102681575A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-09-19 | 东莞市永淦节能科技有限公司 | Heat pump drying temperature and humidity controller |
| CN103202520A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-07-17 | 南京师范大学 | Edible fungus dried air circulation treatment device |
| CN103202520B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-04-08 | 南京师范大学 | Edible fungus dried air circulation treatment device |
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| CN100424452C (en) | 2008-10-08 |
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Assignee: Jiangxi Bobang Comprehensive Agriculture Industrialization Co., Ltd. Assignor: Foodstuff Engineering Innovation Center, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences Contract record no.: 2010360000045 Denomination of invention: Heat pump and hot blast combined drying apparatus Granted publication date: 20081008 License type: Common License Open date: 20061227 Record date: 20100913 |
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Granted publication date: 20081008 Termination date: 20120630 |