CN1884934B - Air conditioner control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air-conditioning control device that realizes a comfortable air-conditioning state by predicting the amount of sunlight taking into consideration the weather without inputting daily weather information and without installing a sunshine meter. Unit (11); According to the standard temperature change information determined by each cloud amount corresponding to various weathers, the standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit (12) of the standard outdoor air temperature change value of a day is predicted; The standard outdoor air temperature change value determined by the amount and the outdoor air temperature change value, estimate the cloud cover forecasting operation unit (14) of the cloud amount corresponding to the outdoor air temperature change value; adopt the cloud cover estimated value and depend on The amount of sunlight at the position of the sun, calculating the amount of sunlight forecast calculation unit (3) of the predicted value of the amount of sunlight; ), using the specified input variables including the average radiant temperature, according to the vanger comfort equation, the comfort index PMV value is obtained.

Description

Air Conditioning Control

technical field

The present invention relates to an air-conditioning control device that realizes energy saving and ensures a comfortable indoor air-conditioning environment.

Background technique

The energy consumed by the building's air-conditioning equipment accounts for a considerable proportion of the energy consumed by the entire building. Therefore, as air-conditioning control, if the unnecessary energy consumption caused by indoor overcooling or overheating is reduced, a significant energy-saving effect can be expected.

Originally, since the sensation of heat and cold is different for each occupant, it is important to consider the sensations of most people in order to ensure an appropriate indoor thermal environment. As variables that affect this feeling of heat and cold, there are air temperature, relative humidity, average radiant temperature, airflow speed, amount of clothing, and activity level (internal heat generation of the human body).

The calorific value of a person is the sum of the radiation generated by convection, the heat released by radiation, the heat of evaporation from people, and the heat released by respiration and the heat stored. When these heat balance formulas are established, the human body is in the middle of the heat balance, in a comfortable state of neither cold nor hot. Conversely, when the heat balance formula is not established, the human body feels cold or hot.

Therefore, Professor Fanger of the Technical University of Denmark published a comfort equation in order to quantitatively grasp human's thermal sensation based on this thermal balance equation. Professor Fan Ge started from the comfort equation, and based on the questionnaire surveys of many subjects, statistically analyzed the heat load of the human body and people's sense of cold and heat, and combined them, he proposed the comfort index PMV (Predicted Mean Vote: Predicted Mean Vote ). The comfort index PMV is also adopted by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standard and specified in ISO 7730.

The above-mentioned comfort equation is to add various heat dissipation calculation formulas to the heat balance formula between the human body and the surrounding environment when the internal temperature of the human body is maintained at a certain constant state, and then give the skin temperature and sweat evaporation heat as physiological quantities. Conditions, derived equations. This comfort equation can be used to determine the indoor temperature required for thermal comfort if the aforementioned six variables are considered.

The comfort index PMV uses the above-mentioned comfort equation to obtain the thermal imbalance between the actual metabolic rate and the wearing conditions and the environment, as the thermal load on the human body, and combines the thermal load with the human's sense of cold and heat. index of. Here, the comfort index PMV, which becomes the thermal sensation index, is represented by the value of a 7-level evaluation scale. The 7-level evaluation scale is +3: hot, +2: warm, +1: slightly warm, 0: neither cold nor not. Hot, Cozy, -1: Cool, -2: Cool, -3: Cold.

Conventionally, some air-conditioning control devices employing such a comfort index PMV have been proposed.

One of the air-conditioning control devices is constructed in such a way that it has a neuron PMV operation unit and a fuzzy operation unit. The neuron PMV operation unit uses a neural network to learn according to six input variables that affect people's hot and cold sensations. The comfort index is PMV. The fuzzy operation unit inputs the learned neuron PMV to perform fuzzy reasoning, so that the comfort index converges within the comfortable range, and calculates the indoor temperature setting value of the air conditioner (Patent Document 1).

In addition, as another conventional technique, a comfort index PMV learning device used in an air-conditioning control device has been proposed. This comfort index PMV learning device is constituted in such a way that it predetermines the amount of clothing and the amount of activity among the six input variables that have an impact on people's hot and cold sensations, and extracts other variables, namely air temperature, relative Humidity, the three variables of the average radiant temperature and a total of six variables of the three variables obtained by multiplying two of these three variables with each other, and using a neural network to learn the comfort index PMV (Patent Document 2 ).

Therefore, the aforementioned air-conditioning control device or the comfort index PMV learning device both use the average radiant temperature among the six variables. That is to say, in the air-conditioning control device using the comfort index PMV, although the average radiation temperature, which is one of the important variables, is indispensable, there are cases where there is no average radiation thermometer, and it is also tried not to use the average radiation thermometer. Utilize alternative technologies to do so. The radiant temperature may be the heat exchange temperature transferred by radiation from the inner wall of the building toward the human body. The radiant temperature can be obtained from building information such as the amount of sunlight incident on the outer surface of the building, the outdoor air temperature, the indoor temperature, and the wall area, wall material, and window area. Then, the average radiation temperature is obtained from the area average of all six directions in the room.

However, in many cases, no sunshine meters are installed in existing buildings. In addition, even if the insolation meter is reset, or the insolation meter is already installed, depending on the place where it is installed, it is often in the shadow of an antenna or a water tank and many other buildings, etc., or is blocked by an adjacent building etc., instead of measuring the amount of sunlight correctly.

Therefore, in recent years, an air-conditioning control device shown in FIG. 10 using alternative techniques instead of the mean radiation thermometer and the insolation meter has been developed. This air-conditioning control device converts the weather forecast (such as sunny/cloudy/rainy, etc.) Unit 2 inputs, where the apparent scale of the entire sky covered by clouds according to the weather forecast is converted into cloud amount cc represented by a numerical value from 0 to 10, and then sent to the sunshine amount forecast calculation unit 3 .

In addition, the sun incidence angle obtained by the calendar information, that is, the month, day, hour, and minute, and the building position information (latitude, longitude, etc. representing the position of the building) and building information (wall Area, outer wall direction, etc.) are input to the solar radiation calculation unit 5 to calculate the solar radiation Io depending on the sun position, and send it to the solar radiation prediction calculation unit 3 in the same way.

The sunshine amount forecast calculation unit 3 calculates the sunshine quantity forecast value I by using the cloud amount cc input from the cloud cover conversion unit 2 and the sunshine quantity Io input from the sunshine quantity calculation unit 5 by using the following calculation formula.

I＝{1-(cc/10)}·I ₀ ... (1)

The radiant temperature calculation unit 6 takes in the outdoor air temperature and indoor temperature in addition to the solar radiation forecast value I obtained by the solar radiation forecast calculation unit 3, and reads out the wall temperature in each direction from the building parameter storage unit 4. Building information such as area, wall material, window area, etc., to calculate radiation temperature. 7 is the PMV calculation unit that uses the aforementioned six input variables to obtain the PMV value of the comfort index according to the Fanger comfort equation, and 8 is the setting of the indoor temperature set value for the air conditioner 9 based on the calculation of the PMV value of the comfort index Temperature operation unit.

[Patent Document 1] JP-A-5-126380 (see FIG. 1 )

[Patent Document 2] JP-A-10-141736 (see FIG. 1 )

However, in the air-conditioning control device as above, it is necessary to calculate the amount of sunlight at the position of the sun based on calendar information such as date and time, building position information such as latitude and longitude, and building information such as outer walls or wall areas, and use this calculation The amount of sunshine and the amount of cloud obtained by converting the sunny/cloudy/rainy weather forecast input once a day according to the weather forecast of the previous day to predict the amount of sunshine. Therefore, there is a problem that, in order to predict and calculate the amount of sunshine, it is necessary to manually input daily weather information based on the weather forecast information of the previous day. Another problem is that even if the weather information of the day is entered based on the weather forecast information of the previous day, due to changes in the air pressure and wind direction in the sky above, the weather is often different from the predicted weather information and cannot be converted into an accurate one. cloud cover, which makes it difficult to obtain an appropriate forecast value of sunshine amount.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air-conditioning control device that realizes comfortable air-conditioning by predicting the amount of sunlight in consideration of the weather without inputting daily weather information and setting the amount of sunlight.

Contents of the invention

(1) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the air-conditioning control device related to the present invention is an air-conditioning control device that adopts the comfort index PMV value obtained according to the predetermined variable including the radiation temperature, and takes out the temperature setting value of the air conditioner, and has: The temperature change calculation unit that calculates the change value of the outdoor air temperature at regular intervals; the standard outdoor air temperature change that predicts the standard outdoor air temperature change value of a day based on the standard temperature change information determined by each cloud amount corresponding to various weathers A calculation unit; according to the standard outdoor air temperature change value determined by each cloud amount predicted by the standard outdoor air temperature change unit and the outdoor air temperature change value calculated by the temperature change calculation unit, it is estimated to correspond to the outdoor air temperature change value A cloud amount predictive operation unit of the cloud amount; and a sunshine amount forecast operation unit for obtaining a predicted value of the amount of sunshine used for calculating the radiation temperature using the cloud amount estimated by the cloud amount predictive operation unit and the amount of sunlight depending on the position of the sun .

The present invention adopts the structure described above, in the standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit, according to the standard temperature change information determined by each cloud amount corresponding to various weathers (such as sunny and cloudy), the standard outdoor air temperature of a day is predicted. The air temperature change value is input to the cloud amount forecasting operation unit. The cloud amount forecast calculation unit receives the outdoor air temperature change value from the temperature change calculation unit at regular intervals, and the difference between the standard outdoor air temperature change value determined by each cloud amount and the outdoor air temperature change value calculated by the aforementioned temperature change calculation unit According to the relationship, the cloud amount corresponding to the outdoor air temperature change value in this time period is estimated. Then, the solar radiation amount prediction calculation unit uses the estimated cloud amount and the solar radiation amount depending on the position of the sun to obtain a solar radiation amount prediction value for calculating the radiation temperature.

As a result, the cloud is estimated based on the standard temperature change value of the day obtained by taking into account the standard temperature change information determined by the cloud amount of various weathers and the outdoor air temperature change value obtained by the thermometer every predetermined time. By using the estimated cloud amount to predict the amount of sunshine, it is not necessary to install a sunshine meter in the building, and it is possible to obtain the amount of sunshine appropriately without inputting weather information.

In addition, as the above-mentioned standard temperature change information, if the temperature difference information between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature determined by each cloud amount corresponding to sunny and cloudy weather is used, for the weather between sunny and cloudy, the outdoor temperature at a predetermined time The air temperature change value can easily estimate the cloud amount.

In addition, as the above-mentioned standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit, if a day's standard outdoor air temperature change corresponding to a day's outdoor air temperature change substantially sin curve is generated from the standard temperature change information, then since the sin curve itself is essentially based on the It is generated from the standard temperature change information obtained by each cloud amount counted in the past, so it can represent the standard outdoor air temperature change value in the actual day, and it is easy to estimate the cloud amount corresponding to the outdoor air temperature change value at predetermined time intervals throughout the day.

In addition, as the above-mentioned cloud amount prediction operation unit, by using the cloud amount when it is sunny and the cloud amount on a cloudy day as a fixed value, the outdoor air change value calculated by the above-mentioned temperature change calculation unit is compared with the above-mentioned standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit. The size of the standard outdoor air temperature change value determined by each traffic volume, through the processing of proportional distribution, the cloud amount value between the cloud amount in sunny days and cloudy days is estimated, so that for sunny days and cloudy days weather in between, capable of carefully estimating cloud cover with high precision

Furthermore, as the above-mentioned cloud amount forecast operation unit, by taking in the outdoor air humidity, the cloud amount determined by rain is estimated and output, and when the cloud amount estimated by the above-mentioned cloud amount forecast operation unit becomes more than the expected cloud amount, As an exception, a predetermined prescribed cloud amount determined in advance is output, so that it is possible to output such a cloud amount that a person's feeling of heat and cold is always taken into consideration and extreme results do not occur.

(2) In addition, the air-conditioning control device related to the present invention has: a temperature change calculation unit that calculates the outdoor air temperature change value every predetermined time; The outdoor air temperature change storage unit of the standard outdoor air temperature change value; compare the outdoor air temperature change value calculated by the temperature change calculation unit within a certain period of time with the cloud amounts stored in the outdoor air temperature change storage unit The determined standard outdoor air temperature change value for one day, and the cloud amount forecasting operation unit that estimates the cloud amount based on the substantially equal standard outdoor air temperature change value; The solar radiation amount at the position of the sun is used to calculate the solar radiation amount prediction calculation unit for obtaining the solar radiation amount prediction value for the radiation temperature.

In the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned configuration, even when the weather of the day changes greatly, it is possible to make a judgment every predetermined time, estimate and output the cloud amount corresponding to the weather at that time.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air-conditioning control device that realizes comfortable air-conditioning by predicting the amount of insolation in consideration of the weather without inputting daily weather information and without installing an insolation meter.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an air-conditioning control device according to the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the state diagram of outdoor air temperature change in a day with various weathers.

Figure 3 is a diagram showing the change state of outdoor air humidity in one day in various weathers.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change state of outdoor air temperature in a day obtained from the change state of outdoor air temperature and the average value of multiple different months and days when it is sunny.

Figure 5 is based on the relationship between the temperature change of a certain time period when the cloud cover is 0.5 (clear) and the cloud cover is 9.5 (cloudy) and the measured outdoor air temperature change in this time period can be estimated to correspond to the measured outdoor air temperature change Illustrative map of cloud cover.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the standard outdoor air temperature change in a day obtained by the standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit shown in FIG. 1 through the sin substantive formula based on the standard temperature change information.

7 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the average value of outdoor air temperature change and the predicted value of outdoor air temperature in fine weather.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an example of proportional allocation processing of cloud amount with respect to a change value of outdoor air temperature.

Fig. 9 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the air-conditioning control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a conventional air-conditioning control device.

[Description of labels]

3...Sunshine amount prediction calculation unit, 4...Building parameter storage unit, 5...Sunshine amount calculation unit, 6...Radiation temperature calculation unit, 7...PMV calculation unit, 8...Set temperature calculation unit, 9...Air conditioner, 10 ...temperature change calculation unit, 12...standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit, 13, 16...thermometer, 14...cloud cover forecast calculation unit, 15...standard temperature change information storage unit, 17...humidity meter, 18...air velocity meter, 21...Outdoor temperature change storage unit.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an air-conditioning control device according to the present invention. In addition, in this figure, the same part as FIG. 10 is attached|subjected and demonstrated with the same code|symbol.

Such an air-conditioning control device is provided with a temperature change calculation unit 11 and a standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit 12 for obtaining calculation parameter information necessary for predicting cloud amount. The temperature change calculation unit 11 takes in the outdoor air temperature at regular intervals from a thermometer 13 installed outside the building, etc., and obtains the outdoor air temperature at each predetermined interval based on the last outdoor air temperature and this current outdoor air temperature. The change value is supplied to the cloud amount forecast calculation unit 14 as parameter information for calculation.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show the change value of the outdoor air temperature and the change of the outdoor air humidity on a certain day when it is sunny all day, cloudy all day and rainy all day. In addition, the example given for the outdoor air temperature change value (°C) is that since 4:00 am or 5:00 am at sunrise time is the lowest temperature in a day, the outdoor air temperature at this time is taken as the outdoor air temperature change value 0°C, draw a curve of the outdoor air temperature change every hour and throughout the day.

It can be seen from these figures that the indoor air temperature change pattern varies depending on the weather such as sunny, cloudy, and rainy. In addition, the outdoor air humidity in rainy days is very high. Furthermore, if the month and day are changed to study the change of the outdoor air temperature change value when it is sunny all day, the outdoor air temperature change state shown in Figure 4 can be obtained. As can be seen from FIG. 4 , even when the month and day change, the outdoor air temperature change pattern is almost the same. In this case, assuming that the outdoor air temperature change value at sunrise is 0° C., the weather of that day can be easily estimated from the outdoor air temperature change value in the outdoor air temperature change graph. Also, based on the humidity of the outdoor air, it can be estimated that it is a rainy day, or it can be estimated that it is a cloudy day with a considerable amount of clouds in a state where the humidity continues to be slightly high.

Therefore, as long as the weather of a day does not change rapidly, the weather of that day can be easily estimated based on the change value of the outdoor air temperature and the humidity of the outside air. Even in this case, it is possible to estimate the weather at the time of a sudden change.

The aforesaid standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit 12 is based on information such as the azimuth and height of the sun obtained by the calendar information, that is, the year, month, day and time, and the cloud amount based on various weathers stored in the standard temperature change information storage unit 15 in advance. The determined standard temperature change information and the predicted standard outdoor air temperature change value are supplied to the cloud amount prediction calculation unit 14 as calculation parameter information.

According to the weather information released by the Meteorological Agency, if we try to investigate the standard temperature change information determined by cloud cover throughout the year, regardless of the changes in spring, summer, autumn, winter and other seasons and each month, the maximum temperature and maximum low temperature in a day The temperature variation of the temperature is not too large. Of course, the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature is different for sunny and cloudy days. That is, the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature is large when it is sunny, and the temperature difference is small when it is cloudy. Therefore, if the relationship between weather and cloud amount is expressed numerically, the cloud amount corresponding to the change of outdoor air temperature can be grasped according to the temperature change state determined by each cloud amount and the change state of outdoor air temperature. In addition, the so-called cloud amount is the apparent proportion of the entire sky covered by clouds, and can be roughly represented by the following numerical values.

"Clear" is 1 or less as a ratio of cloudiness to the whole sky.

"Sunny" cloud amount is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 8.

"Overcast" cloud cover is greater than or equal to 9.

Incidentally, as shown in Figure 5, assuming that the cloud cover is 0.5 within an hour from 9:00 am to 10:00 am, that is, the standard temperature change value (the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in a day) when it is sunny is 2°C , when the cloud cover is 9.5, that is, the standard temperature change value on cloudy days is 1°C. In this case, if the outdoor air temperature change value actually measured by the thermometer 13 is assumed to be 1.5°C for example, then due to the outdoor air temperature change value of 1.5°C It is the middle value of the standard temperature change value of 2°C and 1°C, so if calculated in proportion, it can be predicted that cloud amount=cloud amount 0.5+[(9.5-0.5)/2]=5.

Therefore, in the standard temperature change information storage unit 15, regardless of the season or the change of each month, the cloud amount of the day is stored, for example, the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of 0.5 (clear), that is, the standard temperature change value information, and the same day's The temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature when the cloud amount is, for example, 9.5 (cloudy) is the standard temperature change value information. Here, the so-called standard temperature change value information is based on the measurement of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature based on various weather such as sunny and cloudy days in the past year published by the Meteorological Agency, and the standard temperature change value information is equivalent to the clear time. The temperature change value obtained by dividing the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature by, for example, the number of days collected. However, it does not necessarily have to be in a year, and it can also be every six months or every season such as spring, summer, autumn, and winter.

The standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit 12 adopts the information such as the sun's azimuth and altitude obtained from the electric calendar information, that is, the year, month, day and time, and stores the standard temperature change information determined by the cloud cover in the standard temperature change information storage unit 15. etc. to generate a change in the standard outdoor air temperature represented by a substantially sin curve shown in FIG. 2 .

The above-mentioned cloud amount forecast calculation unit 14 adopts the outdoor air temperature change value obtained by the temperature change calculation unit 11 at regular intervals and the standard temperature change information determined by the cloud amount generated by the standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit 12 to calculate The obtained standard outdoor air temperature change value is predicted according to the predetermined calculation formula described later, and the cloud amount cc is predicted, for example, within the range of 0 to 9.5, and supplied to the sunshine amount prediction unit 3 . In addition, the outdoor air humidity (H) is input to the cloud amount forecast computing unit 14, which is input for judging whether it is raining or not. In the state where the outdoor air humidity (H) is close to 100%, as can be seen from FIG. 3 , it is judged to be raining, and the range of cloud cover cc=9.5-10, that is, for example, cloud cover cc=10, is supplied to the sunshine amount prediction calculation unit 3 .

Furthermore, the air-conditioning control device according to the present invention is provided with a solar radiation amount calculation unit 5 as in FIG. 10 . The solar radiation calculation unit 5 determines the solar incidence angle and the building position information stored in the building parameter storage unit 4 (latitude, longitude, etc.) The solar position is obtained from the determined solar position, and the solar radiation amount Io is obtained, and supplied to the solar radiation amount prediction unit 3 .

For the predicted amount of sunshine Io input from the amount of sunshine calculation unit 5, the amount of sunshine cc from the amount of cloud forecast calculation unit 14 is used to calculate the amount of sunshine by using the corrected calculation formula based on the aforementioned formula (1). The predicted value I is input to the radiation temperature calculation unit 6 .

The radiant temperature calculation unit 6 calculates and passes through the building parameter storage unit 4 according to the solar radiation forecast value I obtained by the solar radiation forecast calculation unit 3, the outdoor air temperature T measured by the thermometer 13, and the indoor temperature measured by the thermometer 16. The stored sunlight is radiated from the inner surface of the wall, such as the wall window and the outer wall, to the human body in the room. The radiation temperature becomes the heat exchange temperature.

The PMV calculation unit 7 uses the aforementioned six input variables to obtain the PMV value of the comfort index according to Fan Ge's comfort equation. The PMV computing unit 7 obtains the neuron PMV using conventionally well-known techniques, such as the neuron PMV computing unit described in the aforementioned Patent Document 1, and the like. The set temperature calculation unit 8 obtains a set value of the indoor temperature based on the divine element PMV obtained by the PMV calculation unit 7 described in Patent Document 1, for example, and sets it as the target temperature of the air conditioner 9 .

Next, the operation of the air-conditioning control device configured as above will be described.

First, the temperature change calculating means 11 takes in the outdoor air temperature from the thermometer 13 every predetermined time t (for example, one hour). Here, if the outdoor air temperature imported last time is *(T(t-1), and the outdoor air temperature imported this time is *T(t), then the outdoor air temperature change value Δ*T(t)[ °C] is calculated by the following formula:

Δ*T(t)＝*T(t)-*T(t-1) ...(2)

In the formula, *T(t) is the outdoor air temperature filter value, and the symbol * represents the filter value.

In addition, *T(t) is obtained by *T(t)=αT×T(t)+(1−αT)×*T(t−1). αT is a filter constant for smoothing the outdoor air temperature. The filter constant adopts an adjustment value equal to or less than 1 so that the outdoor air temperature T(t) does not become an extreme value.

In addition, in the standard outdoor air temperature change computing unit 12, information such as the azimuth and height of the sun obtained from the calendar information, that is, the year, month, day and time, etc., is used to store the information determined by the cloud amount in the standard temperature change information storage unit 15. Standard temperature change information, etc., use the following formula (3) to obtain the standard outdoor air temperature change value Δ∧T(t; cc) for each cloud amount cc corresponding to various weathers.

ΔΛT(t; cc) = ΛT(t; cc)-ΛT(t-1; cc) ... (3)

In the formula, ∧T(t; cc) is the estimated standard temperature [°C] at time t of cloud amount cc, for example, as shown in Figure 6, which is divided into four sections, namely (1) 0:00 to before sunrise ; (2) Sunrise time ~ maximum outdoor air temperature time (tmax); (3) Maximum outdoor air temperature time ~ sunset time; (4) After sunset time ~ 24:00, predict the standard outdoor air of a day that is substantially sin temperature change value. In addition, according to the daily standard temperature change distribution, since the sunrise time is the lowest temperature, the standard outdoor air temperature change value at the sunrise time is set to 0 [° C.]. In addition, since the maximum outdoor air temperature time of a day is from 14:00 to 15:00, if the above-mentioned (2) maximum outdoor air maximum time (tmax) is set to 14:00, the time period from 14:00 to 15:00 The maximum temperature change value of the standard outdoor air temperature change value calculated by (2) remains unchanged, and the above-mentioned (3) maximum outdoor air temperature time is set at 15:00, and is set from 15:00 to sunset time.

(1) 0:00 to before sunrise

ΛT(n,t;cc)=(Tss-1(cc)-Tsr0(cc))×sin[{(t+24-tss)/(tsr+24-tss)/2+1}×π]+ T(n-1, tss)

In this formula, n represents the current day, Tss-1(cc) represents the outdoor air temperature at sunset relative to the location of the building, Tsr0(cc) represents the outdoor air temperature at sunrise relative to the location of the building, and tss represents the time of sunset , tsr represents the sunrise time, T(n-1, tss) represents the sunset temperature of the previous day. Using this calculation formula, the change state of the standard outdoor air temperature corresponding to the curve (1) of FIG. 6 is estimated. Here, as described above, the lowest temperature at sunrise time is assumed to be 0 [° C.].

(2) Sunrise time to maximum outdoor air temperature time (tmax)

ΛT(n, t; cc) = ΔT day(cc)/2×sin[{(t-tsr)/(tmax-tsr)-0.5}×π]+ΔT day(cc)/2+T(n, tsr)

In this formula, ΔTday (cc) is the standard temperature change information of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the cloud amount 0.5 stored in the standard temperature change information storage unit 15, and when tmax is 14, T (n, tsr) is the day of the day temperature. Using this calculation formula, the state of the standard outdoor air temperature change corresponding to the curve (2) of FIG. 6 is estimated.

In this calculation formula, the maximum outdoor air temperature time (tmax) = 14 o'clock, but since the maximum outdoor air temperature is between 14 o'clock and 15 o'clock, the one obtained by using the obtained curve (2) becomes the highest standard The value of the temperature change information (A) and remain unchanged.

(3) Maximum outdoor air temperature time to sunset time

ΛT(n, t; cc) = ΔT day(cc)/2×sin[{(t-tsr)/(tmax-tsr)-0.5}×π]+T(n, tmax)-ΔT day(cc) /2

Using this calculation formula, the state of the standard outdoor air temperature change corresponding to the curve (3) in FIG. 6 is estimated.

(4) After sunset ~ 24:00

ΛT(n, t; cc)=(Tss0(cc)-Tsr+1(cc))×sin[{(t-tss)/(tsr+24-tss)/2+1}×π]+T( n,tss)

Using this calculation formula, the state of the standard outdoor air temperature change corresponding to the curve (4) of FIG. 6 is estimated.

Then, the standard outdoor air temperature change value Δ∧T(t; cc) is obtained by using the aforementioned calculation formula (3).

As mentioned above, the predicted value of the outdoor air temperature change in a day when it is clear (cloud amount = 0.5) obtained by the calculation formulas (1) to (4) is represented by X-X shown in Figure 7, if it is obtained from the actual clear time in the past Compared with the average value (O-O) of multiple outdoor air temperature changes, it can be seen that the predicted value of outdoor air temperature change in one day is substantially similar to the actual average value of outdoor air temperature change.

In addition, the estimated standard outdoor air temperature ∧T(n, t; cc)[°C] at time t of cloud amount cc is calculated for the case of cloud amount 0.5 (clear), but for cloud amount 9.5 (cloudy) ) is similarly divided into a plurality of curves, and the estimated value of the standard outdoor air temperature ∧T(n,t;cc)[°C] is estimated.

Similarly, the standard outdoor air temperature change value Δ∧T(t; cc) determined by the cloud amount of 9.5 (cloudy) is obtained by using the aforementioned calculation formula (3).

Then, the standard outdoor air temperature change value ΔΛT(t; cc) at each time of the day when the cloud amount is 0.5 and the cloud amount is 9.5 obtained as described above is input to the cloud amount prediction calculation unit 14 .

This cloud amount forecast computing unit 14 adopts the standard outdoor air temperature change value Δ∧T(t; cc) of cloud amount=0.5 and the standard outdoor air temperature change value Δ of cloud amount=9.5 obtained by the aforementioned calculation formula (3) ∧T(t; cc) and the outdoor air temperature change value Δ*T(t) obtained from the calculation formula (2) above are used to estimate the cloud amount according to the proportional allocation process shown in FIG. 8 . FIG. 8 illustrates the same content as FIG. 5 .

However, since the cloud amount prediction calculation unit 14 must also consider the outdoor air humidity (H), for example, the cloud amount estimated value Λ _cc (t)=0-10 is obtained using the following calculation formula (4).

Λcc (t) = f (*cc (t), h (t)) ... (4)

The cloud amount estimated value ∧ _cc (t) in the calculation formula (4) is obtained as a function of the cloud amount arithmetic filter value *cc(t) and the outdoor air humidity H(t)°C).

Therefore, before estimating the cloud amount estimation value ∧cc(t) using the above-mentioned calculation formula (4), first calculate the cloud cover calculation filter value *cc(t) using the following calculation formula (5).

*cc(t)＝αcc×cc(t)+(1-αcc)×*cc(t-1) …(5)

In this formula, αcc is the cloud amount smoothing filter constant, and cc(t) is the cloud amount calculation value.

In addition, the cloud amount calculation value cc(t) of the said calculation formula (5) is calculated|required by the following calculation formula (6).

cc(t)=(0.5-9.5)×(Δ*T(t)-ΔΛT(t; cc=9.5))/(ΔΛT(t; cc=0.5)-ΔΛT(t; cc=9.5))+9.5 …(6)

In addition, in formula (6), Δ*T(t) is the outdoor air temperature change value [°C] at time t obtained by the temperature change calculation unit 11, and Δ∧t(t; The standard outdoor air temperature change value [° C.] of the cloud amount cc calculated by the temperature change calculation unit 12 .

However, using the above-mentioned formula (5) and formula (6), it is to obtain the cloud amount calculation value between the cloud amount and the cloud amount 9.5 including the cloud amount 0.5 and the cloud amount 9.5 shown in Fig. 8, but the above-mentioned formula (5) ) calculation structure has exceptions in some cases, and the calculation results of cloud amount less than or equal to 0.5 and cloud amount greater than or equal to 9.5 appear.

Therefore, regarding the cloud amount calculation filter value *cc(t) in which an exception occurs due to the calculation result, the description will return to the above-mentioned formula (4). According to the relationship of ∧cc(t)=f(*cc(t)) in formula (4), the calculation of the cloud amount calculation filter value *cc(t) according to formula (5) appears as follows unexpected When the estimated cloud amount is estimated, the estimated cloud amount ∧cc(t) is determined according to the following regulations

(A) Case where ∧cc(t)=0←(*cc(t)<0).

This is the case where the calculation result of *cc(t) is less than 0. Although it is sunny, it may become less than 0 due to, for example, wind or other factors.

(B)∧cc(t)=0←under the following conditions.

(a) Daytime (sunrise time to sunset time)

The first condition: when Δ*T(t)>Δ∧T(t; cc=0.5), that is, when the outdoor air temperature is very high when it is sunny.

(b) Nighttime (after sunset to before sunrise)

The second condition: when Δ*T(t)>Δ∧T(t; cc=0.5), that is, when the outdoor air temperature is very high when it is sunny.

(C)∧cc(t)＝10←(in rainy days, H(t)≥Hrain)

This is not the calculation result of *cc(t), but the result of judgment based on the outdoor air humidity (H).

(D)∧cc(t)＝10←(*cc(t)＞10)

In this case, the calculation result of *cc(t) is greater than 10.

In addition, *cc(t) mentioned in (A)～(D) above is the value of the cloud calculation filter, Δ*T(t) is the standard outdoor air temperature change value [°C], Δ∧T(t, cc) is the standard outdoor air temperature change value [°C] determined by cloud cover, and Hrain is the standard humidity for judging rainy days [%].

The cloud amount forecast calculation unit 14 obtains the estimated cloud amount values 0 to 10 including exception values by using the aforementioned equations (4) to (6), and inputs them to the sunshine amount forecast calculation unit 3 . The solar radiation amount prediction calculation means 3 predicts the solar radiation amount I(t) using the following calculation formula based on the cloud amount estimated value.

I(t)＝(1-Λcc(t)/10)×I ₀ (t)......(7)

In the above formula, t is the time [hour], and Io(t) is the predicted value of the total insolation amount depending on the position of the sun. The total solar radiation forecast value Io(t) is calculated based on the determined sun position based on the calendar information (month, day, time, and building position information (latitude, longitude, etc. indicating the building position), and then calculated from the determined sun position.

Then, the solar illumination prediction computing unit 3 obtains the solar illumination prediction value I(t) according to the aforementioned formula (7), and then introduces the solar radiation amount prediction value I(t) into the radiation temperature computing unit 6 . The radiant temperature calculation unit 6 calculates the data stored in the building parameters according to the predicted insolation value I(t) obtained by the insolation forecast calculation unit 3, the outdoor air temperature T measured by the thermometer 13, and the indoor temperature measured by the thermometer 16. Stored in the unit 4 is the radiant temperature, which becomes the heat exchange temperature, from the windows and walls of the building to radiate heat from the windows and walls of the building to the human body in the room to be air-conditioned. Regarding the radiation temperature of other walls, floors, and ceilings, it can be obtained, for example, by conducting heat conduction calculations based on the already obtained wall surface temperatures in the sunlight direction. Then, the radiation temperature calculation unit 6 supplies the PMV calculation unit 7 with the average radiation temperature calculated from the area average of all six surfaces. The PMV calculation unit 7 adopts the variable consisting of the average radiant temperature, the indoor temperature measured by the thermometer 16, the indoor humidity measured by the hygrometer 17, the amount of clothing and the amount of activity input and set, and the air velocity measured by the air velocity meter 18. , using the well-known Vanger comfort equation in the past to obtain the comfort index PMV value, and then send it to the set temperature unit 8 . The set temperature calculation unit 8 obtains the indoor temperature setting value based on the comfort index PMV value obtained by the PMV calculation unit 7 , and sets it as the indoor target temperature of the air conditioner 9 . The air conditioner 9 performs air conditioning in the room according to the set value of the indoor target temperature to maintain a comfortable air-conditioning environment.

Therefore, according to the embodiment as above, due to the use of the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of a day collected in the past continuous corresponding period in consideration of various weathers, after obtaining the standard outdoor air temperature change of each cloud amount, according to The standard outdoor air temperature change value determined by each cloud amount and the outdoor air temperature change value obtained every predetermined time are used to estimate the cloud amount, and the estimated amount of cloud is used to predict the amount of sunshine. The amount of sunlight can be accurately predicted. In the past, the problem of setting the solar radiation meter is that it will be affected by many adjacent buildings, or the solar radiation will vary greatly according to the adjacent buildings and the position of the sun. In addition, it is difficult for low buildings Although the insolation meter is installed, in the air-conditioning control device according to the present invention, the insolation amount can be accurately predicted without the insolation meter, and the conventional problem can be solved.

In addition, in the past, weather information was manually input every day based on the weather forecast of the previous day, but the device of the present invention does not require the input operation of daily weather information. Also, weather information is input based on the weather forecast of the previous day, but the weather forecast itself is limited to forecasts with a high probability of expected weather, but there are many examples where the weather on the day becomes very bad, or the sunny weather forecast becomes It was cloudy. In the air-conditioning control device according to the present invention, it is possible to predict the amount of sunlight in consideration of the weather without inputting daily weather information.

As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9 , an outdoor air temperature change storage unit 21 is provided instead of the standard temperature change information storage unit 15 and the standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit 12 .

In the outdoor air temperature change storage unit 21 , standard outdoor air temperature change values for a day determined by various types of cloud amounts corresponding to expected weather types are stored in advance. The so-called expected weather types are, for example, sunny, sunny, cloudy, full cloudy, rainy, etc. in each season. Here, for each cloud amount corresponding to the expected weather type in the past, for example, 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 to 9.0, and 10.0, a plurality of temperature changes corresponding to the weather in the past are collected, and each cloud amount is calculated. A plurality of temperature change average values, that is, a day's standard outdoor air temperature change value, is stored in the outdoor air temperature change storage unit 21.

In addition, if the cloud amount forecast calculation unit 14 receives the one-hour outdoor air temperature change value from 9 am to 10 am, for example, from the temperature change calculation unit 11, it will sequentially compare the outdoor air temperature change value of this time period with the stored outdoor air temperature. The temperature change storage unit 21 retrieves the standard outdoor air temperature change value closest to the outdoor air change value among the standard outdoor air temperature change values of a day determined by each cloud amount, and The cloud amount corresponding to the approximate standard outdoor air temperature change value is estimated as the cloud amount of the weather in the current time slot, and is supplied to the sunshine amount prediction calculation unit 3 .

Since the processing after the solar radiation amount prediction calculation unit 3 is the same as the above, it is omitted here.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, since the outdoor air temperature changes according to each time period, from the standard outdoor air temperature change values of a day determined by each cloud amount, the standard with the closest tendency for the time period is found. The outdoor air temperature change value is output as the cloud amount corresponding to the standard outdoor air temperature change value, so it is possible to flexibly retrieve and output the most appropriate cloud amount according to gradually changing weather.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the summary, various deformation|transformation can be implemented.

Claims (6)

1. An air-conditioning control device which calculates a comfort index PMV value based on predetermined input variables including radiant temperature, and obtains a temperature setting value of an air conditioner based on the comfort index PMV value obtained by using the calculation, and is characterized in that it has A temperature change calculation unit that calculates the outdoor air temperature change value at regular intervals; According to the standard temperature change information determined by each cloud amount corresponding to various weathers, the standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit is used to predict the standard outdoor air temperature change value of a day; According to the standard outdoor air temperature change value determined by each cloud amount predicted by the standard outdoor air temperature change unit and the outdoor air temperature change value calculated by the temperature change calculation unit, the cloud amount corresponding to the outdoor air temperature change value is estimated The cloud amount forecast computing unit; and A solar radiation amount predictive computing unit for obtaining a predicted value of the solar radiation amount for calculating the radiant temperature using the cloud amount estimated by the cloud amount predictive computing unit and the solar radiation amount depending on the position of the sun. 2. The air conditioner control device according to claim 1, wherein: The temperature difference information between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature determined by each cloud amount corresponding to sunny and cloudy weather is used as the standard temperature change information. 3. The air conditioner control device according to claim 1, wherein: The standard outdoor air temperature change calculation unit generates a daily standard outdoor air temperature change corresponding to a substantially sin curve of a daily outdoor air temperature change based on the standard temperature change information. 4. The air conditioner control device according to claim 1, wherein: The cloud amount prediction operation unit takes the cloud amount when it is sunny and the cloud amount on a cloudy day as fixed values, and the outdoor air temperature change value calculated by the temperature change calculation unit is compared with that predicted by the standard outdoor air temperature change operation unit. According to the size of the standard outdoor air temperature change value determined by each cloud amount, the cloud amount value between the cloud amount on a clear day and the cloud amount on a cloudy day is estimated through the processing of proportional distribution. 5. The air conditioner control device according to claim 1, wherein: The cloud amount forecast calculation unit takes in the humidity of the outdoor air, estimates and outputs the cloud amount determined by rain, and outputs an exceptional forecast when the cloud amount estimated by the cloud amount forecast calculation unit exceeds the expected cloud amount. Determine the prescribed cloud cover. 6. An air-conditioning control device which calculates a comfort index PMV value based on predetermined input variables including radiant temperature, and obtains a temperature setting value of an air conditioner based on the comfort index PMV value obtained by using the calculation, and is characterized in that it has A temperature change calculation unit that calculates the outdoor air temperature change value at regular intervals; An outdoor air temperature change storage unit that pre-stores a day's standard outdoor air temperature change value determined by various cloud amounts corresponding to the expected weather type; Comparing the outdoor air temperature change value within a certain period of time calculated by the temperature change calculation unit with the standard outdoor air temperature change value of a day determined by each cloud amount stored in the outdoor air temperature change storage unit, and based on the same The standard outdoor air temperature change value is used to estimate the cloud amount prediction calculation unit of the cloud amount; A solar radiation amount predictive computing unit that calculates a predicted value of the solar radiation amount for the radiant temperature using the cloud amount estimated by the cloud amount predictive computing unit and the solar radiation amount depending on the position of the sun.

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