CN1884934B - Air conditioner control device - Google Patents
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- CN1884934B CN1884934B CN2006100549245A CN200610054924A CN1884934B CN 1884934 B CN1884934 B CN 1884934B CN 2006100549245 A CN2006100549245 A CN 2006100549245A CN 200610054924 A CN200610054924 A CN 200610054924A CN 1884934 B CN1884934 B CN 1884934B
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Abstract
The present invention reveals one kind of air conditioner controller capable of realizing comfortable air conditioning state without need of inputting weather information and sunshine information. The air conditioner controller has one temperature change calculating unit to calculate the outdoor temperature change regularly, one operating unit to predict the standard outdoor air temperature change value, one cloud amount predicating and operating unit to calculate cloud amount corresponding to the outdoor air temperature change, one sunshine amount predicting and operating unit to calculate and predict sunshine amount, and one radiation temperature operating unit to calculate average radiation temperature. The comfort index PMV value is found out with the input variables including the average radiation temperature based on the comfort formula.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to realize energy-conservation and guarantee the air conditioning control device of comfortable indoor air-conditioned environment.
Background technology
The energy that consumes owing to the air-conditioning equipment of building relation occupies the sizable ratio in the whole building consumed energy.Thereby, as air-conditioning control,, then can expect to have energy-conservation significantly effect if reduce because of the cold or overheated meaningless energy consumption that causes of indoor mistake.
Originally, because the cold and hot sensation of hot and cold is different for everyone of occupant,, importantly to consider majority's cold and hot sensation therefore in order to ensure suitable indoor hot-cool environment.Variable as this cold and hot sensation of influence has air themperature, relative humidity, average radiation temperature, air velocity, the amount of wearing the clothes and activity (internal calorific power of human body).
The heat dissipation capacity that people's caloric value is the exit dose that produces of convection current, radiation produces, from people's evaporation heat and breathe the heat dissipation capacity that produces and the summation of quantity of heat storage.When these thermal balance types were set up, human body was in thermally equilibrated centre position, is in hypothermal comfort conditions.Otherwise when thermal balance type was false, human body sensory was cold or hot.
Thereby in order quantitatively to grasp people's cold and hot sensation based on this thermal balance type, model lattice (Fanger) professor of Denmark polytechnical university has delivered comfort equation.Fan Ge teaches with comfort equation as starting point, survey according to many testees, the thermic load of human body and people's warm-cold sensitivity is carried out statistical analysis and combines, proposed comfort index PMV (Predicted Mean Vote: prediction is on average selected).Comfort index PMV is also adopted by the standard of ISO (International Standards Organization), is stipulated in ISO 7730.
Above-mentioned comfort equation is when temperature keeps certain standing state in the body of human body, and surrounding environment between thermal balance type in add various heat radiation prediction equations, provide comfort conditions again, the equation of deriving as the skin temperature and the perspiration evaporative heat loss amount of physiological amount.This comfort equation then can be used for determining the needed indoor temperature of thermal comfort if consider to add aforesaid six variablees.
Comfort index PMV be adopt aforementioned comfort equation obtain under the metabolism amount of reality and the condition of wearing the clothes and environment between the thermal unbalance amount, as thermic load to human body, the index that this thermic load is combined with people's warm-cold sensitivity.Here, become warm-cold sensitivity index comfort index PMV and represent with the numerical value of 7 grades of opinion scales, these 7 grades of opinion scales are+3: heat ,+2: warm ,+1: warm slightly, 0: neither very warm nor cold, comfortable ,-1: cool slightly ,-2: nice and cool ,-3: cold.
The air conditioning control device of the such comfort index PMV of several employings has been proposed in the past.
The air conditioning control device of one of them is to constitute like this, it has neuron PMV arithmetic element and fuzzy operation unit, this neuron PMV arithmetic element is according to six input variables people cold and hot being felt exert an influence, utilizing neutral net to learn comfort index is PMV, this fuzzy operation unit will be through the neuron PMV input of study, carry out fuzzy reasoning, comfort index is converged in the comfort standard, and calculate the indoor temperature setting value (patent documentation 1) of air conditioner.
In addition, as other technology in the past, the comfort index PMV learning device that adopts in the air conditioning control device has been proposed.This comfort index PMV learning device is to constitute like this, it pre-determines under the situation of the amount of wearing the clothes and activity in cold and hot six input variables feeling to exert an influence to the people, taking-up contains three variablees that other variable is air themperature, relative humidity, mean radiant temperature and with six variablees altogether of three variablees multiplying each other mutually between two in these three variablees and obtain, and utilize neutral net, learn comfort index PMV (patent documentation 2).
Therefore, aforesaid air conditioning control device or comfort index PMV learning device all adopt six mean radiant temperatures in the variable.That is to say, adopt in the air conditioning control device of comfort index PMV,, do not have the mean radiant temperature meter under the situation about having though the mean radiant temperature of one of significant variable is must be indispensable, also attempt in addition not using the mean radiant temperature meter, want to utilize substitute technology to realize.Radiation temperature can be that interior wall from building is towards the heat exchange temperature of human body by radiation delivery.This radiation temperature can be obtained according to building informations such as the sunshine amount that is incident to external surface of buildings, outside air temperature, indoor temperature and wall area, wall material, window areas.Then, average according to the area in indoor whole six orientation, obtain mean radiant temperature.
But, the sunshine amount meter in most cases is not set in the building that has built up.In addition, even reset the sunshine amount meter, or be provided with the sunshine amount meter, but the place that is provided with of depending on it, in most cases be in the shade of antenna or water tank and other many buildings etc., or blocked etc. by adjacent building, and can not the correct measurement sunshine amount.
Therefore, developed the air conditioning control device shown in Figure 10 that adopts the replacement mean radiant temperature to take into account the substitute technology of sunshine amount meter in recent years.This air conditioning control device from weather forecast input block 1 according to the weather forecast of the previous day, once a day by manual type with whole day or be divided into the morning and the state in afternoon with weather forecast (for example fine/the moon/rain etc.) to cloud amount converter unit 2 input, the apparent transformation of scale of the part that will be covered by cloud whole skies according to weather forecast here is for after the cloud amount cc with 0～10 numeric representation, predicts that to sunshine amount arithmetic element 3 sends.
In addition, will by calendar information front-month, day, the time, the solar incident angle that branch is tried to achieve and the building positional information (latitude of expression building position, longitude etc.) that deposits building parameter storage unit 4 in and building information (wall area, exterior wall direction etc.) be to 5 inputs of sunshine amount arithmetic element, the sunshine amount Io of position of sun is depended in calculating, sends to sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3 equally.
Sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3 adopts the cloud amount cc of cloud amount converter unit 2 inputs and the sunshine amount Io of sunshine amount arithmetic element 5 inputs, utilizes following arithmetic expression, calculates sunshine amount predicted value I.
I＝{1-(cc/10)}·I
0 ……(1)
Radiation temperature arithmetic element 6 is except being taken into the sunshine amount predicted value I that sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3 is tried to achieve, also be taken into outside air temperature and indoor temperature, also read the building informations such as wall area, wall material, window areas in each orientation, calculate radiation temperature from building parameter storage unit 4.The 7th, adopt aforesaid six input variables to try to achieve the PMV arithmetic element of comfort index pmv value according to model lattice comfort equation, the 8th, calculate the design temperature arithmetic element of the indoor temperature setting value that air conditioner 9 is set according to the comfort index pmv value.
[patent documentation 1] spy opens flat 5-126380 communique (with reference to Fig. 1)
[patent documentation 2] spy opens flat 10-141736 communique (with reference to Fig. 1)
But, in above such air conditioning control device, will be according to the building positional information and the building informations such as exterior wall or wall area of calendar informations such as time on date, latitude and longitude, calculate the sunshine amount of position of sun, and adopt the sunshine amount of this calculating and according to the weather forecast of the previous day fine/cloud amount that weather forecast conversion such as the moon/rain obtain, prediction sunshine amount by input once a day.Therefore the problem that exists is for the prediction and calculation sunshine amount, must import the Weather information of every day by manual type according to the weather forecast information of the previous day.The problem that also has in addition is, even import the Weather information on the same day according to the weather forecast information of the previous day, but because the variation of overhead air pressure and wind direction etc., weather is also different with the Weather information of prediction under a lot of situations, can not be transformed to cloud amount accurately, and then be difficult to obtain suitable sunshine amount predicted value.
The present invention is In view of the foregoing and proposes, and its purpose is to provide the Weather information of not importing every day, sunshine amount is not set in addition and predicts the sunshine amount of considering weather, and realizes the air conditioning control device of comfort air conditioning.
Summary of the invention
(1) in order to address the above problem, the air conditioning control device that the present invention is relevant, be the air conditioning control device that adopts according to the desired temperature of the resulting comfort index pmv value of regulation variable that comprises radiation temperature, taking-up air conditioner, have: the variations in temperature computing unit every stipulated time counting chamber outer air temperature change value is set; According to the normal temperature change information that is determined with corresponding each cloud amount of multiple weather, predict the standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element of one day standard outdoor air temperature variations value; According to the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined of this standard outdoor air temperature variations unit prediction and the outside air temperature changing value of described variations in temperature computing unit calculating, infer cloud amount prediction arithmetic element with the corresponding cloud amount of this outside air temperature changing value; And adopt cloud amount that this cloud amount prediction arithmetic element infers and the sunshine amount that depends on position of sun, try to achieve the sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element of calculating the sunshine amount predicted value that described radiation temperature uses.
The present invention is by adopting above-described formation, in standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element, according to multiple weather (for example sunny and cloudy) the normal temperature change information that corresponding each cloud amount determined, predict one day standard outdoor air temperature variations value, to the input of cloud amount prediction arithmetic element.This cloud amount prediction arithmetic element every the stipulated time from variations in temperature computing unit receiving chamber outer air temperature change value, then the relation of the outside air temperature changing value that calculates according to standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined and aforementioned temperature change calculations unit is inferred the corresponding cloud amount of outside air temperature changing value with this time period.Then, sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element adopts cloud amount of inferring and the sunshine amount that depends on position of sun, tries to achieve and calculates the sunshine amount predicted value that aforementioned radiation temperature is used.
Its result, owing to infer cloud amount according to one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that obtains by the normal temperature change information that cloud amount determined of considering multiple weather and by the outside air temperature changing value that thermometer obtains every the stipulated time, and adopt this cloud amount of inferring to predict sunshine amount, therefore building can be provided with the sunshine amount meter, can not import Weather information in addition, and suitably obtain sunshine amount.
In addition, as the aforesaid standards temperature information, if adopt the maximum temperature that determined with sunny and cloudy corresponding each cloud amount of weather and the temperature difference information of minimum temperature, then, can infer cloud amount easily for the outside air temperature changing value of the weather between sunny and the moon every the stipulated time.
In addition, change arithmetic element as the aforesaid standards outside air temperature, if generate one day standard outdoor air temperature variations of the curve of sin in fact that is equivalent to outside air temperature variation in a day according to the normal temperature change information, then since in fact sin curve itself be to generate according to the normal temperature change information that each cloud amount based on past statistics obtains, therefore can represent actual one day standard outdoor air temperature variations value, infer easily whole one day with the corresponding cloud amount of outside air temperature changing value every the stipulated time.
In addition, as aforementioned cloud amount prediction arithmetic element, by the cloud amount when sunny and the cloud amount at cloudy day as fixed value, the outdoor air changing value that calculates according to aforementioned temperature change calculations unit changes the size by the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each freight volume determined that arithmetic element is predicted with respect to the aforesaid standards outside air temperature, the processing that passing ratio distributes, infer aforementioned when sunny cloud amount and the cloud amount value between the cloud amount at cloudy day, thereby when sunny and the weather between the cloudy day, can carefully infer cloud amount with high accuracy
Have again, as aforementioned cloud amount prediction arithmetic element, by being taken into outdoor air humidity, infer the cloud amount and the output that determine by rain, when the cloud amount of inferring in aforementioned cloud amount prediction arithmetic element becomes the cloud amount that surpasses anticipation in addition, the output regulation cloud amount that is predetermined by way of exception, thus such cloud amount can be exported, make and consider people's cold and hot sensation all the time and extreme result do not occur.
(2) in addition, the air conditioning control device that the present invention is relevant has: the variations in temperature computing unit every stipulated time counting chamber outer air temperature change value is set; Storage in advance changes memory cell with the outside air temperature of one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that the corresponding multiple cloud amount of envisioning of weather kind is determined; Outside air temperature changing value in certain certain hour that more described variations in temperature computing unit calculates and described outside air temperature change one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined of storing in the memory cell, and infer the cloud amount prediction arithmetic element of cloud amount according to this standard outdoor air temperature variations value that equates in fact; And adopt cloud amount that this cloud amount prediction arithmetic element infers and the sunshine amount that depends on position of sun, calculate the sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element of trying to achieve the sunshine amount predicted value that described radiation temperature uses.
The present invention is by adopting above-described formation, even when one day weather has very big variation, also can judge every the stipulated time, infers and at this moment corresponding cloud amount of weather and output.
According to the present invention, the Weather information of not importing every day can be provided, in addition the sunshine amount meter be set and predict the sunshine amount of considering weather, and realize the air conditioning control device of comfort air conditioning.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the pie graph of the relevant air conditioning control device of the present invention one example.
Figure 2 shows that one day outside air temperature variable condition figure of multiple weather.
Figure 3 shows that one day outdoor air humidity variable condition figure of multiple weather.
Figure 4 shows that one day outside air temperature variable condition and mean value one day the outside air temperature variable condition figure obtaining thereof of a plurality of not of even dates when sunny.
Fig. 5 is for being that 0.5 (sunny) and cloud amount are that the key diagram that outside air temperature changes corresponding cloud amount can be inferred and survey to the relation of outside air temperature variation of variations in temperature and the actual measurement of this time period of certain time period at 9.5 (cloudy daies) according to cloud amount.
Fig. 6 utilizes standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element shown in Figure 1 to generate one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations figure that tries to achieve by sin essence following formula according to the normal temperature change information.
Outside air temperature when Fig. 7 is sunny changes the key diagram of the relation of mean value and outside air temperature predicted value.
Fig. 8 is cloud amount is handled example with respect to the pro-rata of outside air temperature changing value a key diagram.
Figure 9 shows that the pie graph of other example of air conditioning control device that the present invention is relevant.
Figure 10 shows that the pie graph of air conditioning control device in the past.
[label declaration]
3 ... sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element, 4 ... the building parameter storage unit, 5 ... the sunshine amount arithmetic element, 6 ... the radiation temperature arithmetic element, 7 ... the PMV arithmetic element, 8 ... the design temperature arithmetic element, 9 ... air conditioner, 10 ... the variations in temperature computing unit, 12 ... standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element, 13,16 ... thermometer, 14 ... cloud amount prediction arithmetic element, 15 ... normal temperature change information memory cell, 17 ... hygrometer, 18 ... airspeedometer, 21 ... outdoor temperature changes memory cell.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to description of drawings example of the present invention.
Figure 1 shows that the pie graph of the relevant air conditioning control device of the present invention one example.In addition, in the figure, describe for the additional same label of the part identical with Figure 10.
This air conditioning control device setting obtains variations in temperature computing unit 11 and the standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element 12 that the necessary computing of prediction cloud amount is used with parameter information.Variations in temperature computing unit 11 is taken into outside air temperature from the thermometer 13 outside the building waits processing is set every the stipulated time, according to last outside air temperature and outside air temperature this time, try to achieve changing value, supply with cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14 with parameter information as computing every the outside air temperature of stipulated time.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 represent that the whole day of some day is sunny, whole day is cloudy, the variation of the outside air temperature changing value of whole day rain and outdoor air humidity.In addition, the outside air temperature changing value (℃) for example be, because at 4 o'clock in the morning or at 5 o'clock in the morning in the sunrise moment are that temperature is minimum in one day, therefore outside air temperature that should the time is 0 ℃ as the outside air temperature changing value, will be drawn as curve every 1 hour and whole one day outside air temperature changing value.
By these figure as can be known, to change figure different because of the weather of sunny, cloudy, rain etc. for indoor air temperature.In addition, the outdoor air humidity of rainy day is very high.Have again,, then can obtain outside air temperature variable condition shown in Figure 4 if change the change situation of studying the outside air temperature changing value of whole day when sunny month day.By this Fig. 4 as can be known, even when the day moon changes, outside air temperature changes figure also much at one.In this case, suppose that sunrise outside air temperature changing value constantly is 0 ℃, change the changing value of the outside air temperature of figure, just can infer the weather of this day easily according to outside air temperature.In addition, according to outdoor air humidity, can infer is the weather that rains, or is continuing under the high slightly state of humidity, and can infer is the considerable cloudy day of cloud amount.
Therefore, one day weather is so long as not rapid variation, just can be according to the changing value and the outdoor air humidity of outside air temperature, be easy to infer the weather of that day, simultaneously when weather sharply changes, because the changing value of outside air temperature also changes, the weather in the time of therefore also can inferring rapid the variation in this case.
The aforesaid standards outside air temperature changes arithmetic element 12 according to by calendar information being information such as date and the azel that waits the sun that obtains constantly and the normal temperature change information that cloud amount determined based on multiple weather that pre-deposits normal temperature change information memory cell 15, prediction standard outdoor air temperature variations value is supplied with cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14 as computing with parameter information.
If the Weather information of delivering according to the meteorological Room, by the normal temperature change information that cloud amount determined, no matter then the variation of season such as spring, summer, autumn, winter and each month, the maximum temperature in a day is not too big with the variations in temperature of high and low temperature in the period of the examination investigation whole.Certainly, sunny with cloudy maximum temperature is different with the temperature difference of minimum temperature.That is, the maximum temperature when sunny and the temperature difference of minimum temperature are big, the having a narrow range of temperature during cloudy day.Therefore, if with the relation numeric representation of weather and cloud amount, then, just can grasp and the corresponding cloud amount of the variation of outside air temperature according to the variations in temperature state that each cloud amount determined and the variable condition of outside air temperature.In addition, so-called cloud amount is the apparent ratio that is covered by cloud for whole skies, roughly available following such numeric representation.
" sunny " conduct is smaller or equal to 1 for the cloud amount of the ratio of whole skies.
" fine " cloud amount is smaller or equal to 8 more than or equal to 2.
" the moon " cloud amount is more than or equal to 9.
By the way, Figure 5 shows that, suppose that cloud amount in hour of 9 o'clock～10 o'clock morning is that 0.5 o'clock normal temperature changing value (one day the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of minimum temperature) when being sunny is 2 ℃, cloud amount be 9.5 o'clock promptly the normal temperature changing value the during cloudy day be 1 ℃, in this case, if utilize the outside air temperature changing value of thermometer 13 actual measurements for example to be assumed to be 1.5 ℃, then because 1.5 ℃ of outside air temperature changing values are 2 ℃ of normal temperature changing values and 1 ℃ median, therefore if pro-rata is calculated, then can be predicted as cloud amount=cloud amount 0.5+ ((9.5-0.5)/2)=5.
Therefore, in normal temperature change information memory cell 15, no matter the variation of season or each month, the cloud amount of storing one day for example are the temperature difference of the maximum temperature of 0.5 (sunny) and minimum temperature is that normal temperature changing value information and same one day cloud amount for example are that the maximum temperature at 9.5 (cloudy daies) and the temperature difference of minimum temperature are normal temperature changing value information.Here, so-called normal temperature changing value information, be according to the meteorological Room deliver for example pass by during sunny in 1 year and the various weather at cloudy day are measured maximum temperature and minimum temperature, and normal temperature changing value information is equivalent to the temperature change value that the temperature difference of this whole maximum temperature when sunny and minimum temperature obtains divided by the fate of for example collection.But, not necessarily must be in 1 year, also can be every half a year or during seasons such as spring, summer, autumn, winter.
Standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element 12 adopt electric calendar information be information such as date and the azel that waits the sun that obtains constantly and deposit in normal temperature change information memory cell 15 by normal temperature change information that cloud amount determined etc., generate the standard outdoor air temperature variations of representing with the curve of sin in fact shown in Figure 2.
Aforementioned cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14 adopt by variations in temperature arithmetic element 11 obtain every the outside air temperature changing value of stipulated time and the standard outdoor air temperature variations value of trying to achieve according to the normal temperature change information that standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element 12 generates by cloud amount determined, according to regulation operational formula described later, prediction cloud amount cc is the value in from 0 to 9.5 the scope for example, supplies with sunshine amount predicting unit 3.In addition, to cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14 input outdoor air humidity (H), this is in order to judge whether it is that sunny, fine, cloudy weather in addition promptly rains and input.Outdoor air humidity (H) near 100% state under, as shown in Figure 3, be judged as rainy, with the scope of cloud amount cc=9.5～10 promptly for example cloud amount cc=10 supply with sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3.
Have again, the air conditioning control device that the present invention is relevant, identical with Figure 10, sunshine amount arithmetic element 5 is set.Sunshine amount arithmetic element 5 according to by calendar information front-month, day, the time, solar incident angle that branch is tried to achieve and the building positional information that deposits building parameter storage unit 4 in (representing the latitude, longitude of building position etc.), the decision position of sun, position of sun according to this decision, try to achieve sunshine amount Io, supply with sunshine amount predicting unit 3.
Sunshine amount premeasuring arithmetic element 3 is for the sunshine amount premeasuring Io from 5 inputs of sunshine amount arithmetic element, employing is from the cloud amount cc of cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14, utilization is calculated sunshine amount predicted value I based on the correction operational formula of aforementioned formula (1), to 6 inputs of radiation temperature arithmetic element.
Outside air temperature T that radiation temperature arithmetic element 6 is measured according to the sunshine amount predicted value I that is tried to achieve by sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3, with thermometer 13 and the indoor temperature of measuring with thermometer 16 are calculated wall window by the sunshine of storage in the building parameter storage unit 4 and outer wall and are propagated the next radiation temperature that becomes heat exchange temperature from the inner surface of wall etc. to indoor human body radiation.
PMV arithmetic element 7 adopts aforesaid six input variables, according to the comfort equation of model lattice, tries to achieve the comfort index pmv value.PMV arithmetic element 7 adopts well-known in the past technology, for example adopts aforementioned patent document 1 described neuron PMV arithmetic element etc., tries to achieve neuron PMV.Design temperature arithmetic element 8 is tried to achieve the indoor temperature setting value according to the refreshing first PMV that utilizes aforementioned patent document 1 described PMV arithmetic element 7 for example to try to achieve, and sets as the target temperature of air conditioner 9 then.
The following describes the action situation of above such air conditioning control device that constitutes.
At first, with variations in temperature computing unit 11, be taken into outside air temperature from thermometer 13 every stipulated time t (for example a hour).Here, if establish outside air temperature that the last time is taken into be * (T (t-1), the outside air temperature that this time is taken into is * T (t), then outside air temperature changing value Δ * T (t) [℃] calculate by following formula:
Δ*T(t)＝*T(t)-*T(t-1) ……(2)
In the formula, * T (t) is the outside air temperature filter value, establishes symbol * and represents filter value.
In addition, * T (t) is tried to achieve by * T (t)=α T * T (t)+(1-α T) * * T (t-1).α T is the filter constants of the level and smooth usefulness of outside air temperature.Filter constants adopts the adjusted value smaller or equal to 1, makes outside air temperature T (t) not become extreme value.
In addition, in standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element 12, employing by calendar information be date and the information such as azel that constantly wait the sun that obtains, deposit in normal temperature change information memory cell 15 by normal temperature change information that cloud amount determined etc., utilize following formula (3) to try to achieve standard outdoor air temperature variations value Δ ∧ T (t with corresponding each the cloud amount cc of multiple weather; Cc).
ΔΛT(t；cc)＝ΛT(t；cc)-ΛT(t-1；cc) ……(3)
In the formula, ∧ T (t; Cc) be cloud amount cc constantly normal temperature presumed value of t [℃], for example as shown in Figure 6, be divided into four sections, promptly before (1) 0:00～sunrise constantly; (2) sunrise constantly～the highest outside air temperature (tmax) constantly; (3) the highest outside air temperature moment～sunset constantly; (4) after the sunset constantly～and 24:00, predict one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations value of sin in fact.In addition, according to one day normal temperature change profile, because sunrise is minimum temperature constantly, therefore establishing this sunrise standard outdoor air temperature variations value constantly was 0[℃].In addition, because one day the highest outside air temperature is up to 15 o'clock constantly from 14, therefore be under 14 o'clock the situation establishing aforesaid (2) the highest the highest moment of outdoor air (tmax), this time period of 14 o'clock～15 o'clock is utilized the maximum temperature changing value that is somebody's turn to do the standard outdoor air temperature variations value of (2) trying to achieve and remains unchanged, and aforementioned (3) the highest outside air temperature was made as 15 o'clock constantly, was made as till the 15 o'clock～sunset constantly.
(1) before 0:00～sunrise constantly
ΛT(n，t；cc)＝(Tss-1(cc)-Tsr0(cc))×sin[{(t+24-tss)/(tsr+24-tss)/2+1}×π]+T(n-1，tss)
In the formula, n represents the same day, the outside air temperature of the sunset that Tss-1 (cc) expression is relevant with the building position, the outside air temperature of the sunrise that Tsr0 (cc) expression is relevant with the building position, tss represents sunset time, between tsr represents at sunrise, T (n-1, tss) expression the previous day the sunset temperature.Utilize this arithmetic expression, infer the variable condition of the standard outdoor air themperature of the curve (1) that is equivalent to Fig. 6.Here, as previously mentioned, establishing sunrise minimum temperature constantly is 0[℃].
(2) sunrise constantly～the highest outside air temperature (tmax) constantly
ΛT(n，t；cc)＝ΔT?day(cc)/2×sin[{(t-tsr)/(tmax-tsr)-0.5}×π]+ΔT?day(cc)/2+T(n，tsr)
In the formula, Δ Tday (cc) is the maximum temperature of cloud amount 0.5 that deposits normal temperature change information memory cell 15 in and the normal temperature change information of minimum temperature, and tmax is 14 o'clock, and (n tsr) is the sunrise temperature on the same day to T.Utilize this arithmetic expression, infer the state of the standard outdoor air temperature variations of the curve (2) that is equivalent to Fig. 6.
In this arithmetic expression, be to establish the highest outside air temperature (tmax)=14 o'clock constantly, but owing to be the highest outside air temperature between 14 o'clock～15 o'clock, the therefore curve (2) that obtains of the use value that becomes the highest normal temperature change information (A) of trying to achieve, and remain unchanged.
(3) the highest outside air temperature moment～sunset constantly
ΛT(n，t；cc)＝ΔT?day(cc)/2×sin[{(t-tsr)/(tmax-tsr)-0.5}×π]+T(n，tmax)-ΔT?day(cc)/2
Utilize this arithmetic expression, infer the state of the standard outdoor air temperature variations of the curve (3) that is equivalent to Fig. 6.
(4) after the sunset constantly～24:00
ΛT(n，t；cc)＝(Tss0(cc)-Tsr+1(cc))×sin[{(t-tss)/(tsr+24-tss)/2+1}×π]+T(n，tss)
Utilize this arithmetic expression, infer the state of the standard outdoor air temperature variations of the curve (4) that is equivalent to Fig. 6.
Then, utilize aforementioned arithmetic expression (3), try to achieve standard outdoor air temperature variations value Δ ∧ T (t; Cc).
Use as mentioned above (1)～arithmetic expression of (4) obtains when sunny, and one day the outside air temperature variation prediction value X-X as shown in Figure 7 of (cloud amount=0.5) represents, if the mean value (O-O) that a plurality of outside air temperatures that obtain during with past actual sunny change compares, to change mean value approximate in fact for one day outside air temperature variation prediction value and actual outside air temperature as can be known.
In addition, the t of cloud amount cc standard outdoor air themperature presumed value ∧ T (n, t constantly; Cc) [℃] be to carry out computing for the situation of cloud amount 0.5 when sunny (), but for cloud amount 9.5 (cloudy day) too, be divided into many curves, infer standard outdoor air themperature presumed value ∧ T (n, t; Cc) [℃].
Equally, utilize aforementioned arithmetic expression (3), obtain the standard outdoor air temperature variations value Δ ∧ T (t that is determined by cloud amount 9.5 (cloudy day); Cc).
Then, with one day each standard outdoor air temperature variations value Δ ∧ T (t constantly of the cloud amount 0.5 of asking ∧ to get as mentioned above and cloud amount 9.5; Cc) to 14 inputs of cloud amount prediction arithmetic element.
This cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14 adopts the standard outdoor air temperature variations value Δ ∧ T (t of cloud amount=0.5 of being tried to achieve by aforementioned arithmetic expression (3); Cc) and the standard outdoor air temperature variations value Δ ∧ T (t of cloud amount=9.5; Cc) and the outside air temperature changing value Δ * T (t) that tries to achieve by the arithmetic expression of aforementioned (2), handle, infer cloud amount according to pro rate shown in Figure 8.What Fig. 8 illustrated is the content same with Fig. 5.
But therefore cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14 for example utilizes following arithmetic expression (4) owing to also must consider outdoor air humidity (H) in addition, tries to achieve cloud amount presumed value ∧
Cc(t)=0～10.
Λcc(t)＝f(*cc(t)，H(t)) ……(4)
The cloud amount presumed value ∧ of this arithmetic expression (4)
Cc(t) expression is as cloud amount calculation filter value * cc (t) and outdoor air humidity H (t) ℃) function try to achieve.
Therefore, utilizing before aforementioned arithmetic expression (4) infers cloud amount presumed value ∧ cc (t), at first utilize following arithmetic expression (5) to calculate cloud amount calculation filter value * cc (t).
*cc(t)＝αcc×cc(t)+(1-αcc)×*cc(t-1) ……(5)
The α cc of this formula is that cloud amount is smoothly used filter constants, and cc (t) is the cloud amount operation values.
In addition, the cloud amount operation values cc (t) of aforementioned arithmetic expression (5) utilizes following arithmetic expression (6) to try to achieve.
cc(t)＝(0.5-9.5)×(Δ*T(t)-ΔΛT(t；cc＝9.5))/(ΔΛT(t；cc＝0.5)-ΔΛT(t；cc＝9.5))+9.5 …(6)
In addition, in formula (6), Δ * T (t) for the outside air temperature changing value of the moment t that tries to achieve with variations in temperature arithmetic element 11 [℃], Δ ∧ t (t; Cc) for the standard outdoor air temperature variations value of the cloud amount cc that tries to achieve with standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element 12 [℃].
Yet, utilize aforementioned formula (5) and formula (6), it is the cloud amount operation values of trying to achieve between the cloud amount～cloud amount 9.5 that comprises cloud amount 0.5 and cloud amount 9.5 shown in Figure 8, but under the situation that the computing structure of aforementioned formula (5) has exception is arranged, occur cloud amount smaller or equal to 0.5 and cloud amount more than or equal to 9.5 operation result.
Therefore, the cloud amount calculation filter value * cc (t) for exception occurs according to operation result returns aforesaid formula (4) and describes.According to the relation of ∧ cc (the t)=f in the formula (4) (* cc (t)), when now stating such cloud amount presumed value outside envisioning according to calculating of the cloud amount calculation filter value * cc (t) of formula (5), decide cloud amount presumed value ∧ cc (t) according to following regulation
(A) situation of ∧ cc (t)=0 ← (* cc (t)＜0).
This is for less than 0 situation according to the operation result of * cc (t).Though be in sunny state, for example become less than 0 under the situation about having owing to wind and other factor.
(B) ∧ cc (t)=0 ← in the situation of following such condition.
(a) daytime (the sunrise moment～sunset constantly)
The 1st condition: Δ * T (t)＞Δ ∧ T (t; Cc=0.5) time, the situation that the outside air temperature when promptly sunny is very high.
(b) night (after the sunset constantly～sunrise constantly before)
The 2nd condition: Δ * T (t)＞Δ ∧ T (t; Cc=0.5) time, the situation that the outside air temperature when promptly sunny is very high.
(C) ∧ cc (t)=10 ← (during the rainy day, H (t) 〉=Hrain)
This is not the operation result of * cc (t), is the result who judges according to outdoor air humidity (H).
(D)∧cc(t)＝10←(*cc(t)＞10)
At this moment be situation according to the operation result of * cc (t) greater than 10.
In addition, * cc (t) described in aforementioned (A)～(D) is a cloud amount calculation filter value, Δ * T (t) be standard outdoor air temperature variations value [℃], Δ ∧ T (t, cc) for by standard outdoor air temperature variations value that cloud amount determined [℃], Hrain is a rainy day judgment standard humidity [%].
Cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14 is utilized aforementioned formula (4) to formula (6) to wait and is tried to achieve after the cloud amount presumed value 0～10 that comprises exceptional value, import to sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3.Sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3 is utilized following arithmetic expression according to the cloud amount presumed value, prediction sunshine amount I (t).
I(t)＝(1-Λcc(t)/10)×I
0(t) ……(7)
In following formula, t be constantly [time], Io (t) is for depending on whole sunshine amount predicted values of position of sun.All sunshine amount predicted value Io (t) be according to calendar information front-month, day, the time and building positional information (representing the latitude, longitude of building position etc.) decide position of sun, calculate according to the position of sun of this decision again.
Then, day illumination prediction arithmetic element 3 according to aforementioned formula (7) try to achieve day illuminate predicted value I (t) after, this sunshine amount predicted value I (t) is introduced radiation temperature arithmetic element 6.Outside air temperature T that radiation temperature arithmetic element 6 is measured according to the sunshine amount predicted value I (t) that is tried to achieve by sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3, with thermometer 13 and the indoor temperature of measuring with thermometer 16 are calculated wall window that the building by storage in the building parameter storage unit 4 has and the outer wall radiation temperature that becomes heat exchange temperature to the indoor human body radiation heat transfer of air-conditioning object in building window and in the wall.About other wall, ground, the radiation temperature of ceiling,, carry out Heat Transfer Meter and calculate and obtain for example according to the direction wall surface temperature at sunshine of having tried to achieve.Then, radiation temperature arithmetic element 6 is supplied with PMV arithmetic element 7 after the area according to whole six faces on average calculates mean radiant temperature.The indoor humidity that PMV arithmetic element 7 adopts the indoor temperature measured by mean radiant temperature, with thermometer 16, measure with hygrometer 17, the amount of wearing the clothes of input setting and activity, the variable of forming with the air velocity of airspeedometer 18 measurements, utilize well-known in the past model lattice comfort equation, try to achieve the comfort index pmv value, send to design temperature unit 8 then.Design temperature arithmetic element 8 is tried to achieve the indoor temperature setting value according to the comfort index pmv value of trying to achieve with PMV arithmetic element 7, sets as the indoor target temperature of air conditioner 9 then.Air conditioner 9 sets value according to indoor target temperature, to the indoor air-conditioning that carries out, keeps comfortable air conditioner surroundings.
Thereby, according to above such example, because one day the maximum temperature of collecting during utilizing consideration continuous phase multiple weather, in the past to work as and the temperature difference of minimum temperature, try to achieve after the standard outdoor air temperature variations of each cloud amount, according to reaching the outside air temperature changing value that obtains every the stipulated time by the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined, infer cloud amount, and utilize this cloud amount of inferring to predict sunshine amount, thereby can the sunshine amount meter be set and can accurately predict sunshine amount.In the problem that sunshine amount timing existence is set be in the past, with the influence that is subjected to from adjacent many buildings, perhaps making sunshine amount according to the position of the adjacent building and the sun, corresponding great changes have taken place, then be difficult to be provided with the sunshine amount meter for low building in addition, but in the relevant air conditioning control device of the present invention, the sunshine amount meter is not set, and can accurately predicts sunshine amount, can solve problem in the past.
In addition, to import Weather information by manual type every day according to the weather forecast of the previous day in the past, but can not want the input operation of the Weather information of every day in apparatus of the present invention.Have, Weather information is according to the weather forecast of the previous day input again, but weather forecast itself is to be limited to the higher forecast of anticipation weather probability, is that the weather on the same day becomes very bad but a lot of examples are arranged, and perhaps the forecast of bright day gas became the cloudy day same day.In the relevant air conditioning control device of the present invention, can not import the Weather information of every day, and the sunshine amount of weather is considered in prediction.
As other example, be as shown in Figure 9, outside air temperature is set changes memory cell 21, to replace normal temperature change information memory cell 15 and standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element 12.
Change in memory cell 21 in this outside air temperature, storage in advance and the weather kind of anticipation are corresponding by one day standard outdoor air temperature variations value that multiple cloud amount determined.The weather kind of so-called anticipation be for example each season sunny, fine, the nether world is fine, Quan Yin, rain or the like.Here, each and corresponding each cloud amount of weather kind of anticipation promptly for example 0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0～9.0,10.0 for the past, collect in the past with the corresponding a plurality of variations in temperature of weather, the a plurality of variations in temperature mean values that calculate every kind of cloud amount are one day standard outdoor air temperature variations value, deposit outside air temperature in and change memory cell 21.
In addition, cloud amount prediction arithmetic element 14 is if accept morning 9 for example up to 10 o'clock one hour outside air temperature changing value from variations in temperature computing unit 11, then outside air temperature changing value that successively relatively should the time period with deposit in outside air temperature change memory cell 21 by standard outdoor air temperature variations value that should the time period in one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined, retrieval and the immediate standard outdoor air temperature variations of outdoor air changing value value, to be worth the cloud amount that corresponding cloud amount is estimated as the weather of present time section with this approaching standard outdoor air temperature variations, supply with sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element 3.
Therefore the 3 later processing of sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element omit because as hereinbefore here.
Thereby, according to this example, because the outside air temperature that changes according to each time period changes, from by one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined, find out the standard outdoor air temperature variations value of approaching tendency with this time period, to be worth corresponding cloud amount output, therefore can retrieve optimal cloud amount and output flexibly according to the weather that gradually changes with the standard outdoor air temperature variations.
In addition, the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned example, in the scope that does not break away from its main points, can carry out all distortion and also be implemented.
Claims (6)
1. air conditioning control device calculates the comfort index pmv value and takes out the desired temperature of air conditioner according to the comfort index pmv value that utilizes this to calculate according to the regulation input variable that comprises radiation temperature, it is characterized in that having
Variations in temperature computing unit every stipulated time counting chamber outer air temperature change value;
According to the normal temperature change information that is determined with corresponding each cloud amount of multiple weather, predict the standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element of one day standard outdoor air temperature variations value;
According to the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined of this standard outdoor air temperature variations unit prediction and the outside air temperature changing value of described variations in temperature computing unit calculating, infer cloud amount prediction arithmetic element with the corresponding cloud amount of this outside air temperature changing value; And
Adopt cloud amount that this cloud amount prediction arithmetic element infers and the sunshine amount that depends on position of sun, try to achieve the sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element of calculating the sunshine amount predicted value that described radiation temperature uses.
2. air conditioning control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Adopt the maximum temperature that determined with sunny and cloudy corresponding each cloud amount of weather and the temperature difference information of minimum temperature, as the temperature information of described standard.
3. air conditioning control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element generates one day standard outdoor air temperature variations of the curve of sin in fact that is equivalent to outside air temperature variation in a day according to the normal temperature change information.
4. air conditioning control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described cloud amount prediction arithmetic element when sunny cloud amount and the cloud amount at cloudy day as fixed value, the outside air temperature changing value that calculates according to described variations in temperature computing unit is with respect to the size by the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined of described standard outdoor air temperature variations arithmetic element prediction, the cloud amount value between described cloud amount when sunny and the cloudy cloud amount is inferred in the processing that passing ratio distributes.
5. air conditioning control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described cloud amount prediction arithmetic element is taken into outdoor air humidity, infers the cloud amount and the output that are determined by rain, when the cloud amount of inferring in described cloud amount prediction arithmetic element becomes the cloud amount that surpasses anticipation in addition, and the output regulation cloud amount that is predetermined by way of exception.
6. air conditioning control device calculates the comfort index pmv value and takes out the desired temperature of air conditioner according to the comfort index pmv value that utilizes this to calculate according to the regulation input variable that comprises radiation temperature, it is characterized in that having
Variations in temperature computing unit every stipulated time counting chamber outer air temperature change value;
Storage in advance changes memory cell with the outside air temperature of one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that the corresponding multiple cloud amount of envisioning of weather kind is determined;
Outside air temperature changing value in certain certain hour that more described variations in temperature computing unit calculates and described outside air temperature change one day the standard outdoor air temperature variations value that each cloud amount determined of storing in the memory cell, and according to this standard outdoor air temperature variations value that equates, infer the cloud amount of cloud amount and predict arithmetic element;
Adopt cloud amount that this cloud amount prediction arithmetic element infers and the sunshine amount that depends on position of sun, calculate the sunshine amount prediction arithmetic element of trying to achieve the sunshine amount predicted value that described radiation temperature uses.
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| JP2005-183585 | 2005-06-23 | ||
| JP2005183585A JP4461064B2 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2005-06-23 | Air conditioning controller |
| JP2005183585 | 2005-06-23 |
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| CN108758976A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-06 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Control method, device and the air-conditioning with it of air-conditioning |
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| AT505216B1 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2011-06-15 | Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh | OPERATING ADJUSTMENT OF A HEAT PUMP |
| JP2011137612A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-14 | Toshiba Corp | Device for calculating solar radiation and air conditioning control system |
| JP5727714B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2015-06-03 | 株式会社東芝 | Power control system |
| CN101825327B (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2012-03-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for acquiring optimum air-conditioning system operation parameters based on weather forecast |
| WO2011158363A1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-22 | 株式会社四国総合研究所 | Solar radiation intensity prediction system and photovoltaic power generation output prediction system |
| JP2013057476A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-03-28 | Toshiba Corp | Pmv estimating device and program thereof |
| JP2013108644A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-06-06 | Toshiba Corp | Device and method for controlling air conditioning, and control program |
| CN102589092B (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2014-06-18 | 山东建筑大学 | Indoor-environment thermal comfort control method based on novel fuzzy controller |
| DE112012006518B4 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2024-05-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Air conditioning management device, air conditioning management method and program |
| CN103017297A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 李克豪 | Air-conditioning system operation method based on weather change |
| JP6091243B2 (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2017-03-08 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| US9879874B2 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2018-01-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Air-conditioning system control apparatus |
| CN103307700B (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2016-01-20 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Based on air-conditioning system and the control method of human comfort |
| CN104566760B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2017-07-18 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Temprature control method and device |
| CN104501351B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2017-06-06 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | The temperature correction of air-conditioner and air-conditioner |
| JP6467953B2 (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2019-02-13 | 中国電力株式会社 | Temperature prediction system, temperature prediction method and program |
| CN104764141B (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2019-01-29 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | air conditioner temperature control method and air conditioner |
| CN104949273B (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2018-02-16 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | A kind of air-conditioner control method, controller and air conditioner |
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| EP3495747A4 (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2019-07-31 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Air-conditioning control system |
| JPWO2019146067A1 (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2020-06-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Control systems, air conditioners and servers |
| CN109506341A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Method for adjusting balance temperature of air conditioner and air conditioning equipment |
| JP2021042885A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2021-03-18 | シャープ株式会社 | Server, air conditioning control system, control method and control program |
| CN111829147A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-27 | 五邑大学 | Human comfort analysis method and device and storage medium |
| CN112556117A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioner control method and system and electronic equipment |
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| CN108758976A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-06 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Control method, device and the air-conditioning with it of air-conditioning |
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| JP4461064B2 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
| JP2007003096A (en) | 2007-01-11 |
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