CN1884321A - AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid preparation method - Google Patents

AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid preparation method Download PDF

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CN1884321A
CN1884321A CN200610044559.XA CN200610044559A CN1884321A CN 1884321 A CN1884321 A CN 1884321A CN 200610044559 A CN200610044559 A CN 200610044559A CN 1884321 A CN1884321 A CN 1884321A
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monomer
dispersion
salt
water
preparation
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CN100487006C (en
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武玉民
王玉鹏
于跃芹
陈庆芬
许军
陈爱砚
马祖余
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing AMPS anionic copolymer water-dispersible system, which is a multi-stage water-dispersible polymerization with pH between 1 to 4. The method takes 1-50 mol% of at least one water soluble anionic vinyl monomer and at least one 50-99 mol% non-ionic vinyl monomer as raw material; taking hydrophobic monomer as adjuvant co-polymerization monomer, with its consumption being 0.1-5% of total weight of monomer; taking water soluble anionic monomer as dispersing agent, taking salt of high and low discrete series as phase separating agent, polyatomic alcohol compound as organic adjuvant dispersing agent, gas silica dioxide as inorganic adjuvant dispersing agent, oxidant- reducer- organic azo salt as composite initiating system (dropped for 2-5 times), and the consumption are 0.1- 5%, 5-40%, 0.05-5%, 0.05-10% and 0.001-5% of the total weight of dispersing system respectively. The proportion by weight of water soluble polymer in dispersing system is 5-40%, the relative molecular quality is high and stability is sound.

Description

The preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-molecular copolymer, colloid and interface and chemical technology interleaving techniques field, more particularly relate to the preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.This multipolymer is evenly dispersed in and forms micron-sized nonhomogeneous system in the salt brine solution by means of the specific chemical technology and the stabilization of dispersion agent.It is the thick colloidal dispersion system of a class, belongs to thermodynamic unstable system.
Background technology
Water-soluble anionic copolymers has extremely widely at numerous areas such as oil production, water treatment, papermaking, weaving, printing and dyeing, coal washing, medicine, sugaring, building materials, agriculturals to be used.
Traditional water-soluble polymers is exactly the aqueous solutions of polymers of dilution, or polyalcohol hydrogel.Along with the development of technology, the solid powdery product has appearred.Publication number be the Chinese patent of CN85102644A, CN1057057A and CN1168894A disclosed all be the aqueous solution polymerization in homogeneous phase of pressed powder product.The productive unit operation of powdery product is many, the production cycle is long, technical equipment is complicated, and has the relative molecular mass poor more contradiction that this is difficult to be in harmonious proportion of solvability of high polymers more, and easily forms the big micelle of indissoluble in dissolution process.These defectives have limited the use of polymer powder product and the development of polymerization technique technology thereof to a certain extent.
Inverse emulsion polymerization product solubility property is good, relative molecular mass and degree of hydrolysis can free adjustment, but preparation process need consume a large amount of organic solvents, and products obtained therefrom also needs breakdown of emulsion and decon to handle, and technology is more numerous and diverse.And in emulsion polymerization process, unavoidably to use organic substances such as mineral oil, tensio-active agent, the two addition accounts for about 30% of product weight.It is unnecessary that these organic substances are said so to the user, finally also will therefore also cause secondary pollution to environment when cost improves to environmental emission.
The aqueous dispersion polymerization technology is one of the research focus in international water-soluble polymer field.Its reaction principle is: monomer is dissolving fully in salt brine solution, and polymer particle does not dissolve in salt brine solution; Along with the carrying out of polyreaction, polymer particle increases gradually, will precipitate because of the salting-out effect of inorganic salt when its relative molecular mass increases to a certain threshold value, causes product and solution to be separated; By the stably dispersing effect of all kinds of organic or inorganic dispersion agents, the polymer particle that is settled out is evenly dispersed in forms micron-sized nonhomogeneous system in the salt brine solution simultaneously.This method has kept the advantage of solution polymerization, and heat of polymerization is easy to distribute, and system viscosity is little, and product rheology can be excellent; Polymerization process is easy to operate, polymkeric substance relative molecular mass narrowly distributing, and residual monomer is retained in the solvent substantially, helps obtaining the high-purity polymer product.With respect to other three kinds of polymerization techniques of water-soluble polymer, the aqueous dispersion polymerization technology belongs to eco-friendly macromolecule chemical industry technology, has huge development potentiality.
In recent years, Hesperian researchist has studied the preparation technology of aqueous polymer dispersion successively, dabbles fields such as negatively charged ion, positively charged ion and amphoteric ion type aqueous dispersed polymer.Calendar year 2001, people such as the loose island Shang Si of Japan are raw material monomer with N-vinyl formamide and acrylic acid derivative, are phase separation agent with ammonium chloride, are initiator with the water-soluble azo compounds, adopt the mode that once feeds intake to prepare negatively charged ion hydrophobic type aqueous dispersion, the several microns of multipolymer diameter.And people such as American scholar John Connors are starting monomer with acrylamide, acrylyl oxy-ethyl-trimethyl salmiac and acrylyl oxy-ethyl aminobenzyl ammonium chloride, with ammonium sulfate is phase separation agent, with modified starch and melon glue is dispersion agent, adopts disposable reinforced mode to prepare cationic polymeric dispersion system under high-speed stirring.In above two examples, because the restriction of disposable feed way, the preparation stability and the stability in storage of products obtained therefrom are relatively poor, the polymer particle size skewness, and the shelf lives is shorter.
U.S. Pat 3,658,772 disclose, and are phase separation agent with salts solutions such as sodium sulfate, sodium-chlor, adopt redox initiation system to cause terpolymers such as sodium acrylate, acrylamide and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate down at 25 ℃, obtained mobile better polymerization thing dispersion liquid.It should be noted that the pH value should be adjusted to 1~3.2 when reporting polymerization in this patent,, can produce not flowable gel product if the pH value is increased to 4 or higher.And, in 500, be higher than in the pH value under 4 the situation and fail to obtain stable dispersion liquid too in U.S. Pat 3,493.
Above-mentioned several example has been represented the research level of current aqueous dispersed polymer substantially.The disposable reinforced restriction and the selection problem of dispersion agent make these products all have stability problem to some extent.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and defect, and a kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid is provided.It adopts AMPS class monomer and acrylamide monomers is raw material, add water-soluble anionic polymer and make dispersion agent, add all kinds of organic auxiliary dispersants and inorganic auxiliary dispersants simultaneously, with oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt is composite initiation system, adopts multistage aqueous dispersion polymerization technology can prepare the aqueous polymer dispersion of relative molecular mass height, good stability in salt brine solution.
Present method is a composite dispersing agent with water-soluble anionic polymer, polyol compound and aerosil, is composite initiation system with oxidation-reduction-organic diazo salt, adopts the multistage polymerization technology, has made the stable polymer aqueous dispersion.It has overcome because disposable feeding in raw material reaches the product stability problems of using single dispersion agent to cause, and adopts composite initiation system, is easy to obtain the copolymer product of high molecular weight.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is in the pH value is 1~4 scope, by following material proportion, adopts multistage aqueous dispersion polymerization method polymerization:
A. be raw material with at least a water soluble anion vinyl monomer of 1~50mol% and the nonionic ethylene base monomer of at least a 50~99mol%;
B. make auxiliary comonomer with hydrophobic monomer, consumption is 0.1~5% of an above-mentioned total monomer weight;
C. make dispersion agent with water-soluble anionic polymer, consumption is 0.1~5% of a dispersion system gross weight;
D. with at least a chaotropic salt with at least aly make phase separation agent from the low salt of liquid sequence, consumption is 5~40% of a dispersion system gross weight;
E. make organic class auxiliary dispersants with multicomponent alcoholics compound, consumption is 0.05~5% of a dispersion system gross weight;
F. make the mineral-type auxiliary dispersants with aerosil, consumption is 0.05~10% of a dispersion system gross weight;
G. be composite initiation system with oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt, consumption is 0.001~5% of a total monomer weight, divides 2~5 droppings;
H. surplus is a water;
The weight percent of water-soluble polymers is 5~40% in the dispersion system of preparation.
Its preparation technology is as follows: partial monosomy, salt, dispersion agent and other auxiliary agent are dropped in the reactor, and the pH value of regulation system stirs and intensification, in nitrogen atmosphere, drips the part initiator.After reaction for some time, adopt the mode of multistage polymerization, add the monomer and the initiator of remainder in batches, isothermal reaction 6~8h reduces to the room temperature discharging at last.The finished product are the level and smooth liquid of oyster white, and are mobile, have good stability.Dispersed polymeres relative molecular mass of the present invention is usually 2,000, and in 000~20,000,000 scope, 20 ℃ of following brookfield viscosity are less than 2,000mPas.
Anionic vinyl monomer used in the present invention can be chosen in very wide scope.Used monomer should have vinyl or propenyl functional group, and comprises carboxyl, sulfonic group, phosphate or other anionic group, and the water-soluble alkali metal salts of above-mentioned substance, alkaline earth salt or ammonium salt.
Suitable water soluble anion vinyl monomer is selected from vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, 3-acrylamido-3-methyl butanol acid, maleic acid or styrene sulfonic acid, and the water-soluble alkali metal salts of above-mentioned substance, alkaline earth salt or ammonium salt.
Non-ionic monomer used in the present invention can be any uncharged vinyl monomer.Suitable monomers comprises acrylamide, Methacrylamide, N-N-isopropylacrylamide, N-t-butyl acrylamide or N methacrylamide.
The monomer consumption accounts for 5~40% of dispersion weight in the copolymer water dispersoid, generally selects 10~40%, and preferred 15~30%.
Nonionic ethylene base monomer can mix by arbitrary proportion with the anionic vinyl monomer, and according to the difference of various monomer ratios, the performance of the aqueous dispersed polymer that makes also is different.
The present invention selects for use hydrophobic monomer as auxiliary comonomer.Hydrophobic monomer is selected from C 2~C 32Alkyl ester, or have the compound of stiffening ring.Suitable hydrophobic monomer comprises the C of methylene-succinic acid 1~C 8Dialkyl monomer: dimethyl itaconate, dibutyl itaconate or dioctyl itaconate; Or the C of acrylic or methacrylic acid 1~C 32Alkyl ester monomer: ethyl propenoate, butyl acrylate, vinylformic acid stearyl or methacrylic acid stearyl; Or diene monomers: divinyl, chloroprene; Or sodium p styrene sulfonate, N-V-Pyrol RC.The hydrophobic monomer consumption accounts for 0.1~5% of total monomer weight among the present invention, generally selects 0.1~4%, and preferred 0.1~3%.
Hydrophobic monomer mostly has long hydrophobic chain link or stiffening ring unit.This can improve the rigidity and the regularity of polymer molecular chain from the microcosmic; And, the polymkeric substance that contains hydrophobic grouping in salt brine solution than the easier precipitation of polymkeric substance that does not contain hydrophobic grouping.From the macroscopic perspective analysis, a spot of hydrophobic monomer participates in polymerization, helps to improve the preparation and the package stability of aqueous dispersion.Aqueous dispersed polymer type and aqueous dispersion polymerization processing condition are depended in the selection of polymeric dispersant.Good dispersant should have stronger adsorption and be dissolvable in water in the dispersion medium on the polymer beads surface.
Under the condition without any dispersion agent, polymer beads may dissolve in the short period of time after formation, and the polymer dispersed system of preparation can produce the paste thing as the thin pulp shape, and retrogradation forms blob of viscose in the quite short time.Yet,, just produce stable dispersion particle as long as a small amount of suitable dispersion agent is joined in the polymkeric substance.Particle stabilizedization phenomenon in the dispersion polymerization has the feature of " spatial stability ".
Dispersion agent is selected from the homopolymer or the multipolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, contains volumetric molar concentration in this dispersion agent at least and be 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid of 10%, and this polymkeric substance can make by traditional aqueous solution polymerization technology.
This polymeric dispersant intrinsic viscosity in 1M NaCl is 0.1~12dL/g, is generally 0.3~10.0dL/g, preferred 0.5~7.0dL/g.
The consumption of dispersion agent accounts for 0.1~5% of whole dispersion weight among the present invention, is preferably 0.25~1.5%, and more preferably 0.4~1.25%.Dispersant dosage is too small, and polymkeric substance is not had due stabilization, and the polymer beads that is generated is with soluble in water, and solution viscosity increases, and what finally obtain is the polymkeric substance blob of viscose, rather than aqueous dispersion; And excessive when its consumption, the stabilization of dispersion agent can obviously not strengthen, and can cause the polymkeric substance relative molecular mass to reduce on the contrary.
The present invention adds polyol as organic class auxiliary dispersants in reaction system, the precipitation process of polymer beads is steadily carried out.
Organic class auxiliary dispersants that the present invention chooses is a polyvalent alcohol, comprises multifunctional ethanol: glycerine or polyoxyethylene glycol, or polysaccharide: modified tapioca starch, amylopectin, dextran or methoxycarbonyl Mierocrystalline cellulose.
The effect of organic class auxiliary dispersants is to be used as colloid protective agent at the polyreaction initial stage.In use, the consumption of organic class auxiliary dispersants accounts for 0.05~5% of dispersion system gross weight, selects 0.05~4%, preferred 0.05~2%.
The present invention uses aerosil as the mineral-type auxiliary dispersants.In aqueous dispersion, because the aerosil particle diameter is little, surface energy is high, they can be adsorbed on the surface of polymer beads, and form a top layer at particle surface, improve the hydrophobic dispersing property of polymkeric substance, use so can be used as inorganic dispersant.The aerosil addition is too much unsuitable, causes the system thixotropic property too strong because addition is crossed conference, and edge scissor shear force is not enough when causing disperseing, and is gelatin, influences dispersion effect.The consumption of aerosil is chosen to be 0.01~10% among the present invention, is preferably 0.05~7%, and optimized scope is 0.05~5%.
It is at least a from liquid sequence low salt and at least a chaotropic salt to be applicable to that phase separation agent of the present invention comprises.What the present invention chose comprises inorganic salt from the low salt of liquid sequence: vitriol, phosphoric acid salt, hydrophosphate or fluorochemical, or organic salt: Citrate trianion, acetate, tartrate.Positively charged ion also can produce certain influence to the solubleness of polymkeric substance, and it can be ammonium ion or alkalimetal ion and alkaline-earth metal ions, as lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium ion etc.But anionic copolymer and divalent-metal ion are (as Ca 2+) tendency that forms complex compound is arranged, so use salts of monovalent usually.The chaotropic salt that the present invention chooses comprises thiocyanate-, perchlorate, oxymuriate, bromate or nitrate, wherein preferred Sodium Thiocyanate 99, ammonium thiocyanate, potassium sulfocyanate, sodium perchlorate or sodium chlorate.The low excessively sedimentation that is unfavorable for polymer beads of phase separation agent concentration, and the too high dissolving difficulty that causes, and do not meet economic requirement.The phase separation agent consumption is 5~40% of a total dispersion weight, and is preferred 5~30%, more preferably 8~25%.
The present invention adopts the composite initiation system that oxidation-reduction-organic diazo salt is formed.Wherein oxygenant is ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate or hydrogen peroxide, reductive agent is S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, triethoxy amine or Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine, organic diazo salt is 2,2-azo two (2-amidine azoles quinoline base propane) two hydrochloric acid (V-044), 2,2-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride (ABAH) or 2,2-Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (AIBN).The present invention preferably adopts Potassium Persulphate, sodium bisulfite and 2, the composite initiation system that 2-azo two (2-amidine azoles quinoline base propane) two hydrochloric acid (V-044) are formed.The add-on of described composite initiator can change according to temperature of reaction, but consumption is generally 0.001~5% of total monomer weight.
Except above-mentioned substance, in preparation process of the present invention, also can use other additive, sequestrant is used for removing the foreign metal ion, in order to avoid disturb the activity of employed free radical catalyst, and be used to chain-transfer agent of regulating relative molecular mass etc.
Task of the present invention comes to this and finishes.
It is raw material that the present invention adopts AMPS class monomer and acrylamide monomers, add water-soluble polymers and make dispersion agent, add organic class auxiliary dispersants and mineral-type auxiliary dispersants simultaneously, with oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt is composite initiation system, adopts multistage aqueous dispersion polymerization technology to prepare the copolymer water dispersoid of relative molecular mass height, good stability in salt brine solution.But wide popularization and application.
Embodiment
Following embodiment further describes the present invention, but these embodiment do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.It is in the pH value is 1~4 scope, by following material proportion, adopts multistage aqueous dispersion polymerization method polymerization:
A. be raw material with at least a water soluble anion vinyl monomer of 1~50mol% and the nonionic ethylene base monomer of at least a 50~99mol%;
B. make auxiliary comonomer with hydrophobic monomer, consumption is 5% of an above-mentioned total monomer weight;
C. make dispersion agent with water-soluble anionic polymer, consumption is 3% of a dispersion system gross weight;
D. with at least a chaotropic salt with at least aly make phase separation agent from the low salt of liquid sequence, consumption is 5% of a dispersion system gross weight;
E. make organic class auxiliary dispersants with multicomponent alcoholics compound, consumption is 0.2% of a dispersion system gross weight;
F. make the mineral-type auxiliary dispersants with aerosil, consumption is 5% of a dispersion system gross weight;
G. be composite initiation system with oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt, the composite initiator consumption is 5% of a total monomer weight, divides 3 droppings;
H. surplus is a water;
The weight percent of water-soluble polymers is 5~40% in the dispersion system of preparation.
Its preparation technology is: earlier partial monosomy, salt, dispersion agent and other auxiliary agent are dropped in the reactor, the pH value of regulation system stirs and intensification, in nitrogen atmosphere, drips the part initiator; After reaction for some time, adopt the mode of multistage polymerization, add the monomer and the initiator of remainder in batches, isothermal reaction is 7 hours then, reduces to the room temperature discharging at last.
Said water soluble anion vinyl monomer is a vinylformic acid.
Nonionic ethylene base monomer is a N methacrylamide.
Hydrophobic monomer is C 2~C 32Alkyl ester or have the compound of stiffening ring, be the C of methylene-succinic acid 1~C 8The dialkyl monomer.
Dispersion agent is selected from the homopolymer or the multipolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, contains volumetric molar concentration in this dispersion agent at least and be 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid of 10%.
Organic class auxiliary dispersants is a polyvalent alcohol, comprises multifunctional ethanol: glycerine or polyoxyethylene glycol, mineral-type auxiliary dispersants are aerosil.
Phase separation agent comprises at least a from liquid sequence low salt and at least a chaotropic salt, and said is vitriol from the low salt of liquid sequence, and chaotropic salt is a thiocyanate-.
Oxygenant is an ammonium persulphate in oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt composite initiation system, and reductive agent is a S-WAT, and organic diazo salt is 2,2-azo two (2-amidine azoles quinoline base propane) two hydrochloric acid (V-044).
Embodiment 2.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.It is in the pH value is 1~4 scope, by following material proportion, adopts multistage aqueous dispersion polymerization method polymerization:
A. be raw material with at least a water soluble anion vinyl monomer of 1~50mol% and the nonionic ethylene base monomer of at least a 50~99mol%;
B. make auxiliary comonomer with hydrophobic monomer, consumption is 0.1% of an above-mentioned total monomer weight;
C. make dispersion agent with water-soluble anionic polymer, consumption is 5% of a dispersion system gross weight;
D. with at least a chaotropic salt with at least aly make phase separation agent from the low salt of liquid sequence, consumption is 30% of a dispersion system gross weight;
E. make organic class auxiliary dispersants with multicomponent alcoholics compound, consumption is 2% of a dispersion system gross weight;
F. make the mineral-type auxiliary dispersants with aerosil, consumption is 4% of a dispersion system gross weight;
G. be composite initiation system with oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt, the composite initiator consumption is 0.001% of a total monomer weight, divides 2 droppings;
H. surplus is a water;
The weight percent of water-soluble polymers is 5~40% in the dispersion system of preparation.
Its preparation technology is: earlier partial monosomy, salt, dispersion agent and other auxiliary agent are dropped in the reactor, the pH value of regulation system stirs and intensification, in nitrogen atmosphere, drips the part initiator; After reaction for some time, adopt the mode of multistage polymerization, add the monomer and the initiator of remainder in batches, isothermal reaction 8h reduces to the room temperature discharging at last then.
The water soluble anion vinyl monomer is 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid.
Nonionic ethylene base monomer is a Methacrylamide.
Said hydrophobic monomer is selected from C 2~C 32Alkyl ester or have the compound of stiffening ring, be the C of methylene-succinic acid 1-C 8The dialkyl monomer.
Dispersion agent is selected from the homopolymer or the multipolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, and the limiting viscosity of this dispersion agent in 1M NaCl is 0.5~7.0dL/g, and its consumption accounts for 0.1~5% of dispersion weight per-cent.
Said organic class auxiliary dispersants polyvalent alcohol is a polyoxyethylene glycol, and the mineral-type auxiliary dispersants is an aerosil.
Phase separation agent comprises at least a from liquid sequence low salt and at least a chaotropic salt, and said is phosphoric acid salt from the low salt of liquid sequence, and chaotropic salt is a nitrate.
Oxygenant in oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt composite initiation system is a Potassium Persulphate, and reductive agent is a sodium bisulfite, and organic diazo salt is 2,2-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride (ABAH).
Embodiment 3.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.It is in the pH value is 1~4 scope, by following material proportion, adopts multistage aqueous dispersion polymerization method polymerization:
A. be raw material with at least a water soluble anion vinyl monomer of 1~50mol% and the nonionic ethylene base monomer of at least a 50~99mol%;
B. make auxiliary comonomer with hydrophobic monomer, consumption is 3% of an above-mentioned total monomer weight;
C. make dispersion agent with water-soluble anionic polymer, consumption is 0.1% of a dispersion system gross weight;
D. with at least a chaotropic salt with at least aly make phase separation agent from the low salt of liquid sequence, consumption is 40% of a dispersion system gross weight;
E. make organic class auxiliary dispersants with multicomponent alcoholics compound, consumption is 0.05% of a dispersion system gross weight;
F. make the mineral-type auxiliary dispersants with aerosil, consumption is 0.05% of a dispersion system gross weight;
G. be composite initiation system with oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt, the composite initiator consumption is 4% of a total monomer weight, divides 5 droppings;
H. surplus is a water;
The weight percent of water-soluble polymers is 5~40% in the dispersion system of preparation.Its preparation technology is: earlier partial monosomy, salt, dispersion agent and other auxiliary agent are dropped in the reactor, the pH value of regulation system stirs and intensification, in nitrogen atmosphere, drips the part initiator; After reaction for some time, adopt the mode of multistage polymerization, add the monomer and the initiator of remainder in batches, isothermal reaction is 6 hours then, reduces to the room temperature discharging at last.
Soluble anionic monomers is 3-acrylamido-3-methyl butanol acid.
The non-ionic water-soluble monomer is N-N-isopropylacrylamide, N methacrylamide etc.
Said hydrophobic monomer is selected from C 2~C 32Alkyl ester or have the compound of stiffening ring, be sodium p styrene sulfonate, N-V-Pyrol RC.
Dispersion agent is selected from the homopolymer or the multipolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, contains volumetric molar concentration in this dispersion agent at least and be 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid of 10%.
Said organic class auxiliary dispersants polyvalent alcohol is a polysaccharide: modified tapioca starch, mineral-type auxiliary dispersants are aerosil.
Phase separation agent comprises at least a from liquid sequence low salt and at least a chaotropic salt, and said is hydrophosphate from the low salt of liquid sequence, and chaotropic salt is a bromate.
Oxygenant in oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt composite initiation system is a hydrogen peroxide, and reductive agent is a ferrous sulfate, and organic diazo salt is 2,2-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride (ABAH).
Embodiment 4.Present embodiment is set forth the preparation method of employed polymeric dispersant in the present invention.
In the 2L reactor, drop into 200g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, 1466g deionized water and 0.2g EDTA2Na successively.Stir and with mixture heating up to 45 ℃, the nitrogen that feeds 1000cc/min is with abundant expeling oxygen.Add 0.1gV-044, the 15min post-polymerization begins, and soltion viscosity increases.After stirring 4~5h, promptly get the homopolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid.The intrinsic viscosity that records this polymkeric substance in 1MNaCl is 1~4dL/g.
Embodiment 5.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.
It is to have agitator, temperature is taken into account in the reactor of condenser, add the 419.08g deionized water successively, 105.00g sodium sulfate, 135.00g ammonium sulfate, 5.00g potassium sulfocyanate, 60g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid homopolymer (12%, intrinsic viscosity is 3.76dL/g among the 1M NaCl), 62.7g acrylamide (AM), 27.2g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS), 6.00g butyl acrylate (BA), 2.70g50%NaOH solution, 0.15g EDTA2Na and 5.00g aerosil, 8.00g modified tapioca starch stirs and feeds simultaneously nitrogen.Solution is heated to 45 ℃, adds 1.92gK 2S 2O 8, 4.8gNaHSO 3, 1.00g4% V-044 solution.The 15min afterreaction begins, and forms the emulsus dispersion liquid.Behind 45 ℃ of following constant temperature 2h, progressively drip NaOH solution and the 0.05gEDTA2Na of 125.00g deionized water, 20.91g acrylamide, 9.09g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, 0.9g50% afterwards in the 1.5h.Continue reaction 1h down at 50 ℃, add the V-044 solution of 0.25g4% then.Be warming up to 60 ℃, add the V-044 solution of 0.25g4%, continue to reduce to the room temperature discharging behind the reaction 4h.
The AM/BA/AMPS terpolymer dispersion liquid brookfield viscosity that makes is 430mPas, and pH is 3.40, and relative molecular mass is 562.6 * 10 4, active matter content is 12%, the negatively charged ion degree is 30%.
Embodiment 6.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.
It is to have agitator, temperature is taken into account in the reactor of condenser, add the 419.08g deionized water successively, 105.00g sodium sulfate, 135.00g ammonium sulfate, 5.00g potassium sulfocyanate, 60g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid homopolymer (12% concentration, intrinsic viscosity is 3.76dL/g among the 1M NaCl), 59.32g acrylamide (AM), 30.58g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS), 6.00g butyl acrylate (BA), 2.70g50%NaOH solution, 0.15gEDTA2Na and 5.00g aerosil, 8.00g modified tapioca starch stirs and feeds simultaneously nitrogen.Solution is heated to 45 ℃, adds 1.92gNa 2S 2O 8, 4.8gNa 2SO 3, 1.00g4% V-044 solution.The 15min afterreaction begins, and forms the emulsus dispersion liquid.Behind 45 ℃ of following constant temperature 2h, progressively drip NaOH solution and the 0.05gEDTA2Na of 125.00g deionized water, 19.78g acrylamide, 10.22g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, 0.9g50% afterwards in the 1.5h.Continue reaction 1h down at 50 ℃, add the V-044 solution of 0.25g4% then.Be warming up to 60 ℃, add the V-044 solution of 0.25g4%, reduce to the room temperature discharging after continuing to stir 4h.
The AM/BA/AMPS terpolymer dispersion liquid brookfield viscosity that makes is 380mPas, and pH is 3.40, and relative molecular mass is 693.6 * 10 4, active matter content is 12%, the negatively charged ion degree is 15%.
Embodiment 7.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.
Having agitator, temperature is taken into account in the reactor of condenser, add the 259.26g deionized water successively, 105.00g sodium sulfate, 135.00g ammonium sulfate, 5.00g potassium sulfocyanate, 120g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid homopolymer (12%, intrinsic viscosity is 3.76dL/g among the 1M NaCl), 125.4g acrylamide (AM), 54.4g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS), 12.00g butyl acrylate (BA), 5.40g50%NaOH solution, 0.3gEDTA2Na and 5.00g aerosil, 8.00g modified tapioca starch stirs and feeds simultaneously nitrogen.Solution is heated to 45 ℃, adds 3.84gNa 2S 2O 8, 9.6gNa 2SO 3, 2.00g4% V-044 solution.The 15min afterreaction begins, and forms the emulsus dispersion liquid.Behind 45 ℃ of following constant temperature 2h, progressively drip NaOH solution and the 0.10gEDTA2Na of 90.00g deionized water, 40.82g acrylamide, 18.08g2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, 0.8g50% afterwards in the 1.5h.Continue reaction 1h down at 50 ℃, add the V-044 solution of 0.50g4% then.Be warming up to 60 ℃, add the V-044 solution of 0.50g4%, reduce to the room temperature discharging after continuing to stir 4h.
The AM/BA/AMPS terpolymer dispersion liquid brookfield viscosity that makes is 540mPas, and pH is 3.40, and relative molecular mass is 623.6 * 10 4, active matter content is 24%, the negatively charged ion degree is 30%.
Comparative Examples 1: according to embodiment 5 same way as, do not use aerosil and modified tapioca starch.The AM/BA/AMPS terpolymer dispersion liquid brookfield viscosity that makes is 390mPas, and relative molecular mass is 572.3 * 10 4, active matter content is 12%, the negatively charged ion degree is 30%.In the gained white dispersion liquid volume macrobead is arranged, place and layering occurs after 60 days.
Comparative Examples 2: replace K with V-044 2S 2O 8, NaHSO 3, V-044 composite initiation system, three times add-on is constant.The add-on of other component and operation, polymerizing condition are with embodiment 5.The AM/BA/AMPS terpolymer dispersion liquid brookfield viscosity that makes is 501mPas, and relative molecular mass is 430.5 * 10 4, active matter content is 12%, the negatively charged ion degree is 30%.
Embodiment 8.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.
Its sodium sulfate consumption is reduced to 78.75g, and the ammonium sulfate consumption is reduced to 101.25g, and simultaneously, amount of water increases to 560g for the first time.Like this, the phase separation agent consumption accounts for 18% of water dispersion gross weight.The add-on of monomer, dispersion agent and other component and operation, polymerizing condition are with embodiment 5.
The AM/BA/AMPS terpolymer dispersion liquid brookfield viscosity that makes is 312mPas, and relative molecular mass is 534.6 * 10 4, active matter content is 18%, the negatively charged ion degree is 30%.
Embodiment 9.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.
Present embodiment has been set forth the importance of inorganic salt in the aqueous dispersed polymer preparation process.
Sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate consumption are reduced to 0g.Amount of water increases to 740g for the first time.The add-on of monomer, dispersion agent and other component and operation, polymerizing condition are with embodiment 5.
Product conglomerate in stirring polymerization process as a result.
Embodiment 10.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.
Dispersion agent 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid homopolymer consumption is increased to 80g, and amount of water is reduced to 480g for the first time.The add-on of monomer, phase separation agent and other component and operation, polymerizing condition are with embodiment 5.
The AM/BA/AMPS terpolymer dispersion liquid brookfield viscosity that makes is 689mPas, and relative molecular mass is 596.3 * 10 4, active matter content is 12%, the negatively charged ion degree is 30%.
Embodiment 11.A kind of preparation method of AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid.
The importance of dispersion agent in the aqueous dispersed polymer preparation process has been set forth in this enforcement.
Dispersion agent 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid homopolymer consumption is 0g, and amount of water increases to 560g for the first time.The add-on of monomer, phase separation agent and other component and operation, polymerizing condition are with embodiment 5.The result produces the paste thing of thin pulp shape under the condition that no dispersion agent exists, and retrogradation forms blob of viscose in the quite short time.
It is raw material that embodiment 1~11 adopts AMPS class monomer and acrylamide monomers, add water-soluble anionic polymer and make dispersion agent, add all kinds of organic and inorganic supplementary additives simultaneously, with oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt is composite initiation system, adopts multistage aqueous dispersion polymerization technology can prepare the aqueous polymer dispersion of relative molecular mass height, good stability in salt brine solution.But present method wide popularization and application.

Claims (11)

1. the preparation method of an AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid is characterized in that it is in the pH value is 1~4 scope, by following material proportion, adopts multistage aqueous dispersion polymerization method polymerization:
A. be raw material with at least a water soluble anion vinyl monomer of 1~50mol% and the nonionic ethylene base monomer of at least a 50~99mol%;
B. make auxiliary comonomer with hydrophobic monomer, consumption is 0.1~5% of an above-mentioned total monomer weight;
C. make dispersion agent with water-soluble anionic polymer, consumption is 0.1~5% of a dispersion system gross weight;
D. with at least a chaotropic salt with at least aly make phase separation agent from the low salt of liquid sequence, consumption is 5~40% of a dispersion system gross weight;
E. make organic class auxiliary dispersants with multicomponent alcoholics compound, consumption is 0.05~5% of a dispersion system gross weight;
F. make the mineral-type auxiliary dispersants with aerosil, consumption is 0.05~10% of a dispersion system gross weight;
G. be composite initiation system with oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt, consumption is 0.001~5% of a total monomer weight, divides 2~5 droppings;
H. surplus is a water;
The weight percent of water-soluble polymers is 5~40% in the dispersion system of preparation.
2. according to the preparation method of the described AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid of claim 1, it is characterized in that preparation technology is: earlier partial monosomy, salt, dispersion agent and other auxiliary agent are dropped in the reactor, the pH value of regulation system, stir and intensification, in nitrogen atmosphere, drip the part initiator; After reaction for some time, adopt the mode of multistage polymerization, add the monomer and the initiator of remainder in batches, isothermal reaction 6~8h reduces to the room temperature discharging at last then.
3. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoids, it is characterized in that said water soluble anion vinyl monomer is selected from vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, 3-acrylamido-3-methyl butanol acid, maleic acid or styrene sulfonic acid, and the water-soluble alkali metal salts of above-mentioned substance, alkaline earth salt or ammonium salt.
4. according to the preparation method of the described AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid of claim 1, it is characterized in that said nonionic ethylene base monomer is acrylamide, Methacrylamide, N-N-isopropylacrylamide or N methacrylamide.
5. according to the preparation method of the described AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid of claim 4, it is characterized in that said hydrophobic monomer is selected from C 2~C 32Alkyl ester or have the compound of stiffening ring.
6. the C that comprises methylene-succinic acid according to the described hydrophobic monomer of claim 5 1~C 8The C of dialkyl monomer, acrylic or methacrylic acid 1~C 32Alkyl ester monomer, diene monomers and sodium p styrene sulfonate or N-V-Pyrol RC.
7. according to the preparation method of the described AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid of claim 1, it is characterized in that said dispersion agent is selected from the homopolymer or the multipolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, contain volumetric molar concentration in this dispersion agent at least and be 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid of 10%.
8. the method for preparing the described water-soluble anionic polymer dispersion agent of claim 7 is characterized in that the limiting viscosity of this dispersion agent in 1M NaCl is 0.5~7.0dL/g, and its consumption accounts for 0.1~5% of dispersion weight per-cent.
9. comprise multitube energy ethanol according to the described organic class auxiliary dispersants polyvalent alcohol of claim 1: glycerine or polyoxyethylene glycol, or polysaccharide such as modified tapioca starch, amylopectin, dextran or methoxycarbonyl Mierocrystalline cellulose.
10. according to the preparation method of the described AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid of claim 1, it is characterized in that said is vitriol, phosphoric acid salt, hydrophosphate, fluorochemical, Citrate trianion, acetate or tartrate from the low salt of liquid sequence, and chaotropic salt is thiocyanate-, perchlorate, oxymuriate, bromate or nitrate.
11. preparation method according to the described AMPS analog anion copolymer water dispersoid of claim 1, it is characterized in that oxygenant is ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate or hydrogen peroxide in said oxygenant-reductive agent-organic diazo salt composite initiation system, reductive agent is S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, triethoxy amine or Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine, organic diazo salt is 2,2-azo two (2-amidine azoles quinoline base propane) two hydrochloric acid, 2,2-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride or 2, the 2-Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate.
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