Background technology
Recently, thermoplastic resin has been applied to the material of the parts of electric or electronics, automotive fittings or chemical apparatus.Before this, use Al or Zn molded metal routinely.Yet these metals are existing to be replaced by thermoplastic resin, especially reinforced plastics.These thermoplastic resins that are particularly useful for the material of electric or electronic unit need higher thermotolerance and chemical resistant properties.Polyphenylene sulfide is one of resin that satisfies this requirement.Polyphenylene sulfide has good thermotolerance, dimensional stability, chemical resistant properties, flame retardant resistance and processing characteristics, so it goes for such use.
Yet polyphenylene sulfide has a kind of main shortcoming, that is, compare it with other engineering plastics and have relatively poor shock resistance.
In order to improve the shock resistance of polyphenylene sulfide, proposed various elastomericss are added the method for polyphenylene sulfide.
Japanese Patent discloses 58-154757 number and has disclosed the method that a kind of olefin copolymer that will contain epoxide group joins polyphenylene sulfide.
In addition, Japanese Patent discloses 1-306467 number and has disclosed a kind of polyphenylene sulfide composition, said composition be by in conjunction with polyphenylene sulfide, contain the olefin copolymer of epoxide group and a kind ofly do not have the elastomerics of epoxy and anhydride group to make.
Japanese Patent discloses 62-172056 number and has disclosed a kind of polyphenylene sulfide composition, and said composition is to obtain wherein olefin copolymer and unsaturated carboxylic acid, its acid anhydride or derivatives thereof graft copolymerization by mixing polyphenylene sulfide and olefin copolymer.
Yet these compositions that so prepare need the application of physical strength and shock resistance to remain not enough for some, thereby need in many cases further to be improved.
In order to overcome the problems referred to above, the present inventor has developed a kind of polyphenyl thioether resin composition, said composition comprises thermoplasticity polyphenylene sulfide, olefin graft copolymers, epoxy compounds and mineral filler, and said composition has the physical strength and the cantilever-type impact strength of improvement, keeps processing characteristics and dimensional stability simultaneously.
Yet though improved the shock resistance of above-mentioned composition, especially cantilever-type impact strength to a certain extent, the flame retardant resistance of polyphenylene sulfide is lowered.
Therefore, by olefin graft copolymers and fluorinated polyolefin resin are added the thermoplastic poly diphenyl sulfide, the present inventor has developed a kind of polyphenylene sulfide thermoplastic resin composition, said composition has good shock resistance and flame retardant resistance, keeps processing characteristics, dimensional stability, physical strength simultaneously.This polyphenylene sulfide thermoplastic resin composition can further comprise epoxy compounds and mineral filler.
Embodiment
(A) polyphenylene sulfide
The polyphenylene sulfide of Shi Yonging is a kind of polymkeric substance in the present invention, and this polymkeric substance comprises the repeating unit of the following structural formula of at least 70 moles of %.The polyphenylene sulfide that comprises the repeating unit of at least 70 moles of % has higher degree of crystallinity and enough thermotolerance and chemical resistant properties and good resistance to impact shocks.
Polyphenylene sulfide of the present invention can be straight chain (linear) polymkeric substance, side chain (branched) polymkeric substance or cross-linked polymer or its mixture.
A kind of method for preparing crosslinked polyphenylene sulfide is disclosed in Japanese publication 45-3368 number, and a kind of method for preparing the straight chain polyphenylene sulfide is disclosed in Japanese publication 52-12240 number, and it is incorporated herein with way of reference.
Polyphenylene sulfide of the present invention can comprise and be less than 50 moles of %, preferably be less than other repeating unit of the following structural formula of 30 moles of %:
In the present invention, consider the thermostability or the processing characteristics of this resin combination, under 2.16kg load and 316 ℃, the melting index of polyphenylene sulfide is preferably in 10 to 300g/10 minutes scope.If melting index is greater than 300g/10 minute, strength degradation then, and if melting index less than 10g/10 minute, then melting mixing (melt blendability) and processing characteristics will descend in melting mixing and injection molding technique.
(B) olefin graft copolymers
Olefin graft copolymers of the present invention is a kind of multipolymer, and this multipolymer is by graft polymerization (b
1) multipolymer (is that the olefinic monomer of 60-100% and vinyl monomer that weight ratio is 0-40% make by the polymerization weight ratio) and (b of 40 to 90 weight parts
2) 10 to 60 weight parts vinyl polymer and make.
The example that can be used for olefinic monomer of the present invention is ethene, propylene and butylene etc.These olefinic monomers can be united use separately or as mixture.
The example of vinyl monomer be (methyl) methyl acrylate, (methyl) ethyl propenoate, (methyl) butyl acrylate, with and and the mixture of maleic anhydride; Vinyl-acetic ester; Contain the vinyl monomer of epoxide group such as glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, ethyl propylene acid glycidyl ester etc.Among them, methyl acrylate, ethyl propenoate/maleic anhydride, vinyl-acetic ester, glycidyl methacrylate with and composition thereof be preferred.
Vinyl polymer (b
2) example be polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene, vinylbenzene and the monomeric multipolymer of vinyl cyanide base such as styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) with and composition thereof.
In the present invention, the usage quantity of olefin graft copolymers is 0.5 to 10 weight part.If usage quantity is less than 0.5 part, then can not obtain impact modified effect.If usage quantity surpasses 10 parts, then can not be implemented in the V-0 level flame retardant resistance at 0.8mm place.
(C) fluorinated polyolefin resin
The example of fluorinated polyolefin resin of the present invention be tetrafluoroethylene, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidenefluoride), tetrafluoroethylene/vinylidene fluoride (vinylidenefluoride) multipolymer, tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer and Tefzel.Fluorinated polyolefin resin can be united use separately or as mixture.
When extruding the resin combination that contains fluorinated polyolefin resin, fluorinated polyolefin resin works to form fibrillar network (O-fiber mesh network), cause during burning, reducing kinetic viscosity and increasing shrink grading, so that prevent sagging phenomenon (dripping phenomena).
(E) prepared by ordinary method according to fluorinated polyolefin resin of the present invention, for example, 7 to 71kg/cm
2And 0 to 200 ℃, preferred 20-100 ℃, and there is being free radical to form catalyzer as crossing (two) sodium sulfate, mistake (two) vitriolate of tartar or cross under the situation of (two) ammonium sulfate existence, this resin of preparation in water-containing solvent.
Use fluorinated polyolefin resin with emulsified state or pulverulence.Under situation about using with emulsified state, the dispersion of fluorinated polyolefin resin is good, but technology will be had a few complexity.Therefore, if fluorinated polyolefin resin can be evenly dispersed in the whole resin combination to form the fibrillar network structure, then preferably use the fluorinated polyolefin resin of pulverulence.
Preferred fluorinated polyolefin resin of the present invention is that average particulate size is that 0.05 to 1,000 μ m and density are 1.2 to 2.3g/cm
3Tetrafluoroethylene.
The usage quantity of fluorinated polyolefin resin is 0.1 to 10 weight part.If the usage quantity of fluorinated polyolefin resin is greater than 10 weight parts, then fluoride resin can not be dispersed in the resin combination, and it makes and is difficult to extrude.
(D) has the epoxy compounds of two or more epoxide groups
According to epoxy compounds of the present invention, it contains two or more epoxide groups in a molecule, represent with following general formula I:
R wherein
1And R
2Be C independently
6-8Aromatic yl group, n are 0 or natural number, preferred 0 or 1.
If use the epoxy compounds with an epoxide group, then resin combination can not obtain enough physical strengths and shock resistance.And if used epoxy compounds with four or more epoxide groups, then because jump reaction (abrupt reaction) would make resin combination have bad flowability.
Example with epoxy compounds of two or more epoxide groups is poly epihydric alcohol ether compound, poly epihydric alcohol amine epoxy compounds, bisphenol type epoxy compound, Bisphenol F type epoxy compounds, Resorcinol type epoxy compounds, tetrahydroxy Bisphenol F type epoxy compounds, cresols novolac-type epoxy compounds, phenol novolac-type epoxy compounds, alicyclic epoxide compound etc.Among them, consider the shock resistance or the extruding workability of resin combination, the bisphenol type epoxy compound is preferred.
Usage quantity with epoxy compounds of two or more epoxide groups of the present invention is 0 to 3 weight part.
(E) filler
In the present invention the filler of Shi Yonging comprise fibrous packing, fleut with and composition thereof.The example of fibrous packing comprises glass fibre, carbon fiber, Kevlar, potassium titanate fiber, silicon carbide fiber, wollastonite etc.The example of fleut comprises lime carbonate, silica, titanium dioxide, carbon black, aluminum oxide, Quilonum Retard, ferric oxide, molybdenumdisulphide, graphite, granulated glass sphere, talcum, clay mica (clay mica), zirconium white, Calucium Silicate powder, boron nitride etc.
The usage quantity of filler of the present invention is 0 to 70 weight part.
According to purpose (purposes), polyphenylene sulfide thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can further comprise other additive such as oxidation inhibitor, releasing agent, fire retardant, lubricant, tinting material such as dyestuff and pigment and a spot of various polymkeric substance.
Can prepare resin combination of the present invention by any currently known methods.For example, all components and additive are mixed, and extrude, be prepared into pellet form then by forcing machine.
Resin combination of the present invention can be applied to various moulding technologies, and forms various moulded partss.Especially these compositions are fit to be used for replacing being used for the electric or electronic unit of Mg or Al die casting, the material of precise part, and these parts need excellent mechanical intensity, processing characteristics and shock resistance.
The present invention may be better understood with reference to following examples, and wherein embodiment is used for illustrative purposes and should regard as limiting the scope of the invention by any way, and scope of the present invention is limited in claims.In following examples, except as otherwise noted, all umbers and percentage ratio all are by weight calculation.
Embodiment
The component of using in embodiment and comparative example is as follows:
(A) polyphenylene sulfide
The polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) that has used Japanese DIC company to produce, this resin has 50 to 100g/10 minutes melting index (MI) under 2.16kg load and 316 ℃.
(B) olefin graft copolymers
Used the Modiper A4400 (ProductName) of Nippon oil fats company.
(C) fluorinated polyolefin resin
Used Teflon (registered trademark) 7AJ of Dupont company.
(D) has the epoxy compounds of two or more epoxide groups
(d
1) have an epoxy compounds of two epoxide groups
Used the ERL-4221 (ProductName) of Union Carbide.
(d
2) have an epoxy compounds of three epoxide groups
Used the EOCN-104S (ProductName) of Nippon Kayaku company.
(E) filler
The glass fibre that has used Korea Owens Corning company to produce, its long fine diameter is 13 μ m, staple length is 3mm, and is handled with aminosilane and methacryloxy silane (as coupling agent), lubricant and tackiness agent.
Embodiment 1-4
Component as shown in table 1, antioxidant and thermo-stabilizer are added into conventional mixer, and then by the twin screw extruder extrusioning mixture, wherein L/D=36 and Φ=45mm are with the product of preparation pellet form.Utilize the 10oz injection moulding machine that the pellet of making is molded as sample at 320 ℃, measure flame retardant resistance and other physicals of sample then.
Comparing embodiment 1-4
Implement comparing embodiment 1-4 in the mode identical with embodiment 1-4, difference is to change the amount of every kind of component.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Comparing embodiment |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
(A) polyphenylene sulfide | 94 | 53 | 53 | 49 | 95 | 54 | 54 | 43 |
(B) olefin graft copolymers | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 15 |
(C) fluorinated polyolefin resin | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | - | - | - | 1 |
(D) epoxy compounds | (D
1)
| - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - | - |
(D
2)
| - | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | 1 | 1 |
(E) filler | - | 40 | 40 | 40 | - | 40 | 40 | 40 |
To and remain on 23 ℃ and relative humidity 50% in the placement of the sample among embodiment 1-4 and the comparing embodiment 1-4, the time is 48 hours, measures the physicals of sample then by following manner:
(1) flame retardant resistance: measure flame retardant resistance according to UL94VB, wherein thickness is 0.8mm.
(2) bending strength: measure bending strength according to ASTM D790.
(3) shock strength: measure band notched izod intensity (1/8 " breach) according to ASTM D256.Test-results is shown in the following table 2.
Table 2
| Embodiment | Comparing embodiment |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
UL94 flame retardant resistance (0.8mm) | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-1 | V-1 | V-1 | V-1 |
Bending strength (kg/cm
2)
| 1300 | 2450 | 2500 | 2500 | 1300 | 2450 | 2500 | 2200 |
Band notched izod intensity (kg cm/cm) | 2 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 2 | 12 | 13 | 11 |
As shown in table 2, compare with comparing embodiment 1, adopt the resin combination of the embodiment 1 of polyphenylene sulfide, olefin graft copolymers and fluorinated polyolefin resin to demonstrate excellent flame-retardant performance.In addition, the resin combination that further comprises the embodiment 2-4 of epoxy compounds and filler demonstrates the mechanical property of improvement.
Those of ordinary skill in the art can easily implement the present invention.Many improvement and change can think as in the scope of the present invention defined in the following claim.