CN1880756A - Generating-uncontrolled wind power generator with frequency-fixed voltage-stable output - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind generator with stable frequency and stable voltage output, wherein it is formed by a wind wheel for aerating the blade, the accelerator with vertical output axles, and two generators; the invention can avoid limiting the voltage frequency and power, to output stable voltage; the bias system uses straight motor; the generator is mounted inside the its room; the generator room is fixed on the tower support; the lower part of tower support is mounted with inverter sequence and the transformer for lifting and transmitting electricity, to form the wind force; the wind wheel drives the gear box to increase the speed synchronized with the generator to output electricity to the three-phase bridge rectifier; then the rectified current is fed into the inverter sequence; and the inverted 50H alternative current is fed to the transformer; the transformer keeps the stable voltage. The inventive generator can freely operate at the start and cut section, to output high voltage, without wasting wind resource.

Description

The wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output

What technical field patent of the present invention related to is the voltage stabilizing wind-driven generator of frequency output surely that freely generates electricity.

The utilization of background technique wind energy has thousands of years history, at least the Shang dynasty before 3,000 years, sailing boat has just been arranged just, the verse that the Tang Dynasty " is braved the wind and the waves the present sometimes; direct screening sail Ji the deep blue sea " is the real picture of Wind Power Utilization, is Wind Power Utilization advocated praise and pride.Except " sail is sailed a boat ", also has irrigation by pumping, husk rice abrasive dust or the like, to appearance from steam engine, the world begins after the industrialization, people are for pursuit speed and convenient, and the utilization and the research of wind energy is not had previous enthusiasm and input, then use the disposable mineral combustion energy on a large scale.Along with the asymptotic exhaustion of the mining industry energy, and the human harm of progressively recognizing the earth environment that the extensive use burning energy is depended on for existence to the mankind is the challenge to mankind itself's existence.People have to take up one's old trade again in order to continue significant progress and existence, hanker after clean wind energy once again.Some experts estimate that develop 1% of total wind energy, enough world energy sources is required.Along with China's modernization process is accelerated, supply falls short of demand to have occurred the energy at the moment.By existing development speed and energy development progress, estimate after 20 years that its energy breach is about 50% of the required energy according to the expert, for this reason, opening and keeping away new electric power energy field is the task of top priority that must take seriously.Wind energy is the clean renewable sources of energy, and is inexhaustible, is chosen as the new energy, stands in the breach.Eighties of last century eighties, the slurry of deciding of advanced country in the world drops into commercial the application apart from wind power generating set, becoming slurry the nineties comes out apart from wind-driven generator, fixed subsequently slurry is come out one after another apart from speed change, synchro wind generator apart from speed change, change slurry, but the technology of these generators is still progressively improving, up to the present still also have many aspects unsatisfactory, still have the problem and the shortcoming of the following aspects:

1, speed increaser and generator squeeze the heat radiation that in the airtight iron-clad utmost point is unfavorable for the component of electrical equipment and rotation simultaneously, influence the performance of the usefulness of unit, must increase by a cover refrigeration cooling system, help heat radiation can satisfy its normal operation;

2, generator together rotates with yaw system, and the monitoring system of a cover cable winding must be set, and cable is wound into to a certain degree, and the arrangement cable must be shut down, otherwise accident will be occurred, and by forced-stopping machine;

3, its variable speed generation, the generator of the formed big or small two kinds of power of the winding of two kinds of different magnetic poles logarithms on the same generator, power deviation is too big, is unfavorable for the transition switching, and when hanging down wind speed, Wind Power Utilization is low;

4, based on must keeping power transmission and transformation transformer reference value voltage once, keep frequency, power, voltage constant of generator, constraint has limited the ability of obtaining wind energy, and abandons wind energy in one's hands at once to a certain degree artificially;

5, decide frequency, permanent power for what keep generator, voltage stabilizing output is adopted to increase to become the slurry distance, or mechanical device such as flow spoiler fan blade, has not only limited obtaining of the energy, also increases the complexity of control system;

6, generation injures ability fatigue life to blower fan to resist the turbulent flow vibration, and its reason is that tooth case, generator are fixed on the rotary disk, itself is exactly vibration source, and turbulent flow easily causes vibration in addition;

7, blade adopts the rigid composite material quality big, and it is big apart from the device difficulty of processing that its hydraulic pressure becomes slurry, and blade is long, the surface requirements height, be afraid of clashing and breaking, transportation, installation difficulty and valency height, a whole set of wind wheel accounts for the 20%-30% of total input, is unfavorable for that the exploitation of high-power blower and the cost of blower fan descend.Thereby influence applying of wind-power electricity generation.

Summary of the invention the objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned many shortcoming, the wind power generating set that provides a kind of voltage stabilizing of freely generating electricity to export frequently surely.As shown in Figure 1 by wind wheel, speed increaser, yaw system, power generation system, power transmission and transformation system, power compartment, pylon, supervisor control, the generator set that brake system constitutes, it is characterized in that, the fan blade of wind wheel adopts softer material shell, in charge into the scheme of pressurized gas, speed increaser adopts the two-stage planet, one-level umbrella gear tuning, make the mutually perpendicular mode of input and output shaft, yaw system adopts the linear electric motor way of propelling, power generation system adopts two vertical layouts of variable-speed generator, its series operation, during generating to generator output voltage, frequency, power does not impose any restrictions, and lets alone free-running operation, only guarantees that by every means unit is operated in the optimum state, generator is loaded in the power compartment, and power compartment is loaded on the pylon top.Big generator is installed on top, and small generators is installed at the middle part, and the bottom is installed generating and monitored control cabinet, rectifier cubicle, power compartment and pylon by several pieces of bolton, and inverter and power transformer are installed in the pylon bottom, are described below respectively with regard to each system below:

Wind wheel, wind wheel by fan blade, seal, heat pump, wheel hub, snap ring flange form, fan blade is to be vulcanized through uniform temperature by the cord of high strength composite and rubber, produce in the high pressure mould according to the specification that designs, intimate with automobile tire, spaced-apart air chamber is arranged in it, seal with wheel hub through the snap ring flange and to be pressed on a time-out, can charge into pressurized gas respectively in the air chamber that respectively separates, blade strength is increased, its intensity is by formula: δ=∑ S _hP+ δ _KS _K(1), δ---blade strength, P---inflation pressure, δ _K---the selection of material allowable stress, ∑ S _h---air chamber sectional area sum, S _K---shell tire sectional area this shows, by gas pressure P and this stressed cross section ∑ S _hProduct and the product of the intensity of shell tire material and sectional area thereof with constitute strong integral body, to resist F=1/2 ρ CrSV ²(2) formed maximal destruction power: F---blade maximum weighted, ρ---air density, Cr---total pneumatic coefficient, S---projecting blade equals mean chord * paddle length to the area of surface of revolution, V---maximum wind speed, generally by the disaster wind-force of 50 years one chances, it is worth basis from different places to wind speed, the value difference during designing and calculating, get 60m/s, also get 70m/s.Prior art is the beam of being made by composite material, the outer then book composite panel of tiing up, filling timber or plastics in it, become blade, filler only play the book shell not by the effect of modification under the high wind effect, and to bulk strength, its role is very little, on the contrary, it has increased the quality of impeller, and big rotary inertia takies certain wind energy efficiency.And the existing filler quality of the quality of air is much smaller, and the intensity of its increase depends on air pressure, wants big many than the intensity of filling timber and other material.

Speed increaser, be on the basis of former two-stage planet axis and one-level parallel axes garden stud wheel turning gear roller box, to improve to form as shown in the figure, be to change the cylindrical gears that original final stage is exported into conical bevel gear, balance for complete machine, the triangle that it is the summit that the center of gravity of maintenance wind wheel, tooth case is positioned at three groups of footing fixing bolts, and as far as possible near the center, to keep the operation balance of blower fan, and increase one-level parallel axes cylindrical gears is as the output shaft of afterbody, though efficient descends to some extent, can produce beyond thought beneficial effect.One increases ratio coverage, helps the application of high-power wind mill.They are two years old; generator can be firm be fixed on the pylon; as long as guarantee the output shaft axle center; generator axle center and tower bucket center are point-blank; then wind wheel, tooth case are under the promotion of yaw system; to rotate around the generator axle center; to save a cover cable monitoring system; no longer vexatious for cable winding problem; the stopping accident that the fatigue damage that minimizing forms because of cable often moves causes; in the time of can not occurring again generating electricity, must shut down the thing that delays generating dutation that should not occur of arrangement cable.They are three years old, tooth case and generator can free from airtight iron-clad, heat radiation separately will be greatly improved, the tooth case only needs near the deep fat the high gear of bottom to pump into the fuel tank on top to cool off, and then by deadweight, injection tooth case sprinkle gets final product on upper bearing or gear, generator need not select sealed mode again, adopt openly, it is distinguished and admirable to rely on the smokestack effect of the barrel-shaped one-tenth of pylon to form, and it is enough for the heat that is produced when blowing away generating.Save complicated refrigeration system, tooth case, generator free maintenance and the maintenance that has also made things convenient for unit in secret room.Because the secret room and the generator weight that reduce help the startup and the brake of yaw system.They are four years old, because the generating function has benefited from solid restfully in the tower bucket, exempt from the hardship of the vibration that forms because of turbulent flow, tooth case footing is set up the hard rubber cushion, adding wind wheel blade is that the inflation body will play buffer function to the vibration that turbulent flow produces in the soft composite material, the unit body vibration is descended to some extent, thereby prolong the working life of unit.Its deficiency, the umbrella gear rotational efficienty is lower than cylindrical gears, and in the prior art, bevel pinion is generally single-ended shaft, and its force-bearing situation is similar to overhanging beam.Bevel pinion is fragile for this reason, and this programme is with bevel pinion also two ends shaft and bearing supporting is arranged, and can change stress like its overhang, but because the bevel pinion number of teeth is easily frayed much smaller than the large bevel gear number of teeth, for this reason, it is considered as easily damaged parts, and designs the structure that is convenient for changing.Be convenient to change certain time.The tooth case is provided with the cooling fuel tank, is connected by oil pipe with miniature oil pump, pump, fuel tank, tooth case, and there is electromagnetic valve control the centre, cooling when guaranteeing this cooling, and just stopping of should not cooling off cooled off.The yaw system system adopts ring-like planar slide, adopt linear electric motor to promote rotating disk, the rotating disk of carrying wind wheel tooth case slides on the retaining ring profile, fixed tray is fixed on the top of Dynamo Room post bucket, their sliding contact surface surface finishmentes are higher, and be provided with and inject the lubricant oil place, fixed tray has the wild card and the Nei Ka twice outpost of the tax office, make it under the maximum wind power effect, still be limited on the fixed tray, saved large size bearing of the prior art, size gear ring and two cover electric rotating machine and deceleration tooth casees thereof, though ring-like planar slide is rotated its friction ractor and is slightly larger than rolling bearing, but the yaw system of plane contact during to the generating after stopping to go off course set steady will play good effect, general wind speed can without strap brake also can be stable work, though the startup of driftage adopts rolling bearing to increase thrust because of friction ractor is slightly larger than, but the work of driftage is limited after all, main is that this programme and prior art compare, to significantly reduce machining amount, thereby the initial stage of minimizing significantly drops into, and reduces wind power cost.Linear electric motor have simplified equipment mechanism as pushing device, guaranteed the reliability of mechanism, and can accomplish to move contactless that mechanical parts do not have wearing and tearing, the reliable operation noise free, reduce amount of maintenance, structure of the linear motion actuator is simple, and is particularly secondary, sometimes can utilize the part of equipment own, radiating condition is good, and the available epoxy sealing becomes an integral body behind the elementary iron core rule, exempts from the infringement of harmful gas and tide temperature.Certainly linear electric motor also have unsatisfactory place, because cut-off at the primary air two ends, to produce edge effect longitudinally, thereby make its efficient and power factor low, also because the ratio of its electromagnetism air gap and pitch is bigger, common required magnetizing current is also bigger, but considers from integral body, because a whole set of transmission system is saved in the centre, so whole efficiency is low unlike the efficient of electric rotating machine.Another deficiency of linear electric motor is comparatively responsive to the fluctuation of supply voltage, and more constant startup thrust is often arranged, and therefore needs supply voltage stable accordingly.Because this programme linear electric motor are used in the top of power supply, its quality of voltage is unchallenged.

Free power generation system: the vertical installation of two generators, diaxon connects coupled in series by the hydraulic pressure connecting shaft, and this connecting shaft connects to control and puts into operation and stop transport.Generating output adopts magnetic switch to send into the three-phase bridge power rectifier.Its output direct current is as the DC electrical source of many groups three-phase inverter of series connection.Each inverter is exported the winding of sending into the boosting transformer correspondence by filter inductor, A.C. contactor contact, and transformer secondary enters electrical network.Every generator has the cover system of oneself, and this generator set will have slight (referring to the low-speed generator in the small generators), size (referring to big generator low-speed generator) with change of wind velocity, slight and big or small associating.Little big (referring to small generators high speed generator), (refer to big generator high speed generator) greatly, little big with unite greatly and little big and seven kinds of operations of operation generation mode of accurate certain hour only in 20% overload level greatly.They are starting wind speed in the whole time of excision wind speed, frequency, voltage and defeated turnout to generator are not done any restriction, let alone freely to generate electricity, the input computer carried out program calculating relatively after monitor control system was followed the tracks of output voltage, line voltage, wind speed, wind speed round, making the adjustment of the method for operation then selects, work in Ya Jia and the optimum state to be suitable for blower fan, thereby obtain maximum wind energy.We have known that it all is changeless deciding paddle pitch angle and rated speed that slurry rents apart from wind-driven generator.This restriction, make and have only any to have peak output coefficient (see figure 5) this point on the power curve of wind power generating set corresponding to a certain tip speed ratio, when wind speed changes, power factor also changes thereupon, and under the wind speed that changes, keep the peak output coefficient, must keep rotating speed constant, that is to say that the wind-driven generator rotating speed will be able to change with wind speed with the ratio of wind speed.Prior art is by adjusting slurry apart from restriction wind wheel speed, will lose wind energy for this reason, thereby to take be that the way that when wind wheel enters stall the unit wind wheel added load descends wind speed round to withdraw from stall to this programme.The wind power generating set that drives for the wind wheel of same diameter, generator rated speed can great changes have taken place for it, and the lower generator of rated speed has higher power factor when hanging down wind speed, the higher generator of rated speed has higher power factor when high wind speed, Here it is utilizes the basis of double speed generator, but rated speed is not the peak output coefficient settings that has during by rated wind speed.Because of wind-force unit and general generator set different, be not often to operate on the rated wind speed, and power is directly proportional with 3 powers of wind speed, as long as wind speed surpasses rated wind speed, power will significantly rise, this is uncontrollable for fixed slurry apart from wind-driven generator, in fact fixed slurry had just begun stall apart from wind power generating set before wind speed reaches rated wind speed, power factor is quite little during to rated wind speed, yet prior art adopts single double speed generator, because of the power of slowspeed machine and high-speed electric expreess locomotive output difference big, carry out the transition to big motor from small motor, or it is too steep to carry out the transition to the transient process of small motor from big motor, the excision conversion is cumbersome, it is desirable not to the utmost to obtain the best power coefficient, still have the energy of certain degree to lose, just take two double speed generators to carry out the power adjustment of power generation process for this reason, can change the defective of prior art preferably, make unit be operated in Ya Jia and the optimum state, under bigger power factor, move basically.Thereby obtain the more wind electricity energy.Because we do not take any restriction to generator, let alone free-running operation, but the electric energy that we send must be sent into electrical network again, and electrical network is so harsh to the networking condition, promptly to allow own generator fully freely bring into play its maximum capacity, observe the entry criteria of the public's electrical network harshness again, must conscientiously solve the contradiction of this opposition, and the power transmission and transformation system between only reliable generating of the solution of this contradiction and the electrical network has solved for this reason.

The frequency-fixed voltage-stable power transmission and transformation system, the superhigh voltage DC power supply of 500KV, be that 50 hertz of interchanges are connected to the grid through power converter with dc inversion then be mature technique, case of the present invention for this reason also take with generator output the wind-force electric energy through after the three-phase bridge rectification, be reverse into 50 hertz of sinusoidal acs through inverter, be transported to transformer, transformer is sent to electrical network again, because the existing mature technology of the flip flop equipment of inverter can directly adopt, this programme is no longer addressed on its schematic diagram and is not also provided, special explanation.And we will enter the also necessary promptly fixed admittable regulation of observing, most important two of its admittable regulation: 1, be that the frequency that exchanges must be consistent with mains frequency.2, be that voltage must keep and within the specific limits stable of electrical network, otherwise electrical network is damaged.Perhaps this generator set is damaged, as for output power? we regard electrical network as infinitely-great current field, at any time all can there be electric energy to enter and export, there is no need to stipulate necessarily to import the electric energy of firm power for this reason, because wind energy converts electric energy to, its wind energy itself is exactly a parameter, it is with countless changes in a nature amount, as long as the requirement of satisfying frequency and voltage of the sinusoidal ac after the inversion (also has phase sequence and phase place for this reason, but because of phase-sequence phase is that dead thing is a general knowledge, as long as the pretty good phase place of winding head and the tail is inerrable), just electrical network can have been entered, as for output power, power is the product of voltage and electric current, if the voltage that limits, output current has just just become parameter so, what its size reflected is the size of power supply capacity, according to Ohm's law, in circuit, electric current again with voltage relation in direct ratio, our invention scheme is taked the direct current of interchange after rectification with generator output for this reason, as main inverter and the total power supply of subordinate inverter, the main inverter output voltage is as the reference potential of output, then it is exceeded the part of reference potential, add through segmentation after the subordinate inverter inversion on the corresponding winding of transformer, enough which positions, just send on that winding, remain a constant magnitude of voltage (except the power network fluctuation) at the voltage of carrying transformer secondary to enter electrical network like this, the just increase of the transmission of electric energy power of transformer of adding up, the existing inverter of its frequency limits, and its voltage and frequency are constant for this reason, have so promptly satisfied and have gone into the electrical network condition, can send into electrical network to the excrescent electric power that blower fan sends at any time again, and can guarantee electrical network and unit safety operation.Here some that must emphasize, it is special that what pay attention to is that minimum output voltage Vmin with generator for electricity generation is as reference potential, we are decided to be this voltage, and to enter its secondary induction voltage of transformer just be the electrical network voltage rating, another is exactly that upper limit (UL) voltage can take place unit, upper limit (UL) voltage is with bis Vmax, another must know the voltage on every circle of transformer, be called Uza, these three parameters are main foundations that electricity is carried in segmentation, its hop count n=(Umax-Umin)/Uza ... (3), determine the series inverter number according to the n value, if n≤3, then select three groups of inverters, be Ue, 10%Ue, 20%Ue; If Ue, 10%Ue, 20%Ue, 30%Ue are then selected in n≤6; If Ue, 10%Ue, 20%Ue, 30%Ue, 50%Ue are then selected in n≤11; If Ue, 10%Ue, 20%Ue, 30%Ue, 50%Ue, 70%Ue are then selected in n≤18; If Ue, 10%Ue, 20%Ue, 30%Ue, 50%Ue, 70%Ue, 90%Ue are then selected in n≤27.The n value increases and must increase again, and the inverter number has and how much organizes inverter, carries transformer that corresponding winding just should be arranged, and taking into account inverter may cause and interfere with each other, and the winding on its corresponding transformer should be independently.The value of 10%Ue should be the magnitude of voltage on the transformer whole numbers of turns, be Uza integral multiple numerical value, each inverter output is filtered the inductance coil of higher harmonics to the three-phase ac contactor contact through shaping, another group contact of A.C. contactor connects corresponding Transformer Winding, the normally closed interlock of A.C. contactor connects the both ends of power of inverter, as the output end voltage of the generator 10%Ue that raise, when providing the A.C. contactor of control system appointment 10%Ue inverter to send electricity according to monitoring system, the A.C. contactor adhesive, on one side inverter output end is connected with corresponding transformer 10%Ue winding, its normally closed interlock disconnects simultaneously, make this contrary receiver obtain DC electrical source and come into operation, when generating voltage continues to raise to reach to be higher than Ue 20%Ue, then the 20%Ue inverter drops into, the 10%Ue inverter then withdraws from electrical network, if main inverter output voltage continues to remain on normal range (NR), just in operation in such cases, if generating voltage continues to raise, surpass 30%Ue, drop into the 30%Ue inversion, withdraw from 20%Ue, if voltage is higher than 40%Ue again, 10%Ue drops into again, continue to be higher than 40%Ue again, withdraw from 10%Ue, drop into 20%Ue, continue to exceed 50%Ue again, withdraw from 20%Ue, drop into 10%Ue, be to follow corresponding input and withdraw from a word along with the variation of generator for electricity generation voltage, remain the voltage that transformer is input into electrical network and be stabilized in predetermined range, how many subordinate inverter is no matter increases input, total generating output voltage but can not change, what change is the power supply capacity that generator set offers electrical network, the increase or the minimizing of electric current just are provided, no matter when generator increases or reduces, as long as within lit range, this power transmission and transformation system can both deliver power on the electrical network safely steadily, can not lose again, so much subordinate inverter is set, but real work probably has only 2 to 3 groups, and generator set is when all withdrawing from when treating that all inverters all put into operation.All the operation of inverter input is the highest is designed to 40 minutes, the big motor cooperations of two generatings and just in the time of overload in 20% rated power, the wind-power electricity generation standard, regulation generator overload 20% operation can not surpass 1 hour, and we to be set at 40 minutes be that safety margin is still arranged.Also can follow line voltage by above-mentioned adjusting method, mediating descends when line voltage, and inversion carries electric system to follow to make a response and electrical network is consistent.It exceeds specified electric power for this reason, can be used to fill the electrical network low ebb, has everything to gain and nothing to lose.Lose to one's profit many than taking measures.

Pylon: its top is the power compartment of post barrel shape, the bottom is the awl barrel shape, the intake grill door is left in the bottom, its intake grill stays in the bottom if unit is located at land, if pylon is in water, can can hold the pipe connection that the people comes in and goes out in one from the bottom air inlet mouth, pipe stretches out the water surface, is higher than the height that stormy waves can not be invaded and harassed, and pylon can connect with the segmentation of steel drum shape, large-scale unit can adopt reinforced concrete construction, intake grill must be left in the bottom, can be the pylon power compartment on to share, and big generator is adorned on top, middle part dress small generators, bottom dress rectification and control cabinet are established Deng Tadadeng and skin hand and flak jacket, large-scale unit on the inner wall of tower, can establish miniature elevator and use up and down, pylon bottom dress inverter and electric power boosting transformer for the maintainer.

Brake system: wind-driven generator, braking device has mature technology, the present invention program does not have novel manner to propose, still adopt ripe prior art, just because at impeller, thereby the rotary inertia that has reduced rotating part of employing new technology of aspects such as tooth case has braked load reduction, because no longer adopting, the present invention program becomes slurry distance and flow spoiler system simultaneously, substantially no longer adopt hydraulic-mechanic system in this system for this reason, the brake of driftage and impeller for this reason, preferably select electromagnetic brake system for use, if electromagnetic brake is difficult to satisfy the brake torque requirement, must select hydraulic pressure, can only increase pump valve, its fuel tank can be used the fuel tank on the tooth case, and two places are established in the wind wheel brake, the low speed end the tooth case to the wheel on, take root on rotating disk, speed end connects end at big motor hydraulic pressure connecting shaft, and brake two punishment of yaw system are located at the two ends crevice place of two linear electric motor.Take root in the bucket wall, the brake contact is linear electric motor secondary drum inwall.Two braking device center lines pass the cylinder center of circle, to keep the drum stress equalization steady.

Control system: all have aspect electric new technology to propose though the present invention program send in impeller, tooth case, driftage, generating, change, but not only the proposition of these technology does not increase the difficulty of control system, the opposite control system of also having simplified wind-power electricity generation, because whole startup wind speed is in the interval of excision wind speed, state to blower fan is allowed unrestrained freedom all the time, not limiting, is the tracking to wind direction, wind speed, generating voltage, inverter voltage, output voltage, line voltage and rotating speed.Calculate contrast carrying out sequencing in these information input computers, draw corresponding reaction, change to satisfy blower fan with wind speed and all to operate in Ya Jia and the optimum state constantly, thereby obtain bigger wind energy, owing to lose tracking control to fan blade angle, thereby make blower fan control in fact simplify many, from long-range viewpoint, if develop super-huge generator in the future, then three air chamber Yanzhong lines in the impeller can be separated and form 6 air chambers, by supervision, then by air pump and solenoid valve, to fan blade external form front end to the fan blade operation conditions, thickness, tortuosity etc. are carried out change slightly, so that fan blade all operates in the best power coefficient at any time, thereby obtain wind energy biglyyer.

Power supply on the rotating part is to provide by the slip ring above the linear electric motor, power supply on the impeller is to be provided by tooth case afterbody slip ring, can imagine the grand scene after this unit puts into operation, any fulmination all can enter the earth from superior the taking advantage of of blade both sides conductor, and blower fan will be brought into play freely during wind speed in lit range, do not miss the energy, run into irresistible wind-force, can lose no time to withdraw from, to save self from damage.Three red lights are being drawn circle on several meters high aerial these reason ground of bars that overflow, and inform aircraft, wheel boat driver away from my body, are the wind energy of people's serious hope cleaning for a long time of sending to of home because trickling on one's body from me.

Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the wind-driven generator figure of frequency-fixed voltage-stable output of freely generating electricity, Fig. 2 looks for the tooth case and cuts open figure, electric circuit theory diagrams are sent in the change of Fig. 3 frequency-fixed voltage-stable, Fig. 4 power factor and tip speed ratio λ graph of a relation, and Fig. 5 starches surely apart from the power curve of wind-driven generator and power factor plotted curve.

Among concrete enforcement Fig. 1,1 impeller, 2, tooth case (speed increaser), 3, big generator, 4, small generators, 5, the hydraulic pressure connecting shaft connects, 6, rotating disk, 7, fixed tray, 8, outer chuck, 9, interior snap ring, 10, send electric slip ring, 11, linear electric motor 1 time, 12, linear electric motor 2 times, 13, power supply slip ring brush holder, 14, supply with the impeller electric slip ring, 15, the little shape oil pump of tooth case oil heat radiation cooling, 16, rectifier cabinet, 17, control cabinet, 18, the inversion cabinet, 19, send piezoelectric transformer, 20, pylon, 21, power compartment (tower bucket), 22, the cooling fuel tank, 23, intake grill, 24, the small generators barge board, 25, big hydro-generator ventilation pipe.Large bevel gear 26.Bevel pinion 27.Output shaft 28.

Impeller 1 is connected wheel with the low speed end of tooth case 2.Impeller is by the shell tire, seal, air pump, wheel hub, the snap ring flange by several pieces of bolton together, and form in the shell tire can mutual independent injecting gas air chamber, the top of tooth case 2 is installed with fuel tank 22, be provided with miniature oil pump 15 between 22 and 2, to be the lubricant oil that will heat up in the tooth case extract out from high-speed bearing bottom in its effect, send into fuel tank 22 coolings, then by conducting oneself with dignity sprinkle on upper gear or axle, the afterbody of tooth case 2 is equipped with the slip ring that the impeller power supply is provided, be air pump, solenoid valve and navigation mark tutorial light provide power supply, brake disc is housed on the output shaft of tooth case 2 connects 5 with the hydraulic pressure connecting shaft that is connected big generator 3,5 the other end connects the axle of generator 3, the axle of generator 3, the ability of bearing two generator maximum outputs must be arranged, the tail end of the macro-axis of generator 3 is equipped with hydraulic pressure union joints similar with 5 but that power is different, this hydraulic pressure union joint the other end connects small generators 4,3 and 4 footing by clamping bolt be fixed on that crossbeam steel plate and power compartment bucket wall form separately between the chamber in, the hard rubber cushion is arranged, with as the buffering of impacting between Shun between its lower margin and iron plate.Iron plate above the beam, leave vent, from small generators chamber lateral opening, with tracheae bottom cold wind is introduced big generator bottom, big generator coil and iron core are fully cooled off, and the exhaust outlet of small generators is disposed a barge board, and the hot blast of small generators is being forced, from big Dynamo Room lateral opening, discharge, prevent that the small generators hot blast from increasing big generator-temperature detection.The footing of tooth case 2 is by the ebonite pad, tighten together with rotating disk 6,6 are located on the fixed tray 7, and outside and snap ring 8 are firm by several pieces of bolts, the splicing of snap ring sectional, so that maintenance is changed, snap ring and fixed tray leave certain interval, and inwall is embedded with blue or green steel plate, reach suitable gap is arranged between 6,7,8 by changing its plate, the rotation that is beneficial to yaw system is flexible, and is solid and reliable again, the surface finish law that 6,7,8 surface of contact is had relatively high expectations and certain lubricity.Interior snap ring 9 is equipped with in 6 bottom, 9 form for composite material and epoxy resin push in mould, certain intensity is arranged, insulating properties and magnetic conduction not, 9 section becomes T shape, stretch to one on barrel wall and play the effect of control rotating disk, 9 have seal ring with a bucket wall 21, play the excessive effect of lubricator that intercepts, the second side 12 of linear electric motor is installed in 9 bottom, the 12nd, aluminum steel composite sheet, by a bucket wall conductive hoop 10,10 being housed simultaneously and cooperating of snap ring 9 in the diametric plane outside the aluminium place with slip ring 13, for rotating part provides three-phase alternating-current supply, linear electric motor 11,11 are installed between 12 and 21 are fixed on 21, the bottom of small generators 4 is an electric panel room, installation and control cabinet 16 in it, with rectifier cabinet 17, its lower steel plate all leaves vent hole, for the heat radiation cooling.Power compartment 21, with the several pieces of firm tops of bolt at pylon 20,20 bottom is installed the inversion cabinet 18 and the boosting transformer 19 of two generators generator institute electricity is sent into electrical network, the linear electric motor fltting speed should be able to satisfy the low speed requirement of yaw system, if take the maximum pitch that allows still can't satisfy the low speed requirement, then can take big electric current uniformly-spaced the gap power supply mode of time solve.

The wind power generating set of forming with two generators of 1000KW and 600KW is that the overall process of power adjustment and frequency-fixed voltage-stable output power transmission and transformation is described below in the concrete enforcement of example below:

Suppose: the startup wind speed is 2.5m/s, and the excision wind speed is 28m/s, pressure regulation hop count n=11, inverter is provided with Ue, 10%Ue, 20%Ue, totally 5 groups of 30%Ue, 50%Ue, the high-speed engine in the big generator volume is 4 grades, rated power is 1000KW, and the low-speed generator in the big motor is 6 grades, and rated power is 200KW, small generators high speed generator is 4 grades, rated power 600KW, low-speed generator is 6 grades in the small generators, rated power is 150KW.

When wind speed in the stipulated time, continue to reach 2.5m/s, yaw system starts, and wind wheel is aimed at the direction that wind transducer provides.Two-stage hydraulic pressure connecting shaft connects oiling, and the high low speed two-stage brake of impeller is unclamped, and impeller begins rotation, and when rotating speed reached 150KW generating function output minimum output voltage, 150KW output dropped into electrical network.Along with the increase of wind speed, wind speed round increases, and when recording, wind speed continues to increase, and rotating speed no longer increases, or slightly descends, then explanation, and fan blade has entered stall.Then drop into the 200KW generator, 150KW withdraws from generating, afterwards if wheel speed begins to rise, and the 200KW generator also can be exported minimum voltage, then continue operation with regard to this state, after if 200KW generates electricity up, wheel speed begins to rise, illustrate that then fan blade has withdrawed from stall, keep the state operation, rise when the wind speed continuation, fan blade enters stall again, keeps under the 200KW generator operating conditions, drop into the 150KW unit, just this moment, unit moved under 350KW power, and wind speed continues to increase, and impeller enters stall again, 200KW, 150KW withdraws from electrical network simultaneously, when treating that wind wheel speed reaches 4 grades of generator metasynchronism speed, throws the 600KW generator, can occur as a same reason, the 600KW isolated operation, 1000KW isolated operation, 1600KW operation, 1920KW operation (accurate its operation 40 minutes), we set, and when wind speed reaches 26 or 27m/s, yaw system starts, wind wheel is advanced to 0 generating angle, await a favorable opportunity,, reach the excision wind speed if wind speed continues to increase, then supervisory system instruction blade tail chamber venting, then the blade afterbody makes the blade afterbody form spoiler in the wind-force effect, and wind wheel speed is descended rapidly, then the same lock at present of two-stage brake, make the wind wheel stall, yaw system is pushed into 0 generating angle with impeller, and when wind speed begins to descend after 26m/s-27m/s continues for some time, wind wheel will come back to the best angle of facining the wind and continue operation.It is few running into the excision wind speed generally speaking, and at most also just the arriving of tropical storm several times is like this in 1 year, and wind speed is from dropping to low wind speed at a high speed, then just conversely, just after invading and harassing, start blower fan once more, must charge into pressurized gas to blade tail chamber earlier through the excision wind speed.Then lock to be descended earlier when 4 grades of generator for electricity generation during to 6 grades of generator transition, when wind speed decreased being arrived allow wind speed, 6 grades of generatings could be dropped near 6 grades of generators.Should avoid putting the indoor gas of tail as far as possible.

Work as generator output voltage, when the electricity of 50 hertz of interchanges after the direct current of over commutation is elevated to contrary electrical equipment inversion exceeds the voltage 10% of electrical network, just voltage 1 surpasses to 10%Ue (Ue is defined as inverter output is reached can make and becomes the voltage that device is exported the electrical network voltage rating for 2 times), then the 10%Ue inverter puts into operation, its output enters electrical network, when height exceeds 20%Ue outside the generating voltage, 20%Ue drops into, the 10%Ue inversion is withdrawed from, its pressure regulation operation overall process is: Ue:Ue+10%Ue, Ue+20%Ue, Ue+30%Ue, Ue+10%Ue+30%Ue, Ue+20%Ue+30%Ue, Ue+10%Ue+50%Ue, Ue+20%Ue+50%Ue, Ue+30%Ue+50%Ue, Ue+10%Ue+30%Ue+50%Ue, Ue+20%Ue+30%Ue+50%Ue, Ue+10%Ue+20%Ue+30%Ue+50%Ue, when all inverters all drop into, just whole blower fan is soon all off line, can only move 40 minutes at most, all dropped into last 40 minutes that are actually 1920KW work, the decline of generating voltage deducts inverter adjustment conversely successively.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable output of freely generating electricity, it is characterized in that: comprise having the wind wheel of inflating blade, the orthogonal raising speed tooth of input and output shaft case, the generator of two vertical its tandem shafts, three-phase bridge rectifier direct current, the inverter of power supply series connection, boosting transformer, the yaw system that linear electric motor promote, power compartment, pylon constitutes.

2, according to the wind-driven generator of the described frequency-fixed voltage-stable output of freely generating electricity of claim 1, it is characterized in that having inflate blade wind wheel by the shell tire, seal, air pump, wheel hub constitute.

3, according to claim 1, the wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output is characterized in that: the input shaft of the mutually perpendicular raising speed tooth of input and output shaft case wheel and impeller are linked, the tooth case is fixed on the rotating disk.

4, according to claim 1, the wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output is characterized in that: the three-phase alternating-current supply of its three-phase bridge rectifier comes from wind-driven generator, and inverter is supplied with in direct current output.

5, according to claim 1, the wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output, the generator that it is characterized in that two vertical its tandem shafts connects by the hydraulic pressure connecting shaft with the output shaft of tooth case and links to each other.

6, according to claim 1, the wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output, it is characterized in that: the inverter group that has the series connection of main inverter and a plurality of subordinate inverter direct current source to constitute, its power supply is connected to generator output on the DC electrical source behind the rectifying and wave-filtering, and inverter output 50H sinusoidal ac is received on the winding of boosting transformer correspondence by the A.C. contactor contact through inductance coil.

7, according to claim 1, the wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output, it is characterized in that: many group windings are arranged on the boosting transformer, be connected corresponding to the pressure value of exporting on each inverter on each winding, the secondary transformation equates with line voltage and transports to electrical network.

8, according to claim 1, the wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output is characterized in that: the volume boat system that linear electric motor promote, by rotating disk, fixed tray, outer snap ring, interior snap ring, linear electric motor once, the linear electric motor secondary constitutes.

9, according to claim 1, the wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output is characterized in that: Dynamo Room is the post barrel shape, and its barrel top is fixed tray fixedly, and Dynamo Room is located on the pylon.

10, according to claim 1, the wind-driven generator of the frequency-fixed voltage-stable that freely generates electricity output is characterized in that: pylon is the awl barrel shape, and top and Dynamo Room tighten together.

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