CN1879572A - Inflatable device and method for reducing fractures in bone and in treating the spine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is directed to an inflatable device for use in restoring he anatomy of diseased or fractured bone. The inflatable device may be a balloon of varied size or shape to conform to the bone to be treated and may be deployed in any type of bone where collapsed fractures of cortical bone may be treated by restoring the bone from its inner surface. Once the bone has been sufficiently restored the balloons may be deflated and removed, or may remain inside the bone. The balloon may have multiple layers to provide desired surface characteristics, resistance to puncture and tearing, or other beneficial properties, as appropriate for the particular application of the device. The balloon comprises first and second components, wherein the first component is a barrier that forms a balloon wall and a second component is a reinforcing component extending over the first component. Making the reinforcing component as a braid can improve shape control in balloons having a tapered end or unsymmetrical geometry.

Description

Be used to reduce the distensible device and method of bone fracture and treatment vertebra

Invention field

The present invention relates to be used for the distensible device and method of orthopaedic surgery treatment bone, particularly be used to reduce the improved device and method of bone fracture and treatment vertebra.

Background of invention

It is known that the medicine air bag is used to expand and dredge to the tremulous pulse (percutaneous is through the coronary angioplasty in chamber) of heart blood transfusion and the tremulous pulse (Noncoronary Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty) that is used for except that coronary artery.In angioplasty, air bag is tightly around catheter shaft parcel, reducing its appearance profile as far as possible, and inserts the narrow section of tremulous pulse by skin.Usually by saline or radiopaque solution expanded balloon, saline or solution force to enter air bag by syringe.On the contrary, in order to return, with the air bag evacuation so that its collapse.

The medicine air bag also has been used for the treatment of bone fracture.In the U.S. Patent No. 5,423,850 of Berger a kind of such device is disclosed, a kind of method and apparatus that utilizes the tubulose bone of the fixing fracture of balloon catheter of this patent description.Air bag inserts away from fracture site by the otch in the bone, and uses lead-in wire to carry the not air bag of expansion by medullary cavity with through the fracture site of expansion.The air bag of expansion is firmly held in the position by the malleation on the bone marrow inwall that is added to bone.In case air bag is disposed, the conduit that adheres to pressurizes with graduated device for measuring force.Have the fastening aligning fracture of the conduit that is fixed on the air bag in the position and the nearly portion and the distal part of bone of fracture is pressed together.With screw or similar fixture the conduit of pressurization is fixed on the insertion position of bone then.

Can be understandable as the professional of correlation technique, the medicine air bag and the balloon catheter of new innovation there are lasting needs, to pointing to the ill balloon catheter equipment of treatment special needs are arranged with bone damage.More particularly, need a kind of low profile, high pressure, anti-medicine air bag that punctures and tear that can be used in the natural skeleton of the cortex bone that recovers injured.

Brief summary of the invention

The present invention points to a kind of distensible device of the skeleton of bone ill or fracture as the treatment vertebra that be used to recover.In one embodiment, this distensible devices is the conduit that air bag is equipped with on a top.According to desired purposes, this conduit and/or air bag can varying dimensions, shape or configuration.This device can be deployed in the bone of any kind, and wherein the fracture of collapsing of cortex bone can be treated by recovering bone from the bone inner surface.The example of these bones comprises without restriction: vertebral body, long bone, distally radius and tibial plateau.In addition, this distensible device also can be suitable as spinal prosthesis.For example, air bag of the present invention can design and make the implant that replaces intervertebral disc maybe can be used as distraction apparatus and intervertebral fusion.

The present invention makes and is particularly suitable for recovering the skeletal tissue of fractured bones, this fractured bones have enough normal cancellous volumes to comprise this device.This device make between about 40～about 400psi pressure, more preferably between about 200～about 300psi pressure and most preferably controllably expansion reliably under about 250psi pressure.The present invention includes a balloon catheter device, wherein this distensible container comprises an anti-air bag that punctures and tear.

In one embodiment, this distensible device has that one deck is anti-to puncture and tear material.In another embodiment, this air bag has the material of multilamellar or overbrushing layer.These layers or coating be can apply and desired shape, sensation, performance or outward appearance obtained.For example, these layers be can provide and desired texture, surface characteristic or color obtained.The example of surface characteristic comprises high friction surface or low-friction surface, and device enhanced gripping can be provided with the expansion of convenient device the time help the zone fixing this device or dispose this device.The skin of this distensible device or coating also can be hydrophobic or hydrophilic, depend on desired " wettability " degree.

In another embodiment, the present invention includes a kind of inflexible conduit, this conduit allows configuration and deployment tip the conduit of air bag to be arranged and the internal structure reinforcement needn't be arranged.This provides wonderful advantage to conduit, and improved surgical operation control and portion control air bag rotationally when comprising configuration air bag tip between summer time.

The shape of this distensible device and/or conduit can be curve form or other shape and make and allow to be easier near bone cavity or corresponding to bone parts to be recovered.In one embodiment, axial air bag is made has uniform protrusion waist and blunt far-end allowing the bone cavity wall airbag deployments facing to preparation, and helps when expanding expansion chamber internal pressure equably.In another embodiment, utilize the biasing air bag of a circular cross-section, and another embodiment utilizes a biasing air bag with noncircular cross section.In another embodiment, this air bag can be the crooked inwall with corresponding cortex bone.In another embodiment, use the conduit of a shape memory so that should be configured in better in right bone and the left bone by distensible device, or be configured in the left surface or right flank of bone with symmetric sagittal plane.

An embodiment uses at independent supravasal a plurality of biasing air bags.Can change the deployment and the expansion of air bag according to the surgical operation that the surgeon carries out.In one embodiment, dispose a plurality of air bags and recover cortex bone.Then, selectively expand one or more air bags, make and the bone filler can be injected the zone of being occupied by air bag previously.Bone can be filled in case the bone filler is gel or sclerosis fully in this zone, and remaining air bag can be collapsed equally.

In one embodiment, when air bag is collapsed, fill the bone filler by the space that the air bag of disposing captures.Preferably, the speed that the bone filler is filled in this zone is similar to the same speed that air bag is collapsed, and makes the volume in bone internal therapy zone keep equal approx.

In another embodiment, this chamber can be handled with encapsulant before or after airbag deployments.Use sealant can help to reduce or prevent the leakage of filler, or prevent that bone material or body fluid from infiltrating intracavity from intracavity.Usually, sealant comprises that cellulose protein or other can be used for the suitable natural or synthetic ingredient of this purpose.Sealing agent material can be transported on the wall of chamber by spraying, perfusion, flushing, top coating or other suitable mechanism, comprises sealant material is coated in the air bag outside as coating.The sealing agent also can at first be configured in the area for treatment, can use a distensible device outwards to promote sealant towards the chamber wall then.

In addition, this bone cavity can be poured and/or aspirate.The perfusion medium can comprise saline, water, antibiotics solution or other flushing inside bone and discharge the suitable liquid of chip.The suction bone cavity can be used to help to remove bone cavity may prevent that filler from fully disperseing or bone bits, lipid bone marrow and the blood products of possibility occlusion lumen.Each step of sealant, perfusion and suction can be selectable, and can be after air bag expansion before or carry out when not expanding fully.

The present invention also relates to a kind of method that reduces bone fracture, be included in and form a chamber in the injured bone, should insert this intracavity, expand this device by distensible device, make it can recover the part that collapse or that degenerate of this cortex bone, preferably bone is turned back to approximate its natural skeleton.In a preference, in the deployment of bone with expand in the part of this device and produce a chamber.In one embodiment, this chamber of perfusion before device inserts bone is so that remove bone marrow and cancellous bone from the zone that this device will be expanded.Should be distensible device insert bone and configuration, make the expansion of air bag will help the recovery of cortex bone.In case this cortex bone fully recovers, these air bags just can adjoining lands or are collapsed together.The bone filler can be added to the zone of being captured by air bag previously.Or, described in above-mentioned embodiment, can collapse one or more air bags and inject the bone filler simultaneously.

In another embodiment, after surgical operation is finished, this distensible device can be retained in the patient body one long-time.In an embodiment, this distensible device is retained in the bone of velamen treatment.This distensible device also goes for intervertebral disc replacement.Simultaneously filler is stayed the position but distensible device that is used for intervertebral disc replacement can be designed to absorb biology again or can be kept indefinite duration.The present invention can also be used for the distraction device suitably and be used for the synthetic homotransplantation sept of intervertebral fusion.

The accompanying drawing summary

Disclose preferred characteristics of the present invention in the accompanying drawing, wherein similar label is represented similar element, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 represents the perspective view according to a kind of medicine balloon catheter system of the present invention.

The perspective view of the air bag of Fig. 2 presentation graphs 1.

Fig. 3 represents along the sectional view of the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 represents the partial cross section figure along the longitudinal axis of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 represents the partial cross section figure along the longitudinal axis of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 represents the partial cross section figure along the longitudinal axis of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 represents the partial cross section figure along the longitudinal axis of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 represents the partial cross section figure along the longitudinal axis of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 represents the partial cross section figure along the longitudinal axis of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Fig. 1.

Figure 10 represents the sectional view perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air bag of Fig. 9.

Figure 11 represents the partial cross section figure along the longitudinal axis of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Fig. 1.

Figure 12 represents the sectional view perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air bag of Figure 11.

The perspective view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 13 presentation graphs 1.

The perspective view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 14 presentation graphs 1.

The front view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 15 presentation graphs 1.

The front view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 16 presentation graphs 1.

Figure 17 represents the plane graph of the conduit of Figure 13.

Figure 18 represents the plane graph of the enhancing insert that the conduit of Figure 17 is used.

Figure 19 represents along the amplification sectional view of Figure 18 center line 19-19.

Figure 20 represents along the amplification sectional view of the line 19-19 of another embodiment that strengthens insert among Figure 18.

Figure 21 represents along the amplification sectional view of the line 19-19 of another embodiment that strengthens insert among Figure 18.

Figure 22 represents along the amplification sectional view of the line 19-19 of another embodiment that strengthens insert among Figure 18.

Figure 23 represents along the amplification sectional view of the line 19-19 of another embodiment that strengthens insert among Figure 18.

Figure 24 represents along the amplification sectional view of the line 19-19 of another embodiment that strengthens insert among Figure 18.

Figure 25 represents to be used for the perspective view of example embodiment of enhancing insert of the conduit of Figure 17.

Figure 26 represents the partial cross section figure along the longitudinal axis of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Fig. 1.

Figure 27 represents the sectional view by the line 27-27 of Figure 26.

The perspective view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 28 presentation graphs 1.

The perspective view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 29 presentation graphs 1.

The middle perspective view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 30 presentation graphs 1.

Figure 31 represents the partial cross section figure of the longitudinal axis of the air bag of structure fully along Figure 30.

Figure 32 represents the sketch map of catheter configurations of the air bag of Figure 30.

The perspective view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 33 presentation graphs 1.

The perspective view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 34 presentation graphs 1.

The perspective view of another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 35 presentation graphs 1.

The plane graph of another embodiment of the balloon catheter of Figure 36 presentation graphs 1.

Figure 37 represents the sectional view by the line 37-37 of Figure 36.

The detailed description of preferred embodiment

In the following description, to any reference of orientation and direction predetermined mainly for convenience of description for the purpose of, and limit the scope of the invention never in any form.

Fig. 1 represents a kind of equipment 10 that is used for reducing according to method of the present invention bone fracture.Equipment 10 comprises an extension fixture 15, Y-connection 20, catheter shaft 25, air bag 30 and hub axle 35.As shown in Figure 1, air bag is at the far-end of arrangement anteposition in catheter shaft 25.The representative of apparatus shown in Fig. 1 can be used for instrument and other device with the air bag coupling.But these instruments may not be always to need maybe can to substitute by different device similar with finishing, functions that replenish or different.For example, an ordinary skill of this technology will be understood that this Y-connection 20 can substitute with various other suitable devices.

Air bag 30 can be used for handling with any bone even as big as the inner chamber that puts air bag 30.Be suitable for utilizing the unrestricted example of bone of the recovery skeleton of apparatus and method of the present invention to comprise medullary cavity, calcaneus and the tibial plateau of vertebral body, long bone.Air bag 30 can be designed to hold specific bone anatomical shape and different cavity shapes with being applicable to, these shapes can be made in these and other suitable big bone.

In addition, this air bag can design and make disposed and stayed in the bone cavity one long-time.For example, in case air bag is configured in the bone cavity, this air bag can be expanded with natural or synthetic bone filler or other suitable expansion fluid.In case be filled, this air bag is allowed to stay in the bone predetermined period or perhaps is to keep aperiodically.The time that air bag is stayed in the bone can be depended on by the specified conditions in the treatment bone or by handling the specific purpose that will reach.For example, this air bag can keep at intracavity and be less than one day, several days, a few week, several months or several years, perhaps even can forever keep in bone.Illustrate in greater detail as following, this air bag also can be suitable for as the outer prosthetic appliance of specific bone cavity, between two adjacent vertebraes.

In addition, the outer surface that can handle air bag with coating or texture is to help this air bag and on every side bone material and be combined into one more or to impel air bag to be easier to be accepted by patient.The selection of air bag material, coating and texture also has and helps prevent that air bag from being repelled by health.The inner surface of air bag can be handled the performance of improving air bag with texture or coating equally.For example, the inner surface of air bag can carry out the adhesion that texture is handled to be increased between airbag wall and the inner material.

In yet another embodiment, this air bag can be designed to the filler that injects air bag supplied with gel fully, sclerosis or solidify after can break, tear or otherwise open.Can remove air bag and filler is stayed inside from bone then.This method can form the bone filler is arranged on the subject zone more controllably.Also can allow the bone filler in being released to bone before preform at least in part.When may worrying the bone filler when impaired cortex bone spills, this may advantageous particularly, though have other also favourable situation of this configuration.

Or, can make airbag-releasing in the mode that allows filler to make expansion fluid can be released into intracavity or break.For example, can be scheduled to opening of air bag makes filler stream advance along the direction of wanting.In addition, it is interior up to its partial coagulation that this filler can remain on air bag, thereby the scope that the higher viscosity restriction filler of filler is advanced when balloon rupture.

This air bag also can be designed to and make in more in check mode inflation fluid is discharged in the chamber.For example, balloon catheter can be provided with a mechanism and comes to start the fracture process in the mode of high degree of controlled.In one embodiment, the seam of being scheduled in the air bag can damage immediately and break under certain pressure.In another embodiment, these seams are only just damaging after certain pressure, temperature or material expose for a long time.

The Technology professional will understand, have many methods to make airbag-releasing or break and and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.For example, have at least a part of air bag to dissolve, be discharged in the bone cavity up to filler.In another example, air bag can be fractured and harmlessly be incorporated the expansion fluid medium into.In another example, filler can be designed to can condense when its contact is applied to chemical treatments on the balloon surface.In another example, two air bags (or independent air bag that two chambers are arranged) can be designed and make two kinds of fluidic combinations of release, their react and generate a kind of inert filler at intracavity when the latter mixes.In another embodiment, the zones of different of seam or air bag can be designed to fracture under different predetermined pressures or in the different time.

Secondly, air bag can be designed to open with the method for any number.For example, in case air bag has reached the condition of desired bone filler, the surgeon just can be dissolved this air bag.Also can design and make one and be suitable for breaking and and expansion fluid discharged and directly contact, so that rive along predetermined seam with the chamber.These seams can be parallel to the longitudinal axis of air bag and remain in the air bag near-end and be fixed on the conduit.In another embodiment, these predetermined seams can be formed an independent spiral type seam, from the air bag far-end, finish at the air bag near-end, form a Fructus Citri tangerinae skin shape of having opened.

Can provide the method for other suitable air bag to dissolve air bag in a controlled manner.For example, can make an air bag that has the district of losing efficacy, this inefficacy district is suitable for preferentially occurring structural failure in a regional area under trigger condition.For example, air bag can have an inefficacy district that comprises than thin film.In another example, air bag can be designed to lack in a specific region stretch and strengthen element.In another example, a zone of air bag can comprise a kind of material that lost efficacy owing to chemical reaction.For example, this chemical reaction can be oxidation or reduction reaction, and wherein this material can self sacrifice ground a kind of weak acid of neutralization or weak base.In another example, this self-sacrificing zone can comprise a poroid district figure.This self-sacrificing zone can comprise a foraminate special pattern, and these apertures can form potential perforation or can irregularly be distributed in the regional area in balloon membranes.

Gu Zhe air bag can be removed from bone cavity then, stays the bone filler of arrangement.For the ease of remove disruptive air bag from bone cavity, this air bag can maybe can be done texture with special coating chemicals or mass treatment and handle, and adheres on filler or the chamber wall to prevent air bag.In one embodiment, air bag can be at the far-end opening.This configuration can allow air bag to be easier to remove from bone cavity at its opening or after breaking.

Simultaneously, can design and make according to the present invention can resorbent air bag on the biology.For example, one can be converted into material compatible or natural appearance in health on harmless and the physiology by physiological condition by the air bag of the layout of can resorbent polymer on the biology making.These materials can be stayed in the patient body or by metabolism and discharge from health.In an example, air bag that is designed to restore intravertebral body skeleton will be configured in the chamber of the preparation in the vertebra that a quilt treats, and expand with a kind of radiopaque filler.After the expansion immediately (or behind filler partial coagulation) air bag can be thrown off, separated or dismounting and staying in the bone from conduit.When air bag absorbed again, new bone can replace filler.Or filler can be converted into bone or stays in the bone simply by biological agent.

The Technology professional will easily understand, and the air bag of a deployment can be designed to partially or even wholly absorb again.For example, can make implant, structure that produces a biologically inert or the configuration that comprises a plurality of this kind entities by selectively resorbent air bag for one.For example, air bag can have one can resorbent membrane element and the reinforcing member of a biologically inert structure.In another example, one is designed to the section that selectively resorbent air bag can form a series of biologically inerts.The section of these biologically inerts can provide structural housing or enhanced interface at the compromised section place of cortex bone.These sections also can be designed to cooperation and advantageously be dissipated in the cortex bone of recovery and operation that the interface place between the filler produces after stress.The character that this accurate stress reduces can be suitable for specific skeleton.

The air bag of an implantation can be designed so that also it can only just be absorbed again after satisfying certain condition.For example, one is designed to provide in the specific region of unsound or impaired cortex bone the air bag of shell to be absorbed at last after following one or more trigger conditions again.In an example, return the fracture that normal physiological conditions will trigger the air bag implant.Trigger condition can relate to relative temperature, pH, basicity, oxidation-reduction potential and air bag and the osmotic pressure condition between bone or reticular substance on every side.

In another example, a kind of controlled chemistry or radiation exposure will trigger breaking of air bag.For example, absorbing again that a kind of chemistry triggers can not comprise that digestion of doctor formula medicine or oral administration or intravenous injection are transported to the specially designed chemicals of air bag with providing constraints.Also can be with electric charge or electric current, high-frequency sound is exposed or absorbs with the biology that X ray triggers air bag again.

Can also can provide an air bag that has the implantation of sharp unstructuredness matter by resorbent air bag.For example, can have special clinical advantages at a soluble chemical compound that comprises in can biological resorbent sheath.For example, when the netted bone of health kept contacting with air bag about 6 week, a reproducible air bag can break.This air bag breaks can expose as undercoating and is configured in medicine in the airbag structure then.Simultaneously, this medicine may be incorporated in the air bag substrate itself with provide a kind of carry medicine in time and the function that discharges.Usually, this medicine can promote extra bone growth, perhaps in a specific region.The example of the advantage that other this kind is additional comprises the antibacterial effect that (ground does not provide constraints) protects from infection and impels the medicament of muscle, neural growth or regenerating bone or cartilage.

In use, air bag 30 be inserted into one prepared and allow this air bag be configured in impaired cortex bone near.Preferably, before airbag deployments, can from pending position, remove bone marrow in reticular tissue and the bone.Removing the processed part can finish by moving netted bone and bone marrow or they are reconfigured the position of being untreated in bone, also can finish by remove this material from bone.Or, can use reamer or other device to remove netted bone and bone marrow.

In addition, can wash and/or aspirate bone cavity.Preferably, suction is enough to remove the bone marrow in the zone to be recovered.Particularly, should aspirate one in this way with the equally big zone of disposing fully of air bag.More preferably, aspirate a zone that surpasses the about 2mm of this air bag of disposing fully～4mm degree in this way.All medullary cavity can prove that bone is recovered and air bag is merged and stays intracavity as prosthetic appliance is useful especially remove basically near processed zone or in this zone.

Remove basically from processed zone that all bone marrow also can provide the implant that better has cortex bone to engage, and prevent that bone marrow from shifting out the zone of impaired cortex bone uncontrollably.For example, an air bag that is used for the restore intravertebral body can also comprise a prothesis implant body, and this implant will be stayed in the vertebra of recovery for more time.Remove basically from vertebral region to be recovered all bone marrow can provide the contact of better surface between bone that is resumed and implant.

The Technology professional prevents that with easy to understand bone marrow or bone filler are discharged into the clinical benefit in vascular system or the canalis spinalis.For example, removed the potential risk that all bone marrow basically can reduce to form owing to the thromboembolism that is discharged into the foreign substance that goes the vascular system carelessness and damage system that causes by area for treatment from bone.For vertebral body, remove bone marrow and also can reduce during arranging air bag owing to uncontrolled Spinal Cord that produces or the potential risk of oppressing vertebra and implant subsequently of moving.

Secondly, this chamber can be handled to help prevent or to reduce filler from the leakage in chamber or help prevent the bone material or body fluid infiltrates intracavity with sealant.Usually, can use the sealant that contains fibrin or other suitable natural or synthetic composition for this purpose.Sealant can be in any suitable time or coating in any suitable manner, as by spraying, dipping, flushing, surface applied.For example, sealant can be sprayed on intracavity before or after arranging air bag.In addition, sealant can be used as coating and is applied to the air bag outside, makes that sealant will be passed in the chamber when the arrangement air bag.

In another example, sealant can be configured in earlier in the area for treatment, can use a distensible device outwards to promote sealant towards the chamber wall then.This distensible device can rotate or move vertically, so that sealant.Simultaneously, when applying sealant, air bag is supercharging or supercharging gradually not exclusively.

The viscosity of sealant or other character can change according to carrying type or used formality.For example, if sealant places intracavity, sealant gel preferably so, and air bag is used for gel is coated in the chamber wall.As mentioned above, about in these steps that can select of using sealant each, can be air bag expansion after or before or carry out under the situation about not expanding.

Thereafter, air bag 30 is inserted in the chamber of preparation, air bag is expanded with liquid (as saline or radiopaque solution) under accurate pressure control there.Preferably, air bag 30 is directly expanded facing to cortex bone to be recovered by an extension fixture.By this way, the air bag of this deployment is pressed into a configuration that reduces to fracture and recover the skeleton of impaired cortex bone with impaired cortex bone.

Along with reducing of fracture, air bag is collapsed by the expansion pressure that discharges slave unit.Preferably, air bag can be by utilizing the suction syringe that air bag is applied negative pressure and further collapsing.The suction syringe can be extension fixture itself or an additional syringe, or is suitable for making any other device of air bag expansion.After air bag is fully collapsed, can from the chamber, remove air bag, and can be to bone cavity flushing or suction.Can selectively also can handle this chamber with sealant.Can fill this chamber by enough bone fillers then.This bone filler can be natural or synthetic bone filler or any other suitable bone binding agent.As mentioned above, each in these steps that can select, can be after air bag expansion or before or carry out under the situation of not expansion.

The timing of air bag expansion and fill this chamber with the bone filler and can change is described more fully as following.In addition, air bag can not expanded before finishing surgical operation.On the contrary, it can keep one for a long time in bone cavity.Like this, method of the present invention relates to and produces a chamber in cancellous bone, reduce to fracture, recovers the natural skeleton of impaired bone and with the bony structure of filler filling recovery in impaired cortex bone with the medicine air bag.

This distensible device also can be suitable as the prosthetic appliance of bone outside.An example is that this air bag can be as being configured in two artificial intervertebral discs between the adjacent vertebrae.Use a core that can expanded device can allow to replace the dish of being treated by this way, maybe can be used for replacing fully the dish of being treated.Before disposing distensible device, can remove a part of being coiled by treatment.The dish amount of substance that is removed can depend on the condition of being coiled by treatment and replace or support the degree that this is treated dish with this distensible device.For example, when this distensible device when coiling alternative completely, can remove the dish of being treated fully.If this distensible device is used to support or replace the core or the other parts of the dish of being treated, can before disposing, remove less material (if any) so.

The structure of this distensible device and shape can change according to its intended purpose, or are used for coiling completely replacement, or are used for the core replacement.For example, predetermined replace a distensible device that is coiled by treatment fully and can have thicker balloon membranes or have meticulous coating or other therapeutant that duplicates the anatomical structure of a natural disc for one.Some characteristics comprise removes layer or texture on the outer surface of this distensible device, and these coatings or texture help this device is fixed or is bonded on the vertebral endplate with artificial dish interface.This balloon membranes also can be made the skeleton of the toughness, mechanical performance and the disk ring that duplicate natural disc.Equally, this filler can be made the mechanical performance of having compiled natural disc.

In another example, if the predetermined core of only handling this dish of this distensible device, this air bag can be designed to a thin-walled film, and this film meets the intact inside of maintenance of natural disc structure.In addition, balloon membranes can be can be resorbent, makes that having disposed the back filler at this distensible device remains.Or balloon membranes can design and make and allow this air bag to be dissolved and remove in the patient body at the surgery intra-operative.An advantage of this design is that this air bag can play a conveyer device, and this conveyer device allows to measure at operating room the volume of the filler of introducing patient, and making can increase or remove filler according to patient's skeleton before permanent the deployment.When air bag as artificial dish of one of design, also can utilize other design feature that is used for other embodiment or purposes of distensible devices described herein and filler.

In an embodiment of artificial dish, this air bag recovers the natural spacing and the collimation of vertebra with a kind of radiopaque material expansion.The solution of expansion or material can solidify or react and form the elastic solid (Hookean body) that a kind of viscous liquid maybe can be out of shape.Preferably, however such air bag can comprise a kind of implant therapeutant and near the mechanical performance of the healthy dish in sky.For example, air bag can be designed to long-term opposing and stab and fracture and injury, and filler can design and make performance like submissive, elastic or the liquid is provided.Usually, the filler that is used for a replacement dish air bag can be any suitable material, comprise synthetic and can biodegradable polymer, hydrogel and elastomer.For example, air bag is can be partially filled a kind of can absorb large volume liquid and bear reversible expanded balloon.An air bag of filling hydrogel also can have a porous or selectively porous periostracum, and this film allows liquid to move into and shift out air bag when air bag is collapsed or expand.Filler also can design and do and be shaped as a composite construction that comprises solid matter.

Air bag of the present invention also can be suitable as apparatus and an implant that is used for merging between body of a kind of distraction, as is used for waist or neck area.For example, distensible device of the present invention can be used for merging between the low back body (PLIF).For example, can carry out laminotomy comes the operative site of being made up of a disk space is exposed a window.Can remove the surface layer of this dish and adjacent cartilaginous end plates then and expose the hemorrhage bone that is in the preparation that is used for accepting the sept that merges between a pair of low back body.Air bag of the present invention can be inserted this disk space and expansion then and make the vertebra distraction.The controlled expansion of air bag can guarantee best vertebra distraction and help maximum implant height and the neuropore decompression.When fully fluorescence method and radiopaque air bag expansion liquid can help to measure section distraction.

If air bag is as the distraction apparatus, a bone or synthetic alloplast can be implanted the disk space of offside with netted bone graft or filler so.In case implant and other material are in desired position, just can expanded balloon and it is removed from disk space, and equally highly second implant can be inserted this space.

If the sept that this air bag merges as intercentrum can be expanded with a kind of predetermined filler that forms a synthetic alloplast implant in vivo so.In case this implant fully forms, air bag just can dissolve and remove from disk space.In another example, the air bag of this expansion stays the support that moves and be retained in the new bone growth of conduct in the disk space from the conduit separation.As previously mentioned, air bag implant also can absorb owing to physiological condition again and be repelled by patient or changes and be shaped to new bone growth again.

A plurality of air bags are disposed or the technology of filler for relating to, and can dispose each and use different radiography labellings to improve the quality of fluorescent image and help the surgeon to explain spatial relationship in the operative site.When expanded device was used as apparatus (recovering instrument or distraction device as bone), when they were used to carry the bone filler, perhaps when they were used as implant, different radiography labellings can use with distensible device.In addition, different radiography labelling can be used for a plurality of deployment of filler.For example, a kind of technology of disposing two air bags between adjacent vertebra that relates to can have benefited from a kind of like this means.Equally, other orthopaedic surgery such as vertebra anaplasty also can relate to a plurality of air bags with different radiography labellings of deployment.In another example, when air bag of the present invention during as the sept that merges between the low back body, the filler in first in two vertebra interbody spacer thing implant air bags can have the radiopaque performance of lacking than second implant.Will readily appreciate that as the Technology professional radiopaque performance that changes each implant will be convenient to the fluorescence monitoring and the deployment of second implant.Particularly, this will prevent that the implant of the deployment on first side from stopping the fluorescent image of second implant.This advantage also can realize when using different radiography labellings under the situation of any a plurality of deployment that relate to a plurality of deployment such as above-mentioned air bag or filler.

By in the filler of expanded balloon, incorporating the radiopaque material of variable concentrations into, can change radiopaque performance of each implant.For example, can use the filler of the barium sulfate that comprises two kinds of variable concentrations.Equally, can use different radiopaque material with the fluorescent characteristic that can discern.

Fig. 2 represents a medicine air bag 40 that is expanded to the above-mentioned structure of about 200psi.Preferably, the poly-urine of air bag 40 usefulness monolayers gastral cavity is made.Also can use the coating of a plurality of air bag layers and other material such as silicone.For example, can use the thread texture of an outer layer of silicone or coating to be convenient to insert air bag 40 or to reach another kind of clinical purpose.The professional of correlation technique will be understood that the service life that can use additional material, layer and coating and complex thereof to improve air bag 40, for example the ability that punctures and tear by the container opposing that improves this expansion.Preferably, the monolayer wall thickness of air bag 40 is about 1.5 mils～about 2.5 mils.But, also can preferentially adopt the monolayer wall thickness of about 0.5 mil～about 3.5 mils for special-purpose.The layer that can select or the thickness of coating are preferably about 0 mil～about 4 mils.In addition, can on the outer surface of air bag 40, add the radio opaque markers (not shown) an enhanced visual mechanism is provided, so that judge expansion and the degree of collapsing.

A compound air bag comprises at least two kinds of materials, and they can be as the composition on enhancing ingredients and formation border.The composition that forms the border can be any suitable material that is used to form air bag.This examples of material is here described more fully.This enhancing ingredients can provide the hot strength of increase by the tensile stress on the composition that absorbs the formation border that is added to air bag usually to air bag.This enhancing ingredients can design and make around its even structure ground distributes these power, and the structure that maybe can design and become the air bag of deployment forms a space frame.This enhancing ingredients can be so that form the control of air bag and the composition on a thinner formation border be provided better.

In one embodiment, the composition of enhancing ingredient can be a kind of substrate that extends in the braiding on the selected area of air bag.In another embodiment, the substrate of this braiding can whole encirclement airbag structure.In another embodiment, braiding substrate is positioned at the inner face of composition on the formation border of air bag.On the contrary, in another embodiment, this braiding substrate is positioned at the outside of composition on the formation border of air bag.In one embodiment, this braiding substrate is positioned at the inside of the composition that forms the border.For example, composition that forms the border of being made up of film can comprise the braiding substrate in the film.The enhancing intensity of this braiding substrate can be constituted it material category influence or be subjected to the influence of shape and size of the enhancing ingredient of single braiding.

In addition, the enhancing intensity of braiding substrate can be by the decision of braiding tightness.For example, the same figure that the closeer figure of braiding substrate can be rarer provides bigger intensity and littler flexibility.Simultaneously, different figure can have the combination of different physical characteristics.Each crossing angle that weaves ingredient also can change the physical property optimization that makes air bag.Therefore can make the substrate of this braiding specially and the combination of certain physical or chemical property is provided.These performances can comprise hot strength and compressive strength, resist the ability that punctures performance, chemical inertness, shape control, elasticity, flexibility, the performance of collapsing and keep high levels of performance for a long time.This braided material can comprise any suitable material such as Buddhist nun's ladder Nore (witinol), polyethylene, poly-urine gastral cavity, nylon, natural fiber (as Cotton Gossypii) or synthetic fibers.The a company that produces the braiding substrate of the above-mentioned type is a Zynergy core technology company.

As mentioned above, the composition on formation border can comprise the synthetic film that the described poly-urine gastral cavity of the common bladder configurations of a kind of usefulness or other material are made.This film can be applied to the outside with the not reactivity worth between raising air bag and the health, or guarantees that air bag can not be bonded on the air bag expansion material.Therefore, air bag that dissolves can withdraw from and the chamber that can seriously not disturb filling.Expection can be designed to operate down the intrinsic pressure of about 300psi with a film and the substrate formed air bag of braiding.

As mentioned above, the size of extension fixture and configuration can change according to specific bone to be recovered.The ordinary construction of Fig. 3 illustration air bag of the present invention.The characteristics of describing among Fig. 3 comprise: D1 (external diameter of airsac tube); D2 (external diameter of air bag working body); L1 (length of air bag); L2 (active length of air bag 70); α (cone angle of air bag near-end); β (angle of air bag far-end).Angle [alpha] and β measure from the longitudinal axis 80 of air bag.Table 1 provides the preferred value of the characteristics of the bladder configurations shown in Fig. 3, because they can be used for specific bone skeleton.General preferred sizes of the value representation that provides in the scope 1 and characteristic.The value that provides in the scope 2 is by relatively representing preferred criterion.

As shown in table 1, the preferred air bag of a vertebral body will have the outer diameter D 1 of scope from about 1.5mm to about 3.mm

Table 1

Preferred axially balloon embodiment

Targeted bone anatomy	Preferred size	D1	D2	L1	L2	α	β
								(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(degree)	(degree)
		Vertebral body	Scope 1	1.0-3.5	5-30	10-35	5-25							25-80	50-105
Scope 2	1.5-3.0							8-26	15-25	12-20	45-65	60-86
			The distally radius	Scope 1	1.0-3.5	5-25	10-45						6-40	25-80	50-105
Scope 2	1.5-3.0	8-14						15-25	12-22	45-65	60-86
				Calcaneus	Scope 1	1.0-3.5	5-25					5-35	3-33	25-80	50-105
Scope 2	1.5-3.0	8-12	8-12					6-13	30-50	55-80
					Tibial plateau	Scope 1	1.0-3.5				5-40	15-60	11-56	25-80	50-105
Scope 2	1.5-3.0	12-30	20-40	16-36				45-65	60-86

Pipe 60.Pipe 60 preferably also is suitable for being connected on No. 16 conduits.As being clearly shown that among Fig. 3, air bag tip 65 can require sizing according to conduit.In addition, outer diameter D 2 preferred range are about 8mm～about 26mm, are more preferably about 12mm～about 20mm.Equally, the near-end 75 of air bag 70 can be that central shaft becomes vertebra shape with approximate uniform angle [alpha] with the longitudinal axis 80 of air bag 70.Preferably, the scope of angle [alpha] is about 25 degree～about 80 degree, and preferred scope is about 45～about 60 degree degree.The far-end 86 of air bag 70 also can be that central shaft is tapered with approximate uniform angle beta with the longitudinal axis 80 of air bag 70.Preferably, the scope of angle beta is about 90 degree～about 50 degree, and preferred scope is about 60 degree～about 86 degree.Secondly, the preferable range of the length L 1 of air bag 70 is about 15mm～about 30mm, and the preferable range of the active length L2 of air bag 70 is about 10mm～about 20mm.But more preferably, the scope of the length L 1 of air bag 70 is about 20mm～about 25mm, and the scope of the length L 2 of air bag 70 is about 12mm～about 15mm.

Above-mentioned preferred embodiment comprises preferred size and the shape to the air bag of being made up of braiding substrate and film.As mentioned above, such air bag can be suitable for as prosthetic appliance or implant and keep together with vertebral body.

The preferred embodiment of the axial air bag of describing in Fig. 4～6 presentation graphs 3 and the table 1 70.Though the balloon embodiment of the demonstration that is used for being deployed in vertebral body is pointed in following discussion, these air bags also can be used in any suitable bone.Therefore, the size of the airbag types of describing in these figure and configuration can change, to hold the bone for the treatment of airbag deployments or the type in chamber.

Fig. 4 represents a balloon embodiment type with even waist 90, and this waist has a uniform vertically diameter D3 with blunt nosed far-end 95.In one embodiment, total length L 3 is about 20mm, and active length L4 is about 15mm, and outer diameter D 3 is about 12mm.In another embodiment, total length L 3 is about 20mm, and active length L4 is about 15mm, and outer diameter D 3 is about 8mm.In another embodiment, total length L 3 is about 15mm, and active length L4 is about 10mm, and outer diameter D 3 is about 8mm.

Fig. 5 represents a kind of balloon embodiment type that waist 100 is protruded in central authorities that has, and has constant outer diameter D 4 in the middle body of air bag 70, has uniform tapered end 105 simultaneously.In one embodiment, the total length L 5 with air bag of central authorities' protrusion waist is about 20mm, and active length is about 8mm, and the horizontal length L7 of tapered distal end is about 5mm, and total outer diameter D 4 is about 12mm.In another embodiment, total length L 5 is about 20mm, and active length L4 is about 8mm, and the horizontal length L7 of vertebra shape distal portion is about 5mm, and total outer diameter D 4 of air bag is about 8mm.In another embodiment, total length L 5 is about 15mm, and active length L4 is about 8mm, and the horizontal length L7 of tapered distal end is about 5mm, and total external diameter of air bag is about 8mm.The Technology professional will be understood that the tapered end of this airbag types can have other configuration.For example, air bag can have a series of uniform taper lengths, rather than an independent uniform tapered end.Simultaneously, this air bag can have the tapered end of a bending, rather than one or more uniform taper length.

Equally, air bag can have the bending length of compound even length and composition air bag tapered end.This tapered end also can be asymmetric around the central axis of air bag.Air bag of being made up of braiding substrate and film component can have special purposes in development has the air bag of tapered end or asymmetric geometry, because braided material can be used for controlling or produce a space frame for the air bag of disposing improves shape.

The balloon embodiment type that Fig. 6 represents has the near-end 120 of a protrusion waist 110 far away and an even taper, and protruding waist 110 has a constant outer diameter D 5 to dock with blunt nosed far-end 115.In one embodiment, total length L 8 is about 20mm, and active length L9 is about 8mm, and outer diameter D 5 is about 12mm.In another embodiment, total length L 8 is about 20mm, and active length L9 is about 8mm, and outer diameter D 5 is about 8mm.In another embodiment, total length L 8 is about 15mm, and active length is about 8mm, and outer diameter D 5 is about 8mm.As previously mentioned, the Technology professional will appreciate that the tapered end of this airbag types can have other configuration.Secondly, by using a conduit curve or bending can obtain the wonderful advantage of the airbag types of expression in Fig. 4～6.

Fig. 7 presentation graphs 4 along its active length the example embodiment of air bag of the bending of one angle θ is arranged.The Technology professional will be understood that, can use the bending more than to provide more wonderful advantage to this device in the conduit.Equally, this conduit can be used the shape memory metal manufacturing, makes this air bag can dispose or be deployed in a kind of configuration, reconfigures or is deployed in second kind of configuration under surgical selection control then.Like this, an air bag can be made optimally and dispose, disposes and remove from target cavity.For example, can dispose the natural skeleton of left and right sides that the air bag that is installed on the shape memory catheter recovers left and right sides bone or has the bone of symmetric sagittal plane.Preferably, as shown in Figure 7, the bending of angle θ is a round end.In another embodiment, the conduit of this air bag can merge many successive bendings and produces the air bag with parallel central axis.

Equally, more generally air bag configuration and the table of representing among the airbag types of expression and Fig. 3 in Fig. 4～6 1 can be got angle from centre pipe.

Fig. 8 represents an example embodiment with air bag 70 of the even waist 92 that the angle is arranged.Angle 8 is acute angle preferably.The Technology professional will be understood that, utilizes the conduit of being made by the aforesaid shape memory metal angle or bending that has can develop the air bag that its shape is used for specific bone cavity or has additional wonderful advantage.

With reference to Fig. 9～16, also can develop preferred air bag configuration with the subsection air bag that comprises configuration with crooked or useful conduit.The general embodiment of the biasing air bag of Fig. 9～demonstration of 12 expressions.

The embodiment type of Fig. 9 and 10 expression air bags 128 is characterized in that the central authorities at air bag 130 have the biasing air bag 130 at uniform circular waist 135 and uniform taper two ends 140.The total length L 10 of air bag 130 is divided into tapered proximal end, has central authorities' work section and the tapered distal end of uniform outer diameter D6.The horizontal length of each of these sections can be determined with respect to the far-end of air bag.For example, on behalf of the horizontal range of tapered distal end, length L 11 add the length of central authorities' work section.Length L 12 is represented the horizontal length of tapered distal end.This air bag configuration of table 2 expression is by the general preferred and preferred sizes scope of targeted bone skeleton.The value that provides in the scope 1 is represented general preferred sizes and characteristic.As a comparison, the value that provides in the scope 2 is represented preferred criterion.

Table 2

The preferred embodiment that has the biasing air bag of circular cross-section

Target geometry	Preferred size	D6	L10	L11(a)	L12
						(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)
		Vertebral body	Scope 1	5-30	10-35					8-25	0-5
Scope 2	6-20					15-25	12-22	1-3
			The distally radius	Scope 1	5-25				10-45	6-40	0-5
Scope 2	8-14	15-25				12-22	1-3
				Calcaneus	Scope 1			5-25	5-35	3-33	0-5
Scope 2	8-12	12-28	8-24			1-3
					Tibial plateau		Scope 1	5-40	15-60	11-56	0-5
Scope 2	12-30	20-40	16-36	1-3

(a) L11 comprises L12 herein

Described in table 2, following example embodiment is mainly pointed to vertebral body.In one embodiment, total length L 10 is about 20mm, and active length L11 is about 15mm, and the horizontal range L12 of tapered distal end is about 3mm, and the outer diameter D 6 of circular waist is about 6mm.In another embodiment, be that other size of air bag is all identical with last example about 8mm except outer diameter D 6.In another embodiment, air bag diameter D6 is about 12mm.

On the contrary, the embodiment type of Figure 11 and a kind of air bag 140 of 12 expressions is characterized by the biasing air bag 145 that a center at air bag 145 has uneven circular waist 150 and uniform taper two ends 155.The total length L 13 of air bag 140 is divided into tapered distal end, central authorities' work section and tapered proximal end portion.Air bag has uneven cross section, and this cross section can be limited by vertical length L16 and cross-sectional width L17.Length L 14 representatives are from the horizontal range of air bag far-end.Table 3 expression is by the general and preferred sizes scope of targeted bone skeleton to this air bag configuration.The value that provides in the scope 1 is represented general preferred sizes and characteristic.As a comparison, the value that provides in the scope 2 is represented preferred criterion.

Described in table 3, the embodiment of following demonstration mainly refers to

Table 3

Preferred embodiment with biasing air bag of noncircular cross section

Target geometry	Preferred size	L13	L14	L15	L16	L17
							(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)
		Vertebral body	Scope 1	10-35	8-25	0-5						5-30	5-30
Scope 2	15-25						12-22	1-3	6-20	6-20
			The distally radius	Scope 1	10-45	6-40					0-5	5-25	5-25
Scope 2	15-25	12-22					1-3	8-14	8-14
				Calcaneus	Scope 1	5-35				3-33	0-5	5-25	5-25
Scope 2	12-28	8-24	1-3				8-12	8-12
					Tibial plateau	Scope 1			15-60	11-50	0-5	5-40	5-40
Scope 2	20-40	16-36	1-3	12-30			12-30

To vertebral body.In one embodiment, total length L 13 is about 20mm, and active length L14 is about 15mm, and the horizontal range L15 of tapered distal end is about 3mm.Secondly, the vertical height L16 of air bag 145 and transverse width L17 are respectively 14mm and 14mm.

With reference to Fig. 9 and 12, these general balloon embodiment that provide in the table 2 and 3 and preferred sizes can make up and produce complicated air bag.The structure that can expand that they are made up of a plurality of air bags.For example, Figure 13 represents embodiment and conduit 165 that is suitable for disposing two distensible structures 130 and 145 of a complicated air bag 160.In the embodiment of this demonstration, the air bag 130 and 145 of forming the distensible structure 165 of this complexity is positioned at conduit 160 fully, and disposes around conduit 165 by opening 170.Figure 14 represents an embodiment that the single air bag 162 of two chambers 163 and 164 is arranged, and the shape kine bias of each chamber is put airbag types 145.On the contrary, Figure 15 represents the embodiment of Figure 14 air bag, and wherein the gasbag chamber 166 and 167 longitudinal axis 168 with respect to balloon catheter 165 have the angle.In addition, in embodiment as other of the complicated air bag represented among Figure 14, can use air bag or other geometry that is suitable for of band circular cross-section.

In another example embodiment of complicated air bag, Figure 16 represents to comprise the air bag 169 of two single air bags 171 and 172, and each has a taper to protrude waist 173 and 174, and they produce the complexity of Figure 14 air bag and the embodiment at angle is arranged.As above-mentioned discussion suggestion, complicated air bag can be specific bone geometry or clinical purpose manufacturing.The Technology professional will be understood that as previously mentioned, the air bag that the angle is arranged as shown in Figure 15 and 16 can be made for cooperation correct on the skeleton, does not need a catheter shaft that the angle is arranged.The Technology professional also will appreciate that, a bladder configurations that the angle arranged can have the price of potential reduction to the catheter air bag that the angle is arranged of similar shape.

The example embodiment of Figure 17～25 expressions catheter configurations of the present invention.The basic element of character of conduit is shown in Figure 17～19.In addition, the illustrative embodiments that structure strengthens element is proposed in Figure 20～25.Usually this conduit can have been made a plurality of holes, can dispose an air bag or a plurality of air bag by these holes.For example, this conduit can have two holes, can dispose an independent air bag by these two holes.When this air bag expansion, the enhancing element in these holes of qualification of conduit makes air bag expand outwardly from conduit.Or, can be by window or almost simultaneously or dispose a plurality of air bags by stages in succession.These air bags also can have different shapes, surface characteristic or pressure and be fit to specific clinical application.One of following discussion illustration use of the present invention has the example that does not provide constraints of conduit of disposing the window of one or more air bags by it.

Figure 17 represents the elevation of far-end 175 of the conduit 165 of Figure 13.Conduit 165 has an outer diameter D 7, nearly tip length L20 and two to dispose hole 170 along the opposed air bag of circumference.Air bag is disposed the length L 18 and the best equal in length of L19 in hole 170.But two holes 170 can have different length and size to hold a specific air bag.Two air bags are disposed the bar of the remaining tube material 180 formation width L21 between the hole 170.Usually, the number of bar 180 is provided corresponding to the air bag that provides in the conduit 165 by the number in hole 170.Equally, the outer diameter D 7 of the number and the conduit 165 of the bar 180 that is provided can be provided the width L21 of each bar 180.

Figure 18 represents the main structural components of the conduit of Figure 17 and 18.Conduit 165 is made the U-shaped bar 185 that has inside diameter D 8 and insert conduit 165 by the hole in the far-end 175 190.The size of the width L22 of the external diameter of U-shaped bar 185 can be made according to inside diameter D 8, makes U-shaped bar 185 be installed in the inwall 190 of conduit 165 and is pressed against on the inwall 190.The external diameter length L 24 of single bar 195 structure required with dispose intermediate conductor bar 180 between the window 170 at air bag strengthens relevant.Though the insied width L23 of U-shaped bar 185 is relevant with the geometry of catheter interior, width L23 also operably makes with the air bag of disposing and matches.

In addition, the length L 25 of U-shaped bar 185 and length L 26 are preferably extended the distal edge 200 that surmounts air bag deployment hole 170, so that provide a suitable regular length L27 for U-shaped bar 185 in conduit 165.U-shaped bar section length L25 and L26 do not need to equate.The rounded ends 205 of U-shaped bar 185 can recessedly fully maybe can be stretched out from near-end 175 parts of conduit 165.In one embodiment, the end 205 of U-shaped bar 185 is fixed on the conduit 165 by connector soft soldering, soldering or welding.Also can use a gluing fixture or other bindiny mechanism.For example, can use the fixing means of buckle.Depend on the number in air bag deployment hole 170 and the material of conduit 165 structures, the number that strengthens bar 185 can change.Simultaneously, a plurality of enhancing bars 185 are combined and will strengthen the mechanism that bar 185 is connected on the conduit 165 and can change with illustrated embodiment.

Figure 19 is the single enhancing bar 195 that has the cross section of demonstrating by the sectional view of the line 19-19 of Figure 18 and expression.In this illustrative embodiment, strengthening bar 206 is circular sections.Will appreciate that as the Technology professional geometry that can select to strengthen bar provides the favourable combination of tolerance and intensity.For example, Figure 20～25 expressions have the single enhancing bar 195 of other illustrative geometric cross section.The enhancing bar of Figure 20 is represented an embodiment with kidney shape cross section.Figure 21 represents an enhancing bar with oval cross section.Figure 22 and 23 represents to have the enhancing bar embodiment of rectangle and triangular-section respectively.On the contrary, Figure 24 demonstration of representing to have the cross section of circle cross section shape strengthens bar.

In addition, can use many bars to replace a U-shaped bar to put an enhancing conduit that has a plurality of air bags to dispose the hole.The Technology professional is easy to understand, and a kind of geometry of specific enhancing bar can prove and be easy to most make, assembling or be shaped.Therefore, a kind of embodiment can prove the solution for cost one benefit the best of a specific air bag configuration.For this reason, these embodiment are not predetermined to be a complete set of cross section that the present invention considers, but strengthens the general illustration of bar notion.Table 4 provides the stock size of the conduit of expression among Figure 17,18.The value that provides in the scope 1 is represented general preferred sizes and characteristic.As a comparison, the value that provides in the scope 2 is represented preferred criterion.

Or, strengthen element and can be by a plurality of being installed in a spacer ring on the inner chamber and being connected on the conduit periphery and enclosing

Table 4

The preferred embodiment of fenestrate conduit

Targeted bone anatomy	Preferred size	D7 (a)	D8 (b)	L18， L19	L20	L21	L22	L23	L24	L25 L26
											(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)
		Vertebral body	Scope 1	2-7	1.5-6.9	10-35	0.25-10	0.2-4	0.5-6.9	0.5-6.5										0.2-3	10.5-50
Scope 2	3-5										2.5-4.9	15-25	2-6	0.5-2.5	2-4.9	1.5-4	0.5-1.75	18-35
			The distally radius	Scope 1	2-7	1.5-6.9	10-45	0.25-10	0.2-4	0.5-6.9									0.5-6.5	0.2-3	10.5-65
Scope 2	3-5	2.5-4.9									15-25	2-6	0.5-2.5	2-4.9	1.5-4	0.5-1.75	18-35
				Calcaneus	Scope 1	2-7	1.5-6.9	5-35	0.25-10	0.2-4								0.5-6.9	0.5-6.5	0.2-3	5.5-50
Scope 2	3-5	2.5-4.9	12-28								2-6	0.5-2.5	2-4.9	1.5-4	0.5-1.75	15-35
					Tibial plateau	Scope 1	2-9	1.5-8.9	15-60	0.25-10							0.2-6.5	0.5-8.9	0.5-8.5	0.2-4	13.5-80
Scope 2	3-7	2.5-6.8	20-40	2-6							0.5-4	2-6.8	1.5-6	0.5-2.5	18-50

Periphery orientation around conduit.This peaceful enhancing element can also pressurize behind the distal end of catheter place.For this reason, the relative size of air bag deployment window, conduit bar and enhancing element can be made and satisfy a kind of specific skeleton, machinery, treatment or clinical requirement.

For example, Figure 25 represents the alternate enhancing structure to the bar of expression in Figure 17～24.The enhancing element of Figure 25 can be that tubular structure and being provided with is used to dispose one or more grooves 213 that can expanded device.Piped enhancing element can be formed by special protuberance, and this protuberance for example provides thicker (promptly stronger) wall in selected position.Will be understood that as the Technology professional a piped conduit strengthens element and may require the groove more than to put the device with a plurality of air bags deployment windows.In addition, disposing window by each can dispose more than an air bag.For example, in one embodiment, can dispose window by one and dispose independent air bag with a plurality of chambers.In another embodiment, can dispose two independently air bags by an independent deployment hole.In another embodiment, can dispose the hole by the air bag that number equates and dispose an independent air bag with a plurality of chambers.

Figure 26～35 expressions are from top figure and show the illustrative complicated balloon embodiment that described air bag is made.

Figure 26 and 27 one of expression have three air bags and three balloon catheters of disposing window.This complexity air bag 210 comprises the round balloon 215 of three biasings of three skin 225 sealings that originate from a center conduit 220 and can be selected.In one embodiment, this one air bag 215 is made up of independent layer.In another embodiment, these one air bags can be formed by a plurality of layers and material.Or in another embodiment, this complicated air bag can comprise that one has by the independent air bag of three chambers of the skin that can select 225 sealings.The Technology professional is with easy to understand, and every layer thickness of these layers can be different, and these complicated air bags can obtain to have big effective external diameter of thin airbag wall.Like this, a complicated air bag can provide the clinical performance of wonderful advantage and height, comprising: the anti-performance that punctures and tear of raising, and novel allocative abilities, enhanced deployment ability, the improved ability of returning, and be easy to shift out.

Figure 28 and 29 expressions have the axial balloon embodiment 230 and 235 of uniform diameter and at least one incorporate Movable joint 240, and Movable joint 240 is divided into a plurality of sections with the active length of air bag.Adjacent air bag section can freely center on common Movable joint activity.On the contrary, Figure 30 represents a biasing air bag 250 with two big chambers that are connected in series.In one embodiment, catheter tip 260 inserts 250 to one in air bags approximately from two gasbag chambers, 255 equidistant points 265.With reference to Figure 31, second Room 270 of air bag 250 is folded in then on most advanced and sophisticated 260 and along the length of conduit 275 is double and turns back.Secondly, the folded part 270 of air bag 255 can be fixed on the non-folded part 280 and tie up near on the conduit 275 of air bag near-end.In another embodiment, this pair chamber air bag is made of two-layer.In another embodiment, an interior air bag is folding around conduit, and whole then labyrinth is wrapped in the additional skin.In one embodiment, the scope of the outer diameter D 9 of air bag 250 is 2mm～12mm.

In being shown in the another embodiment of Figure 32, can utilize a special conduit 290 to come to provide liquid to gasbag chamber 255 in a sequential manner.During air bag expansion, prevent that by valve of closing in the conduit or obturator 295 liquid from directly importing second Room 270 of air bag 250.First Room 280 that inflation fluid is introduced air bags 250 by the hole on the distal face that is configured in the obturator 295 in the conduit 290 300.This liquid is partly filled air bag first Room 280, reenters conduit 290 by the additional holes on the proximal side that is configured in obturator 295 in the conduit 290 305 then.When liquid continued to fill first Room 280 of air bag 250, liquid also began to move in second Room 270 of air bag by the near-end of the conduit 290 of obstruction through a hole in the tip 260 of conduit 290.

As also illustrating among Figure 32, the near-end 260 of conduit 290 provides first Room 280 of air bag 255 and the fluid connection between second Room 270.When air bag 250 expansions, the throughput direction of liquid is opposite.In one embodiment, the obturator of removing in the conduit 290 295 is crossed the length of conduit 290 to allow flow of liquid.In another embodiment, when the pressure in second Room 270 of air bag 250 during greater than the predetermined pressure in first Room 280 of air bag, pressure-activated valve is opened and is allowed the liquid free flow to cross conduit.In another embodiment, pipe obstruction thing 295 can selectively be controlled and be made with shape memory metal by the surgeon, and this will provide bypass to flow under a state and direct pipe flow is provided under second state.

The Technology professional can use a plurality of holes compatibly to influence the speed of wanting that liquid is carried, and a folding multicell air bag can assemble and test during manufacture simply easy to understand.Like this, making complicated air bag from the embodiment of a folding multicell air bag 250 also can reduce expenses.

Equally, the balloon embodiment 310,315 and 320 of Figure 33～demonstration that 35 expressions replenish.For example, Figure 33 represents to have the axialy offset air bag 325 of homogeneous diameter D10 and curved shape.In one embodiment, the wall of the bone cavity of contact preparation closely of the crooked air bag 325 with longitudinal axis 330.The damage of the power that air bag applies and bone aim at the recovery that helps the suitable bone skeleton of shape.In another embodiment, curve is to be provided by the conduit of a bending or a conduit made from shape memory metal, rather than shape molding is become air bag.In another embodiment, this crooked air bag is to form with an air bag 335 with axialy offset of inhomogeneous diameter.For example, the air bag of Figure 34 has a diameter along curvedization of longitudinal axis of air bag.Among the illustrative embodiment shown in Figure 34, maximum diameter D11 is positioned at mid point 340 places of the longitudinal axis 330 of air bag 335.Among the another embodiment shown in Figure 35, air bag 320 has the central section 365 of three chambers 350, two Movable joints 355 and a bending.In another embodiment of the air bag of Figure 35, the structure of air bag 320 allows to expand controllably and the single chamber 365,370 and 375 of collapsing.

Figure 36 represents a sectional view by the vertebra longitudinal axis, and in the expression vertebra 390 one multicellular and the air bag 385 of Movable joint arranged.In this embodiment, this complicated air bag has and allows selected chamber (as chamber 395) at first to collapse before at other section (as chamber 400 and 405).Therefore, chamber 410 can partly be filled the bone binding agent then and do not collapsed or remove outer gasbag chamber 400 and 405, and can be fully or near the skeleton that fully keeps the recovery of bone 390 to the transition period of bone fixation from reducing bone fracture.In another embodiment, when the air bag section is collapsed, the bone filler can be applied in the chamber and go.In another serial embodiment, a plurality of gasbag chambers of Figure 35～37 can be formed by shared barrier film, and passage that need not be narrow or Movable joint.

Figure 37 along the line 37-37 of Figure 36 intercepting represents that one has the round balloon 425 of biasing and 430 center conduit 420.When roof airbag 430 and bottom air bag 425 are collapsed, fill bone binding agents 440 facing to the outer wall 435 in the chamber 410 in the vertebra 390 that recovers.In this way, finish the structure 430 of collapsing and 425 and bone filler 440 between in check volume-exchange.Like this, multicellular air bag provides potentiality for wonderful advantage as the air bag that recovers and the in check volume-exchange between the bone filler.Equally, but also easy to understand of Technology professional, and the multicell air bag also can be used for sequentially filling the bone cavity of recovery.For example, the structure of the expansion in the strong part of bone can be collapsed, and the air bag than weak part of support bone is still disposed.The air bag of bone is collapsed, and the zone can be filled the bone filler then and permission is hardened or gel.Then, can selectively collapse contiguous air bag or other air bag, and fill each zone in a similar manner.In this way, the skeleton selection area that multicell air bag controlled collapsed to the bone that recovers provides temporary transient support, and bone filler is filled in other zone.

Though described the present invention with reference to some preferred embodiment above, should remember that scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.Air bag can change or extend and the bladder configurations material that holds special formulation maybe may need to have the manufacturing technology of a plurality of layers (for example a layer is configured in the outside and the second layer is configured in inner face) of different mutually relative positions.Equally, the number of air bag opening and interval can change to implement the window deployment of one or more distensible structures better with Enhancement Method in the conduit.Simultaneously, the air bag with the protuberance that forms pit can produce the degree of the final performance of its not serious obstruction air bag.The skin that also can add different air bag materials and face coat or different material or face coat on air bag helps forming less air bag profile.Also can revise the foregoing description, make some characteristic of an embodiment use with some characteristics of another embodiment.The Technology professional will find that the variation of these preferred embodiments is within the spiritual scope of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is limited by following claims.

Claims (25)

1. distensible devices comprises:

An air bag, its configuration are suitable for inserting in the ridge awl, and this air bag has surfaces externally and internally, and this inner surface limits the container of a sealing;

A kind of filler is configured in this container, and this filler has flowable at least first state; With

A conduit connects with this air bag by operative relationship, and wherein this conduit is designed and is configured to this air bag and separates, and this air bag is remained in this ridge awl.

2. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this packing material is selected from the cohort that comprises an a kind of bone filler matter and an expansion fluid.

3. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this air bag comprises a kind of Polyurethane material.

4. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this filler has that to make this filler be second state of a hardening material.

5. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this air bag is made of absorbed recrement in vivo.

6. the device of claim 5 is characterized in that, this air bag also comprise a kind of when this air bag is absorbed again d/d medicine.

7. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises a kind of medicine.

8. the device of claim 7 is characterized in that, this medicine is configured on the inner surface of this air bag.

9. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this air bag comprises a coating, and this coating comprises at least a material in the cohort of being made up of medicine, hydrophobic substance, hydrophilic substance, high friction surface, low-friction surface and sealant.

10. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this air bag comprises first and second compositions, and wherein this first composition is that a border is formed into branch and this second composition is one in order to strengthen the enhancing ingredients that this border forms composition.

11. the device of claim 10 is characterized in that, this second composition is molded in this first composition.

12. the device of claim 10 is characterized in that, this enhancing ingredients is a braiding substrate.

13. the device of claim 12 is characterized in that, this braiding substrate is positioned in the border and forms in the composition.

14. the device of claim 12 is characterized in that, this braiding matrix is positioned on the inboard and the side in the outside of this border formation composition.

15. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this air bag comprises a plurality of chambers.

16. the device of claim 15 is characterized in that, these a plurality of chambers are designed to and can operate, its configuration can finish independent expansion, expansion subsequently, collapses separately, subsequently collapse and independent deployment step at least one step.

17. the device of claim 15 is characterized in that, this air bag has an axis, and arrange one by one along this axis these a plurality of chambers.

18. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this device is configured in order to treatment awl intercalated disc.

19. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this device is configured in order to hold material in the awl intercalated disc.

20. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this device is configured in order to replace an awl intercalated disc.

21. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this filler comprises at least a material in the cohort of being made up of polymer, hydrogel and elastomer.

22. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this air bag is porous.

23. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this device is configured in order to hold material in bone.

24. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this device is configured in order to treatment bone.

25. the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, this device is configured to as the distraction utensil.

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