CN1877572A - Self-adaptive program calling method for information interchange in heterochronous environments - Google Patents
Self-adaptive program calling method for information interchange in heterochronous environments Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The adaptive program calling method for information exchange in heterogeneous environments comprises: converting the product model data into the object model then the extended mark language file; converting last file into neutral-format data flow by the extended mode list language to load into the knowledge base and realize the mapping between data and KB case. This invention reduces the development cycle to respond market change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of information switching method, relate in particular to a kind of self-adapting program call method that is used for message exchange between the heterogeneous environment.
Background technology
Product development has critical role and effect in the process of corporate operation, it is faced with the industry competition that increasingly sharpens, the production technology of fast updating and increasingly sophisticated world market, more and more need to shorten the time of product development in order to meet the need of market, these are challenged all an urgent demands KBS Knowledge Based System are applied in the exchange and renewal of relevant product information.
Yet, link up and not enoughly usually to cause the slip-stick artist under correct product specification version, to work, particularly at current product day by day under the complicated situation, owing to lack cooperation between the team, the parts of designer's design possibly can't mate mutually.Current product data management (PDM) is used in the appropriate information of special time transmission, so that improve the cooperation between the various function groups.Information available is considerable in the commitment of product development, because cost of products depends on this stage to a great extent.Therefore, make product design in team, more early be confirmed and understand the trend that is worth advocating beyond doubt.
Under current kownledge economy trend, most of value-added services needed the support of appropriate information before practical operation, providing design according to consumer's requirement is exactly a kind of birth process in the ascendant, is irreversible trend from original equipment manufacturer (OEM) to the normal form transformation of Original Design Manufacturer (ODM), the slip-stick artist need based on they the past experience and knowledge but not concrete planning and analyze and carry out product Design Decision Making, thereby finish every order.In order to strengthen the agility of design, effective cooperation can make the designer obtain capacity information in order to decision-making.The situation that is difficult to obtain information needed has become history, people can obtain bulk information easily within several minutes now, but some information is still because exchanges data barrier and can't be obtained, because each company has own proprietary input and output file, these files may belong to different field and have different semantemes.
The effect that enterprise's knowledge base is once brought into play in enterprise is described here.Enterprise's knowledge base comprises enterprise database, but intension is more extensive, comprises all information relevant with enterprise and knowledge.Knowledge base does not have any fixing pattern, but will decide according to the concrete condition of tissue, it is online for example can be based upon enterprises, is made of the software that is installed on the server, the employee can utilize this system to read communique and search historical events, and meets on virtual bulletin board each other.The content of this knowledge base can comprise: the inside information of human resource situation, the required technical ability of position and evaluation method, all departments of company and various places branch office, major event, customer information, rival and the affiliate's data that company takes place in history, the researchist's of intra-company research document and research report or the like.Some leading companys find that in the process of quickening new product development speed the technical matters more than 60% run in the development Experience in other groups in fact and obtained solution.Obviously, if set up one " best approach knowledge base ", allow everyone share other people experience, just the probability that repeats of attenuating problem significantly can improve the speed of new product output nearly one times.Simultaneously, commercial applications softwares such as database are very easy to the establishment and the use of knowledge base, help enterprise's knowledge base system software to realize function and characteristics such as integration, export-oriented, decision support.By setting up knowledge base, can accumulate and preserve the information and the Knowledge Assets of enterprise, accelerate the circulation of internal information and knowledge, realize sharing of organization internal knowledge, be in particular in: make information and knowledge ordering; Accelerate flowing of knowledge and information, help knowledge sharing and exchange; Help realizing cooperation and the communication organized; Help the effective management of enterprise's realization to customer knowledge.
Some product data standards and Information Exchange System have been suggested and have been used for supporting that the designer carries out information management and swap data in concurrent engineerings, and this just needs a kind of universal standard that helps exchanges data, so electronic data interchange (EDI) arises at the historic moment.EDI makes the processing of structuring business document be able to standardization, and these business documents are such as comprising order form, issue voucher, payment, dispensing, delivery time table or the like.EDI is translated into the commercial language that the whole world is understood with these files, and utilizes the telecommunication link of safety to transmit between the trading partner.Yet the great number cost that EDI implements and safeguards can't bear in medium and small sized enterprises, so utilization can be expanded, extending mark language (XML) readable and synchrodata is expected to replace the inflexible EDI of structure.
Therefore, facilitated the appearance of KBS Knowledge Based System, these system supplymentaries related personnel grasps knowledge behind the coding to finish inter-related task, greatly depends on information updating, and utilizes corresponding algorithm to come decipher knowledge.But what consider usually is the new technology that how to obtain to strengthen the decipher algorithm, so that realize effective knowledge sharing and utilization again, the connection between the federated database of KBS Knowledge Based System and storage up-to-date information is often out in the cold.The exchanges data of poor efficiency can cause the forfeiture of data accuracy between the Heterogeneous systems, is unfavorable for product development technology.
What majority were concerned about is to make up class figure, and does not consider modeling is carried out in dynamic behaviour, even noticed dynamic behaviour, has but ignored polymorphism, has only described the definition and the general purpose function of class.Object modeling technique is mainly paid close attention to structural modeling, but seldom relates to ethological modeling.The core of behavior modeling is different with data flow diagram (DFD), and the latter is considered to OO design of right and wrong and analysis.Simultaneously, object technology only is used to design and analyzes, because it has been generally acknowledged that only utilizing single technology is the complexity that can reduce analytic process.Yet, when facing the new problem relevant, seem not apply and use with the business environment that constantly changes.As a result, should in enterprise information system, use object model and data stream simultaneously.
Recall the prior art relevant below with product development.Current manufacturing industry is faced with the challenge that environment constantly changes, need will outstanding product data management (PDM) system applies to commercial pursuit flow and production run in to carry out efficient data management, this means that PDM will be by the access of coordination and control information, in the manufacturing lifetime of complexity inner control and manipulation data, thereby optimize these processes.
What traditional procedural mode was paid close attention to is contents processing and step, and OO mode helps to obtain better cognitive model.Object technology has been applied among the PDM as a kind of modeling technique, and its entity with real world is interpreted as the object with remarkable identity and feature.Object technology instructs the related personnel to think deeply relation between target entity and target entity and the consumer, has changed programmer's form of thinking, and Essential Terms for example comprise object, class, behavior, attribute, inheritance, polymorphism or the like.In various business environments, object technology has obtained confirmation in the applicability aspect heavy usability and the reconstruct, begins to expand to the product development field from traditional field such as area of computer aided planning, assembly systems.
When general data exchange standard was unavailable, the data communication between the Heterogeneous systems became the most important thing.Extending mark language (XML) is as a kind of emerging technology, can manipulation in different platforms and system, storage and swap data or metadata, be considered to follow-on data representation means, and it helps the active data exchange making Application for Field.XML is actually a kind of file media, will be assembled from the information of various resources, and encode under general smart electronics form.For example, XML by network technology, allows consumer and each member of supply chain to design, make up and dispose product and service mutually collaboratively in the application of ecommerce, realizes making full use of of key message.
Product data SGML (PDML) provides a kind of new normal form for the product data exchange, and it has defined a cover application program transaction set, is used for the explicit data request, helps the comprehensive and cooperation of business process.XML also is considered to be in data configuration or the coding mode under the data designated structure design principle.Make SGML (MML) and also incorporate XML into, exchange manufacturability request and product information between different Agents, and under policy setting, provide key model and integrated overview thereof, accurate and agreement is made up with distributed objects standard and network mark, sets up the object net under integrated products and process development (IPPD) environment.This mode allows the independent access to enterprise's knowledge base, and decision support function is provided, to realize effectively design and to make.So far, XML has formed more complete enterprise solution as a kind of network mark standard and agreement of management of metadata with product data management (PDM).
But, when object technology is applied to manufacturing system, in product development technology, lack the contact between object technology and the XML.Innumerable about the technology that realizes the exchange of effective product data, but such problem does not obtain due attention: how to cross over company database and knowledge base, realize general exchanges data, thereby in product development, effectively utilize the knowledge of storing in the knowledge base.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of self-adapting program call method that is used for message exchange between the heterogeneous environment, it can strengthen the Products Development operation, this self-adapting program call method to finish same operation, is realized the response for environmental stimuli by the various programs of reconstruct.This self-adapting program call method adopts ripe object technology, such as polymorphism and inheritance, to support the management of model change.At first, by under different condition with the comprehensive a plurality of programs of specific form, implement concrete operations; Then, by the reconstruct inherited attribute,, thereby sorting technique is applied to support the identification of model change request so that be that new situation is revised the result.These reconfigurable methods are used for handling dynamic environment again.
When an object starts a message, can in information signature, stipulate its form, in order to specify pending method name and parameter to be comprised.Same operation can be applicable to different classes, and such operation is called as " polymorphism ", and it is illustrated in and shows as multi-form same operation in the different classes.Usually, a kind of program is used to realize the operation of a class.Yet in the present invention, an operation also can be by realizing with the comprehensive multiple program of specific form under different conditions.A kind of self-adapting program call method that is used for message exchange between the heterogeneous environment provided by the invention is intended to make object can call various actions to be used for same message, and surmount predefined succession operation, thereby standard procedure is used further to the product development activity neatly, and procedural problem and the assessment current state basic by identification in the management of life of product phase adapt to dynamic market.
Self-adapting program call method of the present invention is intended to utilize object model to represent processing between the data object and relation in the product development environment, thereby the data with business activity and regular job in vertiginous corporate environment are complementary, and realize a kind of adaptive approach of useful production environment with the raising product development efficiency of can being convenient to set up.
In order to realize " dynamically " message exchange ability, the present invention merges object technology and product information script, helps effective information exchanging process.Can adopt general extending mark language, come the exchanges data between fulfillment database and the knowledge base, thereby the real time data of making and knowledge are available in whole enterprise.Just, the invention enables the new product data-selected scheme formulism that is used for the product development starting stage, allow for identical message call various actions, surmount predefined succession operation, thereby can in the product design process of iteration, make relevance formulaization flexibly.
Provided by the invention under heterogeneous environment the method and system of swap data be based on the formation of standard, for example the information bidirectional exchange between the disparate databases model realized in product information mark language (PIML).This method and system has utilized the characteristic (such as polymorphism and inheritance) of the object technology of a part that forms PIML, improves the product information switching performance thus.Different with existing data integration mode, PIML uses extending mark language (XML), formed the universal standard (being that PIML is the revision of XML), the flexi mode that is used for exchange message with platform independence is provided, it provides accurate semantic description by utilizing object technology, forms general data exchange standard, no matter uses which kind of platform, PIML can both support extensive various application programs, utilizes document dbject model (DOM) to present file.This cross-platform data exchange system helps to set up useful product development environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the fundamental mechanism figure according to object-based knowledge integrated system of the present invention (OBKIS);
Fig. 2 shows the process flow diagram that is used for the self-adapting program call method of message exchange between the heterogeneous environment according to of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the concept hierarchy figure according to OBKIS of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the data flow diagram (DFD) that is used for data Layer;
Fig. 5 shows the entity relationship diagram of physical layer;
Fig. 6 shows the object model diagram of dynamic object layer; And
Fig. 7 shows the surface chart of case-based reasoning among the PIML (CBR).
Embodiment
Have compatibility and interactivity according to object-based knowledge integrated system of the present invention (OBKIS), the key component that constitutes this system has following feature:
Collaborative---access and exchange message between the trading partner;
Harmony---keep the interdepartmental unimpeded operation of organization internal;
Agility---because similar incident appears under the different situations,, thereby be dynamic under various environment so this system should have the ability of reconstruct various actions;
Intelligent---utilize artificial intelligence, the fluctuation product or service market and deal with problems in the manufacturing environment flexibly;
Data sync---the data from relational database should often be replicated or move in the knowledge store storehouse.
In view of the demand of enterprise information system, OBKIS of the present invention has utilized the Object-oriented Technique that is used for system modelling to develop, because this technology has been considered following utilization again, can have been safeguarded and less later stage mistake.Product information mark language (PIML) (comprising extending mark language (XML)) is as the data exchange medium on the information base frame, and irrelevant with platform and system environments within the tissue.PIML also helps the product development of collaboration type, and Team Member can be the colleague of same tissue or strategic partner's personnel.
In enterprise information system, the enforcement of every method of operating all needs mass data, and these data are corporate assets, and knowledge then is individual intellectual capital.Although data, information and knowledge can be distinguished by different definition, their interconnection each other are undeniable.When the knowledge store library storage the example and the fact, " case-based reasoning (the CBR) " interface engine that is connected in relational database had formed integrated system.OBKIS of the present invention has dynamic attribute, and it is along with being increased by the experience of case-based reasoning representative, thereby allows the user to operate for knowledge, and these knowledge are subjected to the more new data support from relational database.OBKIS pays close attention to the comprehensive of company database and knowledge base.The product data of storing in the database are converted into neutral form, because the data in the disparate databases system can be exported to neutral form and the knowledge base that assimilates.Most of KBS Knowledge Based Systems can be supported neutral form, but it is still very hard to handle transition process, such as the relative territory of search in relational database, and export to appropriate position in the knowledge store storehouse.So adopt the objectification mode, it converts relational data base schema to object model based on the technology that is associated with object technology.Objectification can become the object form that is mutually related with aggregate of data, and relevant with it feature is provided, such as inheritance, polymorphism and encapsulation.In case by reconstruct, product data can be converted into XML based on PIML to data under object form.PIML is an intergrade, connects client and database.Specifically, PIML requires a kind of organized file structure that is used for exchanges data, utilize these with information extraction, change and relevant data message such as inquiry file.The OBKIS framework as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, in this explanation be: PIML is by the XML development, is used for remedying the difference with flexible language (expandable andflexible language) evolution expanded that is used for product data management.Therefore, XML can combine with XSL, produces to be used for other system, enterprise and KBS Knowledge Based System (a kind of KBS Knowledge Based System is CBR).The detail operations process of PIML is as shown in the oval frame in the lower right corner.
The hierarchical nature of OBKIS reflects in layer figure, comprises data Layer, physical layer and dynamic object layer.Every layer input and output are shown in Figure 3.Decipher rule and judgment rule transmit through on each course, and decision-making and inquiry then are downward transmissions.
The OBKIS data Layer is characterised in that and utilizes data flow diagram (DFD) to carry out system modelling, comprehensive diverse network is handled, such as conversion and swap data, it is the basic layer of OBKIS, helps the streams data between the layer assembly, common layer assembly comprises: data processing, it is described in the circulation of DFD to some extent, and encapsulated information in data structure or the data is changed, and sets up new information, wherein utilized context graph to file, summarized the processing of total system for system; Data storage, it comprises computer system, CAD storehouse and statistical system, allows data storage standby, does not carry out any operation, but allow input value to be different from output valve, because inlet flow may be by appending, delete element or changing the data that numerical value is revised storage; The participant, its production and consumption data are OBKIS data Layer main " data drivers ", use box indicating in the drawings, be positioned on the figure border, also be termination person simultaneously, such as individual, tissue or system; Data stream, it is expressed as →, it has formed between these processing and the data storage or the data flow line between these processing and the participant, representing the data value of some critical point place within calculating or the analyzing and processing, data stream is divided into control stream substantially, is upgraded stream and result's stream in different transition periods, bearing different roles.
The rule that makes up data Layer comprises: be available and when only an inlet flow existed, a processing can be carried out its function at all inlet flows only; Do not allow to transmit identical data to two output stream from identical processing.If handle and produce a plurality of data stream for one, then these data stream are to repel mutually; In order to solve the problem that produces a plurality of data stream, data stream can be divided into two, and two data stream also can integrate.
The physical layer of OBKIS identified data entity type and between relation, comprise entity type, relation, connectedness, entity identification and description.Entity type E comprises the participant A in the OBKIS data Layer, can also be resource R or transaction.Concern that R is two entity R (Ea, associations that exist between Eb).Connectedness is the number of times that an entity and another entity are related, and comprises one to one, three types of one-to-many and multi-to-multis, can be expressed as R (R respectively
a 1, E
b 1), (R
a 1, E
b m) and (R
a m, E
b m).Entity identification and description (I﹠amp; D) in order to identify and to describe the appearance of each entity.
The dynamic object layer of OBKIS is made up of object.Object (or example of class) can be defined as having the entity of behavior.Class is a group objects, and these objects have similar features, public operation and unified behavior.Inheritance is a yard shared mechanism.The subclass of class has been inherited the data structure and the behavior of superclass, but the specific operation and the attribute that contain superclass and do not had.Different objects has different role or identity in the OBKIS object layer.Behavior can be the operation in the program code, and wherein these operate in and are encoded as method or function in OO program language or the Data Base Management System of Object Oriented.People's activity or environmental change have caused state variation.Dynamic object moves its operation, and these operations are carried out access to the peculiar data of this object.Utilize the data of object to come the method code of storing in the fulfillment database.For response environment changes, understand the note of object model, be important for dynamic object is filed.The note of object model illustrates in the lower right of Fig. 6.First territory has shown the title of class or object, second domain representation attribute, and the 3rd territory comprises the behavior of object.Specifically, the 3rd territory comprised the information that will be developed to function in object-oriented program.Relation between objects has been described in object model, contained mutual type is come into plain view.Two big characteristics of OBKIS dynamic object layer are that polymorphism and inheritance will will further be explained in specific embodiment, wherein: polymorphism is meant " occurring down multi-form ", can be described as the behavior of a plurality of entities, but have different program codes to realize identical target with same names and implication; Inheritance then is the mechanism of share similar feature.
What deserves to be mentioned is the ability of access and exchange each side (such as dealer, consumer and manufacturer) data.The barrier of breaking between the each side is useful for cooperation, can guarantee unobstructed information flow.In case the data in the relational database are by objectification, in object model with these data structureizations, thereby pave the way for the application of product information mark language (PIML).PIML comprises three parts, and promptly extending mark language (XML), extensible stylesheet list language conversion (XSLT) and script provide general product information exchange standard, " knowledge worker " is obtained fully and information accurately.Specifically, PIML is mainly used in product design, has contained the information relevant with manufacture process and engineering analysis.PIML helps data conversion is become three kinds of different-formats, such as: the XML that is used for other system; The HTML(Hypertext Markup Language) that is used for supplier and consumer; And the text formatting that is used for KBS Knowledge Based System.
The general data source of case library comes from relational database (for example Microsoft sql server).Heterogeneous database can only be accepted the exchanges data under the neutral form, and a kind of just exchange standard that can be supported by most databases of XML.In order to form being connected between relational database and the case library, the data of relational database at first are converted into XML, because the decipher pattern and the case library of database are far from each other, so need be by extensible stylesheet list language conversion (XSLT) in inquiry transaction or data conversion, XSLT supports the programming current control, this helps data are used these rules, becomes the needed knowledge of KBS Knowledge Based System then and then with these data conversions.PIML reads XML source file and related XSLT style sheet.PIML becomes node tree with XML file and related XSLT document analysis thereof, and each node is corresponding to XML document element or attribute.According to the standard of XSLT, the XSLT conversion is applied to the source tree with the tree that bears results.These bearing-age trees are turned to output file by sequence, are respectively XML, HTML or other text formattings.In other words, the data in relational database have been used as after the output of XML file, and the XSLT that is associated is read and is resolved in source and the style sheet tree.The pattern rule of stating among the XSLT is applied to each the coupling XML element in the source tree, the application of the pattern rule tree that can bear results.In case bearing-age tree is turned to character stream by sequence, this XML stream just is imported into case library.
Because XML contains the metadata of underlined annotations and comments, HTML is easier to present than XML, and the authorized party can check data under more familiar form (HTML).XSLT also can carry out conversion to the Document type data that can export to KBS Knowledge Based System, because the data of neutral form can be used as the data source that is used for based on knowledge system.Then, become the precious resources in knowledge store storehouse by objectification and the more new data in the relational database that is transformed to XML, the user can utilize these knowledge by interface engine via user interface.This interface engine provides inferential capability, for variety of issue is offered suggestions.When the past, similar example was applicable to the product development activity, in case-based reasoning (CBR), can obtain inferred results.
Simple decision logic stream can utilize XSLT to encode, and XSLT is the programming language with current control, contains such as＜xsl:if 〉,＜xsl:for-each,＜xsl:choose etc. mark.These marks help the designer to extract explicit knowledge.In order to realize the complex logic stream of operational decisions, XSLT allows VB script, java script, C++ to operate with XML.The dynamic behaviour of object is carried out by loading java script and VB script.
The process flow diagram that is used for the self-adapting program call method of message exchange between the heterogeneous environment according to of the present invention has been shown among Fig. 2.
At first, according to the variation of produce market, for example the consumer sets up the data model of new product to the demand of product, and to the new product model data of enterprise database input.
Then, utilize Object-oriented Technique, for example object oriented programming languages is converted to object model with the product model data in the database, and (XML) file that further is converted to extending mark language.
In order to allow the product data of upgrading in other system, affiliate, the knowledge base shared data bank, utilize extensible stylesheet table (XSL) language, the XML file is transformed to the data stream of neutral-data form.
And then, the data stream under the neutral form is imported in enterprise's knowledge base the data map between the data of realization enterprise database and the example of enterprise's knowledge base.
Via the case-based reasoning interface engine, from enterprise's knowledge base, fetch example, as the New Product's Design reference scheme.
And, when the product model data are carried out object modeling, the entity etc. of handling relevant operation with product data in the product development process, having a behavior is carried out modeling.
When the object initiation message after the modeling, in information signature, specify pending program name and parameter to be comprised, every program is used to realize the operation of a class object, these operations can realize by multiple program under the XML form.
Above-mentioned object model has polymorphism and inheritance, and comprises title-domain, Attribute domain and behavior territory, as shown in Figure 6.
As shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned neutral-data form comprises extending mark language form, HTML(Hypertext Markup Language) form and the text formatting that is used for other infosystems.
Except utilizing the XSL language to carry out also can utilizing VB script, java script, C++ the conversion of XML file, the XML file is carried out conversion, realize dynamic information processing capability.
For dynamic and the validity that keeps the example knowledge base, for each example is provided with the confidence value parameter, example that this value of information parametric representation is fetched solves the success ratio of product design problem, and equal the increasing and dynamic growth along with product designer's experience of the quantity of the content of enterprise's knowledge base and example.
Be example with electronics manufacturer GSL below, further explain specific embodiments of the invention.In GSL, commercial operation needs the hundreds of product specification of the annual processing of veteran product designer.Need the designer to possess a large amount of experiences in the past and can use the data of storing in proprietary and Database Systems of separating and the platform effectively.Old programming system needs higher cost and long period just can develop new product, influenced the progress of product development, GSL recognizes that gradually XML can be used as general data standard, and then utilize a kind of all-round solution, generation has the standard of enriching of powerful cooperation performance, the combination of Here it is object technology and PIML is in order to produce the new product standard and to estimate the effect of design variation.The enforcement of each design variation is carried out according to inside and outside factor, and active data transmission here is necessary.Seamless integrated with rear end miscellaneous business data system guaranteed that all information relevant with the processing of different departments can be by quick access and assimilation in product design process.Each layer details of GSL electronic product in the exploitation lifetime is as described below.
At first data Layer is described with reference to Fig. 4.Data Layer has identified the data conversion in the product development, at first comprises by market survey usually and collects Consumer Preferences.Data flow diagram (DFD) is used for the conceptual design of system is become logical design, is conceived to the information flow of product development technology between various functional departments.The consumer is identified as " participant " in DFD, partly provide consumer demand to the marketing of GSL.From market survey, develop and product specification, be used to optimize product design.According to this product specification, the mechanical engineer draws to the PCB that stores in the CAD storehouse and develops.Before the final version distribution that PCB draws, the PCB design specification need obtain slip-stick artist's approval.Draw according to this PCB, the toolmaker produces mould, anchor clamps and steady arm by reference tool CAD, and these instruments will be used for the production of new product.Before reaching predetermined quality standard, constantly make amendment.In case the measurement result that produces is accepted, begin to carry out trial run.If trial run is successful, then produces in batches, and finished product is distributed to the retailer.Fig. 4 shows from conceptual design, design review (check) (DR), tool making, trial run, the large-scale production data processing until final arrival retail sales.
With reference to Fig. 5 the entity relationship layer is described then.The product development lifetime comprises a large amount of activities and task.Fig. 5 has only described Product Definition, design and the development phase in the whole exploitation lifetime shown in Figure 4.Entity-relation (ER) map logo the static state and the structural relation of physics and conceptual entity.Can be divided into feasible design variation and infeasible design variation with the product specification for the Base Design inspection.Fig. 5 shows the structural relation of design review (check) (DR), has used the noncrossing rule of ER figure, because the example of superclass type can not be the member of two (or more) subtypes.In order to revise previously design, the designer can be with reference to product documentation, and such as Technical Analysis Report, this report comprises printed circuit board diagram and assembly drawing.If the example of superclass type is the member of two (or more) subtypes simultaneously, then can use the crossover rule of ER figure.
Refer again to Fig. 6 the dynamic object layer is described.For treatment product design review (check) (DR) during the product development in early days, Fig. 6 shows the characteristic of object model, i.e. inheritance and polymorphism by " deletion design variation " behavior of object " design review (check) (DR) "." design review (check) (DR) " is be evaluated as " feasible design variation " and " infeasible design variation ".Relation between superclass (design review (check) (DR)) and the subclass (infeasible design variation and feasible design variation) connects the inheritance of its object of having demonstrated with triangle arrow.The public behavior of superclass comprises " interpolation design variation " and " deletion design variation ", is inherited " feasible actual change " and " infeasible design variation ".The attribute of " design review (check) (DR) " comprises " checking numbering ", " dash number ", " inspect-type ", " inspection details " and " note ", is also inherited " feasible actual change " and " infeasible design variation ".Because these behaviors and these attributes are all inherited by superclass, so need not to rewrite the behavior and the attribute of these subclasses.Yet can find that behavior " deletion design variation " appears under the subclass " feasible design variation ".This has shown different situations because of " deletion design variation " in the superclass " design review (check) (DR) ", but has identical statement.In order to implement these design variation, need all departments to implement same operation respectively, just several methods is combined, to carry out an operation, this extension notion " restructural method call " that is polymorphism (TRMI) in good time, it constructs integrated infosystem by adopting object technology.These methods that are combined for example comprise: estimate productive capacity 1.; 2. check manufacturing plan sheet; 3. make a strategic decision (accepting or the refusal design variation); 4. announcement is produced and control of material department; 5. hold consultation with marketing department; 6. implement a plurality of design variation processes; 7. deletion design variation; Or the like.
When not having enough productive capacity to be used for this design variation, need deletion design feature new or revision, the behavior is shown in the superclass." design review (check) (DR) " and " deletion design variation " is integrated into subclass " infeasible design variation ".Therefore, under sequence 1-2-3 (refusal)-5-7, carry out these methods.
When the example of feasible design occurring, operation " deletion design variation " operation after the design variation processing has been finished.Therefore, under sequence 1-2-3 (acceptance)-4-6-7, carry out these methods.
The identical statement of behavior " deletion design variation " has identical implication, is not allowed in process procedures in the past, because can't distinguish the semanteme of " deletion design review (check) (DR) details ".Yet object-oriented program allows " polymorphism ".The subclass version of operation " deletion design variation " has surmounted the version from superclass, because this system is more prone to use the operation version from subclass, is not always the case for this subclass and derived class thereof.
In Fig. 4, the data flow diagram of product development (DFD) shows the various process in the GSL of the manufacturer product development, comprises investigation, data processing, product specification acceptance, PCB exploitation, design review (check) (DR), too development and modification are shown.Among these processes, will inquire into design review (check) (DR) particularly.
Fig. 5 shows static data structure, and Fig. 6 shows the dynamic behaviour relevant with the design review (check) (DR) of GSL.To illustrate below how PIML utilizes the object model among Fig. 6, swap data between KBS Knowledge Based System and database.
Suppose that sales department's door received change request by Email, the Marketing Supervisor imports data in database.The product design of GSL changes the variation that comprises size, place and material etc.Data in the sql server are transformed to XML.
The slip-stick artist need consult revised specification, and the plan of arranging production again.They browse HTML through enterprise network, and HTML is the output file that XSLT and XML produce here.Experienced slip-stick artist judges whether these design variation are influential for the sequence process, obtains possible suggestion simultaneously from case-based reasoning (CBR) system.The XSLT of PIML is the programming language with data flow con-trol, comprises＜xsl:if 〉,＜xsl:for-each,＜xsl:choose etc. label.If new product design need change material, then the slip-stick artist can find possible solution from the CBR system.
The recommendation that data among the XML comprise " inspect-type ", " pattern number ", " dash number ", " inspection details " and experienced slip-stick artist can utilize XSLT that XML is exported to KBS Knowledge Based System.By data map, will not be subjected to the neutral formatted file of platform specific or operating system constraint to be incorporated into case-based reasoning (CBR) system.The data map of contact PIML and CBR comprises such data map structure, and it is used for each form of company database is mapped to the knowledge store storehouse.
The slip-stick artist fetches the in the past record similar to new design variation.They can also utilize PIML to find such as results such as delay and mechanical defects after sending change request.Fig. 7 shows the PIML interface that utilizes after the CBR function encapsulates.For example, can use a kind of commercial CBR software Kaidara, it can help to solve the New Product's Design problem by fetching similar example in the past.
XSLT allows VB script, java script, C++ to use with XML, thereby by specific sentence structure, realizes more dynamic PIML.System after strengthening by java script carries out dynamic and two-way alternately with the production module, obtains the engineering information of necessity, such as specified yield-power, normal output and job priority.Java script within the PIML can provide the access to the critical data source, this access and context-sensitive, and these data sources are used to realize foregoing polymorphism.
OBKIS reconstitutes OO form with relational database, and that this form has brought is more effective, efficient, stable data and knowledge integrated system, and it is concrete implements to comprise three steps.First step be by object technology with relational database formulism, and identify these objects and class.In case defined class, also need to discern relative attribute and behavior, and set up the incidence relation between the class.A key difference between relational database and the Object-oriented Technique is that the many-to-many relationship in the object modeling needs by normalization.Second step is that object is embedded in the XML content.Each object can simply be interpreted as XML＜tag〉entity.Except metadata static shown in the XML, also encode for the dynamic behaviour of object, and allow the user to come the display format of customization data output by XSLT by script.Should study user's custom and term/vocabulary, so that PIML and user successfully carry out alternately.Third step is domain test, and collects user's feedback.The prototype of PIML has shown the applicability of XML technology and seamless exchanges data, and more simplifies and cheapness.
CBR belongs to artificial intelligence, and is relevant with reasoning by analogy.When making up case library, the example that needs to keep abundant is in order to deal with problems; On the other hand, case library is not excessive yet, otherwise influence is fetched the time.The max cap. of case library need be set, and record solves the success ratio of problem by the example of fetching.In addition, owing to accumulate increasing example day by day,, also need to pay close attention to " example ability " from the angle that case library is safeguarded.Along with the variation of business environment, example is constantly development also, need make regular check on the ability that original example solves new problem.Although case-based reasoning can utilize the example of fetching to solve new problem, still need artificial intelligence to respond fast when running into unexpected the variation.In the competitive environment of continually varying, the confidence value of the example of fetching will be lower than normal condition.The confidence value can reflect whether support solutions of the example fetched.Can come the confidence metric value from aspects such as similarity, typicalness and deviations, just: fetch similarity, inquiry example and common number of attributes, the estimated value of each selected properties and the estimated value of inquiry of storage paradigms between example and the inquiry example.Wherein, the confidence value is directly proportional with similarity and typicalness, is inversely proportional to deviation.Fetch for example, similarity is played the part of pivotal player in the confidence level, and the weight of attribute is the major parameter of " nearest (NN) " algorithm.Therefore, should carefully regulate the weight of attribute.
OBKIS can provide agility, self-learning capability and advantage such as customizable.The normal form that manufacturing industry took place to change in nearly ten years has become and has more and more depended on the quick response and the agility of infosystem.By utilizing Object-oriented Technique, can organize, handle and handle these information according to the object of the described real world of information.Object is the unit of " oneself comprises " substantially, and they have encapsulated various information and the algorithm that is used to carry out operation.Adoptive introducing has reduced product result's complicacy, because defined public operation in superclass.Because new consumer demand may trigger variation, so need make amendment to product development technology.The TRMI that can be initialised and operate separately under specific subclass makes enterprise can in time handle unscheduled event, thereby is applicable to dynamic markets especially.
For adaptation to market variations, require the enterprise information system can access and manipulation data, thereby the representation of knowledge can obtain the more support of new data.By introducing the logical OR heuristic rule, the solution of revising example in the past is to solve new problem, and this has showed the adaptive type learning ability of system.
Because many X factors are dispersed throughout in the whole design process, so regard product design as repeatedly process.PIML can handle product data by the XML pattern as a kind of product information standard.Except in static data structure, utilizing XSD to represent the XML, also described about how carrying out another feature of the OBKIS of dynamic behaviour.Unique class is customized, thereby each class has its factum, with differently reaction under various conditions.
In brief, PIML sets up as follows.
1. set up the product development model, comprising: the identification consumer demand; Definition design input requirement; Definition product development technology; The workflow of sign product development technology, these workflows make product development technology connect each other;
2. model conversion is become object model, comprising: sign object, behavior (dynamically) and attribute (static state); Sign relevance (static inheritance, dynamic polymorphism); The structure object model;
3. object model is transformed to the XML pattern, comprises: the analogy between identification XML pattern and the object model; Structure XML pattern needs to consider data field, the data type of attribute, the parameters such as maximum/minimum length of element; Utilize the PIML feature to come the XML data are carried out modeling, these features comprise relevance between object/class, inheritance, polymorphism etc.
In the superincumbent description, OBKIS of the present invention combines object technology with the PIML of containing XML and case-based reasoning means, strengthens the validity of data assimilation, thereby supports product data management in the circulation of the phase life of product.In general, the notable feature of OBKIS comprises: (1) agility: be used for the accident variation that treatment product exploitation commitment occurs; (2) learn by oneself habit: be used for the data between the conversion Heterogeneous systems; (3) customizability: be used for fundamentally construction data scheme, to handle the product development technology of continuous development.During software development, object technology plays the instrument effect, in order to essential characteristic and the function that realizes this system.Except object technology, also can incorporate other emerging technologies into, be used to form the trunk of system framework, comprising: (i) TRMI is used for reconstructing method under different situations; (ii) XML is used for carrying out exchanges data with platform or operating system independent ground.
System and method of the present invention is developed the universal model that database is connected with the knowledge store storehouse, so as will be more new data from the company data library access to the knowledge store storehouse.The market of fluctuation and the consumer demand of variation have caused frequent design variation, and these variations can reflect by the dynamic layer of this system.The inference engine that interrelates with PIML can strengthen the response and the adaptability of total system, reaches the short time near the market demand with occupy the Enterprise's development goal of the big market share.
Cross-platform data exchange ways can help to set up useful development environment, thereby utilizes calculation and object to come management engineering changes and improvements product development activity.TRMI is characterised in that and is identical message call various actions, and surmounts predefined succession operation, thereby can make association process formulism flexibly in product design step repeatedly.Specifically, OKBIS provides general product information exchange standard, and this standard makes the knowledge worker can obtain fully and information accurately.The present invention is based on neutral-data, realized seamless exchanges data, this neutral-data file is transformed to the example thesaurus with company database.PIML has comprised the specific XML collection that is used for product development, has utilized structurized XML pattern, and understandable sentence structure and self-defining SGML are provided, thereby is satisfying specific needs aspect the product data exchange.
Although above described specific embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing, but those skilled in the art is to be understood that, these accompanying drawings and describe only be illustrative and nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is not limited to illustrated embodiment, but is determined by appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. a self-adapting program call method that is used for message exchange between the heterogeneous environment comprises the steps:
A) the product model data in the database are converted to object model, and further are converted to extended markup language file;
B) utilize the extensible stylesheet list language, described extended markup language file is transformed to the data stream of neutral-data form; And
C) described data stream is imported in the knowledge base, realize the data map between the example of described data of database and described knowledge base.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein before step a), also comprise the steps:
According to the variation in market, set up the new product model, and to database input product model data;
3. the method for claim 1, wherein after step c), also comprise the steps:
Via the case-based reasoning interface engine, from described knowledge base, fetch example, as the New Product's Design reference scheme.
4. when the method for claim 1, wherein in step a), the product model data being carried out object modeling, comprise and carry out modeling handling relevant operation with product data in the product development process.
5. when the method for claim 1, wherein in step a), the product model data being carried out object modeling, comprise that the entity with behavior to relating in the product development process carries out modeling.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 wherein, when the object initiation message after the modeling, is specified pending program name and parameter to be comprised in information signature.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described program is the production routine of standard, is used to realize the operation of a class object.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described operation can be carried out by multiple described program under described extending mark language form.
9. as claim 6 or 7 described methods, wherein, when described program does not satisfy design variation, delete and revise described program.
10. the method for claim 1, wherein described object model has polymorphism and inheritance.
11. the method for claim 1, wherein described object model comprises title-domain, Attribute domain and behavior territory.
12. the method for claim 1, wherein described neutral-data form comprises extending mark language form, HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) form and the text formatting that is used for other infosystems.
13. the method for claim 1, wherein also utilize VB script, java script, C++, extended markup language file carried out conversion.
14. the method for claim 1, wherein described example has the confidence value parameter, the example that this value of information parametric representation is fetched solves the success ratio of product design problem.
15. the method for claim 1, wherein equal the increasing and dynamic growth of the quantity of the content of described knowledge base and described example along with product design personnel experience.
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| CNB2005100761910A CN100416565C (en) | 2005-06-08 | 2005-06-08 | Self-adaptive program calling method for information interchange in heterochronous environments |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102136109A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-07-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | Product structure tree-based design flow dynamic modeling method |
| CN103955517A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-30 | 中国工商银行股份有限公司 | Method and system for converting data in documental database to relational database |
| CN107480365A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-15 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of stylized heterogeneous modeling |
| WO2018191979A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | 西门子公司 | Method and device for acquiring component related demand information |
| CN111178661A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-05-19 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | Apparatus and method for generating neutral data for product specifications |
| CN112632185A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-09 | 浪潮云信息技术股份公司 | Multi-type database synchronization method, device and equipment based on CPU environment |
| CN113015943A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-06-22 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | Device and method for configuring a production machine on the basis of product data |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2001237674A1 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-08-20 | Datachest.Com, Inc. | System for data management |
| CN1168032C (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2004-09-22 | 黎明网络有限公司 | Multijob data exchange method and device |
| US20030192041A1 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-09 | Mentze Duane E. | software distribution system and method |
| CN1145900C (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-04-14 | 杨炳儒 | Construction method of web excavating system |
-
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102136109A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-07-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | Product structure tree-based design flow dynamic modeling method |
| CN102136109B (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2014-11-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Product structure tree-based design flow dynamic modeling method |
| CN103955517A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-30 | 中国工商银行股份有限公司 | Method and system for converting data in documental database to relational database |
| CN103955517B (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2017-05-03 | 中国工商银行股份有限公司 | Method and system for converting data in documental database to relational database |
| WO2018191979A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | 西门子公司 | Method and device for acquiring component related demand information |
| CN107480365A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-15 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of stylized heterogeneous modeling |
| CN107480365B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-11-12 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of stylized heterogeneous modeling |
| CN111178661A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-05-19 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | Apparatus and method for generating neutral data for product specifications |
| CN113015943A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-06-22 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | Device and method for configuring a production machine on the basis of product data |
| CN111178661B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2023-09-19 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | Apparatus and method for generating neutral data of product specifications |
| CN112632185A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-09 | 浪潮云信息技术股份公司 | Multi-type database synchronization method, device and equipment based on CPU environment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1080275A2 (en) | 2006-04-21 |
| CN100416565C (en) | 2008-09-03 |
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