Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can overcome above-mentioned defective, technology is simple, processing quality good, the cycle is short, cost is low glass utensil mould production method.Its technology contents is:
A kind of glass utensil mould production method is characterized in that: 1. make the three-dimensional CAD moulding of glassware, and make the used colophony prototype of casting mould blank by rapidform machine; 2. make the used colophony prototype of casting electric discharging machining electrode; 3. make used core of cast glass die blank and wooden model; 4. the moulding of glass die blank and cast; 5. ZrO
2The preparation of fusible pattern and the casting of electric discharging machining electrode; 6. electrospark machining glass die blank, and its assembling made glass mold.
Described glass utensil mould production method, step 1. in the three-dimensional CAD moulding of glassware according to coming scanning samples to measure size with three-dimensional coordinates measurement/scanning machine or the glassware size that provides of utilization is come moulding, the three-dimensional CAD iconic model top that makes is upwards prolonged 10~15mm, generate the used three-dimensional CAD model of casting mould blank, then the three-dimensional CAD iconic model is sent in the control computer of laser fast shaping machine, makes the used colophony prototype of casting mould blank by rapidform machine.
Described glass utensil mould production method, step 2. in the three-dimensional CAD moulding of glassware according to coming scanning samples to measure size with three-dimensional coordinates measurement/scanning machine, perhaps utilize the glassware size that provides to come moulding, in modeling process, the size that records is amplified 0.5~1.5mm, and with step 1. in identical position, extension site upwards, top lengthening 50~80mm with this three-dimensional CAD moulding, generate the used three-dimensional CAD model of casting electric discharging machining electrode, and send it in the control computer of laser fast shaping machine, make the used colophony prototype of casting electric discharging machining electrode by rapidform machine.
Described glass utensil mould production method, step utilizes plaster mould to prepare the used core of cast glass die blank in 3., choose a rectangular sandbox, the colophony prototype that the casting mould blank that makes is used is put into the molding sand of sandbox sidewards, and the middle axial plane that makes this colophony prototype is positioned at 2~5mm place, top of the joint face of sandbox, surface brush last layer releasing agent at this colophony prototype, while is at the surface cushion last layer plastic cloth of sandbox molding sand, the top box of sandbox then closes, the calcium plaster for preparing is poured in the top box, consolidation evenly back is waited for gypsum sets, after treating that gypsum fully solidifies, open top box, then obtain having the cavity of former molded dimension, again top box is placed up, the nowel that closes fills up consolidation behind the molding sand, opens nowel then, then can obtain containing the nowel of core, the core in this nowel will form the inner chamber of mould.
External form according to glassware, make the three-dimensional CAD model of the used wooden model of cast glass die blank, the three-dimensional CAD model of this wooden model is two that split, make wooden model according to the three-dimensional CAD model of these two wooden models again, and on the outer ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of two wooden models, boss being set, the cavity that the butt joint of two wooden models constitutes is enough to put down core, and the upper/lower terminal size of cavity and core is measure-alike, core is placed in the cavity, and its upper/lower terminal correspondence is positioned at the upper/lower terminal of cavity.
Described glass utensil mould production method, step is positioned over wooden model on the nowel that contains core that has performed in 4., top box closes, cast gate is chosen in the top of core, puts into the molding sand consolidation then, die sinking, with the model demoulding in the top box, and leave ingate at the top of core, lead powder coating on the surface brush of last nowel is put into the baking kiln dry then; The last nowel that oven dry is later takes out from the baking kiln, and matched moulds, cast then treated to clean out sand after the foundry goods cooling, knocks out half blank that cast gate then obtains glass mold, and second half blank obtains by repeating above-mentioned steps.
The 5. middle ZrO of described glass utensil mould production method, step
2The preparation of fusible pattern, brushing caking agent and spill ZrO successively on the used colophony prototype of casting electric discharging machining electrode
2Particle, innermost layer are selected 300 purpose ZrO for use
2Particle, skin are selected 100 purpose ZrO for use
2Particle, every layer has been spilt ZrO
2After the particle, just put into baking oven and dry, and then brush next coating, wait ZrO
2Granular layer thickness reaches after the 20mm, is put into roasting in the van-type electric furnace again, and the upper temperature limit of setting chamber type electric resistance furnace is 1050 ℃, with the ZrO after the oven dry
2Fusible pattern is 300 ℃ of shove charges, and with the roasting that is rapidly heated of the temperature rise rate of 300 ℃/h, insulation is 40 minutes under 1050 ℃ temperature, and roasting is taken out air cooling, thereby made the ZrO of prototype after finishing
2Fusible pattern.
Described glass utensil mould production method, step be the manufacturing of middle electric discharging machining electrode 5., with medium-frequency induction furnace and crucible electrolytic copper is melted, and the teeming temperature of choosing copper liquid is 800 ℃, and the copper liquid that melts is poured into the ZrO that has made
2In the fusible pattern, treat to get rid of ZrO after the foundry goods cooling
2Fusible pattern then obtains the blank of electric discharging machining electrode, square shape is processed into milling machine so that clamping in the electrospark machining course of processing and location in the top of this blank, in addition, the surface of electrode blank is carried out can obtaining electric discharging machining electrode after the manual polished finish.
Described glass utensil mould production method, step 6. in, at first the binding surface of the two halves blank of glass mold is processed, realize the accurate location of two halves blank, then blank is placed on the platform of electric spark machinery, realize accurately location with electric discharging machining electrode, treat that electrospark machining is to returning later on than the size of glassware size amplification 0.5~1.5mm, again electric discharging machining electrode being turned over turnback processes, after twice processing, can make the electric discharging machining electrode of processing for the second time be enough to compensate the loss that adds the electric discharging machining electrode in man-hour for the first time, the die cavity that the two halves blank is constituted reaches the size requirement of amplifying 0.5~1.5mm than glassware size, the processing of second half blank also repeats above step, will obtain glass mold after the two halves blank assembling that process.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, adopts rapid shaping technique to prepare the material object of sample, made things convenient for design and modification the profile of sample;
2, directly utilize the core that mould forms dies cavity that turns over of the colophony prototype of rapid shaping preparation and plaster mould, make the process redundancy of die blank inner chamber reach the millimeter level, the dimensional precision that has increased blank has shortened the process-cycle;
3, directly utilize the colophony prototype and the investment cast technology of rapid shaping preparation to come the electrode of casting mould electrospark machining, make the precision of electrode reach a few tenths of a mm level, can satisfy the processing request of glass ware mould, shortened the manufacturing cycle of electrode and the machining cycle of mould, processing charges is lower;
4, this technology is particularly suitable for the manufacturing of the glass mold of complicated shape inner chamber, shape is complicated more, the characteristics of the prototype of any complicated shape of rapid shaping technique manufacturing embody just obviously more, because electrical discharge machining process mainly is that the manufacturing of electrode is relatively more difficult, so cavity shape is complicated more, the technical superiority of this technology embodies obviously more, and economic and social benefit embodies significantly more.
Embodiment
Below be the concrete operations step of making the glass cylinder mould:
1, makes the used colophony prototype of casting mould blank: the molded dimension of glass cylinder being measured CAD on ARES10-7-5 type three-dimensional coordinates measurement/scanning machine, utilize Pro/E software to carry out three-dimensional modeling according to the molded dimension that records, height with glass cylinder in the molded dimension that records in modeling process prolongs 15mm along the rim of a cup direction, the cylinder shape of size cup taking mouth size is prepared against glass ware forming later on its excision.The three-dimensional CAD iconic model that obtains is sent in the control computer of laser fast shaping machine, makes the used colophony prototype of casting mould blank by rapidform machine.
2, make the used colophony prototype of casting electric discharging machining electrode: utilize Pro/E software to carry out three-dimensional modeling the molded dimension that records, in modeling process, the molded dimension that records is amplified 1mm, as the surplus of cooling contraction in the later glass cylinder production process.In addition, at the rim of a cup position of prototype lengthening 50mm, in order that stay the dead head of casting and stay process redundancy for the clamping position of electrode.The three-dimensional CAD iconic model that obtains is sent in the control computer of laser fast shaping machine, makes the used colophony prototype of casting electric discharging machining electrode by rapidform machine.
3, utilize plaster mould to prepare the core of cast glass die blank: to choose a rectangular sandbox, the colophony prototype that the cast glass die blank that makes is used is put into the molding sand of sandbox sidewards, and the middle axial plane that makes colophony prototype is positioned at the 2mm place, top of the joint face of sandbox, at the surface brush last layer releasing agent of colophony prototype, the while is at the surface cushion last layer plastic cloth of sandbox molding sand.Then the close top box of sandbox pours into the calcium plaster for preparing in the top box, and consolidation evenly back is waited for gypsum sets.After treating that gypsum fully solidifies, open top box, then obtain having the cavity of former molded dimension.Top box is placed up, the nowel that closes fills up consolidation behind the molding sand, opens nowel then, then can obtain containing the nowel of core again, and the core in this nowel will form the inner chamber of glass mold.
4, make the used wooden model of casting mould blank: according to the external form of glassware, make the three-dimensional CAD model of the used wooden model of casting mould blank, the three-dimensional CAD model of this wooden model is two that split, make wooden model according to these two three-dimensional CAD models again, and on the outer ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of two wooden models, be provided for the fixed boss so that later on wooden model boring and tapping with the metallic rod of placement die sinking.The cavity that two wooden models butt joints constitutes is enough to put down core, and the upper/lower terminal size of cavity and core is measure-alike, and core is placed in the cavity, and its upper/lower terminal correspondence is positioned at the upper/lower terminal of cavity.
5, the moulding of die blank and cast: wooden model is positioned on the nowel that contains core that has performed, top box closes, cast gate is chosen in the rim of a cup position, put into the molding sand consolidation then, die sinking with the model demoulding in the top box, and is left ingate in the rim of a cup position, lead powder coating on the surface brush of last nowel is put into the baking kiln dry then.The last nowel that oven dry is later takes out from the baking kiln, and matched moulds, cast then treated to clean out sand after the foundry goods cooling, knocks out half blank that cast gate then obtains glass mold, and second half blank of glass mold can repeat above-mentioned steps and obtain.
6, ZrO
2The preparation of fusible pattern: brushing caking agent and spill ZrO successively on colophony prototype
2Particle, innermost layer are selected 300 purpose ZrO for use
2Particle, skin are selected 100 purpose ZrO for use
2Particle, every layer has been spilt ZrO
2After the particle, just put into baking oven and dry, and then brush next coating, wait ZrO
2Granular layer thickness reaches after the 20mm, is put into van-type resistance kiln roasting again, and the upper temperature limit of setting chamber type electric resistance furnace is 1050 ℃, with the ZrO after the oven dry
2Fusible pattern is 300 ℃ of shove charges, and with the roasting that is rapidly heated of the temperature rise rate of 300 ℃/h, insulation is 40 minutes under 1050 ℃ temperature, and roasting is taken out air cooling, thereby made the zirconium white fusible pattern of electric discharging machining electrode prototype after finishing.
7, the manufacturing of electric discharging machining electrode: with medium-frequency induction furnace and crucible electrolytic copper is melted, the teeming temperature of choosing copper liquid is 800 ℃, and the copper liquid that melts is poured into the ZrO that has made
2In the fusible pattern, treat to get rid of ZrO after the foundry goods cooling
2Fusible pattern then obtains the blank of electric discharging machining electrode.The bottleneck end of blank is processed into square shape with milling machine so that clamping in the edm process and location, in addition, the surface of electric discharging machining electrode blank carried out can obtaining electric discharging machining electrode after the polished finish by hand.
8, electrospark machining makes glass mold: at first the two halves blank binding surface of glass mold is processed, realized the accurate location of two halves blank.Then blank is placed on the platform of electric spark machinery, realizes accurately location, begin electrospark machining then with electric discharging machining electrode.Because electric discharging machining electrode is symmetric, so electrode is worked into than the size of glass cylinder size amplification 1mm and returns later on, again electrode is turned over turnback, repeat above step and process second half blank, the die cavity that the two halves blank is constituted reaches the size requirement of amplifying 1mm than glass cylinder, will then obtain glass mold after the mold halves assembling that process again.