CN1872441A - Heat bending processing method and device of metal tube - Google Patents
Heat bending processing method and device of metal tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN1872441A CN1872441A CNA2005101338961A CN200510133896A CN1872441A CN 1872441 A CN1872441 A CN 1872441A CN A2005101338961 A CNA2005101338961 A CN A2005101338961A CN 200510133896 A CN200510133896 A CN 200510133896A CN 1872441 A CN1872441 A CN 1872441A
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- metal tube
- mentioned
- bending
- heating
- cooling device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/16—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/02—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
- B21D7/024—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member
- B21D7/025—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member and pulling or pushing the ends of the work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/02—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
- B21D7/03—Apparatus with means to keep the profile in shape
Abstract
The invention relates to a hot-bending method for process metal tube and the device, which avoids irregular deformation caused by bending preparation and confinement corresponding to bending radius ratio. The front end of metal tube (1) hot-bending processed is held by front holding device (15) of bending arm (14) revolving by taking central axis (12) as center, back end of metal tube is held by back holding device (21) of pushing device (18) installed back of heating and cooling device (16), the pushing device (18) pushes metal tube forward, the revolving of bending arm is used for bending processing, which is carried out through holding metal tube by said two holding device according to the generated shrink range of elastic undergauge, and under condition of reducing flattening stress in surface cross to orbit of tube center caused by bending torque.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device that is used for the bending machining metal tube, particularly relate to round steel pipe or rectangular steel tube being carried out thermal flexure and add available method and device in man-hour.
Background technology
Straight tube is carried out the main flow that high frequency bending machining that bending machining forms bend pipe has become the high-quality method for manufacturing bent pipe.According to this method, can obtain bend pipe with the identical material of straight tube.In addition, also can easily form the bend of desired bending radius in the part of straight tube.
As processing the prior art that forms bent portion at the straight tube-like metal tube, known following patent documentation 1 by thermal flexure.Heating-cooling device, propulsion plant and bend arm that the device that utilizes high-frequency induction heating to carry out this patent documentation 1 of thermal flexure processing has ring-type; The heating-cooling device of this ring-type is around the short interval configuration of the metal tube that is subjected to bending machining, be used for the above-mentioned short interval of metal tube is carried out the induction coil of eddy-current heating in leading portion configuration, and backend configuration be used to follow the cooling device to cooling off by the heating part of the metal tube after this induction coil heating; The rear clamping device that this propulsion plant is disposed at the rear of this heating-cooling device and will controls the rear end side of metal tube is disposed at foremost, is used to make metal tube to advance towards tube hub line direction; It is one distolateral that the place ahead clamping device that this bend arm is disposed at the front side zone of above-mentioned heating-cooling device and will controls the front of metal tube is disposed at, and at another distolateral axis of rotation that is provided with, this axis of rotation is in from the settling position of above-mentioned heating-cooling device towards the position of leaving with the direction of the tube hub line quadrature of metal tube, and this bend arm is used for the advance route of the front of metal tube is constrained to arcuation.
In addition, in order to carry out the thermal flexure processing of metal tube by this device, carry out the differential action of the bending machining that constitutes by bending deformation process and fixed in shape process; In this bending deformation process, at first, control the both ends of metal tube with above-mentioned 2 clamping devices, then, on one side by eddy-current heating the short interval of tube hub line direction of metal tube is heated into the red heat state with ring-type by the heater of the leading portion of heating-cooling device, make the relative heating-cooling device of metal tube carry out advancing of tube hub line direction by the propulsion plant that is disposed at the heating-cooling device rear on one side, by the bend arm that rotates around the axle center advance route of the front of metal tube is restricted to arcuation ground and carries out the advance route restriction, metal tube is applied bending moment, thereby make the short interval generation flexural deformation of above-mentioned red heat; In this fixed in shape process, cool off the diastrophic position that in this bending deformation process, is through with by the cooling device of the back segment of heating-cooling device with following, thus the fixing above-mentioned diastrophic shape of having carried out; Advance by the above-mentioned of metal tube, the differential action of this bending machining is advanced to the rear end side of metal tube successively, bending machining is carried out in desired interval to metal tube, thereby the desired interval of the tube hub line direction of formation metal tube has been subjected to the curved tube portion of bending machining.
In addition, in following patent documentation 2 and 3, one side is shown the compression load that metal tube applies tube hub line direction is carried out the device that thermal flexure is processed to metal tube on one side.
(patent documentation 1)
Special public clear 54-30915 number of Japanese patent gazette
(patent documentation 2)
Japanese patent gazette spy opens clear 54-8154 number
(patent documentation 3)
Japanese patent gazette spy opens clear 54-112769 number
For the pipe arrangement that waits small space in the ship, do not need the bend pipe of little R in place better, so, the bend pipe of 1.5～3DR as the bending machining lower limit in the prior art (radius of curvature R is 1.5～3 with the ratio of nominal bore D) obtains more application, but requires the so minimum degree of 1～1.5DR recently.Figure 19 and occasion when by radius of curvature R the metal tube of nominal bore D, radius r being carried out bending is shown as Figure 20 of the S20-S20 line sectional view of Figure 19, C represents compressed side, T represents tensile side, and in addition, N-N ' expression is as the neutral position on the border of compressed side C and tensile side T.
The high frequency bending machining is for carrying out the technology that plastic working obtains bend pipe to straight tube, so, in T side (curved outside), subtracting thick (minimizing of wall thickness) takes place by the thickness rate that subtracts of α=R/ (R+r)=2R (2R+D), in C side (curved interior), thicken (increase of wall thickness) thickening by β=R/ (R-r)=2R (2R-D) than generation.These formulas are to ignore the approximate expression of the deviation that the stress by tube hub line direction causes.
(be the occasion of the bending machining of R=1～5D), above-mentioned α, β are as shown in table 1 below carry out 1～5DR by the simple bending mode of compression that does not add the tube hub direction and stretching.
(table 1)
| 1DR | 1.5DR | 2DR | 3DR | 4DR | 5DR | |
| α | 0.67 | 0.75 | 0.80 | 0.86 | 0.89 | 0.91 |
| β | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.15 | 1.1 |
Though subtracting of T side thickly also can be remedied by the wall thickness surplus (+tolerance) of pipe sometimes, can not rely on it.On the other hand, about subtract thick can general this point to which type of degree, be that α=0.875 is 1 cardinal principle benchmark as-12.5% of the dimensional tolerance of the JIS relevant (JIS) with steel pipe.Like that, for simple bending machining, in 3DR or the little R bending machining below it, this cardinal principle benchmark is not being met shown in above-mentioned table 1.
For this reason, carry out " bending compression " as the technology that addresses the above problem from above-mentioned " crooked epoch of 1.5～3DR ".Open quantity about bending compression is more, as the one example, can list by above-mentioned patent documentation 2 and patent documentation 3 disclosed methods.In these methods, as above-mentioned high frequency bending machining, metal tube applies propulsive force from the rear relatively, simultaneously, applies the anti-propulsive force of this propulsive force of antagonism from the place ahead of metal tube, carries out bending machining under this state.Applying by cylinder of the anti-propulsive force of above-mentioned public technology undertaken.
By carrying out bending compression, be multiplied by T side, compression ratio that the C side is general, the result, the thickening than β of thickness rate α and C side that subtract of the T side of table 1 for example becomes the α ' of following table 2, the value of β '.
(table 2)
| 1DR | 1.5DR | 2DR | 3DR | 4DR | 5DR | |
| α′ | 0.8～1.0 | 0.9～1.0 | 0.9～1.0 | 0.9～1.05 | 0.9～1.05 | 0.95～1.05 |
| β′ | 2.5～3.0 | 1.8～2.3 | 1.4～1.7 | 1.3～1.5 | 1.2～1.4 | 1.1～1.3 |
That is, the problem that subtracts the thick wall thickness deficiency that causes that is accompanied by the T side of bending machining is solved by bending compression, in fact, in the little R bending machining of 1.5～3DR scope, can list good achievement.
Yet, when becoming the minimum R bending machining of 1～1.5DR scope, produce new problem.That is, along with the increase of bending moment, the flat distortion of pipe cross section (with the face of the track quadrature of tube hub) and the such irregular deformation of scuffing of C side (curved interior) tube wall increase; Such problem also can find out from above-mentioned table 1 and table 2, and it also is 1.5～2 that the thickening of the C side of the minimum R bending machining of 1～1.5DR scope is compared to simple bending, becomes 2～3 higher like this values for bending compression.Promptly, the compression of C side is driven by the compression axial force, this compression axial force is produced in the C side to moment by bending, so, for original at the potential position that the factor of buckling is arranged of C side, above-mentioned compression axial force and with the pipe cross section of its quadrature in stress or the TC-C direction of morphotropism is uneven and change produces by high the thickening than corresponding high level that increase or bending compression with above-mentioned bending moment produce, the C side pole is easily buckled, as a result, scuffing increases.Above-mentioned factor also makes the flat distortion as the reaction generation of bending moment increase certainly, and the increase of two irregular distortion of these scuffings and flat distortion has problems in the outward appearance and the performance of bending machining part.
As the factor that particularly causes above-mentioned scuffing easily in the imbalance of stress in the aforementioned tube center line normal surface and morphotropism, can list the compression stress of T-C direction in the pipe cross section that (1) produce as the reaction of bending moment and be accompanied by unequal power distribution between the interior outside of the C side that the flat distortion of its body causes, (2) be accompanied by that upsetting that the compression axial force by the C side causes thickens, imbalance towards the tube wall protuberance amount of managing interior outside, and the outside in the pipe of the tube wall angle of elevation of undressed straight sections that this imbalance causes is uneven, (3) the T-C direction stress that is produced as the pipe internal and external temperature imbalance of the deformation drag of the compression axial force of counter-force and C side antagonism, (4) bending machining begin the outside uneven (also becoming the unbalanced inducement in (1)～(3)) in the pipe that thickens the protuberance angle of elevation of non-processing object straight sections of the C side of portion and wait imbalance.In addition, these imbalances self are also unstable in essence, and this has also promoted uneven generation.
As described above, in the thermal flexure processing of metal tube, reaction as the bending moment that is added to body, in the stress that results from curved outside of body (T side) and curved interior (C side), produce imbalance between various forms of T-C, make body produce the such irregular deformation of scuffing of flat distortion or C side thus.There are the tendency that becomes and more be easy to generate than to be radius of curvature R with the ratio R/D of nominal external diameter of pipe D diminish along with bending radius in above-mentioned unequal power distribution and then above-mentioned irregular deformation, in addition, thick and adopt the occasion of bending compression processing in order to alleviate subtracting of T side that bending machining brings, have also that bending radius is bigger more than more little then required decrement, the tendency of the easier generation of irregular deformation, this has hindered the possible range with the bending radius ratio to expand to R/D≤1.5 realization of the bending machining of scope like this.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bending processing technology, this bending processing technology can make the generation that aforementioned tube cross section internal stress that bending machining produces and then above-mentioned imbalance can not cause above-mentioned irregular deformation, can break away from and the restriction of bending radius than the relevant past.
The heat bending processing method of metal tube of the present invention carries out the differential action of the bending machining that is made of bending deformation process and fixed in shape process; In this bending deformation process, on one side by eddy-current heating the short interval of tube hub line direction of metal tube is heated into the red heat state with ring-type by the heater of the leading portion of heating-cooling device, by the propulsion plant that is disposed at above-mentioned heating-cooling device rear relative this heating-cooling device of above-mentioned metal tube is advanced to tube hub line direction on one side, by the bend arm that rotates around the axle center advance route of the front of this metal tube is restricted to arcuation ground and carries out the advance route restriction, this metal tube is applied bending moment, thereby make the short interval generation flexural deformation of above-mentioned red heat; In this fixed in shape process, cool off the diastrophic position that in this bending deformation process, is through with by the cooling device of the back segment of above-mentioned heating-cooling device with following, thus the fixing above-mentioned diastrophic shape of having carried out; Advance by the above-mentioned of this metal tube, the differential action of this bending machining is advanced to the rear end side of this metal tube successively, bending machining is carried out in the desired interval of above-mentioned metal tube; Wherein: carry out controlling of above-mentioned metal tube respectively by the rear clamping device that is disposed at this propulsion plant for above-mentioned metal tube is installed on above-mentioned propulsion plant and the place ahead clamping device of being disposed at this bend arm for this metal tube is installed on above-mentioned bend arm, when carrying out the controlling of this metal tube, by metal tube is applied pipe in the cross section with the orientation plane of bending quadrature compression load and stop the clamping form of the hole enlargement in the orientation parallel with this plane of bending, clamp this metal tube with the magnitude of interference at this metal tube generation elasticity undergauge; Under this clamping gripping state, carry out above-mentioned bending machining.
Constitute according to the invention described above, also bring such improvement, that is, the flat distortion of cross section or the scuffing of C side pipe wall are promptly managed in the irregular deformation that alleviates the body that bending machining causes significantly, have solved the problems referred to above.Bring the reason of above-mentioned improvement can do following such deduction.
(about alleviating of flat distortion)
Flat distortion is added to the bending moment of body by along with bending machining the time and the intra-face anisotropy that results from the stress (following be called for convenience " flattening stress ") in the pipe cross section causes.This flattening stress as shown in Figure 1, pipe in the cross section, produce tensile stress σ with the N-N ' orientation of plane of bending quadrature
N-N '=p
1, produce stress in compression sigma in the T-C orientation parallel with plane of bending
T-C=-p
2(p the mark here for convenience of description,
iFor the pressure dimension on the occasion of ,+p
iThe expression stretch mode ,-p
iThe expression compact model), that is, has { σ
N-N ', σ
T-C}={ p
1,-p
2The intra-face anisotropy of pattern, this anisotropy is brought flat distortion.In addition, between the active region of interval that above-mentioned flattening stress produces corresponding to bending moment, in the body from the rear clamping device to the whole interval the clamping device of the place ahead.
In the present invention constitutes, as shown in Figure 2, the compression load w in the N-N ' orientation by applying above-mentioned clamping form (its form of implementation illustrates in the back)
N-N '=-p
3(p
3＞p
1), thereby the N-N ' orientation composition that makes flattening stress is from above-mentioned p
1(tensile stress) is transformed into-p
3(compression stress).In addition, the hole enlargement effect that the reaction that applies as above-mentioned compression load results from the T-C orientation of body is stoped by the clamping of clamping device, and body is accepted the compression counter-force w in T-C orientation from the inner peripheral surface of clamping components
T-C=-p
4Thereby, with the T-C orientation composition of flattening stress from above-mentioned-p
2(compression stress) is varied to-p
4(being similarly compression stress).Here, above-mentioned-p
4The drift size of intensity during by the clamping of clamping components about, so the fine setting that can set by this size or the fine setting that clamps stroke increase and decrease.Therefore, by compressing counter-force-p
4For example be set at-p
4≈-p
3Thereby, make the intra-face anisotropy { σ of flattening stress
N-N ', σ
T-CFrom above-mentioned { p
1,-p
2So typical anisotropic mode alleviates significantly and is above-mentioned { p
3,-p
4≈-p
3The state of such isotropic pattern of cardinal principle.As under this state, carrying out bending machining, even then apply the needed bending moment of flexural deformation, the intra-face anisotropy of the flattening stress that brings thus also alleviates significantly, so, consider to cause the few bending machining of this anisotropic flat distortion.
Be added to the compression load w in the N-N ' orientation of body by clamping part
N-N '=-p
3Compression counter-force w with the T-C orientation that is added to body
T-C=-p
4, respectively via the body that is in the non-heated condition between two clamping parts, flexibly propagate into deformed part,, also play the anisotropic effect that alleviates flattening stress here.But, because power and above-mentioned propagation distance die down accordingly, so, preferably it is set above-mentioned { p with remedying
3,-p
4Value, perhaps, take to improve the measure of propagation efficiency.In addition, the clamping that produces the body of above-mentioned elasticity undergauge is also guaranteed effectively the high position of above-mentioned propagation efficiency.This be because, produce body and the ground integrated situation of clamping components mechanics of making by above-mentioned clamping, clamping components had the needed high rigidity that applies by the propulsive force of above-mentioned propulsion plant generation and bending moment originally, so, the integrated body that makes by above-mentioned mechanics improves effective cross section rigidity, and the propagation of above-mentioned compression load or compression counter-force effectively and stably realizes via the body that is difficult for the generation section deformation.
Wherein, about the degree of the clamping that produces above-mentioned elasticity undergauge, judge that by experiment the clamping that becomes 0.01～0.08% diameter reducing rate is more suitable.This be because, less than 0.01% o'clock, can not obtain above-mentioned flat distortion by useful rank and prevent effect, in addition, when surpassing 0.08%, the danger that produces the clamping vestige that the plastic deformation of the value that reduces curved article causes increases.
(about alleviating of scuffing)
In the alleviating of scuffing, along with anisotropic alleviating to flattening stress (thereby improve the body in the bending machining roundness) controlled in above-mentioned clamping, unbalanced the alleviating of the various T-C orientation stress deformation when at first having obtained above-mentioned bending machining.In addition, control the actual raising that obtains aforementioned tube cross section rigidity by clamping, the repellence of the tube wall buckling distortion that causes scuffing is relatively increased substantially, this brings further action effect.
In above the present invention, the rear clamping device is configured in above-mentioned propulsion plant foremost, the position of the rear clamping device the when bending machining of metal tube is finished is between the rearward end of metal tube and the above-mentioned heating-cooling device, set than the ground, position of the more approaching above-mentioned heating-cooling device of rearward end of metal tube and to control the position, carry out this rear clamping device controlling to metal tube, like this, distance from the rear clamping device to deformed part shortens, the raising to the apparent rigidity of the propagation of deformed part or metal tube of above-mentioned contrary flattening stress is accomplished with good efficiency, as a result, can further positively alleviate the generation of flat distortion and inhibition scuffing.
In addition, (d θ/dt) reaches certain value also can to make the rotary speed of above-mentioned bend arm through the cumulative process of bending machining incipient stage, make the rotary speed (ratio (ds/d θ) of d θ/dt) of relative pace (ds/dt) and bend arm of the relative heating-cooling device of the metal tube that advances by above-mentioned propulsion plant through the decrescence process of bending machining incipient stage, be that diastrophic actual curvature radius reaches certain value, thereby make bending machining become the classification bending machining, promptly, in its incipient stage, the big change in radius of the stable bending radius that bending radius is determined according to effective radius of turn of bend arm from beguine is to this stable bending radius.
Like this, the big change in radius of the stable bending radius that the bending radius of bending machining incipient stage is determined according to effective radius of turn of bend arm from beguine is to this stable bending radius, so, can make bending machining begin portion the C side thicken the sloping shape of rising to of protuberance from non-processing object straight sections, rather than it is rapid step-like, the first motion factor that the scuffing of C side is taken place is decomposed towards tube hub line direction and is relaxed, thus suppressing more effectively to this scuffing.
In addition, before the beginning of the bending machining of carrying out making heating-cooling device, propulsion plant and bend arm action, the primary position of heating-cooling device is in from the position of the front of the more inclined to one side past metal tube of the settling position of heating-cooling device, the settling position of this heating-cooling device is determined by the position of intersecting point of vertical line and this tube hub line, wherein, this vertical line make the highest intensification portion that forms by heating-cooling device by bend arm axis of rotation and with the tube hub line quadrature of metal tube; Then, while making heating-cooling device move the heater action that only makes heating-cooling device towards settling position, the heating of beginning metal tube, after this, reduce speed now from position to the way of settling position, make it arrive settling position, simultaneously, with synchronous up to the action that arrives settling position, propulsion plant and bend arm are carried out from the beginning of the bending machining action up to the certain value that reaches aforementioned proportion (ds/d θ) from the beginning of this deceleration.
Like this, before the beginning bending machining, bending machining by the heater heating metal pipe of the heating-cooling device that moves towards above-mentioned settling position begins portion, so, the state that can make this bending machining begin the heating-up temperature homogenising of portion by the wall thickness direction along metal tube begins bending machining, for this reason, can prevent that this heating-up temperature from carrying out bending machining in the spot of the inside and outside different irregular deformation that occasion produced of metal tube to metal tube.
In addition, also can by by bend arm to the front effect of metal tube and the rightabout external force of propulsive force of above-mentioned propulsion plant, thereby on one side the compression load that one side applies tube hub line direction to metal tube carries out the bending machining of this metal tube.
According to the processing of this bending compression, can make neutral position as the border of the C side of metal tube and T side towards the T side shifting, so, can be only by decrement make be accompanied by bending machining and subtract this thick T side subtract the corresponding minimizing of thick amount, can eliminate the wall thickness deficiency of this T side.
As the nominal bore of establishing metal tube is D, and the stable bending radius of the metal tube that is obtained by effective radius of turn of bend arm is R
0, then the heat bending processing method of the metal tube of above explanation is at R
0The occasion of the bending machining of the minimum R scope enforcement metal tube that≤1.5D is such is effective especially.This be because, at R
0In the bending of the minimum R that≤1.5D is such, the problem of flat distortion and scuffing becomes major obstacle, purpose of the present invention is to address this problem exactly, in addition, in above-mentioned minimum R bending, distance from the place ahead clamping device to deformed part is short, and then the distance from the rear clamping device to deformed part also can be shorter, above-mentioned compression load w
N-N 'With compression counter-force w
T-CElasticity propagation efficiency to deformed part is in a high position.
Yet the heat bending processing method of metal tube of the present invention is at 1.5D＜R
0Scope also can realize certainly.
The thermal flexure processing unit (plant) of metal tube of the present invention has heating-cooling device, propulsion plant and the bend arm of ring-type; The heating-cooling device of this ring-type is around the short interval configuration of the metal tube that is subjected to bending machining, be used for the above-mentioned short interval of above-mentioned metal tube is carried out the induction coil of eddy-current heating in leading portion configuration, and backend configuration be used to follow the cooling device to cooling off by the heating part of the above-mentioned metal tube after this induction coil heating; The rear clamping device that this propulsion plant is disposed at the rear of this heating-cooling device and will controls the rear end side of above-mentioned metal tube is disposed at foremost, is used to make above-mentioned metal tube to advance towards tube hub line direction; It is one distolateral that the place ahead clamping device that this bend arm is disposed at the front side zone of above-mentioned heating-cooling device and will controls the front of above-mentioned metal tube is disposed at, and at another distolateral axis of rotation that is provided with, this axis of rotation is in from the settling position of above-mentioned heating-cooling device towards the position of leaving with the direction of the tube hub line quadrature of above-mentioned metal tube, and this bend arm is used for the advance route of the front of above-mentioned metal tube is constrained to arcuation; Wherein: apply compression load in above-mentioned rear clamping device and the pipe cross section of above-mentioned the place ahead clamping device with the orientation of plane of bending quadrature to this metal tube, simultaneously, apply the clamping load of the hole enlargement that stops the orientation parallel, thereby carry out these devices controlling above-mentioned metal tube with this plane of bending.
According to this device, can be by by above-mentionedly having form that anisotropic clamping force clamps, clamp this metal tube with the magnitude of interference that produces the elasticity undergauge, so, can implement the heat bending processing method of above-mentioned metal tube.
The place ahead clamping device of this device and rear clamping device can clamp the structure of controlling metal tube as described above as becoming, and then can be structure arbitrarily.As the one example, the clamping device that makes the place ahead at least in rear clamping device and the place ahead clamping device is the device with 2 clamping components of controlling metal tube, the clamping components that makes the side in these clamping components is the fixed clamp member, the opposing party's clamping components is the free rotating revolution clamping components in center with the rotary middle spindle for relative this fixed clamp member, by making this revolution clamping components is center steering with the rotary middle spindle, can control metal tube with the fixed clamp member, make on the diameter line that this rotary middle spindle is positioned at relatively and the generation of the diameter line of the plane of bending quadrature of metal tube is tilted.
According to this structure, can be simply and also efficient clamp well, this clamping can guarantee to produce above-mentioned compression load w simultaneously
N-N 'With compression counter-force w
T-CThe clamping form and the clamping force that is used to produce above-mentioned elasticity undergauge, in addition, the metal tube that is used for bending machining also becomes easy in the installation of above-mentioned clamping device.
According to the present invention, for 1.5DR or the minimum R bending machining below it, comprise bending compression, but the flat distortion of killer tube cross section or carry out on the scuffing ground of curved interior obtains to eliminate and the effect of bending radius than the relevant restriction that is subjected in the past.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure that is illustrated in the flattening stress that produces in the pipe cross section of the metal tube that is subjected to bending machining.
Fig. 2 illustrates by the clamping device of an embodiment of the present invention to clamp the compression load when controlling metal tube and the figure of compression counter-force.
Fig. 3 is the plane that the device integral body of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 4 is the S4-S4 line sectional view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the S5-S5 line sectional view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the figure of 2 clamping components that metal tube among Fig. 4 and rear clamping device only are shown.
Fig. 7 is the figure of 2 clamping components that metal tube among Fig. 5 and the place ahead clamping device only are shown.
Fig. 8 illustrates the geometry figure that the place ahead clamping device by Fig. 7 clamps the clamping stroke when controlling metal tube.
Fig. 9 illustrates the plane in the 1st stage that metal tube is carried out the operation of bending machining.
Figure 10 illustrates the plane in the 2nd stage that metal tube is carried out the operation of bending machining.
Figure 11 illustrates the plane in the 3rd stage that metal tube is carried out the operation of bending machining.
Figure 12 illustrates the plane in the 4th stage that metal tube is carried out the operation of bending machining.
Figure 13 is the time diagram of variation that the translational speed of metal tube in the bending machining and heating-cooling device is shown, and is the figure of the rotary speed that also shows bend arm.
Figure 14 illustrates the schematic diagram of metal tube of flat this state of distortion that device by this form of implementation alleviates the deformed part of metal tube.
Figure 15 illustrates the time diagram that the bending radius of the metal tube when implementing bending machining according to the time diagram of Figure 13 changes.
Figure 16 is the sectional view that becomes bent tube section that the metal tube when implementing bending machining according to the time diagram of Figure 13 is shown.
Figure 17 illustrates the figure that move the neutral position when bending compression processing metal pipe.
Figure 18 is the figure that the place ahead clamping device of another form of implementation is shown.
Figure 19 is the sectional view that illustrates when by radius of curvature R the metal tube of nominal bore D, radius r being carried out bending machining.
Figure 20 is the S20-S20 line sectional view of Figure 19.
The specific embodiment
Explanation is used to implement form of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings below.Fig. 3 is the overall plan view of the device of this form of implementation, in this Fig. 3, the upright central shaft 12 of establishing on chassis 11, gear 13 is that the center is freely turned round with this central shaft 12, bend arm 14 is that the center is freely turned round with this central shaft 12 also, this bend arm 14 engages with gear 13, so, bend arm 14 and the rotation of gear 13 one.Dispose the place ahead clamping device 15 of the front that is used to control the metal tube 1 that will carry out bending machining in the end side opposite of bend arm 14 with central shaft 12 sides, in addition, by the heating-cooling device 16 that disposes ring-type around the form of the metal tube 1 that will carry out bending machining.This heating-cooling device 16 is that the heater 16A of the place ahead clamping device 15 sides and the cooling device 16B of rear section side constitute by the leading portion side.Heater 16A has the induction coil that is connected with high frequency electric, be used for eddy-current heating is carried out in the short interval of the metal tube 1 that centered on by heater 16A, cooling device 16B is used to cooling by the heating part that heater 16A is heated to the metal tube 1 of red heat temperature with following, has the injection unit that is used for this heating part is sprayed cooling water.
Heating-cooling device 16 is connected with the feed arrangement 17 that is driven by drive source 17A such as servomotors, and the feeding effect by the feed screw that constitutes this feed arrangement 17 etc. makes heating-cooling device 16 advance, retreat towards the direction of the tube hub line A of metal tube 1.
At the rear of heating-cooling device 16, configuration is used to propulsion plant 18 that metal tube 1 is advanced towards the direction of tube hub line A.Hydraulic cylinder 19 that this propulsion plant 18 has metal tube 1 both sides and the propulsion members 20 that is connected these hydraulic cylinders 19 towards the piston rod 19A of heating-cooling device 16 sides.Propulsion plant 18 near the member foremost of heating-cooling device 16 promptly on this propulsion members 20, configuration is used to control the rear clamping device 21 of the rear end side of metal tube 1.Hydraulic cylinder 19 and propulsion members 20 are configured on the ways of being located on the above-mentioned chassis 11 22, as the S4-S4 line sectional view of Fig. 3 promptly as shown in Figure 4, the guide part 22A that propulsion members 20 is led towards the direction of the tube hub line A of metal tube 1 is set on this ways 22.
As shown in Figure 3, above-mentioned the place ahead clamping device 15 is configured to bend arm 14 one distolateral in the zone, front side that is positioned at heating-cooling device 16, after the rear end side of metal tube 1 being installed on propulsion plant 18 by rear clamping device 21, when by the place ahead clamping device 15 with the front of metal tube 1 be installed on bend arm 14, when making the piston rod 19A of hydraulic cylinder 19 extend action, the propulsion members 20 that is moved by the guide part 22A guiding of ways 22 advances metal tube 1 relative heating-cooling device 16; Simultaneously, the advance route of the front of this metal tube 1, be constrained to arcuation by the rotation that is this bend arm 14 at center with another distolateral central shaft 12 of being located at bend arm 14, at the metal tube 1 that above-mentioned short interval is heated to red heat temperature by the heater 16A of heating-cooling device 16, apply by above-mentioned and advance and bending moment that the above-mentioned circuit restriction of advancing produces, thereby make this weak point interval carry out flexural deformation.
In addition, as shown in Figure 3,, be engaged with the rack member 24 that is connected with the piston rod 23A of hydraulic pressure 23 being on the free rotating said gear 13 in center with central shaft 12.Hydraulic cylinder 23 is controlled by the servo valve device, with the bend arm 14 of gear 13 one rotations be that the rotary speed at center becomes the corresponding speed of responsiveness with the piston rod 23A of hydraulic cylinder 23 with central shaft 12, the responsiveness of the piston rod 23A of this hydraulic cylinder 23 is controlled corresponding to the pace of the metal tube 1 that is obtained by propulsion plant 18.
On above-mentioned chassis 11 braking element 25 is set, this braking element 25 is used to prevent that bend arm 14 from surmounting primary position shown in Figure 3 towards propulsion plant 18 sideway swivels.
The above-mentioned rear clamping device 21 that is disposed at propulsion plant 18 as shown in Figure 4, have: fixed configurations is at the fixed clamp member 31 of the inner lower of the propulsion members 20 that forms cubic frame shape, but easy on and off is loaded on the slip clamping components 32 of the upper inside of propulsion members 20 slidably, and the hydraulic cylinder 33 that is installed on above the propulsion members 20, slip clamping components 32 is moved up and down.As Fig. 6 that metal tube 1 and two clamping components 31,32 only are shown, on two clamping components 31,32, form semicircular recess 31A, 32A, this semicircular recess 31A, 32A are for can stay the diagram gap delta
1The size that just in time cooperates with metal tube 1 of ground by by the mobile slip clamping components 32 of hydraulic cylinder 33, thereby is controlled metal tube 1 by these recesses 31A, 32A down.
When controlling metal tube 1 by two clamping components 31,32, this is controlled to be undertaken by the magnitude of interference that the elasticity undergauge produces at metal tube 1, the degree of depth up and down of the caliber of relative this metal tube 1 with recess 31A, 32A of this elasticity undergauge is corresponding, promptly, as by Fig. 2 explanation, the N-N ' orientation of metal tube 1 is by applying the compression load w that produces elasticity undergauge (above-mentioned 0.01～0.08% cardinal principle benchmark)
N-N 'Form carry out.As applying this compression load w
N-N 'Reaction, make body towards the hole enlargement of T-C direction, but the recess 31A of this reaction by two clamping components 31,32 that just in time are matched with metal tube 1 ground as described above and make, 32 stop and stoped, hole enlargement is progress not, but applies the compression counter-force of T-C direction from 31,32 pairs of bodys of two clamping components.This compression counter-force w
T-CPress compression load w with above-mentioned N-N ' orientation
N-N 'Corresponding strength produces, so, by in the scope of the elasticity undergauge that produces above-mentioned cardinal principle benchmark, adjusting above-mentioned w
N-N 'Intensity, can be with above-mentioned compression counter-force w
T-CBe adjusted into the elasticity undergauge intensity that produces above-mentioned cardinal principle benchmark.The result, metal tube 1 all produces the compression stress of same degree intensity in N-N ' orientation and T-C orientation, thereby the transversal intra-face anisotropy of pipe that causes the flattening stress of flat distortion is improved as the isotropic state of cardinal principle that produces compression stresses in all orientation, above-mentionedly causes that anisotropic flat distortion alleviates significantly.
The above-mentioned the place ahead clamping device 15 that is disposed at bend arm 14 as the S5-S5 line sectional view of Fig. 3 promptly as shown in Figure 5, have: the fixed clamp member 34 that is fixed in bend arm 14, this fixed clamp member 34 is the free rotating revolution clamping components 36 in center with rotary middle spindle 35 relatively, and goes up and be that the center makes and turns round clamping components 36 rotating hydraulic cylinders 37 with rotary middle spindle 35 by the rising portions 34B that the direction parallel with the plane of bending of metal tube 1 is installed on fixed clamp member 34.Rotary middle spindle 35 is not configured on the diameter line B with the plane of bending quadrature of metal tube 1, tilts on the diameter line D of diagram θ angle but be configured to the C side (curved side) of this diameter line B from metal tube 1 center towards metal tube 1 relatively.
As Fig. 7 that metal tube 1 and two clamping components 34,36 only are shown, on fixed clamp member 34 and revolution clamping components 36, also form semicircular recess 34A, 36A, these recesses 34A, 36A are for can remainingly be positioned at the size that just in time cooperates with metal tube 1 with diagram gap delta 2 ground of rotary middle spindle 35 opposition sides, so, revolution clamping components 36 is by the piston rod 37A pushing of hydraulic cylinder 37, with rotary middle spindle 35 is that the center is turned round towards fixed clamp member 34 sides, thereby controls metal tube 1 by these recesses 34A, 36A.When controlling metal tube 1 like this, as shown in Figure 8, by lever principle make revolution clamping components 36 towards N-N ' orientation by the stroke of Δ V=D (1-cos θ)/2 (D is the external diameter of metal tube 1) clamping metal tube 1, apply compression load w with corresponding Fig. 2 such as elasticity of compression rate of metal tube 1 towards the N-N ' orientation of metal tube 1 according to this Δ V
N-N ', the reaction that applies as this compression load, same with the occasion of the clamping components 31,32 of Fig. 4, Fig. 6, the compression counter-force w of the Fig. 2 in T-C orientation
T-CProduce by clamping components 34,36, same with above-mentioned rear clamping device 21 like this, realize controlling by the clamping of complete all compact models.
Clamping about the elasticity undergauge of the metal tube 1 that undertaken by these clamping components 34,35 is controlled, the degree of depth of the tilt angle theta by setting diameter line D relative diameter line B or the caliber of the relative metal tube 1 of recess 34A, 36A, the compression load w in N-N ' orientation
N-N 'Adjustment and the compression counter-force w in T-C orientation
T-CAdjustment also can similarly carry out with the occasion of the clamping components 31,32 of Fig. 4, Fig. 6.
In above-mentioned example, the form of using Construction integration spares as clamping components 31,32 or 34,36 is shown, uses the intarsia to construct the form of part (for example making up the structure spare of large-sized main part and the structure of the inner liner portion that just in time is matched with metal tube 1) as these clamping components with keyway but also can be.This form has the countermeasure of multiple occasion useful as the outside dimension that is subjected to the metal tube of bending machining.
In addition, as the fine-adjusting units such as T-C side recess depths of above-mentioned clamping components that the metal foil plate (so-called pad) of suitable thickness is engaging-in also useful to the form between metal tube 1 and above-mentioned clamping components, particularly in hope to compression load w
N-N 'With compression counter-force w
T-CThe ratio occasion of finely tuning useful.
Though above-mentioned intarsia's mode and pad insert gimmick and can both be suitable for the form ground of not selecting clamping components, what be suitable for especially easily is the form of the recess of T side or C side by the clamping components 34,36 of Fig. 5, Fig. 7 of 1 track formation.
Fig. 9～Figure 12 is the figure of the bending machining of the metal tube 1 that actions such as the servo valve device that makes above-mentioned feed arrangement 17, hydraulic cylinder 19, heating-cooling device 16, the place ahead clamping device 15, rear clamping device 21 are shown by its sequence of operation carry out, and the bending machining of the metal tube 1 that is undertaken by the action of these feed arrangement 17 grades is by program that is recorded in computer such as following carrying out.
As shown in Figure 9, the primary position E of the heating-cooling device 16 before bending machining begins becomes the position than the front of the more inclined to one side past metal tube 1 of the settling position I of heating-cooling device 16, this settling position I determines by the position of intersecting point H of vertical line G and tube hub line A, this vertical line G by the central shaft 12 of bend arm 14 axis of rotation F and with the tube hub line A quadrature of metal tube 1.After this,, heating-cooling device 16 only makes heater 16A action on one side Yi Bian moving towards settling position I, the heating of beginning metal tube 1, and heating-cooling device 16 arrives settling position I from position to the way of settling position I with reducing speed now.Then, as in the explanation of Figure 13 described later as can be seen, when this slows down beginning, the metal tube 1 that beginning is realized by propulsion plant 18 advance and bend arm 14 be the bending machining that metal tube 1 is carried out in the rotation at center with central shaft 12.
In this bending machining of Figure 10～shown in Figure 12, carry out differential action.That is, the short interval of the tube hub line A direction of metal tube 1 is heated to red heat temperature by the eddy-current heating of the heater 16A of heating-cooling device 16 by ring-type; By propulsion plant 18 metal tube 1 relative heating-cooling device 16 is advanced towards tube hub line A direction, carry out the advance route restriction by to be the center bend arm 14 that carries out axle center rotation with central shaft 12 be restricted to arcuation with the advance route of the front of metal tube 1, thereby apply bending moment at metal tube 1; By applying bending moment at metal tube 1 like this, thereby make the above-mentioned short interval flexural deformation that produces that is heated to red heat temperature of metal tube 1; Then, the diastrophic part that is through with is cooled off by the cooling device 16B of heating-cooling device 16 after heating with following, thereby the partial fixing after the flexural deformation is turned to shape after this flexural deformation, make so the short interval of the tube hub line A direction of metal tube 1 become fixed in shape deformed part.This differential action advances to the rear end side of metal tube 1 successively by above-mentioned the advancing of metal tube 1, thereby bending machining is carried out in the desired interval of metal tube 1.
Figure 13 is the time diagram of change that the translational speed K of the translational speed J of metal tube 1 of above bending machining and heating-cooling device 16 is shown, in this time diagram, for with the translational speed J of metal tube 1 contrast, what also show the bend arm 14 set by the responsiveness of the piston rod 23A of hydraulic cylinder 23 shown in Figure 3 is rotary speed L (the d θ/dt) at center with central shaft 12.In addition, at the longitudinal axis of the expression speed of Figure 13 ,+(just) expression is towards the pace on the right side of Fig. 3 and Fig. 9～Figure 12, and-(bear) represented towards the astern speed in the left side of Fig. 3 and Fig. 9～Figure 12.
The time t of the transverse axis of Figure 13
1Be the moment shown in Figure 8, this time t
1The time heating-cooling device 16 primary position E as described above, become position than the more inclined to one side front toward metal tube 1 of aforementioned stable positions I.After this, heating-cooling device 16 like that, retreats by certain speed shown in the speed K of Figure 13, and this astern speed is from time t
2Begin to reduce, at time t
3Be zero, promptly heating-cooling device 16 becomes halted state, at this time t
3, heating-cooling device 16 reaches settling position I.Then, this heating-cooling device 16 stops at settling position I up to time t
4, then, heating-cooling device 16 is from time t
4To time t
5Retreat while gathering way.Time t
5The time state illustrate by Figure 12.On the other hand, the metal tube of being realized by propulsion plant 18 1 advances from time t
1To time t
2Do not carry out the advancing of this metal tube 1 from time t
2Beginning, this pace increases like that up to time t shown in the speed J of Figure 13
3After this, metal tube 1 is from time t
3To time t
4Advance by certain speed, the state of this moment is illustrated by Figure 10 and Figure 11, and the pace of metal tube 1 is from time t
4Begin to reduce, at time t
5Become zero.
From above time t
1To time t
5The relative velocity of the relative heating-cooling device 16 of metal tube 1 (being speed difference J-K=ds/dt) often is certain value, for this reason, it is a certain amount of that the heat that is input to metal tube 1 from the heater 16A of heating-cooling device 16 becomes the unit length of every metal tube 1, like this, metal tube 1 is heated equably.
; when metal tube 1 is subjected to bending machining as described above; be subjected to bending machining and produce the deformed part of plastic deformation; by the effect of the flattening stress in the pipe cross section that results from along with applying above-mentioned bending moment with the track quadrature of tube hub to metal tube 1, be shown in the M of Figure 14 like that towards N-N ' direction major diameterization, produce flat distortion.
Yet, in the device of this form of implementation, the bending machining of metal tube 1 is being controlled the front of metal tube 1, is being controlled by rear clamping device 21 under the state of rear end side of metal tube 1 and carry out by the place ahead clamping device 15, these are controlled as described above, undertaken by the magnitude of interference that produces the elasticity undergauge at metal tube 1, this clamping form becomes such clamping form, promptly, apply compression load with the orientation N-N ' of the plane of bending quadrature of bending machining at metal tube 1, and the hole enlargement of the metal tube 1 in the prevention T-C orientation parallel with plane of bending.In addition, the compression load of above-mentioned orientation N-N ' and stop the compression counter-force that puts on the T-C orientation of metal tube 1 as the hole enlargement in its counteractive T-C orientation by above-mentioned clamping form, flexibly be delivered to the deformed part of the metal tube 1 in the bending machining, alleviate the transversal intra-face anisotropy of pipe of the flattening stress of this deformed part thus, alleviate irregular deformations such as flat distortion.
As a result, the flat degree that for example can carry out the metal tube 1 of flat distortion as the M of Figure 14 alleviates the degree for the P of Figure 14.In addition, can suppress the spot of the scuffing of C side metal tube 1 is carried out bending machining, in addition, the nominal bore of establishing metal tube 1 is D, is R based on the stable bending radius of the metal tube 1 of effective radius of turn of bend arm 14
0(with reference to Figure 12) then can be at R
0The scope of≤1.5D is carried out the bending machining of metal tube 1, more specifically says, also can be at 1＜R
0The scope of≤1.5D is carried out.
In addition, in this form of implementation, as shown in Figure 12, rear clamping device 21 is disposed at above-mentioned propulsion plant 18 foremost, like this, the set positions of the rear clamping device 21 the when bending machining of metal tube 1 is finished is more near the position of heating-cooling device 16 than the rearward end of the metal tube 1 between metal tube 1 rearward end and the heating-cooling device 16, so, shorten to the distance of above-mentioned deformed part from the position of controlling of rear clamping device 21, transmission can be more effectively carried out, flat distortion can be more positively suppressed or in the generation of the scuffing of C side for the compression counter-force in the compression load in the N-N ' orientation of deformed part or T-C orientation.
In addition, in this form of implementation, among the rotary speed L of bend arm 14 shown in Figure 13, time t
2With time t
3Between rotary speed (d θ/dt) is as by L
1Shown in like that, relative time increases substantially pro rata, in this embodiment, the responsiveness of the piston rod 23A of the hydraulic cylinder 23 shown in Fig. 3 is controlled by above-mentioned servo valve device, thereby make become the bending machining incipient stage from time t
2To time t
3The rotary speed of bend arm 14 (d θ/dt) reaches certain value through cumulative process.For this reason, and the relative pace (J-K=ds/dt) of the metal tube 1 relative heating-cooling device 16 that produces by propulsion plant 18 and the rotary speed of bend arm 14 (ratio (ds/d θ) of L=d θ/dt), in other words, radius of curvature R, elapsed time t
2With time t
3Between decrescence process reach certain value.
The Q of Figure 15 represents the variation of the radius of curvature R relative time of metal tube 1.As described above, when the relative pace (J-K=ds/dt) of metal tube 1 relative heating-cooling device 16 and the rotary speed of bend arm 14 (when the ratio (ds/d θ) of L=d θ/dt) changes, as the Q among the Q of Figure 15
1Such shown in the part, at time t
2With time t
3Between the bending machining of metal tube 1 in the incipient stage, the stable radius of curvature R that radius of curvature R is determined according to effective radius of turn of bend arm 14 from beguine
0Big change in radius is to stablizing radius of curvature R
0, realize classification (gradual change) bending machining.
According to this classification bending machining, as shown in Figure 16, the bending machining of metal tube 1 begins the inside and outside rising that thickens protuberance from non-processing object straight sections 1B towards pipe of metal tube front of C side of the 1A of portion for rapid step-like, can form sloping shape, like this, can further more effectively suppress the generation that bending machining begins the 1A of portion at the scuffing of C side.
In addition, in this form of implementation, as described above, at time t from Figure 13
2The bending machining of metal tube 1 begin before, if the primary position E of heating-cooling device 16 is in than the more inclined to one side position toward metal tube 1 front of settling position, then, heating-cooling device 16 is moved on one side towards settling position I, only make the heater 16A action of heating-cooling device 16 on one side and begin the heating of metal tube 1, so, in the above-mentioned classification bending machining of beginning with by stablizing radius of curvature R
0Before the stable bending machining of carrying out, can make above-mentioned bending machining begin the heating-up temperature homogenising of the 1A of portion along the wall thickness direction of metal tube 1.Like this, the protuberance that thickens the tube wall that is produced of the C side by making metal tube 1 is inboard and pipe outside homogenising at pipe, makes the angle of elevation (S of Figure 16 of the sloping shape inside and outside the aforementioned tube
1And S
2) equate substantially, thereby more positively suppress the generation of above-mentioned scuffing.
In addition, in this form of implementation, the time t among the rotary speed L of bend arm 14 shown in Figure 13
4With time t
5Between rotary speed (d θ/dt) is also as by L
2Shown in like that, relative time reduces substantially in proportion, here, the responsiveness of the piston rod 23A of above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder 23 is controlled by above-mentioned servo valve device, thereby make become the bending machining ending phase from time t
4To time t
5Between the rotary speed of bend arm 14 (L=d θ/dt) becomes zero through process decrescence.For this reason, and the relative pace (J-K=ds/dt) of the metal tube 1 relative heating-cooling device 16 that propulsion plant 18 produces and the rotary speed of bend arm 14 (ratio (ds/d θ) of L=d θ/dt), in other words, radius of curvature R, elapsed time t
4With time t
5Between cumulative process reach big value.
Like this, as the Q among the Q of Figure 15
2Shown in the part like that, from time t
4To time t
5Between the bending machining ending phase of metal tube 1, also can realize the classification bending machining, that is, the stable radius of curvature R of radius of curvature R from determining according to effective radius of turn of bend arm 14
0Change to than this stable radius of curvature R
0Big radius.
According to this classification bending machining, the protuberance of above-mentioned tube wall rise to sloping shape, in addition, in the bending machining ending phase, the temperature of metal tube 1 is in wall thickness direction homogenising, so, as shown in Figure 16, can make the inside and outside protuberance angle of elevation S that thickens from non-processing object straight sections 1D towards pipe of metal tube rear end side of C side of the bending machining end 1C of portion of metal tube 1
3With S
4Identical substantially, like this, also can suppress the generation of scuffing in the C side of the bending machining end 1C of portion.
In addition, in this form of implementation, the translational speed J by the metal tube 1 of Figure 13 relatively and the rotary speed L of bend arm 14 as can be known, from time t
2To time t
5Rotary speed L become the speed slower slightly (L=d θ/dt of Figure 13 be expressed as such expression yardstick than the rotary speed corresponding with translational speed J, this expression yardstick is in order to judge the relation with " translational speed of J=metal tube 1 ", by taking advantage of the effective radius R of bend arm 14
0And be transformed into effective rotation round speed of bend arm 14).By this speed difference, on one side realization is carried out the bending compression processing of bending machining from bend arm 14 at metal tube 1 effect and the rightabout compression load of propulsive force of propulsion plant 18 on one side, the thick amount minimizing that subtracts of T side is measured accordingly with decrement.In this occasion, as shown in Figure 17, as the neutral position N-N ' on the C side (compressed side) of metal tube and the border of T side (tensile side) position U from the center by metal tube 1
1Partially toward position U towards the T lateral deviation
2
By carrying out the processing of such bending compression, the occasion that increases at the amount of swelling of C side also can positively prevent at this C side generation scuffing by carrying out above-mentioned classification bending machining etc.
In addition, according to this form of implementation, the revolution clamping components 36 that makes the place ahead clamping device 15 that is disposed at bend arm 14 with rotary middle spindle 35 be center steering hydraulic cylinder 37 as shown in Figure 5, become the direction parallel with the plane of bending of metal tube 1, therefore, can easily carry out the operations such as maintenance of this hydraulic cylinder 37.
Figure 18 illustrates the place ahead clamping device 45 of another form of implementation.This place ahead clamping device 45 has: the fixing upright fixed clamp member 46 of being located at bend arm 14, but be connected in the 1st and the 2nd revolution clamping components 49,50 of this fixed clamp member 46 pivotally by rotary middle spindle 47,48 easy on and off, be installed in the carriage 52 of the 2nd revolution clamping components 50 of downside by axle 51, and being installed on the hydraulic cylinder 53 of this carriage 52, the piston rod 53A of this hydraulic cylinder 53 is connected in the 1st revolution clamping components 49 of upside.Form circular-arc recess 46A, 49A, the 50A corresponding at above-mentioned 3 clamping components 46,49,50, extend action by making piston rod 53A, thereby control metal tube 1 by these recesses 46A, 49A, 50A with the peripheral shape of metal tube 1.
In the place ahead of this form of implementation clamping device 45, also can be by controlling metal tube 1 with the same clamping form of the place ahead clamping device 15 of above-mentioned form of implementation and rear clamping device 21.
Also can be with this place ahead clamping device 45 as the rear clamping device.In addition, also can be with the place ahead clamping device 15 of above-mentioned form of implementation as the rear clamping device, with the rear clamping device 21 of above-mentioned form of implementation as the place ahead clamping device.
But the present invention is used in the such scope in R/D≤1.5 also carries out the bending machining of the bending radius metal tube littler than (R/D) in the scuffing ground of the flat distortion of killer tube cross section and curved interior.
Claims (8)
1. the heat bending processing method of a metal tube carries out the differential action of the bending machining that is made of bending deformation process and fixed in shape process; In this bending deformation process, on one side by eddy-current heating the short interval of tube hub line direction of metal tube is heated into the red heat state with ring-type by the heater of the leading portion of heating-cooling device, by the propulsion plant that is disposed at above-mentioned heating-cooling device rear relative this heating-cooling device of above-mentioned metal tube is advanced to tube hub line direction on one side, by the bend arm that rotates around the axle center advance route of the front of this metal tube is restricted to arcuation ground and carries out the advance route restriction, this metal tube is applied bending moment, thereby make the short interval generation flexural deformation of above-mentioned red heat; In this fixed in shape process, cool off the diastrophic position that in this bending deformation process, is through with by the cooling device of the back segment of above-mentioned heating-cooling device with following, thus the fixing above-mentioned diastrophic shape of having carried out; Advance by the above-mentioned of this metal tube, the differential action of this bending machining is advanced to the rear end side of this metal tube successively, bending machining is carried out in the desired interval of above-mentioned metal tube; It is characterized in that:
Carry out controlling of above-mentioned metal tube respectively by the rear clamping device that is disposed at this propulsion plant for above-mentioned metal tube is installed on above-mentioned propulsion plant and the place ahead clamping device of being disposed at this bend arm for this metal tube is installed on above-mentioned bend arm, when carrying out the controlling of this metal tube, by metal tube is applied pipe in the cross section with the orientation plane of bending quadrature compression load and stop the clamping form of the hole enlargement in the orientation parallel with this plane of bending, clamp this metal tube with the magnitude of interference at this metal tube generation elasticity undergauge; Under this clamping gripping state, carry out above-mentioned bending machining.
2. the heat bending processing method of metal tube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned rear clamping device is configured in above-mentioned propulsion plant foremost, so that the position of this rear clamping device of the bending machining of above-mentioned metal tube when finishing be between the rearward end of above-mentioned metal tube and the above-mentioned heating-cooling device, set than the mode of the position of the more approaching above-mentioned heating-cooling device of rearward end of above-mentioned metal tube and to control the position, carry out this rear clamping device controlling to metal tube.
3. the heat bending processing method of metal tube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: (d θ/dt) reaches certain value to make the rotary speed of above-mentioned bend arm through the cumulative process of bending machining incipient stage, make the rotary speed of relative pace (ds/dt) and above-mentioned bend arm of above-mentioned relatively heating-cooling device of the above-mentioned metal tube that is advanced by above-mentioned propulsion plant (ratio (ds/d θ) of d θ/dt) reaches certain value through the decrescence process of bending machining incipient stage, thereby make above-mentioned bending machining become the classification bending machining, promptly, in its incipient stage, the big change in radius of the stable bending radius that bending radius is determined according to effective radius of turn of above-mentioned bend arm from beguine is to this stable bending radius.
4. the heat bending processing method of metal tube according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: make above-mentioned heating-cooling device, before the beginning of the action of above-mentioned propulsion plant and above-mentioned bend arm and the above-mentioned bending machining of carrying out, the primary position of above-mentioned heating-cooling device is in from the settling position of this heating-cooling device partially toward the position of the front of above-mentioned metal tube, the settling position of this heating-cooling device is determined by the position of intersecting point of vertical line and this tube hub line, wherein, this vertical line make the highest intensification portion that forms by this heating-cooling device by above-mentioned bend arm axis of rotation and with the tube hub line quadrature of above-mentioned metal tube; Then, while making this heating-cooling device move the heater action that only makes this heating-cooling device towards this settling position, begin the heating of above-mentioned metal tube, after this, reduce speed now from position to the way of aforementioned stable positions, make it arrive this settling position, simultaneously, with synchronous up to the action that this arrives settling position, above-mentioned propulsion plant and above-mentioned bend arm are carried out from the beginning of the above-mentioned bending machining action up to the certain value that reaches aforementioned proportion (ds/d θ) from the beginning of this deceleration.
5. the heat bending processing method of metal tube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by by above-mentioned bend arm to the front effect of above-mentioned metal tube and the rightabout external force of propulsive force of above-mentioned propulsion plant, on one side this metal tube is applied tube hub line direction compression load carry out the bending machining of above-mentioned metal tube on one side.
6. the heat bending processing method of metal tube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the nominal bore of establishing above-mentioned metal tube is D, the stable bending radius of the above-mentioned metal tube that is obtained by effective radius of turn of above-mentioned bend arm is R
0, then at R
0The scope of≤1.5D is implemented the bending machining of above-mentioned metal tube.
7. the thermal flexure processing unit (plant) of a metal tube, heating-cooling device, propulsion plant and bend arm with ring-type; The heating-cooling device of this ring-type is around the short interval configuration of the metal tube that is subjected to bending machining, be used for the above-mentioned short interval of above-mentioned metal tube is carried out the induction coil of eddy-current heating in leading portion configuration, and backend configuration be used to follow the cooling device to cooling off by the heating part of the above-mentioned metal tube after this induction coil heating; The rear clamping device that this propulsion plant is disposed at the rear of this heating-cooling device and will controls the rear end side of above-mentioned metal tube is disposed at foremost, and this propulsion plant is used to make above-mentioned metal tube to advance towards tube hub line direction; It is one distolateral that the place ahead clamping device that this bend arm is disposed at the front side zone of above-mentioned heating-cooling device and will controls the front of above-mentioned metal tube is disposed at, and at another distolateral axis of rotation that is provided with, this axis of rotation is in from the settling position of above-mentioned heating-cooling device towards the position of leaving with the direction of the tube hub line quadrature of above-mentioned metal tube, and this bend arm is used for the advance route of the front of above-mentioned metal tube is constrained to arcuation; It is characterized in that:
Apply compression load in above-mentioned rear clamping device and the pipe cross section of above-mentioned the place ahead clamping device with the orientation of plane of bending quadrature to this metal tube, simultaneously, apply the clamping load of the hole enlargement that stops the orientation parallel, thereby carry out these devices controlling above-mentioned metal tube with this plane of bending.
8. the thermal flexure processing unit (plant) of metal tube according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the clamping device in the above-mentioned at least the place ahead in above-mentioned the place ahead clamping device and the above-mentioned rear clamping device has 2 clamping components of controlling above-mentioned metal tube, the clamping components of a side in these clamping components is the fixed clamp member, the opposing party's clamping components is the free rotating revolution clamping components in center with the rotary middle spindle for relative this fixed clamp member, is center steering by making this revolution clamping components with above-mentioned rotary middle spindle, can control metal tube with the said fixing clamping components, above-mentioned rotary middle spindle is positioned at relatively and the diameter line of the plane of bending quadrature of above-mentioned metal tube produces on the diameter line of inclination.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005156953 | 2005-05-30 | ||
| JP2005156953A JP2006326667A (en) | 2005-05-30 | 2005-05-30 | Hot bending method for metal tube and device therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1872441A true CN1872441A (en) | 2006-12-06 |
Family
ID=37483136
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005101338961A Pending CN1872441A (en) | 2005-05-30 | 2005-12-20 | Heat bending processing method and device of metal tube |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2006326667A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20060124546A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1872441A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101450356B (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2010-06-02 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Manufacture method of high-intensity hot bend pipe |
| CN102458705A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2012-05-16 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Bending device |
| CN102847764A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-02 | 第一高周波工业株式会社 | Bending processing device for metal tube |
| CN109772953A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-21 | 天津市巨星祥海机械有限公司 | A kind of metal tube bending apparatus |
| CN109807206A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-28 | 宁波嘉鹏机械设备制造有限公司 | A kind of bending machine |
| CN112338015A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-09 | 武汉杰品金属制品有限公司 | Full-automatic copper pipe fitting pipe bending machine and pipe bending process thereof |
| CN113795341A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-12-14 | 碳固定脊柱公司 | Device, assembly, kit, system and method for shaping an elongated element comprising a thermoplastic polymer |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4941054B2 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2012-05-30 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of seamless bend pipe, welded joint and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP4906573B2 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2012-03-28 | 第一高周波工業株式会社 | Metal tube bending apparatus and bending method |
| JP2009012062A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-22 | Dai Ichi High Frequency Co Ltd | Bending device of metallic tube and method of manufacturing metallic tube with bent part |
| PT2368650E (en) | 2008-10-28 | 2013-06-27 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | Method and device for manufacturing bent product |
| CN104044128B (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-12-02 | 瑞安市鑫海汽车部件有限公司 | A kind of assistance instrument of the turning for hollow part |
| KR20170031477A (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-21 | (주)성일에스아이엠 | High frequency induction heating device for pipe bending machine having flow gauge |
-
2005
- 2005-05-30 JP JP2005156953A patent/JP2006326667A/en active Pending
- 2005-12-20 CN CNA2005101338961A patent/CN1872441A/en active Pending
- 2005-12-27 KR KR1020050130165A patent/KR20060124546A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101450356B (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2010-06-02 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Manufacture method of high-intensity hot bend pipe |
| CN102458705A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2012-05-16 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Bending device |
| CN102458705B (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2015-01-07 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Bending device |
| CN102847764A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-02 | 第一高周波工业株式会社 | Bending processing device for metal tube |
| CN102847764B (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2015-03-25 | 第一高周波工业株式会社 | Bending processing device for metal tube |
| CN109807206A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-28 | 宁波嘉鹏机械设备制造有限公司 | A kind of bending machine |
| CN109772953A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-21 | 天津市巨星祥海机械有限公司 | A kind of metal tube bending apparatus |
| CN113795341A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-12-14 | 碳固定脊柱公司 | Device, assembly, kit, system and method for shaping an elongated element comprising a thermoplastic polymer |
| CN112338015A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-09 | 武汉杰品金属制品有限公司 | Full-automatic copper pipe fitting pipe bending machine and pipe bending process thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2006326667A (en) | 2006-12-07 |
| KR20060124546A (en) | 2006-12-05 |
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